Journal articles: 'Cotton disease'

1

Kirkby, K. A., P. A. Lonergan, and S. J. Allen. "Three decades of cotton disease surveys in NSW, Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 8 (2013): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13143.

Full text

Abstract:

Three decades of disease survey data have shown Verticillium wilt was one of the first major diseases of cotton recorded in the 1984–85 season. Survey reports the mean incidence was 4.1% in the 1984–85 season and rose to 16.6% in the 1989–90 season. Prior to 1984 all commercial varieties of cotton available in Australia were susceptible to bacterial blight and the disease was common. The adoption of the resistant varieties contributed to a dramatic decline in the incidence of bacterial blight and the removal of bacterial blight as a significant pathogen to Australian cotton crops by 1992. Survey results showed the incidence of black root rot increased on farms with a long history of growing cotton during the 1990s. Fusarium wilt of cotton was first reported in New South Wales (NSW) in 1994. The disease is now widespread, being confirmed on 86 NSW farms in six of the eight cotton production areas in NSW. These four significant plant disease ‘problems’ have challenged the cotton industry in NSW. Data provided by the surveys have indicated the relative importance of each of the diseases present and the impact of cultural practices and the adoption of new varieties on disease distribution, incidence and severity. The results have therefore been used to support and justify requests for research funding and have contributed to the development of Integrated Disease Management strategies. The NSW Department of Primary Industries continues to monitor the distribution of disease and the incidence and severity present in commercial cotton crops in all production areas of NSW. The aim of this paper is to highlight four significant cotton diseases in Australia and show relationships between cultural practices and declining and increasing incidence of disease.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Chen, Fu Gui, Bao Jian Zhang, and Jun Hui Fu. "Application of Artificial Neural Network for Cotton Boil Spoiling Disease Prediction." Advanced Materials Research 143-144 (October 2010): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.143-144.233.

Full text

Abstract:

Based on the database of cotton boil spoiling disease in Xinxiang, a computerized intelligent expert system was established by using the Reverse Model of artificial neural network. With its speediness, robustness and 100%predicting accuracy, the system can be used as an effective method to predict the trend of cotton diseases. In recent years, we have seem some reports for which use artificial neural network system to forecast the disease of crops, but the artificial neural network using for predicting cotton boil spoiling disease have not been seen yet. Xinxiang is a city of Henan province of china, according to the survey materials of 10 years, the high output cotton boil spoiling disease break out every 4 years, the average quantity is 1.53, the rate of boil spoiling disease is 11.84%, so the loss is 168.28 . In order to prevent the cotton boil spoiling disease, we should forecast the disease, by doing this, it can increase quantity and quality of the cotton.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Bag, Sudeep, Phillip M. Roberts, and Robert C. Kemerait. "Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Disease: An Emerging Virus Disease on Cotton in the U.S." Crops & Soils 54, no. 2 (March 2021): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crso.20105.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ramacharan, Dr S. "A 3-Stage Method for Disease Detection of Cotton Plant Leaf using Deep Learning CNN Algorithm." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 30, 2021): 2503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36913.

Full text

Abstract:

Agriculture is one of the significant occupation in various countries including India. As major part of the Indian financial system is reliant on agriculture production, the intense consideration to the concern of food production is essential. The nomenclature and recognition of crop infection got much significance in technical as well as economic in the Agricultural Industry. While keeping track of diseases in plants with the support of experts can be very expensive in agriculture region. There is a necessity for a method or system which can automatically identify the diseases as it can bring revolution in monitoring enormous fields of crop and then plant leaflet can be taken ca The detection of cotton leaf disease is a very important factor to prevent serious outbreak.re imme4diately after recognition of disease. The aim of this paper is to provide guidelines for the development of application which recognizes cotton plant leaf diseases. For availing this user need to upload the image of the cotton leaf and then with the help of image processing one can get a digitized colour image of a diseased leaf which can be further processed by applying CNN algorithm to predict the actual root cause for the cotton leaf disease.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Briddon, R. W., and P. G. Markham. "Cotton leaf curl virus disease." Virus Research 71, no. 1-2 (November 2000): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1702(00)00195-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Reddall, A., A. Ali, J. A. Able, J. Stonor, L. Tesoriero, P. R. Wright, M. A. Rezaian, and L. J. Wilson. "Cotton bunchy top: an aphid and graft transmitted cotton disease." Australasian Plant Pathology 33, no. 2 (2004): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ap03094.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Pupim Junior, Osmério, Ivan Schuster, Ronald Barth Pinto, Ely Pires, Jean-Louis Belot, Pierre Silvie, Luiz Gonzaga Chitarra, Lúcia Vieira Hoffmann, and Paulo Barroso. "Inheritance of resistance to cotton blue disease." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 43, no. 5 (May 2008): 661–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2008000500015.

Full text

Abstract:

The objective of this work was to determine the inheritance of cotton blue disease resistance by cotton plants. Populations derived from the CD 401 and Delta Opal resistant varieties were evaluated, through a greenhouse test with artificial inoculation by viruliferous aphids. Cotton blue disease resistance is conditioned by one dominant gene, both in CD 401 and Delta Opal varieties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Sattar, M. Naeem, Anders Kvarnheden, Muhammad Saeed, and Rob W. Briddon. "Cotton leaf curl disease – an emerging threat to cotton production worldwide." Journal of General Virology 94, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 695–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.049627-0.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is a serious disease of cotton which has characteristic symptoms, the most unusual of which is the formation of leaf-like enations on the undersides of leaves. The disease is caused by whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (family Geminiviridae, genus Begomovirus) in association with specific, symptom-modulating satellites (betasatellites) and an evolutionarily distinct group of satellite-like molecules known as alphasatellites. CLCuD occurs across Africa as well as in Pakistan and north-western India. Over the past 25 years, Pakistan and India have experienced two epidemics of the disease, the most recent of which involved a virus and satellite that are resistance breaking. Loss of this conventional host–plant resistance, which saved the cotton growers from ruin in the late 1990s, leaves farmers with only relatively poor host plant tolerance to counter the extensive losses the disease causes. There has always been the fear that CLCuD could spread from the relatively limited geographical range it encompasses at present to other cotton-growing areas of the world where, although the disease is not present, the environmental conditions are suitable for its establishment and the whitefly vector occurs. Unfortunately recent events have shown this fear to be well founded, with CLCuD making its first appearance in China. Here, we outline recent advances made in understanding the molecular biology of the components of the disease complex, their interactions with host plants, as well as efforts being made to control CLCuD.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Dr. Vijay Kumar Garg, Sandhya N. dhage,. "Role of Machine Learning Approach for Detection and Classification of Diseases in Cotton Plant." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (April 11, 2021): 810–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.1488.

Full text

Abstract:

Qualitative and quantitative agricultural production leads to economic benefits which can be achieved by periodic monitoring of crop, detection and prevention of crop diseases and insects. Quality of crop production is reduced by pest infection and crop diseases. Existing measures involves manual detection of cotton diseases by farmers and experts which requires regular monitoring and detection manifest at middle to later stage of infection which causes many disadvantages such as becoming too late for diseases to be cured. Lack of early detection of diseases causes the diseases to be spread in nearby crops in the field and also spraying of pesticides is done on entire field for minimizing the infection of disease. The main goal of proposed research topic is to find the solution to the agriculture problem which involves detecting disease in cotton plant at early stage and classify the disease based on symptoms. Early detection of disease at an early stage prevent it from spreading to another area and preventive measures can be taken by farmers by spraying pesticides to control its growth which helps to increase the cotton yield production. Automatic identification of the different diseases affecting cotton crop will give many benefits to the farmers so that time, money will be saved and also gives healthy life to the crop. The contribution of this paper is to present the machine learning approach used for cotton crop disease diagnosis and classification.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Çelik, Sadettin, Adem Bardak, Oktay Erdoğan, Döne Parlak, Rıdvan Uçar, Halil Tekerek, Ali Can Sever, and Khizer Bahatti Hayat. "Determination of the Response of Some Cotton Varieties to Cotton Wilt Disease Caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 12 (December 14, 2017): 1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i12.1488-1492.1476.

Full text

Abstract:

Verticillium Wilt Disease is one of the most important diseases affecting the rate of cotton yield. There is no economic chemical control for Verticillium wilt, but it is recommended to use resistant varieties to control this disease. This experiment was carried out in a randomized plot design with four replications in the growth chamber to determine the response of some cotton cultivars against a defoliating and non-defoliating pathotypes of Verticilllium dahliae Kleb. In the study, a total of twenty cotton cultivars i.e. the resistant control GIZA 75, the tolerant control CARMEN and the susceptible control ACALA SJ2, defoliating (PYDV6 isolate) and non-defoliating (Vd 11 isolate) pathotypes were used, and cotton varieties were tested using conidial suspension technique. Analysis of variance showed significantly (P

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Mansoori, Mahdiyeh, Asghar Heydari, Nader Hassanzadeh, Saeed Rezaee, and Laleh Naraghi. "Evaluation of Pseudomonas and Bacillus Bacterial Antagonists for Biological Control of Cotton Verticillium Wilt Disease." Journal of Plant Protection Research 53, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jppr-2013-0023.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Verticillium wilt is considered the most important disease of cotton in the world, including Iran. Cultural practices and the use of resistant varieties are the most common strategies used to control Verticillium wilt of cotton. These strategies are not always available or effective. In recent years, biological control using fungal and bacterial antagonists, has been applied to control some cotton diseases including damping-off. In this study, we investigated the possibility of biological control of Verticillium wilt of cotton using bacterial antagonists. Suspension of eight bacterial strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus spp. isolated from different rhizospheric soils and plant roots in the Iranian cotton fields, were prepared with a concentration of 108 cfu/ml. Ten cotton seeds (cv Varamin) were then coated with each bacterial suspension and were planted in soil pre-inoculated with Verticillium dahliae microsclerotia. The efficacy of bacterial antagonists in reducing wilt disease was evaluated by determination of the disease index in different treatments. The results indicated that most isolates were effective in reducing disease (compared to the untreated control) 90 days after sowing. Isolates B5, B6, B2, B7, and B3 were the most effective, respectively, in reducing wilt index. In contrast, isolates B1, B4, and B8 did not significantly reduce the disease. In general, P. fluorescens isolates were more effective than Bacillus isolates. This study suggests that bacterial antagonists might be potential biological control agents of cotton.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Hasan, Irum, Sumaira Rasul, Tassawar Hussain Malik, Muhammad Kamran Qureshi, Kashif Aslam, Ghulam Shabir, Habib-ur-Rehman Athar, and Hamid Manzoor. "Present status of cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCUVD): a major threat to cotton production." International Journal of Cotton Research and Technology 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/ijcrt.001.01.0240.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton is a major cash crop cultivated throughout the world for fiber, feed, fuel and food. Globally, it ranked 1st for fiber and 2nd among the oilseed crops. It is cultivated in around 60 countries of the world with an approximate production of 119.8 million bales annually. During its life cycle, cotton is exposed to about 75 destructive diseases from sowing till harvesting. These stresses are responsible for about 50% yield losses annually with a worth of $ 50 billion in the world. Among them, Cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCuVD) is one of the significant factors responsible for yield reduction worldwide. This disease is caused by cotton leaf cur virus which is mainly acquired and transmitted by the vector Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). This virus belongs to the family Geminiviridae and genus Begomovirus. Geminiviruses consist of small circular, single stranded DNA encapsidated in a twinned icosahedral pattern. These are either monopartite or bipartite. Bipartite begomoviruses are composed of circular single stranded DNA-A and DNA-B, both these components are essential for the infection in New World while some bipartite begomoviruses are also present in Old World, but differences are still present. Monopartite begomoviruses are composed of circular single stranded DNA-A and satellite molecules (DNA α-satellite and β-satellite), these are essential components for the severity of disease in the Old World. Efforts are underway to develop new strategies to protect the cotton plants against CLCuVD and its viral causal agents. This review helps the reader to better understand the biology of Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV), its behavior/interaction with the host Whitefly as well as recent developments being made for the control of cotton leaf curl disease.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Bhargava, Puneet, and Jeffrey H. Maki. "“Cotton Wool” Appearance of Paget's Disease." New England Journal of Medicine 363, no. 6 (August 5, 2010): e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmicm0912945.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Butler, G. D., F. D. Wilson, and T. J. Henneberry. "Cotton Leaf Crumple Virus Disease in Okra-leaf and Normal-leaf Cottons." Journal of Economic Entomology 78, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 1500–1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/78.6.1500.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Wrather, J. A., B. Phipps, and C. S. Rothrock. "Fungi Associated With Postemergence Cotton Seedling Disease in Missouri." Plant Health Progress 3, no. 1 (January 2002): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2002-0722-01-rs.

Full text

Abstract:

Surveys were conducted to identify fungi associated with postemergence cotton seedling disease in Missouri. Samples consisted of 10 cotton seedlings, 2 to 3 weeks after emergence, with symptoms of seedling diseases collected from a 0.25 ha area in each of 60 fields in 1997 and 1998. Four genera of fungi were cultured from the roots (Fusarium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, and Thielaviopsis) and three species were identified: Rhizoctonia solani, Thielaviopsis basicola, and Pythiumultimum. Rhizoctonia solani, T. basicola, and P. ultimum were cultured from seedlings in 70%, 47%, and 15% of fields sampled in 1997, respectively, and 55%, 17%, and 5% of fields sampled in 1998, respectively. Repeated tests of pathogenicity confirmed that R. solani AG-4, T. basicola, and P. ultimum were major causal agents of postemergence cotton seedling disease in Missouri. This study provides the first documentation on the distribution and frequency of fungi associated with postemergence seedling disease complex of cotton based on a survey of randomly selected fields. Accepted for publication 9 July 2002. Published 22 July 2002.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Nadeem, A., T. Mehmood, M. Tahir, S. Khalid, and Z. Xiong. "First Report of Papaya Leaf Curl Disease in Pakistan." Plant Disease 81, no. 11 (November 1997): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.11.1333b.

Full text

Abstract:

Papaya plants with virus-disease-like symptoms were observed in back yards and commercial groves in Multan, Pakistan. Leaves of the diseased plants displayed downward curling and thickened, dark green veins. Leaf-like enations grew from the base of the diseased leaves. These symptoms are similar to those of cotton leaf curl disease. In addition, diseased papayas were stunted and distorted. Leaf extracts from 3 diseased and 2 healthy papayas were tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against antibodies to geminiviruses. SCRI-52 and SCRI-60, two monoclonal antibodies to Indian cassava mosaic virus (2), reacted positively (more than 7× healthy background) with the diseased samples but not with the healthy ones. Total nucleic acids from the papaya samples were used as templates in polymerase chain reaction with primers F500 and R1800 (1), which are capable of amplifying a region of DNA A component of the whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses. A DNA fragment of approximately 1.4 kb was amplified from the nucleic acids of the diseased but not the healthy papayas. Under high stringency conditions (1), cloned DNA A fragments of both cotton leaf curl virus and cotton leaf crumple virus cross-hybridized with the amplified DNA fragment, but the hybridization signals were much weaker than those of the homologous hybridization. This is the first report of the papaya leaf curl disease in Pakistan. These data demonstrated that a geminivirus may be the causative agent of this papaya disease. We are currently determining the relationship between the geminivirus infecting papaya and cotton leaf curl virus. References: (1) A. Nadeem et al. Mol. Plant Pathol. (On-line: /1997/0612nadeem). (2) M. M. Swanson et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 211:285, 1992.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Pan, Li-Long, Xi-Yun Cui, Qun-Fang Chen, Xiao-Wei Wang, and Shu-Sheng Liu. "Cotton Leaf Curl Disease: Which Whitefly Is the Vector?" Phytopathology® 108, no. 10 (October 2018): 1172–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-01-18-0015-r.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton leaf curl disease is one of the most significant constraints to the production of cotton. In the past decades our understanding of the begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) causing the disease has improved, but little is known regarding transmission of these viruses by the different species of whiteflies in the Bemisia tabaci complex. We compared transmission efficiency of cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), one of the major begomoviruses associated with cotton leaf curl disease, by four whitefly species, of which two are indigenous to Asia and two are invasive worldwide. Only the indigenous Asia II 1 species was able to transmit this virus with high efficiency. By quantifying the virus and using immunoflorescence assays, we found that the differential transmission was associated with the varying efficiency of CLCuMuV to cross the midgut of various whitefly species. Further, we verified the role of coat protein in the whitefly transmission of CLCuMuV. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the virus coat proteins, we found that most begomoviruses associated with cotton leaf curl disease might share similar whitefly transmission characteristics. These findings advance our understanding of the nature of cotton leaf curl disease and provide information for the development of control and preventive strategies against this disease.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Pankey, Joseph H., James L. Griffin, Patrick D. Colyer, Raymond W. Schneider, and Donnie K. Miller. "Preemergence Herbicide and Glyphosate Effects on Seedling Diseases in Glyphosate-Resistant Cotton." Weed Technology 19, no. 2 (June 2005): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-04-016r2.

Full text

Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of preemergence (PRE) herbicides metolachlor at 1,700 g ai/ha, pyrithiobac at 70 g ai/ha, or pendimethalin at 840 g ai/ha applied alone or with fluometuron at 1,300 g ai/ha and glyphosate postemergence (POST) at 840 g ai/ha on seedling diseases in glyphosate-resistant cotton. Hypocotyl disease severity both years averaged across PRE herbicide treatments was greater after glyphosate application to four-leaf cotton than cotyledon cotton. The PRE herbicide treatments, particularly those including fluometuron, increased root and hypocotyl disease ratings compared with a nontreated control, and a sequential application of glyphosate did not further increase disease severity. Greenhouse experiments using soil infested withRhizoctonia solaniconfirmed findings from the field study showing that PRE herbicides can predispose cotton to greater seedling disease injury with no increased seedling disease severity associated with application of glyphosate. In the field study, glyphosate applied at cotyledon or four-leaf growth stages decreased disease severity on cotton hypocotyls both years. This inhibitory effect of glyphosate was less evident in the greenhouse study and may have been related to species of fungi present, infestation level, and differences in environmental conditions when compared with the field.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Mansoor, S., I. Amin, S. Iram, M. Hussain, Y. Zafar, K. A. Malik, and R. W. Briddon. "Breakdown of resistance in cotton to cotton leaf curl disease in Pakistan." Plant Pathology 52, no. 6 (December 2003): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2003.00893.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Agrofoglio, Yamila C., Verónica C. Delfosse, María F. Casse, Horacio E. Hopp, Iván Bonacic Kresic, and Ana J. Distéfano. "Identification of a New Cotton Disease Caused by an Atypical Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus in Argentina." Phytopathology® 107, no. 3 (March 2017): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-09-16-0349-r.

Full text

Abstract:

An outbreak of a new disease occurred in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fields in northwest Argentina starting in the 2009–10 growing season and is still spreading steadily. The characteristic symptoms of the disease included slight leaf rolling and a bushy phenotype in the upper part of the plant. In this study, we determined the complete nucleotide sequences of two independent virus genomes isolated from cotton blue disease (CBD)-resistant and -susceptible cotton varieties. This virus genome comprised 5,866 nucleotides with an organization similar to that of the genus Polerovirus and was closely related to cotton leafroll dwarf virus, with protein identity ranging from 88 to 98%. The virus was subsequently transmitted to a CBD-resistant cotton variety using Aphis gossypii and symptoms were successfully reproduced. To study the persistence of the virus, we analyzed symptomatic plants from CBD-resistant varieties from different cotton-growing fields between 2013 and 2015 and showed the presence of the same virus strain. In addition, a constructed full-length infectious cDNA clone from the virus caused disease symptoms in systemic leaves of CBD-resistant cotton plants. Altogether, the new leafroll disease in CBD-resistant cotton plants is caused by an atypical cotton leafroll dwarf virus.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

M., Azath, Melese Zekiwos, and Abey Bruck. "Deep Learning-Based Image Processing for Cotton Leaf Disease and Pest Diagnosis." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2021 (June 16, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9981437.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton is one of the economically significant agricultural products in Ethiopia, but it is exposed to different constraints in the leaf area. Mostly, these constraints are identified as diseases and pests that are hard to detect with bare eyes. This study focused to develop a model to boost the detection of cotton leaf disease and pests using the deep learning technique, CNN. To do so, the researchers have used common cotton leaf disease and pests such as bacterial blight, spider mite, and leaf miner. K-fold cross-validation strategy was worn to dataset splitting and boosted generalization of the CNN model. For this research, nearly 2400 specimens (600 images in each class) were accessed for training purposes. This developed model is implemented using python version 3.7.3 and the model is equipped on the deep learning package called Keras, TensorFlow backed, and Jupyter which are used as the developmental environment. This model achieved an accuracy of 96.4% for identifying classes of leaf disease and pests in cotton plants. This revealed the feasibility of its usage in real-time applications and the potential need for IT-based solutions to support traditional or manual disease and pest’s identification.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Ichii, Osamu, Teppei Nakamura, Takao Irie, Hirokazu Kouguchi, Kozue Sotozaki, Taro Horino, Yuji Sunden, Yaser Hosny Ali Elewa, and Yasuhiro Kon. "Close pathological correlations between chronic kidney disease and reproductive organ-associated abnormalities in female cotton rats." Experimental Biology and Medicine 243, no. 5 (February 7, 2018): 418–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370218758250.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton rat ( Sigmodon hispidus) is a useful experimental rodent for the study of human infectious diseases. We previously clarified that cotton rats, particularly females, developed chronic kidney disease characterized by cystic lesions, inflammation, and fibrosis. The present study investigated female-associated factors for chronic kidney disease development in cotton rats. Notably, female cotton rats developed separation of the pelvic symphysis and hypertrophy in the vaginal parts of the cervix with age, which strongly associated with pyometra. The development of pyometra closely associated with the deterioration of renal dysfunction or immunological abnormalities was indicated by blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine or spleen weight and serum albumin/globulin ratio, respectively. These parameters for renal dysfunction and immunological abnormalities were statistically correlated. These phenotypes found in the female reproductive organs were completely inhibited by ovariectomy. Further, the female cotton rats with pyometra tended to show more severe chronic kidney disease phenotypes and immunological abnormalities than those without pyometra; these changes were inhibited in ovariectomized cotton rats. With regard to renal histopathology, cystic lesions, inflammation, and fibrosis were ameliorated by ovariectomy. Notably, the immunostaining intensity of estrogen receptor α and estrogen receptor β were weak in the healthy kidneys, but both estrogen receptors were strongly induced in the renal tubules showing cystic changes. In conclusion, the close correlations among female reproductive organ-associated abnormalities, immunological abnormalities, and renal dysfunction characterize the chronic kidney disease features of female cotton rats. Thus, the cotton rat is a unique rodent model to elucidate the pathological crosstalk between chronic kidney disease and sex-related factors. Impact statement The increasing number of elderly individuals in the overall population has led to a concomitant age-related increase in chronic kidney disease. Moreover, the global prevalence of patients with chronic kidney disease is gradually increasing, which poses a serious public health problem. The limited number of spontaneous chronic kidney disease animal models, which resemble chronic kidney disease pathogenesis in elderly individuals, is a major limitation in the development of experimental and curative medicines for chronic kidney disease. This pathological study clarified that sex-related factors, including hormones, and abnormalities of the female reproductive system, such as pyometra, are closely associated with chronic kidney disease development by using cotton rats ( Sigmodon hispidus). Further, ovariectomy inhibited the phenotypes of the female reproductive system, immunological abnormalities, and chronic kidney disease. Thus, this laboratory rodent serves as a novel and useful spontaneous chronic kidney disease model to elucidate the candidate disease factors and the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease both in human and experimental medicine.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

R. Nelson, M., and T. V. Orum. "Local and Regional Spatial Analysis of Plant Virus Disease Epidemics with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Geostatistics." Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol3iss1pp85-93.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent advances in personal computer hardware and the rapid development of spatial analysis software that is user-friendly on PC's has provided remarkable new tools for the analysts of plant diseases, particularly ecologically complex virus diseases. Due to the complexity of the disease cycle of the animal-vectored plant virus, these diseases present the most interesting challenges for the application of spatial analysis technology. While traditional quantitative analysis of plant diseases concentrated on within-field spatial analysis, often involving rather arcane mathematical descriptions of pattern, the new spatial analysis tools are most useful at the dimension where many disease epidemics occur, the regional level. The output of many of the programs used in spatial analysis is a highly visual picture of a disease epidemic which has a strong intuitive appeal to managers of agricultural enterprises. Applications by us, thus far, have included tomato, pepper and cotton virus diseases in Arizona. Mexico, California and Pakistan. In addition, this technology has been applied by us to Phytophthora infestans in potato and tomato. Aspergillus flavus in cotton, and regional insect problems of tomato and cotton.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Mehta, Y. R. "Severe Outbreak of Stemphylium Leaf Blight, a New Disease of Cotton in Brazil." Plant Disease 82, no. 3 (March 1998): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1998.82.3.333.

Full text

Abstract:

A severe epidemic of a leaf blight of cotton occurred in the state of Paraná, Brazil, during 1994 and 1995, causing up to 100% yield losses in some commercial fields of cultivar Paraná 3. The severity of the disease among fields was variable and cultivar-dependent. Attempts were made to identify the organism causing the leaf blight symptoms, which were characterized as circular to irregular dark brown to black spots turning reddish brown with age and varying between 2 and 10 mm in diameter. The older lesions showed cracks and/or holes in the center. Severely diseased leaves dried rapidly and abscised. Fructifications of a fungus in the genus Stemphylium were observed on young, as well as on old, lesions. The Stemphylium sp. was consistently isolated on potato dextrose agar from disease samples collected from five cultivars in 14 locations. In inoculation tests, the Stemphylium isolates from cotton were highly aggressive to cotton, tomato, potato, and blue lupines; whereas an isolate of S. solani from tomato was highly aggressive on tomato and potato but less aggressive on cotton. On the basis of its morphological, cultural, and pathogenic characteristics, the principal pathogen causing leaf blight symptoms was identified as Stemphylium solani. Epidemics caused by S. solani on cotton have not been reported previously in commercial cotton cultivation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Ogle, HJ, AM Stirling, and PJ Dart. "Pathogenicity of fungi associated with seedling disease of cotton." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 33, no. 7 (1993): 923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9930923.

Full text

Abstract:

Fungi associated with cotton seedling disease were isolated directly from a vertisol at Narrabri, New South Wales, in which cotton had failed to establish, and from cotton seedlings grown in the same soil and seedlings grown in 7 Queensland cotton-growing soils (also Vertisols). Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp., Trichoderma spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium vexans, I unidentified pythiaceous fungi, and a number of miscellaneous unidentified fungi were isolated from soil or soilborne plant debris. Pythium ultimum, R. solani, Fusarium spp., and unidentified pythiaceous fungi were isolated from lesions on seedling hypocotyls. The pathogenicity of the fungi was investigated using cotton seedlings grown in steamed potting mix; 93% of seedlings survived in the absence of fungal inoculum. Of the fungi isolated from the Narrabri soil, P. ultimum and R. solani were most pathogenic, reducing seedling survival at 14 days after inoculation to 33%. Isolates of P. vexans and Fusarium spp. reduced seedling survival to 64% and 73-87%, respectively. Isolates of R. solani or P. ultirnum from the Queensland soils completely prevented seedling emergence in most cases, while isolates of Fusarium spp. were not pathogenic. Isolates of both R. solani and P. ultimum varied significantly in pathogenicity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Monga, D., and S. K. Sain. "Incidence and severity of cotton leaf curl virus disease on different BG II hybrids and its effect on the yield and quality of cotton crop." Journal of Environmental Biology 42, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/42/1/mrn-1296.

Full text

Abstract:

Aim: To understand the effect of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease incidence and severity at various crop growth stages on Bollgaurd-II cotton hybrids having different levels of susceptibility and resistance and its effect on, seed cotton yield and fibre quality. Methodology: The effect of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) incidence, severity and its progress on highly resistant to susceptible cultivars was compared. The loss of seed cotton yield (SCY) corresponding to CLCuD incidence at 80 DAS, 81-110 DAS, 111-140 DAS was estimated separately in each hybrid. The loss of fibre quality corresponding to CLCuD incidence at seven different stages, i.e., 50 to 140 days after sowing (DAS) was also calculated. Results: The highest relative area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values of PDI were observed in Ankur 3028 (100%) and Ankur Jai BG II (83%), while the lowest values were recorded in highly resistant hybrids Yuva-841-2 (4.6%) and Bunty 2113-2 (13.8%). When the disease appeared up to 80 DAS compared to 110, 140 DAS the reduction range in SCY (4.6-62.4%), fibre length (23.9-29.9%), strength (21.4-30.1%) and uniformity (62.5-83%) was recorded to be higher in susceptible hybrids. The fibre length, strength, and uniformity were reduced in diseased plant (25.9 mm, 24.4 g/tex, 68.2%) when incidence took place at 50 DAS compared to disease-free plants (27.6mm, 25.9 g/tex, 72.9%). However, reduction in SCY, fiber length, fiber strength and uniformity at 80 DAS varied with respect to hybrid and their resistance category. Interpretation: These results provide the basis to prove the hypothesis that the yield loss is associated with the stage of CLCuD incidence and its severity in cotton hybrids with different levels of resistance as well as its genetic potential of a particular cotton cultivar. However, the extent of yield reduction within the resistant or susceptible category is also dependent on the yield potential of a particular cultivar. Thus, breeders must consider both the criteria-lower PDI /AUDPC and higher productivity to select high yielding cotton lines. Key words: Cotton, Disease index, Leaf Curl Disease, Virus

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Diao, Zhi Hua, Yin Mao Song, Yun Peng Wang, and Huan Wang. "Feature Extraction of Leaf Images for Mite Disease in Cotton Fields." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 919–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.919.

Full text

Abstract:

To realize timely and reliable diagnosis of the cotton mite disease, the leaves image features of mite disease were extracted by using computer image processing technology. First the average value and variance of the hue H and G/R as the color features were extracted by the histogram. Secondly, the entropy and inertia value were extracted by the algorithm of co- matrix. Then, according to the binary images of leaves for mite disease, two morphological features of leaf lesion, such as circularity and elongation were extracted. Experiments results indicated that the characteristic values could distinguish the cotton mite disease leaves and normal leaves better. The method which was applied to diagnose the cotton mite disease would improve the accuracy of disease identification and achieve effective governance of cotton mite disease.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Sandipan, P. B., R. K. Patel, G. O. Faldu, D. M. Patel, and B. G. Solanki. "Relationship of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease of Cotton with Different Weather Parameters Under South Gujarat Condition of India." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 51, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cerce-2018-0004.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the family Malvaceae. Bacterial blight of cotton, also know as angular leaf spot, boll rot, and black leg, is a potentially destructive bacterial disease of cotton production. The disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum (Smith) Dye (synonyms Xanthomonas malvacearum (E.F. Sm) Dowson) is one of the most important and serious disease in cotton crop. Main objective of present research is to study the progress of the bacterial blight disease of cotton (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum (Smith) Dye, with relation to the environmental parameters. This is a common disease affecting the growth, development and yield of cotton. A field trial was conducted to determine the influence of environmental factors, viz. rainfall periods, temperature, sun shine hours and humidity on the development of disease. Bacterial blight disease was recorded with its appearance and subsequently at weekly interval till it prevailed on G. Cot. Hy.12 (Non Bt). The incidence of bacterial blight disease (BLB) was noticed during 28 to 49th standard week with the maximum disease intensity in third week of September (23.5% PDI). None of the abiotic factors had significant influence on bacterial blight disease progress and development.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

SANDIPAN, Prashant B., R. K. PATEL, G. O. FALDU, and D. M. PATEL. "INTEGRATED DISEASES MANAGEMENT (IDM) MODULES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF COTTON DISEASES IN NATURAL CONDITION UNDER SOUTH GUJARAT REGION OF INDIA." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 52, no. 3 (2019): 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.46909/cerce-2019-0025.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton is a vital commercial crop in the world and plays an important role for fibre, fuel and edible oil in the community and to industry. Cotton is a white fibrous agricultural product that has a wide variety of uses, from textile production, to creating paper, to producing oil and food products. Cotton is grown all around the globe, and is traded internationally as well. The cotton diseases scenario has shown a continuous change during the past 64 years. Several diseases have been reported for the cotton crop. The use of IDM strategy is gaining momentum now a days, but in developing countries it often lacks the enabling environment for its successful implemen-tation. Cotton crop is affected by various diseases caused by organisms, such as fungi, bacteria and viruses that grow on and within the plant tissues. In this experiment, total seven modules including the control was tested in this experiment from which, module 6 (6.50% PDI), followed by module 5 (8.50% PDI) significantly recorded minimum bacterial leaf blight infection in comparison to the module 7, i.e. control (18.50% PDI) in RCH 2 BG II hybrid. For Alternaria leaf spot disease, module 6 (2.50 % PDI) were recorded significantly minimum Alternaria leaf spot disease in RCH 2 BG II hybrid, as compared to the control (10.50 % PDI), followed by module 5 (4.50 % PDI) and module 4 (5.50 % PDI).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Jabaji-Hare, Suha, and Stephen M. Neate. "Nonpathogenic Binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. and Benzothiadiazole Protect Cotton Seedlings Against Rhizoctonia Damping-Off and Alternaria Leaf Spot in Cotton." Phytopathology® 95, no. 9 (September 2005): 1030–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-95-1030.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent reports have shown induction of resistance to Rhizoctonia root rot using nonpathogenic strains of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. (np-BNR). This study evaluates the biocontrol ability of several np-BNR isolates against root and foliar diseases of cotton in greenhouse trials, provides evidence for induced systemic resistance (ISR) as a mechanism in this biocontrol, and compares the disease control provided by np-BNR with that provided by the chemical inducer benzothiadiazole (BTH). Pretreatment of cotton seedlings with np-BNR isolates provided good protection against pre- and post-emergence damping-off caused by a virulent strain of Rhizoctonia solani (AG-4). Seedling stand of protected cotton was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of nonprotected seedlings. Several np-BNR isolates significantly reduced disease severity. The combination of BTH and np-BNR provided significant protection against seedling rot and leaf spot in cotton; however, the degree of disease reduction was comparable to that obtained with np-BNR treatment alone. Significant reduction in leaf spot symptoms caused by Alternaria macrospora occurred on cotyledons pretreated with np-BNR or sprayed with BTH, and the np- BNR-treated seedlings had significantly less leaf spot than BTH-treated seedlings. The results demonstrate that np-BNR isolates can protect cotton from infections caused by both root and leaf pathogens and that disease control was superior to that observed with a chemical inducer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Bashan, Yoav, Hanna Levanony, and Reuven Or. "Association between Alternaria macrospora and Alternaria alternata, causal agents of cotton leaf blight." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 2603–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-324.

Full text

Abstract:

The association between Alternaria macrospora and Alternaria alternata, responsible for the development of alternaria blight disease in cotton, was evaluated in artificially inoculated greenhouse plants and in naturally infested field plants. When greenhouse plants were inoculated with suboptimal doses of both pathogens (< 1.2 × 104 spores/mL) infection was greater than when separately inoculated by each pathogen at optimal dosage. In field-grown, naturally infected plants (Gossypium barbadense), both pathogens were found together in more than 40% of the plants. A second field-grown cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum) exhibited infection mainly by either A. alternata or both pathogens together. When both cotton species were naturally infected by both pathogens together, the number of A. alternata spores (either airborne or on the leaf surface) was greater than that of A. macrospora. We propose that A. macrospora together with A. alternata create a disease composite responsible for alternaria blight symptoms in cotton. Key words: Alternaria, cotton diseases, Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium hirsutum.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Kumar, Sandeep, Arpit Jain, Anand Prakash Shukla, Satyendr Singh, Rohit Raja, Shilpa Rani, G. Harshitha, Mohammed A. AlZain, and Mehedi Masud. "A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Detection of Organic and Nonorganic Cotton Diseases." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (June 16, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1790171.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton is the natural fiber produced, and the commercial crop grown in monoculture on 2.5% of total agricultural land. Cotton is a drought-resistant crop that provides a reliable income to the farmers that grow under the area with a threat from climatic change. These cotton crops are being affected by bacterial, fungal, viral, and other parasitic diseases that may vary due to the climatic conditions resulting in the crop’s low productivity. The most prone to diseases is the leaf that results in the damage of the plant and sometimes the whole crop. Most of the diseases occur only on leaf parts of the cotton plant. The primary purpose of disease detection has always been to identify the diseases affecting the plant in the early stages using traditional techniques for better production. To detect these cotton leaf diseases appropriately, the prior knowledge and utilization of several image processing methods and machine learning techniques are helpful.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Monga, Dilip. "Cotton leaf curl virus disease: an overview." Agricultural Research Journal 53, no. 4 (2016): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2395-146x.2016.00093.4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Schachter, E. N., G. J. Beck, and Lucinda Maunder. "Chronic Lung Disease in Cotton Textile Workers." Chest 87, no. 3 (March 1985): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.87.3.406-a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Jin, Ning, Wenjiang Huang, Yu Ren, Juhua Luo, Yongli Wu, Yuanshu Jing, and Dayong Wang. "Hyperspectral identification of cotton verticillium disease severity." Optik 124, no. 16 (August 2013): 2569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.07.026.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Pereg, Lily L. "Black root rot of cotton in Australia: the host, the pathogen and disease management." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 12 (2013): 1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13231.

Full text

Abstract:

Black root rot is a seedling disease caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Thielaviopsis basicola, a species with a worldwide distribution. Diseased plants show blackening of the roots and a reduced number of lateral roots, stunted or slow growth, and delayed flowering or maturity. It was first detected in cotton in Australia in 1989, and by 2004, T. basicola reached all cotton-growing regions in New South Wales and Queensland and the disease was declared as an Australian pandemic. This review covers aspects of the disease that have implications in black root rot spread, severity and management, including the biology and ecology of T. basicola, host range and specificity, chemical and biological control of T. basicola in cotton cropping systems, and crop rotations and host resistance. This review is of special interest to Australian readers; however, the incorporation of ample information on the biology of the pathogen, its interactions with plants and it relation to disease management will benefit readers worldwide.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Akhtar, K. P., M. Wasim, W. Ishaq, M. Ahmad, and M. A. Haq. "Short communication. Deterioration of cotton fibre characteristics caused by cotton leaf curl disease." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 7, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2009074-1110.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Mandhania, S., R. S. Sangwan, S. S. Siwach, S. R. Pundir, O. Sangwan, and A. Janu. "Role of biochemical constituents and minerals against cotton leaf curl disease in cotton." Journal of Environmental Biology 39, no. 2 (March 8, 2018): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/39/2/mrn-346.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Maharshi, Anupam, N. K. Yadav, Praveen Kumar, Prachi Singh, Jagjeet Singh, and Arpan Mukherjee. "An Overview on Cotton Leaf Curl Disease: An Emerging Potential Threat to Cotton." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 10 (October 10, 2017): 2154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.255.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Amin, I., S. Mansoor, L. Amrao, M. Hussain, S. Irum, Y. Zafar, S. E. Bull, and R. W. Briddon. "Mobilisation into cotton and spread of a recombinant cotton leaf curl disease satellite." Archives of Virology 151, no. 10 (May 29, 2006): 2055–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-006-0773-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Awadalla, O. A., and I. M. El-Refai. "Herbicide-induced resistance of cotton to Verticillium wilt disease and activation of host cells to produce the phytoalexin gossypol." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 7 (July 1, 1992): 1440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-181.

Full text

Abstract:

Pretreating cotton seeds with selected herbicide markedly increased cotton resistance to vascular wilt caused by Verticillium albo-atrum. The present investigation studied the mechanism of resistance to V. albo-atrum induced by some herbicides in susceptible cotton plants. The three herbicides tested repressed mycelial growth. Prometryn and dalapon caused a marked reduction in the appearance of Verticillium wilt disease and were the most effective in controlling the disease. Phytoalexin (gossypol) production was greatly increased in herbicide-treated inoculated cotton plants. The level of gossypol was higher in the root than stem. Maximum production of gossypol was achieved in cotton plants treated with the herbicides prometryn and dalapon and inoculated with fungal spores but it was not present in uninoculated control plants. Key words: cotton, Verticillium albo-atrum, herbicides, phytoalexin, disease resistance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Bashan, Yoav. "Symptom expression and ethylene production in leaf blight of cotton caused by Alternaria macrospora and Alternaria alternata alone and in combination." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 11 (November 1, 1994): 1574–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-194.

Full text

Abstract:

The interaction between the cotton leaf pathogens Alternaria macrospora and Alternaria alternata was studied using dual inoculation at dosages (≈ 103 spores/(mL ∙ pathogen)) that did not produce symptoms with either pathogen alone. This dual inoculation produced the typical disease symptoms (spots and shedding) and disease severity similar to inoculation with 104 spores/mL of A. macrospora alone. Neither pathogen produced ethylene in culture; however, they induced production of ethylene concentrations by diseased tissue that were correlated to both disease severity and leaf shedding. Plants infected by both pathogens produced the highest concentration of ethylene. Leaf discs either from leaves exhibiting symptoms or from symptomless infected leaves produced similarly high concentrations of ethylene. Inoculation of any site of the leaf with A. macrospora alone or with both pathogens resulted in shedding of the leaf. Pretreating inoculated plants with several ethylene inhibitors or an auxin decreased ethylene production, disease severity, and leaf shedding. Alternaria alternata apparently triggers symptom expression by A. macrospora in leaf blight disease of Pima cotton, and disease is manifested by the production of ethylene that leads to the typical leaf shedding symptom. Key words: Alternaria macrospora, Alternaria alternata, cotton leaf blight, defoliation, ethylene, fungus – fungus interaction, leaf spot of cotton, symptomless infections, virulence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Minov, Jordan, Jovanka Karadzinska-Bislimovska, Engin Tutkun, Kristin Vasilevska, Snezana Risteska-Kuc, Saso Stoleski, and Dragan Mijakoski. "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Never-Smoking Female Workers Exposed to Cotton Dust." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 2 (June 15, 2014): 320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.056.

Full text

Abstract:

AIM: Textile workers in their work environment are exposed to airborne particulate from natural and synthetic origin. In the present study we aimed at assessment of prevalence and characterstics of COPD in never-smoking female workers employed at cotton weaving sector in textile manufacture.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In order to assess chronic prevalence and characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in textile industry we performed a cross-sectional study including 47 never-smoking female cotton workers (aged 36 to 56 years) and an equal number of never-smoking female office workers studied as a control. Evaluation of examined subjects consisted of completion of a questionnaire, baseline spirometry, and bronchodilator reversibility testing.RESULTS: We found higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms in cotton workers with significant difference for phlegm and dyspnea. Majority of the chronic respiratory symptoms in cotton workers were work-related. With exception of the mean value of forced vital capacity (FVC), the mean values of all other measured spirometric parameters in cotton workers were significantly lower than in office workers. The prevalence of COPD was significantly higher in cotton workers than in office workers (11.4% vs. 2.3%, P = 0,027). COPD in cotton workers was significantly associated with age higher than 45 years and with duration of exposure longer than 20 years.CONCLUSION: Our findings support data about relationship between occupational exposure to organic dust in textile workers and persistent airflow limitation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Hillocks, R. J., and T. H. M. Kibani. "FACTORS AFFECTING THE DISTRIBUTION, INCIDENCE AND SPREAD OF FUSARIUM WILT OF COTTON IN TANZANIA." Experimental Agriculture 38, no. 1 (January 2002): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479702000121.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is the main agricultural export commodity from Tanzania. The most significant disease of the crop is fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum. Phytosanitary measures instituted at the cotton ginneries to prevent the distribution, for planting, of seed infected with the wilt fungus have become difficult to apply since economic liberalization and the entry of the private sector into cotton ginning and lint marketing. Surveys of cotton fields, ginneries and cotton buying posts were conducted in order to determine the factors affecting disease incidence and spread. In affected fields, disease incidence was generally less than 5%. Where it was greater than this, wilt symptoms were associated with root damage caused by the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). At a number of ginneries, herdsmen were allowed to remove seed husks that accumulate at the ginneries as a byproduct of oil extraction. The husks are used as cattle feed and this was identified as a potential source of disease spread. At the buying posts visited, there was no system for separating cotton varieties or for identifying seed cotton purchased from villages infected with fusarium wilt. As a result, seed subsequently distributed for planting is likely to be a source of infection for the spread of this disease. The implications of economic liberalization in the cotton sector are discussed with respect to seed distribution and management of fusarium wilt.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Peres, Natália A. R., Soonho Kim, Howard W. Beck, Nilton L. Souza, and Lavern W. Timmer. "A Fungicide Application Decision (FAD) Support System for Postbloom Fruit Drop of Citrus (PFD)." Plant Health Progress 3, no. 1 (January 2002): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2002-0731-01-rv.

Full text

Abstract:

Surveys were conducted to identify fungi associated with postemergence cotton seedling disease in Missouri. Samples consisted of 10 cotton seedlings, 2 to 3 weeks after emergence, with symptoms of seedling diseases collected from a 0.25 ha area in each of 60 fields in 1997 and 1998. Four genera of fungi were cultured from the roots (Fusarium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, and Thielaviopsis) and three species were identified: Rhizoctonia solani, Thielaviopsis basicola, and Pythiumultimum. Rhizoctonia solani, T. basicola, and P. ultimum were cultured from seedlings in 70%, 47%, and 15% of fields sampled in 1997, respectively, and 55%, 17%, and 5% of fields sampled in 1998, respectively. Repeated tests of pathogenicity confirmed that R. solani AG-4, T. basicola, and P. ultimum were major causal agents of postemergence cotton seedling disease in Missouri. This study provides the first documentation on the distribution and frequency of fungi associated with postemergence seedling disease complex of cotton based on a survey of randomly selected fields. Accepted for publication 10 July 2002. Published 31 July 2002.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Daigle, Pearl Dadd, Karen Kirkby, Damian Collins, Will Cuddy, Peter Lonergan, Sharlene Roser, Piklu Roy Chowdhury, Maurizio Labbate, and Toni A. Chapman. "Virulence not linked with vegetative compatibility groups in Australian cotton Verticillium dahliae isolates." April 2020, no. 14(04):2020 (April 20, 2020): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.04.p2208.

Full text

Abstract:

Verticillium dahliae, the causal agent of Verticillium wilt, is a soil-borne ascomycete that infects numerous agriculturally important crops globally, including cotton. As a billion-dollar industry, cotton is economically important to Australia and the management of disease such as Verticillium wilt is key for the success of the industry. Internationally, defoliating V. dahliae isolates belonging to Vegetative Compatibility Group (VCG) 1A cause severe damage to cotton, while non-defoliating VCG2A isolates result in significantly less disease. However, in Australia, VCG2A is causing more severe damage to crops in the field than the defoliating VCG1A. This study aimed to replicate field observations in controlled greenhouse conditions. We examined and compared disease symptoms on a range of Australian commercial cotton varieties when inoculated with different V. dahliae VCGs. Seedlings were root dipped in conidial suspensions and assessed over seven weeks. The final disease score, disease over time and root length were analysed. Plant mortality resulted from both V. dahliae VCG1A and VCG2A isolates across all cotton varieties used, confirming that there are virulent VCG2A isolates present in Australia. To our knowledge, although virulent on other plant hosts, V. dahliae VCG2A has not previously been reported to be highly virulent in cotton. We infer that virulence cannot be defined solely by VCG in Australian V. dahliae isolates causing disease in cotton.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Saeed, Muhammad, Song Xianliang, Sun Xuezhen, and Muhammad Riaz. "Leaf cuticular wax content is involved in cotton leaf curl virus disease resistance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 16, no. 4 (January 8, 2019): e0705. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2018164-13085.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCuVD) limits cotton production in many cotton growing countries of the world, including Pakistan. In the past, efforts were made to combat this disease by different approaches. Cuticular wax is reported to confer resistance to plants against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Present study was designed to assess the role of cuticular wax content (WC) to resist CLCuVD infestation. The WC of 42 cotton genotypes, originating from various countries (Pakistan, USA, China, etc.), was quantified during two culture periods (2015 & 2016). Cotton germplasm was also scored for % disease index (%DI), seed cotton yield (SCY), number of bolls/plant (NB), and plant height (PHt) for the same culture periods. Significant negative correlation between WC and %DI was found during the two years of experimentation. WC was found positively correlated with SCY and NB. Six cotton genotypes (A-7233, B-557, A-162, BLANCO-3363, CIM-473, and SLH-2010-11) did not show any signs of CLCuVD infestation during both 2015 and 2016. These cotton genotypes contained relatively higher WC. The results from analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that there were significant differences among genotypes for %DI, WC, SCY, NB, and PHt. These results indicated that WC was involved in resisting CLCuVD and it also had positive effect on plant growth and yield potential. On the basis of these findings, it was concluded that cuticular wax could be used as an indirect criterion for distinguishing and selecting resistant/susceptible cotton genotypes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Thiessen, Lindsey D., Tyler Schappe, Marcio Zaccaron, Kassie Conner, Jenny Koebernick, Alana Jacobson, and Anders Huseth. "First Report of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus in Cotton Plants Affected by Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Disease in North Carolina." Plant Disease 104, no. 12 (December 2020): 3275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-20-0335-pdn.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Madasamy, Bhuvaneswari, Paramasivan Balasubramaniam, and Ritaban Dutta. "Microclimate-Based Pest and Disease Management through a Forewarning System for Sustainable Cotton Production." Agriculture 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2020): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10120641.

Full text

Abstract:

Cotton is an essential commercial crop. Unfortunately, this crop is affected by many pests and diseases, which can cause considerable loss in yield. Climate has a strong correlation with the occurrence of pests and diseases in crops. Currently, weather forecasting services are available to the farmers, which help with weather-based planning of farm operations. Still, weather-based pest and disease forewarning services are not available to all the farmers. Unfortunately, cotton cultivation consumes about one-third of total pesticide consumption, which increases the cost of production apart from polluting the environment. An information and communication technology (ICT) based intelligent pest and disease forewarning system for cotton is an innovative system for providing forewarning on pests and diseases. It aims at improving farm productivity through better crop management. In this paper, the proposed method aims to predict the occurrence of pests and diseases based on microclimatic parameters. This pest and disease forewarning information and appropriate crop management practices will be disseminated to the farmers using electronic media through short message service (SMS), the Internet, etc. In this way, both livelihood security and environmental security are achieved. The proposed model shows a higher optimal performance then the two related works in terms of the average root mean square error rate, average accuracy rate, average percentage error rate, and prediction accuracy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Ali, H., G. S. Hussain, S. Hussain, A. N. Shahzad, S. Ahmad, H. M. R. Javeed, and N. Sarwar. "Early Sowing Reduces Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Occurrence and Improves Cotton Productivity." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 47, no. 4 (January 31, 2015): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cerce-2015-0006.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Cotton productivity is severely hampering by various diseases and insect pests especially cotton leaf curl virus (CLCV) worldwide. Losses caused by CLCV are far more than any other factor affecting cotton productivity. Growing of early and resistant genotypes is of vital significance in alleviating the adversities of these pests in crop plants. The current field trial was conducted at Central Cotton Research Institute (CCRI) Multan, Pakistan, to investigate the role of varying sowing dates in managing the CLCV infestation on different elite cotton genotypes. The crop was sown on five different dates i.e. D1= 15th April, D2 = 1st May, D3 = 15th May, D4 = 1st June and D5 = 15th June and three different elite cotton genotypes, i.e. V1= CIM-612, V2 = CIM-591 and V3 = CIM-573 to optimize a suitable sowing date and to screen out high productive and tolerant genotype against the CLCV. Seeds were drilled manually on finely crafted seedbed by using single row hand drill keeping seeding density of 20 kg ha-1 and inter row spacing of 75cm. CLCV severely hampered the crop performance by delayed planting of cotton from 15th April, while increased the chances of disease incidence. It is concluded that early sowing of all tested genotypes especially CIM-592 reduces the problem of CLCV and enhanced cotton productivity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Cotton disease'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles