Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cotton – Heat units and harvest

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Cotton – Heat units and harvest'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cotton – Heat units and harvest"

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Perry, Katharine B., Yihua Wu, Douglas C. Sanders, J. Thomas Garrett, Dennis R. Decoteau, Russell T. Nagata, Robert J. Dufault, K. Dean Batal, Darbie M. Granberry, and Wayne J. Mclaurin. "Heat units to predict tomato harvest in the southeast USA." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 84, no. 3-4 (April 1997): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(96)02361-1.

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PERRY, K., D. SANDERS, D. GRANBERRY, J. THOMASGARRETT, D. DECOTEAU, R. NAGATA, R. DUFAULT, K. DEANBATAL, and W. MCLAURIN. "Heat units, solar radiation and daylength as pepper harvest predictors." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 65, no. 3-4 (August 1993): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(93)90004-2.

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Perry, Katharine B., and Todd C. Wehner. "A Heat Unit Accumulation Method for Predicting Cucumber Harvest Date." HortTechnology 6, no. 1 (January 1996): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.6.1.27.

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The use of a previously developed model for predicting harvest date in cucumber production systems is described. In previous research we developed a new method using daily maximum temperatures in heat units to predict cucumber harvest dates. This method sums, from planting to harvest, the daily maximum minus a base temperature of 60F (15.5 C), but if the maximum is >90F (32C) it is replaced by 90F minus the difference between the maximum and 90F. This method was more accurate than counting days to harvest in predicting cucumber harvest in North Carolina, even when harvest was predicted using 5 years of experience for a particular location and planting date.
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Mahan, James, and Paxton Payton. "Design and Implementation of a Rainfed Matrix for Cotton." Agriculture 8, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8120193.

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Global production of agricultural products must continue to increase if shortages are to be avoided. While irrigated production is substantial since water available for both current and future production is limited, rainfed production will become increasingly important. In-season weather variability results in instability in rainfed production and in order to gain information on the mechanisms involved and their potential mitigation, it is important to monitor production over a range of possible environmental scenarios. We designed and implemented a rain matrix experimental approach for cotton based on a series of sequential plantings coupled with a rain-simulation protocol. The rain matrix in two years produced 56 growing environments with rain and thermal variability and 44 yield:environment comparisons. The yield:rain relationship was not strong (R2 = 0.35) Analysis of heat units over the matrix indicated (1) heat units varied with planting date and (2) heat units were sufficient to achieve maturity. Plantings reached maturity with <1250 heat units and reached maturity before a lethal freeze. The rain matrix design increased the number of yield:environment comparisons in a single year and though it is subject to undefined thermal interactions, may prove useful in understanding rainfed cotton production.
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Gospodinova, Galina, Galina Gospodinova, and Velika Kuneva. "THE EFFICIENCY OF IRRIGATION AND VARIETY ON THE HARVEST RATIO OF THREE COTTON TYPES (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Proceedings of CBU in Natural Sciences and ICT 1 (November 16, 2020): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/pns.v1.114.

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The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of variety and irrigation on three cotton types, and to study the effectiveness of irrigation on the productivity of these cotton types which were fed by different norms of mineral nutrition. To assess the impact of soil humidity and fertilizer amount, we set up a field trial with three varieties of cotton. The field experiment was carried out within the Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria between 2018-2019. A two way factorial ANOVA (with variety and irritation as factors) suggested a significant main effect of irrigation (p< .001). Variety showed the strongest impact on the differences in "flowering" of cotton which were 64% in 2018 and 41% for 2019 respectively. We established an efficiency coefficient (KEF) representing the ratio of the additional harvest and the actual irrigation rate. The KEF of irrigation water varied depending on the cotton varieties and the levels of fertilization. The highest values of KEF were recorded after fertilization by N8 as given by units of cultivar Helius (EF = 0.67). The effect of irrigation, expressed as a harvest per unit of irrigation water considerably varied over years. It was established as a ratio between the irrigation rate and the additional cotton produce. At zero fertilization Helius, each cubic meter of water carried an average 2.24 kilograms of cotton harvest over two years. Optimizing the water supply and fertilizing with N16 provided 2.83 kilograms. On average, the Darmi variety irrigation effect ranged from 0.63 kilograms (N24) to 2.43 kilograms per cubic meter (N16) during the given period.
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Peng, S., D. R. Krieg, and S. K. Hicks. "Cotton lint yield response to accumulated heat units and soil water supply." Field Crops Research 19, no. 4 (January 1989): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(89)90097-x.

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KING, GRAEME A., KATE G. HENDERSON, and ROSS E. LILL. "Shelf-life of stored asparagus is strongly related to post-harvest accumulated heat units." Annals of Applied Biology 112, no. 2 (April 1988): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1988.tb02069.x.

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Wang, Dongwang, Zhenhua Wang, Tingbo Lv, Rui Zong, Yan Zhu, Jinzhu Zhang, and Tianyu Wang. "Effects of drip tape modes on soil hydrothermal conditions and cotton yield (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under machine-harvest patterns." PeerJ 9 (August 23, 2021): e12004. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12004.

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Background The layout of drip tapes under mulch has changed in Xinjiang, China, with the development of machine-harvest cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) planting technology. This study aims to demonstrate the effects of drip tape modes on soil hydrothermal conditions, cotton yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of machine-harvest cotton under mulch in Xinjiang. Methods A field experiment was conducted to set up two machine-harvest cotton planting patterns (T1: the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and six rows; T2: the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows), and a conventional planting mode (T3: the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and four rows) as a control. Results Our results showed that the heat preservation and warming effects of the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and six rows and the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows were better than that of the conventional planting mode. Soil temperature under the mulching film quickly increased and slowly decreased, which was beneficial to the early growth and development of cotton. The mean soil moisture content of the 0–60 cm soil layer in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was significantly higher than the other two treatments at the middle and late stage of cotton growth (90 days after sowing (DAS) and 135 DAS). Moreover, the water holding capacity of the middle and upper part of the tillage layer in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was the best. At the medium cotton growth stage, the main root layer in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows formed a desalination zone. At the late cotton growth stage, the soil salinity content of the 0–60 cm soil layer showed that the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was the lowest, the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and six rows was the highest, and the conventional planting pattern was in the middle. Among these three modes, the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was more efficient in controlling soil salt accumulation. The agronomic traits and cotton quality in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows were better than that for the other two treatments. Compared with the other treatments, the cotton yield in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows increased by 6.15% and 11.0% and 8.1% and 12.3%, in 2017 and 2018, respectively, and WUE increased by 17.4% and 22.7% and 20.9% and 22.8%, in 2017 and 2018 respectively. In conclusion, the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows can be recommended for machine-harvest cotton planting for arid areas in Xinjiang, considering water conservation and improving cotton yield.
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Iqbal, Muhammad, Mueen Alam Khan, and Waqas Shafqat Chattha. "Developing short-season cotton genotypes with high harvest index might be an advantageous option under late duration plantings." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 18, no. 3 (April 27, 2020): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262120000106.

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AbstractShort duration cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar may be more profitable for the growers, as it will have shortened critical growth window for drought, heat and insect pests. Therefore, in the present research work, two cotton advance lines IUB-71 and IUB-73 along with an approved cotton cultivar IUB-13 were tested under four different sowing dates i.e. S1 (25th April), S2 (10th May), S3 (25th May) and S4 (10th June) in 2017 and 2018 under field condition. Field layout was RCBD factorial with four sowing dates as one factor and three cotton genotypes as another factor with three replications. Data were recorded for plant height, total number of nodes, bolls per plant, seed cotton yield (SCY), above ground fresh biomass (AGFB) and harvest index (HI). An overall decreasing trend with increasing sowing dates was observed in all the traits except HI that relatively increased in all the three genotypes. Within each sowing date, a higher value for each trait was observed for genotype IUB-73 except for AGFB might be due to higher reproductive allocation. It is concluded that IUB-73 due to superior SCY and HI specifically under late planting is best fit for short cotton seasons with reduced critical window for cotton management.
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Pasian, C. C., and H. J. Lieth. "785 PB 433 VALIDATION OF A ROSE SHOOT DEVELOPMENTAL MODEL." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 545d—545. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.545d.

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Temperature effects on the rate of flowering rose shoot development were previously modeled using a thermal units (heat units) approach. The current objective was to validate this model for three rose cultivars and to determine its suitability for use in rose production. Flowering shoots of `Cara Mia', `Royalty', and `Sonia' plants, grown in greenhouses at three temperature settings, were observed daily to determine when each of the following developmental events occurred: “harvest”, “bud break”, “unfolding of each leaf”, “visible flower bud”, and “shoot ready for harvest”. Each stage was defined to facilitate accurate, repeatable observations. Average hourly air temperatures were used in computing the accumulated thermal units (TU) required for shoots to develop from from one stage to the next. The base temperature (used in the TU computation) did not differ significantly among the cultivars; the value of 5.2C was used. Using these to predict the days on which the shoot was ready for harvest resulted in ±2 day accuracy for most shoots of `Royalty' and `Sonia' and ±2.5 days accuracy for most `Cara Mia' shoots. This indicates that this method is suitable for timing of rose crops and deciding on temperature set-points.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cotton – Heat units and harvest"

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Fisher, W. D., and E. J. Pegelow. "Heat Units and Stages of Plant Development." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219831.

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Farr, C. R. "Harvesting Progress in 1985." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219812.

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Bynum, Joshua Brian. "Nodes above white flower and heat units as indicators of harvest aid timing." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2283.

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The timing of harvest aid application on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is critical, and poses potential problems when mistimed. The consequences of premature harvest aid application could result in reduced profit to the grower through the need for additional applications, reduced lint yield, poor fiber quality, and/or delayed harvest. A delayed application of harvest aid materials may also reduce lint yield and fiber quality if late season inclement weather patterns are established. Currently, there are many methods utilized for determining application of harvest aid materials. One method utilizes accumulated heat units, or growing degree days (HU or DD60??s), following plant physiological maturity. Physiological maturity (cutout) is identified as nodes above white flower equals 5 (NAWF=5). This method triggers the application of harvest aid chemicals when 850 HU have been accumulated beyond cutout. Due to differing environmental and edaphic characteristics across the Cotton Belt, application of harvest aid chemicals at this time may be premature in terms of optimizing lint yield and fiber quality. A two-year study was established to determine the proper timing of harvest aid application for picker harvested cotton in south central Texas. The design utilized a split-plot with four replications. The main plots consisted of three nodal positions(NAWF=3, 4, and 5), and the subplots were five HU accumulations (650, 750, 850, 950, and 1050) that corresponded to each of the nodal positions. In both years, lint yields increased with an increase in HU accumulation. Greater yields were achieved when HU accumulation was initiated after NAWF = 4. This two-year study indicates that harvest aid applications made at NAWF = 4 plus 1050 HU would optimize yield potential for picker harvested cotton in south central Texas.
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Fromme, Daniel D. "Effect of an upper temperature threshold on heat unit calculations, defoliation timing, lint yield, and fiber quality in cotton." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1410.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cotton – Heat units and harvest"

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I. Kanaan, Amenah, and Ahmed M.A. Sabaawi. "Implantable Wireless Systems: A Review of Potentials and Challenges." In Antenna Systems [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99064.

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With the current advancement in micro-and nano-fabrication processes and the newly developed approaches, wireless implantable devices are now able to meet the demand for compact, self-powered, wireless, and long-lasting implantable devices for medical and health-care applications. The demonstrated fabrication advancement enabled the wireless implantable devices to overcome the previous limitations of electromagnetic-based wireless devices such as the high volume due to large antenna size and to overcome the tissue and bone losses related to the ultrasound implantable devices. Recent state-of-the-are wireless implantable devices can efficiently harvest electromagnetic energy and detect RF signals with minimum losses. Most of the current implanted devices are powered by batteries, which is not an ideal solution as these batteries need periodic charging and replacement. On the other hand, the implantable devices that are powered by energy harvesters are operating continuously, patient-friendly, and are easy to use. Future wireless implantable devices face a strong demand to be linked with IoT-based applications and devices with data visualization on mobile devices. This type of application requires additional units, which means more power consumption. Thus, the challenge here is to reduce the overall power consumption and increase the wireless power transfer efficiency. This chapter presents the state-of-the-art wireless power transfer techniques and approaches that are used to drive implantable devices. These techniques include inductive coupling, radiofrequency, ultrasonic, photovoltaic, and heat. The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches and techniques along with the challenges and limitations of each technique will be discussed. Furthermore, the performance parameters such as operating distance, energy harvesting efficiency, and size will be discussed and analyzed to introduce a comprehensive comparison. Finally, the recent advances in materials development and wireless communication strategies, are also discussed.
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"allies and the military) had not only large landholdings, but also direct control over strategic elements of the 'circuit of agrarian capital' such as agroindustry, processing facilities, foreign trade, manufacturing and all the banks. The monopolistic control not only excluded direct participation by foreign firms but also reduced the rest of the bourgeoisie to a subordinate position. Above all, the monopoly in banking (which provided virtually all the working capital for export agriculture in the form of annual loans backed by pre-export credits from foreign banks, preserving classical monetary stability) [FitzGerald, 1985c] gave the Somoza group indirect control over commercial farmers, directing their production decisions and siphoning off much of the investible surplus. In a country with a high cultivable land to population ratio (two hectares per head) and a social structure which guaranteed labour availability, the scarce resource was credit, especially in export agriculture which requires considerable working capital for inputs and the harvest wagefund. Agroex-ports in 1976 used 47 per cent of the cultivated area but received 75 per cent of the credit; most of the rest went to the two modernised foodgrains, rice and sorghum [IFAD, 1981], As we shall see, this inherited model has had a profound effect upon the particular form of 'mixed economy' in agriculture that has been adopted in this transitional stage. The resulting land tenure pattern is indicated in Table 1. In 1978, the large (over 500 mz) units included 36 per cent of the farmed area, of which about one-half was the property of the Somoza group. This was con-centrated predominantly in agroexport production of sugar, cotton, coffee and cattle. The medium and small farmers (50-500 mz) included some 46 per cent of the land, using a lower technology and with a balance of food and export crops. The peasantry proper had only 18 per cent of the land, predominantly in foodcrops, much of this of a subsistence nature. The data." In The Agrarian Question in Socialist Transitions, 216–22. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203043493-37.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cotton – Heat units and harvest"

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Dell, Robert, Michael Thomas Petralia, Ashish Pokharel, and Runar Unnthorsson. "Open Field Heating of Green Roofs and Small Arable Land Plots Using Waste Steam and Hot Water From Geothermal, Municipal and COGEN Sources to Enhance Plant Growth." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-12252.

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Abstract The authors have been developing and testing an enhanced system of heated ground agriculture that uses buried plastic pipes to cool waste hot water and steam from municipal, CHP, and geothermal sources. The average heat dissipation rate is 3.3 kW of heat per square meter in test beds under 50 square meters. Plant data indicates increased yields of up to 20% and the successful small harvest of cultivars in outdoor settings that are only native to warmer climates. A heated green roof in New York City produced a small cotton harvest and January pansies. In 2018 a small harvest of non-indigenous oregano and turnips was commercially test marketed in Iceland. Test results indicate that a larger scale study to determine economic viability is warranted.
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Hays, A., E. Borquist, D. Bailey, D. Wood, and L. Weiss. "Small-Scale Thermal Energy Storage With Capillary Conductivity Enhancement." In ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2016-59582.

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Thermal energy is a leading topic of discussion in energy conservation and environmental fields. Specifically for large-scale applications solar energy and concentrated solar power (CSP) systems use techniques that include thermal energy storage systems and phase change materials to harvest energy. However, on the smaller centimeter scale, there have been historically fewer investigations of these same techniques. The main goal of this paper is to investigate thermal energy storage (TES) as applied to a small scale system for thermal energy capture. Typical large-scale TES consists of a phase change material that usually employs a wax or oil medium held within a conductive container. The system stores the energy when the wax medium undergoes a phase change. In typical applications like buildings, the system absorbs and stores incoming thermal energy during the day, and releases it back to the surrounding environment as temperatures cool at night. This paper presents a new TES unit designed to integrate with a thermoelectric for energy harvesting application in small, cm-scale applications. In this manner, the TES serves as a thermal battery and source for the thermoelectric, even when originating power supply is interrupted. A unique feature of this TES is the inclusion of internal heat pipes. These heat pipes are fabricated from copper tubing and filled with working fluid, mounted vertically, and immersed in the wax medium of the TES. This transfers heat to the wax by means of thermal conductivity enhancement as an element of the heat pipe operation. This represents a first of its kind in this small-scale, thermal harvesting application. As tested, the TES rests atop a low temperature (60 °C) heat source with a heat sink as the final setup component. The heat sink serves to simulate thermal energy rejection to a future thermoelectric device. To measure the temperature change of the device, thermocouples are placed on either side of the TES, and a third placed on the heat source to ensure that the energy input is appropriate and constant. Heat flux sensors (HFS) are placed between the heat source and the TES and between the TES and heat sink to monitor heat transferred to and from the device. The TES is tested in a variety constructions as part of this effort. Basic design of the storage volume as well as fluid fill levels within the heat pipes are considered. Varying thermal energy inputs are also studied. Temperature and heat flux data are compared to show the thermal absorption capability and operating average thermal conductivities of the TES units. The baseline average thermal conductivity of the TES is approximately 0.5 W/mK. This represents the TES with wax alone filling the internal volume. Results indicate a fully functional, heat pipe TES capable of 8.23 W/mK.
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