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Journal articles on the topic 'Cottonwood leaf beetle'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Coyle, David R., Joel D. Mcmillin, Richard B. Hall, and Elwood R. Hart. "Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larval Performance on EightPopulusClones." Environmental Entomology 30, no. 4 (2001): 748–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-30.4.748.

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2

Bauer, Leah S., Joann Meerschaert, and O. Thomas Forrester. "An Artificial Diet for Cottonwood and Imported Willow Leaf Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and Comparative Performance on Poplar Foliage2." Journal of Entomological Science 25, no. 3 (1990): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-25.3.475.

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An artificial diet was developed for laboratory rearing of the cottonwood leaf beetle, Chrysomela scripta F., and the imported willow leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting). To reduce microbial contamination of the media, procedures were developed for separating egg masses and sterilizing egg surfaces. Cottonwood leaf beetle larvae reared from neonate to adult on this artificial diet had greater mortality, took longer to develop, and were smaller than larvae reared on fresh poplar foliage. Adult longevity was similar for both diet-and foliage-reared larvae. Survival and adult fresh weight of imported willow leaf beetle larvae reared on the artificial diet were similar to those of cohorts reared on fresh poplar foliage. However, individuals reared on artificial diet took longer to develop and produced shorter-lived adults than cohorts reared on foliage. Larvae of both species would not eat fresh foliage after being fed on the artificial diet. Adults of both species maintianed on the artificial diet laid few eggs but resumed normal oviposition when fed fresh foliage. This artificial diet proved useful for rearing larvae and maintaining adults during periods when fresh foliage was limited.

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3

Coleman, James S., and Clive G. Jones. "Plant stress and insect performance: cottonwood, ozone and a leaf beetle." Oecologia 76, no. 1 (1988): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00379600.

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4

Fang, Ying, and Elwood R. Hart. "Effect of Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larval Population Levels onPopulusTerminal Damage." Environmental Entomology 29, no. 1 (2000): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-29.1.43.

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5

Krafsur, E. S., J. Vos, P. Nariboli, and G. Marquez. "Gene diversity at allozyme loci in the cottonwood leaf beetle,Chrysomela scripta." Biochemical Genetics 33, no. 3-4 (1995): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00557946.

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6

Kang, H., R. B. Hall, S. A. Heuchelin, H. S. McNabb, Jr., C. W. Mize, and E. R. Hart. "Transgenic Populus: in vitro screening for resistance to cottonwood leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 27, no. 6 (1997): 943–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x97-027.

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7

Coyle, David R., Joel D. McMillin, Richard B. Hall, and Elwood R. Hart. "Effects of Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larval Defoliation, Clone, and Season onPopulusFoliar Phagostimulants." Environmental Entomology 32, no. 3 (2003): 452–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-32.3.452.

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8

Bauer, Leah S. "Response of the Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego." Environmental Entomology 19, no. 2 (1990): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/19.2.428.

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9

James, R. R., and G. Newcombe. "Defoliation patterns and genetics of insect resistance in cottonwoods." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, no. 1 (2000): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x99-192.

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In 1995, an outbreak of a leaf beetle, Phratora californica Brown (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), began in a three-generation Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray × Populus deltoides Bartr. pedigree planting near the lower Columbia River in Oregon. This outbreak provided us with an opportunity to assess leaf beetle feeding patterns and the genetics of cottonwood resistance to defoliation. We developed a method for estimating damage levels by training personnel to visually estimate percent damage in leaf samples. Digital image analysis was used to measure damage to the leaves used in the training. Based on a sample of 300 trees from 100 genotypes, herbivory was found to be greatest in the upper canopy and in the fall. Broad-sense heritability was estimated to be 0.88 and 0.80 for July and October, respectively, demonstrating that resistance to P. californica is under relatively strong genetic control. Resistance in the F2 likely came from the P. trichocarpa parent, because this parent was less susceptible, on average, than the P. deltoides parent. However, the difference between parents was not great, and any further genetic analysis of resistance to Phratora californica should employ crosses between individuals with more strongly contrasting phenotypes.

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10

ANDERSEN, DOUGLAS C., and S. MARK NELSON. "Effects of Cottonwood Leaf Beetle Chrysomela scripta (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Survival and Growth of Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii) in Northwest Colorado." American Midland Naturalist 147, no. 2 (2002): 189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2002)147[0189:eoclbc]2.0.co;2.

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11

Tenczar, Emily G., and Vera A. Krischik. "Management of Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with a Novel Transplant Soak and Biorational Insecticides to Conserve Coccinellid Beetles." Journal of Economic Entomology 99, no. 1 (2006): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/99.1.102.

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12

James, R. R., B. A. Croft, and S. H. Strauss. "Susceptibility of the Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to Different Strains and Transgenic Toxins ofBacillus thuringiensis." Environmental Entomology 28, no. 1 (1999): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/28.1.108.

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13

Donaldson, Jack R., and Richard L. Lindroth. "Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Performance in Relation to Variable Phytochemistry in Juvenile Aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichx.)." Environmental Entomology 33, no. 5 (2004): 1505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-33.5.1505.

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14

Bauer, Leah S., and H. Stuart Pankratz. "Ultrastructural effects of Bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego on midgut cells of the cottonwood leaf beetle." Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 60, no. 1 (1992): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2011(92)90148-w.

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15

BAUER, LEAH S., and H. STUART PANKRATZ. "Nosema scripta N. Sp. (Microsporida: Nosematidae), A Microsporidian Parasite of the Cottonwood Leaf Beetle, Chrysomela scripta (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 40, no. 2 (1993): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1993.tb04893.x.

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16

Fang, Ying, Larry P. Pedigo, Joe P. Colletti, and Elwood R. Hart. "Economic Injury Level for Second-Generation Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Two-Year-Old Populus." Journal of Economic Entomology 95, no. 2 (2002): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-95.2.313.

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17

Coyle, David R., Elwood R. Hart, Joel D. McMillin, Lita C. Rule, and Richard B. Hall. "Effects of repeated cottonwood leaf beetle defoliation on Populus growth and economic value over an 8-year harvest rotation." Forest Ecology and Management 255, no. 8-9 (2008): 3365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.02.023.

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18

Federici, Brian A., and Leah S. Bauer. "Cyt1Aa Protein of Bacillus thuringiensisIs Toxic to the Cottonwood Leaf Beetle, Chrysomela scripta, and Suppresses High Levels of Resistance to Cry3Aa." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 11 (1998): 4368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.11.4368-4371.1998.

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ABSTRACT The insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis is due primarily to Cry and Cyt proteins. Cry proteins are typically toxic to lepidopterous, coleopterous, or dipterous insects, whereas the known toxicity of Cyt proteins is limited to dipterans. We report here that a Cyt protein, Cyt1Aa, is also highly toxic to the cottonwood leaf beetle, Chrysomela scripta, with a median lethal concentration of 2.5 ng/mm2 of leaf surface for second-instar larvae. Additionally, we show that Cyt1Aa suppresses resistance to Cry3Aa greater than 5,000-fold in C. scripta, a level only partially overcome by Cry1Ba due to cross-resistance. Studies of the histopathology of C. scripta larvae treated with Cyt1Aa revealed disruption and sloughing of midgut epithelial cells, indicating that its mechanism of action against C. scripta is similar to that observed in mosquito and blackfly larvae. These novel properties suggest that Cyt proteins may have an even broader spectrum of activity against insects and, owing to their different mechanism of action in comparison to Cry proteins, might be useful in managing resistance to Cry3 and possibly other Cry toxins used in microbial insecticides and transgenic plants.

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19

Coyle, David R., Joel D. McMillin, Richard B. Hall, and Elwood R. Hart. "Cottonwood leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) defoliation impact on Populus growth and above-ground volume in a short-rotation woody crop plantation." Agricultural and Forest Entomology 4, no. 4 (2002): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-9563.2002.00149.x.

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20

Park, Hyun-Woo, Baoxue Ge, Leah S. Bauer, and Brian A. Federici. "Optimization of Cry3A Yields in Bacillus thuringiensis by Use of Sporulation-Dependent Promoters in Combination with the STAB-SD mRNA Sequence." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 10 (1998): 3932–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.10.3932-3938.1998.

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ABSTRACT The insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensisstrains toxic to coleopterous insects is due to Cry3 proteins assembled into small rectangular crystals. Toxin synthesis in these strains is dependent primarily upon a promoter that is active in the stationary phase and a STAB-SD sequence that stabilizes the cry3transcript-ribosome complex. Here we show that significantly higher yields of Cry3A can be obtained by using dual sporulation-dependentcyt1Aa promoters to drive the expression ofcry3Aa when the STAB-SD sequence is included in the construct. The Cry3A yield per unit of culture medium obtained with this expression system was 12.7-fold greater than that produced by DSM 2803, the wild-type strain of B. thuringiensis from which Cry3Aa was originally described, and 1.4-fold greater than that produced by NB176, a mutant of the same strain containing two or three copies ofcry3Aa, which is the active ingredient of the commercial product Novodor, used for control of beetle pests. The toxicities of Cry3A produced with this construct or the wild-type strain were similar when assayed against larvae of the cottonwood leaf beetle,Chrysomela scripta. The volume of Cry3A crystals produced with cyt1Aa promoters and the STAB-SD sequence was 1.3-fold that of typical bipyramidal Cry1 crystals toxic to lepidopterous insects. The dual-promoter/STAB-SD system offers an additional method for potentially improving the efficacy of insecticides based onB. thuringiensis.

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21

Coyle, David R., Joel D. McMillin, Steven C. Krause, and Elwood R. Hart. "Laboratory and Field Evaluations of Two Bacillus thuringiensis Formulations, Novodor and Raven, for Control of Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 93, no. 3 (2000): 713–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-93.3.713.

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22

Lackus, Nathalie D., Axel Schmidt, Jonathan Gershenzon та Tobias G. Köllner. "A peroxisomal β-oxidative pathway contributes to the formation of C6–C1 aromatic volatiles in poplar". Plant Physiology 186, № 2 (2021): 891–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab111.

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Abstract Benzenoids (C6–C1 aromatic compounds) play important roles in plant defense and are often produced upon herbivory. Black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) produces a variety of volatile and nonvolatile benzenoids involved in various defense responses. However, their biosynthesis in poplar is mainly unresolved. We showed feeding of the poplar leaf beetle (Chrysomela populi) on P. trichocarpa leaves led to increased emission of the benzenoid volatiles benzaldehyde, benzylalcohol, and benzyl benzoate. The accumulation of salicinoids, a group of nonvolatile phenolic defense glycosides composed in part of benzenoid units, was hardly affected by beetle herbivory. In planta labeling experiments revealed that volatile and nonvolatile poplar benzenoids are produced from cinnamic acid (C6–C3). The biosynthesis of C6–C1 aromatic compounds from cinnamic acid has been described in petunia (Petunia hybrida) flowers where the pathway includes a peroxisomal-localized chain shortening sequence, involving cinnamate-CoA ligase (CNL), cinnamoyl-CoA hydratase/dehydrogenase (CHD), and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (KAT). Sequence and phylogenetic analysis enabled the identification of small CNL, CHD, and KAT gene families in P. trichocarpa. Heterologous expression of the candidate genes in Escherichia coli and characterization of purified proteins in vitro revealed enzymatic activities similar to those described in petunia flowers. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of the CNL subfamily in gray poplar (Populus x canescens) resulted in decreased emission of C6–C1 aromatic volatiles upon herbivory, while constitutively accumulating salicinoids were not affected. This indicates the peroxisomal β-oxidative pathway participates in the formation of volatile benzenoids. The chain shortening steps for salicinoids, however, likely employ an alternative pathway.

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23

Tenczar, E. G., and V. A. Krischik. "Comparison of Standard (Granular and Drench) and Novel (Tablet, Stick Soak, and Root Dip) Imidacloprid Treatments for Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Management on Hybrid Poplar." Journal of Economic Entomology 100, no. 5 (2007): 1611–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/100.5.1611.

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24

Colletti, J. P., R. C. Schultz, C. W. Mize, R. B. Hall, and C. J. Twarok. "An Iowa Demonstration of Agroforestry: Short-Rotation Woody Crops." Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 3 (1991): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67258-3.

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Results of a "wood-for-energy" demonstration and research study are presented. Three short-rotation woody crop (SRWC) systems were planted in 1986 on an old agriculture field. One system has a one-year rotation and a 0.3 × 0.3 m spacing. The second has a 3-5 year rotation and a 1.8 × 0.9 m spacing, and the last has a 7-10 year rotation and a 1.8 × 1.8 m spacing. Three different Populus clones and sliver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) were used for the systems. All plantings, except the annual system, were 0.2 ha in size. Site preparation included discing, rototilling, and application of pre-emergent herbicides. Planting was done with a conventional single row tree planter, with the exception of the wood grass, which was hand planted. Early growth and yield varied by system and were affected by severe drought conditions in 1988 and 1989. Average height and diameter growth for the first three years were significantly greater for the two Populus clones than for the silver maple. For the annually harvested 0.3 × 0.3 m system, the average yields were 7.2, 9.2, 9.4, and 6.6 dry metric tons per ha (dmt ha−1 yr−1) from 1986 to 1989. Populus clones NC-5326 and NC-5328 in the 1.8 × 0.9 m system produced similar yields since establishment in 1986. After the first four growing seasons, there was a moderate difference in growth and yield between the Populus clones in the 1.8 × 1.8 m system. The NC-5326 produced 50% more than NC-5328. The annual system was costly to establish, with costs exceeding $7,069 ha−1 The 1986 establishment costs were $1,648 ha−1 or the Populus clones and $1,665 ha−1 for silver maple, both included in the 1.8 × 0.9 m system. In comparison, a 1987 planting of this system had a 18% reduction in costs. The 1986 establishment costs for the 18 × 1 8 m system were $1,023 ha−1for the Populus clones and $1,038 ha−1for silver maple, with a 23% cost savings in a 1987 planting. Pest problems were limited to a cottonwood leaf beetle infestation in the summer of 1987, which was easily controlled with a pesticide. Early growth and yields are encouraging given the severe drought conditions of 1988 and 1989. Moreover, the cost reductions from subsequent plantings (1987) indicate a trend towards cost-efficient short-rotation woody crop systems producing biomass for energy in the Iowa agricultural landscape.

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25

Bingaman, Barbara R., and Elwood R. Hart. "Feeding and Oviposition Preferences of Adult Cottonwood Leaf Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Among Populus Clones and Leaf Age Classes." Environmental Entomology 21, no. 3 (1992): 508–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/21.3.508.

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26

Kendrick, Alexander P., and Kenneth F. Raffa. "Sources of Insect and Plant Volatiles Attractive to Cottonwood Leaf Beetles Feeding on Hybrid Poplar." Journal of Chemical Ecology 32, no. 12 (2006): 2585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-006-9184-y.

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