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1
Cousteix, Jean, and Jacques Mauss. Analyse asymptotique et couche limite. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-34016-5.
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Lloyd, Caroline. The limits of possibility: A critical review of C. Couch, D. Finegold and M. Sako "Are skills the answer? The political economy of skill creation in advanced industrial societies". [Coventry]: [SKOPE], 2000.
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San Francisco (Calif.). Office of the Controller. Audits Division. Concession audit report: Cathay Pacific Airways Limited, December 1, 1998 through June 30, 2000. San Francisco: Office of the Controller, 2000.
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Paliy, Irina. Probability theory and mathematical statistics. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1065828.
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The tutorial is an introductory course in probability theory and mathematical statistics. Elements of combinatorics, basic concepts and theorems of probability theory, discrete random variables, continuous random variables, some limit theorems, one-dimensional and two-dimensional samples, point and interval estimation of parameters of the general population, testing of statistical hypotheses, elements of queuing theory are considered. The presentation of the theoretical material is accompanied by a large number of detailed examples of problem solving. For students of technical and economic fields of study and specialties, studying under the bachelor's and specialty programs.
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Zhukova, Galina, and Margarita Rushaylo. The mathematical analysis. Volume 1. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1072169.
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The aim of the tutorial is to help students to master the basic concepts and methods of the study of calculus. Volume 1 explores the following topics: theory of sets, theory of limits; differential calculus of functions of one variable; investigation of the properties of functions and graphing; integral calculus of functions of one real variable (indefinite, definite and improper integrals), the technique of integration; hyperbolic functions; applications to the analysis and solution of practical problems. These topics are studied in universities, as a rule, in the first semester in the framework of self-discipline "Mathematical analysis" or the course "Higher mathematics", "Mathematics".
Great attention is paid to comparison of these methods, the proper choice of study design tasks, analyze complex situations that arise in the study of these branches of mathematical analysis.
For teachers, students and postgraduate students studying mathematical analysis.
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Analyse asymptotique et couche limite (Mathématiques et Applications). Springer, 2006.
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Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. Fluid Dynamics Panel., ed. Turbulent boundary layers in subsonic and supersonic flow =: Les couches limites dans les ecoulements subsoniques et supersoniques. Neuilly-sur-Seine: Agard, 1996.
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Jean-Paul, Dussauge, Saric W. S, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. Fluid Dynamics Panel., eds. Turbulent boundary layers in subsonic and supersonic flow =: Les couches limites turbulentes dans les écoulements subsoniques et supersoniques. Neuilly-sur-Seine: AGARD, 1996.
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Machery, Edouard. Postscript. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807520.003.0009.
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Debates about the limits of philosophical knowledge go way back, and philosophers fall roughly into two distinct traditions. Some, like Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, and Leibniz, are optimistic about the reach of philosophizing; others, like Hume, Dewey, and James, incline toward thinking that philosophical knowledge is limited and emphasize the critical role of philosophy: On their view, philosophy corrects erroneous, empty, or misleading ideas. Each tradition is of course quite diverse, but each is also unified by its optimism or pessimism about philosophical knowledge. ...
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Jónsson, Jóhannes Gísli, and Thórhallur Eythórsson, eds. Syntactic Features and the Limits of Syntactic Change. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832584.001.0001.
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This volume brings together the latest diachronic research on syntactic features and their role in restricting syntactic change. The chapters address a central theoretical issue in diachronic syntax: whether syntactic variation can always be attributed to differences in the features of items in the lexicon, as the Borer-Chomsky conjecture proposes. In answering this question, all the chapters develop analyses of syntactic change couched within a formalist framework in which rich hierarchical structures and abstract features of various kinds play an important role. The first three parts of the volume explore the different domains of the clause, namely the C-domain, the T-domain and the νP/VP-domain respectively, while chapters in the final part are concerned with establishing methodology in diachronic syntax and modelling linguistic correspondences. The contributors draw on extensive data from a large number of languages and dialects, including several that have received little attention in the literature on diachronic syntax, such as Romeyka, a Greek variety spoken in Turkey, and Middle Low German, previously spoken in northern Germany. Other languages are explored from a fresh theoretical perspective, including Hungarian, Icelandic, and Austronesian languages. The volume sheds light not only on specific syntactic changes from a cross-linguistic perspective but also on broader issues in language change and linguistic theory.
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Gottfredson, Michael, and Travis Hirschi. Modern Control Theory and the Limits of Criminal Justice. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190069797.001.0001.
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Modern Control Theory and the Limits of Criminal Justice updates and extends the authors’ classic general theory of crime (sometimes referred to as “self-control theory”). In Part I, contemporary evidence about the theory is summarized. Research from criminology, psychology, economics, education, and public health substantially supports the lifelong influence of self control as a significant cause of problem behaviors, including delinquency and crime, substance abuse, school problems, many forms of accidents, employment instability, and many poor health outcomes. Contemporary evidence is supportive of the theory’s focus on early socialization for creation of higher levels of self control and other dimensions of the theory, including the roles of self control, age and the generality or versatility of problem behaviors, as well as the connections between self control and later teen and adult problem behaviors. The book provides methodological assessments of research on the theory, contrasting the control theory perspective with other developmental perspectives in criminology. The role of opportunity, the relationship between self and social control theory, and the role of motivation are addressed. In Part II, control theory is taken to be a valid theory and is used to explore the role of criminal sanctions, especially policing and prisons, and policies about immigration, as methods to impact crime. Modern control theory provides an explanation for the general lack of effectiveness of formal, state sanctions on crime and instead provides substantial justification for prevention of delinquency and crime by a focus on childhood. The theory effectively demonstrates the limits of criminal sanctions and the connection between higher levels of self control and positive life-course outcomes.
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Petrie, Malcolm. Radicalism and Respectability in Working-class Political Culture. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474425612.003.0003.
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Class, for some on the radical left, and especially those in the Communist Party, was not just an economic identity. It was also one earned through conduct, particularly a commitment to political activism, sobriety and self-improvement. This was, of course, a culture that had always enjoyed a limited appeal; during the inter-war period, however, this appeal was restricted further by the rise of mass democracy, which undermined the necessary sense of political exclusion. This chapter charts the social and cultural limits of Communism in Scotland, exploring the Party’s appeal by focusing on the criminal trials of activists charged with sedition, the role played by religion and gender within the Party, and the changing nature of independent working-class education, especially within the labour college movement, during the 1920s and 1930s.
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Webb, Thomas. Ellen Street Estates, Limited v Minister of Health [1934] 1 KB 590, Court of Appeal. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780191842832.003.0012.
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Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Ellen Street Estates, Limited v Minister of Health [1934] 1 KB 590, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
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Fernandes, Sujatha. Out of the Home, into the House. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190618049.003.0004.
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This chapter examines how curated storytelling in legislative advocacy campaigns redirected migrant domestic workers away from oppositional strategies. During the campaign for a Domestic Workers Bill of Rights in New York State, storytelling at the legislature and in the media helped to draw mainstream attention to the plight of domestic workers but also truncated larger political possibilities. Domestic worker stories were publicly disseminated through limiting media tropes, they were reframed using hegemonic myths in legislative debates, and they were couched in the language of Hollywood narratives. These stories were severed from the root causes of injustice and from strategies to address these causes. Over the course of the Bill of Rights campaign, the heavy involvement of advocacy networks and foundations in shaping the strategies and narratives employed by the groups ultimately narrowed the goals of the movement and resulted in limited changes for migrant domestic workers.
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Sahetya, Sarina. Acute Uncomplicated Bronchitis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0029.
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Acute bronchitis is a respiratory illness characterized predominantly by cough with or without sputum production that lasts for up to 3 weeks in the presence of normal chest radiography. Additional presenting symptoms include rhinorrhea, congestion, sneeze, sore throat, wheezing, low-grade fever, myalgia, and fatigue. Causative organisms include viral and bacterial pathogens. The disease course is characterized by self-limited inflammation of the airways. Chest radiographs should be utilized to distinguish acute bronchitis from pneumonia or interstitial disease. Therapeutic recommendations are typically supportive; however, studies reveal that between 60% and 80% of patients receive unwarranted antibiotic therapy. Only those patients at high risk for serious complications (including patients over 65 with a history of hospitalization, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, or current use of oral glucocorticoids) usually require routine antibiotic therapy directed toward both typical and atypical bacterial pathogens.
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Triana, Yago Quiñones. A sociedade exponencial: Ensaio sobre o fim da humanidade. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-509-5.
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We live today in the Exponential Society. It has arrived already, we are part of it and it brings us several challenges as a species. Including that of not extinguishing us. We must and can make the Exponential Society not the last type of human society on our planet. Human activities have been experiencing an extraordinary acceleration relatively recently: production, consumption, population, pollution, indiscriminate use of water are growing exponentially. This means that this growth is not only continuous and constant, but that the rates of such growth are drastically increasing. In addition to the fact that not all of these processes are positive – pollution for example – there is a limit that we cannot forget: our planet. Here is a basic and dramatic contradiction: how can a species that tends to grow limitlessly survive if it basically depends on limited resources? The risks of the Exponential Society are among us, and the threats increase, of course, exponentially as well. Current ecological responses, sustainable initiatives such as recycling, do not offer fundamental changes if the logic that sustains the Exponential Society does not change. But, even if the situation seems inexorable, the change of course is not necessarily in the hands of the powerful or in the global decision-making centers. We are all part of the Exponential Society and that is why we have an impact on it. Transforming it is a matter of conscience, number and will.
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Carrero, Juan Jesús, Hong Xu, and Bengt Lindholm. Diet and the progression of chronic kidney disease. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0101.
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The dietary management of non-dialysed CKD patients has focused on limiting the intake of substances which lead to accumulation of urea, potassium, phosphorus, and sodium. Recent advances in nutritional epidemiology have given us the opportunity to examine the relationships between diet and CKD. This chapter focuses on evidence relating to retarding progression of renal impairment in the early to mid stages of CKD. Limits may need to change if GFR falls. The hypothesis that a high dietary protein intake leads to progressive CKD through a mechanism of glomerular hyperfiltration has been taught for decades, and it appears effective in animals. However, the evidence that low-protein diets (LPDs) halt CKD progression in patients is weak. Their management is of course likely to include other interventions such as blood pressure control. There is risk to low-protein diets. There is some evidence that high protein intakes are harmful. We therefore recommend moderate protein intake (not low; not high – no protein supplements; around 1g/kg/day). Salt handling is impaired in most patients with CKD, probably even early stages, and hypertension is an early feature, except in salt-losing patients, to whom different rules apply. Salt intake tends to raise blood pressure, worsen proteinuria, and reduce the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors on blood pressure and proteinuria. Very low salt intakes are difficult to comply with and limit diet. In early stages of CKD we therefore recommend restriction to moderately low levels (below 6g/day of salt; 100 mmol of sodium). Lower levels may have additional benefits, and these limits may need to be reduced as GFR declines. Potassium is associated with healthy, desirable foods such as fruit and vegetables. It should only be restricted if high serum values make this necessary.
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Ferstman, Carla. Adjudication before Regional and International Courts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808442.003.0007.
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International and regional courts provide a degree of oversight over the conduct of international organizations. In some instances, these courts have played an important, albeit indirect role in assessing the validity of international organization conduct in the course of proceedings against States, which has had a modest influence on the procedures of universal international organizations. Regional courts have also played an important role in assessing the acts of regional integration organizations, although the limited personal and subject matter jurisdiction of many of such courts has limited their capacity to adjudicate claims concerning organizations’ human rights and international humanitarian law breaches. There is no international court with a mandate to adjudicate claims brought by individuals concerning the acts of international organizations.
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Hemerijck, Anton. Social Investment and Its Critics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790488.003.0001.
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The introduction to the volume surveys the emergence, diffusion, limits, merits, and politics of social investment as an ‘emerging’ welfare policy paradigm for the knowledge-based economy. After revisiting its intellectual roots, the chapter surveys the criticisms that are levelled against the social investment perspective in the academic literature. Provoked by critics, and also the growing evidence of social investment headway and theoretical progress, the chapter subsequently develops a multidimensional life-course taxonomy of three complementary social investment functions: (1) easing the ‘flow’ of contemporary labour-market and life-course transitions; (2) raising the quality of the ‘stock’ of human capital and capabilities; and (3) maintaining strong minimum-income universal safety nets as income protection and economic stabilization ‘buffers’, as a heuristic template for analysing the interdependent character of social investment policy reform through the lens of the life-course contingencies of the knowledge economy and modern family demography.
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Kumar, Rajiv. The Private Sector. Edited by David M. Malone, C. Raja Mohan, and Srinath Raghavan. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198743538.013.18.
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This chapter examines the role of the Indian private sector in shaping the country’s foreign policy. It argues that the private sector has limited experience and capacity to influence the course of foreign policy. Barring certain areas such as Information Technology and IT enabled services, the private sector has not impacted much on India’s engagement with other countries and international institutions. Although the private sector plays an increasing role in Track II initiatives, its role in shaping policy remains limited. The chapter analyses the reasons for this and contends that the private sector needs to enhance its own capacity before it call pull its weight on matters of foreign policy. In any event, as India’s economy integrates ever more deeply with the global economy, the Indian private sector will play an increasingly important role in framing and enabling India’s external relations.
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Houen, Alex, and Jan-Melissa Schramm. Afterword. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806516.003.0017.
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In trying to understand why ‘nation-ness is the most universally legitimate value in the political life of our time’, Benedict Anderson stresses the importance of the role played by the human imagination—both individual and collective.1 As literacy rose across the course of the long nineteenth century, acts of reading—of newspapers, novels, and poetry—took place contemporaneously within its borders, creating among citizens a shared idea of a political community understood as both ‘inherently limited and sovereign’. Anderson observes:...
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MacKenzie, Judith-Anne. 28. The family home. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198748373.003.0028.
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Course-focused and comprehensive, the Textbook on series provide an accessible overview of the key areas on the law curriculum. This chapter brings together some matters about the family home, and provides additional information about certain statutory rights which members of a family may have in respect of their homes, contrasting the rights of married couples and civil partners with the more limited rights of cohabitants. In conclusion, the chapter outlines proposals for reform of the law relating to cohabitants’ rights in the family home.
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Robin, Adam M., and Steven N. Kalkanis. Brain Metastases. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0010.
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A significant percentage of patients with systemic cancer will develop brain metastasis at some point in the course of their disease. Brain metastases should be suspected if patients with known cancer histories present with new neurologic symptoms. Treatment for brain metastasis typically involves radiation. Patients with large, symptomatic and/or solitary brain metastases may benefit from surgical resection in addition to radiation. The role of systemic therapy for brain metastases remains somewhat limited, but newer treatment strategies such as immune therapy and molecular targeted agents may play a role in the future.
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Gorman, Sara, Judith Currier, Elise Hall, and Julia del Amo. Women’s Issues. Edited by Mary Ann Cohen, Jack M. Gorman, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Paul Volberding, and Scott Letendre. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0035.
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This chapter explores some of the unique challenges that often put women at higher risk of HIV infection and that create a course of illness that may differ from that found in men living with HIV. The first portion of the chapter discusses manifestations of HIV infection and the course of infection in women. It also addresses the particular issues associated with antiretroviral treatment (ART) and women, and the interactions between ART and depression in women. The chapter then goes on to broach an important topic that puts many women at high risk for HIV infection: gender-based violence, as well as some of the key, albeit limited, research on effective interventions for gender-based violence and HIV prevention. The third part of the chapter addresses issues related specifically to HIV and pregnancy, including vertical transmission. Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of a relatively neglected topic, HIV and menopause.
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Spence, Michael. Workers in the “Groves of Academe”. Edited by Rochelle Dreyfuss and Justine Pila. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758457.013.39.
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This chapter weighs the claim of university academics to control over works and inventions produced as a part of their work in teaching and research. It does so relying on the most commonly advanced justifications for the intellectual property (IP) regimes. It is the contention here that while an academic has a strong claim to prima facie ownership of copyright in works produced in the course of her university teaching and research (albeit a form of copyright potentially limited in one important respect), her claim to the ownership of patent rights, and to copyright in computer programs, is very much weaker.
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Hadfield, Andrew. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789468.003.0001.
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There were few subjects that animated people in early modern Europe more than lying. The subject is endlessly represented and discussed in literature; treatises on rhetoric and courtiership; theology, philosophy, and jurisprudence; travel writing; pamphlets and news books; science and empirical observation; popular culture, especially books about strange, unexplained phenomena; and, of course, legal discourse. For many, lying could be controlled and limited even if not eradicated; for others, lying was a necessary element of a casuistical tradition, liars balancing complicated issues and short-term pragmatic considerations in the expectation of solving more problems than they caused through their deceit....
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Roy-Byrne, Peter, and Murray B. Stein. PTSD and Medical Illness. Edited by Charles B. Nemeroff and Charles R. Marmar. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259440.003.0005.
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There has been increasing recognition of the important and reciprocal relationship between medical illness and depressive and anxiety disorders. This chapter examines the interrelationship between medical illness and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a unique disorder with features of depression and anxiety, from multiple perspectives. Medical illness, especially acute, unexpected illness and injury, can serve as a life-threatening traumatic stressor that precipitates PTSD through multiple mechanisms. PTSD, and even traumatic exposure without subsequent PTSD, may increase the risk of a variety of medical illnesses, with the most-studied illness being cardiovascular disease. PTSD may also worsen the course and outcome of already existing medical illness. Extant research has not addressed the possibility that medical Illness may worsen the course or outcome of PTSD, but similar research has shown only limited effects of medical illness on depression and anxiety outcomes. These reciprocal relationships are thought to exert their effects through mutually reinforcing neurobiological mechanisms as well as through effects on health behaviors.
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Jicha, Gregory A., and Frederick A. Schmitt. Alzheimer’s Disease. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0017.
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Advances in the current management and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease have grown directly from our increased understanding of the neurobiology underlying this disease. Currently available pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment strategies remain focused on symptomatic management of disease rather than disease modification. Despite a wealth of evidence supporting the clinical benefits of existing therapies in the management of symptomatic progression, there is limited evidence that these available therapies modify disease progression over the course of dementia progression. More recent research discoveries in the areas of genetics, molecular and cell biology, and environmental risk factors have become the focal point for an explosive growth in experimental disease-modifying strategies designed to prevent, slow, or potentially halt the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Lally, John, and James H. MacCabe. Epidemiology, impact, and predictors of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0004.
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Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is a disabling psychotic disorder that affects approximately 30% of those diagnosed with schizophrenia. In a significant proportion (about 70%) of patients with TRS, their illness is treatment-resistant from onset (early or primary treatment resistance), whilst, in the remainder, treatment resistance develops during the course of illness (late or secondary treatment resistance). TRS is associated with reduced quality of life and increased social and economic burden. Multiple sociodemographic, clinical, and biological risk factors have been assessed in relation to TRS, but their interpretation remains limited owing to methodological variation, lack of replicability, and a paucity of longitudinal studies. This chapter will review the epidemiology, societal and economic burden, and risk factors associated with TRS.
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Soyer, Michaela. Lost Childhoods. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520296701.001.0001.
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Lost Childhoods focuses on the life-course histories of thirty young men serving time in the adult prison system in Pennsylvania for crimes they committed when they were minors. The narratives of these young men, their friends, and relatives reveal the invisible yet deep-seated connection between the childhood traumas they suffered and the violent criminal behavior they committed during adolescence. By living through domestic violence, poverty, the crack epidemic, and other circumstances, these men were forced to grow up fast, while familial ties that should have sustained them were broken at each turn. The book connects large-scale social policy decisions and their effect on family dynamics, and it demonstrates the limits of punitive justice.
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Van Dam, Nicholas T., Brian M. Iacoviello, and James W. Murrough. Diagnosis and Epidemiology of Depression. Edited by Dennis S. Charney, Eric J. Nestler, Pamela Sklar, and Joseph D. Buxbaum. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190681425.003.0023.
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Depressive disorders are among the most disabling medical illnesses worldwide and limited efficacy of currently available medication and psychotherapy treatments adds to this large public health burden. In the current chapter, we consider findings from several large-scale health surveys to estimate the burden of illness, and review the current data available regarding prognosis, psychiatric and medical comorbidities, and socio-demographic factors influencing the prevalence and course of depression. We also consider emerging alternative methods of conceptualizing depression and other mental disorders that emphasize a dimensional rather than categorical approach. Increasing attention to such approaches in the design of psychiatric research related to depression may lead to an improved understanding of depression and more effective treatments.
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Guenther, B. D. Modern Optics Simplified. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842859.001.0001.
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This textbook is designed for use in a standard physics course on optics at the sophomore level. The book is an attempt to reduce the complexity of coverage found in Modem Optics to allow a student with only elementary calculus to learn the principles of optics and the modern Fourier theory of diffraction and imaging. Examples based on real optics engineering problems are contained in each chapter. Topics covered include aberrations with experimental examples, correction of chromatic aberration, explanation of coherence and the use of interference theory to design an antireflection coating, Fourier transform optics and its application to diffraction and imaging, use of gaussian wave theory, and fiber optics will make the text of interest as a textbook in Electrical and bioengineering as well as Physics. Students who take this course should have completed an introductory physics course and math courses through calculus Need for experience with differential equations is avoided and extensive use of vector theory is avoided by using a one dimensional theory of optics as often as possible. Maxwell’s equations are introduced to determine the properties of a light wave and the boundary conditions are introduced to characterize reflection and refraction. Most discussion is limited to reflection. The book provides an introduction to Fourier transforms. Many pictures, figures, diagrams are used to provide readers a good physical insight of Optics. There are some more difficult topics that could be skipped and they are indicated by boundaries in the text.
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Ames, Barry, Andy Baker, and Amy Erica Smith. Social Networks in the Brazilian Electorate. Edited by Jennifer Nicoll Victor, Alexander H. Montgomery, and Mark Lubell. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190228217.013.37.
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Research on social networks and voting behavior has been largely limited to long-established democracies. In young democracies with unstable party systems and low levels of mass partisan identification, such networks should be even more important. This chapter examines egocentric political discussion networks in Brazil, where political discussion is plentiful and exposure to disagreement is somewhat more frequent than in the United States. Over the course of campaigns, such conversation affects voting choices and helps citizens learn about candidates and their issue positions; networks are especially important for learning among low-status individuals. The chapter highlights the availability of two important panel data sets incorporating design elements that can improve inference regarding network effects: the 2002–2006 Two-City Brazilian Panel Study and the 2014 Brazilian Electoral Panel Survey.
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Weinreb, Alice. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190605094.003.0001.
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This chapter uses changes in international perceptions of the German body over the course of the twentieth century—from starving victims of the First World War to the “fattest people in Europe” by the end of the century—as a way of thinking about the key themes of this book. It describes the book’s methodology, which builds on Foucault’s theory of governmentality to describe the ways in which modern states rely on the food system to control populations’ bodies. It thus shows how food opens up the category of biopolitics. At the same time, food represents crucial strategies of resistance and self-expression for individuals and communities, thus pushing at the limits of state power. This chapter also discusses the ways in which hunger is an important political category for industrialized economies.
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Wacks, Raymond. 1. Privacy in peril. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198725947.003.0001.
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Electronic and aerial surveillance, biometrics, closed circuit TV (CCTV), identity cards, radio frequency identification (RFID) codes, online security, encryption, the Google ‘right to be forgotten’ controversy, interception of email, the monitoring of employees, DNA, cloning, stem cell research, the ‘war on terror’—to mention only a few—all raise fundamental questions about privacy. Reports of the fragility of ‘privacy’ have, of course, been sounded for at least a century. In respect of the future of ‘privacy‘, there can be little doubt that the questions are changing before our eyes. And if, in the flat-footed domain of atoms, we have achieved only limited success in protecting individuals’ privacy, how much better the prospects in our binary universe? An account of some of the major forms of intrusion is provided, and controls over their use proposed.
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Mattoo, Amitabh, and Rory Medcalf. Think-Tanks and Universities. Edited by David M. Malone, C. Raja Mohan, and Srinath Raghavan. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198743538.013.20.
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Even though India’s engagement with the rest of the world has seen considerable expansion in the last two decades, the role of universities and think-tanks in shaping the contours of much of that engagement has been limited. The chapter explores the reasons behind the lack of influence or impact of these institutions in the foreign policy-making of the country. In doing so, it traces their historical trajectory and institutional evolution, outlines the state of research output generated by them, and brings into relief the lack of synergy between the academic, the policy, and the bureaucratic community. However, in recent times, there seems to be a course-correction with the government recognizing the importance of utilizing outside expertise from academia and think-tanks as India navigates the complex terrain of international relations in the coming years.
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Bégin, Camille. America Eats. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040252.003.0002.
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This chapter focuses on the America Eats project and delves into why and how the Federal Writers' Project (FWP) began searching for America's regional cuisines. The narrative explores how, in New Deal food writing, food became a canvas for a sensory, emotional, felt manifestation of national identity. The chapter also examines the limits of this political project as it captures editors and local workers deliberating over which and whose regional foods would be deemed worthy of integration into the American culinary narrative. The analysis takes into account the prescriptive but also unstable and inconclusive nature of America Eats as the understanding of what American food was and who American eaters were evolved over the course of the project. In looking for the taste of the nation, the FWP often stumbled upon regional ethnic tastes that defied the aims of the project.
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Merlevède, Florence, Magda Peligrad, and Sergey Utev. Functional Gaussian Approximation for Dependent Structures. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826941.001.0001.
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This book has its origin in the need for developing and analyzing mathematical models for phenomena that evolve in time and influence each another, and aims at a better understanding of the structure and asymptotic behavior of stochastic processes. This monograph has double scope. First, to present tools for dealing with dependent structures directed toward obtaining normal approximations. Second, to apply the normal approximations presented in the book to various examples. The main tools consist of inequalities for dependent sequences of random variables, leading to limit theorems, including the functional central limit theorem (CLT) and functional moderate deviation principle (MDP). The results will point out large classes of dependent random variables which satisfy invariance principles, making possible the statistical study of data coming from stochastic processes both with short and long memory. Over the course of the book different types of dependence structures are considered, ranging from the traditional mixing structures to martingale-like structures and to weakly negatively dependent structures, which link the notion of mixing to the notions of association and negative dependence. Several applications have been carefully selected to exhibit the importance of the theoretical results. They include random walks in random scenery and determinantal processes. In addition, due to their importance in analyzing new data in economics, linear processes with dependent innovations will also be considered and analyzed.
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Bilow, Marcel, Tillmann Klein, and Ulrich Knaack. DEFLATE-ABLES. 010 publishers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.13.
Full textAbstract:
Pneumatic structures have been thoroughly investigated and developed during the 1960s. However, the energy crisis and aesthetic developments stopped the process of employing these structures as a mainstream construction method. Nowadays these structures are typically used in special areas of architecture and design. Imagine-Deflateables concentrates on the very limited knowledge of vacuum constructions and develops a range of aesthetic, technical and functional design possibilities. Until today, there has been a very limited number of designs developed and realized using pressurized constructions – despite the fact that this technology could lead to positive aspects: the air pressure of the earth can be used as a stabilizing and form-giving parameter, creating a specific and inspiring shape. In addition, the very nature of this technology offers varying degrees of thermal and acoustic insulation. There are of course weak points such as potential leakage and the need for high pressurization of the construction; but new material technologies and specific structural concepts will provide solutions to overcome these issues. Exploiting the possibilities of extremely light and, at the same time, energetically active constructions, deflateables are one of the promising fields of architectural and design developments. The chance to create structures that can move and react to requests such as user and climate requirements as well as formative demands, lifts this topic onto the level of a realistic and usable technology for as yet unknown design possibilities.
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Oyserman, Daphna, and Oliver Fisher. Social Stigma and Health: An Identity-Based Motivation Perspective. Edited by Brenda Major, John F. Dovidio, and Bruce G. Link. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190243470.013.11.
Full textAbstract:
American culture highlights the power of individuals to steer their own course and be masters of their own destiny. In American cultural context, low place in social hierarchy due to low socioeconomic status is taken to imply some deficiency in the persons who occupy this place. This association seems bidirectional: Low place is stigmatizing, and membership in a negatively marked group implies low place in social hierarchy. Low place in social hierarchy limits individuals’ choice and experienced control, influencing identity-based motivational processes. Identity-based motivation theory and its three components: dynamic construction of identity, action-readiness, and procedural-readiness, are used to articulate the health consequences of this interplay. The identities that come to mind and what these identities imply for health is a function of momentary and chronic context. Accessible identities can elicit health-promoting or health-undermining behaviors and interpretations of experienced difficulty. This has implications for intervention.
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Trencsényi, Balázs, Michal Kopeček, Luka Lisjak Gabrijelčič, Maria Falina, Mónika Baár, and Maciej Janowski. Political Thought in Exile. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829607.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
The post-1945 exile from East Central Europe was characterized by extreme ideological pluralism and political fragmentation, ranging from post-fascist to radical leftist streams. Given this initial diversity and the permanent reconfiguration due to the arrival of new waves, it remained an extremely variegated phenomenon with limited ideological coherence. However the specific exile experience produced a certain type of political thought offering a choice between interventionist, gradualist, or passivist stances. Whereas in the first post-war decades the exile’s main drive was to preserve the “authentic” cultural and political traditions, in the course of the 1960s and the 1970s they became the transmitters of the local dissident discourses. These developments validated the ideas of the best strategic minds in emigration arguing that it was the pressure from the domestic public and opposition, not the émigré groups or Western powers, which could become a main catalyst of democratization.
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Morash, Chris. Places of Performance. Edited by Nicholas Grene and Chris Morash. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198706137.013.28.
Full textAbstract:
From the historically resonant Abbey Theatre, theatre spaces have had an influence on the ways in which Irish theatre has developed over the course of the twentieth century, from the limited proscenium arch stage of the early Abbey to the increasing exploration of found spaces and site-specific work in the 1990s and early twenty-first century. A geography of Irish theatre must take account of the significance of the place of performance in the creation of theatrical meaning. The space of the Abbey, as the national theatre, has been haunted by its past, whereas the aim of the Gate was to create a neutral space for its modernist creations, while utopian plans for an open-air amphitheatre in Achill or radical designs for the Lyric, Belfast, were never realized. The many new theatres of recent times have created untethered spaces without past associations.
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Tyler, Tom R., and Rick Trinkner. Legal Socialization across the Life Course. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190644147.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Every developing child goes through a series of stages associated with childhood and adolescence. This is the focus of chapter 3. To some extent development is an invariant progression shaped by cognitive and biological growth, and the capacities and limits that exist at any stage of individual growth. At the same time, the progression reflects the unique experience of each individual over their life course, particularly with nonlegal and legal authority figures. Beyond that, every child grows up during a particular period in history that has particular events such as the war in Vietnam or the 9/11 terror attacks, which create a unique social climate and produce common concerns and outlooks among the members of a particular age cohort. These common elements have been widely discussed in popular writing that has sought to distinguish among the silent generation, baby boomers, generation X, millennials, and generation Z.
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Koshiol, Jill, Catterina Ferreccio, Susan S. Devesa, Juan Carlos Roa, and Joseph F. Fraumeni. Biliary Tract Cancer. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0034.
Full textAbstract:
Biliary tract cancers encompass tumors of the gallbladder, extrahepatic bile ducts, and ampulla of Vater. In the United States, biliary tract cancer is the fifth most common malignant neoplasm of the digestive tract, accounting for about 3,700 deaths per year. The gallbladder is the primary subsite for 40% of biliary tract cancers, followed by the extrahepatic bile ducts (33%), ampulla of Vater (20%), and unspecified subsite (8%). Gallbladder cancer occurs twice as often in women than men, while other biliary tumors are more common in men. Risk of gallbladder cancer is elevated in Amerindians, including the Pima Indians in the United States and the Mapuches in Chile, and in certain Hispanic populations. While a significant fraction of these tumors are related to underlying gallstones (cholelithiasis), information on other risk factors is limited, due to the rarity of the tumors, the often rapidly fatal course, and small number of epidemiologic studies.
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Nielsen-Saines, Karin. Antiretroviral Therapy in Children and Newborns. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190493097.003.0027.
Full textAbstract:
HIV-infected infants and children have a different, more progressive disease course compared to that of adults given that early infection leads to sustained, high-magnitude viremia with significant seeding of reservoirs in the first months of life. Early diagnosis of HIV infection is pivotal in the management of infants and prevention of HIV-associated morbidity and mortality. The availability of potent pediatric antiretroviral formulations encompassing different classes of drugs for infected infants and young children is limited. Significant advancements have been achieved in the area of infant post-exposure prophylaxis. Early antiretroviral treatment is still the mainstay of pediatric HIV infection, particularly for infants younger than age 12 months, but it is also highly recommended for older children. Early treatment of young infants diagnosed soon after birth appears to be the best approach to reduce the seeding of viral reservoirs and potentially attain prolonged periods of HIV remission off antiretrovirals.