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Journal articles on the topic 'Coula edulis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 June 2025

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Nkop, Ekpeno Josiah, Chuks Zudonu Onisoman, and Chima Onyeji Charles. "Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies of ethanol extract of Coula edulis seed shell." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 12, no. 1 (2020): 048–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4269759.

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The phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential ethanol extract of Coula edulis (C. edulis) were evaluated. The presence of anthraquinones, steroids phenols, alkaloid, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and deoxy-sugar were ascertained to justify the utilization of this plant in the treatment of diseases. The ethanol extract of Coula edules seed shell was also examined for antioxidant activities and against seven different isolates. Phytochemical profile of the ethanol extract of Coula edulis shell revealed the presence of terpenes, cardiac glycosides, monosaccharides and carbohydrates while alkaloids was found to be absent in the extract. The extract of Coula edules seed shell revealed a very strong antioxidant activity when compared to vitamin C and butylated hydroxytoluene. The antimicrobial result showed that at all concentrations of the seed extract, the growths with almost all the microorganisms were inhibited. The results confirmed high level of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in ethanol extract of C. edulis contain due to the presence of phytochemical constituents in the plant.

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Ajibesin, Kola K., and Bukola C. Adebayo-Tayo. "Antimicrobial Activities of Coula edulis." Research Journal of Medicinal Plant 2, no. 2 (2008): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjmp.2008.86.91.

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Fort, Diana M., Steven R. King, Thomas J. Carlson, and Susan T. Nelson. "Minquartynoic acid from Coula edulis." Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 28, no. 5 (2000): 489–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-1978(99)00079-4.

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OKANDZA Yves, ENZONGA YOCA Josiane, OSSOKO Jean Paul Latran, ELENGA Michel, and MVOULA TSIERI Michel Didace. "Study of the nutritional value of Coula edulis kernels from Sembé (Republic of Congo)." International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology 3, no. 1 (2024): 001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2024.3.1.0042.

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Coula edulis Baill., is a non-timber forest product of great importance from a food, cultural and economic point of view for the African countries where this species grows. It belongs to the order Olacales and the family Olacaceae. Almonds extracted from Coula edulis nuts are consumed thanks to the nutrients they contain. Thus, the present study, which has the general objective of promoting Coula edulis almonds with a view to contributing to their better knowledge, could play a capital role in the fight against malnutrition. We therefore used the standards established by the AOAC to determine the nutritional value of these almonds, namely: the oven to determine the water content, the Soxhlet method to extract the fat, the Kjedahl method to determine the total protein content, the muffle furnace to know the ash rate and finally we deducted the carbohydrate content. Thus the characterization of these macronutrients led to the following results: a humidity level of 9.21%; the lipid content of 25.91%; protein content of 8.67%; the ash content of 1.55%, the fiber content of 3.5% and finally the carbohydrate content of 54.66%; which allowed us to find from these results, an energy value of 486.51 Kcal/100g. Compared to the results obtained in this study, we can say that these almonds have a very appreciable richness. Thus, Coula edulis almonds can be used as an excellent raw material in the production of fats or as a good source of carbohydrates in the agri-food sector. The consumption of its almonds by the Congolese population should be encouraged.

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Moupela, Christian, Jean-Louis Doucet, Kasso Daïnou, Quentin Meunier, Cédric Vermeulen, and Jacques Beauchêne. "Essais de propagation par semis et marcottage aérien de Coula edulis Baill. et perspectives pour sa domestication." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 318, no. 318 (2013): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2013.318.a20516.

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Le noisetier d'Afrique, Coula edulis Baill. Olacaceae, est un arbre des forêts denses humides africaines. Il produit des graines d'une grande valeur nutritive qui sont régulièrement récoltées et commercialisées par les populations d'Afrique centrale et de l'Ouest. Cependant, le manque d'informations relatives aux techniques de multiplication de l'espèce est la principale contrainte à sa domestication et à son intégration dans les systèmes agroforestiers locaux. L'étude, conduite parallèlement en pépinière et en milieu naturel, vise à mieux caractériser la germination de C. edulis et à déterminer ses aptitudes au marcottage aérien. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que la germination de C. edulis est très lente et échelonnée avec des taux de levée très faibles, voire nuls. De plus, les prétraitements appliqués aux graines se sont révélés inefficaces pour améliorer la vitesse et le taux de levée des semences. En revanche, le marcottage aérien permet de produire des plants de C. edulis d'une vigueur bien supérieure et dans un délai plus court que les semis en pépinière. Les résultats préliminaires du marcottage aérien sont prometteurs et ouvrent des perspectives intéressantes pour la multiplication et la domestication de l'espèce. L'intégration de Coula edulis dans les systèmes agroforestiers des plants issus du marcottage aérien est donc envisageable.

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Ita, Basil, and Gloria Ndukwe. "Antioxidant Activity of Coula edulis Baill. Seed Extracts." European Journal of Medicinal Plants 17, no. 4 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejmp/2016/30762.

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TCHIEGANG, CLERGE, CESAR KAPSEU, and MICHEL PARMENTIER. "CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF OIL FROM COULA EDULIS (Bail.) NUTS." Journal of Food Lipids 5, no. 2 (1998): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4522.1998.tb00110.x.

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Akpan, E. E., S. M. Sam, E. A. Akpan, J. E. Okon, and O. G. Okon. "Extraction and Quantification of Oil Extracted from Seeds of Underexploited Tropical Plants in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria." Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 10, no. 2b (2024): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.32.

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Oil was extracted from seeds of Coula edulis, Dacryodes edulis, Garcinia kola and Cola lepidota, using n-hexane, chloroform and a fraction of n-hexane and chloroform (1:1) as extracting solvents. The extraction was carried out at a temperature of 60oC. Using n- hexane as the extracting solvent, 42.5%, 40.1%, 24.63% and 35.73% were the yields of oil extracted from C. edulis, D. edulis, G. kola and C. lepidota respectively. Values recorded for chloroform-extracted oil were 28.7%, 25.4%, 10.83% and 21.93% respectively. Using a fraction of n-hexane and chloroform (1:1), the experimental seeds had percentage oil yield of 31.4, 27.92, 13.53 and 24.63 respectively. The results show that C. edulis and D. edulis had high oil content, when compared with G. kola and C. lepidota. These results suggest that n-hexane remains a veritable solvent for extraction of oil from seeds of tropical plants.

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Ekissi, SG, RA Koffi, and A. Firmin. "Composition of the African hazelnut,Coula edulis, and its flour." Tropical Science 45, no. 1 (2005): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ts.35.

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Kepawou, Manuela Guaelle, Bruno Dupon Ambamba Akamba, Michael Hermann Kengne Kamdem та ін. "Anti-hyperglycemic effect of two terpenoids isolated from Coula edulis on normoglycemic rats and in silico study of their potential inhibitors on α-amylase and dipeptidylpeptidase 4". Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 14, № 2 (2024): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i2.6406.

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Diabetes causes many deaths around the world, making the search for treatments a real challenge. Plant secondary metabolites are promising candidates because they act as scaffolds in biological processes. This study investigates anti-hyperglycaemic effect of two terpenoids isolated from Coula edulis and in silico study of their potential inhibitors on α-amylase and dipeptidypeptidase 4. After extraction and isolation of the two terpenoids, their structures were characterized using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. Subsequently the anti-hyperglycemic effect was achieved following an overload of starch on the one hand and glucose on the other hand in normoglycemic rats. Each isolated terpenoids was tested at a dose of 3 mg/kg.bw, the same for the reference compounds (Acarbose and glibenclamide). Conformational site analysis and docking parameters such as binding energy, inhibition constant, interaction profiles with diabetes target residues (α-amylase and dipeptidypeptidase 4) were determined using AutoDock 4.2 and Discovery Studio visualizer. The results showed that the terpenoids isolated from coula edulis were Taraxerol and 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol, each of its two terpenoids considerably decreased the blood sugar levels in rats after overloading of starch and glucose solutions respectively. Their effects were similar to the reference drugs. Furthermore, the in-silico approach showed that these compounds have good docking scores with α-amylase and with DPP4. Taraxerol exhibited a docking score more than three times than the acarbose docking score. Only 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol reacts with at least one amino acid of the α-amylase catalytic triad (Asp 300). Both interact with histidine (His 740) of the DPP4 catalytic triad. In view of this results, taraxerol and 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol have anti-hyperglycemic effects and are good candidates for the development of new multitarget antidiabetics. Keywords: Coula edulis, RMN 1D and 2D, tarxerol, 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol and Anti-hyperglycemia

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Beyegue, Eric, Boris G. K. Azantsa, Angie M.-A. Mbong, and Julius E. Oben. "Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Capacities of Stem Bark Extracts of Coula edulis Baill (Olacaceae)." Journal of Food Research 10, no. 5 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v10n5p1.

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Prolonged hyperglycemia enhances oxidative stress. Bioactive compounds extracted possess antioxidant, anti-free radical potentials or the ability to reduce blood sugar levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of extracts of stem bark of Coula edulis Baill., their abilities to trap free radicals and glucose, as well as their ability to inhibit &alpha;-amylase and invertase activities. In vitro assays were used to test the trapping capacity of extracts on DPPH, ABTS, NO, and OH radicals; to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, the activity of glycosylation and the capacity of inhibition of the activities of &alpha;-amylase and invertase were conducted. Also, phenolic, flavonoid and alkaloid contents of extracts were determined. Results showed that extracts of the stem bark of C. edulis have anti-radical properties. The extracts chelate DPPH, hydroxyl (OH), nitrite oxide (NO), ABTS radicals, and even glucose. The IC50 values varied depending on the nature of the extraction solvent. Ethanolic extract has the highest polyphenolic content (289.12 &plusmn; 30.31 &micro;g catechin equivalent/g), flavonoids (1.12 &plusmn; 0.09 &micro;g quercetin equivalent/g) and alkaloids (5.54 &plusmn; 0.59 &micro;g quinin equivalent/g). The extracts also reduce invertase and &alpha;-amylase activities. C. edulis extracts present strong antioxidant potentials and can be used as a source of natural antioxidants for the prevention of oxidative stress and hyperglycemia.

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Beyegue, Eric, Janvier Fotso Youovop, Guy Roussel Takuissu, et al. "Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity Evaluation of the Ethanolic Extract of Coula edulis B., (Olacaceae) Stem Bark." Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 12, no. 4 (2023): 156–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4239.

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Aims: Coula edulis Baill., (Olacaceae) is a non-lignified forest product not well known and widely used in sub-Saharan Africa as a phytomedicine or food additive. However, the toxicity of this plant remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety of the ethanolic extract of C. edulis stem bark (CEE). Study Design: Pharmacological study. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaounde 1 (Cameroon), between June 2018 and July 2022. Methodology: Studies on the assessment of acute and subchronic toxicity were carried out by guidelines 423 of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Subacute toxicity of the sample was assessed over 28 days using repeated doses by OECD Guideline 407. Results: No cases of death and clinical signs of toxicity were observed in the treated rats, suggesting that the LD50 of C. edulis ethanolic extract is greater than 2000 mg/kg bw. Regarding the subacute toxicity study, the administration of CEE also did not result in any changes in the course of body weight. Only a significant decrease in the relative weight of the ovaries in females at the highest dose of 600 mg/kg was observed. In males and females, CEE did not affect lipid profile markers or transaminase levels (AST, ALT). In addition, a small but non-significant (p> 0.05) increase in creatinine was observed without kidney dysfunction. In males, CEE induced an increase in mean corpuscular volume number at 600 mg/kg, while at the same time, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration decreased at the 300 mg/kg dose. In females, a significant increase in the number of monocytes, red blood cells, and hemoglobin level were observed. No difference in the levels of urea, glucose, and lipid markers was observed nor histological changes in the organs studied. Conclusion: As would be expected, exposure to CEE did not cause significant toxic effects in treated rats. Therefore, this plant extract can be safely recommended for therapeutic use.

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Nkop Ekpeno Josiah, Onisoman Chuks Zudonu, and Charles Chima Onyeji. "Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies of ethanol extract of Coula edulis seed shell." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 12, no. 1 (2020): 048–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.12.1.0056.

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Mve, M. Zue, T. Makani, and F. Eba. "Removal of Mn (II) from Aqueous Solutions by Activated Carbons Prepared from Coula edulis Nut Shell." Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 9, no. 2 (2016): 226–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jest.2016.226.237.

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Naccis, Talla Tagne, Kotue Taptue Charles, and Fokou Elie. "Nutritional contribution of Coula edulis B. and Tetracarpidium conophorum M. A. to the Cameroon food composition table." Food Chemistry Advances 6 (March 2025): 100910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2025.100910.

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Bopenga Bopenga, C. S. A., S. Dumarçay, P. Edou Engonga, and P. Gérardin. "Relationships between chemical composition and decay durability of Coula edulis Baill as an alternative wood species in Gabon." Wood Science and Technology 54, no. 2 (2020): 329–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00226-020-01158-5.

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Zofou, Denis, Mathieu Tene, Moses N. Ngemenya, Pierre Tane, and Vincent P. K. Titanji. "In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Extracts of Selected Medicinal Plants Used by Traditional Healers of Western Cameroon." Malaria Research and Treatment 2011 (April 12, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/561342.

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Medicinal plants play a key role in malaria control in Africa, especially in remote areas where health facilities are limited. In order to assess their acclaimed potentials, eleven extracts were prepared from seven selected plants commonly used in Western Cameroon, and tested both for their antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity. The antiplasmodial activity was assessed using Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay (pLDH) and the cytotoxicity estimated on LLC-MK2 monkey kidney epithelial cells. Seven extracts from five different plants were significantly active, with very weak or no cytotoxicity. The Dacryodes edulis leaves showed the highest activity (IC50 of 6.45 μg/mL on 3D7 and 8.2 μg/mL on DD2) followed by the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (IC50 of 8.72 and 11.27 μg/mL on 3D7 and DD2 resp.) and roots of V. amygdalina (IC50 of 8.72 μg/mL on 3D7), Coula edulis leaves (IC50 of 13.80 μg/mL and 5.79 μg/mL on 3D7 and DD2 resp.), Eucalyptus globulus leaves (IC50 of 16.80 μg/mL and 26.45 μg/mL on 3D7 and DD2) and Cuviera longiflora stem bark (IC50 of 20.24 μg/mL and 13.91 μg/mL on 3D7 and DD2). These findings justify the use of five of the seven plants in malaria treatment by traditional healers of Western Cameroon.

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Kuiate, J. R., J. D. Tamokou, G. S. S. Njateng, et al. "Antimicrobial Activity of Dichloromethane-Methanol (1:1 v/v) Extract from the Stem Bark of Coula edulis Bail. (Olacaceae)." Research Journal of Microbiology 3, no. 6 (2008): 414–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jm.2008.414.422.

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Stone Arnaud Bopenga Bopenga, Christ, Henri Meyo Degboevi, Kevin Candelier, et al. "Characterization of Extracts from the Bark of the Gabon Hazel Tree (Coula edulis baill) for Antioxidant, Antifungal and Anti-termite Products." Journal of Renewable Materials 9, no. 1 (2021): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2021.013366.

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Obiang, Cédric Sima, Joseph-Privat Ondo, Guy-Roger Ndong Atome, Louis-Clément Obame Engonga, Joel-Fleury Djoba Siawaya, and Edouard Nsi Emvo. "Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of stem barks of Coula edulis Baill. Pseudospondias longifolia Engl. and Carapa klaineana Pierre. from Gabon." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 6, no. 7 (2016): 557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61086-1.

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Yobo, C. Mikolo, A. Awono, and V. Ingram. "Understanding the Coula edulis, Dacryodes buettneri and Irvingia gabonensis non-timber forest product value chains from Makokou, North-East Gabon from a gender perspective." International Forestry Review 22, no. 3 (2020): 339–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554820830405672.

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Trade-in Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in the Congo Basin is a source of cash income for stakeholders in their value chains, from harvesters to traders. However, gender-disaggregated data on the benefits of such trade in Gabon remains poorly captured and used by policy-makers, despite a decree on women's empowerment enacted by the Republic of Gabon in 2017. This study assesses gender dynamics, reasons for entering the trade, economics, and perceived threats to Coula edulis, Dacryodes buettneri, and Irvingia gabonensis value chains originating in Makokou, Gabon. Data from field observations, key informants, and 79 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in three markets showed that activities in the value chains of these three NTFPs were highly gender-differentiated. Women dominate in all three chains, particularly in the two lower-value products. This was driven by women's vulnerability and men's preference for higher-value timber and NTFPs. Both men and women enter the trade mostly because they lack other ways to generate income and employment. The men involved in the chains tended to harvest slightly larger volumes and sell at higher prices. The NTFPs and their value chains were all perceived as threatened by climate change, deforestation, and unsustainable forest resources management, with both men and women aware of these threats. The importance of the NTFP trade for women suggested that policies and gender focus interventions, for example on domestication, cultivation, value-adding to improve and sustain their income, could contribute to more sustainable value chains and livelihoods.

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Yoca, Josiane Enzonga, Jean Paul Latran Ossoko, Yves Okandza, and Michel Didace Mvoula Tsieri. "Fatty Acid Composition of Hazelnut Kernel Oil from Coula edulis Collected in the Republic of Congo." Food and Nutrition Sciences 15, no. 04 (2024): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2024.154019.

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Tchoffo, Eric Mbompouho, Gilbert Tchemou, Elvis Mbou Tiaya, et al. "Physico-Chemical Analysis of African Hazelnut Shells “Coula edulis” from Cameroon." Materials Sciences and Applications 16, no. 04 (2025): 172–99. https://doi.org/10.4236/msa.2025.164010.

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Benkens, Andreas, Claudia Buchholz, Bernadette Pogoda, and Carsten Georg Harms. "Direct multiplex PCR-NALFIA to inform marine conservation: Use of an innovative diagnostic tool for the detection of Ostrea edulis larvae." Aquatic Living Resources 34 (2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr/2021023.

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The European oyster Ostrea edulis played a key role in the North Sea by providing several ecosystem functions and services. Today, O. edulis is classified as severely degraded or functionally extinct in Europe. Marine conservation is focusing on biogenic reef restoration, namely the restoration of O. edulis in Natura 2000 sites of the North Sea. The identification of oyster larvae related to natural spatfalls of restored reefs and monitoring of larval drift is a key aspect of marine protected area management. Morphological identification and distinction from other abundant bivalve larvae using microscopy is difficult. Existing molecular biological methods are expensive and bound to stationary laboratory equipment, or are inadequate in the visualization. In this study, we identified nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA), a well-established tool in human pathogen diagnostics, as an efficient approach for point-of-care (POC) testing in marine monitoring. Based on the genetic sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome b of O. edulis, forward and reverse primers were developed. The reverse primer was labelled with fluorescent dye FITC, forward primer with biotin. Reaction on the lateral flow stripe could be realized with a single O. edulis larva in direct PCR with multiplex primers in a portable PCR-cycler. The established NALFIA system can distinguish O. edulis larvae from Crassostrea gigas and Mytilus edulis larvae, respectively. This method offers new approaches in POC testing in marine research and monitoring. It gives quick and clear results, is inexpensive, and could be easily adapted to other species of interest.

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Pringgenies, Delianis, Dinny Anjang Sari, Ria Azizah T.N., Ervia Yudiati, Endang Sri Susilo, and Alfi Satriadi. "Determinasi Bakteri Simbion Luminesensi Cumi Loligo edulis Serta Analisis Potensinya Sebagai Anti Bakteri." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 20, no. 2 (2017): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v20i2.1698.

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The aim of this research is to determine luminous bacteria that symbiont with the light organ of the squid Loligo edulis and also to find out the potency of simbiont bacteria in light organ of the squid L. edulis. The squid L. edulis were collected from Teluk Awur Waters, Jepara. Stages of this research began with the isolation of bacteria, bacteria screening for anti bacteria, antibacterial activity test and and determination of bacterial species of the isolate. The result of determination showed that luminous bacteria which symbiont with the light organ of the squid L. edulis is come from species of Photobacterium phosphoreum. The result showed that luminous bacteria which symbiont with the light organ of the squid L. edulis have potency as antibacterial compound. Bacteria P. phosphoreum which symbiont in light organ of the squid L. edulis could inhibit the growth of Vibrio harveyi (diameter of resistance zone had range from 8,30-8,87 mm), Escherichia coli (diameter of resistance zone had range from 7,84-8,45 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (diameter of resistance zone had range from 8,39-9,09 mm) and Bacillus sp (diameter of resistance zone had range from 8,27-9,01). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeterminasi bakteri simbion yang bercahaya yang pada organ ringan dan mengetahui potensi bakteri simbion pada organ ringan dari cumi cumi Loligo edulis. Cumi L. edulis dikoleksi dari perairan Teluk Awur, Jepara. Tahapan penelitian meliputi: isolasi bakteri, skrining bakteri, uji aktivitas antibakteri dan dan identifikasi spesies bakteri isolat. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa bakteri luminensensi yang bersimbiosis dengan organ cahaya cumi L. edulis adalah bakteri jenis Photobacterium phosphoreum. Bakteri luminesensi yang menempel pada organ cahaya cumi L. edulis memiliki potensi sebagai senyawa antibakteri. Bakteri P. phosphoreum yang tergabung edulis dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri pathogen Vibrio harveyi (diameter zona resistansi berkisar antara 8,30-8,87 mm), Escherichia coli (diameter zona resistansi berkisar antara 7,84-8,45 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (diameter zona resistansi berkisar antara 8,39-9,09 mm) dan Bacillus sp (diameter zona resistansi berkisar antara 8,27-9,01).

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Johnkennedy, Nnodim, Njoku Obi, Osuoha Chinyere, Ohalete Chinyere, and Ikem Promise Amarachi. "Evaluation of serum iron and vitamin E in Wistar rat administered with Boletus edulis extracts." Hospice & Palliative Medicine International Journal 5, no. 1 (2022): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/hpmij.2022.05.00201.

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This study was carried out to determine the levels of iron and vitamin E in wistar rats administered with Boletus edulis extracts. Twenty-four adult male rats weighing between 100g and 120g were assigned into four groups of six rats each. Group A served as a healthy Control group. Group B, C and D were administered with extract of Boletus edulis with a dose concentration of (40mg/kg, 80mg/kg and 120mg/kg body weight) respectively for 28 days. The results obtained showed that administration of Boletus edulis caused a significant increase in iron and serum vitamin E when compared with the control group (P<0.05). These changes in the serum iron and serum vitamin E were dose dependent. This observation probably implies that Boletus edulis extract could probably be beneficial in the treatment of anaemia and fertility issues

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Choi, Min Kyung. "Integrating Viral Infection and Correlation Analysis in Passiflora edulis and Surrounding Weeds to Enhance Sustainable Agriculture in Republic of Korea." Viruses 17, no. 3 (2025): 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17030383.

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Passiflora edulis, introduced to the Republic of Korea in 1989 and commercially cultivated since 2012, has faced recent challenges due to viral infections impacting growth, yield, and quality. This study aimed to investigate the viral infections in P. edulis and surrounding weeds at cultivation sites in the Republic of Korea, examining possible correlations between the infections for sustainable agriculture. Over five years, P. edulis and weed samples were collected for virus diagnosis using PCR and RT-PCR assays, analyzing the infection status in both P. edulis and weeds and across weed species/families. The findings revealed infections with EuLCV, PaLCuGdV, CMV, and EAPV in both P. edulis and weeds, with PaLCuGdV showing the highest infection rate. Although no direct correlation was found between the presence of the same viruses in P. edulis and weeds, suggesting that there may be interactions among different viruses, the study highlighted that EuLCV infection could exacerbate symptoms when coinfected by other viruses. The study underscores the importance of implementing preventive measures within greenhouses to control virus transmission, offering insights for strategic management of viral diseases in P. edulis cultivation. These findings support the sustainable production of agricultural products by providing actionable strategies, such as the removal of weeds to eliminate habitats for vectors like whiteflies and aphids and the targeted management of high-incidence weeds from the Asteraceae, Solanaceae, and Oxalidaceae families to prevent and control the spread of EuLCV.

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Adhariani, Mimi, Mamay Maslahat, and RTM Sutamihardja. "KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA DAN SENYAWA KATINON PADA DAUN KHAT MERAH (Catha edulis)." Jurnal Sains Natural 8, no. 1 (2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v8i1.113.

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Phytochemical Content and Katinon Coumpound in Red Khat (Catha edulis) Leaves Khat Plant (Catha edulis) belongs to the Celastraceae family that originated in East Africa and the Arabian plateau. Khat plant has green leaves with finely toothed oval shape resembling betel leaves and fragrant. The active component Khat leaves was cathinone which is an alkaloids group. Cathinone which has the chemical formula of 2-amino-1-phenyl propanone is often referred to as a natural amphetamine because it produced effects like amphetamine that could penetrate the nervous system , adrenaline and as stimulant. The purpose of this study was to identify phytochemical compounds in red khat leaves (Catha edulis) using gas chromatography-mass spectra. The results showed that extracts of red leaf khat (Catha edulis) contained of secondary metabolites, they were alkaloids, phenolics, glycosides, steroids / triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. Based on the identification of khat leaf extract (Catha edulis) at pH 8, 9 and 10 showed the presence of katin compounds at different concentrations, while the cathinone compounds were not identified at all three types of the extract.Keywords : Catha edulis, phytochemical ,metabolite secondary, gas chromatography-mass spectra ABSTRAK Tanaman Khat (Catha edulis) termasuk dalam famili Celastraceae yang berasal dari Afrika Timur dan dataran Arab. Tanaman Khat memiliki daun berwarna hijau bergerigi halus dengan bentuk oval menyerupai daun sirih, dan berbau harum. Komponen aktif daun Khat yaitu katinona merupakan senyawa kimia golongan alkaloid. Katinona dengan rumus kimia 2-amino-1-fenil propanon sering disebut sebagai amfetamin alami karena menghasilkan efek seperti amfetamin yang bisa menembus susunan saraf pusat, memacu adrenalin dan stimulansia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa fitokimia dan katinon dalam daun khat merah (Catha edulis) menggunakan kromatografi gas spektra massa .Hasil penelitian menunjukan serbuk simplisia daun khat merah (Catha edulis) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu alkaloid, fenolik, glikosida, steroid/triterpenoid, flavonoid, tanin serta saponin. Berdasarkan identifikasi ekstrak daun khat merah (Catha edulis) pada pH 8, 9 dan 10 menggunakan KG-SM menunjukan adanya senyawa katin pada konsentrasi yang berbeda, sedangkan senyawa katinona tidak ditemukan pada ke tiga jenis pH ekstrak tersebut.Kata kunci : Catha edulis, fitokimia, metabolit sekunder, kromatografi gas-spektra massa

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Cuong, To Dao, Doan Lan Phuong, Nguyen Van Tuyen Anh, Pham Ngoc Khanh, Tran Thu Huong, and Nguyen Manh Cuong. "CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF PASSIFLORA EDULIS SEEDS OIL COLLECTED IN VIETNAM." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 57, no. 5 (2019): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/57/5/13801.

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The present research was aimed to study the chemical compositions of Passiflora edulis Sims seeds oil, including the fatty acid profiles, contents of tocopherols, sterols, and triglycerides. The seeds oil yield is 24.88% by using Soxhlet method. Passiflora edulis seeds oil showed high levels of unsaturated fatty acids (89.25%) with main ingredient linoleic acid (w-6, 66.94%) and oleic acid (w-6, 18.86%). Tocopherols (18.04 mg/kg), sterols (2935.35 mg/kg) and triglycerides (monomere TAG, 74.11%) are also determined by using IOC and ISO methods, respectively. The findings demonstrate that P. edulis seeds oil could be used beneficially in the food and cosmetic industries.

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Galeano, Antonia K., Juan R. Centurión, María S. Soverina, Miguel A. Campuzano-Bublitz, María L. Kennedy, and Laura G. Mereles. "In vitro antioxidant capacity and in vivo hepatoprotective effect of Allophylus edulis leaf extract." Journal Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Research 19, no. 1 (2022): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.19277/bbr.19.1.288.

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Allophylus edulis is used in folk medicine primarily for liver conditions such as hepatitis, liver cancer and liver cirrhosis. In vitro hepatoprotective activity was previously demonstrated. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and hepatoprotective effect of the ethanolic extract of A. edulis in mice. This was done by first determining the acute toxicity of the extract, evaluating the general behavior, and subsequently verifying the effect on paracetamol-induced toxic hepatitis in male mice. Additionally, the phytochemical profile was performed, and the content of total phenols and its total antioxidant capacity were quantified through the 2,2, azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6 sulfonic acid radical cation (ABTS) method. The extract of A. edulis leaves did not demonstrate adverse effects up to 2000 mg/kg, p.o. Anthraquinones, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannins were detected. A high content of total phenolic compounds (TPC) was related to a high antioxidant capacity. Regarding the results of the biological tests, A. edulis did not affect the general behavior of the mice, and all doses tested decreased glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activity, the main liver enzyme markers of hepatocellular damage. It is concluded that A. edulis has hepatoprotective activity, which could be related to its antioxidant activity. Keywords: Allophylus edulis; hepatoprotective; acetaminophen; liver enzymes markers; antioxidant capacity

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Wego Kamgaing, Marius Trésor, Marie Alfrede Mvondo, Sylviane Laure Poualeu Kamani, Stéphane Minko Essono, and Sylvie Lea Wansi Ngnokam. "The Aqueous Extract of Dacryodes edulis (Burseraceae) Leaves Inhibits Cell Proliferation Induced by Estradiol on the Uterus and Vagina of Ovariectomized Female Wistar Rats." Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2020 (November 20, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8869281.

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Proliferation is a cellular process strongly linked to the genesis of cancer. Natural substances with antiproliferative activities are currently potential alternatives in the treatment of cancers. Dacryodes edulis, for instance, is a medicinal plant traditionally used in the treatment of cancer. Scientific studies have reported the antioxidant activity of this plant. In addition, the presence of prostate cancer chemopreventive polyphenols was reported in D. edulis extracts. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of D. edulis leaves on cell proliferation induced by estradiol in ovariectomized female Wistar rats. In this regard, ovariectomized (OVX) rats were cotreated with estradiol valerate (E2V) (0.75 mg/kg) and the aqueous extract of D. edulis leaves. Control groups received either the vehicle (sham-operated animals and the OVX control), E2V (0.75 mg/kg) only, or E2V (0.75 mg/kg) and tamoxifen (10 mg/kg). Treatments were administered orally for 3 consecutive days, and animals were sacrificed thereafter. Epithelial heights of the uterus and vagina were assessed. Uterine levels of total cholesterol and estradiol were determined as well. Results showed that the aqueous extract of D. edulis leaves reversed the effects of estradiol as it reduced uterine weight ( p < 0.05 ), uterine ( p < 0.05 ), and vaginal ( p < 0.001 ) epithelium heights. This antiproliferative effect of D. edulis was associated with reduced tissue (uterine) levels of estradiol ( p < 0.001 ). These results suggest that the aqueous extract of D. edulis leaves could be a potential alternative treatment for proliferation-related diseases.

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Santacruz, Stalin, and Gabriela Cobo. "Substitution of Canna edulis starch for a mixture of potato/cassava starch in the production of almojábanas." Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 73, no. 3 (2020): 9341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v73n3.83836.

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Almojábana is a kind of food that varies in its composition depending on the geographical place where it is baked. In Ecuador, almojábana is based on cheese, wheat flour and Canna edulis starch. C. edulis planting has diminished, leading to a high cost of the starch and less availability on the market. The present work studied C. edulis starch substitution by a mixture of potato and cassava starches on the elaboration of almojábanas. Specific volume, crumb structure, textural properties and sensory analyses were used to find the best starch substitution. Mixtures of cassava and potato starch (25/75, 35/65, and 45/55) and starch dough resting time (10, 15, and 20 h) were investigated. Hardness, elasticity, chewiness, specific volume, average size cell, the number of cells per area and the total area of cells of almojábanas were determined. Results showed that a mixture of 25% potato, 75% cassava and 20 h resting time could substitute C. edulis starch in almojábana baking. The obtained almojábanas had different flavor compared to a control sample (based on C. edulis starch). Starch substitution reduced the cost of raw materials (starch) by 60%.

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Yang, Dou, Fuxi Shi, Xiangmin Fang, Ruoling Zhang, Jianmin Shi, and Yang Zhang. "Effect of the Moso Bamboo Pyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J.Houz. on Soil Phosphorus Bioavailability in a Broadleaf Forest (Jiangxi Province, China)." Forests 15, no. 2 (2024): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15020328.

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Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J.Houz.) is a fast-growing species that commonly invades neighboring broadleaf forests and has been widely reported in subtropical forest ecosystems. However, little is known about the effect on soil phosphorus (P) bioavailability and its potential influence factor during the P. edulis expansion. Here, the four soil P bioavailable fractions (i.e., CaCl2-P, Citrate-P, Enzyme-P, and HCl-P), acid phosphatase activity, iron and aluminum oxides (Fed and Ald), and soil total P pool at depths of 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–40 cm were measured in three expanding interfaces (a broadleaf forest, a mixed bamboo–broadleaf forest, and a pure P. edulis forest) in subtropical forests of southern China. Regardless of soil depths, the CaCl2-P content was significantly lower in the mixed bamboo–broadleaf forest than the other two forest types, with contents ranging from 0.09 to 0.16 mg/kg, whereas the HCl-P content was significantly lower in the broadleaf forest, with contents ranging from 3.42 to 14.33 mg/kg, and the Enzyme-P content and acid phosphatase activity were notably lower in P. edulis forest with contents of 0.17–0.52 mg/kg and 68.66–74.80 μmol MUF released g−1 min−1, respectively. Moreover, the soil total P pool was enhanced in the mixed bamboo–broadleaf forest in 0–10 cm depth compared to broadleaf and P. edulis forests, with increases of 27.40% and 31.02%, respectively. The redundancy analysis showed that soil pH plays an important role in regulating soil P bioavailability during the P. edulis expansion (p < 0.01). From the above results, the invasion of P. edulis into broadleaf forests has resulted in soil P bioavailability and storage capacity. The results of this study suggest that when P. edulis invades broadleaf forests, it could affect the soil P bioavailability by elevating soil pH, which in turn drives and facilitates the completion of the expansion. This is important for understanding P cycling during the P. edulis forest expansion in subtropical regions.

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Chiban, Mohamed, and Fouad Sinan. "Élimination des ions Cu(II) d'une solution aqueuse par les micro-particules de la plante Carpobrotus edulis en système dynamiqueRemoval of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution by micro-particles of dried Carpobrotus edulis plant in a column system." Water Quality Research Journal 46, no. 3 (2011): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2011.029.

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This study reports on the removal of Cu(II) ions from an aqueous solution by adsorption onto dried Carpobrotus edulis plant in a column system. The effect of various process parameters, namely m/V ratio, contact time, initial Cu(II) concentration and pH was studied. The experimental data were analyzed using Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models to determine the mechanistic parameters related to the adsorption process. The results showed that the adsorption of Cu(II) ions by dried C. edulis increases with the increase of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH and initial Cu(II) concentration in the solution. The maximum adsorption of Cu(II) is reached after one hour of contact time at initial copper concentrations ranging between 10 and 100 mg/L. The m/V ratio of 25 g/L was optimal to obtain a maximum adsorption of copper ions. The maximum adsorption percentage of C. edulis is equal to 94.4%. These results showed that the dried C. edulis plant could be considered as a potential adsorbent material for the removal of Cu(II) from wastewater, using a column adsorption mode.

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Brhane, Yonas. "Evaluation of Carboxymethylated Plectranthus edulis Starch as Suspending Agent in Metronidazole Benzoate Suspension Formulation." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 12, no. 5 (2019): 4672–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2019.12.5.8.

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Carboxymethylated Plectranthus edulis, Vatke (P. edulis) [fam., Lamiaceae] starch was evaluated as a suspending agent in metronidazole benzoate suspensions in comparison with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) at concentration range of 1-4% (w/v). The resulting suspensions were evaluated for their sedimentation volume (%), degree of flocculation, rheology, redispersibility, and dissolution rate. Stability studies were performed for 3 months. The apparent viscosities of the formulations prepared with carboxymethylated P. edulis starch at reaction condition E (CMPS-E) was significantly lower than that of NaCMC (p < 0.05). The flowability of the suspensions, at all concentration levels of the suspending agents, were in the order of CMPS-E > NaCMC. AT 1% concentrations, carboxymethylated P. edulis starch (76 ± 1.5%) provided significantly higher (p < 0.05) sedimentation volume than NaCMC (40 ± 1.5%). At 3% and 4%, both gave comparable sedimentation volume (100%). Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) employed as a flocculating agent significantly increased (p < 0.05) the sedimentation volume of the suspensions prepared with carboxy-methylated P.edulis starch and NaCMC. The redispersibilities of CMPS-E was better than those of NaCMC. All suspensions showed a release of greater than 85% of drug within 1 h. The results of stability studies showed that all suspension formulations were stable. From the foregoing, it can be concluded that carboxymethylated P. edulis starch could be used as an alternative suspending agent.

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Fetene, Tsehaynew, Minaleshewa Atlabachew, Hailu Sheferaw, Chaltu Reta, and Kidanemariam Teklay Hilawea. "Fatty acids and chlorogenic acid content in Plectranthus edulis root tubers." PLOS ONE 19, no. 7 (2024): e0305910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305910.

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This study quantified the fatty acid profile and total chlorogenic acid content of various Ethiopian cultivars of the Plectranthus edulis tuber, traditionally known as ’Agew Dinich’. Lipid extraction utilized the Folch method and the acid-catalyzed derivatization method to derivatize the fatty acids into fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) were used. Whereas maceration was used to extract chlorogenic acid from the fresh and freeze- dried tuber samples. Analysis revealed a total of thirteen fatty acids in all P. edulis samples, with nine classified as saturated and four as unsaturated. Palmitic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in P. edulis and accounted for 40.57%–50.21% of the total fatty acid content. The second and third most abundant fatty acids in the P. edulis sample were stearic and linoleic acids, which accounted for 8.38%–12.92% and 8.12%–11.28%, respectively. We reported chlorogenic acid for the first time in this potato species and found it to contain a concentration of 211± 4.2–300±24.7 mg/100g of dry weight basis when the determination was made using fresh samples. On the other hand, these samples yielded a chlorogenic acid concentration ranging from 115 ±8.6 mg/100g-175±3.9 mg/100g of freeze-dried powder samples. These findings suggest that P. edulis tubers could represent a significant dietary source of both chlorogenic acid and fatty acids.

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Gosling, Elizabeth, Sandra Doherty, and Nicola Howley. "Genetic characterization of hybrid mussel (Mytilus) populations on Irish coasts." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, no. 2 (2008): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408000957.

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The blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, and the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, occur widely over much of northern Europe, and wherever they are sympatric they hybridize. The hybrid zone is large, ranging from western France to the north of Scotland, and is spatially complex, containing a mixture of pure, hybrid and introgressed individuals. Results from an Irish study in 1981, using partially diagnostic allozyme markers, indicated that mussels on the Irish Sea coast were solely M. edulis, but on Atlantic wave-exposed shores, and to a much lesser extent on wave-protected shores, mussels comprised an interbreeding mixture of M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis. In this study mussels were analysed from 20 locations on Irish coasts, using the Me15/16 nuclear DNA marker. The results showed a high frequency of M. galloprovincialis (0.378 ± 0.198) and hybrid (0.429 ± 0.175) genotypes, and correspondingly low frequencies of the M. edulis genotype (0.194 ± 0.107) at both exposed and sheltered locations on Atlantic coasts, indicating no apparent advantage for the M. edulis genotype at wave-protected sites. Mytilus galloprovincialis was virtually absent from the Irish Sea. Mussels in this area may be a self-recruiting population of M. edulis due to thermal front development at the northern and southern entrances to the Irish Sea in late spring, thereby preventing an influx of spring-spawned Mytilus larvae. The apparent change in the genetic composition of mussels on Atlantic coasts since the early 1980s could be related to climate change, or to aquaculture practice in Ireland whereby mussels from exposed shores are used to seed ropes in wave-protected bays and estuaries.

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Tiberio, F. C. S., T. A. Sampaio-e-Silva, D. M. S. Matos, and A. Z. Antunes. "The risks of introduction of the Amazonian palm Euterpe oleracea in the Atlantic rainforest." Brazilian Journal of Biology 76, no. 1 (2016): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.12114.

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Abstract The introduction of a species may alter ecological processes of native populations, such as pollination and dispersal patterns, leading to changes in population structure. When the introduced and the native species are congeners, interference in pollination can also lead to hybridization. We aimed to understand the ecological aspects of Euterpe oleracea introduction in the Atlantic forest and the possible consequences for the conservation of the native congener Euterpe edulis. We analysed the population structure of palm populations, including hybrids, and observed the interaction with frugivorous birds of both palm species after E. oleracea introduction. We observed that E. edulis had significantly lower density and a smaller number of seedlings when occurring with E. oleracea. Native and introduced Euterpe species shared nine frugivorous bird species. E. oleracea and hybrids had dispersed outside the original planting area. Consequently, the risks of introduction of E. oleracea may mostly be related to the disruption of interactions between E. edulis and frugivorous birds and the spontaneous production of hybrids. Finally, the cultivation of E. oleracea and hybrids in Atlantic rainforest could affect the conservation of the already endangered E. edulis.

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Huang, Zhuo, Si-Han Jin, Han-Du Guo, et al. "Genome-wide identification and characterization of TIFY family genes in Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) and expression profiling analysis under dehydration and cold stresses." PeerJ 4 (October 27, 2016): e2620. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2620.

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The proteins containing the TIFY domain belong to a plant-specific family of putative transcription factors and could be divided into four subfamilies: ZML, TIFY, PPD and JAZ. They not only function as key regulators of jasmonate hormonal response, but are also involved in responding to abiotic stress. In this study, we identified 24 TIFY genes (PeTIFYs) in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) of Poaceae by analyzing the whole genome sequence. OnePeTIFYbelongs to TIFY subfamily, 18 and five belong to JAZ and ZML subfamilies, respectively. Two equivocal gene models were re-predicted and a putative retrotransposition event was found in a ZML protein. The distribution and conservation of domain or motif, and gene structure were also analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis with TIFY proteins ofArabidopsisandOryza sativaindicated that JAZ subfamily could be further divided to four groups. Evolutionary analysis revealed intragenomic duplication and orthologous relationship betweenP. edulis,O. sativa, andB. distachyon. Calculation of the non-synonymous (Ka) and synonymous (Ks) substitution rates and their ratios indicated that the duplication ofPeTIFYmay have occurred around 16.7 million years ago (MYA), the divergence time of TIFY family among theP. edulis-O. sativa,P. edulis-B. distachyon,andO. sativa-B. distachyonwas approximately 39 MYA, 39 MYA, and 45 MYA, respectively. They appear to have undergone extensive purifying selection during evolution. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that more than 50% ofPeTIFYgenes could be up-regulated by cold and dehydration stresses, and somePeTIFYsalso share homology to know TIFYs involved in abiotic stress tolerance. Our results made insights into TIFY family of Moso bamboo, an economically important non-timber forest resource, and provided candidates for further identification of genes involved in regulating responses to abiotic stress.

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Gałgowska, Michalina, and Renata Pietrzak-Fiećko. "Cadmium and Lead Content in Selected Fungi from Poland and Their Edible Safety Assessment." Molecules 26, no. 23 (2021): 7289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237289.

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Mushrooms are able to accumulate toxic trace elements. This study investigates the content of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in selected species of fungi (Boletus badius, Boletus edulis, and Cantharellus cibarius) from the northeastern part of Poland and estimates their edible safety. The amount of Cd and Pb was determined by flameless atomic spectrometry using the iCE 3000 Series-Thermo. The mean content of Cd in analyzed mushrooms ranged from 0.370 to 2.151 mg/kg d.w., while Pb was found at the level of 0.243–0.424 mg/kg d.w. Boletus edulis was characterized by the highest content of Cd, whereas Cantharellus cibarius contained the biggest amount of Pb. Estimated exposure to the Cd intake expressed as percentage share in TWI (Tolerable Weekly Intake) was at the highest level in Boletus edulis (30.87%), which could be associated with the risk of excessive Cd accumulation in the body.

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Zou, Na, Ling Huang, Huijing Chen, et al. "Nitrogen form plays an important role in the growth of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) seedlings." PeerJ 8 (September 16, 2020): e9938. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9938.

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Background This study aimed to gain an understanding of the growth response of Phyllostachys edulis (moso bamboo) seedlings to nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) to benefit nutrient management practices and the design of proper fertilizer in nursery cultivation. Methods An orthogonal array L8(4×24) was used to study the effects of N forms (NH4+, NO3−), N concentrations (8, 32 mmol/L), and K+concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.5, 3 mmol/L) on seedling height, leaf number, chlorophyll content (SPAD value), biomass, root systems, and N content of P. edulis seedlings. Plants were grown in vermiculite under controlled greenhouse conditions. Results Our study showed that N form played a significant role in the overall performance of P. edulis seedlings, followed by the effect of N and K+ concentrations. Among the N forms, NH4+ significantly improved the growth of P. edulis seedlings compared with NO3−. Seedling height, leaf number, chlorophyll SPAD value, biomass, and root system architecture (root length, root surface area, root volume, and root tips) were greater with 8 mmol/L of NH4+ treatments than with 32 mmol/L of NH4+treatments, whereas root diameter and N content of P. edulis seedlings were higher with 32 mmol/L of NH4+ than with 8 mmol/L of NH4+. K displayed inconsistent effects on the growth of P. edulis seedlings. Specifically, seedling height, leaf number, biomass and root volume increased when the K+ concentration was increased from 0 to 0.5 mmol/L, followed by a decrease when the K+ concentration was further increased from 0.5 to 3 mmol/L. Root average diameter of the seedlings was the highest with a K+ concentration of 1.5 mmol/L, and K had some inhibitory effects on the chlorophyll SPAD value of the seedlings. P. edulis seedlings performed well with 8 mmol/L NH4+and further tolerated a higher concentration of both NH4+ and NO3−, although excessive N could inhibit seedling growth. A lower concertation of K (≤ 0.5 mmol/L) promoted seedling growth and increasing K+ concentration in the nutrient solution did not alleviate the inhibitory effect of high N on the growth of P. edulis seedlings. Therefore, NH4+nitrogen as the main form of N fertilizer, together with a low concertation of K+, should be supplied in the cultivation and nutrient management practices of moso bamboo.

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Carmona-Hernandez, Juan Carlos, Gonzalo Taborda-Ocampo, Jonathan C. Valdez, Bradley W. Bolling, and Clara Helena González-Correa. "Polyphenol Extracts from Three Colombian Passifloras (Passion Fruits) Prevent Inflammation-Induced Barrier Dysfunction of Caco-2 Cells." Molecules 24, no. 24 (2019): 4614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244614.

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Chronic intestinal inflammation is associated with pathophysiology of obesity and inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastrointestinal inflammation increases barrier dysfunction exacerbating the immune response and perpetuating chronic inflammation. Anti-inflammatory flavonoids may prevent this intestinal barrier dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the polyphenol composition of Colombian Passiflora edulis var. Flavicarpa (Maracuyá), Passiflora edulis var. Sims (Gulupa), and Passiflora ligularis var. Juss (Granadilla) (passion fruits) and to evaluate their ability to inhibit disruption of intestinal barrier dysfunction of Caco-2 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) cells by an inflammatory cocktail (IC). Polyphenols (flavan-3-ols, phenolic acids, flavonols), xanthenes, and a terpene were identified in passion fruits. Cyanidin 3-rutinoside, (+)-catechin and ferulic acid were the most abundant phenolics in P. edulis var. Flavicarpa, P. edulis var. Sims, and P. ligularis var. Juss, respectively. Fruit extracts prevented loss of transepithelial electrical resistance in Caco-2 cells treated with the IC. Among the extracts, P. ligularis var. Juss was most effective at maintaining Caco-2 transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) with ~73% relative to the IC-treated cells with about 43% of initial TEER values. This fruit had cyanidin-3-rutinoside, (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, and ferulic acid in its phenolic profile. Results of this work support the hypothesis that consumption of passion fruit extracts could benefit intestinal health.

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Manshur, Hanif Alamudin, and Hiya Alfi Rahmah. "Pengaruh Pemberian Sari Buah Markisa Ungu (Passiflora edulis Var. Edulis sims) terhadap Ketebalan Dinding Aorta Tikus (Rattus norvegicus ) Strain Wistar yang Diberi Diet Aterogenik." Food Technology and Halal Science Journal 3, no. 2 (2020): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/fths.v3i2.13217.

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Coronary heart disease which still become a health problem in the world and included the main causes of death is a clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is an accumulation of cholesterol crystals on arteries wall. Purple passion fruit concentrate (Passiflora edulis var. edulis Sims) contains β-carotene, vitamine C and flavonoids compounds. Those are antioxidants that may inhibit atherosclerosis through hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of purple passion fruit concentrate (Passiflora edulis var.edulis Sims) to the thickness of aortic wall of rats (Rattus norvegicus wistar strain) that had been given atherogenic diet. This research was experimental, with posttest only control group design. The study was conducted for 60 days using 30 male wistar rats which was divided randomly into 5 groups: K (-) (normal diet), K (+) (atherogenic diet), P1 (atherogenic diet + passion fruit concentrate 17,5 ml/kgBW ), P2 (atherogenic diet + passion fruit concentrate 21,87 ml/kgBW ), and P3 (atherogenic diet + passion fruit juice 26,25 ml /kgBW). Dependent variable was the thickness of the aortic wall, which was measured by using a optical microscope completed with ocular micrometer at a magnification of 400 times. Analysis of data using One Way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Tuckey. The results showed that administration of the purple passion fruit concentrate (Passiflora edulis var. Edulis Sims) could reduce the thickness of aortic wall of rats (Rattus norvegicus wistar strain) which were exposed to atherogenic diet with an optimal dose was 17.5 ml / kgBW/day (p <0.001). Suggestions of this study was to test the effectiveness of the purple passion fruit concentrate when applied to humans.

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Nguyen, Thi Van Anh, Duc Huy Bui, and Hong Luyen Le. "Potent inhibitory effect on human platelet aggregation of the aerial part of Canna edulis." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 62, no. 3 (2024): 425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/19013.

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Canna edulis Ker Gawl has been used in Vietnamese Traditional Medicine for the treatment of heart diseases with very limited scientific evidence. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect on human platelet aggregation of the aerial part of C. edulis. Aerial C. edulis was firstly macerated with methanol, and then fractionated with different solvents to obtain 3 fractions: n-hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts. The inhibitory effects on human platelet aggregation of extracts were evaluated via three parameters: percentage inhibition of platelet aggregation (%I), area under the aggregation curve (AUC) and aggregation slope, using two agonists adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen. The results showed that all extracts significantly inhibited platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner for both agonists. Moreover, all extracts significantly decreased AUC and slope, indicating their antiaggregatory effects on both general aggregation and aggregation velocity. Among extracts, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the strongest effect regardless of agonists used (%I at 4 mg/mL, 99.2% for both ADP and collagen). The n-hexane fraction also had significant inhibitory effect but it was weaker than the others (p < 0.05). This is the first study to demonstrate the potent antiplatelet effect of the aerial part of C. edulis. This plant could be a potential natural source for searching novel antiplatelet agents and developing dietary supplements for management of cardiovascular diseases.

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Ferro, Angelica, Sylvian Cretton, Ariele Abreu Venturini Polese, Denise Coutinho Endringer, and Muriel Cuendet. "Active Compounds From Inga edulis Martius Seeds Against Multiple Myeloma." Natural Product Communications 17, no. 11 (2022): 1934578X2211311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x221131125.

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Multiple myeloma is an incurable hematological cancer with an average survival time of only 5 to 10 years due to the high rate of relapse and resistance. Although the introduction of novel classes of drugs has improved the standard of care, new strategies are urgently needed. Plants are primary sources of bioactive natural compounds for cancer treatment. This study aimed at evaluating the in vitro inhibitory activity of the Inga edulis seed extract against multiple myeloma cells, as well as the compounds isolated from this extract. The ethanolic extract of the seeds of I. edulis inhibited 85% of RPMI 8226 cell proliferation at 20 µg/mL. Then, the extract was subjected to a bioassay-guided fractionation to afford 3 saponins known as concinnoside D (1), julibroside A1 (2), and julibroside A3 (3). The isolated saponins exhibited antiproliferative activity with IC50 values in the low µM range for compounds 2 and 3. Compound 1 was considered inactive (IC50 > 20 µM). Therefore, the seeds of I. edulis could be considered as a source of active compounds against multiple myeloma.

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Yadang, Fanta Sabine Adeline, Yvette Nguezeye, Christelle Wayoue Kom, et al. "Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice: Neuroprotective Effects of Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Valh (Apocynaceae) Aqueous Extract." International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2020 (August 31, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6372059.

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Alzheimer’s disease is first characterised by memory loss related to the central cholinergic system alteration. Available drugs provide symptomatic treatment with known side effects. The present study is aimed to evaluate the properties of Carissa edulis aqueous extract on a Scopolamine mouse model as an attempt to search for new compounds against Alzheimer’s disease-related memory impairment. Memory impairment was induced by administration of 1 mg/kg (i.p.) of Scopolamine for 7 days, and mice were treated with Carissa edulis aqueous extract. Behavioural studies were performed using T-maze and novel object recognition task for assessing learning and memory and open field test for locomotion. Brain acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activity was measured to evaluate the central cholinergic system. The level of MDA, glutathione, and catalase activity were measured to evaluate the oxidative stress level. Administration of Scopolamine shows a decrease in learning and memory enhancement during behavioural studies. A significant decrease in the time spent in the preferred arm of T-maze, in the time spent in the exploration of the novel object, and in the discrimination index of the familiar object was also observed. The significant impairment of the central cholinergic system was characterised in mice by an increase of AChE activity to 2.55±0.10 mol/min/g with an increase in oxidative stress. Treatment with the different doses of Carissa edulis (62.8, 157, 314, and 628 mg/kg orally administrated) significantly increased the memory of mice in T-maze and novel object recognition tests and also ameliorated locomotion of mice in the open field. Carissa edulis aqueous extract treatment also decreases the AChE activity and brain oxidative stress. It is concluded that administration of Carissa edulis aqueous extract enhances memory of mice by reducing AChE activity and demonstrating antioxidant properties. This could be developed into a novel therapy against memory impairment related to Alzheimer’s disease.

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Zakwan Samudin, Muhammad Izzat, Muhammad Yusran Abdul Aziz, and Yusof Nurhayati. "Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Passiflora edulis Extract." Journal Of Agrobiotechnology 13, no. 2 (2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.2.291.

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Passion fruit is a type of wild exotic plant in Malaysia. Common passion fruits planted in Malaysia are Passiflora edulis Sims (purple) and Passiflora edulis var flavicarpa (yellow). These fruits contain a high amount of antioxidants, polyphenols and vitamin C and are widely used as fruit juice, jam, and syrup product. However, there is a lack of information about the nutritional composition of the juice and seed of P. edulis (purple) cultivated in Malaysia. This study aims to determine the total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) content of P. edulis (purple) using two different solvent extraction, 70% of ethanol and 70% of methanol. The total phenolic content (TPC) was carried out by using Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) method, while the antioxidant activity was analysed using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay to determine the IC50 value of extracted samples. Ascorbic acid content from fresh juice and seeds samples was analysed by using Indophenol (DCPIP) method. The result showed that the extraction using ethanol produced the highest TPC with 9.249±0.04 mg GAE/g in seeds and 0.0139±0.02 mg GAE/g in juice, respectively. The lowest IC50 value was obtained by sample extracted with ethanol, which was 83.85±4.66 mg/L in seed and 305.47±5.28 mg/L in juice. The seed sample (53.68±4.95 mg/100mg) exhibited a high ascorbic acid content compared to the juice sample (46.66±3.28 mg/100mg). In conclusion, seeds of P. edulis possessed the strongest antioxidant activity and vitamin C content. This study could contribute to information regarding the phytochemical constituents and suitable solvent for extraction of phenolic compounds that can act as antioxidants and thus promote health effects on the human body.

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Tchoffo, Herve, Nathalie Ngwemetah, Donatien Albert Atsamo, et al. "Blood Parameters, Kidney Histology and Growth Performances in Gallus gallus Domesticus (Brahma) Hens Fed a Diet Supplemented with Dacryodes edulis (Safou) Powder Leaves." Poultry 2, no. 2 (2023): 187–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020016.

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The leaf extracts of Dacryodes edulis possess high concentrations of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins with various biological activities, including antimicrobial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. These activities can be used in animal production to avoid the energy lost in favor of growth and reproduction. A total of 48 Brahma hens (45 days old), weighing on average 400 ± 12 g, were randomly distributed into four dietary treatment groups (12 birds each) with four replicates per group. The control group (T0) received 0% D. edulis, while the three test groups (T0.25, T0.50, and T0.75) were given feed with D. edulis powder leaves at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75%, respectively, for a period of 60 days. Water and feed were supplied ad libitum. At the end of the study period (60 days), eight birds per treatment (two per replicate) were fasted, weighed, and slaughtered. Blood samples and organs were collected for analysis of growth characteristics, oxidative stress, and toxicity indices. This study revealed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in feed intake and live body weight with 0.75% D. edilus powder leaves. Abdominal fat was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) lower with 0.75% D. edilus powder leaves compared to the control group. Serum Aspartate aminotransferase activity was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in birds exposed to 0.75% D. edulis leaf powder compared to the control group. The use of D. edulis leaf powder as feed additive in feed could reduce oxidative stress and improve growth performance in Brahma. More research can be conducted on D. edilus, and it can be used in broiler feed at 0.75% concentration, which has shown a significant increase and decrease, respectively, in live body weight and serum aspartate aminotransferase activity.

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Aviekin, Y. V., N. V. Nuzhyna, and M. M. Gaidarzhy. "Metamorphosis differences of caudiciform plants as an adaptation to arid conditions." Biosystems Diversity 31, no. 1 (2023): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/012303.

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In the course of evolution, the formation of succulent variations in the underground and surface parts of plants in different taxa could occur simultaneously under the influence of similar abiotic factors, in particular as an adaptation to arid conditions, and similar structural features even in distant families are a manifestation of convergent evolution. Along with this, the development of such adaptive structures in ontogeny can occur in different ways in different taxa. Studying the anatomical and morphological features of the vegetative organs of Fockea edulis (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) at the early stages of ontogenesis and comparing them with those of other plants will improve the understanding of the features of growth and development of caudex-like plants. The research was conducted on seedlings, juvenile and immature plants of F. edulis. When comparing the features of the development of vegetative parts of three representatives of the Apocynaceae family, we found that the strategy of succulent traits development in F. edulis at the organ level is characterized by the active development of the hypocotyl already at the seedling stage, similar to Adenium obesum, and the subsequent formation of an expanded basal part of the stem due to the combined cortex-pith thickening and radish-like root due to the growth of xylem parenchyma. However, Petopentia natalensis is characterized by a mesophytic seedling. It was established that secondary thickening in the basal part of the stem occurs in two individual ways: in Adenium obesum, the cambium generates solid rings of phloem and parenchymatized xylem; in P. natalensis and F. edulis, the bundle type of conducting elements is preserved. The thickening of the tap root in F. edulis is similar to that in A. obesum.

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Viera, William, Takashi Shinohara, Atsushi Sanada, Naoki Terada, Lenin Ron, and Kaihei Koshio. "Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Yellow and Purple Passion Fruit Genotypes Cultivated in Ecuador." Horticulturae 8, no. 8 (2022): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8080754.

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Seed is a fundamental tool to carry out breeding processes and for the propagation of the crops; however, seed propagation generally has low and irregular germination. Passion fruit (Passiflora) species are economically important for Ecuador, which is the main exporter of passion fruit concentrate in Latin America. Ecuadorian farmers propagate new plants by seeds to establish new passion fruit orchards or to extend their cultivated area. The objective of this research was to determine the differences in germination and seedling development with the application of priming methods in five genotypes of passion fruit belonging to three different taxa that are of commercial use in Ecuador. The genotypes used were: INIAP 2009 and P10 (P. edulis f. flavicarpa), Gulupa (P. edulis f. edulis), and local germplasms POR1 (P. edulis f. flavicarpa) and PICH1 (P. maliformis). The priming methods were: water (control), hydrogen peroxide at 15%, potassium nitrate at 1%, PEG 6000 at −1.2 MPa, and gibberellic acid at 500 ppm. The results showed that there was a genotype-response depending on the priming method. Nevertheless, Polietilenoglicol (PEG 6000) could be considered as a promising method to encourage seed germination and promote seedling growth in the Passiflora species. More research regarding the use of this compound has to be carried out in order to determine in depth the physiological processes related to its functions to improve seed germination as well as production of vigorous seedlings.

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