Academic literature on the topic 'Counseling – Philosophy'

Many philosophical counselors seem to be counselors who use or point to phil­osophical texts or use abstract indeed logical or rational methods when working with a client. I want to introduce the idea of a counseling philosopher, who uses the client’s own concrete experiences as the basis for philosophizing with the client about the nature of the client’s dilemma - using ‘the between’ (Buber) as that special creative space where one em­ploys the art of philosophizing to the unique situation. Otherwise, the particularity of that client gets subsumed under theory or methods, much like what has happened in psychology and which gave rise to Achenbach’s criticisms of psychology/psychiatry. The dialogical of which Buber and Friedman speak is the give and take between client and counseling philosopher of understanding and expanding perceptions confirmed through the actual relationship. Philosophy as an art (and not a method) helps us restore the trust Buber talks about which allows us to engage the world directly and not through categories of thought grounded in psychological or philosophical texts and theories.

Abstract: this paper aims to describe Islamic counseling from a philosophical perspective. However, Islamic counseling cannot be separated from the philosophical foundation as a foundation in analyzing the ontology, epistemology and axiology of Islamic counseling. This paper uses a library research approach, where data is obtained and collected from literature studies. Analysis of the data in this paper requires the author's important role in interpreting the data. In the end, the material object of Islamic Counseling philosophy is the same as the object of philosophy in general, namely everything that exists. Islamic counseling study methods can be done by; Normative, Historical, Linguistic, Contextual, Traditional, Critical, Hermeneutic Approaches.

Counseling has been such a trend in 21 century, as a science that studied a human in psychology perspective. However, it appear with progressive touch, has affect in human mindset in every life that undertake. In 21 century development, many opinion and argumentation about counseling has an uniqueness in philosophy multicultural perspective that counseling has linkage with cultural and philosophy values in human it self, that make a new paradigm has been raise to the surface, such indigineous counseling and multicultural counseling perspective. Regardless with that paradigm, we can’t deny that basically all of science was from a human philosophy about their life with purpose to make understand and handle their life with solving a problems. But is there all of cultural and philosophy can be a such formulation to solve the problem? If cultural and philosophy values transform to such formulation as a science, is there a procedure and criteria to admitt that? Also if counseling only such philosophy or science, practical intervention, how to implemented in real life that has a multicultural and multivalues in philosophy of life? In this article, will describe such a synthesize about counseling as a science or practical science in education in multicultural philosophy paradigm and perception counselor about counseling profession.

AbstrakIlmu Bimbingan dan Konseling adalah ilmu pengetahuan yang mandiri berakar pada filsafat dan agama. Perkembangan Ilmu Bimbingan dan Konseling dari filsafat Bimbingan dan Konseling yang didukung oleh ilmu pendidikan, psikologi, sosiologi, antropologi, budaya yang berintegrasi dan saling menguatkan antara filsafat dan disiplin ilmu dasar serta melahirkan filsafat bimbingan dan konseling yang melandasi disiplin ilmu Bimbingan dan Konseling. Dukungan IPTEK, budaya, dan suasana lingkungan menjadi dasar untuk pengembangan teori dan praksis bimbingan dan konseling. Perkembangan Bimbingan dan konseling tidak lagi terbatas pada setting sekolah, melainkan menjangkau bidang-bidang di luar pendidikan yang memberikan nuansa dan corak pada penyelenggaraan upaya pengembangan individu yang lebih sensitif, antisipatif, proaktif, dan responsif terhadap kebutuhan dan tuntutan perkembangan individu dan masyarakat. AbstractGuidance and Counseling Science is an independent science which is rooted in philosophy and religion. The development of Guidance and Counselling Studies of philosophy Counseling is supported by educational science, psychology, sociology, anthropology, cultural integration and mutually reinforcing between philosophy and basic scientific disciplines and delivers philosophy that underlies Guidance and Counseling disciplines. The support of science and technology, culture, and the atmosphere becomes the basis for the development of the theory and praxis of guidance and counseling. The development of guidance and counseling is no longer confined to the school setting, but to reach areas outside of education that give situation and shades on the efforts on the implementation of the development of the more sensitive, anticipatory, proactive, and responsive individuals to the needs and demands of the development of individuals and society.

ETHICS OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE APPROACH. In philosophy view, ethic was a valueable and evaluation about a good and bad things in the human self. Ethic is also call moral philosophy as a apart of axiology in science philosophy. In every science has an axiology that purpose of utilization for prosperity of a human life. Guidance and counseling is a science full of values, that because of it’s a multidicipliner science. This based of four field guidance which of personal, learning, social and career. This field has make a counselor must understand and proficiency with sociology, antrophology, psychology, and eduation science. That will lead a counseling as multidicipliner science has a full of values to covering the process of counseling practice. However the axiology of counseling make little complex to discuss in philosophy foundation, also in psychology, sociology, antrophology and education. In this article will describe and discuss an ethics in counseling as a multidicipliner science in the view point of philosophy, psychology, and education. Also an ethics in counseling profession as applicative science.

Counseling has been such a trend in 21 century, as a science that studied a human in psychology perspective. However, it appear with progressive touch, has affect in human mindset in every life that undertake. In 21 century development, many opinion and argumentation about counseling has an uniqueness in philosophy multicultural perspective that counseling has linkage with cultural and philosophy values in human it self, that make a new paradigm has been raise to the surface, such indigineous counseling and multicultural counseling perspective. Regardless with that paradigm, we can’t deny that basically all of science was from a human philosophy about their life with purpose to make understand and handle their life with solving a problems. But it is not all of cultural and philosophy values can be a such formulation to solve a problems, and if it can be transform to such formulation as a science, there are a procedure and criteria to be needed. Also if a counseling as a philosophy or science and also practical intervention, how to implemented in real life with a multicultural and multivalues in philosophy of life. In this article, will describe more further such a synthesize that counseling can be a science or practical science in educational multicultural philosophy paradigm and a result found that 27 (45%) counselor perception about counseling profession that as educational practice.

Philosophical tenets have been at the heart of the counseling process since its inception. This study explores the factors present within a graduate-level counseling class that directly teaches these philosophical foundations through an exploration of dialectics and its impact on the medium of conversation. Interviews were conducted with both the professor that created the class as well as its current instructor along with focus groups of both current program students and program alumni. The fundamental aim was to understand the processes at work within the class and their influence on its students. The results suggest that by bringing the students into awareness of their own interpretative process by reading and discussing dense philosophical works that require them to bring something of themselves to the literature, the class fosters within its students an understanding and appreciation for the pervasiveness of the interpretative process within all people, especially those that will one day be their clients. This knowledge also seems to provide the students with a paradigm compatible across all perspectives and theories that will contribute to their counselor education.

The purpose of this thesis is to address the question, "Is Peer Counselling a way of fostering or promoting the existential notion of authenticity?" The intention of Peer Counselling is to improve the psychological health and well being of its participants (both counsellors and counsellees) through peer intervention and education. Peer Counselling training is a curriculum and method wherein students are taught to listen to and help in the choice-making process of their peers. Peer Counselling, both training and outreach interaction, encourages the development of positive identity and responsible independence as individuals exercise more control over their experiences. It seeks to create opportunities to learn how to actively and intentionally use experiences to gain new levels of confidence and competence. A process oriented, experiential training approach, it ensures the content is relevant to the learner. The self-directed attitude and approach of peer counselling encourages counsellors and counsellees alike to become active participants in their own development, in their own life choices. The acquisition of interpersonal communication skills such as empathic listening, facilitative questioning, decision making and values clarification may aid both counsellor and counsellee in a movement towards the existential notion of authenticity. Authenticity includes such characteristics and qualities as: genuineness in 'good faith'; autonomy; discovery of one's 'care structure'; creative choice making; critical examination of societally imposed norms; radical responsibility for the conditions and perspectives of one's life; and an openness to the dynamic nature of one's unique being. Re-constructions of peer counselling interactions provide opportunity to examine the theoretical possiblities for peer counselling to promote authenticity. Finally the implications of merging this curriculum with the philosophical notion of authenticity is examined in the light of actual classroom experience. Implications for pedagogy are discussed.
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Extra-marital affairs are common in the US and frequently result in difficulties for individuals, families, and society as a whole. Empirical research on the topic is problematic. There is no universally accepted psychological definition of what behaviors or experiences constitute an affair; there are value-laden assumptions about marriage and affairs that are not usually questioned as part of the design or discussion of studies; and, there are non-trivial non-response biases in sampling on the topic. As a result there is a lack of meaningful psychological understanding of affairs and a dearth of evidence to support clear treatment directions for those who seek psychotherapy for this common issue. In an attempt to understand the essential psychological structure of the beginning of affairs, a descriptive phenomenological psychological study of the experiences from three adults who have had affairs (as they define them) and who had promised monogamy was undertaken. These interviews were transcribed, transformed and analyzed using Giorgi’s (2009) descriptive phenomenological method for psychology. The resulting structure of the experience includes the following constituents: dissatisfaction with the marriage and hopelessness about it improving; a sense of the self and the spouse having a fixed character that does not change; a lack of curiosity for the spouse; a preference for passion and novelty; a sense of deserving sexual satisfaction; the experience of passion overriding judgment; and, a lack of real consideration of divorce as a solution to the dilemma prior to the affair. In addition, passive intentionality, (Husserl, 2001), is offered to explain how a series of interactions with another outside the marriage develops into an affair before it is grasped as such. This structure is potentially clinically meaningful as thus far it has not been articulated in a descriptive and complete manner. It offers direction for the future development of clinical interventions and provides entry points into: discussions of ethics, values, intimacy, passion and subjectivity; marriage reform; and, the socio-historical contexts in which the meaning of affairs is located. Keywords: Extra-marital affair, monogamy, non-monogamy, marriage, infidelity, couples’ counseling, Giorgi, phenomenological research methods, intentionality.

Ritualized initiations are explored as having an important role in the breakdown of ego that is necessary for the growth and integration of components of the self once hidden in the shadows of the unconscious. In the modern world, the drive for linear growth and financial conquest has broken connection to archetypal, spiritual, and mythical guidance as well as to the numinous experiences that allow transformation. Through heuristic methodology, both depth psychological literature as well as broader media are considered to determine the importance of initiation for psychic growth and how a lost connection affects recent generations. This work shows that through the psychotherapeutic process, the therapist can provide the stage needed for a client in a transitional phase of life to safely break down and rebuild the ego structure necessary to move toward individuation.

Depth psychology, as a tradition originating from Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung, today differentiates itself from other practices of counseling psychology by claiming a special focus upon the soul and its experience of imagination. But the study of philosophy shows how the tenets of depth psychology are problematic—the anima mundi is a misunderstanding that brings about significant consequences for the practice of psychotherapy. This thesis undertakes a hermeneutic methodology by examining particular writings from philosophers Gotthold E. Lessing and Soren Kierkegaard. These works indicate the problematic character of thought that is not in accord with the beautiful, whereby a question is raised regarding how a psychotherapy that is informed by philosophy might make human life more beautiful. At the basis of these themes is the account of noetic heterogeneity and phantasia (“appearing”) in Aristotle’s De Anima, which is examined in relation to Michael Elliott’s new psychotherapy of Philosophic Psychology.

Words are a human medium for relaying any and all psychic states, from mundane to profound, and as a medium of description language also is considered an archetype. In the practice of psychotherapy the practitioner and client must find common linguistic ground in order to collaborate effectively and facilitate the therapeutic process. This thesis utilizes hermeneutic, alchemical hermeneutic, and heuristic methodologies— interweaving mythology, philosophy, psychology, and literature—as a means of emphasizing the poetic nature of the soul and a multifaceted approach to what James Hillman referred to as "soul-making." The research is guided by the principal question: How does language shift the imaginative landscape and deepen experience? Hermes is present in this work as a mythological figure as well as the archetypal representation of shape-shifting, uncertainty, and the ability to move in and out of literal and nonliteral realms, emphasizing the importance of metaphor in the therapeutic encounter.

One of the most pressing concerns that universities and colleges face today is the drug and alcohol abuse of students. In order to address this, there is a need to strengthen university policies in order to mitigate the increasing rate and cases of drug and alcohol abuse among students. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between college students’ level of awareness of policy, procedure, and interventions on drug and alcohol abuse and their reported drug alcohol use in a selected university. Specifically, this study examined how aware 160 first- to fourth-year college students are regarding the drug and alcohol policies, procedures, and interventions implemented on their college campus. The researcher asked 14 research questions to determine the relationships between students’ reported alcohol and drug use and factors including: awareness of alcohol drug policies and procedures, year level in college, age, ethnic group, marital status, gender, current residence, working status, living arrangement, cumulative GPA, the availability of drugs and alcohol at college parties, student enrollment status, family history of alcohol, and time spent volunteering per month. The researcher administered the Core Alcohol and Drug Survey (CADS) to measure these variables. The results indicated that the factors that had a significant relationship with alcohol and drug use were the awareness of campus policies, marital status, availability of drugs and alcohol at parties, student status, and hours spent volunteering. The rest of the variables did not have a significant relationship to the students’ alcohol and drug use. These results will contribute to more effective alcohol and drug prevention and treatment programs for students that address these significant factors.

This phenomenological study explored transgender individuals’ lived experiences of romantic relationship. This study utilized the concepts of Jung’s transcendent function and Buddhism’s middle way in order to articulate the transgender individuals’ felt experience of romantic relationships. Eight participants were interviewed and provided the research data, which was then examined in order to articulate and describe the experiences of the participants. This researcher found that most of this study’s participants pursued the fulfillment of their genuine gender individualities and participated in romantic relationships that are built on the full expression of their authentic gender identities. Additionally, many participants reported that their relationships were built around values such as support, negotiation, communication, and compromise. Further, multiple participants described the presence of the third, or in other words, the multiple or plural spectrum, via the ways of working through romantic relationship issues by forming contracts and an openness to co-create defined relationship boundaries. This research arrives at an understanding of the transgender romantic relationship and subsequently, human relationships through depth psychological understanding. The findings are discussed in connection to the themes provided by the participants: the personal evolution of their transgender experience, the experiences of living in a romantic relationship, and the experiences of the third. Further areas of depth psychological research, study, and clinical implications are also discussed.