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Journal articles on the topic 'Counterargument'

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1

Du, Fangyuan. "The Analysis of Argument-Counterargument Structure in Chinese EFL Learners’ Argumentative Writing." Journal of Studies in Education 7, no. 3 (2017): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jse.v7i3.11275.

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This study aims to analyze argument-counterargument structure of English argumentative essays written by Chinese EFL university students, based on the adapted Toulmin’s (2003) model of the argument structure constituting four elements (i.e. claim, data, counterargument and rebuttal). It also measures whether there is a correlation between the use of counterargument structure and the participants’ overall essay quality assessed by an online AWE (Automated Writing Evaluation) program. Three hundred and ninety students with various majors in a Chinese university submitted their argumentative essa
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Zuriff, G. E. "A counterargument, nevertheless." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11, no. 1 (1988): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00053371.

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3

Asano, Koki. "A Counterargument to Skepticism of Akrasia." Kagaku tetsugaku 41, no. 2 (2008): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4216/jpssj.41.2_17.

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Orellana, Pelusa. "Using the Seminar Format to Explore Pre-service Teachers’ Argumentative Abilities in English as a Foreign Language." GiST Education and Learning Research Journal, no. 10 (June 20, 2015): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26817/16925777.267.

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The current study describes the introduction of seminar discussions in a literature course to track students’ growth in argument production across the semester. Sixteen students enrolled in a required teacher education course were asked to plan and facilitate a 50-minute seminar discussion on a literary text, following the Paideia Seminar protocol. The course was taught in English, although the students’ first language was Spanish. Over the course of the semester, I monitored students’ progress in developing evidence-based coherent arguments and counterarguments. Pre-service teachers not only
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Inagaki, Hirosuke. "Further Comments on the Counterargument by Abe." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 50, no. 3 (1986): 348–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.50.3_348.

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Abe, Mitsunobu. "Counterargument to the Additional Comment by Inagaki." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 50, no. 3 (1986): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.50.3_350.

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Nussbaum, E. Michael, and Gregory Schraw. "Promoting Argument-Counterargument Integration in Students' Writing." Journal of Experimental Education 76, no. 1 (2007): 59–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/jexe.76.1.59-92.

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8

Wolfe, Christopher R., M. Anne Britt, Melina Petrovic, Michael Albrecht, and Kristopher Kopp. "The efficacy of a Web-based counterargument tutor." Behavior Research Methods 41, no. 3 (2009): 691–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/brm.41.3.691.

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De Vincentis, Mauro Nasti. "Chrysippus’ counterargument against the Master Argument: a reappraisal." SATS 19, no. 2 (2018): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sats-2018-2001.

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Abstract It is widely held that as a nego suppositum, Chrysippus’ response to Diodorus Cronus’ Master Argument is that the impossible “this man has died” follows from the possible “Dio has died”. A principal claim of this article is that Chrysippus was not actually committed, against Diodorus, to the tenet that there are deductions and conditionals whereby from the possible the impossible follows. I argue that this is most likely part of a Chrysippean exemplum fictum of a real dialectical discussion and it merely reflects a Chrysippean dialectical strategy, a merely instrumental agreement (συγ
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10

McCarthy, Philip M., Noor W. Kaddoura, Khawlah Ahmed, et al. "Metadiscourse and Counterargument Integration in Student Argumentative Papers." English Language Teaching 14, no. 6 (2021): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n6p96.

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Incorporating counterarguments can be challenging for many student-writers, including those for whom English is a second or other language. In this study, we present findings that may lead to improvements in students’ understanding of the benefits of integrating counterarguments. In our study, expert readers were presented with excerpts of student academic writing in order to assess the degree to which counterarguments could be identified through student deployment of metadiscoursal features. The results suggest that student-writers deploy metadiscoursal features with insufficient fr
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Driscoll, Daniel. "Do Carbon Prices Limit Economic Growth?" Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 6 (January 2020): 237802311989832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023119898326.

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The most common counterargument to taxing carbon emissions is that the policy has a negative impact on economic growth. The author tests the validity of this argument by visualizing the enactment of carbon prices on gross domestic product per capita from 1979 to 2018 and presenting a formal fixed-effects regression analysis of panel data. No connection is found between carbon price implementation and diminished economic growth. This outcome is primarily due to policy design and the general nature of economic growth. The author concludes that this counterargument to enacting carbon prices exist
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Choi, Hyeon Sil, and Jayoung Che. "Procedure Democracy as a Counterargument to Zizek’s Equality-Democracy." Social Science Research Review 34, no. 4 (2018): 229–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18859/ssrr.2018.11.34.4.229.

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13

Hayen, Andrew. "A Counterargument to Encounter Frequency and Target Achievement: Measurement Variability." Archives of Internal Medicine 172, no. 4 (2012): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.807.

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14

Ivanov, Bobi, Kimberly A. Parker, and Lindsay L. Dillingham. "Measuring Counterargument: A Review and Critique of the Most Popular Techniques." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Communication 7, no. 3 (2013): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2324-7320/cgp/v07i03/53578.

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15

Nam,Kwon-Hee та 권오덕. "Counterargument Against Mistranslation in Judgement of Zeungdogaja(證道歌字)". Journal of the Institute of Bibliography ll, № 64 (2015): 349–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17258/jib.2015..64.349.

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Bresnahan, Mary, Jie Zhuang, Yi Zhu, Joshua Nelson, and Xiaodi Yan. "How is stigma communicated? Use of negative counterargument to communicate stigma." Stigma and Health 3, no. 3 (2018): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/sah0000091.

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Morrison, Fritha. "A Counterargument to Encounter Frequency and Target Achievement: Measurement Variability—Reply." Archives of Internal Medicine 172, no. 4 (2012): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.1414.

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18

Arandjelović, Ognjen. "A more principled use of the p -value? Not so fast: a critique of Colquhoun’s argument." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 5 (2019): 181519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181519.

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The usefulness of the statistic known as the p -value, as a means of quantifying the strength of evidence for the presence of an effect from empirical data has long been questioned in the statistical community. In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the awareness of both fundamental and practical limitations of the statistic within the target research fields and especially biomedicine. In this article, I analyse the recently published article (Colquhoun 2017 R. Soc. open sci. 4 , 171085 ( doi:10.1098/rsos.171085 )) which, in summary, argues that with a better understanding and t
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KUNIMUNE, Kōzō. "CRISIS IN JAPAN AND THE WAY OUT: A COUNTERARGUMENT TO PESSIMISTIC VIEWS." Developing Economies 37, no. 4 (1999): 514–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1049.1999.tb00244.x.

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20

Ku, Kelly Y. L., Eva C. M. Lai, and K. T. Hau. "Epistemological beliefs and the effect of authority on argument–counterargument integration: An experiment." Thinking Skills and Creativity 13 (September 2014): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2014.03.004.

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21

Nussbaum, E. Michael. "Using argumentation vee diagrams (AVDs) for promoting argument-counterargument integration in reflective writing." Journal of Educational Psychology 100, no. 3 (2008): 549–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.100.3.549.

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22

Ecker, Ullrich K. H., Stephan Lewandowsky, Kalpana Jayawardana, and Alexander Mladenovic. "Refutations of Equivocal Claims: No Evidence for an Ironic Effect of Counterargument Number." Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition 8, no. 1 (2019): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2018.07.005.

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23

Galoob*, Stephen R., and Ethan J. Leib*. "Motives and Fiduciary Loyalty." American Journal of Jurisprudence 65, no. 1 (2020): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajj/auaa002.

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Abstract: How, if at all, do motives matter to loyalty? We have argued that loyalty (and the duty of loyalty in fiduciary law) has a cognitive dimension. This kind of “cognitivist” account invites the counterargument that, because most commercial fiduciary relationships involve financial considerations, purity of motive cannot be central to loyalty in the fiduciary context. We contend that this counterargument depends on a flawed understanding of the significance of motive to loyalty. We defend a view of the importance of motivation to loyalty that we call the compatibility account. On this vi
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24

MORO, Shigeki. "Counterargument to the West : Buddhist Logicians’ Criticisms of Christianity and Republicanism in Meiji Japan." International Journal of Buddhist Thought and Culture 27, no. 2 (2017): 181–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.16893/ijbtc.2017.12.27.2.181.

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25

Smirnova, A. S. "PARODY RELIGIOSITY AS A COUNTERARGUMENT TO THE INACTION OF THE CHURCH AND THE LAW." Ethnic processes in the Arctic, North and Siberia 1, no. 4 (2020): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37993/2713-1815-2020-1-4-40-51.

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26

Cainzos-Achirica, Miguel, and Usama Bilal. "Polypill for Population-Level Primary Cardiovascular Prevention in Underserved Populations—A Social Epidemiology Counterargument." American Journal of Medicine 133, no. 10 (2020): e541-e543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.04.017.

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27

Staben, Julian, and Hannfried Leisterer. "International Cross-Surveillance: Global IT Surveillance Arbitrage and the Principle of Proportionality as a Counterargument." Surveillance & Society 15, no. 1 (2017): 108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v15i1.5277.

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In the course of the revelations about both U.S. and European national surveillance programmes, remarkable constellations have come to light. Most national programmes are focused on the surveillance of IT-based communication among foreigners and between citizens and foreigners. This fact has often been employed as a mitigating argument within the national legal and policy discourses. This paper examines some of the possible loopholes and “dents” in the law that enable intelligence agencies to engage in international IT surveillance arbitrage. Fundamental rights currently do not protect against
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28

Rusfandi. "Argument-Counterargument Structure in Indonesian EFL Learners’ English Argumentative Essays: A Dialogic Concept of Writing." RELC Journal 46, no. 2 (2015): 181–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033688215587607.

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29

Wu, Alan H. B. "Screening the General Population for SARS-CoV-2 Virus and COVID-19 Antibodies: A Counterargument." Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine 5, no. 5 (2020): 1107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaa104.

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30

YI, HUIYUHL. "Fischer on the Fragilist Account of Alternative Possibilities." Dialogue 52, no. 4 (2013): 787–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217313000772.

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One response to the Frankfurtian attack on the Principle of Alternate Possibilities is to advert to the observation that the agent’s actual action (or the particular event resulting from that action) is numerically distinct from the corresponding action (or the resultant event) he would have generated in the relevant counterfactual scenario. Since this response is based on taking actions and events to be fragile, I shall call it the fragilist account of alternative possibilities. This paper addresses an anti-fragilist argument delivered by John Martin Fischer. I contend that, on close examinat
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31

Majkut, Paul. "Notes on Media Literacy and Illiteracy." Glimpse 20 (2019): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/glimpse2019208.

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As an uncritical theoretical presupposition, the notion of literacy has led to formalistic, bookish philosophy. The constipated philosophical discourse adjudged worthwhile by literati and digirati falls historically into a line of dogmatic argument and counterargument within academic tradition submerged in subjective-idealist solipsism, petit-bourgeois political apologetics, and economic escapism. Careerist generalization of literacy from the ability to read print to include metaphoric uses of the term “literacy” to all media, while comfortably foggy to irrationalists, adds little to our under
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32

Khishfe, Rola. "Relationship between nature of science understandings and argumentation skills: A role for counterargument and contextual factors." Journal of Research in Science Teaching 49, no. 4 (2012): 489–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tea.21012.

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33

Chisum, Jeffrey. "The Macbeth of the American West: Tragedy, genre and landscape in Breaking Bad." Critical Studies in Television: The International Journal of Television Studies 14, no. 4 (2019): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749602019872655.

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This article explores the AMC television series, Breaking Bad (2008–2013), through the lens of tragedy as it pertains to the American West (both the physical place and the west as a narrative symbol). The show is perhaps unique insofar as it frames its protagonist, Walter White (Bryan Cranston), as a figure who is simultaneously a western archetype and a tragically flawed ‘hero’ whose complex ambitions bring about his downfall. The series thus presents a powerful counterargument to George Steiner’s 1961 classic The Death of Tragedy and suggests that the American West on TV can be seen as an ap
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34

Lee, Sang-Hee. "As a Counterargument to Consequentialism, the Doctrine of Double Effect and the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing." Journal of Ethics Education Studies 57 (July 31, 2020): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18850/jees.2020.57.05.

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Staes, Toon. "The enduring stuff of narrative." English Text Construction 4, no. 1 (2011): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.4.1.01sta.

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The reevaluation of the past in Don DeLillo’s Underworld and Cosmopolis can be seen as a valuable counterargument to Francis Fukuyama’s triumphalistic claim that contemporary society heralds the end of history. The sublime multiplicity of history in both novels illustrates how time eventually collapses in the eternal present of capital and technology. Consequently, it appears that postindustrial society draws in the individual to create a system with no outside. DeLillo’s historiographic metafiction nonetheless shows how rewriting the past can prevent history from being conclusive and teleolog
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Buschlinger, Wolfgang, Gerhard Vollmer, and Henrik Walter. "The Mental Life of Artifacts. Explications, Questions, Arguments." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 53, no. 7-8 (1998): 455–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1998-7-803.

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Abstract Our working assumption reads: Every mental property exhibited by a natural system can be exhibited by an artificial system, at least in principle. Is this true? The paper is in two parts. The first part is explicative: What do we mean by ‘natural’ or by ‘artificial’? When are we ready to ascribe thinking to a system? We show that sometimes behavior is enough, sometimes underlying mechanisms are decisive. We study the difference between simulation and realization of a property and the kinds of explanation used in the philosophy of mind. The second part is argumentative. We collect and
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Zhang, Ying. "An Investigation into the Development of Structure and Evidence Use in Argumentative Writing." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 8, no. 11 (2018): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0811.08.

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This study aims to investigate EFL learners’ argumentative writing based on structural elements in Toulmin model (1953, 2008). It also explores the overall use of evidence in supporting claims. It was found that claim and data were the basic structural elements used by Chinese EFL learners in constructing argumentative writing. The respective use of counterargument data and rebuttal was significantly correlated with the quality of argumentation. In argumentative reasoning, the types of evidence and the number of evidence used by participants were very limited. Logical analysis was found to be
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Fatsis, Lambros. "Grime: Criminal subculture or public counterculture? A critical investigation into the criminalization of Black musical subcultures in the UK." Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 15, no. 3 (2018): 447–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741659018784111.

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This article sets out to (re-)introduce Black urban musical subcultures as valuable forms of creativity and public expression in an attempt to resist, criticize and expose their criminalization by the London Metropolitan Police. Focusing primarily on grime, a host of unfair and illegitimate practices adopted by the London Metropolitan Police will be discussed. This will demonstrate how the routine monitoring, surveillance and curtailment of Black people’s public identity (re)produces stereotypical associations of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups with violent, criminal and problem
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Krause, Rebecca J., and Derek D. Rucker. "Strategic Storytelling: When Narratives Help Versus Hurt the Persuasive Power of Facts." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 46, no. 2 (2019): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167219853845.

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Stories are known to be powerful persuasive devices. Stories can capture attention, evoke emotion, and entrance listeners in a manner that reduces resistance to a message. Given the powerful persuasive potential of stories, one might deduce that it is best to embed one’s facts within a story. In contrast to this perspective, the present research suggests that coupling facts with stories can either enhance or undermine persuasion. Specifically, to understand when facts benefit from the use of stories, this work provides a deeper examination of how counterargument reduction—a common explanation
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Lee, Jong Sung. "Transition process of Guo Moruo’s Interpretation of Chuang-tzu’s Philosophy and Counterargument to Critical Viewpoint of Chuang-tzu." Journal of The Studies of Taoism and Culture 52 (May 31, 2020): 9–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.38113/jstc.2020.05.52.9.

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Nussbaum, E. Michael, and LeAnn G. Putney. "Learning to use benefit-cost arguments: A microgenetic study of argument-counterargument integration in an undergraduate seminar course." Journal of Educational Psychology 112, no. 3 (2020): 444–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/edu0000412.

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Yamamoto, Genryū. "The Evaluation of Yijing by Nanshan-Luzong during the Northern Song Dynasty: Focusing on Yuanzhao’s Counterargument against Yijing." Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies (Indogaku Bukkyogaku Kenkyu) 66, no. 2 (2018): 524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.66.2_524.

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43

Jones, Paul. "KSR and the Supreme Court: The Silence is Deafening." Antitrust Bulletin 53, no. 4 (2008): 849–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003603x0805300401.

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One of the uses of history is to free us of a falsely imagined past. The less we know of how ideas actually took root and grew, the more apt we are to accept them unquestioningly, as inevitable features of the world in which we move. One reason for the stifling solidity of received opinion about antitrust, why counterargument makes so little headway, is that most of us accept our first principles and even our immediate premises uncritically, as given, because we assume that they were established theoretically and confirmed empirically by legislators and judges long ago. If awareness of anomaly
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Lee, Jong min. "Why Will Recall Lu Xun Again : A Counterargument of Wang Hui’s Six Moments in the Life of Ah Q." Journal of Modern Chinese Literature 84 (January 31, 2018): 57–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.46487/jmcl.2018.01.84.57.

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45

Bakhos, Carol. "Jewish, Christian, and Muslim attitudes toward Animals." Comparative Islamic Studies 5, no. 2 (2011): 177–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cis.v5i2.177.

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This article surveys Jewish, Christian and Muslim attitudes toward animals in ancient and medieval sources, and demonstrates how the scriptural heritage and its multi-faceted exegetical traditions are shot through with the notion of the superiority of humans to nonhuman animals. Yet at the same time they are suffused with teachings that chasten human arrogance and exhort humans to show compassion toward all species. The article attempts to provide a corrective to both the contestation that these traditions foster the exploitation of animals and the counterargument that ignores an inherent hier
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Griffiths, James, and Mark de Vries. "Parenthesis: Syntactic Integration or Orphanage? A Rejoinder to." Linguistic Inquiry 50, no. 3 (2019): 609–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00314.

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In Griffiths and De Vries 2013 (G&dV), we offer an argument in favor of treating appositive relative clauses (ARCs) as syntactically integrated into their hosts, an argument that revolves around the distribution of ARCs in clausal ellipsis environments. In a reply, Ott (2016) counters this specific argument, rejects the more general integration analysis adopted in G&dV on conceptual grounds, and contends that an orphanage analysis of ARCs provides a more parsimonious explanation for the data introduced there. In this rejoinder, we demonstrate that, while Ott presents some relevant data
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Baxter, Jane, and Wai Fong Chua. "Using critical realism in critical accounting research – a commentary by two ANTs." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 33, no. 3 (2019): 655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-09-2019-4164.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to respond to Modell’s arguments regarding the relative usefulness of critical realist philosophy in relation to actor-network theory.Design/methodology/approachThe authors outline the challenges in applying critical realism to critical accounting. The authors then consider Modell’s criticisms of actor-network theory, providing a counterargument highlighting the methodological choices distinguishing actor-network theory from critical realism.FindingsThe authors argue that critical realism, whilst providing an interesting addition to the critical accounting r
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Bryan, K. L. H., and A. J. M. Medved. "Black Holes and Information: A New Take on an Old Paradox." Advances in High Energy Physics 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7578462.

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Interest in the black hole information paradox has recently been catalyzed by the newer “firewall” argument. The crux of the updated argument is that previous solutions which relied on observer complementarity are in violation of the quantum condition of monogamy of entanglement, with the prescribed remedy being to discard the equivalence principle in favor of an energy barrier (or firewall) at the black hole horizon. Differing points of view have been put forward, including the “ER = EPR” counterargument and the final-state solution, both of which can be viewed as potential resolutions to the
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Hines, Michael. "Learning Freedom: Education, Elevation, and New York's African-American Community, 1827–1829." History of Education Quarterly 56, no. 4 (2016): 618–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hoeq.12213.

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Even though the black community of antebellum New York City lived in a society that marginalized them socially and economically, they were intent on pursuing the basic privileges of American citizenship. One tactic African Americans employed to this end was the tenacious pursuit of education, which leaders believed would act both as an aid in economic advancement and as a counterargument against the widely assumed social inferiority of their race. The weekly newspaper, Freedom's Journal, the first African American owned and operated newspaper in the United States, was an avid supporter of this
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Abelson, Robert P. "On the Surprising Longevity of Flogged Horses: Why There Is a Case for the Significance Test." Psychological Science 8, no. 1 (1997): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00536.x.

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Criticisms of null-hypothesis significance tests (NHSTs) are reviewed Used as formal, two-valued decision procedures, they often generate misleading conclusions However, critics who argue that NHSTs are totally meaningless because the null hypothesis is virtually always false are overstating their case Critics also neglect the whole class of valuable significance tests that assess goodness of fit of models to data Even as applied to simple mean differences, NHSTs can be rhetorically useful in defending research against criticisms that random factors adequately explain the results, or that the
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