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Hunter, William Frederick Johannes Richard. "The role of integrity and personality in counterproductive work behaviour." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86570.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Organisations attempt to select employees that will make an effective contribution towards organisational performance. Traditionally, the emphasis was on selecting new staff on the basis of cognitive and behavioural attributes, which are linked to positive constructs such as technical competence, involvement, commitment and productivity. More recently, the domain of staff selection has widened to include the selection of individuals who would avoid counterproductive work behaviours. Based on previous studies, this study investigated the three most dominant constructs in this domain, i.e. personality, integrity and counterproductive work behaviour. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between selected personality dimensions and integrity, and how these personality dimensions and integrity are related to counterproductive work behaviour. Based on the existing literature, a theoretical model depicting how these constructs are related to one another was developed and a number of hypotheses were formulated. The data for this study were obtained via questionnaires from a non-probability sample in the South African retail and security industries. The total sample size consisted of 1176 non-managerial employees and job applicants. The postulated relationships were empirically tested using various statistical methods. Reliability analyses were done on all the measurement scales and adequate reliability was found. The content and structure of the measured constructs were investigated by means of confirmatory, and where necessary, exploratory factor analyses. The results indicated that reasonable fit was achieved for all the refined measurement models. Subsequently, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to determine the extent to which the conceptual model fitted the data obtained from the sample and to test the relationships between the constructs. In line with previous research, the results indicated positive relationships between conscientiousness and integrity, and adjustment and integrity. Negative relationships between neuroticism and integrity and fearfulness and integrity were found. Contrary to the literature, agreeableness showed a negative relationship with integrity and external locus of control and personalised power showed non-significant relationships with integrity. In line with the literature, positive relationships were found between neuroticism and counterproductive work behaviour, external locus of control and counterproductive work behaviour, personalised power and counterproductive behaviour. Negative relationships were found between conscientiousness and counterproductive work behaviour, and integrity and counterproductive work behaviour. Contrary to the literature, positive relationships were found between adjustment and counterproductive work behaviour, and agreeableness and fearfulness showed non-significant relationships with counterproductive work behaviour. The present study contributes meaningfully to existing literature on personality, integrity and counterproductive work behaviour by providing insights into the nature of the relationships amongst these constructs. The study also specifies practical implications to be considered by management in order to enhance integrity behaviour and to reduce counterproductive behaviour in organisations. The limitations and recommendations provide additional insights and opportunities to be explored through future studies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Organisasies poog om werknemers aan te stel wat ‘n doeltreffende bydrae tot organisatoriese werkverrigting sal lewer. Voorheen was die klem hoofsaaklik op die keuring van personeel aan die hand van positiewe konstrukte soos vakkundige bedrewenheid, sowel as kognitiewe en gedragseienskappe, byvoorbeeld betrokkenheid, verbondenheid en produktiwiteit. Die fokusgebied van personeelkeuring het egter onlangs verder uitgebrei sodat teen-produktiewe werksgedrag as ‘n bykomende konstruk ingesluit is. Hierdie studie fokus op die drie mees prominente konstrukte op hierdie terrein, naamlik persoonlikheid, integriteit en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die verwantskap tussen bepaalde persoonlikheidsfaktore en integriteit te ondersoek en vas te stel hoe die gekose persoonlikheidsfaktore en integriteit met teen-produktiewe werksgedrag verband hou. ‘n Teoretiese model wat aandui hoe die verskillende konstrukte met mekaar verband hou, is op grond van die bevindings wat in bestaande literatuur vervat is, ontwikkel. Verskeie hipoteses is geformuleer. Die data vir hierdie studie is deur middel van vraelyste ingesamel. ‘n Nie-waarskynlikheidsteekproef in die Suid-Afrikaanse kleinhandel- en veiligheidsektore is gebruik. Die totale steekproef het bestaan uit 1176 persone in nie-bestuursposte asook werkaansoekers. Die gepostuleerde verwantskappe en die konseptuele model is empiries met behulp van verskeie statistiese metodes getoets. Betroubaarheidsontleding van die relevante meetinstrumente is gedoen en voldoende betroubaarheid is gevind. Die inhoud sowel as die struktuur van die konstrukte is ontleed aan die hand van bevestigende en, waar nodig, verkennende faktorontleding. Die resultate het redelike goeie passings vir al die hersiene metingsmodelle getoon. Vervolgens is Struktuur-Vergelykings-Modellering (SVM) aangewend om te bepaal in hoeverre die konseptuele model die data pas, en om die verwantskappe tussen die verskillende konstrukte te toets. Ooreenkomstig vorige navorsing is positiewe verwantskappe gevind tussen toegewydheid en integriteit, en tussen aanpassing en integriteit; negatiewe verwantskappe tussen neurotisisme en integriteit, en vrees en integriteit; positiewe verwantskappe tussen neurotisisme en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag, eksterne lokus van kontrole en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag; verpersoonlikte mag en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag; negatiewe verwantskappe tussen toegewydheid en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag, en integriteit en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag. Teenstrydig met vorige navorsing is ‘n negatiewe verwantskap gevind tussen inskiklikheid en integriteit. Ook teenstrydig met vorige navorsing is onbeduidende verwantskappe gevind tussen inskiklikheid en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag, eksterne lokus van kontrole sowel as verpersoonlikte mag en integriteit, asook tussen inskiklikheid, vrees, en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag, en aanpassing en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag. Hierdie studie vul die bestaande literatuur aan ten opsigte van persoonlikheid, integriteit en teen-produktiewe werksgedrag deurdat dit insig verskaf betreffende die aard van die verband tussen hierdie konstrukte. Die studie noem ook praktiese implikasies wat deur bestuur oorweeg kan word om bestuurspraktyke te verbeter ten einde integriteitsgedrag te verhoog, asook teen-produktiewe werksgedrag te verminder. Die beperkings van die studie wat uitgelig word en aanbevelings wat gemaak word, verskaf bykomende insig en moontlikhede wat in toekomstige navorsing ondersoek kan word.
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De, Pao Milena. "What s justice got to do with it? : the relationship between injustice at work and counterproductive work behaviour." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5855.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 42-50).This research study investigated the relationship between injustice at work and cunterproductive work behaviour (CWB). Participants consisted of 152 blue-collar workers from a national retail group consisting of six chain stores. The research was conducted in the Western Cape in two of these chain stores and comprised of an exploratory survey with Likert-type scales.
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Gwamanda, Nelson. "The development and empirical evaluation of a counterproductive work behaviour structural model in selected organisations in Zimbabwe." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8120.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThe current study was motivated by the need to establish the factors that predispose leaders to engage in counterproductive work behaviours (CWBs) in organisations. Corporate scandals continue to rise unabated and their damage to organisations financially, is unendurable, hence the need to mitigate them so that organisations can thrive under the harsh economic conditions that have ravaged the global economies in recent history. Evidence from the literature shows that leadership plays a significant role in combating CWBs in organisations therefore making it an integral component under the current study
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du, Toit Marelise. "The influence of leader integrity on ethical leadership, interactional justice, leader trust and counterproductive work behaviour." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97846.
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Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2015ENGLISH ABSTRACT :This study arose due to the costly and harmful effect that negative behaviours have on organisations and society alike. This study is therefore undertaken to understand the determinants of these negative behaviours as well as to identify constructs that can defer these types of behaviour. The aim of the study was to study the constructs that is expected to significantly affect the occurrence of counterproductive workplace behaviours (CWB) in South African organisations. Therefore the purpose was to investigate the relationship between leader integrity, ethical leadership, interactional justice, leader trust and CWB. A theoretical model was subsequently developed to explain the structural relationships between the latent variables and counterproductive behaviours. Propositions were formulated regarding the postulated relationships found between these variables in the literature study. These hypotheses were tested to determine the validity of these propositions to subsequently test the proposed structural model. The sample encompassed employees from four organisations in the Western Cape. The respondents completed the Leader Trust Scale (LTS), the Justice Scale, Leadership of Ethics Scale (LES), Ethical Integrity Test (EIT) and the Deviance Scale. The proposed hypotheses and structural model were empirically tested by means of Partial Least Squares Analysis (PLS). These analyses included reliability analysis to determine the reliability of all the measurement scales. Satisfactorily reliability were found for all measurement scales. The structural model and the hypothesised relationships were analysed by means of the PLS path coefficients, R Square values and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. The results indicated that support could be found for the relationship between leader integrity and ethical leadership, leader integrity and interactional justice, leader integrity and leader trust, ethical leadership and interactional justice, and leader trust and interactional justice. Only partial support was found for the relationship between ethical leadership and leader trust, leader trust and CWB, interactional justice and CWB, ethical leadership and CWB and leader integrity and CWB. Subsequently conclusions were made from the results as well as recommendations made for future research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Hierdie studie het ontstaan as gevolg van die duur en skadelike effek wat negatiewe gedrag op beide organisasies en die samelewing het. Die studie is dus uitgevoer om die oorsake van hierdie negatiewe gedrag te begryp sowel as om konstrukte te identifiseer om hierdie tipes gedrag uit te skakel. Die doel van die studie was om konstrukte te ondersoek wat waarskynlik ‘n substansiële invloed op die verskynsel van teenproduktiewe gedrag in organisasies in Suid-Afrika kan hê. Die doel was dus om die verband tussen leier-integriteit, etiese leierskap, interaksionele geregtigheid, leier-vertroue en teenproduktiewe gedrag te ondersoek. ‘n Teoretiese model is ontwikkel om die strukturele verband tussen die latente veranderlikes en teenproduktiewe gedrag te verduidelik. Hipoteses is geformuleer rakende die gepostuleerde verwantskappe tussen hierdie veranderlikes soos in die literatuurstudie geïdentifiseer. Hierdie hipoteses is getoets om die geldigheid van hierdie proposisies te bepaal om uiteindelik die voorgestelde strukturele model te toets. Die steekproef is saamgestel uit werknemers van vier organisasies in die Wes-Kaap. Die proefpersone het die Leader Trust Scale (LTS), die Justice Scale, die Leadership of Ethics Scale (LES), die Ethical Integrity Test (EIT) en die Deviance Scale voltooi. Die voorgestelde hipoteses en strukturele model is empiries getoets deur middel van Partial Least Squares (PLS) ontleding. Hierdie analises sluit in ‘n betroubaarheidsanalise om die betroubaarheid van die metingskale te bepaal. Bevredigende betroubaarheid is vir al die metingskale gevind. Die strukturele model en die gepostuleerde hipoteses is ontleed deur middel van PLS path coefficients, R Square values en Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Die resultate het aangedui dat ondersteuning gevind is vir die verband tussen leier-integriteit en etiese leierskap, leier-integriteit en interaksionele geregtigheid, leier-integriteit en leier-vertroue, etiese leierskap en interaksionele geregtigheid, en leier-vertroue en interaksionele geregtigheid. Slegs gedeeltelike ondersteuning is gevind vir die verband tussen etiese leierskap en leier-vertroue, leier-vertroue en teenproduktiewe gedrag, interaksionele geregtigheid en teenproduktiewe gedrag, etiese leierskap en teenproduktiewe gedrag, en leier-integriteit en teenproduktiewe gedrag. Daarna is afleidings gemaak op grond van die resultate, sowel as aanbevelings gemaak vir toekomstige navorsing.
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Fourie, Paul. "The impact of merger-related employee status on engagement, burnout and counterproductive work behaviour of employees of a South African Commercial Bank." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80341.
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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The banking industry today is seen as a demanding world of work where employees are constantly exposed to high demands and this may have an influence on their work engagement levels and their organisational commitment. It seems that in this industry, employee turnover and absenteeism levels are high, and some employees seem to be de-motivated in their work. The impact of this changing world is most evident in changes in the employment relationship that exist between employer and employee. Employees are expected to give more in terms of time, effort, skills and flexibility, whereas there is a strong perception that employees receive less in terms of career opportunities, lifetime employment and job security. It is in view of the above work complexities that employee engagement has become a focus area, and in particular, to understand the mediating effects of certain psychological conditions in relation to work engagement. Should either employment party not fulfil its contractual terms in any way, the psychological contract will be breached or violated and the employee might attempt to balance the situation by reducing his or her job efforts and making use of various counterproductive work behaviours. Transformation or change of the working circumstances, such as during or after mergers, seem to present a serious challenge to the employment relationship and the prevailing levels of job satisfaction, organisational commitment and productivity. The research question for this study was: “To investigate whether differential exposure of employees of a retail bank to change-related stressors is associated with different configurations of perceived job demands and job resources, affective states, psychological contract, job engagement, burnout and counterproductive work behaviour, and to study the relationships between these variables with the view to understanding the development of the job engagement, burnout and performance-related behaviours of these employees”. This study utilised a quantitative descriptive research design to analyse the data using statistical procedures. All the data was statistical in nature. The sample (n = 300) comprised of employees of three main levels on the organigram such as, team leaders, team managers and employees, from the Regional Head Office in Pretoria. The primary research tool utilised to conduct the study was a self-compiled questionnaire. This was hand delivered and collected from all respondents. The six questionnaires constituting the composite questionnaire were: the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-GS), Counterproductive workbehaviour Inventory (CWB), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), the Job Characteristics Inventory (JCI), Psychological Contract Inventory (PCI) and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS). The descriptive statistics reflected a majority of participants had been working for 1 to 4 years (34%) and 5 to 9 years (33%). The largest percentages of participants (74%) were team members while other participants were defined as team leaders (22%) and team managers (4%). The majority of these participants (59%) were also appointed prior to the merger while the median was calculated at 3 years for the amount of years the participants have remained in their current job band (salary structure). A very high percentage of participants (82%) did not manage people directly nor indirectly (83%). It was found that an inter-correlation existed between the demographic variables and the psychological constructs, confirming that the number of years employed was associated with a lower likelihood of psychological withdrawal. While the years of employment in the same position related positively with absorption, and negatively with perceived job resources, the level of abuse experienced, showed a positive association with the degree of psychological contract adherence by the employee and a negative correlation with the extent of perceived contract violation. Evidence was also found for the moderating effect of work engagement in the relationship between well-being and work engagement and between work engagement and some of the counterproductive work behaviour dimensions. Evidence also revealed that mental well-being was experienced some of the time and counterproductive work behaviour almost never. The higher burnout scores, coupled with the simultaneous higher level of work engagement could possibly be viewed as an exploitable factor. The limitations of the current study and recommendations for organisations are discussed. This study highlights the fact that virtually all the comparisons between the pre-merger appointees and the post-merger appointees were insignificant. Burnout was however much more evident with the post-merger group. Employee or employer obligations towards the respondents were also viewed as insignificant, irrespective of the differences in psychological contract each employee experiences.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die banksektor word vandag gesien as 'n veeleisende werksomgewing waar werknemers konstant blootgestel word aan hoë werkseise. Dit kan dalk 'n invloed hê op hul werksbegeestering en hul organisasieverbondenheid. Dit blyk dat hierdie industrie hoë vlakke van werknemeromset en afwesigheid ervaar en dat sommige werknemers gedemotiveerd is in hul werk. Die uitwerking van die veranderende werksplek is veral sigbaar in die verandering van die diensverhouding tussen werkgewer en werknemer. Van werknemers word verwag om al hoe meer opofferinge te maak in terme van hulle tyd, insette, vaardighede en aanpasbaarheid, terwyl daar ‘n persepsie bestaan dat hulle al hoe minder ontvang in terme van loopbaanontwikkeling, lewenslange indiensneming en werksekuriteit. Dit is binne die konteks van die waargenome kompleksiteit binne die werksplek dat werksbegeestering 'n fokusarea geword het,en in die besonder om begrip te ontwikkel vir die mediërende effek van sekere sielkundige kondisies in verhouding tot werksbegeestering. Sou enige van die partye nie hul kontraktuele verpligtinge in enige opsig nakom nie, sal dit ‘n verbreking of skending van die sielkundige kontrak tot gevolg hê en mag die werknemer poog om die situasie te balanseer deur sy of haar insette te verminder en verskeie kontraproduktiewe vorme van werksgedrag tegebruik. Transformasie van, of verandering in werksomstandighede, soos tydens of nasamesmeltings, skyn ‘n ernstige uitdaging te bied vir die heersende vlak van werks tevredenheid, organisasieverbondenheid en produktiwiteit. Die navorsingsvraag virdie studie was: “Om ondersoek in te stel of verskillende tipes blootstelling van werknemers van ‘n kommersiële bank aan veranderingsverwante stressors geassosieer word met verskillende konfigurasies van werkseise en werkshulpbronne,affektiewe toestande, die sielkundige kontrak, werksbegeestering, uitbranding en kontraproduktiewe werksgedrag, metdie oogmerk om die verhouding tussen die veranderlikes te bestudeer met die doel om die ontwikkeling van die werksbegeestering, uitbranding en prestasiegerigte gedrag van daardie werknemers te verstaan”. Die studie het gebruik gemaak van ‘n kwantitatiewe navorsingsontwerp om alle data wat deur statistiese prosedures versamel word te ontleed. Die steekproef (n=300) bestaan uit 3 van die vernaamste vlakke op die organigram naamlik, spanleiers, spanbestuurders en werknemers van die streekshoofkantoor in Pretoria. ‘n Self-saamgesteldevraelys, wat per hand uitgedeel en versamel is, is gebruik in die studie. Die ses individuelevraelyste waaruit die vraelys bestaan het,sluit die volgende in: dieMaslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-GS), Counterproductive workbehaviour Inventory (CWB), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), die Job Characteristics Inventory (JCI), Psychological Contract Inventory (PCI) en die Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS). Die beskrywende statistiek reflekteer ‘n meerderheid van die respondent wat werkend is tussen 1 tot 4 jaar (34%) and 5 tot 9 jaar (33%). Die grootste persentasie van respondente (74%) was spanlede, terwyl die ander gedeelte van respondente verdeel is as spanleiers (22%) and spanbestuurders (4%). Die meerderheid van respondente (59%) was ook voor die samesmelting van die bank groep aangestel terwyl die mediaan bereken was op 3 jaar vir die hoeveelheid diensjare wat elke werknemer in hulle huidige posvlak was. ‘n Baie hoë persentasie van respondente (82%) het glad nie ondergeskiktes direk of indirek (83%) bestuur nie. Daar is bevind dat ‘n inter-korrelasie bestaan tussen demografiese veranderlikes en die sielkundige samestelling, wat weer bevestig dat die aantal jare wat individue in diens was, geassossieer word met die moontlikheid van ‘n lae psigologiese onttrekking. Terwyl die hoeveelheid diensjare in dieselfde pos posisie positief verbind word met absorpsie en negatief verbind word met waarneembare werkshulpbronne, word die vlak van wantoestand wat ervaar word, positief verband met die graad van nakoming van die sielkundige kontrak by werknemers en ‘n negatiewe korrelasie met waarneembare kontrakbreuk. Bewyse was ook gevind vir die modererings effek op werksbegeestering in die verhouding tussen psigologiese welstand en werksbegeestering en tussen werksbegeestering en somige dimensies van teenproduktiewe gedrag. Bewyse het getoon dat psigologiese welstand ook somtyds ervaar was, terwyl teenproduktiewe gedrag amper nooit ervaar was nie. ‘n Hoë uitbranding telling, gelyktydig gekoppel aan hoë vlakke van werksbegeestering kan moontlik beskou word as ‘n ontginbare faktor. Die beperkinge op die huidige studie en aanbevelings vir die organisaie is ook bespreek. Dié studie beklemtoon ook die feit dat al die vergelykings tussen pre-samesmelting aanstellings en post-samesmelting aanstellings totaal onbeduidend was. Uitbranding was baie meerduidelik opsigtelik onder die post-samesmelting groep. Werknemer of werkgewer verpligtinge teenoor die respondente was ook gesien as onbeduidend, ongeag van die verskille in die sielkundige kontrak wat deur elke werknemer ervaar word.
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Lourenço, Gonçalo Oliveira. "Tatuagens e comportamento desviante ocupacional : um estudo sobre o setor da indústria farmacêutica em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21026.
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Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos HumanosAs tatuagens são um adorno corporal cada vez mais comum no quotidiano e na cultura moderna. Esta assunção implica reconhecer a inevitabilidade da sua inserção no contexto profissional e, assim, a sua pertinência para a GRH. Enquanto, originalmente, este fenómeno estava associado a grupos marginais e desviantes, o que se verifica é uma generalização da sua adoção, com um aumento significativo do número de indivíduos tatuados. A presente dissertação debruçou-se sobre esta temática com o intuito de averiguar se, apesar da generalização da tatuagem para além das subculturas marginais, o individuo tatuado contemporâneo ainda apresenta um comportamento mais desviante que o não tatuado, especificamente na indústria farmacêutica portuguesa. Para o efeito, foi distribuído um questionário neste setor, que inquiria a frequência com que os colaboradores protagonizavam determinado comportamento considerado desviante e se tinham, ou não, pelo menos uma tatuagem. Os dados apresentados consideram a visibilidade, quantidade, área corporal ocupada e estilo da tatuagem. Os resultados obtidos através desta amostra apontam para uma dissociação entre o preconceito do desvio e a presença da tatuagem, em todas as dimensões e, consequentemente, para uma homogeneização do comportamento de indivíduos tatuados e não tatuados.
Tattoos are becoming a common feature in modern culture. This statement implies recognizing the inevitability of the introduction of tattoos in the professional sector of society and, therefore, its significance for HRM. While originally associated with deviant subcultures on the fringes of society, a significant increase of tattooed individuals in mainstream society has been witnessed. This dissertation is focused on this subject with the intention of investigating if, despite the fact that tattoos are becoming part of modern culture and not only of marginal individuals, the tattooed worker stills presents a more deviant behavior when compared with the non-tattooed, specifically in the Portuguese pharmaceutical industry. For this purpose, a survey was distributed within the sector, inquiring about the frequency with which workers would involve themselves in behaviours classified as deviant and if these workers had tattoos or not. Certain tattoo characteristics were considered, such as: visibility, quantity, area occupied and style. The results obtained with this sample indicate a dissociation between the preconceived association of deviant behavior and tattoos in all the considered dimensions, which supports the idea of a coalescence between tattooed and non-tattooed individuals in terms of their behavior.
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Du, Toit Danielle. "The development of an ethical integrity test." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98098.
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Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2015ENGLISH ABSTRACT : This study investigated the growing phenomenon of counterproductive work behaviour, and how personality and integrity affects this. It was deemed important to establish what contributes to counterproductive work behaviour. The aim of this study was to develop a new ethical integrity test and to investigate existing relationships between constructs that play a significant role in behavioural integrity. These constructs include honesty, conscientiousness, and counterproductive work behaviour. This study was therefore undertaken to develop an ethical integrity test and to determine the initial construct validity of the new test. Based on existing literature, a theoretical model depicting how the different constructs are related to one another was developed and various hypotheses were formulated. Data for the purpose of the quantitative study were collected by means of an electronic web-based questionnaire. A total of 318 completed questionnaires were returned. The final questionnaire comprised the newly developed ethical integrity test, HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised (HEXACO-PI-R), and the Interpersonal and Organisational Deviance Scale. The postulated relationships and the conceptual model were empirically tested using various statistical methods. Reliability analysis was done on all the measurement scales and satisfactory reliability was found. The content and structure of the measured constructs were investigated by means of confirmatory factor analyses. The content and structure of the newly developed Ethical Integrity Test was also investigated by means of exploratory factor analysis. The results indicated that reasonable good fit was achieved for all the refined measurement models. Subsequently, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to determine the extent to which the conceptual model fitted the data obtained from the sample and to test the hypothesised relationships between the constructs. The results indicated positive relationships between honesty and ethical integrity; conscientiousness and ethical integrity; and conscientiousness and honesty. Furthermore, the results indicated negative relationships between ethical integrity and counterproductive work behaviour; as well as honesty and counterproductive work behaviour. The present study contributes to existing literature on counterproductive work behaviour by providing insights into the relationships between honesty, conscientiousness, ethical integrity. This study developed an Ethical Integrity Test based on recent ethics literature. Preliminary evidence of reliability and construct validity for the Ethical Integrity Test was found. The limitations and recommendations present additional insights and possibilities that could be explored through future research studies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Hierdie studie ondersoek die groeiende verskynsel van teenproduktiewe gedrag in die werksomgewing en hoe persoonlikheid en integriteit dit beïnvloed. Dit was dus belangrik om vas te stel wat tot teenproduktiewe werksgedrag bydra. Die doel van hierdie studie was om 'n etiese integriteitstoets te ontwikkel en bestaande verwantskappe tussen konstrukte wat 'n beduidende rol in teenproduktiewe werksgedrag speel, te ondersoek. Hierdie konstrukte sluit eerlikheid, konsensieusheid en integriteit in. Hierdie studie is dus uitgevoer om meer duidelikheid oor hierdie aspekte te verkry, sowel as om ‘n etiese integriteitstoets te ontwikkel. ‘n Teoretiese model wat voorstel hoe die verskillende konstrukte aan mekaar verwant is, is op grond van die navorsing oor die bestaande literatuur ontwikkel. Verskeie hipoteses is hiervolgens geformuleer. Data vir die doel van die kwantitatiewe studie is deur middel van ‘n elektroniese web-gebaseerde vraelys ingesamel. ‘n Totaal van 318 voltooide vraelyste is terug ontvang. Die finale vraelys is uit drie subvraelyste saamgestel, naamlik die nuut ontwikkelde etiese integriteitstoets, HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised (HEXACO-PI-R), en die Interpersonal and Organisational Deviance Scale. Die gepostuleerde verwantskappe en die konseptuele model is empiries met behulp van verskeie statistiese metodes getoets. Betroubaarheidsanalise is op die betrokke meetinstrumente uitgevoer en voldoende betroubaarheid is gevind. Die inhoud en die struktuur van die konstrukte wat deur die instrumente gemeet is, is verder deur middel van verkennende en bevestigende faktorontledings ondersoek. Die resultate het redelike goeie passings vir al die hersiene metingsmodelle getoon. Daarna is struktuurvergelykingsmodellering (SVM), gebruik om te bepaal tot watter mate die konseptuele model die data pas, en om die verwantskappe tussen die verskillende konstrukte te toets. Die resultate het positiewe verwantskappe tussen eerlikheid en etiese integriteit; konsensieusheid en etiese integriteit; asook konsensieusheid en eerlikheid getoon. Die resultate het verder negatiewe verwantskappe tussen etiese integriteit en teenproduktiewe werksgedrag; asook eerlikheid en teenproduktiewe werksgedrag getoon. Hierdie studie dra by tot die bestaande literatuur betreffende teenproduktiewe werksgedrag, deurdat dit insig bied in die aard van die verwantskappe tussen die konstrukte. ‘n Etiese Integriteit Toets is ontwikkel gebasseer op onlangse etiek literatuur. Voorlopige bewyse van betroubaarheid en konstruk geldigheid is bewys in hierdie studie. Die beperkings en aanbevelings van die studie dui op verdere insigte en moontlikhede wat in toekomstige navorsing ondersoek kan word.
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Švejda, Denis. "Sociální a psychická agrese v organizaci." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75530.
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This thesis deals with counterproductive work behaviour, which manifestations among Czech employees are examined by internationally accepted questionnaire. Thesis tries to find out the answer to original hypothesis whether Czech employees have increased tendency to such behaviour. This behaviour is later dividend to four kinds: sabotage the results of own work, illegal enrichment, mobbing and displays of aggression at workplace. Thesis uses segmentation of extensive sample of respondents using age, sex, education, number of subordinates, number of job changes to provide more detailed insight of Czech employee and by doing so, it reveals high-risk segment of employees with tendency to counterproductive work behaviour.
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Atamanik-Dunphy, Candace. "Base rates of counterproductive work behaviors." FIU Digital Commons, 2009. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1331.
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This study provides a comprehensive assessment of base rates for counterproductive work behaviors (CWB) and examines their relationship with personality and demographic variables. The Randomized-Response Technique (RRT) was employed in order to reduce the effects of social desirability. Base rates were calculated for 66 behaviors for a student and nationwide sample. Results revealed 15 significant behaviors for the student sample and 7 for the nationwide sample. In addition, low neuroticism was found to relate to higher reporting of counterproductive behavior for both groups. Also, low conscientiousness was related to higher reports of CWB in the student sample. Finally, CWB was found to differ based on ethnicity for the student sample such that Caucasians reported higher rates of CWB than Hispanics.
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Diedericks, Elsabé. "Flourishing of employees in the information technology industry in South Africa / Elsabé Diedericks." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10278.
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Organisations worldwide are experiencing an explosion of knowledge in the current technological information age as well as a serious skills shortage. The fast-paced aggressive and highly cyclical nature of the profession which often does not provide employees with the necessary resources and support causes employees in the information technology (IT) industry to show high turnover intent which is extremely costly and detrimental to organisational success. IT specialists are becoming a scarce commodity in a highly competitive environment where financial gain is very important and employee well-being is not necessarily a prerogative. Employers are faced with additional obligations than just paying equitable salaries, such as creating an environment that is conducive towards well-being. Efforts to promote flourishing and optimal functioning of employees will affect individual and organisational outcomes. Flourishing and languishing are opposite end points on a continuum of mental health indicating the emotional, psychological and social well-being of individuals. An individual who feels well (emotional well-being) is more likely to function well (psychological and social well-being) which means meeting the criteria for positive mental health as flourishing. Investments in the well-being of employees lay the basis for positive employment relations. The aim of this study was to investigate the flourishing of employees in the information technology industry and to determine the antecedents and outcomes thereof. A cross-sectional survey design was used to gather data regarding the flourishing of IT professionals and its outcomes. A convenience sample (N = 205) was taken of employees in information technology organisations in South Africa. The measuring instruments used were the Mental Health Continuum Short Form, Job Satisfaction Scale, Work Engagement Scale, Work-related Basic Need Satisfaction Scale, Work Role Fit Scale, Psychological Contract Inventory, Violations of PC Questionnaire, Organisational Commitment Scale, Turnover Intention Scale and Counterproductive Work Behaviour measures. The results of study 1 showed that 58.5% of the IT professionals were neither languishing nor flourishing, while 3.9% were languishing. Flourishing strongly impacted job satisfaction and had minor to moderate direct and indirect effects on organisational citizenship behaviour and organisational commitment. Job satisfaction impacted directly and positively on organisational commitment and negatively on turnover intention; and moderately negatively on counterproductive behaviour. Flourishing had both a direct and positive effect, and an indirect and negative effect (via organisational commitment) on turnover intention. Study 2 showed that psychological contract breach and violation strongly and negatively impacted flourishing at work and in life. The results provided support for a model in which psychological contract breach and violation had both direct and indirect effects via satisfaction of psychological needs on job satisfaction, work engagement, turnover intention and flourishing of IT professionals. Study 3 showed that work role fit and the availability of resources were strong predictors of flourishing at work and in life. Work role fit, the availability of resources, and supervisor relations impacted job satisfaction and social well-being indirectly through autonomy satisfaction. The availability of resources impacted work engagement and psychological well-being indirectly via competence satisfaction. Furthermore, work role fit, the availability of resources, and supervisor relations impacted psychological well-being indirectly through relatedness. Recommendations for future research were made.PhD, Labour relations management, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2012
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Dyson, Sarah Marie. "Gaming, Workplace, Self-Esteem, Counterproductive Work Behaviors." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6994.
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Although there is ample information on the negative aspects of video game playing, we know less about the benefits and how the benefits transfer to the gamers’ workplace. Further understanding of these relationships may offer employees and employers more insight on how they can reduce counterproductive workplace behaviors (CWB) while also improving workplace morale and productivity. The purpose of this quantitative nonexperimental study is to examine the relationships between time spent engaging in gameplay, workplace self-esteem, and positive and negative workplace behaviors among gamers. Participants anonymously completed an online questionnaire utilizing the Behind the Screen Measure, Counterproductive Workplace Behavior Checklist, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Work Extrinsic Intrinsic Motivation Scale. The crosssectional design consisted of 202 self-identified employed gamers over the age of 18 living in the United States. A series of linear regressions was used to test the hypotheses. According to the study results, frequency of gameplay and workplace self-esteem levels predicted CWB and intrinsic motivation, with low workplace self-esteem being a significant predictor of negative work-related behaviors. Employers, gamers, and friends and family also benefit from the knowledge that over two and a half hours of gaming could have negative effects on their self-esteem and work behaviors. This study facilitates positive social change by promoting a need for increased awareness to gamers and organizations which offer support and long-term positive social change among two different populations.
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Jensgård, Håkan. "Counterproductive work behavior or just negative job performance?" Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-28152.
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Gallagher, Christopher. "Social Burden and Attributions of Hostility in Predicting Counterproductive Work Behavior." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1541096416412655.
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Way, Jason Donovan. "Differential Reactions to Men's and Women's Counterproductive Work Behavior." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3404.
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This purpose of this study was to examine the effect that employee gender might have on performance ratings. Specifically, it was thought that negative performance episodes, such as aggressive behavior, might have less of an effect on performance ratings for males compared to females because males have a stereotype of being more aggressive. Additional hypotheses examined how different types of negative performance affected perceptions that the employee was behaving according to their gender ideal, and whether people judged male and female aggressiveness differently. To this end, 134 undergraduate students participated in a 2 x 3 design experiment where they read about a hypothetical server in a restaurant who had committed various negative behaviors at work. The results were, for the most part, not significant. The exception was that there were some slight group differences in how well the employees in the various conditions fit their gender ideal.
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Morris, Samantha Alison. "Factors Related to the Counterproductive Use of Computers." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1184524078.
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O'Brien, Kimberly E. "A stressor-strain model of organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002563.
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Sakurai, Kenji. "Coworker Incivility and Incivility Targets’ Work Effort and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: The Moderating Role of Supervisor Social Support." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1300292411.
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Bauer, Jeremy Allen. "The Role of Discrete Emotions in Predicting Counterproductive Work Behavior." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3002.
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The current study investigates how discrete negative emotions are related to specific facets of counterproductive work behaviors (CWB). The sample consisted of 241 employees who reported their frequency of experiencing negative emotions and their frequency of committing CWBs in the workplace. For 103 employees, supervisor reports of employee CWB were also obtained. The findings provide evidence that a wide range of negative emotions are related to most of the sub facets of CWB. There was also some evidence that supervisor reports differ systematically from employee reports of CWB. The theoretical, methodological, and organizational implications are discussed.
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Meriac, John P., and C. Allen Gorman. "Work Ethic and Counterproductive Behavior: Relationships Depend on Leadership Styles." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2618.
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Recognizing the significant influence leaders have in shaping employee work experiences and behaviors, this session highlights research identifying leadership as a significant predictor of counterproductive work behaviors. Specifically, this symposium empirically examines the most recent efforts in understanding the role of leaders in both reducing and even driving CWBs within organizations
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Sprung, Justin Michael. "Work Locus of Control as a Moderator of the Relationship between Work Stressors and Counterproductive Work Behavior." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1320345099.
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Hammond, Gregory David. "The Relationship Between Job Attitudes and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: The Moderating Role of Attitude Strength." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1204922530.
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Sandgren, Oskar, and Emil Torpman. "Reducing Counterproductive Work Behavior - The Roles of Self-Efficacy and Emotional Regulation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75038.
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The aim of the study was to investigate the reduction of counterproductive work behavior (CWB) through two interventions. The sample consisted of 22 nursing assistants working in an elderly nursing home, who were divided into two treatment groups, where one received a mindfulness intervention and one received a feedback intervention. The main hypothesis was that both interventions would be effective in reducing CWB by increasing self-efficacy through positive feedback and increasing emotional regulation through mindfulness practice, respectively. A pre-post quasi-experimental design was used, where the participants engaged in the interventions two times per week for four consecutive weeks. The results did not support the main hypothesis, as the interventions did not significantly reduce CWB. The lack of support for the main hypothesis is most likely due to low self-reported engagement in CWB at baseline. However, the interventions did significantly affect both self-efficacy and emotional regulation, but not in line with the hypotheses’ expectations. The feedback intervention significantly increased both emotional regulation dimensions but not self-efficacy, while the mindfulness intervention increased emotional self-efficacy and showed strong tendencies towards increasing social self-efficacy, but did not increase any of the emotional regulation dimensions as hypothesized. A conclusion from the results is that more research is needed to further investigate the effectiveness of the two interventions.
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Khan, Abdul Karim. "Organizational injustice and counterproductive work behaviors : Exploring the role of discrete emotions." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32039.
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Les réactions à l’injustice organisationnelle ont été largement étudiées dans la littérature. Considérons le scénario suivant: une organisation se conduit injustement envers trois salariés A, B et C. En réaction à l’injustice, chacun des employés adopte un comportement différent. L’employé « A » se comporte mal envers son superviseur, l’employé «B» se désengage de son travail et consacre plus de temps à ses loisirs, enfin l’employé « C » choisit de voler des fournitures à son bureau. Bien que les employés aient été soumis au même type d’injustice, ils ont tous réagi de manière différente. Ce constat soulève la question suivante «Pourquoi les individus réagissent différemment face à une même expérience d’injustice? » L’objectif de notre recherche est d’apporter des éléments de réponse à ce questionnement. Pour répondre à notre question de recherche, nous choisissons d’évaluer les trois aspects suivants : un évènement organisationnel ayant une importance personnelle pour l’employé, les émotions résultant de cet évènement ainsi que les manifestations comportementales qui en découlent. Nous avons choisi de considérer une augmentation de salaire annuelle dont l’importance a été évaluée à travers les différentes facettes des perceptions de justice. Nous considérons la colère et la tristesse en tant que réactions émotionnelles ressenties à la suite de cet événement. La présente étude a été réalisée en trois phases. Tout d’abord, dans une première phase, une étude qualitative a été menée à l’aide d’entretiens semi-directifs. Dans une deuxième phase, nous avons évalué la dimension de la justice organisationnelle dans le contexte pakistanaise en utilisant l’échelle de mesure Colquitt (2001). Enfin, dans une troisième phase, les données ont été recueillies via l’administration de questionnaires afin de tester le modèle intégré de recherche. Nous avons fait six hypothèses concernant les relations entre l’injustice et l’émotion de colère et de la tristesse. Nos résultats montrent que l’injustice distributive prédit à la fois la tristesse et la colère. L’injustice procédurale qui prédit uniquement la tristesse et l’injustice interpersonnelle n’est ni un facteur prédictif significatif de la colère, ni de la tristesse. Nous avons postulé que les violations de justice distributive et / ou de justice interpersonnelle pouvait conduire à un comportement de vol. Nous avons trouvé que les violations de justice interpersonnelle sont liées au vol, mais les violations de justice distributive ne sont pas liées au vol. Nous avons postulé que la colère pourrait prédire les comportements de travail contre-productifs : la violence contre les autres, le sabotage, le vol, le comportement d’évitement et la déviance productive. Nous avons également postulé que la tristesse prédisait le comportement d’évitement. Nos prévisions ont été confirmées et chacune des émotions prédit ces comportementsThe reactions to organizational injustice have been well documented in the literature. Consider the following scenario: Three employees A, B, and C have been treated unfairly by their organization. In reaction to the injustice, each of the employees behaved differently. Employee “A” misbehaved with the supervisor, employee “B” indulged in withdrawal acts of leaving early from office and coming late, and employee “C” stole office stationary. Although the employees were subjected to same kind of unfairness, they reacted differently. This situation raised the question that “Why do individuals respond differently to experiences of injustice?” In the current research, we addressed this question. Justice researchers tried to address this issue by examining the potential moderators of the injustice-behavior link. Previous studies have examined the moderating effects of risk aversion, trust propensity, exchange Idealogy, equity sensitivity, sensitivity to befallen injustice, trait morality, and Big Five personality traits. The studies have found mixed results for the predictions. Departing from the existing moderators of injustice-behavior link, we proposed and tested a mediating mechanism of discrete emotions between perceived injustices and counterproductive work behaviours. We used fairness theory and cognitive appraisal theories to develop our model. In view of our research question, three aspects were involved which need to be assessed; organizational event having personal significance for the employee, emotions associated with that event, and behavioral manifestation of the experienced emotions. We chose the event of annual salary raise and its significance was assessed by multi-facet fairness perceptions associated with it. We assessed emotions of anger and sadness experienced in response to this event. Five dimensions of counterproductive work behaviours namely abuse against others, sabotage, theft, withdrawal, and production deviance, were assessed as behavioral manifestation of these emotions. We conducted our research in Pakistani Telecom and IT sector organizations. At first place, we conducted a qualitative study to examine the important fairness dimensions, emotions, and counterproductive work behaviours in our research context. Then, we conducted a quantitative study to assess the dimensionality of organizational justice in Pakistani context. Finally, we conducted a survey study to test our hypothesized model. We used an event paradigm (event of annual salary raise) to assess the perceptions of distributive, procedural, and interpersonal justice perceptions. The questionnaires were sent to respondents 15 days after the announcement of their annual salary raise. The participants were asked about their justice perceptions of salary raise event, emotional experience of anger and sadness, and counterproductive work behaviours. We hypothesized that injustice perceptions of salary raise event (distributive, procedural, and interpersonal) may lead to anger and sadness, and anger leads to abuse against others, sabotage, theft, and production deviance behaviours. Sadness, on the other hand, leads to withdrawal behaviours. We also hypothesized that any sort of distributive and/or interpersonal justice violations may lead to the theft behavior. We also predicted that that anger would mediate the relationships of injustice perceptions with abuse against others, sabotage, theft, and production deviance. Sadness was hypothesized to mediate the relationship of injustice perceptions with withdrawal behaviours. Our results showed that distributed injustice predicted both sadness and anger, procedural injustice predicted only sadness and interpersonal injustice was neither a significant predictor of anger nor sadness. We found that violations of interpersonal justice were related to theft but violations of distributive justice were not related to theft. We found that anger partially mediated the relationship of distributive injustice with abuse against others; however anger fully mediated the relationship of procedural and interpersonal injustice with abuse against others. Anger partially mediated the relationship of injustice perceptions (distributive, procedural, and interpersonal) with sabotage. Our findings demonstrated that anger fully mediated the relationship of distributive and procedural injustice with theft. Sadness fully mediated the relationship between injustice perceptions (distributive, procedural, and interpersonal) and withdrawal behaviour. Generally, we found support for mediating mechanisms of emotions between injustice perceptions and counterproductive work behaviours
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Goh, Angeline. "An attributional analysis of counterproductive work behavior (CWB) in response to occupational stress." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001895.
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Horan, Kristin A. Horan. "Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and their relationship to work stressors: The role of physical activity." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1467738168.
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Kalinoski, Zachary Thomas. "Recognizing the Implicit and Explicit Aspects of Ethical Decision-Making: Schemas, Work Climates, and Counterproductive Work Behaviors." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1339789100.
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Way, Jason Donovan. "Effects of Gender and Aggression Type on Perceptions of Aggressive Behavior at Work." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5608.
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This dissertation sought to examine the interactive effects of participant gender, aggression type (physical vs. relational), aggressor gender, and target gender on two sets of dependent variables. The first set consisted of a performance rating, the acceptability of the aggression, the perceived aggressiveness of the aggressor, and the perceived aggressiveness of the act. The second set consisted of perceived masculinity, perceived femininity, and perceived gender ideal. The main hypothesis was that gender stereotypes of aggression would influence performance evaluations of aggressive behavior. Other hypotheses were based on previous research regarding the effect of gender and aggression type on the acceptability and perceived aggressiveness of the aggressive behavior. Hypotheses regarding the gender perception dependent variables were based on the connection between aggression and gender stereotypes. In order to test the study hypotheses, a sample of 552 adults was recruited via an online crowdsourcing tool. Although most of the study hypotheses were not supported, the other significant results suggest that physical aggression is generally perceived to be more aggressive than relational aggression, and that there appears to be a strong connection between the female stereotype and relational aggression, even more so than the connection between the male stereotype and physical aggression, among other findings. The lack of effect of participant gender and lack of significant effects on the performance rating variable suggest that there may be less potential for discrimination in the evaluation of aggressive behavior.
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Warren, Michael A. "Identifying the Relationship Between Employee Sabotage and Organizational Justice." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1289446353.
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Kessler, Stacey R. "The effects of organizational structure on faculty job performance, job satisfaction, and counterproductive work behavior." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001945.
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Weber, Millicent Ann. "Examining Job Crafting as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Job Stress and Counterproductive Work Behavior." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2539.
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Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is deliberate behavior by employees that harms the interests of their organization or its members. Previous research suggests that job stress, including a variety of individual job stressors, lead to CWB (e.g., Penney & Spector, 2005; Fox, Spector, & Miles, 2001; Spector, Fox, & Domagalski, 2006) and that CWB is an ineffective coping strategy for dealing with job stress (Shoss, Jundt, Kobler, & Reynolds, 2015). Job crafting is a form of individual-level job redesign that has been shown to reduce the negative effects of stress, but less is known about job crafting’s relationship with CWB or whether it could function as a more effective coping mechanism for job stress. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of job crafting as a moderator of the relationship between job stress and CWB. Additionally, this study examined job crafting’s relationship to CWB and to five common job stressors: interpersonal conflict, workload, job insecurity, role ambiguity, and organizational constraints. Three hundred participants completed a two-part online study through Amazon Mechanical Turk, the first of which assessed participants’ experience of the job stressors of interpersonal conflict (Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale; Spector & Jex, 1998), workload (Quantitative Workload Inventory; Spector, 1998), organizational constraints (Organizational Constraints Scale; Spector & Jex, 1998), job insecurity (Job Insecurity Scale; Mauno, Leskinen, & Kinnunen, 2001), and role ambiguity (Role Ambiguity Scale; Rizzo, House, & Lirtzman, 1970). The first study session also assessed participants’ work locus of control (Work Locus of Control Scale; Spector, 1988) and negative affectivity (Negative Affectivity subscale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988). The second study session was conducted five days after the first study session and assessed participants’ frequency of engagement in CWB (CWB-Checklist; Spector et al., 2006) and frequency of job crafting (Job Crafting Scale; Tims, Bakker, & Derks, 2010). Correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were utilized to test for relationships among these variables and moderation effects. The results showed that composite job stress (the combined, average score across each of the job stressor scales) and each of the five job stressors individually were significantly, positively correlated with CWB. However, within the hierarchical regression analyses, only composite job stress, interpersonal conflict, workload, and role ambiguity were significant predictors of CWB. In addition, job crafting did not predict CWB or moderate the effects of composite job stress or any of the five individual job stressors on CWB. These results suggest that job stress does lead to CWB, but job crafting is likely neither an effective coping mechanism for job stress nor an effective means of reducing CWB in organizations.
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Rodopman, Ozgun Burcu. "The role of proactivity during organizational entry: Proactive socialization tactics, citizenship and counterproductive work behaviors." Scholar Commons, 2009. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2170.
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Newcomers engage in proactive behaviors during organizational entry to increase their adjustment to the organization and to successfully complete their socialization. The present study investigated the links between proactive socialization tactics (i.e., positive framing, sense making and relationship building) and organizational outcomes. Specifically, organizational citizenship behaviors (e.g., assisting coworkers) and counterproductive work behaviors (e.g., verbal abuse) were investigated. The sample included 216 employees from various industries and organizations with an average organizational tenure of 9 months. The results indicated that all proactive socialization behaviors were associated with high levels of citizenship behaviors (i.e., OCB). Only positive framing was associated with low levels of counterproductive work behaviors (e.g., CWB). Furthermore, newcomer adjustment variables (i.e., role clarity, self-efficacy and social integration) were positively related to OCB and negatively related to CWB. The results also provided some support for the newcomer adjustment variables as mediators between proactive socialization behaviors and OCB/CWB. The present study also investigated the role of procedural justice in this model that links proactive socialization behaviors to OCB/CWB through newcomer adjustment variables. Results indicated procedural justice moderated the relationship between relationship building and newcomer adjustment including role clarity, self-efficacy and social integration.
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Walters, Ryan L. "The Predictive Power of Machiavellianism, Emotional Manipulation, Agreeableness, and Emotional Intelligence on Counterproductive Work Behaviors." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1623081304072487.
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Meriac, John P., and C. Allen Gorman. "Work Ethic and Work Outcomes in an Expanded Criterion Domain." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/538.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between dimensions of work ethic and dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and counterproductive work behavior (CWB).
Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were collected from employed individuals in MBA and undergraduate management courses and their work supervisors (N = 233). Participants represented diverse occupations with respect to job levels and industries. Participants completed the work ethic inventory, and participants’ managers completed ratings of OCB and CWB.
Findings: The work ethic dimension of centrality of work was positively related to both dimensions of OCB (i.e., OCB-I and OCB-O), and the work ethic dimension of morality/ethics was negatively related to one of the dimensions of CWB (i.e., CWB-I).
Implications: Modern perspectives on job performance recognize the multidimensional nature of the domain (i.e., the expanded criterion domain). In addition, noncognitive predictors such as work ethic have value as individual differences that are associated with performance outcomes. The assessment of such constructs can help inform selection and placement activities where a focus on OCB and CWB is important to managers.
Originality/Value: This study provides additional evidence on the relationship between work ethic and performance outcomes. Previous research has provided limited information on the relationship between dimensions of work ethic and dimensions of OCB, and no information existed on the relationship between work ethic dimensions and CWB.
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Rodopman, Ozgun Burcu. "Proactive personality, stress and voluntary work behaviors." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001857.
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Chen, Huanyong. "Why do groups engage in counterproductive work behavior ? : the roles of group stressors and group affect." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2013. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1543.
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Hardy, Eleanor G. "The Effects of Organization-Oriented Perfectionism on Turnover Intentions, Counterproductive Work Behaviors, and Prosocial Behaviors in the Workplace." Xavier University Psychology / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xupsy1592686901330791.
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Palmer, Joshua Clinton. "Examining Ethical Leadership as a Moderator of the Relationship Between the Dark Triad and Counterproductive Work Behavior." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1913.
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In this study perceived ethical leadership was examined as a moderator of the relationship between the dark triad personality traits of narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy and counterproductive work behavior (CWB) using a sample of 208 employees recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk. These participants completed measures of personality (Short Dark Triad; Jones & Paulhus, 2014), counterproductive workplace behavior (Counterproductive Work Behavior Checklist; Spector et al., 2006), and employee perception of their direct supervisor’s ethical leadership (Brown, Treviño, & Harrison, 2005). Participants were compensated $0.65 for completing the survey. Correlation and moderation analyses (Hayes, 2012) were used to analyze data. Significant correlations suggest that individuals scoring high on Machiavellianism and psychopathy also reported engaging in more CWB. The relationship between Narcissism and counterproductive workplace behavior approached significance in the predicted direction. Machiavellianism and psychopathy were not negatively related to the employee’s perception of their supervisor’s ethical leadership. Narcissism was significantly positively related to an employee’s perception of their supervisor’s ethical leadership. Finally, ethical leadership did not moderate the relationship between Machiavellianism or psychopathy and CWB. Ethical leadership did not moderate the relationship between Narcissism and CWB, but results were approaching significance in the predicted direction. These results suggest that employees who are manipulative and lack empathy were more likely to engage in harmful behaviors in the workplace such as abuse, production deviance, sabotage, theft, and withdrawal. Further, employees who were more narcissistic and have a grandiose view of themselves were more likely to view their leaders as ethical. Overall, the results of this study indicate that perceived ethical leadership does not affect the frequency in which employees high in narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy reported engaging in counterproductive work behaviors.
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O'Brien, Kimberly E. "Self-Determination Theory and locus of control as antecedents of voluntary workplace behaviors." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000379.
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Geraghty, Sean Michael. "Examining Perceived Organizational Injustice as a Moderator in the Relationship of Dark Tetrad Personality Traits to Counterproductive Work Behavior." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2591.
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A recent meta-analysis by Berry, Ones, and Sackett (2007) revealed that perceptions of organizational justice and employee personality were two significant predictors of counterproductive work behaviors. The facets that make up the organizational justice construct are: procedural justice, distributive justice, interpersonal justice, and informational justice (Berry et al., 2007). Employees perceive justice when organizational justice rules are adhered to. However, when these rules are violated, employees may perceive injustice. The effect of perceived injustice on CWB might depend on individual characteristics, such as personality, particularly Dark Tetrad traits. The Dark Tetrad includes narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism (Buckels, Jones, & Paulhus, 2013). The intent of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Dark Tetrad traits and counterproductive work behaviors, as well as examine the moderating influence of perceived organizational injustice (distributive, procedural, interpersonal, informational, and overall injustice) on the relationship between the Dark Tetrad personality traits and four types of CWB; CWB directed towards supervisors, coworkers, the organization itself, and total CWB. Participants completed a two-part online study through Amazon Mechanical Turk, the first of which assessed perceptions of organizational (in)justice (Full-range justice scale; Colquitt, Long, Rodell, & Halvorsen-Ganepola, 2015) as well as levels of Dark Tetrad personality traits (Short Dark Triad Scale SD-3; Jones and Paulhus, 2014, and the Short Sadistic Impulse Scale SSIS; O'Meara, Davies, & Hammond, 2011). The first part of the survey also assessed participants’ negative affectivity (Negative Affectivity subscale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), and justice sensitivity (Victim Perspective subscale of the Justice Sensitivity Scale; Schmitt, Gollwitzer, & Arbach, 2005). The second survey was distributed 5 days after the first survey and assessed participants’ frequency of engagement in each type of CWB (Workplace Deviance Scale (WDS); Bennett & Robinson, 2000; modified using items from the Supervisor-Directed Deviance Scale; Mitchell & Ambrose, 2007). It was hypothesized that each DT trait would have a significant positive relationship with each type of CWB. This hypothesis was shown to be supported. It was also hypothesized that low levels of perceived organizational justice would moderate the relationships between the DT traits and CWB. This hypothesis was partially supported. Linear regression analyses were conducted, and the results showed that none of the justice facets significantly moderated the relationship of Machiavellianism with any of type of CWB. However, several justice facets showed significant moderating effects between the other three DT traits (narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism) and types of CWB. These results suggest that when individuals perceive a higher level of perceived organizational justice, those with dark tetrad personality traits are more likely to report engaging in fewer counterproductive work behaviors, relative to those who perceive lower levels of perceived organizational justice. The implications are that by improving perceptions of organizational justice, organizations could potentially reduce counterproductive work behavior in employees with strong dark tetrad personality traits.
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Bruursema, Kari. "Leadership Style and the Link with Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB): An Investigation Using the Job-Stress/CWB Model." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001015.
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Dregert, Swetlana [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Letmathe, and Christine [Akademischer Betreuer] Harbring. "Counterproductive work behavior in teams and hierarchical relationships : Organizational and individual factors / Swetlana Dregert ; Peter Letmathe, Christine Harbring." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162900350/34.
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Dregert, Swetlana Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] [Letmathe, and Christine [Akademischer Betreuer] Harbring. "Counterproductive work behavior in teams and hierarchical relationships : Organizational and individual factors / Swetlana Dregert ; Peter Letmathe, Christine Harbring." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162900350/34.
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Sprinkle, Therese A. "Beyond a Need-Based Fairness Perspective: Coworkers’ Perceptions of Justice in Flexible Work Arrangements." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1336413179.
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Petersen, Nicole L. "Retaliatory Behavior as a Response to Executive Compensation." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1428172349.
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Grothe, Maik, Henning Staar, and Monique Janneck. "How to treat the troll? An empirical analysis of counterproductive online behavior, personality traits and organizational behavior." TUDpress, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33945.
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Purpose – Online environments, such as social networks and online forums, offer new possibilities and a wide variety of identity and social relationship management for the users. However, besides functional contributions like mutual support and easy ways of establishing contacts there are critical perspectives on computer-mediated communication (CMC) regarding detrimental behavior like provoking, overbearing, attacking and insulting other users, especially when anonymity is high. Recent research has shown that these kinds of online behavior are associated with personality traits like sadism, machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy (Buckels, Trapnell & Paulhus, 2014) and can lead to severe trouble, negative affect and dysfunction in online communities (Cheng, Danescu-Niculescu-Mitzil & Leskovec, 2015). As such, in the public perception “trolls“ have become a synonym for counterproductive and dysfunctional behavior (Bishop, 2014a, 2014b). Our research aim was to shed more light on trolling and counterproductive online behavior theoretically as well as empirically. In other words: We wanted to know who is behind the troll? How can he or she be characterized in terms of personality traits and what can be expected from trolls when it comes to the organizational context and job performance?
Design/methodology/approach – In a first step, we formulated a theoretical framework on counterproductive online behavior. On that ground, two online surveys (N = 122; N = 133) were conducted. The first study’s goal was to develop and validate a questionnaire on counterproductive online behavior. The second study analyzed counterproductive online behavior and tested for possible interrelations to personality traits and work-related outcomes.
Originality/value – Using explanatory factor analyses we developed a 40-item questionnaire with two higher dimensions: Constructiveness and destructiveness. 15 subscales focus on different communication styles and trolling strategies. The second study tested the two dimensions of counterproductive online behavior on work-related outcomes such as work engagement, task-related performance and interpersonal facilitation. As was expected, destructiveness revealed significant negative correlations with all work-related outcomes as well as deviant work behavior. Constructiveness, in contrast, showed positive associations with interpersonal facilitation.
Practical implications – So far, research on trolling and counterproductive online behavior has been limited to theoretical or anecdotal approaches in most cases (cf. Bishop, 2013a, 2013b). Our study aimed at a more systematic examination of this CMCspecific phenomenon. However, our study design, acquisition of the samples and the formulation of the questionnaire suggest that the results are valid indeed. On that note, our research is a first step for a deeper understanding on people showing counterproductive online behavior.
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Gorsuch, Jenna L. "The Effects of Control and Work/Family Centrality on the Personal Use of Work Computers." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1397838982.
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Dreibelbis, Rachel Christine. "It’s More Than Just Changing Your Password: Exploring the Nature and Antecedents of Cyber-Security Behaviors." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6083.
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Organizations have become increasingly concerned with developing and protecting their information security systems. Despite attempts to secure the information infrastructure, employees inside of organizations remain the largest source of threat to information cyber-security. While previous research has focused on behavioral and situational factors that influence cyber-security behaviors, the measurement of cyber behaviors and their relationship to other performance variables is poorly understood. The purpose of the present study is to 1) determine the underlying factor structure of a cyber-security behavior scale, 2) assess if individual personality traits predict four types of cyber-security behaviors: security assurance, security compliance, security risk, and security damaging behaviors, and 3) explore the relationship between citizenship and counterproductive work behaviors and cyber-security behaviors. Results indicate that cyber-security behavior can be separated into four distinct dimensions and that personality traits such as conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience are predictive of these behaviors. Additionally, positive cyber behaviors are related organizational citizenship behaviors, and potentially harmful cyber behaviors related to counterproductive work behaviors. This research has implications for using personality to predict cyber-security behaviors and reduce insider threat in the workplace.
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Gorman, C. Allen, and C. P. Meriac. "Work Ethic and Work Outcomes in an Expanded Criterion Domain." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/418.
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Bragg, Caleb Braxton. "Not All Forms Of Misbehavior Are Created Equal: Perpetrator Personality AndDifferential Relationships With CWBs." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1440185224.
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Bivens, Jennifer. "The Effects of Interactional Justice Perceptions of Performance Appraisal Feedback on Appraisal Satisfaction, Counterproductive Work Behaviors, and Self-Efficacy." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10128053.
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There are many factors that influence the success of employees in organizations, one of which is the perception of interactional justice. Interactional justice combines two forms of justice: informational justice (the degree to which employees are given relevant information) and interpersonal justice (whether employees are treated with dignity and respect) (Bies & Moag, 1986; Patient & Skarlicki, 2014). The present study sought to explore how perceptions of interactional justice during a performance review influence appraisal satisfaction, workplace self-efficacy, and counterproductive work behaviors. A survey was designed to measure the degree to which 138 employees perceived interactional justice during their performance appraisal as well as their appraisal satisfaction, workplace self-efficacy, and their prevalence in engaging in counterproductive work behaviors. Correlational analyses revealed that employees who perceive high levels of interactional justice during their performance appraisal feel more satisfied with the appraisal, more capable or self-efficacious at work, and engage in counterproductive work behaviors less often than those who perceive low levels of interactional justice. Also, a mediated regression revealed that appraisal satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between interactional justice and self-efficacy. Ultimately, these findings demonstrate the impact that interpersonal exchanges have on employees and their work behaviors.