Journal articles: 'County judge'

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Moran, Mark. "Judge Works for MH Reform of County Criminal Justice System." Psychiatric News 45, no. 22 (November 19, 2010): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.45.22.psychnews_45_22_017.

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Salinas, Jimmy A. "Oil Spill Management—The Brazoria County, Texas Approach." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 913–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-913.

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ABSTRACT Brazoria County, Texas has established a partnership of government, industry, and the public to ensure that management of spills in this county considers the local expertise, resources, and concerns when developing protection strategies and implementing spill response plans. In 1990 the Mega Borg oil spill, which occurred in the Gulf of Mexico, was initially projected to impact Brazoria County beaches and wetlands. In response to this threat the Brazoria County Judge, who is the Local On-Scene Coordinator (LOSC) for the county during emergencies, convened a meeting of the local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and the county's emergency management office. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss the spill threat and determine what action, if any, could be taken. The Judge also called on various county officials, industry specialists, local federal trustees, and local environmentalists to participate. The meeting resulted in the establishment of an Oil Spill Subcommittee (OSS) to the LEPC. This subcommittee worked quickly to develop a protection plan should the oil spill threat become a reality. Specific protection priorities for the county's coastal areas was developed and included a contingency of county and industry responders who were prepared to initiate protective measures if required. The County Judge delivered the county's plan, concerns, and support to the Unified Incident Command (UIC) in Galveston, Texas. Since its inception the OSS has been active responding to spill threats, and participating in area wide National Preparedness for Response Exercise Program (PREP) Exercises in the county. The uniqueness of the OSS is that it draws expertise from different stake holders in the county and melds a local partnership that brings a vast amount of knowledge, experience, and resources in a unified effort. The Brazoria County OSS continues to improve its organization and stands ready to assist spill management when an incident threatens Brazoria County.

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Enos, Gary. "Judge ends decades‐old lawsuit over jail services in Arizona county." Mental Health Weekly 29, no. 41 (October 28, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32106.

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JOHNSON, BRIAN D. "THE MULTILEVEL CONTEXT OF CRIMINAL SENTENCING: INTEGRATING JUDGE- AND COUNTY-LEVEL INFLUENCES*." Criminology 44, no. 2 (May 2006): 259–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2006.00049.x.

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Baum, Dale. "The 1870 Military Investigation into the Complaints against William Longworth, Radical Republican County Judge of Wilson County, Texas." Southwestern Historical Quarterly 125, no. 1 (2021): 32–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/swh.2021.0051.

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Adams, Kevin, and Khal Schneider. ""Washington is a Long Way Off": The "Round Valley War" and the Limits of Federal Power on a California Indian Reservation." Pacific Historical Review 80, no. 4 (November 1, 2011): 557–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2011.80.4.557.

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In 1887 the Office of Indian Affairs requested that the Army evict the handful of white trespassers who claimed over 90 percent of the Round Valley Reservation in Northern California. The trespassers turned to local courts to block their evictions, and a county judge dispatched the Mendocino County sheriff to arrest the federal officer who persisted with his orders. The ensuing "Round Valley War" shows that, although elites associated with Indian affairs took federal supremacy on Indian Reservations for granted, and while historians have also tended to treat the West, and "Indian Country" in particular, as a domain where federal prerogatives reigned supreme, in the aftermath of the Civil War anti-statism and Democratic localism presented effective counterclaims to the coercive power of the federal state.

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Friedland, Martin L., and Kent Roach. "Borderline Justice: Choosing Juries in the Two Niagaras." Israel Law Review 31, no. 1-3 (1997): 120–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015260.

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This paper examines the use of juries in criminal cases in Canada and the United States. It is part of a larger study of the administration of criminal justice in Niagara County, Ontario and Niagara County, New York. The basic question examined is why persons accused of serious crimes in the United States usually select a jury, whereas persons in similar circumstances in Canada normally select trial by a judge alone. An investigation of this question will enable us to see some significant differences between the administration of criminal justice in the United States and Canada. It will also show how changes in specific procedural rules may affect other practices. There is a complex interplay between procedural rules. The paper concludes by showing that the widespread use of juries in the United States is consistent with the more populist grass-roots approach in American society which tends to distrust government, compared with the traditional respect for authority, including the authority of judges, in Canada.

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Warner, Kate, Julia Davis, Caroline Spiranovic, Helen Cockburn, and Arie Freiberg. "Measuring jurors’ views on sentencing: Results from the second Australian jury sentencing study." Punishment & Society 19, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 180–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474516660697.

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This paper presents the results of the Victorian Jury Sentencing Study which aimed to measure jurors’ views on sentencing. The study asked jurors who had returned a guilty verdict to propose a sentence for the offender, to comment on the sentence given by the judge in their case and to give their opinions on general sentencing levels for different offence types. A total of 987 jurors from 124 criminal trials in the County Court of Victoria participated in this mixed-method and multi-phased study in 2013–2015. The results are based on juror responses to the Stage One and Stage Two surveys and show that the views of judges and jurors are much more closely aligned than mass public opinion surveys would suggest.

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Mead, John. "Orthopaedics – Surgeon guilty of poor practice but not negligent: Saunders v County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust (Darlington County Court, 13 February 2013 – Judge Grenfell)." Clinical Risk 19, no. 3 (May 2013): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356262213497683.

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Munala, Daniel Ambundo, and Dr Julius Korir. "CONSTRAINTS TO GROWTH OF MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA." International Journal of Finance 2, no. 1 (February 2, 2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijf.45.

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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the constraints to growth of micro finance institutions in Nairobi County, KenyaMethodology:The study adopted a descriptive survey research design to study the factors constraining the growth of the MFls. A census of all the 54 MFIs registered with the Association of Microfinance Institutions of Kenya AMFI was carried out. The informants for the study were drawn from the senior employees.Data was collected using questionnaires. Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics by use of graphs and pie charts.Results: The study findings revealed that Only 36 per cent MFIs offer micro savings as a service, the reason being that the rest (64%) are not registered as Deposit Taking Microfinance institutions by the Central bank of Kenya.Policy recommendation: The study recommends that loan repayment should be constantly monitored and whenever there is a default in repayment, a quick action should be taken. The Microfinance should also avoid granting loans to the risky customers or for speculative ventures, monitor loan repayments, and renegotiate loans whenever borrowers get into difficulties. Credit analysis of potential borrowers should be carried out in order to judge the credit risk with the borrower and to reach a lending decision

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Zhang, He, Jingyi Peng, Dahlia Yu, Lie You, and Rui Wang. "Carbon Emission Governance Zones at the County Level to Promote Sustainable Development." Land 10, no. 2 (February 15, 2021): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020197.

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Low-carbon governance at the county level has been an important issue for sustainable development due to the large contributions to carbon emission. However, the experiences of carbon emission governance at the county level are lacking. This paper discusses 5 carbon emission governance zones for 1753 counties. The zoning is formed according to a differentiated zoning method based on a multi-indicator evaluation to judge if the governance had better focus and had formulated a differentiated carbon emission governance system. According to zoning results, there is 1 high-carbon governance zone, 2 medium-carbon governance zones, and 2 low-carbon zones. The extensive high-carbon governance zone and medium-carbon zones are key governance areas, in which the counties are mainly located in the northern plain areas and southeast coastal areas and have contributed 51.88% of total carbon emissions. This paper proposes differentiated governance standards for each indicator of the 5 zones. The differentiated zoning method mentioned in this paper can be applied to other governance issues of small-scale regions.

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Mead, John. "Hooper v Basildon and Thurrock University Hospitals NHS FT (Central London County Court, 15 February 2019 – Judge Baucher)." Journal of Patient Safety and Risk Management 24, no. 6 (October 25, 2019): 251–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516043519878363.

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Sőrés, Anett. "Cognitive dimensions of subjective quality of life in Hajdú-Bihar county." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 7, no. 4-5 (December 30, 2013): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2013/4-5/18.

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The objective of the present study is an investigation of the objective and subjective factors of life quality. Researchers and political leaders show increasing interest in the question: on what grounds do people judge their quality of life, what satisfies or makes them happy? Do we subconsciously make some kinds of mathematical calculations weighing our results achieved in certain areas of life to assess how we are getting on? Or rather we use one “indicator” (e.g. money, number of friends, professional recognition) and we assess our situation accordingly? These issues necessarily emerge when it comes to the consideration of the quality of life. Among factors determining life satisfaction, earnings, employment, health and relationships play significant roles. Therefore, on the leading edge of this research are primarily the cognitive factors of life quality, i.e. external factors influencing satisfaction. The present study also seeks to identify the role of health tourism in the assessment of the quality of life. Questionnaires were completed in one of the most popular tourist destinations of Hajdú-Bihar County. The 805 local respondents expressed their views primarily about factors determining their well-being and about the impacts of the dominant presence of health tourism on their lives.

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LaFrance, Arthur B. "Tobacco Litigation: Smoke, Mirrors and Public Policy." American Journal of Law & Medicine 26, no. 2-3 (2000): 187–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800011059.

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My experience and reflections concerning tobacco litigation stem from representing the American Cancer Society in November of 1998,' when the State of Oregon asked Judge Anna Brown of the Circuit Court of Multnomah County in Portland to approve the settlement agreement reached between Oregon and the major tobacco manufacturers. The American Cancer Society inteivened in opposition. The agreement was a part of a multi-state settlement reached by forty-six state Attorneys Generals and the tobacco industry proposed to state courts during that same week and the ensuing weeks around the country. By October of 1999, the Master-Settlement Agreement (MSA) was approved by enough states that it was effectuated. Distributions pursuant to the agreement will begin in 2000 or 2001. Total disbursements over twenty years will exceed $240 billion, a huge amount of money by anyone's standards.

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Lin, Jing, Kai Yang, Hui Chen, Jia Yi Wang, Chun Gui Zhang, and Chuan Rong Huang. "The Visualization of Soil Moisture Based on VB and Surfer." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 1859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.1859.

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This article discusses the basic principle of how to use Visual Basic6.0 programming language called Surfer8.0 for embedded programming, describe the key technical, give an example of 32 automatic stations of soil moisture map of Fujian Province in China, through VB to call the drawing function of Surfer, full play the grid capacity and drawing functions of Surfer, performance visual graphics data. Display and output the city (county) and site map which can judge and measure the arid locations, will be of great help and guidance, provide scientific basis for the leadership decision-making.

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McCall, Janice D., Keri L. Rodriguez, Debra Barnisin-Lange, and Adam J. Gordon. "A Qualitative Examination of the Experiences of Veterans Treatment Court Graduates in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 63, no. 3 (September 21, 2018): 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x18801462.

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U.S. Veterans treatment courts (VTCs) serve justice-involved Veterans with behavioral health and reintegration issues. However, there is paucity of efforts examining VTC participants’ experiences and distinguishing the unique operations of VTCs. We summarize a descriptive history of a large VTC program in a major metropolitan area (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) and examine the experiences of this VTC’s participants. We used content analysis to code VTC graduation proceeding transcripts with complementary content data from resources distributed by the presiding Judge to entering participants. From 2009 through 2016, 118 Veterans were graduated, averaging 9 to 12 months for completion for those with felony or non-felony charges, and blended monitoring with positive reinforcement within a three-stage program. From 62 VTC graduates across eight graduations, testimonies centered on gratitude toward the treatment team, treatment readiness, treatments received, and reintegration. As several theoretical frameworks on behavior change exist, opportunities remain to enhance the delivery of the VTC.

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Maume, Patrick. "Nationalism and partition: the political thought of Arthur Clery." Irish Historical Studies 31, no. 122 (November 1998): 222–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400013924.

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Arthur Chanel Clery appears in James Joyce’s Stephen Hero among the students at University College, Dublin, as a platitudinous timeserver called Whelan who criticises Stephen Dedalus’s views on Ibsen and wants to be a county court judge. Clery became a Gaelic Leaguer, defence lawyer for 1916 insurgents, Sinn Féin Supreme Court judge during the War of Independence, Republican envoy to the Vatican during the Civil War, and — briefly — an abstentionist T.D. He was also one of the few nationalists of his generation to advocate partition, not as a matter of political expediency, but because he regarded the Ulster Protestants as a separate nation entitled to self-determination. This article traces the development of his political attitudes from his youthful advocacy of Christian democracy in response to snobbery and anti-Catholic discrimination, to his final years as an extreme Republican who called parliamentary democracy a sham invented by Freemasons to justify exploitation of the poor, and advocated a new Catholic social order which would combine the achievements of Lenin and Mussolini.

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Čunichina, K., G. Valickas, V. Navickas, and V. Pakalniškienė. "The Image of Judges and Courts Perceived by Children." Psychology and Law 10, no. 1 (2020): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2020100112.

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A view on law, legislation, law-enforcement institutions and officers formed in childhood may affect personal views and behavior in adulthood. Development of such an image is important aspect of legal socialization process as it may be crucial for law compliance, interaction with law enforcement officers and trust in legal system, etc. The present study was focused at filling the gap in the studies revealing perceived image of judges and courts formed in childhood. 110 boys and 112 girls, aged 7 – 10, participated in the study. To evaluate the image of judges and courts Draw-A-Judge-Test followed by semi-structured interview was used. The results revealed that 7–10-year-olds have a more or less realistic mental picture of judges and their working place. No gender or age differences were revealed comparing both: realism and character of judge image in drawings. Realism of the drawings was related to the source of information about courts and judges. The analysis of verbal responses showed that younger children possess more positive environmental image of a court, while older children have less positive social image of a judge.

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DeBray, Elizabeth. "“The Equitable Powers of the Judge”: The Conflict Between No Child Left Behind and Court-Ordered Desegregation in Richmond County, Georgia." Equity & Excellence in Education 37, no. 3 (September 2004): 264–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10665680490491759.

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Mead, John. "Mother's injuries not due to negligence: D v East Cheshire NHS Trust (Chester County Court, 21/4/08 – Judge Teague QC)." Clinical Risk 14, no. 6 (November 2008): 251–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2008.080078.

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Bower, Simeon. "Ear syringing claim dismissed: Estrella Walters v Stockport NHS Primary Care Trust (Manchester County Court, 2/11/2011 – Judge Armitage QC)." Clinical Risk 18, no. 2 (March 2012): 79–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2012.012h07.

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Jha, Anand, and Yu Chen. "Audit Fees and Social Capital." Accounting Review 90, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 611–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50878.

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ABSTRACT We examine the impact of social capital on audit fees. We find that firms headquartered in U.S. counties with high social capital pay lower audit fees. Social capital measures the level of mutual trust in a region. Our results suggest that auditors judge the trustworthiness of their clients based on where the firm is headquartered and charge a premium when they trust the firm less. The basis of our results is the examination of more than 28,000 audit fees for more than 5,000 firms spanning the period of 2000 to 2009. The results are robust to controlling for a large number of firm-level and county-level characteristics. JEL Classifications: M42; M14.

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Dzikovskiy, Maksym. "Austrian judicial system of 1867." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 3 (November 10, 2020): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.3.2020.09.

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The article examines the Austrian judicial system formed on the basis of the Basic Constitutional Law of Austria on JudicialPower of December 27, 1867, requirements for individuals who wanted to become judges.The judge could be any male Austrian citizen who had a university degree in law and practical experience of at least three years,successfully passed the written and oral exams. Examination commissions were set up annually by the Minister of Justice at each higherregional court. They included law professors and skilled practitioners. Thus, the professionalism of judges was ensured.Judges were appointed for life by the emperor or relevant officials on his behalf. At the time of their appointment, they took anofficial oath and an oath to strictly abide by the constitution and laws of Austria-Hungary. All decisions were made on behalf of theemperor. Judges were recognized as free and independent in their decisions. In 1908, in Eastern Galicia, 63.8 % of judges were of Polishnationality and 31.8 % were Ukrainians. From 1870 in Eastern Galicia there was one higher legal court in Lviv and 5 district judges,and from the beginning of the XX century 10 district judges.The functions and powers of the Supreme Judicial and Cassation Tribunal in Vienna (the State Tribunal), which was the highestcourt in Austria, are highlighted. The competence of cases in which the State Tribunal made decisions as a court of first instance andthe procedure for their consideration are analyzed. The procedure of formation of the composition of the State Tribunal is covered.Along with the State Tribunal, the Administrative Tribunal was functioning in Austria, created on the basis of the law adopted bythe Austrian Parliament in 1875. The structure, powers and functions of the High Regional Courts, District Courts and County Courtsare analyzed. The peculiarities of the functioning of the Austrian judicial system in Galicia in 1867–1918 are highlighted.

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Mead, John. "Sperm loss – no liability in negligence: Yearworth and others v North Bristol NHS Trust (Exeter County Court, 12/3/08 – Judge Griggs)." Clinical Risk 14, no. 3 (May 2008): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2008.080025.

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Mead, John. "Surgeon not negligent despite poor communication: Doyle (deceased) v Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust (Chester County Court, 11/12/07 – Judge Halbert)." Clinical Risk 15, no. 2 (March 2009): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2009.090010.

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Zhou, Zhuo Ling, and Chang Wu Liu. "Stability Analysis of Duchuanbian Collapse." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.224.

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Duchuanbian collapse is located inside Micangshan avenue in Nanjiang county, Sichuan province, consisting of 6 dangerous rock bands. It is in a basically stable state overall now, with partial area in a semi-stable or unstable state. Qualitative analysis is carried out in stereographic projection method taking 1st dangerous rock band of Duchuanbian collapse for example, so as to understand the structure feature of slope rock mass, and judge it may occur collapse in falling type.And then static force analysis method is used for quantitative calculations, thus determining that 1st dangerous rock band is in semi-stable state under natural condition, and it may occur collapse under action of torrential rain, earthquake and other unfavorable factors. Therefor, it requires to take reasonable measures for comprehensive treatment.

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Medina, Justin C. "Making the Decision to Extend Probation Supervision at a Local Agency." Crime & Delinquency 63, no. 13 (October 24, 2016): 1712–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128716674702.

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The response to a probation violation is often a shared decision between the probation officer and the supervising judge. The result of this decision is a range of possible outcomes. One violation outcome examined here was extended supervision lengths in lieu of incarceration. This decision has been overlooked by prior research but is important to ensure equitable treatment of probationers. This study examined behavioral and organizational factors that resulted in extended supervisions for 6,034 probationers within a large county agency. On average, supervision extensions for these probationers lasted approximately 2 months (62.08 days). The decision-making framework partially explains these extensions because officers had access to poor client behavior indicators. The practical and policy implications of these findings are discussed.

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Mead, John. "Removal of non-cancerous testicle not negligent: Healey v Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust (Brighton County Court, 6/3/07 – Judge Simpkiss)." Clinical Risk 14, no. 2 (March 2008): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2008.080005.

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White, Stephen. "The Maintenance of Closed Anglican Churchyards." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 11, no. 3 (August 6, 2009): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x09990081.

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In 2004, this Journal published a case note of a decision by District Judge Thomas in the Gloucester County Court. At issue was the leeway permitted a District or Parish Council in discharging its obligation of maintaining a closed Anglican churchyard ‘by keeping it in decent order and its walls and fences in good repair’. The Parochial Church Council had passed responsibility for maintaining the churchyard to the Parish Council, which, in turn, had passed it to the District Council. The obligation was (and still is) no more and no less than that of the Parochial Church Council before the transfer. It is, said the note, ‘one of substantive maintenance and not merely management of decline (note the relief granted at first instance in R v Burial Board of Bishopwearmouth (1879) 5 QBD 67 at 68)’.

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GOLDKAMP, JOHN S. "Miami's Treatment Drug Court for Felony Defendants: Some Implications of Assessment Findings." Prison Journal 74, no. 2 (June 1994): 110–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855594074002002.

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One of the most innovative responses to the dramatic increase in the drug-caseloads of the 1980s in American courts was the Miami Drug Court, a treatment-oriented drug court that sought to bring substance abuse treatment to bear on the problems of drug-involved felony defendants in a diversionary, alternative processing approach. The treatment drug court model pioneered by Dade County officials in 1989 defined a new, hands-on role for the judge in managing the processing and treatment of defendants and an unorthodox courtroom approach that was based on teamwork among defense, prosecution, treatment, and other court-related agencies. Perhaps the greatest contribution of the court innovation was the attempt to marry the methods of drug treatment (and an understanding of drug-involved behavior) with the goals of criminal processing in a judge-supervised treatment program based on outpatient methods in the community. This article describes the Miami Drug Court Model and reports on findings from an empirical assessment to determine its impact that followed defendants into and through the Drug Court starting in the fall of 1990 for an observation period of 18 months and examined issues in a number of key criminal justice and treatment areas. In addition to considering the implications of the evaluative findings for the promise of the Miami Drug Court Model as an alternative processing strategy, this article examines policy issues relating to selection and extension of a target population posed for the treatment drug court approach and illustrates the need for differentiating among drug court candidates in planning effective and efficient treatment programs.

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Roberts, David, and Amy Matthews. "Earlier CT scan not mandated: Hirst (deceased) v Scarborough & North East Yorkshire Healthcare NHS Trust (Leeds County Court, 11/7/08 – Judge Hawkesworth QC)." Clinical Risk 15, no. 1 (January 2009): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2008.080103.

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Mead, John. "Trust hairdresser unable to recover for RSI – Lavinia Carrington -v- South Essex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust (Southend County Court, 4/6/2014 – Judge Moloney QC)." Clinical Risk 20, no. 4 (July 2014): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356262214554741a.

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Mead, John. "No Evidence of negligent acquisition of MRSA: Billington (deceased) v South Tees Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (Bristol County Court, 6 January 2015—Judge Denyer QC)." Clinical Risk 21, no. 4 (July 2015): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356262215602582.

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Maher, Craig S., Jae Won Oh, and Wei-Jie Liao. "Assessing fiscal distress in small county governments." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 32, no. 4 (August 22, 2020): 691–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-02-2020-0016.

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PurposeIdentifying tools for predicting fiscally distressed local governments has received heightened attention following the Great Recession of 2007–2009. Despite the recent expansion of research, measuring fiscal distress is challenging because of the operational complexity associated with the term. Furthermore, many local governments are too small to produce a Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR), upon which many empirical studies of fiscal condition or fiscal distress are based. This study designs a parsimonious tool for identifying fiscally distressed entities based on existing literature. The authors examine Nebraska's 93 counties over a nine-year period (from 2010 to 2018). In order to ensure the validity of our tool, we replicate two well-known empirical approaches of assessing local fiscal condition and compare the results with ours. The authors find nearly all counties in Nebraska to be free from fiscal distress in the past decade. However, since most counties in Nebraska have small populations and are far from urban centers, they may still be vulnerable to future fiscal shocks and may need to closely monitor their fiscal condition.Design/methodology/approachThe authors offer a parsimonious method for assessing the existence of fiscally distressed counties. They select predictors of fiscal distress based on two criteria. First, for the purpose of this study, the authors use financial information that is uniform, easily accessible and does not rely on CAFRs. In order to make their model parsimonious and replicable, the authors only consider factors that have the most decisive effects on local fiscal conditions. Second, the authors draw on indicators that have been consistently supported by previous studies (e.g., Kloha et al., 2005; Gorina et al., 2018). The authors test the validity of this approach using correlation analysis and regression modeling, similar to Wang et al. (2007).FindingsThe authors’ fiscal distress measure shows encouraging signs. Results show that all but Brown's model are highly correlated. The decile and standard deviation models have the strongest correlation (r = 0.955, p < 0.01). These two models are also significantly associated with Kloha et al.'s model. Their correlation coefficients are 0.812 and 0.830, respectively. Consistent with Wang et al. (2007), the authors find modest associations between our fiscal measures and socioeconomic measures.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations include questions of generalizability – we are only studying Nebraska counties. The extent to which the findings are generalizable to counties in other states remains to be seen. We advise readers and policymakers to bear in mind that at this point, there is no perfect way to measure local fiscal condition or fiscal distress. Specifically, with our model, the foremost advantages of parsimony are data accessibility and replicability. However, unlike other existing tools that consider dozens of indicators, our tool bears the cost of not employing a more comprehensive perspective that may be required to capture a full picture of local fiscal condition.Practical implicationsThe purpose of this research was to construct and present a parsimonious way of identifying local fiscal distress that is easily replicated and applied in practice. The challenges were operational – both in terms of definition and measurement. Fiscal distress is a nebulous concept that can vary based on the researcher's intent. Our chosen set of indicators have two characteristics: accessibility of financial information and consistency with past studies. Thus, we assess two of the four dimensions of solvency: budgetary solvency and long-run solvency. The authors suggest that this effort should not be used as a tool by state lawmakers to accuse and judge local governments. Instead, it should be used to assist local governments as Iowa and Colorado do. The findings could be the beginning of a conversation between the state and local governments to determine the best course(s) of action. As previously mentioned, there are many causes of fiscal distress and poor decision-making is not very common. Looking into the future, the authors expect more local governments to become fiscally distressed and the primary cause would be economic/demographic change. Since many local governments in Nebraska have very small populations and are far from the urban centers of Omaha and Lincoln, they might be vulnerable to future fiscal shocks. Thus, state lawmakers need to begin considering strategies to deal with local fiscal distress. The authors do have limitations in measurement. However, if used appropriately, this research can add value to the discussion of managing local government fiscal distress in Nebraska and other similar states.Social implicationsWhile the analysis finds little fiscal distress currently in Nebraska, there is concern that with population migration to the urban areas and the “graying” of the state, local governments in rural areas (the vast majority in Nebraska) could face more serious issues in future years. A recent study showed that local fiscal condition is negatively associated with the distance from the municipality to the urban centers of Omaha and Lincoln (Maher et al., 2019). These spatial effects could be further exacerbated in a state that ranks near the bottom in financial support of local governments and policy makers are committed to “controlling” property taxes.Originality/valueThis study, while building on prior work, is unique in that it focuses on counties as opposed to municipalities, which are the most common units of analysis. The authors also offer a model for assessing fiscal distress in a state that currently does not have state-level systems to monitor local finances. Finally, rather than relying on audited annual financial reports which would disqualify many smaller local governments, the authors offer a parsimonious tool that is easily replicated and can be used by all local governments that submit uniform financial reports to their states.

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Tanenhaus, David S. "Growing Up Dependent: Family Preservation in Early Twentieth-Century Chicago." Law and History Review 19, no. 3 (2001): 547–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/744273.

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On December 23, 1912, a Hungarian father brought his three young daughters (ages three, five, and seven) to the Cook County Juvenile Court to file dependent petitions on their behalf. He alleged that their mother had deserted the family, stolen their savings, and disappeared. As a single father, he could have and probably did argue that it was unreasonable to expect him to work and to raise his young children simultaneously. On Christmas Eve, after a six-man jury found each girl to be a “dependent child,” Judge Merritt Pinckney ordered them committed to the Lisle Industrial School and arranged for their father to pay $15 a month for their support. Thus, the single father had used the juvenile court to arrange for a private institution to raise his now motherless children, who because they were the same gender were at least allowed to grow up together in the same industrial school.

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Mead, John. "Unprecedented injuries – negligence by anaesthetists not demonstrated: Heaton v Central Manchester and Manchester Children's University Hospitals NHS Trust (Manchester County Court, April 2007 – Judge Armitage QC)." Clinical Risk 14, no. 3 (May 2008): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2008.080027.

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Shircliffe, Barbara J. "Rethinking Turner v. Keefe: The Parallel Mobilization of African-American and White Teachers in Tampa, Florida, 1936–1946." History of Education Quarterly 52, no. 1 (February 2012): 99–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2011.00374.x.

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In 1941, members of the local unit of the Florida State Teachers Association (FSTA) met in Tampa to plan a lawsuit against Hillsborough County's school board for paying African-American teachers less than white teachers. Hilda Turner, who taught history and economics at Tampa's historically black high school, agreed to serve as plaintiff; she was the only one to volunteer. Thurgood Marshall chief counsel for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)'s Legal Defense Fund (LDF), assisted Samuel McGill, a Jacksonville attorney, in representing Turner, who filed a complaint in federal court that November. In the fall of 1942, responding to Turner's suit, Hillsborough County school board dropped the race-tiered salary schedule and adopted a “rating” scale that based teachers' pay on a number of factors other than training and experience, including “physical, health, personality, and character,” “scholarship and attitude,” and “instructional skill and performance.” The rating committee charged with classifying teachers placed 84 percent of white teachers in the highest pay bracket, and 80 percent of African-American teachers in the lowest pay bracket. As in other Florida cases, Hillsborough County school board offered the new rating scale as evidence that the district no longer discriminated on the basis of race, an assertion Marshall attempted to challenge at trial. However, in 1943, two years after Turner's complaint was originally filed, the federal district judge ruled that the new salary scale was “fair on its face.”

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Gyetvainé Balogh, Ágnes. "Construction History and Research of the Holy Trinity Parish Church in Szigetmonostor." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 52, no. 1 (May 3, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.16946.

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The church of Szigetmonostor, together with the parish building in front, and the late chanter house next to it, is the characteristic complex of its environment. Its plan with the middle tower façade solution is a classic example of Baroque church architecture of the eighteenth century. The most valuable part of the building is the late Baroque pulpit renovated while keeping its original appearance.Szigetmonostor – earlier Monostor – a municipality in Pest County on the Szentendre Island came into the possession of the Zichy family after the Turkish rule. In the 1730s, Ferenc Zichy put the tenure in pawn to Gábor Horányi, a servant judge in Pest County, who started greater developments here by building a castle (today the parish) and a church in the 1740s. The tower was built in front of the main façade a few years after the completion of the nave. The Vienna Court Chamber acquired the manor from the Zichy family in 1766 after a long lawsuit, also redeeming Monostor from the Horányi family. In 1774, the master masons Mihály János Hamon and Jakab Gföller were commissioned to survey the buildings of the manor, which came into the possession of the Crown from the Zichys. Their survey plans illustrate the church with the small teaching house and church garden next to it. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the church underwent several renewals and renovations and minor alterations that could be tracked with the help of records and Canonica Visitatios.

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Barnett, Mark, and Sarah White. "Damage to sciatic nerve not due to surgeon's negligence: Roy Edwin Davis v George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust (Birmingham County Court, 14/1/09 – Judge Butler QC)." Clinical Risk 15, no. 3 (May 2009): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2009.090033.

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Hodgetts, Tim, and Bevan Brittan. "Radiologist not liable for failure to spot lacrimal gland abnormality: Tina Morris v University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (Birmingham County Court, 27/1/09 – Judge Worster)." Clinical Risk 15, no. 6 (November 2009): 261–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/cr.2009.090078.

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Forbes, Stephen A. "An American Terrestrial Leech." Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 3, no. 1-15 (June 11, 2019): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21900/j.inhs.v3.190.

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Our common land leech was first obtained by me in April, 1876, at Normal, McLean County, Illinois, where it was dug up in a house garden, about a dozen rods from the nearest rivulet. An example sent the following year to Prof. A. E. Verrill, with some remarks on its superficial characters, was by him identified provisionally and with some hesitation as his Semiscolex grandis, originally described* from three aquatic individuals obtained from Lake Huron, Lake Superior, and West River, Connecticut. I have now, however, fifty-six specimens of this leech, all from the earth in Central Illinois, some of them half a mile or more from water, and representing collections made at different times from April, 1876, to June, 1890 ; while, on the other hand, it has not once occurred in the course of a large amount of aquatic work done in the same regions during these fifteen years. It has, moreover, constant characters which clearly distinguish it from Semiscolex qrandis as far as one may judge by a comparison with Verrill's description, and I do not doubt that it is distinct.

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Groth, William R. "Litigating the Indiana Photo-ID Law: Lessons in Judicial Dissonance and Abdication." PS: Political Science & Politics 42, no. 01 (January 2009): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096509090258.

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Following the 2004 elections Republicans assumed ascendancy in Indiana, capturing the governorship for the first time in 16 years, retaining control of the Senate and regaining control of the Indiana House of Representatives after eight years in political exile. This political development set the stage for the passage in April 2005 of the Indiana photo-ID law, also known as Senate Enrolled Act 483 (SEA), on a straight party-line vote. Two days after SEA 483 was signed into law by governor Mitch Daniels the Indiana Democratic Party (IDP) filed suit in federal district court in Indianapolis (IDP v. Rokita2006). The case was assigned in a blind draw to U.S. district judge Sarah Evans Barker, an appointee of President Reagan and a former U.S. attorney. The same day the Indiana chapter of the ACLU filed an action in Marion Superior Court,Crawford v. Marion County Election Board. The Indiana attorney general intervened in both cases to defend the law's constitutionality and removedCrawfordto federal court, where it was immediately consolidated withRokita.

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Bouchard, Serge, Marie-Michèle Lavigne, and Pascal Renauld. "L'inconstitutionnalité des pouvoirs du protonotaire spécial." Articles 22, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 429–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042443ar.

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The office of special prothonotary was created in 1975 by an amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure. The main purpose of the change was to ease the administration of justice before the courts. For this reason, the special prothonotary received many assignments which were reserved until then to a judge sitting in chambers and even to the court itself. Such transfer of duties and powers may conflict with section 96 of the BNA Act, which acts as a bar to prevent the withdrawal of judicial functions from a superior, county or district court. This paper deals with the interferences between various sections of the Code of Civil Procedure and section 96 of the BNA Act. The first part of the paper deals with the approach adopted by the courts. The true test, according to the case-law, is to determine the nature of the function involved. Since only judicial functions are protected by section 96, it is intravires the Legislature of Quebec to confer on a board or tribunal administrative or ministerial powers. If the transfer involves judicial functions, the courts will use the test adopted by the Privy Council in Labour Relations Board of Saskatchewan v. John East Iron Works and by Sir Lyman Duff in In re Adoption Act, and examine whether the transferee is analogous to a superior, district or county court. The courts will also have to apply the « 1867 statute books test » : was the particular function conferred to the prothonotary before 1867 ? If the results of each of the two tests are affirmative, then the function is one protected by section 96 of the BNA Act and its transfer is ultra vires the provincial Legislature. If the results are negative, the courts will examine if the provisions involved have the effect of vesting in the special prothonotary the powers of a superior court judge. If the courts conclude that it is so, then, the assignment is ultra vires the powers of the provincial Legislature. The second part deals with each of the assignments transferred to the special prothonotary. These are threefold in nature: 1. Actions by default to appear or by default to plead under article 195 C.C.P. ; 2. Jurisdiction under article 44.1(1) C.C.P. ; 3. Interlocutory or incidental proceedings, contested or not, but, if so, with the consent of the parties. The paper concludes that most of the provisions dealing with the duties and powers of the special prothonotary are unconstitutional

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Mead, John. "Gynaecology – Surgeon not liable for failing to remove all retained products of conception: X v Walsall Healthcare NHS Trust (Coventry County Court, 21/5/2015 – Judge Mithani QC)." Clinical Risk 21, no. 5 (September 2015): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356262215618047a.

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McWhinney, Edward, and Serge April. "The 1990 Triennial Elections to the International Court of Justice and the 1989 Casual Election." Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international 28 (1991): 403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0069005800004185.

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The regular, triennial elections for the International Court of Justice (ICJ), with a third of the fifteen seats on the Court coming up for renewal or replacement, were held on November 15, 1990. The five successful candidates thus elected, or re-elected, qualified for regular nine-year terms beginning on February 6, 1991. In the result, two incumbent judges, from France (Judge Guillaume) and Great Britian (Judge Jennings), who were candidates for re-election, were successful. Two other incumbent judges, from Argentina (the retiring Court President, Judge Ruda) and from Sénégal (Judge M'Baye), did not present themselves for re-election. A third incumbent judge, from India (Judge Pathak, who had been elected to the Court in a casual election held in April 1989), was nominated for re-election by a country other than his own, but chose to withdraw after the close of nominations and before the actual balloting. These three seats of the Court were filled by the election of candidates from Venezuela (Aguilar Mawdsley), Madagascar (Ranjeva), and Sri Lanka (Weeramantry).

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Thelwell, Richard C., and Ian W. Maynard. "Professional Cricketers' Perceptions of the Importance of Antecedents Influencing Repeatable Good Performance." Perceptual and Motor Skills 90, no. 2 (April 2000): 649–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2000.90.2.649.

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This study examined whether there is overall agreement amongst professional cricketers on the factors which are most important for the occurrence of repeatable good performances in the sport. Also, the consistency of the rank-order of such variables was investigated across individuals and roles within the same sport. A total of 198 cricketers (100 batters and 98 bowlers) who play or have played first class cricket in the English County Championship completed a rank-order task, which enabled them to use their experiences to judge the importance of 15 selected performance-influencing variables. Cultural consensus analysis indicated that no one factor for either batters or bowlers was significantly more important, despite many batters and bowlers ranking the need for ‘total self-confidence’ highest. Whilst no over-all agreement was found for batters and bowlers in their ranking of variables, a group of similar ‘core elements’, e.g., total self-confidence, following a set prematch routine, set performance plans, optima) arousal, and using mental rehearsal, were highly ranked by both groups, which may be an important consideration for practitioners endeavoring to produce strategies that encourage more consistent and higher performance for cricketers.

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Thayer, D. "Morris and others v Brandenberg: (No D-202-CV 2012-02909): State of New Mexico, County of Bernalillo, Second Judicial District Court: Nan G Nash, District Court Judge: 13 January 2013." Oxford Journal of Law and Religion 3, no. 2 (April 8, 2014): 360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ojlr/rwu015.

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48

Triana, Nita. "Progressivity of Judges in Domestic Violence Disputes Settlement in The Case of Divorce in The Religious Court." Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi dan Penelitian Hukum Islam 2, no. 1 (November 4, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jua.v2i1.3543.

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This study aims to describe and analyze the Judge Progressiveness in the case of a �divorce �related �to domestic violence. The principle of law governing civil judges is passive, in reality this principle creates difficulties for women (wives) victims of domestic violence to achieve justice. The research method used is �non-doctrinal tradition with a socio-legal approach, and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study illustrate. Religious Courts Judges as one of the law enforcers are very potential to seek justice for victims of domestic violence, the majority of whom are women, because many cases of domestic violence ended in divorce cases in the Religious Courts. But the consideration of the religious Court Judge in deciding the case of a divorce petition �is not yet progressive, the Judge still adheres to the principle of law, that the Civil Judge is passive. So that when the Plaintiff (Wife) does not demand income and compensation from her husband. The Plaintiff (Wife) as a victim of domestic violence will not get a living idah, mut'ah, maskan, kiswah and any compensation from the Defendant (Husband). Religious Court Judges have not yet explored other relevant legislation, including progressive religious texts that favor women as victims of domestic violence to strengthen the building of their arguments. Whereas in the case of divorce by talak, the Judge views the law in book in his legal considerations �by giving protection to the wife, namely by giving the wife the right to earn a living Idah, Mutah (a living for one year to entertain the wife divorced by her husband), maskan and kiswah, according with what is stipulated in the Marriage Law and the Compilation of Islamic Law. The paradigm of the operation of the Judge in a country with a pluralistic culture such as Indonesia, it's time to change to a more progressive direction, Judge is no longer limited to the existence of a mouth that sounds the sentence of the law ( le judge est uniquenment la bouche qui pronance le most de lois) Judge also not tools designed to be logical and work mechanically, but whole people who have sensitivity to humanitarian and social concerns. Progressive judges learn and are good at making interpretations that are not literal (connotative), and have a high sense of empathy to be able to catch social norms that contextually support each prescription of the Act. The holistic understanding of the judges has the potential to provide justice for women victims of domestic violence.

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Pranoto Putra, Eldo, and Muhamad Iqbal. "IMPLEMENTASI KONSEP KEADILAN DENGAN SISTEM NEGATIF WETTELIJK DAN ASAS KEBEBASAN HAKIM DALAM MEMUTUS SUATU PERKARA PIDANA DITINJAU DARI PASAL 1 UNDANG-UNDANG NO 4 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG KEKUASAAN KEHAKIMAN (Analisa putusan No.1054/Pid.B/2018/PN.Jkt.Sel )." Rechtsregel : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 1 (August 26, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/rjih.v3i1.6619.

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An independent judicial power is one of the characteristics of a democratic state, no country can be called a democratic state without the practice of an independent judicial power. However, there are negative comments and views on judges regarding the extent to which judges can work objectively, and whether it is impossible that judges who are constructed as free and impartial human beings will not be "biased" in examining and deciding the cases they face, this study aims to know the extent to which a judge uses his freedom and confidence in deciding a criminal case

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Gizatullin, Irek Al'fredovich. "Procedure Independence of Judges:the Nature and Problems of Security." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 6, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18477.

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The independence of judges as a guarantee of the exercise of justice is an axiological imperative, the need to ensure which is recognized by any state that has accepted the theory of separation of powers. The issues of establishing an independent court have always been and continue to be decisive in the conduct of judicial reforms in the country aimed at building a strong, independent and accessible judiciary.The paper draws attention to the special significance of procedural (criminal procedure) guarantees in the system of legislative measures to ensure the independence of judges, since they determine the freedom of a judge in choosing a legal position when performing his main and only function - resolving a criminal case. The independence of the judge as a participant in the process requires that the criminal procedure law provide for those procedures that allow the judge to decide without any dependence on the wishes of the litigants and in the absence of any outside inf luence. At the same time, the modern conditions of the implementation of the judiciary testify to the frequent limitation of procedural independence by circumstances that are not related to the procedure of the case. On the basis of empirical data, it is shown that non-procedural factors related to the corporate inf luence of the judicial community and the mental attachment of judges to one or another corporate tradition have a significant impact on the procedural independence of judges.

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Journal articles on the topic 'County judge'

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