Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Coup d'état'
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N'Gbesso, N'dory Claude Vincent. "Recherche sur la notion de coup d’État en droit public. : Le cas de l'Afrique francophone." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0308.
Full textSince independence, African political regimes have remained very volatile, because of militarization of these political regimes, and also illegal and illegitimate accession to political power. But the democratic transitions of 1990 introduced a new constitutionalism with democracy and rule of law. However, the coup d'etat persists in being a privileged way of accession to political power. This situation should interest searchers. We might ask how public law pprehends the concept of a coup d'état
Toro, Stephanie. "Post-Cold War Coup d'état : Identifying Conditions using Systematic Operationalized Comparison." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12613.
Full textThis study combines qualitative and quantitative procedures in order to make possible a Most Different Systems Design (MDSD) analysis which systematically compares two countries in order to identify factors which play a role in coup d’état occurrences after the Cold War. By developing a systems framework that lays the ground for subsequent analysis, an encompassing view of the potential underlying conditions of the coup occurrence are taken into account. This systems framework is subsequently operationalized for a sample of 35 countries which all experienced coup d’état between 1990 and 2010. In order to use MDSD, the most different countries are identified using Boolean distances. Ethiopia and Honduras were found to be the most different and were compared and contrasted according to the systems framework. The study concludes that for coup occurrences in Honduras and Ethiopia, the lack of an external national threat, secularizing tendencies, and past coup occurrences played a major role. Democratizing tendencies after the coups in both countries were a vital signal that the influence of global democratic norms does create incentives for countries to hold elections after a coup. Interestingly, the political system of the country and demographic factors such as ethnicity, religion and language did not appear as important for the coup outcome in these countries.
Mkwentla, Nelson Koala. "The legal effect of a coup d'etat on traditional constitutional concepts." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003199.
Full textPoulain, Odile. "Bibliographie méthodique des articles et ouvrages parus en Tchécoslovaquie de 1948 à 1982 sur la révolution de février 1948." Paris, INALCO, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INAL0006.
Full textChueca, Cuartero Miguel. ""propagande et légitimation du coup d'état du 18 juillet 1936" (le mythe du complot communiste)." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100076.
Full textHillbertz, Rebecka. "Turkiets misslyckade coup d'état - En förklarande enfallsstudie av den strukturella bakgrunden till kuppförsöket i Turkiet 2016." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23810.
Full textThis study explains the structural factors to the military coup July 15th, 2016 in Turkey. The aim is to get an understanding and explanation to how the coup could take place and as theoretical framework is Aron Belkin and Evan Schofer’s meta-analysis of military coups, together with Tore Wig and Espen Geelmuyden Röd’s theory about political elections as a factor for military coups used. The study is an interpretative case study where parts of Belkin’s and Schofer’s theory have been applied on the case in order to present relevant factors in the military coup. The structural factors that has been used in this study’s analysis are external threats and participation in armed conflicts, the military’s national security doctrine, economic development and welfare, the civil society’s strength, the regimes legitimacy, previous military coups and political elections. The result shows that the factors that the theory presents as general factors to military coups also can explain the coup attempt in Turkey because there has been an increase in the use of violence, that the military have a strong ideological belief that affects their opinions and actions, that the inequality and corruption in the country have increased, that the civil society is debilitated, that previous elite groups sees the current government as illegitimate, that Turkey have had military coups in the past and also the change of election results in the 2015 elections. Even if all the factors, that the theory present, to some extent have been present in Turkey it can be concluded that the military’s national security doctrine and its loyalty to the Kemalist tradition give the best explanation to the coup attempt in July 2016.
Darrieux, Eric. "Résister en décembre 1851 en Ardèche : essai d’histoire sociale d’une insurrection." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/darrieux_e.
Full textIn December 1851, following a Coup d’État, French President Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte extended his mandate. This event, which took place in Paris, had repercussion on different rural parts of the province. The way people reacted to this Coup were described as being “Republican Risings” supporting the Republic and its constitution which had been flouted by the President in office. Resorting to the minute methodology used in Social History that concentrates on the actors of these insurrections within their community, in their daily life, this thesis therefore focuses on the resistants in the Ardèche region and on what motivated their actions
Kanchanasuwon, Wichai 1955. "An Empirical Study of the Causes of Military Coups and the Consequences of Military Rule in the Third World: 1960-1985." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332197/.
Full textCretton, Viviane. "Conflit et médiation à Fidji : "cérémonies du pardon" et enjeux du coup d'Etat de 2000." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0175.
Full textMy thesis analyses the making of history in Fiji while reflecting the stakes of the 2000 coup d'Etat. The connections between politics and ethnicity articulate various kind of relationships such as gender, status, kin or social classes, all selected in situ for providing heuristic relevancy at different levels : local, national and international. My analysis links particular observations and historical examinations to restitute the multiple political versions of fijian recognition. Deconstructing the idea of an homogeneous chiefly system to be emblematic of the pacific way enlightens the heterogeneity that defines the fijian chiefs in general. I suggest in the end that ethno-nationalism in Fiji has to be understood as a political distinction that is built up interdependancy between shared norms and values across the national and international levels
Kiddee, Wissarut. "Le coup d’État en Thaïlande : causes, conséquences et effets juridiques d’une pathologie politique." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10020.
Full textSince the abolition of absolute monarchy in 1932, the kingdom has experienced the various political situations: the ‘counter-revolution’ of the royalists, the dictatorial regime, the emergence of the new middle classes, the massacres of civilians, the political compromise, the uncertainty about the future of the kingdom and the crown… The failure of a transition to democracy is usually explained by the usual arguments: the political immaturity of Thai society, the ‘Western-style liberal democracy’ would not be appropriate for the country especially for ‘the ignorant masses’, the army is the only actor, who capable to promote democracy. However, this study presents an alternative explanation. It demonstrates that the political life of the kingdom is determined by three axes of power: traditional elites, including the monarchy, the army and the senior civil servant. It is this situation that explains the failure of the democratic process. And the coup is the traditional method to protect their status quo. As for the constitution, it is similar to a ‘dead letter’ or an ‘instrument of everyday politics’. It isn’t represented as supreme norm that expresses the country’s political ideology. On the contrary, it is used not only to legitimize a coup, but also to defend the political domination of the traditional elites. We can conclude that the Thai coups are triggered by the royal army with the support of the monarchy. Then, justified by the king and the judiciary, and assuring the impunity by the laws and the constitutions
Bossay, C. "Remembering traumatic pasts : memory and historiophoty in fiction and factual films from the 2000s that represent the Chilean Popular Unity, Coup d'état, and dictatorship (1970-1990)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669556.
Full textSantana, Wesley Espinosa. "O governo de Accacio no exílio de Heitor: as correspondências de Washington Luís e seus correligionários acerca do governo Vargas e dos direitos políticos e civis (1930-1947)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-19022010-170350/.
Full textGetulio Vargas\' government brought out peculiar characteristics to the function of the State. Nowadays, this period called Vargas Era (1930-1945) exerts enormous influence on the current Brazilian State. Our interest is to study how this Vargas State was structured under the Paulista oppositions eye and distant from the ex-president Washington Luis. This paper has as its aims: interpret the political relationships in history from ex-president Washington Luiss point of view; analyze the relationship between the Vargas State and the Perrepista opposition and the guarantee of human rights, especially, civil and political ones; understand if this ex-president, a paulista from Macaé, took part in organizing oppositional movements during his exile and discuss the collective memory of Washington Luis, based on documents and on the political actions of his coreligionists. Getulio Vargass political clashes, maneuvers and skills were responsible for most of the content presented on such letters, which were especially selected to be used on this paper. The analysis of the mail between Washington Luis and his coreligionists was carried out by comparing the historiography of the period and some newspapers written by the press from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, mainly, OESP and Folha da Manhã. The introduction explains how this paper was thought and organized, describing a brief timeline of the human rights in Brazil and theorizing the role of a historian while using mail as historical sources. The first chapter works on the biography of one of these characters and describes the last months in which Washington Luis held office, besides the articulations of the liberal alliance to mount the 1930 coup détat. The Second chapter deals with the situation of the exiled, approaching this theme and portraying ex-president Washington Luis as an involuntary exiled, besides the intervention and the widespread occurrences of the Paulista Movement of 1932. The third chapter analyzes the formation of the Constituent Assembly, the political relationships between the chamber of deputies and the coreligionist Roberto Moreira, in addition to the conflicts between the National Liberty Alliance and the Integralists. As the political coercion became more intense due to the unsuccessful coup planned by communists such as Luis Carlos Prestes, the country started to go through an even harder period for human rights, above all, to civil and political ones. With the promulgation of the new constitution in 1937, the New State was established and strict censorship would become, at that time, official and institutionalized as the State policy. Actually, the end of oppositions and the imminence of the World War indicated that Brazil would have to take a side. The ex- president Washington Luis waited for the end of the World War in 1945 to return to Brazil, but that would only take place in 1947.The fourth chapter studies the absent memory of Washington Luis to make sure we could analyze his history as an exiled and his political legacy as well. He had been away from his country for seventeen years, living fairly well, though expatriated and impelled to use his citizen rights. While analyzing documents with the previously set aims, its noticeable that Washington Luiss role as opposition was as a mere news receiver, making projections and conjectures only based on the content of his mail. These documents fulfilled the need to identify, from another point view, characteristics of the backstage of political relationships in the federal capital and the Paulista opposition, mainly concerning the disrespect for human rights and the lacerating enticement for populism.
Chevallier, Corinne. "Itinéraire d'une communauté en exil : les réfugiés politiques turcs de gauche en France aprés le coup d'Etat militaire de septembre 1980 en Turquie." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0136.
Full textAfter the September 12, 1980 military coup d'Etat in Turkey, thousands of young "Ieftist activists" fled the country to escape the military repression. Most of the exiles who chose to go to France because the procedures for obtaining the refugee status were easier. Turkish refugees thought that exile period was temporary, they continued their struggle to the point to distancing themselves from militancy. In other words, either they were "to unpack their suitcases" and settle down. At the beginning of the 1990's, the Turkish government opened the way for some Turkish refugees to go back to the country. Although the idea of "returning home" appears as an obsession for most of the political refugees, only a minority of them returned home: why they returned and how they adapted to their home country? The majority stayed in France. Why did they stay in France after dreaming so much about going back? There were as many reasons to stay in France the ones who stayed were the ones who projected their lives in their children's lives. The question was to know if they are integrated or not in France? Do they experience identity problems? And what is their relationship with Turkey? The research deals with the journey of turkish political refugees from their departure from Turkey to the evential return
Mock, Mélody. "Le coup d'Etat moderne, formation ajuridique d'un nouvel ordre juridique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020090.
Full textHow can the violent overthrow of a government generate a stable legal order? Often overlooked by the legal community, a modern coup is not just a process of accession to power; it is also one of the ways of engaging the original constituent power, of constitutional rupture and of reconstruction. This concept is located at the intersection of political science, of the philosophy of law and of history. The modern coup, which permits the establishment of a new constitution, is the sudden, illegal replacement of a government by a small group of the existing state establishment by the use of force. Based on various historical events, such as the coups d’état of Bonaparte, Lenin, Pinochet, etc., we define this concept and distinguish it from a revolution. We establish a classification of different types of coups, according to their protagonists and their impact on the constitutional system: revolutionary coups, classical coups, modern coups, putsches, and pronunciamienti. We also define the techniques of preparation, implementation and preservation of the coup which affect both the political and legal spheres
Valcic, Alexandra. "La Yougoslavie entre la France et l'Allemagne de 1935 à 1941, relations politiques et économiques." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA083167.
Full textIn the trilateral relations between Yugoslavia, France and Germany from 1935 to 1941, the relevant question is to know how the agreement or the unadequacy of the political and economical stakes of the three lands concerned generates hesitations in the yugoslavian foreign policy and a progressiv turn off from Yugoslavia toward its great ally to the advantage of the Third Reich. The first part, from the assassination of Alexander untill the Anschluss, is the attempt to make a picture of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (political life, social and economic structures). The second part, from the Anschluss to september 1939, brings to the fore the mediocre way the yugoslavian authorities faced the major issues of the country (settlement in the german economical sphere, disinterest for France, national tensions). Eventually, the third part (untill Yugoslavia entered in war) analyses the external loss of soverainty and the internal implosion. This study describes in short the failure of an idea of the XIXth century : the yougoslavism
Raattamaa, Sebastian. "Institutional Misalignment : Clientelism and Political (in)Stability in Democracies." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-402313.
Full textChauzal, Grégory. "Les règles de l’exception : la régulation (du) politique au Mali et au Niger." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40013/document.
Full textWhereas oversized coalitions successfully stabilized the Malian political path, the recurrentmilitary Coups in Niger (1996, 1999 and 2010) focused more on the politico-praetorianwonderings and their consequences for the transitional process. Then, the political and militarymodes of administration in Mali and Niger question: (i) the role of history, strategic resources andpolitical strategies in defining the institutional means of regulation; (ii) the general contextsshaping the “logics and mythologies” of interaction and defining the well-suited models ofpolitical control. This work will more specifically aim at understanding the strategic“decompartmentalization” which, first, orders the mobilization of objectivised and valorisedresources, then allows oversized groupings (post-transitional coalitions in Mali, “transectorial” orpolitico-military collusions in Niger) and finally reassure the political trajectories of those Stateswithin uncertain conjunctures
Mur, Domínguez Elena. "Golpe de Estado y proceso de reconciliación en Honduras (2009-2012): las Comisiones de la Verdad." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/350569.
Full textThis dissertation analyzes the role played by the two Truth Commissions in the process of reconciliation initiated in Honduras after the coup d’État against the constitutional president, Jose Manuel Zelaya Rosales, on June 28th 2009. For this purpose, a review of the most significant events that occurred before and during the coup and the subsequent reconciliation process is carried out, comparing the versions offered on the reports emanating from the two Commissions and complementing those aspects not addressed on them with other sources. These versions are, at the same time, contrasted and complemented with information obtained in the interviews conducted by the author of the thesis to key stakeholders and other testimonies related to the coup and the reconciliation process. Also, the suitability of these Truth Commissions and their reports to international standards is analyzed in this dissertation.
Diagouraga, Modibo. "Le combat politique de modibo keita." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010674.
Full textPanahirad, Ashkan. "Operation Ajax : Studie om USA:s och Storbritanniens involvering i statskuppen, Iran 1953." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1906.
Full textUniversity of Växjö, School of Social Sciences
Course: PO 5363, Political Science, G3
Title: the Role of the USA’s and Great Britain in the Coup d'Etat, Iran 1953
Author: Ashkan Panahirad
Supervisor: Lennart Bergfeldt
The purpose of this study is to examine Great Britain’s and US’ motives and action alternatives in regards to the Coup d'état against the iranian regime under Mossadegh in 1953.
The method used is motive analysis (investigates the actors motives). The theories used are Rational actors model and Governmental politics. Rational actor model allows states to choose among a set of alternatives displayed in a particular situation in order to achieve their goals. Governmental politics explains what happens in states as a result of bargaining games between important actors in the government.
Analysis from the rational actor model shows that the motives behind the Coup d'état were oil, economical reasons, Iran and communism. Coup d'état was the most rational action for them to achieve their goals. Governmental politics reveal the shifting of policies from one administration to another. While Clement Attlee’s government and Harry Truman’s administration where more moderate, Winston Churchill’s and Eisenhower’s where more eager to replace Mossadegh, which finally lead to a Coup d'état
Chauzal, Grégory. "Les règles de l'exception : la régulation (du) politique au Mali et au Niger." Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604128.
Full textChavanette, Loris. "Repenser le pouvoir après la Terreur : justice, répression et réparation dans la France thermidorienne (1794-1797)." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0024.
Full textThe work here is a problematisation of the history of the revolution of Thermidor and more specifically its political justice. The research on the promises and realisations of thermodorien justice, and particularily the political repression, will drive us from the coup d'etat against Robespierre, the 9 thermidor year 2 (27th July 1794) to the military coup d'etat of 18 fructidor year 4 (4th september 1797). These three years are quite an "homogeneus" ensemble. The reason of this choice of laps of time is that the functioning of justice was reforged and rethought by the Thermidorians but was shattered by the coup d'etat of the 18th fructidor. The work here will be to seize the main lines of the thermidorian period through profound comprehension of the judicial and military procedures that structured the political repression. The reinforcement of the rights of the defense after thermidor shows a certain liberalization of the Republic. Thanks to the study of a series of importants trials, the conclusion is that the thermidorian regim had a certain respect for the rights of defense. The trials against the “terrorists” Carrier or Fouquier-Tinville in front of the revolutionary Tribunal in year III were the occasion for the regime to prove his respect for the defense. In the same way, the repression of the insurgents of prairial, the rebels of vendemiaire and the royal agency of Paris, by a military justice, reveals, more or less as the case, a procedural and moderate mind, surprising for such an extraordinary repression. Those points help us to understand how the government of year III succeeded in finishing the Terror. But the emergence of new rights destabilizes the government. This paradox complicates the ending of the revolution. The dilemma of the Thermidorians will be to give a stable government whilst staying faithful to the principles of the revolution of 1789 and keeping this balance is a tender subject. Through the study of different forms of political repression under the thermidorian republic, will be analysed the difficulties for the leaders to put an end to the revolution by establishing a constitutionnal state
Rakotomalala, Mbinina Matthieu. "La sociologie du parlement malgache depuis l'indépendance jusqu'à la troisième république : (1960-2009)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100181.
Full textSince independence in 1960, Madagascar has organized several elections and therefore has an ongoing legislative power despite the socio-political crises the country faced . Despite this, the Parliament remains unclear citizens and the academic literature. The six legislatures from 1960 to 2007, including the testimony of elected representatives and the quantitative survey results to the Antananarivo people, are the basis of this research. One purpose is to understand the institution through its uses and will be to a sociography of its members and a sociology of practices. We will approach the Malagasy Parliament like any other country including the old parliamentary democracies even if it was originally "imported" during the colonial period. We adopt the classical perspectives of the sociology of political representation from Weber to Bourdieu particularly on relations with voters, political professionalization (beginning in politics, first elected office, non-parliamentary destiny, etc.), the stability of political personnel (dual mandate, reelection, etc.) and according to the views of sociological analysis of politics for which Parliament is as much a place of social practices that "legal corpus"
Magasich-Airola, Jorge. "Ceux qui ont dit "Non": histoire du mouvement des marins chiliens opposés au coup d'Etat de 1973." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210614.
Full textNotre objectif est de retracer l’histoire du mouvement des marins légitimistes et notre hypothèse de travail est que le coup d’État de 1973 n’est pas l’œuvre de l’armée mais d’une fraction de celle-ci.
Nous avons consulté quatre catégories de sources :
1) La presse :6 quotidiens et 2 hebdomadaires opposés au gouvernement d’Allende; 4 quotidiens, 2 hebdomadaires et un bimensuel proches du gouvernement ou de gauche.
2) Les essais, documents politiques, témoignages et mémoires, particulièrement les mémoires des quatre amiraux organisateurs du coup d’État.
3) Les procès entamés contre les marins dès la fin du gouvernement d’Allende, dont les 6.000 pages du célèbre procès 3926 contre les marins de la flotte.
4) Nous avons interviewé 30 marins, ce qui correspond à environ un tiers des marins condamnés par les tribunaux navals sous la dictature. En outre, nous avons interviewé, des militants, des avocats, un procureur, un général de l’aviation opposé au coup d’État, un officier de la Marine opposé au coup d’État et un officier de la Marine favorable au coup d’État. Au total 52 interviews qui totalisent un bon millier de pages.
L’introduction présente le sujet et explique sa pertinence :les réunions entre les marins et les dirigeants politiques restent un événement souvent cité dans l’historiographie qui justifie le coup d’État.
Le ch. I est un travail de compilation sur l’histoire des révoltes de marins au XXe siècle, pour identifier les éléments communs entre elles.
Le ch. II tente de situer la Marine chilienne dans son contexte historique et social, rappelant les conflits qui ont secoué la force navale et sa réorganisation lors du début de la Guerre froide et décrivant le contenu de l’enseignement donné à l’École navale des officiers.
Le ch. III décrit la vie sociale dans la Marine de 1970 –l’année de l’élection présidentielle– surtout les relations difficiles entre la troupe et les officiers. Celles-ci se manifestent à travers des réactions contradictoires au résultat de l’élection. Pendant les premiers mois du gouvernement d’Allende, un nombre croissant d’officiers manifeste son opposition, alors que des « hommes de mer » (la troupe) s’organisent pour le défendre.
Les ch. IV et V couvrent la période qui va de 1971 jusqu’à la première tentative de coup d’État le 29 juin 1973 (el Tanquetazo). Elle est marquée d’une part par l’adhésion de la plupart des officiers aux thèses putschistes, et d’autre part, par un notable développement des groupes de marins antiputschistes. Nous décrivons les relations structurelles entre les officiers et civils conjurés et l’établissement des relations entre des groupes de marins et certains partis politiques de gauche. Ce travail décrit la réunion secrète où plusieurs groupes de marins, tentent d’établir une coordination et discutent s’il faut agir avant que le coup d’État ne soit déclenché ou seulement en réaction à celui-ci.
Le chapitre VI couvre les cinq « semaines décisives » qui s’écoulent entre la tentative de putsch du 29 juin et l’arrestation des marins de la flotte, le 5 août 1973. Dans la Marine, la préparation du coup d’État arrive à sa phase finale, avec un affairement perceptible. Beaucoup de marins craignent d’être forcés à y participer. Dans ce contexte, le groupe de marins de la flotte formule une ébauche de plan d’occupation des navires et organise des réunions avec des dirigeants de gauche pour tenter une action qui ferait avorter le coup d’État imminent. Nous avons pu retracer ce plan ainsi que les célèbres réunions avec les dirigeants du PS, du MAPU et du MIR, grâce à plusieurs témoignages de marins et de « civils » présents dans ces réunions.
Le chapitre VII décrit la période entre l’arrestation des marins et les semaines qui suivent le coup d’État, décrivant les premières tortures, la difficile situation du gouvernement d’Allende, qui attaque en justice les marins « infiltrés », et le débat politique et juridique suscité par les arrestations et tortures, un des derniers débats démocratiques.
Le chapitre VIII expose la poursuite des procès sous la dictature. Parmi les avocats pro deo qui se contentent d’une timide défense pour la forme, nous avons trouvé une défense exceptionnelle des marins sur le plan politique :« le devoir de tout militaire est de défendre le gouvernement légitime », affirme l’avocate Lidia Hogtert, une dame de 75 ans, qui, en 1975, ose défier la justice militaire. En 1988, à la fin de la dictature, lorsque l’ancien secrétaire du MAPU Oscar Garretón se présente devant la justice navale, le cas connaît un nouveau retentissement :après plusieurs condamnations par des tribunaux militaires, Garreton obtient une victoire complète à la Cour Suprême. Il est acquitté de toute accusation pour « sédition et mutinerie ».
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Matondo, Jean-Clair. "Sociologie des coups d’état en République du Congo de 1958 à 1973." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100001.
Full textIn Republic of Congo, the army, as a whole of structures and average soldiers institutionally assigned to the implementation of the policy decided by the political authorities to ensure and guarantee national defense, is far from being the exclusive author of the coups d'etat, even if, systematically, it benefits from the political consequences attached to those. Actually, the coups d'etat are there the resultant of a fight between several fields. In this fight, the actors of the coups d'etat, according to their respective ideological corpora, set up strategies whose characteristic is not to limit themselves to the bureaucratic field but to also engage the company apprehended taking into consideration their ethnic or regional group of membership. Thus, they mobilize, not only their own capital (diplomas, profession), but also resources of their ethnic or regional groups in order to carry out the conquest or the conservation of the power. By the complex play of ideological solidarity, ethnic or corporatists, the political actors weave alliances and, according to the case, take part or are opposed to the execution of the coups d'etat. Under this report, the coups d'etat, which suppose an important strategic mobilization, political and material on behalf of those which form the project of it, merge with a mode of conquest of the power comparable formally to the election, and fit in what Marcel Mauss names the total social facts. The political leaders belonging to the minority ethnic groups, not being able to reach the power by democratic way, work out a strategy of conquest of fascinating power support on the army. Thus, diverted its traditional mission of protection of the national territory vis-a-vis the external aggressions, the army sees its decreased operational value
Scott, David. "Tjänar amerikansk media utrikespolitiska maktintressen? : En granskning av två amerikanska tidningars rapportering av statskuppen i Honduras sommaren 2009." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-5815.
Full textAbstract
Essay in Political Science, D-level, spring 2010. “Do the American mass media serve foreign policy interests? – A scrutiny of two American newspapers’ coverage of the coup d’état in Honduras in the summer of 2009”, Author: David Scott. Tutor: Anders Broman
The bias of the American mass media has been widely discussed among scholars. Not only has this phenomenon caught the attention of political scientists, but also academics from other scientific fields. Two of the most known researchers of the American media are the linguist Noam Chomsky and the professor of Finance Edward Herman. They apply, on the American media, a so called “propaganda model” which claims that the media will serve the interests of the domestic power elites. One of the interests that the media try to satisfy is the foreign policy goals of the American state, which is to vilify enemy states and idealize client states. This thesis is applied on the American media coverage of the coup d’état that resulted in the ousting of leftist President Manuel Zelaya from the presidency in Honduras in 2009. In this case the model predicts that Zelaya will be vilified as an enemy and that the cause of the coup will be portrayed as legitimate. The essay studies, in the newspapers New York Times and Wall Street Journal, the portraiture of three aspects of the coup: the cause of the coup, the role of the military and the victims of violence and, finally, Zelaya as a president and the support to versus the resistance against his presidency. Through a textual analysis of the material, the essay concludes that there is a bias and that this means that the propaganda model can be verified. The bias consists of that the papers tend to legitimize the clients (the perpetrators of the coup) by portraying Zelaya as violator of the Honduran constitution and as a radical leftist aligned with Venezuela’s president Hugo Chávez. The legitimization goes further through the toning down of the military’s role in the use of violence against demonstrators. Although this is the bias, it must be stressed that it is subtle and has been detected through an extensive interpretation of the material.
Daghrir, Wassim. "La politique des Etats-Unis au Chili et en Amérique latine et son traitement par la grande presse (1969-1992)." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082274.
Full textIt is often argued that the primary political function of the press is to act as a "watchdog" warning against abuses of power by the ruling elite. In contrast, the other perspective is one that views the press as a "lapdog", a close companion of established power, especially in the foreign policy area where significant economic interests come into consideration. The purpose of this thesis is to try to test, through the study of the mainstream press' reporting on the US interventions in Latin America, whether the "fourth estate" functions primarily as an instrument providing constraints on the power elite, or whether it serves to promote the interests of the powerful. Our analysis focuses on the US interferences, from Richard Nixon to George Bush Senior, in El Salvador (1979-1992), Nicaragua (1979-1990), Grenada (October 1983), Panama (December 1989), and particularly Chile (1970-1973)
Amon, Hermann Kouamé. "Les coups d'État dans l'Empire romain de 235 à 284." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040077.
Full textDuring the third century, the Roman Empire is faced with military attacks from its neighbors at its eastern and western borders. These simultaneous attacks generate instability for the imperial power, characterized by the increase of political coups. The objective of this study was to analyze this political phenomenon from 235 to 284. Critical analysis questions were: What is a coup in the political context of the Roman Empire? What is the process of a coup during the relevant period and what are its consequences for the Empire? We have shown through a theoretical analysis that the phenomenon of coups is not specific to the third century of the Empire, but it is consubstantial to the roman imperial regime. After this, we have analyzed each coup and highlighted the increase of their occurrence with the intensification of attacks by Rome’s enemies. For each coup analyzed, the context of its proclamation, its development and the political analysis was given. We have presented the consequences of this political phenomenon on both political and military structure and also on the economic and administrative life of the Empire
Chirio, Maud. "La politique des militaires : mobilisations et révoltes d'officiers sous la dictature brésilienne (1961-1978)." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010654.
Full textBrice-Delajoux, Claire. "Le conseil d'État et les sources supranationales du droit." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010302.
Full textNotwithstanding that since 1946 international law is, according to the constitution, a source of domestic law prevailing to some extent over statues, the concil of state has shown some reluctance to implement this principle. Given the immutability of the legal status of this source of law within the domestic law the question arose concerning the reasons why, since the end of the years 80, the concil of state started to reverse its case law in order to incorporate the greater part of international sources in the domestic law. The confrontation between the legal grounds of the former solutions and of the present ones - which replace often the previous solutions - allows to appreciate the range of this revolution and to anderstand it ; concerning this last point, it appears that it is essentially based upon extra legal considerations due to the peculiar institutional situation of the concil of state at the national level and to its relationship with european courts
Gondje-Djanayang, Godfroy-Luther. "Les violations de la Constitution Centrafricaine depuis 1958 valent-elles coups d'État ?" Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU10039.
Full textA government that violates the Constitution, destroys by this act the sovereign people and as Montesquieu said: "There are bad examples that are worse than crimes: and more states have perished because violation of morality more than the violation of Law”. The respect of constitutional norms presents very considerable stakes within the city. This is why major public debates continue to give an important consideration to this subject. The Central African Republic, formerly a French colony, located in the center of Africa, has consistently reinforced these constitutional values since 1958. Ravaged by military, political and institutional crises along with some African states till that the devolution of political power in this country became exercised by the demonstration of weapons. As a general rule, coups d'etat seem to triumph over the expression of the general will. Participatory democracy is an element that allows the people to participate in decision-making. In fact, this is only a real fiction and one of the reasons why the constitutional trajectory of Central African Republic is constantly moving towards a very delicate dysfunction. Perhaps, the democratization that has blown in Africa in the 1990s allowed African institutions to access political pluralism. It is clear that the Central African Republic has continuously been prolonged since 1958 in violations of constitutional norms. Constitutional inexperience, coups d’etat and seizure of public power, bad governance, the absence of the rule of law tied with the existence of totalitarian regimes, considered as the evils that keep on desacralizing the system of the institutional functioning of this country. Even though democracy seems to be the ideal model of governance all the time, constitutional mimicry and the consequences of colonization have also impacted on the system of African democracy. In order to guarantee stability to republican institutions and to provide it with legal certainty, standards must govern and the weapons must enter the magazines
Vézina, Julie. "De communiste redouté à démocrate respecté : les représentations du gouvernement de Salvador Allende au Congrès, 1970-1976." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26187.
Full textRuwitah, Mduduzi Aviton. "Does international law proscribe coups d'état? Africa's role in the development of the proscription." Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32958.
Full textKlaas, Brian Paul. "Bullets over ballots : how electoral exclusion increases the risk of coups d'état and civil wars." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2492d39d-522f-494e-9549-28b3f6fc7db3.
Full textCollin-Demumieux, Mathilde. "Le conseil d'état et les juridictions européennes : étude de science administrative." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020012.
Full textThis study, centred on administrative science, analyses the struggle for leadership between the conseil d'etat of france in one hand and the european courts, i. E the court of justice of european communities and the european court of huma n rights, in the other hand. Historically, it shows that both of the communitary and european courts owe a lot to two french lawyers, M. Lagrange who imported techniques from the conseil d'etat to the c. J. E. C. , and R. Cassin, who was the main author of the provisions of the european convention of human rights concerning the european court. In a dynamic point of view, this study, through a closed survey of case law, describes the evolution that led to the reversal of the relations between the french and the european courts. The french conseil d'etat, which enjoyed a model position when the european courts were created, saw its influence go down as the authority of the c. J. E. C. And the european court of human rights increased. Its fight for restoring its authority took a mainly procedural and technical appearance - disagreement about the operating conditions of pre-judicial action and primacy of communitary law - but the spread of communitary law finally made it surrender. Nevertheless, the conseil d'etat of france is not bound to decline : the achievement of communitary integration gives it the opportunity to perform a new role on the european scene as a consultative authority
Hashim, Isam. "Etat et société irakiens : les coups d'états militaires dans l'ère républicaine. 1958-1987." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100022.
Full textThe study begins by covering the Iraqi history before and after the Islamic conquest. It discusses the foundation of the modern Iraqi state and the circumstances that surrounded it as well in 1921. The thesis also studies the Iraqi population in its ethnical and religious diversity. The army, its origin, its social and religious composition finds its place in the study. The military coups d’états in the monarchy period, 1921-1958, are also covered. The study focuses on the first military coup d’état of 1958 that installed the republican regime. The analysis is centered on the causes, the political caracters and the consequences of the nouveau regime. The military coups d’états that followed, are also discussed in great details. Finally, the war irak-iran is studied in its regional and international dimension and implication
Jewad, Kaïs. "Les cinq coups d'État militaires au sein de l'Empire Ottoman (1908-1913) : étude sur les sources arabes." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040009.
Full textAhipeaud, Alexis. "Evolution des coups d'etat militaires en Afrique de 1952 à nos jours : essai de présentation et d'analyse générale des stratégies de prise de pouvoir par les militaires en Afrique." Montpellier 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON30047.
Full textSince 1952, the african continent is experriencung numerous military coups. In their coming into power, soldiers use diverse strategies. But in any case, this taking of power is done either by the army as an insttutions at as a part of it. The reasons for different putsch in africa are multiple but specifically there are economic and political
Jombo, Augustin B. (Augustin Bolsover). "Nigerian Politics: A Case Study of Military Coups." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500341/.
Full textBoussard, Sabine. "L'étendue du contrôle de cassation devant le Conseil d'État : un contrôle tributaire de l'excès de pouvoir." Paris 2, 2000. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247092772.
Full textDidon, Salaura. "Journalistes caribéens, démocratie et liberté de la presse : Une analyse socio-politique à la Guadeloupe et à Trinidad-et-Tobago entre 1989 et 2009." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGUY0715/document.
Full textThe present research deals with the involvement of Caribbean journalists in the emergence of democracy through media coverage of the major socio-political events between 1989 and 2009. It is the attempted coup d’etat in Trinidad and Tobago in July 1990 and the social movement in Guadeloupe in 2009.This study starts by defining concepts such as journalists, democracy and freedom of the press. This thesis aims at examining the term “democracy” and journalists' ethics. There are democratic principles in the code of ethics written by journalists themselves. This leads me to think that journalists are indeed major actors in the democratic process. Indeed, they are the guarantors of democracy because they have a social responsibility towards citizens.This research aims at analyzing the major socio-political events in both territories between 1989 and 2009. Through these events, I would like to show the way journalists contribute to the democratic process. That is why I analyzed the articles of the newspapers and interviews with journalists were conducted, in order to know in detail the way they work and their concept of freedom of the press
Rollin, Romain. "Le droit international non écrit devant le juge français : contribution à l'étude comparée des jurisprudences du Conseil d'état et de la Cour de Cassation." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX3A003.
Full textThe application of unwritten international law is one of the most difficult question in french law. Integrate in domestic order by the alinéa 14 of the Préambule of the 1946 Constitution, these rules does not look like any others. They are provided with a sui generis system. Their insertion and their application in national domestic order as well as their legal value in the hierarchie of sources were consacrated by the judge in special case of law. While private judge enforce all the rules since the french Revolution, public judge mentions in a prudent and progressive way from 20 century, general principles of international law and international custom. Divergent for a long time, case of public law and case of private law are more and more similar. Even if a distinction, more and more precise between rules of international protection of human right and rules concerning law of peace, exists
Blua, Nathalie. "Le contrôle de conventionnalité : l'évolution jurisprudentielle." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0003.
Full textFor a long time, the Council of State has incarnated the symbol of resistance as well as the principal opponent of European construction. However, it decided to adopt a different theory, known as the theory of rallying, which led to a kind benevolent reading of the relations between the administrative judge and the European judge. The break between the two periods was consumed the day of the reading of the Nicolo decree of October 20, 1989 as the Council of State affirmed for the first time the superiority of the International Conventions regularly built-in in the national law on all the posterior laws. The stake of the control of conventionnality is situated at the legal and political level as the administrative judge is offered new challenges which fully propels him in the legal order instituted by the European Convention of the humans right and in the Community legal order. This is a real paradox even though some clashes still exist, in particular as far as the diminution of national sovereignty is concerned
Vaezi, Seyed-Mojtaba. "Les normes constitutionnelles et la compétence du juge administratif : étude comparée sur le Conseil d'état en France et la Cour de justice administrative en Iran." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32017.
Full textDerrien, Arnaud. "Les juges français de la constitutionnalité, étude sur la construction d'un système contentieux : Conseil constitutionnel, Conseil d'État, Cour de cassation, trois juges pour une norme." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40056.
Full textAbdou, Hassan Adam. "Les droits de l'homme dans les relations entre l'Union européenne et les États de l'Afrique subsaharienne." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR061.
Full textThe European Union’s external action as far as human rights are concerned is specially geared toward sub-Saharan Africa, which benefits of a particular position. The purpose here is to analyze human rights in relations between the European Union and the sub-Saharan African states in terms of a search of a constant equilibrium. It is actually a matter of determining whether human rights are a factor of progress in these relations from an internationalist point of view. Through a critical and pragmatic approach, the research allowed to deliver an instrumental definition of human rights and examine the different forms of legal work in these relations. First the thesis will highlight the specificity of the integration of human rights, the creative process of human rights that is dominated by the institutions of the European Union and the instruments of promotion and protection of these laws, which are inspired by the law of the Union. The legal process of production and the product of human rights in these relations raise the question of the consistency of the various policies of the European Union in matters of development cooperation. Second, the research looks at the degree of realization of the rules of law in effects through a threshold of effectiveness and ineffectiveness. This assessment will raise the question of the incidences and the causes of effectiveness and ineffectiveness of human rights in the relations between the European Union and the sub-Saharan African states. It appears a moderate practice from the guarnanteeing mechanism of these laws, albeit through an application that varies from country to country of this legal system and of the permanence of extra legal issues. Third-party interventions in these international organizations relations (UN, AU) or of States (China) try to complete or reconsider the conditionality of the development cooperation for human rights
Shamsuddin, Mohammed. "La scène politique du Bangladesh 1975-1990 : étude sur les régimes militaires." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100057.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to examine the military intervention in Bangladesh politics from 1975 to 1990. Bangladesh started her political career with parliamentary regime immediate after its inception in 1971. August 1975, the military captured power by overthrowing Mujib government (1971-75). How did the army come to power, what were the reactions of the people to military rule, and in what manner the army tried to govern the country have been analyzed in our study. The first military ruler of the country, General Riaur Rahman (1975-1981), succeeded in civilianizing his military regime making himself a civilian politician. But he was killed by a small group of army officers in May 1981. The country was ruled by a civilian government for a short period of time. On March 1982, the army came to power again by staging a coup d’état. The new regime, led by general Ershad (1982-90), failed to legitimize its right of governing before the public opinion. Ultimately, the army had to give up political power facing a popular uprising in December 1990. It was proved that no authoritarian regime could stand against the popular will. The fall of military power ushered a new era of democracy in Bangladesh
Ondoua, Antoine. "Sociologie du corps militaire en Afrique noire : le cas du Cameroun." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1G014/document.
Full textIt is a common perception that the army in Africa and more particularly in black Africa, is associated with putsch, riots, rebellions and violence. Yet, specificities can be pointed out, especially in the two following points: political stability and promotion to the highest office. In that way, in francophone africa, Cameroon and Senegal since their independence, have managed to preserve themselves from any violent upheaval. In Cameroon, beyond a certain internization of the rofessional sense ( army submitted to political power), we can state that the political stability is due to the fact that it has blended into a neo-patrimonial system up to the point of becoming itself a neo-patrimonialised institution. Nonetheless, in spite of defending partisan interests (the "Prince", the ruling class and his family) the army turns out to be a symbol of the process of rationalization and democratization of the state (bureaucratic principles, law enforcement, peacekeeping, socio-cultural mixing etc.). The question is now to figure out if the position of the cameroonian army is determined either by the symbol or by the system. In other words, is the Cameroonian army loyal because of its being neo-patrimonialised or because the neo-patrimonial system relies on such loyalty?
Auvray, Mathilde. "Le dialogue entre Conseil d'Etat et cours européennes : l'exemple significatif du principe d'égalité." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10035.
Full textAs a result of a normative interaction, the dialog between the french Conseil d'Etat and the European courts is a way to evidence their divergences as well as a way to induce them to converge. While oppositions between different acceptations of a principle of equality - which is as fundamental as it is polemical - constitute the heart of this discussion, the communication between various interlocutors enable the emergence of a pluralist space. Threatened by the hegemonic risk, interaction should always try to prevent the power of authority overriding the recognition of a necessary otherness. Claimed by the national judge, it leans towards the respected freedom which is granted by the European courts. On this basis the dialog leads to a profitable and well argumented cooperation between judges. The material evolution of the equality principle is the signature of its fulfillment. It underlines the conceptual mutation of the law where the interaction between judges incites the juridical orders to come closer
Pinat, Cathie-Sophie. "Le discours de l'avocat devant la Cour de cassation : Étude de théorie du droit." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD017/document.
Full textIn France, legal realism is currently represented by Michel Troper who is supporting the fact that the law resides in its interpretations by the Supreme Court. Supreme Court interpret legal text with complete freedom because those text do not contain any significations that necessarily need to be apply. This freedom regarding legal text does not exclude the existence of specific legal constraints which determine the supreme Court decisions. Even tough the lawyer’s discourse addressed to supreme jurisdictions does not look like any other legal discourses, it has never been apprehended as a source of constraint limiting sovereign courts freedom. This is what about I will discuss on my thesis