Dissertations / Theses on the topic '@Couplage ferromagnétique'
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Le, Graët Chantal. "Nano-structures ferromagnétique - anti-ferromagnétique pour applications en hyperfréquences." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES2033.
Full textThe aim of the research developed during the thesis has been particularly focused on new materials for applications in high-band RF. To meet such requirements, it should be developed materials with hight permittivity and hight permeability (in the high microwave frequencies between 1 and 20 gigahertz). This last property requires to develop materials to well-defined uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, high saturation magnetization and low coercivity, the first two properties are hardly compatible. The initial motivation of this work involves the development, optimisation and the study of spin dynamics at high frequency multilayer structures with nanometer-thick type ferromagnet / insulator with ferromagnetic NiFe and selected CoFeZr and insulators diamagnetic type Al203 and antiferromagnetic NiO. Coupling with the NiO layer can induce a unidirectional anisotropy. In addition, we focused on the effects of reduced dimensionality on the dynamic magnetic properties. To elaborate these materials, we conducted a systematic study of static magnetic and structural parameters based on the deposition conditions. This allowed us to select the appropriate growth conditions and to highlight the correlation between the structural and magnetic properties. The dynamic performance of these materials (CoFeZr) are interesting for RF applications requiring both permeability and higher resonance frequencies. Routine measurements conducted on the two structures based on Py and CoFeZr allowed us to identify the one hand, the key role of the interface for these materials with thicknesses involved, but also to evaluate the different terms anisotropy including a noteworthy behavior of the uniaxial anisotropy for systems with Py/A1203, the tilting of the anisotropy axis at critical thickness around 5 nm. Additionally treatment by RFM analysis and use of Meiklejohn and Beau model we can determine the misalignment between the axes of anisotropy in exchange coupled systems, this may be complicated by other method. In the study of magnetic relaxation, we used appropriate method to broadband RFM to discriminate and quantify relaxation’s contributions of different systems. A important point of this study of relaxation magnetic is observation and quantification of the anisotropy of the intrinsic damping (αG), mainly proportional to the exchange coupling
Franco, Galeano Andres Felipe. "Effets de couplage sur la dynamique de couches magnétiques." Perpignan, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PERP1106.
Full textDue to its potential applications in the industry of magnetic recording media and the rapidly developing field of spintronics, the physics of stacked magnetic nanostructures has attracted a growing interest from the scienfic community during the last decades. One of the underlying issues of the multilayered magnetic systems used concerns the origin and effect of interlayer coupling as it plays a crucial role in the optimization of the magnetization switching. Accordingly, we have devoted the large part of the present thesis work to the study of the effect of such a coupling by considering various types thereof, and the switching mechanisms and magnetization profile they entail. We believe that our work will contribute to further optimizing the physical properties of magnetic multilayers as promising candidates for efficient information storage on magnetic media such as the Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM)
Richy, Jérôme. "Etude des propriétés du couplage d'échange dans des nano-structures de type ferromagnétique/multiferroïque." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0075/document.
Full textThis dissertation presents a study of the exchange coupling in ferromagnetic-multiferroic nanostructures, with specific interest in understanding the thermal and angular reversal of the magnetization.A theorical numerical model of the thermal magnetization reversal in core-shell nanoparticles is presented. The program source code, implemented during this thesis, is freely avaibale to the scientific community under an open-source license. This model, developed during this thesis, allows diameter size dispersion, and demonstrates the key role of the size distribution and temperature in the magnetic response of nanoparticles.The experimentally studied bilayer is composed of a ferromagnetic material, Ni81Fe19, and a room temperature magnetoelectric multiferroic, BiFeO3. Different thicknesses in BiFeO3 were deposited. The structure and morphology of the bilayers were studied using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, revealing in particular the BiFeO3 polycristallinity. The magnetization reversal was probed by vectorial vibrating magnetometry, at room temperature and 77 K, using a self-developped immersive cryostat. The SQUID magnetometry allowed the measurement of two specific cooling protocols between 10 K and 380 K. The results of these two different protocols are similar to the ones obtained for measurements previously reported on expitaxial BiFeO3. An intrinsic property of BiFeO3 is proposed as being the driving mechanism for the thermal dependent magnetization reversal: the canting of the BiFeO3 spins leading to a biquadratic contribution to the exchange coupling. Finally, a new phenomenon in exchange coupled materials is shown at room temperature, which corresponds to an angular training of the anisotropy axes
Ottenwaelder, Xavier. "Coupleurs ferromagnétiques : aspects géométrique, topologique et électrochimique." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112326.
Full textThis work concerns the synthesis and the study of dinuclear complexes capable of anchoring other complexes at their periphery to form polynuclear compounds. Two pathways towards the target to input of a ferromagnetic coupling in the initial complexes have been developed. The first part is dedicated to the static approach where the properties of the complexes cannot be tuned after synthesis. 1) A dinucleating ligand whereby the two magnetic orbitals are orientated in a quasiperpendicular fashion leads to a feeble ferromagnetic coupling. With this synthon hexanuclear complexes were obtained. 2) The topological aspect of the interaction is inspected through a mecanism based on spin polarisation. Biscopper(II) complexes in meta or para positions of benzenic rings lead to differently coupled systemes. The ions are highly coupled despite the large separation between them. Polynuclear compounds containing 6, 9 and 16 Cu(II) ions have been isolated from the meta substituted derivatives and they all retain the ferromagnetic coupling. .
Lamy, Yann. "Matériaux magnétiques doux hétérogènes à combinaison d'aimantation élevée et de grande anisotropie utilisant le couplage d'échange, pour application microondes." Limoges, 2006. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/2be84ed8-691e-4498-8b77-83cf61f54625/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0059.pdf.
Full textSize-reduction for spiral inductors has brought soft ferromagnetic thin films to the attention of the RF-community. Consequently, designers for mobile communication circuits with material science people also think about new microwave or millimetric applications. This picture might be realistic shortly, if high permeability (μ'DC) and large ferromagnetic resonance frequency (fFMR) be achievable. However, ultra high magnetization (4πMs) and very large uniaxial anisotropy field (Hk) is believed to be impossible to combine with single-alloy materials. To overcome this limitation, we have proposed the use of high-4π Ms CoFe films, which are not naturally soft, into exchange-coupled multilayers. During my PhD, I have developed sputtered thin films consisting in antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic(AF/F/AF) multilayers. The main investigation has been completed for Co90Fe10 (4πMs = 17. 5 kG) and Co35Fe65 (4πMs = 23. 5 kG) as F-layers, respectively, and Ni50Mn50 as AF layer. For practical applications, such materials will be used as thick multilayered [NiMn/FeCo]*n films in order to cumulate adequate F-thickness (typically ≥ 0. 5 μm). However, these materials might suffer from limitations (mainly eddy currents) due to an unfavourable filling ratio (fr = eF/eAF) < 1) and too large conductivities with FeCo and NiMn. We have enlarged the study to others AF layers such as IrMn and NiO. We have also developed new soft F-layers as CoFeN and CoFeHfN exhibiting high resistivity (∼ 180 μ. Cm). As the exchange bias strength, critical thickness and temperature-dependence are known to strongly depend on the nature of the AF-layer, systematic investigations vs eAF and eF have been conducted. This work includes structural analyses (XRD, TEM) and annealing temperature investigations. Static properties have been investigated with VSM and Kerr effect. Dynamical properties have been investigated with a single coil permeameter up to 6 GHz and with coplanar wave guide lines up to 20 GHz. Large interfacial exchange energy densities Jex are achievable (1 erg. Cm−2) with the AF/F/AF configuration which allows to adjust the pinning field (Hex) over a large range according to the classical 1/eF dependence. The combination of ultra high 4πMs and unique large Hk (50-700 Oe) has been successfully achieved, leading to the highest fFMR ∼ 10 GHz frequencies associated with μ'DC ∼ 50 never reported so far. Microwave permeability spectra agree LLG model and exhibit conventional damping parameter (0. 01- 0. 02), suitable for RF applications. Furthermore, microwave properties of such films are adequate regarding temperature stability : NiMn-coupled films do not show any significant changes up to 150°C. Finally, we have investigated the integration of such multilayered films in real devices. A new type of RF-inductor on silicon has been developed based on coplanar copper lines covered with the magnetic film. The realization features a new topology where the central stripe is fully encapsulated with the magnetic film including flanges. As a best result, the closed inductor exhibit the highest linear density of inductance with 1. 5 nH. Mm−1 being optimized up to 5 GHz. Indeed, the ratio between the operating frequency (Qmax) and the gyromagnetic frequency is found much more suitable than with spirals for Q optimization, considering moderate damping parameters. Integrated coplanar wave lines have been shown adequate for unusual high frequency permeability investigation (up to 20 GHz) while macroscopic techniques do not exceed ∼ 6 GHz typically. However, this advantage is balanced by a more complex interpretation of α which includes now extrinsic contributions to the material but realistic in terms of excitation
De, person Pierre. "Jonctions tunnel à aimantation perpendiculaire : croissance, caractérisations structurales ; phénomènes de couplage, magnétotransport ; extension aux hétérostructures pour l'injection de spins dans les semiconducteurs III-V." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10035.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the elaboration by epitaxy and the characterization of devices designed for spintronic applications : magnetic tunnel junctions (FePt/MgO/FePt) and hybrid heterostructures ferromagnetic metal / semiconductor III-V (FePt/MgO/GaAs). Ln both cases we used MgO as an insulating barrier and FePt ferromagnetic electrodes with magnetization perpendicular to the surface plane (the L1o ordered alloy). This ferromagnetic material has been chosen for the purpose of creating future magnetic memories because its large anisotropy enables a stable magnetic information. Different magnetic behaviors have been shown for each of the two electrodes of the magnetic tunnel junctions. Structural characterizations of the system performed during the growth process led us to attribute this effect to the epitaxial strain of the thin films. Surprisingly at first sight, the magnetic decoupling of the system is not guaranteed in the general case because of the strong magnetization of the ferromagnetic layers that induces a strong stray field during the magnetization reversaIs. We also were able to deduce, by experiments and calculations, the influence of the thickness of the electrodes on the general magnetic properties of the device. Studies of magnetization reversaI dynamics have shed some light on the key role played by the pinning of the domain walls during the magnetization reversals. All-epitaxial FePtlMgO/GaAs hybrid systems were elaborated by combining different deposition chambers. We managed to grow systems exhibiting very good structural and magnetic properties
Zighem, Fatih. "Influence des structurations géométriques et des couplages interfaciaux sur les excitations magnétiques dans des couches minces." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA132008.
Full textThe present study concerns the effects of interfacial couplings and of submicrometric patterning in thin ferromagnetic metallic films on their magnetic dynamic properties. Two compementary techniques were used: Brillouin Light Scattering Microstripe Ferromagnetic Resonance (that I contributed to install in our research group). A first part is devoted to the size reduction of the probed objects. We study permalloy layers structured into lattices of wires and we show that a satisfactory account of the observed spectra is obtained according to an approximate analytical model that we have elaborated. Thhis model introduces a anisotropy term deriving from the average demagnetizing field inside each stripe, which is easily calculated according to the geometrical characteristics of the lattice. The second part of our work is related to the interfacial coupling in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayers (Ni81Fe19/NiO): although its specific character, including bias effects, was discovered several decades ago, it still rises a lot of problems and remains an active subject of research. We propose an interpretation of the static and dynamic magnetic properties of the studied samples based on approximate analytical expressions and on numerical calculations
Santugini, Repiquet Kévin. "Matériaux ferromagnétiques : influence d'un espaceur mince non magnétique et homogénéisation d'agencements multicouches, en présence de couplage sur la frontière." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA132019.
Full textTilioua, Mouhcine. "Comportement asymptotique de matériaux ferromagnétiques minces avec énergie de surface et/ou couplage d'échange inter-couches." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPXX0005.
Full textKaverine, Evgueni. "Contribution à la conception d'antennes MF, HF et VHF miniatures pour des applications mobiles, terrestres et maritimes." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S152.
Full textThe objectives of this work concern the study, the design and the measurement of miniaturized passive and active, broadband and narrowband antennas for MF, HF and VHF frequency bands. The thesis is divided into five parts : The first part deals with a measurement system, which has been developed, validated and used for all conceived aerials. The system is based on a parallel plate cell (PPC) and allows an evaluation of the gain, the compression point, the interception point and the sensitivity using a radiative method particularly useful in the case of active integrated antennas. The second part concerns solenoidal ferrite antennas. The results obtained from electromagnetic 3D simulators were compared to the state of the art theory. Main matching technics have also been studied. The third part put the light on the possibility of development of arbitrary shaped antennas on a ferromagnetic substrate using a composite material. Two antennas developed for the VHF band, confirm this point. In the fourth part, we present a concept of antennas on a partially saturated ferromagnetic substrate. A static magnetic field associated with an initially lossy material brings up some interesting phenomena such as an increased efficiency without a degradation of the impedance matching or the directivity with very small antennas. The last part presents an application of the work across a project dedicated to long distance telecommunications in marine navigation
Santugini-Repiquet, Kévin. "Matériaux ferromagnétiques : influence d'un espaceur mince non magnétique, et homogénéisation d'agencements multicouches, en présence de couplage sur la frontière." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007857.
Full textLeclercq, Bastien. "Unités ferromagnétiques « basse D » : frustration et transitions méta-magnétiques pour la mise en place de couplages magnétoélectriques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R078.
Full textDespite their immense interest, scope and applications of magnetoelectrics materials are still a rarity, their use has been hindered by the weakness of the polarization generated by magnetoelectric effect (e.g. BiFeO3) or the low working temperature (e.g. TbMnO3). In these compounds there is a coupling between the ferroelectric and magnetic properties that coexist simultaneously. By the existence of these couplings, these materials are of great interest in particular for electronics applications (sensors, switch, etc) and data storage, allowing to take advantages of both the electrical and magnetic properties. The capacity can thus be doubled, the information can be written electrically taking advantage of the low energy consumption, and read magnetically in a non-destructive way. However, the actual development strategy too often relies on optimization of the few well-known exploitable compounds in the literature, which does not lead to great improvement of the properties. Here we propose an original and thoughtful approach for designing magnetoelectric properties in inorganic compounds, dealing with low dimensional ferromagnetic units (0D blocks, 1D chains, 2D layers) and their alignment under field through metamagnetic transitions. Our candidates possess collinear or canted macrospins of high spin magnetic cations (M = Fe2+, Co2+, Mn2+), separated by non-magnetic and electrical insulating spacers XO4 or X2O7 (X=P, As) or large cations (A=Ba2+, Sr2+) building up the insulating properties. We give particular interest to AM2X2O8 polymorphs and their frustrated network including the first Ising 2D FM oxide BaFe2P2O8, some rare example of low-D ferromagnetic compound with incommensurate structures such as BaMX2O7, but also the M-type Hexaferrites AM12O19. We paid particular attention to the creation of intrinsic magnetic frustrations (triangular lattice and/or cationic substitution), and magnetization steps where the creation of frustrations and magnetic domains during the reorientation of spins under field is expected to be at the origin of enhanced magnetoelectric properties
Frangou, Lamprini. "Injection, transmission et détection de spin dans les matériaux antiferromagnétiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY079/document.
Full textAntiferromagnetic spintronics is an emerging research field in the area of information technology that exploits the unique combination of properties of antiferromagnets. It is their high excitation frequency, robustness against external fields, zero net magnetization and possibility of generating large magneto-transport effects that makes them so interesting. Spin transfer, spin-orbit coupling and spin caloritronics constitute the phenomena that have shaped much of the recent research and development towards pure antiferromagnetic spintronics. Here we investigate spin transfer torque and spin pumping in both metallic and insulating antiferromagnets by means of ferromagnetic resonance technique, in ferromagnetic spin injector – NiFe, CoFeB / (spin conductor – Cu) / antiferromagnetic spin sink – IrMn, NiFeOx, NiO trilayers. Temperature dependence measurements of the ferromagnetic relaxation revealed a novel spin pumping effect associated to the linear fluctuations at the magnetic phase transition of the antiferromagnet, regardless its electronic state and the nature of the spin transport. This opens new ways towards more efficient spin pumping, while providing at the same time a versatile method to probe the critical temperature of ultrathin films with zero net magnetization. Next, in an effort to probe linear as well as non-linear fluctuations in the antiferromagnet we conducted electrical measurements in spin Hall geometry. A novel non-monotonous temperature dependence of transverse dc voltage was sometimes observed, mostly associated to the properties of a specific ferromagnet: Permalloy, unrelated to spin rectification effects. These findings add to a growing body of literature on spin current absorption, highlighting the ability of ferromagnets to act as spin current detectors, in phenomena involving magnetization dynamics. Finally, we used exchange bias to investigate and subsequently engineer the magnetic and electric properties of various antiferromagnets intended for diverse spintronic applications including reading via tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance
Clausse, Bastien. "Modélisation des traducteurs électromagnétiques acoustiques (EMAT) pour le contrôle non-destructif (CND) de milieux ferromagnétiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX011/document.
Full textAn electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) induces without contact dynamic sources in a ferromagnetic material which radiate ultrasonic waves used for its nondestructive evaluation (NDE).Taking account of the anhysteretic magnetic and magnetostrictive constitutive laws predicted by a simplified multiscale approach, the transduction model derives the electro-magnetic and magnetostrictive stresses tensors, well-fitted for the definition of electromagnetic and magnetostrictive sources induced by EMAT, irrespective of the piece geometry, of the material properties and of the transducer design.To efficiently predict ultrasonic field radiation with the CIVA platform, a method to transform body sources into equivalent surface stresses is developed. As a result, an equivalent surface source is derived to accurately depict all the transduction processes induced by EMAT in nonlinear magnetic material. The model is used to quantify the weight of each transduction mecanism, to illustrate effects of nonlinear magnetoelastic behaviors of materials, to enlighten the impact of elastic residual stresses on transduction sources. It is applied in a given EMAT NDE configuration to illustrate how the developed tools can help optimizing EMAT design, and its predictions are succesfully compared to experimental measurements
DANIEL, Laurent. "Modélisation multi-échelle du comportement magnéto-mécanique des matériaux ferromagnétiques texturés." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004619.
Full textUn modèle multi-échelle, considérant successivement l'équilibre d'un domaine magnétique, d'un monocristal (ou grain), et d'un volume élémentaire représentatif est proposé. Ce modèle est appliqué à un alliage de fer-silicium dont on a préalablement caractérisé le comportement magnéto-élastique à l'aide d'un dispositif expérimental spécifique.
Les résultats obtenus montrent d'une part la très forte anisotropie du comportement couplé, et, d'autre part l'importance de l'état de contraintes et de la présence de surfaces libres sur le comportement magnéto-élastique. Ces effets sont intégrés au modèle.
Quelques applications ou extensions du modèle sont enfin abordées. Elles concernent notamment l'étude de l'effet de la plasticité sur le comportement magnétique ou la détermination d'une contrainte uniaxiale équivalente pour les propriétés magnétiques.
Bujnowski, Bogusz. "Propriétés d'équilibre et de transport électronique dans des jonctions hybrides entre supraconducteurs et matériaux ferromagnétiques et/ou à fort couplage spin-orbite." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0242.
Full textWe investigate the interplay of the pairing state in conventional superconductors (S) and spin-active fields. In conventional S electrons with opposite momenta and spins bind into so-called Cooper pairs. The pair correlations penetrate normal conducting materials (N) on the length scale of the superconducting coherence length, what is known as the proximity effect. The proximity effect gives rise to interesting phase coherent phenomena that are strongly modified in the presence of spin active fields. For example it is strongly suppressed in a ferromagnet (F), which prefers a parallel spins of the electrons and counters the conventional pairing mechanism. A prominent manifestation of the proximity effect is the Josephson effect, where the phase difference between the macroscopic wavefunctions of two spatially separated S leads to a non dissipative current at zero voltage.We consider the Josephson effect in a junctions involving spin splitted S, where the orientation of the exchange field can be controlled individually in both S. In such junctions, when the fields are oriented antiparallely, it is possible to increase the critical current by increasing the magnitude of the exchange fields. This is a counter intuitive result considering the pair breaking nature of the fields. The formation of the Andreev bound states (ABS) has not been investigated so far. We analyze the spectral properties of this junction and show that for collinear orientations of the fields, any deviation from the case of equal fields leads to finite intervals of phases without ABS. In general the spectral composition of the current is found to be a superposition of the contributions from the ABS and the continuous spectrum and strongly depends on the transmissivity of the junction.The suppression of the proximity effect in magnetic heterostructures can be avoided by generating triplet components of the pair correlations with spin projections perpendicular to the field, so-called long range triplet correlations (LRTC). LRTCs can be generated due to the presence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and a homogeneous exchange field, what has not been confirmed experimentally yet. We propose favorable junction setups to observe the LRTCs and calculate the Josephson current considering two common types of SOC, that result in spin precession and anisotropic spin relaxation effects. The contributions to the current from the effects depend on the orientation of the exchange field and their competition leads to current reversal scenarios which represent a signature of the LRTCs.We then turn to another equilibrium phenomenon, namely equilibrium spin currents (ESC). We show that in a nanowire with SOC, breaking the time-reversal symmetry by a Zeeman field leads to a bulk equilibrium spin current which manifests itself in a sizable edge spin polarization, transverse to the Zeeman field. This property occurs in both, the normal and superconducting state, independently of the degree of disorder. The transverse edge spin polarization is strongly enhanced in the superconducting state when the Zeeman energy is of the order of the induced superconducting gap. This leads to a unknown transverse magnetic susceptibility that can be much larger than the known longitudinal one.At the end of the thesis, we investigate electronic transport in heterostructures of the recently discovered Weyl semimetals (WSM). This material class exhibits a pseudo-relativistic dispersion around so-called Weyl points in the Brillouin zone, that are characterized by their chirality in the low-energy limit. We discovered a interesting chiral filtering effect when interfacing two distinct WSMs, if the Weyl nodes on each side of the interface are separated in energy and momentum space. We calculate the differential conductance across the interface and identify the regimes where it is possible to achieve transport of one, none, or both chiralities
Ba, Adji Cathy. "Étude du comportement tribologique d'un couple de matériaux ferromagnétique acier XC48 en contact mécanique et magnétique à sec." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2318/document.
Full textThis thesis is about the study of the tribological behavior of a couple of ferromagnetic materials XC48 steel in mechanical and magnetic dry contact. It consists in identifying the generated effects of the presence or absence of a magnetic field at the static and sliding contact interface. The first step was to establish constraint equations which govern the linear, punctual and surface response of the solids under given loadings, by using models developed in the theory of elasticity. They were then simulated under Mathematica to obtain analytical results of stress fields in sub-surfaces. In the second phase, the dry contact tests carried out by means of a standard pin-on-disc tribometer reveal an increase in the coefficient of friction with the magnetic field on the tribological contact. The analysis by X-ray diffraction shows that the wear debris during the tests with magnetic field comprises the presence of iron oxide. The characterization by scanning electron microscopy and profilometry of worn material shows the state of the sub-surface with modification of the grain structure and presence of soft wear from testing with magnetic field. The photoelasticity measurements show the influence of the magnetic field on the stress fields. By varying the kinematic parameters of the test on our numerical model, we observe an increase in stress fields. These mechanical, magnetic and physicochemical parameters are complex and the study contributes to understanding these problems of dry friction
Iordache, Viorel-Eugen. "Suivi de l'état de contraintes, appliquées et internes, des alliages ferromagnétiques doux par mesure de leurs propriétés magnétiques." Compiègne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003COMP1452.
Full textA strong coupling exists between mechanical and magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials. The aim of this study is to lead to a better understanding of the physical mechanisms involved, with the practical aim of developing magnetic methods for nondestructive evaluation of the mechanical state. The experimental characterisations have been carried out mainly on a non-oriented Fe-(3wt. %)Si electrical steel. The mechanical behaviour under an uniaxial tensile test is characterised by the existence of two strain-hardening stages, related to the evolution of the dislocations feature. Furthermore, a strong kinematic hardening value, representative of the internal stresses state, is reached from the very beginning of the plastic deformation. An appropriate experimental device has been created and magnetic measurements have been performed under uniaxial tensile stresses approaching and exceeding the macroscopic elastic limit and in the corresponding unloaded states. Both Barkhausen noise and B-H hysteresis loops were measured. The different stages of the tensile deformation (perfectly elastic stage, microplastic yielding stage, the two strain-hardening stages) are clearly identified by the magnetic parameters. By using measurements on prestrained specimens under reloaded elastic stresses, an accurate identification of the effect of dislocations acting as pinning sites and of the magnetoelastic effect of long-range internal stresses has been proposed. Additional characterisations of a high-purity polycrystalline nickel and of a FeCo-(2wt. )V alloy have confirmed our hypothesis
Zhang, Shaobin. "High frequency magnetic field-induced strain of ferromagnetic shape memory alloys." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLY011.
Full textFerromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys (FSMAs) have ability to provide large high-frequency reversible strain via magnetic field-induced martensite reorientation. But, the high-frequency frictional twin boundary motion of the martensite reorientation can induce a rapid accumulation of dissipation heat and cause a significant temperature rise in the material, which poses instability problems about the dynamic performance of FSMA. Particularly, the output strain amplitude would be reduced significantly when the temperature increases to be high enough to trigger the Martensite-Austenite phase transformation. However, such thermal effect on the dynamic responses of FSMA has not yet been investigated in literature where most existing dynamic experiments were performed only for a short-time period (a few seconds) to avoid the temperature variation. In this thesis, multi-scale experimental and theoretical analyses of the long-time performance of FSMA under high-frequency magnetic actuation are performed. Systematic experiments of the long-time magnetic actuation (> 100 seconds) on a Ni-Mn-Ga single crystal bar are conducted at various levels of magnetic field frequency, initial compressive stress and ambient airflow (ambient heat-exchange efficiency) to investigate their influences on the stable state of the high-frequency FSMA-actuator. A one-dimensional heat-transfer model is developed and the new experimental phenomena of the thermal effects are well understood. Based on the experimental results and theoretical analysis, critical conditions to achieve the large and stable output strain amplitude in the high-frequency actuation are derived. Moreover, to understand the heat-exchange dependence of the output nominal-strain from a microscopic view, the local strain distribution/evolution and the associated transformation/reorientation among the different phases/variants during the high-frequency actuation under various heat-exchange efficiencies are demonstrated via the in-situ Digital Image Correlation observations. A novel mechanism is revealed: the temperature-driven phase boundary motion (phase transformation) and the magnetic field-driven twin boundary motion (martensite reorientation) can be activated at the same time under the magneto-thermal-mechanical actuation (i.e., the high-frequency magnetic field, the mechanical spring force and the varying ambient airflow) as the material can self-organize its volume fractions of the different phases/variants to satisfy all the thermo-magneto-mechanical boundary conditions. Further, the self-organized morphology/pattern composed of various variants and phases during cyclic deformation (with the moving habit plane and twin boundaries) can be explained by microstructure compatibility analyses
Hébert, Christian. "Films minces nanocomposites ZnxFe1-xO1+δ : phases wurtzite, sel gemme et spinelle." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066068/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the growth of thin films of zinc/iron oxides (ZnxFe1-xO1+δ) by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and the possibility of controlling their structural and physicochemical properties by varying the elaboration conditions: oxygen pressure and growth temperature, respective proportions of zinc/iron. For high values of x (x> 65%), the films are single-phase with a ZnO-type wurtzite structure (Fe:ZnO films), with 80% optical transparency in the UV-visible range but without ferromagnetic properties; depending on their iron (1-x) content, they evolve from very good electrical conductors to near-insulators. For small values of x (x <15%), the films are also single-phase with a Fe3O4-type spinel structure (Zn:Fe3O4 films). They exhibit very good ferromagnetic properties at ambient temperature as well as good electrical conductivity, the localization effects of charge carriers occurring below the Verwey temperature. The number of antiphase walls can be decreased by a two-step growth, as evidenced by magnetoresistance measurements. At intermediate zinc rates (15%
Ziani, Smail. "Contribution à la modélisation de courts-circuits entre tôles magnétiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10192/document.
Full textThe major difficulty to model lamination stacks with defects using finite element method is the multi-scale nature of lamination stacks. Indeed, this important scale factor stays a challenge, because of the fineness of the representation that depends on the number of elements used, which implies memory sizes and excessive computation times making the realization of a fine mesh adapted to the scale of each subdomain unworkable. Thus, the objective of this work was to model lamination stacks containing short-circuit with precision with an acceptable number of unknowns and computation times, by homogenizing volumes that do not necessarily require great precision and leaving subdomains containing defects with fine modeling. The difficulty of this approach is the coupling between the homogenized parts and the heterogeneous materials. The coupling approach allows us to directly obtain the steady state and takes into account the non-linear nature of the ferromagnetic laminations. The coupling approach has been validated by comparing its results to a classical approach without homogenization, especially considering defects under different conditions. Thermal modeling has also been developed to estimate the temperature rise of a defect. Comparing the results of our coupling approach with a conventional approach shows good agreement. These results demonstrate the ability of the proposed coupling approach to model a lamination stacks with defects accurately with computation time reduction
Haspot, Victor. "Exploitation d’hétérostructures d’oxydes intégrant La₂⁄₃Sr₁⁄₃MnO₃ pour des applications spin-orbitroniques et magnoniques." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASP079.
Full textClassical spintronic devices use the exchange interaction between conduction electron spins and local spins in magnetic materials to create spin-polarized currents, or to manipulate nanomagnets by spin transfer from spin-polarized currents. A novel direction of spintronics –called spin-orbitronics - exploits the spin-orbit coupling in nonmagnetic materials instead of the exchange interaction in magnetic materials to generate, detect or exploit spin-polarized currents. Another one –magnonics- explores the potential of spin waves to carry and process information in magnetic nanostructures. For a broad range of applications in both fields, materials with ultralow magnetic damping values are required. In this thesis we first explored the potential of the half metallic material La₂⁄₃Sr₁⁄₃MnO₃ (LSMO) to obtain very low damping. We studied the effect of strain and temperature on the damping of LSMO thin films. Subsequently, LSMO films were used as spin-current injectors in spin-orbitronic heterostructures. In those we also studied the opportunity to control the spin-charge interconversion by adding a ferroelectric material, BiFeO₃ (BFO) by exploiting the interface effects. Finally, we explored the potential of LSMO/BFO bilayers for reprogrammable magnonic crystals
Lopez, Alexandre. "Étude de la dynamique de paroi de domaine magnétique dans des matériaux à fort couplage spin orbite." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY037/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we studied the current induced domain walls (DWs) dynamics in ultra-thin ferromagnetic films of heavy metal/ ferromagnetic metal/ oxide type with a high spin-orbit coupling. In these systems, two ingredients linked to the high spin-orbit coupling and the structural inversion asymmetry play a key role on the DWs dynamics: the amplitude of the spin-orbit torques (SOT) acting on the domain when a current is injected; and the amplitude of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMi) which stabilizes the Néel structure of the DW. The purpose of this work was to characterize the current induced torques acting on the DW and the amplitude of the DMi.For that purpose, I developed a new measurement technique relying on the measurement of current induced nanometer size motion of a DW, trapped inside a nanodot patterned in the magnetic material. This quasi-static measurement enables to avoid the difficulties related to the modelling of the DW dynamics in the presence of defects.Besides that, the device has been designed to enable different perpendicular directions for the current and the external magnetic field, which enable a clear measurement of spin transfer (NA-STT) and spin-orbit (DL-SOT) torques contributions.The measurements allowed the characterization of the torque exerted by the current on the DW with respect to a planar magnetic field for a Pt/Co/AlOx stack in 4 different couples of field/current directions. The results allow to exclude the hypothesis of a Bloch structure for the DW.In the case where the current is injected through the DW, the comparison between the results and the model leads to a very weak value for the NA-STT. Our measurements made with the planar magnetic field leads to a value of 7,5+/-0,5 Oe per 10 MA/m² for the DL-SOT, which is in agreement with previously published results in the case of a Néel DW. If both configurations lead to similar measurements for the SOT, they don't permit to conclude on the exact value of the DMi in this system. The origin of these contradictories values is still to be understood
IORDACHE, Viorel-Eugen. "Suivi de l'état de contraintes, appliquées et internes, des alliages ferromagnétiques doux par mesure de leur propriétés magnétiques." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010845.
Full textBonneau-Brault, Aurélien. "Multicouches magnétiques à fréquences de résonance ajustable pour applications hyperfréquences." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4034/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to increase the working frequency of a magneto-dielectric multilayer for ICT applications. Two structures were studied : (CoO=CoFeB)n multilayers and Py/Ru/Py trilayer. In (CoO=CoFeB)n stacks, the CoFeB resonance frequency is increased thanks to a surface anisotropy induced by the CoO oriented roughness. This roughness is generated by the deposition geometry. The resonance frequency of this system is adjustable over the entire ICT frequency range by choosing the CoO and CoFeB thicknesses. These magnetic properties are simulated by adding a demagnetizing term to the CoFeB intrinsic volume anisotropy. This term is calculated from AFM observations of CoO surface. The magnetic properties of the bilayer are not degraded in multilayers because the roughness is poorly affected by the stacking. In trilayer Py/Ru/Py, the term added to the Py intrinsic anisotropy is induced by the coupling of the two Py layers via the conduction electrons of Ru (RKKY coupling). Depending on the samples, the quadratic or antiferromagnetic coupling term is dominant. The hysteresis loop fitting leads to the coupling terms values. The dynamic properties calculus predicts the two resonance frequencies experimentally observed
Chin, Kyo-Joon. "Etude du comportement thermomécanique et caractérisation d'un couple de matériaux ferromagnétiques acier / acier dans un contact électrique glissant soumis à un champ magnétique." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2259.
Full textThis thesis concerns the study of thermo-mechanical behavior and characterization of a ferromagnetic material couple in sliding contact subjected to a magnetic field H (A. C. ) and crossed by a electrical current I (D. C. ). The tests were carried out on a pin-on-disc (XC48 Steel / XC48 steel) tribometer in dry friction condition, according to H and I intensity under various normal loads. The presence of the magnetic field around the tribocontact leads to a stabilization of friction and a significant reduction of the wear rate. The tribological modifications result from the modification of the contact nature by the magnetic field. We analyzed the influence of four principal parameters: oxidation of contact surfaces by H and I, role of the third body in interface, surface and subsurface modifications of materials and distribution of the contact stress. Oxidation of surfaces due to the presence of magnetic field is the decisive parameter in these results. There are many factors to take into account in the comprehension of this phenomenon : activation of the physico-chemical reactivity on contact surfaces of the magnetized ferromagnetic steel, temperature increase of the metal by Eddy currents, etc. The oxide film and the fine wear particles created in this way reduce the shearing force in the contact, facilitating the sliding. They play a protective role in the dry contact and change the wear from severe mode to mild mode. The characterization of worn material highlights the contact surface hardening and the crystalline texture modification of the material under the effect of magnetic field and the surface embrittlement causing a cracking in subsurface. The numerical modeling of the stress field shows a tensile stress concentration in the rear of contact zone in sliding direction, which corresponds to the cracking and the rupture of the oxide film observed
Pigeau, Benjamin. "Magnetic vortex dynamics nanostructures." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779597.
Full textMalinowski, Grégory. "Transport dépendant du spin et couplage d'échange : de la jonction tunnel au capteur magnétique intégré." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008797.
Full textHan, Liuyang. "Croissance et caractérisations complètes de structures ferroics artificielles à base de matériaux ferroélectrique et anti ferroélectrique : comparaison des performances en termes de coefficient de couplage magnétoélectrique et de l'accordabilité de la perméabilité." Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UPHF0006.
Full textThe magnetoelectric (ME) coupling effect, a coexistence of electrical polarization and magnetization in multiferroic materials, has been widely investigated, both from a fundamental science perspective and an application point of view. Many researchers have devoted their efforts to realize electric field (E) control of magnetism, instead of a magnetic field (H), i.e., converse magnetoelectric (CME) coupling effect. The CME effect can be realized in ferromagnetic (FM)/ferroelectric (FE) composites with an elastic strain mediation, which enables the development of novel multiferroic devices such as information storage, microwave tuning, and multi-function electronic devices. FE materials have been intensively used in multiferroic composites to obtain a significant CME coupling effect. The FM/FE composites have achieved significant advancements because of the considerable E-induced strain in FE phases. The antiferroelectric (AFE) materials also undergo large deformation under the application of E, and large E-induced strain is generated. However, very few works have reported the CME coupling effect in AFE-based multiferroic composites. In our work, a series of ME heterostructures were investigated for the fundamental understanding of AFE-based multiferroic heterostructures and the differences in the performances of AFE- and FE-based multiferroic heterostructures. The AFE ceramic and FE ceramic, (Pb, La)(Zr, Sn, Ti)O₃ (PLZST) and Pb(Mg, Nb)O₃-Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃ (PMN-PZT), were prepared as substrates to deposit FM films. Then the NiMnGa (NMG) alloys, the ferrite Y₃Fe₅O₁₂ (YIG) film, and uniaxial [(TbCo₂)/(FeCo)]₂₀ (TCFC) films were used to couple with AFE and FE materials. The work first included a study of the strain-mediated CME coupling manipulation in NMG/PLZST/NMG heterostructure. The NMG/AFE heterostructures have been reported several times, but the E control of magnetization has never been reached. Here, the CME coupling effect in AFE-based heterostructure has been first revealed. The magnetization of NMG film changes rapidly at the switching fields of PLZST. At 0 Oe, the magnetization change of NMG film reaches the maximum (15%). Secondly, the ferrite YIG films deposited on PLZST and PMN-PZT ceramic substrates were studied. The CME coupling effect in YIG/PLZST and YIG/PMN-PZT was carried out, and the differences of CME performance in AFE- and FE-based ME heterostructure were revealed. The considerable E-induced strain in AFE substrate leads to maximum in-plane CME coefficient (αCME =11.6 × 10⁻⁸ s/m) at 0 Oe and a maximum of in-plane relative magnetic susceptibility change (∆χ/χ0 =33%) with a low magnetic field of 10 Oe in YIG/Pt/PLZST/Pt heterostructure. The maximum of in-plane αCME (18.15 × 10⁻⁸ s/m) is observed when H = 25 Oe. The part of work demonstrated the electric-field induced strain plays a crucial role in the CME coupling effect. The different strain evolutions of substrates favors the difference in the CME coupling effect of YIG/AFE and YIG/FE. Thirdly, we investigated the CME coupling effect of uniaxial TCFC films on PLZST and PMN-PZT substrates along different axes. A significant manipulation by E can be realized along the hard axis of TCFC film, and a reverse transition of M-E curves occurs. In TCFC/PLZST, the maximum of αCME is at 500 Oe with a value of 12.7×10⁻⁸ s/m. In TCFC/PMN-PZT, the maximum of αCME reaches 136.6 ×10⁻⁸ s/m with a bias H = 300 Oe. Along the easy axis and out-of-plane direction, the CME coupling effect has also been discussed. Finally, the YIG/AFE and YIG/FE heterostructures have been prepared in the full thin-film form to explore the CME coupling effect. The results indicate that a FM phase with a strong magnetic response along OOP direction is needed for Magnetic Force Measurement (MFM) to evaluate the ME performance of these structures
Garello, Kevin. "Matériaux magnéto-diélectriques en couches minces à forte perméabilité et à forte permittivité pour les applications microondes." Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/40362767-dd75-4724-8290-dda5087628e2/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4054.pdf.
Full textThis work concerns the elaboration of a polycrystalline magneto-dielectric heterostructure thin film for radiofrequencies applications. The major result is the achievement of a temperature process compatibility between the SrTiO3 perovskite phase and FeCo/NiMn magnetic electrodes type. Such a material associate artificially a very high permittivity (εr=100) and a very high permeability ( µr=200) that allows to compress the wavelength of a radiofrequency signal, with there a low dispersive character up to about 10 GHz. This constitutes a world first that has been the object of several patents. Different versions of this material have been tested with coplanar waveguides and antennas, and the potential of miniaturization is discussed by applications
Tatat, Matthieu. "Influence de films fonctionnels sur les propriétés élastiques des substrats associés : application au système Ni/NiO." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00785259.
Full textLamirand, Anne. "Croissance épitaxiale, structure atomique et couplage d'échange de bicouches ultra-minces d'oxydes sur métaux." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY032/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the determination of atomic, electronic and magnetic structure of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ultrathin layers to better understand the mechanism of the exchange coupling which could takes place at their interface. Exchange coupling, expression of the interaction between the two materials, manifests itself by a shift of hysteresis loop and an increase in coercivity below the blocking temperature. We have paid attention to the systems of CoO/FePt on Pt(001), CoO/Fe and CoO/Fe3O4 on Ag(001). We combined experimental techniques mainly using synchrotron light to characterize them. As a first step, we optimized in a ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environment the elaboration of the systems looking for an appropriate surface, the high control of growth conditions and the supervision of the structure by in situ X-ray surface diffraction. The crystalline structure was precisely then detailed. As a second step, we studied the magnetic structure and properties ex situ by X-ray magnetic circular and linear dichroïsm and magneto-optic Kerr effect. The relation between exchange coupling and interface structure is discussed all along the manuscript
Bui, Anh Tuan. "Caractérisation et modélisation du comportement des matériaux magnétiques doux sous contrainte thermique." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00857546.
Full textBorlenghi, Simone. "Electronic transport and magnetization dynamics in magnetic systems." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00590363.
Full textRiahi, Hanna. "Propriétés du réseau kagomé artificiel : micromagnétisme, chiralités et cristaux de charges émergents." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0270/document.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the study of artificial kagome spin ices which are frustrated networks of nanomagnets. These arrays are made using thin film deposition, electron beam lithography and ion beam etching. The typical sizes of each nanomagnet are a length of 500nm, a width of 100nm and a thickness of 10nm with a separation between nanomagnets of 50nm. The interest of these frustrated networks relies on the possibility to measure the magnetic configurations by imagery and extract the macrospin configurations. In this work we have especially compared different demagnetization procedures (field and thermal) that allowed us to highlight their impact on the configurations and we have shown for the first time an emergent polycristal of charges. To have a better understanding of our system, we have also conducted a numerical study using finite difference methods. We have shown that nanomagnets do not behave like Ising spin. Indeed, the magnetic configuration is shown to be homogeneous with domains at extremities. In the array, the domains close the flux at a vertex and the effects of those domains on the magnetization reversal of our networks have been studied. We have also shown experimentally that the reversal can be anisotropic. The origin of this anisotropy has been studied. Finally, we have numerically shown that, when a forbidden configuration is stabilized, the closure of the flux at the vertex leads to chiralities of the forbidden state. These chiralities possess different annihilation fields when the fields are applied out of the nanostructure axis. From an experimental point of view, we tried to show the existence of this monopole chirality using adapted field histories
Petit, Sébastien. "Influence du couple de transfert de spin sur les fluctuations magnétiques thermiquement activées dans les jonctions tunnel magnétiques." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00293055.
Full textDans ce contexte, nous avons montré que le couple de transfert de spin agit fortement sur les fluctuations de l'aimantation à la résonance ferromagnétique dans les jonctions tunnel magnétiques, même pour des courants bien inférieurs au seuil critique. Pour ce faire, nous avons mis en place un banc de mesure de bruit large bande : DC − 26 GHz dont le seuil de détection est inférieur à 0, 5 nV/pHz. De plus, grâce à un modèle développé à partir du théorème de fluctuation-dissipation, nous avons pu expliquer les modifications du spectre des fluctuations magnétiques induites par le courant. Nous avons ainsi pu mettre en évidence l'existence de deux termes de couple de transfert de spin.
Viennot, Jeremie. "Charge and spin dynamics in a hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture." Phd thesis, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris - ENS Paris, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01062841.
Full textGhibaudo, Olivier. "Caractéristiques magnétiques de matériaux doux sous l'action de contraintes mécaniques cycliques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT084/document.
Full textThis study deals with the characterization and modeling of a soft ferromagnetic sample of Cobalt-Iron under vibratory mechanical stimulation. The characterization test bench allows to control the magnitude and the frequency of the mechanical solicitation through piezoelectric actuators. The magnetic hysteresis loop and the magnitude of the mechanical deformations are measured simultaneously when the ring sample is placed under longitudinal bending. The experimental results show a significant reduction of the static magnetic hysteresis. Decreases of coercivity are linearly correlated to the amplitude of elastic strain applied on the torus regardless of the mechanical vibration frequency. These reductions, observed under a cyclic external stress, are associated with the depinning of Bloch domain walls when they encounter residual stress defects. To clarify these results, a modeling of the interaction between domain wall and defect is proposed using an energy approach. Energy profiles interaction is used to express the coercivity attributed to residual stress defects in the presence of an external stress of both variable amplitude and/or variable direction(s). The model highlights the need to explore a large number of mechanical states for each magnetic field value. Finally, applications raised by this work are proposed from an energy balance analysis performed on the magneto-mechanical excitation system. This study opens new opportunities for vibratory mechanical energy harvesting devices and systems for demagnetization by mechanical activation
Sartori, Kevin. "Studying the interfacial exchange coupling within ferrite based magnetic nanoparticles prepared following to a succession of thermal decomposition synthesis." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE029.
Full textThe use of rare earths in data storage devices is expensive and polluting. Their replacement with iron oxide would make it possible to avoid this. Below a size of 20 nm, iron oxide nanoparticles cannot be considered as permanent magnet. An alternative is to combine them with another magnetic phase to enhance their magnetic anisotropy via interfacial exchange coupling within core@shell nanoparticles. However, the magnetic stability of the latter remains insufficient. The scope of this thesis is to design a new type of magnetic nanoparticles of core@shell@shell structure with a Fe3-dO4 core and CoFe2O4, CoO or NiO as shells which has further enhance the magnetic properties while maintaining a size below 18 nm. The in-depth study of their structure-properties relationship was carried out using a wide set of analytical techniques
Bahamida, Saida. "Etude des propriétés structurales et magnétiques des alliages FePd en couches minces par spectrométrie Mossbauer et diffraction de rayons X." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR116/document.
Full textIn this work, we are interested in the study of the structural and magnetic properties of thin films deposited on silicon and glass substrates which are: Fe85Pd15, Fe80Pd20, Fe64Pd36 and Fe56Pd44, as well as in the correlations which can be deduced from these properties. These thin films are prepared using the thermal evaporation technique by Joule effect. Moreover, these films have been analyzed by several techniques, namely: X-rays diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Mössbauer spectrometry, SQUID magnetometer, alternating field gradient magnetometer (AFGM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The XRD analysis revealed that the Fe80Pd20 and Fe64Pd36 samples are biphasic, and present a body centered cubic (bcc) α-(Fe, Pd) and a face centered cubic (fcc) FePd structure respectively. Furthermore, the samples Fe85Pd15 and Fe56Pd44 were observed to be monophasic and formed of a body centered cubic α-(Fe, Pd) phase and a face centered cubic FePd phase respectively. Concerning the Fe85Pd15, Fe80Pd20 and Fe64Pd36 alloys, we found that the α-(Fe, Pd) phase saturated at 20% of Pd and that the FePd phase appeared at this same concentration. Then, the Fe56Pd44 alloy deposited on silicon substrates was subjected to isothermal annealing, at 550 ° C for different holding times, in order to induce a transformation of the disordered FePd phase into the ordered L10FePd phase. The variation, as a function of time, of the transformed fraction of the ordered phase, revealed by XRD and SQUID, was found to obey to Avrami's law. Concerning the magnetic properties, we have found that the Fe64Pd36 alloy was also observed to present a transformation of the disordered FePd phase into the ordered L10FePd phase. This transformation is marked by the existence of an exchange coupling between the soft α-(Fe, Pd) phase and the hard L10FePd phase. This phenomenon has been confirmed by several techniques revealing, for instance, the shape of the hysteresis cycle characterized by a high coercive field and a high saturation magnetization
Parpiiev, Tymur. "Ultrafast magneto-acoustics in magnetostrictive materials." Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1044/document.
Full textWith the advent of femtosecond lasers it became possible to measure how femtosecond optical demagnetization can probe the exchange interaction in ferromagnetic metals. Laser-induced demagnetization of materials with strong magneto-elastic coupling should lead to the release of its build-in strains, thus to the generation of both longitudinal (L) and shear (S) acoustic waves. In this thesis, generation of shear picosecond acoustic pulses in strongly magnetostrictive materials such as Terfenol is processed analytically and shown experimentally. In case of Terfenol with strong magneto-crystalline anisotropy, laser induced demagnetostriction is responsible for S excitation. First, the phenomenological model of direct magnetostriction in a Terfenol monocrystalline film is developed. The shear strain generation efficiency strongly depends on the orientation of the film magnetization. Time-resolved linear MOKE pump-probe experiments show that transient laser-induced release of the magnetoelastic strains lead to the excitation of GHz L and S acoustic waves. These results are the first experimental observation of picosecond shear acoustic wave excitation by laser-induced demagnetostriction mechanism. Second, the interaction of an optically generated L acoustic pulse with the magnetization of a Terfenol thin film is reported. Arrival of the picosecond strain wave alters a change of its magnetization and leads to acoustic mode conversion, which is another pathway of shear acoustic wave generation. The frequency bandwidth of the generated acoustic pulses matches the demagnetization timescale and lies in the range of several hundreds of GHz, close to 1 THz
Merodio, Camara Pablo. "Spin dependent transport in antiferro and ferrimagnetic nanostructures." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY072/document.
Full textSpin transfer torque (STT) and tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) in magnetic tunnel junctions with ferromagnetic (F) leads are two essential underlying phenomena of modern spintronics. We present here a theoretical study of STT in antiferromagnet (AF) based tunnel junctions, where two AF metal electrodes are separated by a thin nonmagnetic insulating barrier. In particular, the behaviour of STT and TMR in epitaxial AF-based tunnel junctions is investigated using tight binding calculations in the framework of the Keldysh formalism. The spatial distribution of the STT out-of-plane component is found to be staggered, similar to the in-plane component. This behaviour is specific to the use of a tunnel barrier and significantly differs from the out-of-plane torques reported in previous works using a metallic spacer. Additionally, we show that unlike conventional ferromagnetic-based tunnel junctions, the TMR can increase with applied bias and reach values comparable to typical magnetoresistances found for usual spin valves.Next, the analysis carried out for AFs is extended to ferrimagnets (FI), for which AFs constitute simpler limiting cases. The additional magnetic complexity inherent to FI materials yields to a richer physics concerning the STT spatial behaviour in FI based tunnel junctions.Electronic structure parameters such as band widths and exchange splittings of the FI are shown to have a strong influence on STT. In particular, the STT spatial distribution within the leads exhibits a striking spin-modulated wave-like behaviour resulting from the interplay between the exchange splittings of the two FI sublattices. This wave-like behaviour can also be tuned via the applied voltage across the junction. Furthermore, the fundamental intrinsic parameter for quantifying STT characteristic lengths in FI metals is identified. This fundamental parameter can be considered as an effective exchange field in FIs, similar to the homogeneous exchange field in the F case.Finally, the STT characteristic lengths in AF materials are investigated experimentally. Here, room temperature critical depths and absorption mechanisms of spin currents in Ir20Mn80 and Fe50Mn50 are determined by F-resonance and spin pumping. In particular, room temperature critical depths are observed to be originated from different absorption mechanisms: dephasing for Ir20Mn80 and spin flipping for Fe50Mn50
Lahyaoui, Otmane. "Contribution to the study of magnetostrictive energy conversion : from material to device." Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2472.
Full textIn this era of all-electric, the demand for electrical technology is clearly increasing in several sectors (automotive, rail and aeronautics). Unfortunately, magnetic noise and vibrations originating from these technologies remain a worrying issue in these means of transport, thus disrupting passenger comfort. Knowing that the operation of these electrical devices such as motors, generators and transformers relies largely on ferromagnetic materials, the main noise sources are magnetostriction and magnetic forces. The thesis works discussed in this manuscript aim to improve the current knowledge on the magnetic and magnetostrictive properties of ferromagnetic materials (NO Fe-3% Si) in a perspective of understanding and control of their behavior under different solicitations (mechanical stress, frequencies ...). The presented study offers a complete investigation approach from the material to the electrical device. A first experimental part presents the magnetic and magneto-elastic characterizations carried out on magnetic sheets and on a laminated structure. A study on the magnetic resonance induced by the magnetostriction including on an experimental modal analysis is presented as well. A second part deals with the modeling of the magneto-elastic behavior of magnetostriction and its integration into a finite element tool to predict the impact of the magnetostriction on a more complex structure than simple electrical sheet. Finally, a study of a possible interaction of magnetostriction with magnetic forcesis described with a comparison of simulation results with an analytical method and experimental measurements
Pennec, Yan. "Dynamique de l'aimantation : d'un film simple aux systèmes couplés." Phd thesis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008241.
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