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1

Brunet, C., and N. Chevalier. "Couple infertile." Annales d'Endocrinologie 73, no. 4 (2012): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2012.07.039.

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ATA, NABEELA. "INFERTILE COUPLE;." Professional Medical Journal 15, no. 03 (2008): 341–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2008.15.03.2816.

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. Tuberculosis is prevalent in Pakistan and is a major community health problem. There is increasein female genital tuberculosis along with increasing prevalence of pulmonary and pelvic tuberculosis. Over the spanof 7 years, 500 infertile couples were investigated. Initial investigations were, husbands semen analysis and for femalepartner ESR and tuberculin test. Tuberculin test was positive in 70% of the patients. Anti Tuberculosis Therapy (ATT)was given for 4-6 months. Hystero-salpingography (HSG) was done after the ATT, HSG with normal findings wasproceeded with induction of ovulation, 80% of the couples conceived among those with normal semen analysis.
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Patil, Alka, Bhagyashree Badade, and Sayli Thavare. "Counseling Infertile Couple: Review Series 1." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 4 (P-2) (2019): 637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijog.2321.1636.7419.11.

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4

Jones, Howard W., and James P. Toner. "The Infertile Couple." New England Journal of Medicine 329, no. 23 (1993): 1710–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199312023292307.

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Vazirnia, Fatemeh, Javad Karimi, Kourosh Goodarzi, and Masoud Sadeghi. "Effects of Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy on Infertility Self-efficacy, Dyadic Adjustment, and Sexual Satisfaction in Infertile Couples." Journal of Client-Centered Nursing Care 7, no. 1 (2121): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jccnc.7.1.354.1.

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Background: Given the rising rate of infertility, the prevalence of mental health disorders in infertile couples is undeniable. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) on infertility self-efficacy, dyadic adjustment, and sexual satisfaction in infertile couples. Methods: The present single-case experimental study used a multiple-baseline design. The statistical population of the study included all infertile couples referring to infertility centers in Ahvaz City, Iran, in 2019. The research instruments included the Infertility Self-Efficacy Scale (ISE), the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), and the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ). Following a diagnostic interview, 3 couples were selected using the convenience sampling technique. Integrative behavioral couple therapy was conducted in twelve 120-minute sessions for the intervention group. The second couple entered the study in the second session of the first couple; the third couple enrolled the treatment plan in the third session of the first couple and the second session of the second couple. All questionnaires were completed in the first, third, sixth, eighth, and tenth sessions; the study participants were followed up and re-assessed two months later. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS using chart analysis, reliable change index, and significance statistics. Results: The provided IBCT increased infertility self-efficacy (39.04%), dyadic adjustment (25.91%), and sexual satisfaction (55.01%) in infertile couples. Besides, the improvement lasted throughout the follow-up which indicated the effectiveness of IBCT on infertility self-efficiency, dyadic adjustment, and sexual satisfaction in the study subjects. Conclusion: IBCT can be effective in improving personal and marital variables in infertile couples with infertility problems in addition to their marital problems.
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Stammer, Heike, Tewes Wischmann, and Rolf Verres. "Counseling and Couple Therapy for Infertile Couples*." Family Process 41, no. 1 (2002): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2002.40102000111.x.

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7

Novrika, Bri. "HUBUNGAN BUDAYA MASYARAKAT DENGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN PADA PASANGAN INFERTIL DI RSIA ANNISA JAMBI TAHUN 2015." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 18, no. 1 (2018): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v18i1.444.

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Differences in the culture of patriarchal or matriarchal society can influence the way people view the couple with infertility problems and the importance of the existence of children in a family. This study aims to determine the relationship between the culture of the community with anxiety levels in infertile couples at RSIA Annisa Jambi. The type of this study was cross sectional, with a sample of 76 female infertile couples who experienced anxiety with total sampling technique. Data analysis with chi square test. The result of this research shows that there is a cultural relation (p = 0,000) with anxiety level on infertile couple. It is expected that hospitals providing infertility treatment services to provide therapy through psychiatric nursing psychoeducation therapy and / or supportive therapy to infertile couples so as to assist in minimizing the anxiety experienced and support the treatment program undergone infertile couples.Keyword : Community culture, Anxiety, Infertile couples
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8

Salama, S., C. Muratorio, A. Torre, B. Paillusson, and R. Wainer. "Exploration du couple infertile." EMC - Traité de médecine AKOS 6, no. 1 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1634-6939(11)45153-x.

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9

Brzakowski, M., E. Lourdel, R. Cabry, et al. "Épidémiologie du couple infertile." Journal de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Biologie de la Reproduction 38 (January 2009): F3—F7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0368-2315(09)70226-1.

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10

Weinshel, Margot. "Treating an infertile couple." Family Systems Medicine 8, no. 3 (1990): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0089129.

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Ghavi, Fatemeh, Safieh Jamale, Leili Mosalanejad, and Zahra Mosallanezhad. "A Study of Couple Burnout in Infertile Couples." Global Journal of Health Science 8, no. 4 (2015): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p158.

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<p><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Infertility is a major crisis that can cause psychological problems and emotionally distressing experiences, and eventually affect a couples' relationship. The objective of this study is to investigate couple burnout in infertile couples who were undergoing treatmentat the Infertility Clinic of Yazd, Iran.</p> <p><strong>METHOD: </strong>The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive one on 98 infertile couples referringto the Infertility Centerof Yazd, Iran, who were chosen on a simple random sampling basis. The measuring tools consisted of the Couple Burnout Measure (CBM) and a demographic questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 16 and the statistical tests of ANOVA and t-test.P-values less than 0.05 were considered as significant.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The results show that infertile women experience higher levels of couple burnout than their husbands (p<0.001). Also, a comparison of the scales of couple burnout—psychological burnout (p<0.01), somatic burnout (p<0.01), and emotional burnout (p<0.001)—between wives and husbands show that women are at greater risk.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Infertile couples' emotional, mental, and sexual problems need to be addressed as part of the infertility treatment programs, and psychotherapists should be included in the medical team.</p>
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12

Makwe, Christian Chigozie, Aloy Okechukwu Ugwu, Rufus Wale Ojewola, and Chigozie Innocent Onyeze. "Seminal fluid parameters of male partners of infertile couples seeking care at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 4 (2021): 1347. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20211109.

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Background: Seminal fluid analysis is essential in the evaluation of the male partner of infertile couple. Available data suggest an increase in male-related factors among infertile couples seeking fertility treatment. Seminal fluid analysis performed using standardized methods can identify several causes of male-factor infertility. The latest World Health Organization (2010) guidelines for the laboratory examination and processing of human semen allows for standardization and identification of the possible causes of male-factor infertility. This study aimed to determine the pattern of seminal fluid analysis of male partners of infertile couple presenting to the fertility (gynaecological and urological) clinics of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH).Methods: This was a retrospective study of the semen parameters of male partners of infertile couple that were evaluated at LUTH, from January 2018 to December 2019. The medical records of all male partners of infertile couples who had seminal fluid analysis were reviewed and the relevant seminal fluid parameters were collected using a standardized questionnaire.Results: A total of 604 male partners of couples with infertility sought fertility treatment during the study period. Out of the 604, 502 (83.1%) of the participants had complete seminal fluid result and these data were included in final analysis. The mean (SD) age of subjects was 42.1 (7.7) years. About three-quarter (73.1%) of the subjects have abnormal semen parameters. The most frequent semen abnormality was asthenozoospermia (55.8%) followed by oligozoospermia (39.4%).Conclusions: Male factor is still common cause of infertility among infertile couple seeking treatment in our environment.
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13

Swerdloff, Ronald S., Christina Wang, and Fouad R. Kandeel. "Evaluation of the Infertile Couple." Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 17, no. 2 (1988): 301–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8529(18)30423-7.

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14

Zouves, Christos. "Assessment of the Infertile Couple." Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 9, no. 1 (1998): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1051-0443(98)70041-7.

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15

Dunphy, Bruce, and Anthony Pattinton. "Investigation of the Infertile Couple." Journal SOGC 17, no. 8 (1995): 775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0849-5831(16)30751-0.

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16

Seaman, E. K. "Evaluation of the infertile couple." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 275, no. 3 (1996): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.275.3.185.

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17

Seaman, Eric K. "Evaluation of the Infertile Couple." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 275, no. 3 (1996): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1996.03530270025019.

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18

Fatum, Mohammad, Neri Laufer, and Alex Simon. "Investigation of the infertile couple." Human Reproduction 17, no. 1 (2002): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/17.1.1.

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19

Hammond, Mary G. "Evaluation of the Infertile Couple." Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 14, no. 4 (1987): 821–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8545(21)00590-8.

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20

Novrika, Bri. "Hubungan mekanisme koping dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasangan infertil di RSIA Annisa Jambi tahun 2015." Riset Informasi Kesehatan 6, no. 2 (2018): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.30644/rik.v6i2.97.

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Anxiety can be an important factor in the decision to seek, continue, or stop the treatment of infertility. The anxiety level of the infertile couple varies and is influenced by coping and adjustment mechanisms. This study aims to determine the relationship of coping mechanism with anxiety level in infertile couples at RSIA Annisa Jambi.The type of this study was cross sectional, with a sample of 76 female infertile couples who experienced anxiety with total sampling technique. Data analysis with chi square test.The result of this research is correlation of coping mechanism (p = 0,000) with anxiety level on infertile couple.It is expected that hospitals providing infertility treatment services to provide therapy through psychiatric nursing psychoeducation therapy and / or supportive therapy to infertile couples so as to assist in minimizing the anxiety experienced and support the treatment program undergone infertile couples
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21

Levakov, S. A., S. A. Pavlova, T. I. Bugrova, and A. G. Kedrova. "MODERN LOOK AT INFERTILE MARRIAGES." Journal of Clinical Practice 1, no. 3 (2010): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/clinpract1392-97.

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Infertility is a common clinical and a public problem. It affects 13% to 15% of couples worldwide. Today, many patients do not receive the recommended medical care that based on the best available evidence. This paper, as a comprehensive review, deploys a new strategy to translate the research findings and evidence-based recommendations into a simplified focused guide to be applied on routine daily practice. It is an approach to disseminate the recommended medical care of infertile couple to the practicing clinicians. According to the literature survey, the most common causes of infertility are: male factor such as sperm abnormalities, female factor such as ovulation dysfunction and tubal pathology, combined male and female factors and unexplained infertility; where no obvious cause could be detected. Treatment begins with the reasons for having a high priority. Initially eliminate anatomical changes, then the functionality. The paper presents a clinical case of successful pregnancy after combined treatment of the couple.
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P, Dr Lekshmi Ammal. "Abnormalities in Semen Analysis among Male Partners of Infertile Couple." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 05, no. 03 (2017): 19395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i3.169.

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23

Blackwell, Richard E., Bruce R. Carr, R. Jeffrey Chang, et al. "Are we exploiting the infertile couple?" Fertility and Sterility 48, no. 5 (1987): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59521-1.

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24

Gaunt, ML, and I. Beck. "Imaging Management of the Infertile Couple." BMUS Bulletin 4, no. 1 (1996): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742271x9600400102.

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25

Collins, John A. "Evaluation of the Infertile Couple-Reply." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 275, no. 3 (1996): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1996.03530270025020.

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26

Kabra, S. G. "The Plight of an Infertile Couple." Journal of Health Management 4, no. 1 (2002): 79–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097206340200400108.

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27

Covington, Sharon N. "Psychosocial Evaluation of the Infertile Couple:." Journal of Social Work & Human Sexuality 6, no. 1 (1988): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j291v06n01_03.

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28

Sa’adah, Najakhatus, and Windhu Purnomo. "Karakteristik dan Perilaku Berisiko Pasangan Infertil di Klinik Fertilitas dan Bayi Tabung Tiara Cita Rumah Sakit Putri Surabaya." Jurnal Biometrika dan Kependudukan 5, no. 1 (2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbk.v5i1.2016.61-69.

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Infertility is a condition in which someone unable to conceive and give birth after one year of regular coital activity without contraception. The aim of this study was to describe respondents characteristic of infertile couple and risk factors of the incidence of infertility, which are smoking, alcohol consumption and obesity on the incidence of infertility. This study used descriptive analysis method. Sample of this study were all patients of infertile couples in the Fertility Clinic and In Vitro Fertilization Tiara Cita during the period from November to December 2015. They were 83 couples as the samples. The data of this study were collected from questionnaires as primary data and general at clinic as secondary data. Analysis of data through cross tabulation. The results showed that respondents was conduct risk behavior (39,8 percent ) to smoke, alcohol consumption (27,7 percent), and obesity (40,9 percent). Based on this data showed that the majority of couples infertil at the clinic was behave that the risk is one factor of infertility. The need for increased knowledge about risk factors and for couples who had obesity to applied a pattern of a healthy diet by keeping weight ideal.
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Murphy, Timothy F. "Response to “Cloning and Infertility” by Carson Strong (CQ Vol 7, No 3)." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 8, no. 3 (1999): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180199003138.

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Carson Strong has argued that if human cloning were safe it should be available to some infertile couples as a matter of ethics and law. He holds that cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) should be available as a reproductive option for infertile couples who could not otherwise have a child genetically related to one member of the couple. In this analysis, Strong overlooks an important category of people to whom his argument might apply, couples he has not failed to consider elsewhere. In this discussion, however, Strong refers exclusively to opposite sex couples facing obstacles such as surgically removed ovaries and the inability to produce sperm. In fact, however, there are many adult couples who, while fertile in and of themselves, are not fertile as couples. This group includes not only opposite sex couples but coupled same sex partners as well. I believe the defenses Strong offers regarding the use of SCNT by opposite sex infertile couples would extend to same sex couples for two reasons. First, some same sex couples might face the inability to have a genetically related child, and second, Strong's arguments ultimately ground a general defense of SCNT independent of the question of a couple's fertility.
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Quattrini, F., M. Ciccarone, F. Tatoni, and G. Vittori. "Évaluation psychologique et sexologique du couple infertile." Sexologies 19, no. 1 (2010): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2009.06.009.

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31

Van Voorhis, Bradley J., Dale W. Stovall, Brian D. Allen, and Craig H. Syrop. "Cost-effective treatment of the infertile couple." Fertility and Sterility 70, no. 6 (1998): 995–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00341-0.

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32

Twining, Peter. "Book Review: Imaging of the Infertile Couple." BMUS Bulletin 11, no. 2 (2003): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742271x0301100206.

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33

Bowers, Nancy A. "Early Pregnancy Loss in the Infertile Couple." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 14 (November 1985): S55—S57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1985.tb02801.x.

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34

Forti, G. "Evaluation and Treatment of the Infertile Couple." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 83, no. 12 (1998): 4177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.83.12.4177.

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35

Dudkiewicz-Sibony, Charlotte. "Le couple infertile. Entre biologie et psychisme." Gynécologie Obstétrique & Fertilité 40, no. 9 (2012): 520–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gyobfe.2012.07.026.

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36

Hamilton, Mark P. R. "The initial assessment of the infertile couple." Current Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2, no. 1 (1992): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0957-5847(92)90003-t.

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37

Jacobs, Laurence A. "Initial Clinical Survey of the Infertile Couple." Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 15, no. 3 (1988): 575–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0095-4543(21)01277-x.

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38

Zaidouni, Asmaa, Fatima Ouasmani, Amal Benbella, Fouad Ktiri, Zakaria Abidli, and Rachid Bezad. "What are the needs of infertile Moroccan couples in Assisted Reproductive Technology?: Exploratory qualitative study in the first fertility public center in Morocco." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 19, no. 4 (2020): 697–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v19i4.46628.

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Context: Infertility is one of the most painful experiences that can have a negative impact in many areas of an individual’s life. Providing quality care to infertile couples requires health professionals to explore their experiences and needs to plan effective supportive interventions.
 Objectives: To explore the experiences and needs of Moroccan infertile couples in Assisted Reproductive Technology.
 Material and Methods: This is a qualitative exploratory study. It involves 40 infertile couples (men and women) and 5 health professionals as key informants. Infertile couples were selected among those attending the first public center for Assisted Reproductive Technology in Morocco located in Rabat during the period 2017-2018. In-depth unstructured interviews, field notes were used with couples and semi-structured interviews with health professionals. The analysis of the interview data was based on a conventional content analysis method.
 Results: Five types of needs were identified among infertile Moroccan couples, namely: i. Infertility and social support; ii. Infertility and financial support; iii. Infertility and spiritual support; iv. Infertility and informational support; v. Infertility and emotional support.
 Conclusion: Infertile moroccan couples experienced many emotional, psychosocial and economic difficulties that can negatively affect their quality of life. Thus, to meet the needs and expectations of these couples alongside their medical treatment, it’s necessary to develop couple-centered approaches, which can improve their quality of life, treatment outcomes and mitigate negative psychosocial consequences.
 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(4) 2020 p.697-704
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Sayadi, Masomeh, Saeed Shahhosseini tazik, Yaser Madani, and Masoud Gholamali lavasani. "The Effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy on Marital Commitment and Couple Burnout in Infertile Couples." Journal of Education and Community Health 4, no. 3 (2017): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21859/jech.4.3.26.

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40

Irfan, SM Nurul, Md Mahbubur Rahman, Sangita Mithun, SM Yasir Arafat, and Farzana Zafreen. "Psychological State of Selected Infertile Couples of Bangladesh." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 14, no. 1 (2019): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v14i1.42720.

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Introduction: Infertility is an increasingly prevalent condition which causes considerable psychological problems among infertile couples.
 Objective: To assess the psychological state of infertility in terms of depression, anxiety and stress among the infertile couples of Bangladesh.
 Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the fertility centre of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka from January to July 2018 among purposively selected 112 infertile couple. Data were collected by face to face interview through a pretested semi-structured Bangla questionnaire of Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale and analyzed by computer software SPSS 19.0.
 Results: Among the 112 infertile couples, depression was found among 54.5%, anxiety among 53.6% and stress in 30.4% of females. Whereas among males depression was found in 38.4%, anxiety 26.8% and stress 21.4%. This study also revealed that couples with primary infertility had more depression, anxiety and stress than others.
 Conclusion: Females have been psychologically more affected than their husbands due to infertility. More than half of the females had depression and anxiety and about one third was affected by stress which was higher than their husbands.
 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 41-45
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41

Fayyaz, Asiya, Shagufta Tabassum, and Saima Yasmin Qadir. "Frequency of male factor and abnormalities of semen analysis in infertile couple." Professional Medical Journal 27, no. 07 (2020): 1454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.07.4280.

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Infertility is global health issue. Male factor contribute to infertility in more than half of sub fertile couples. Their diagnosis is easy by simple test of husband semen analysis. This study has been designed to know the contribution of male factor and frequency of abnormalities of semen in infertile couple. Objectives: To determine the frequency of male factor in infertile couple and to evaluate the different abnormalities in semen. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: From January 2019 to June 2019. Material & Methods: Study started after taking approval from hospital ethical committee. Study included 200 subfertile couples after informed consent attending the outpatient department. The partner of female attending the fertility clinic between ages 20-40 were selected. History taken from female partner regarding age, duration of subfertility, type of subfertility any drug intake and medical illness of male. Result: Among 200 couples 64(32%) had abnormal semen parameters.24 had oligospermia. Eight had azoospermia and 60 had asthenospermia. 20 patients had teratospermia. Conclusion: Male factor is significant contributor of infertility therefore awareness is needed in order to engage more males partner in evaluation and management of infertility.
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Marshburn, Paul B. "Counseling and Diagnostic Evaluation for the Infertile Couple." Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 42, no. 1 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2014.10.001.

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43

Quattrini, F., M. Ciccarone, F. Tatoni, and G. Vittori. "Psychological and sexological assessment of the infertile couple." Sexologies 19, no. 1 (2010): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2009.06.008.

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44

Pook, Martin, Bernd Röhrle, Brunna Tuschen-Caffier, and Walter Krause. "Why do infertile males use psychological couple counselling?" Patient Education and Counseling 42, no. 3 (2001): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0738-3991(00)00127-0.

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45

Ludwig, M., and K. Diedrich. "The infertile couple – The future of assisted fertilization." Der Gynäkologe 33, no. 2 (2000): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001290050024.

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46

Brown, Haywood L. "Preconceptional Considerations and Counseling for the Infertile Couple." North Carolina Medical Journal 70, no. 5 (2009): 463–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18043/ncm.70.5.463.

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47

Dhaliwal, Lakhbir K., and Smita Sinha. "Determinants of Successful Outcome in Couples Consulting Infertility Clinic—Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India: A Record-based Analysis." Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research 48, no. 4 (2014): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1125.

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ABSTRACT Objective To identify the factors determining the successful outcome in infertile cases reporting to infertility clinic at a tertiary hospital, Chandigarh, India. Design Retrospective record based analysis. Setting and records The records of all 2049 patients registered with infertility clinic over the period of 5 years from January 2002 to December 2006 were included for the analysis. Data regarding sociodemographic details, personal history, menstrual history of female, obstetrics history, Past medical and surgical history of couple; gynecological disorder, husband's sexual disorder, details of investigation and treatment received by couple and its outcome were retrieved from the records. Logistic regression model was used to reveal the most important determinants of successful outcome in infertile couples. Results The conception rate was twice among younger women (≤ 30 years) compared to older than 30 years. The couples with shorter duration of infertility (≤ 3 years) were more than twice likely to conceive compared to those with duration longer than 3 years. Normal semen analysis findings in men and absence of any demonstrable cause of infertility in women were also found to be favorable predictor of treatment outcome among infertile couples. Conclusion Our finding can help couples and clinicians in charting out the workup and counseling plan for individual couples. However, further studies are needed to validate the model developed in study. How to cite this article Dhaliwal LK, Singh A, Sinha S. Determinants of Successful Outcome in Couples Consulting Infertility Clinic—Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India: A Record-based Analysis. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2014;48(4):164-170.
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Balasch, J. "Investigation of the infertile couple: Investigation of the infertile couple in the era of assisted reproductive technology: a time for reappraisal." Human Reproduction 15, no. 11 (2000): 2251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/15.11.2251.

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Shahhossiani Tajik, Saeed, Masoumah Sayyadi, and Najmeh Taheri. "Marital Commitment and Relationship Quality in Fertile and Infertile Couples." Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences 25, no. 3 (2019): 184–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/hms.25.3.184.

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Aims Infertility is among the main problems in a marriage. It is associated with various psychological consequences, including the inability to establish a quality couple relationship as well as an unstable marital commitment. The present study aimed to investigate marital commitment and the relationship quality in fertile and infertile couples in 2016-2017. Methods & Materials This was an analytical cohort study. The statistical population consisted of all couples admitting to Sarem subspecialty Hospital in 2016. Two hundred people (96 infertile, 104 fertile) have been randomly selected as the samples. The completed the marital commitment and the relation to quality scales. After checking the normality of the data, the statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Student t-test, and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Findings The obtained data revealed a significant positive association between marital commitment and relationship quality in fertile and infertile couples (r=0.27 and r=0.18, respectively) (P<0.05). However, this association was stronger in the fertile couples, compared with the infertile ones (relationship quality and marital commitment: P<0.0121 and P<0.0416, respectively). Moreover, the Student t-test and MANOVA results indicated significant differences in relationship quality and marital commitment between the two groups (P<0.0001 and P<0.002, respectively). Conclusion Infertility reduces couples’ commitment and negatively affects the quality of their relationships.
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Ali, Mohammad, Mushtaq Ahmad, Md Mahmudul Haque, and Jinnatul Airin. "A Socio-demographic Survey on Infertile Couples of Selected Villages in Dhaka." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 11, no. 1 (2016): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v11i1.30664.

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Introduction: Infertility is a public health issue; it is defined as not having conceived after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse. In developing countries, there are severe social, psychological and economic consequences for infertile men and women.Objectives: This study was designed to find out socio-demographic attributes and treatment seeking pattern about the infertile couple (either of the couple).Materials and Methods: This survey was carried out in some selected villages of Ashulia, Saturia and Baliati of Dhamrai Upazilla in Dhaka. A total of 52 couples were included in the study. Purposive sampling technique was adopted. Couple who gave consent to participate in the study was interviewed. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the relevant information. Data were analyzed later on.Results: Among husbands 18(34.6%) were between age 40-49 years, 16(30.8%) were in the age group 30-39 years, 14(26.9%) were in the age group 20-29 years. Regarding age of the wives, majority, 32(61.5%) were in the age group 20-29 years, 14(26.9%) had age 30-39 years and rest 6(11.6%) were in the age group 40-49 years. About education of the husbands it was seen that 20(38.5%) passed SSC, 14(26.9%) had education from class VI to class X and 6(11.5%) were illiterates. Among wives, 32(61.4%) had education on class VI to class X, 10(19.2%) had primary level of education, 4(7.7%) were illiterates. Thirty four (65.4%) couples lived in nuclear families, 16(30.8%) were joint families and the rest 2(3.8%) were extended families. Twenty eight (53.8%) of the couples had marital life >10 years, 20(38.5%) had 6-10 years and the rest 4(7.7%) had marital life of 1-5 years. About 16(31%) had monthly income 5001-10000 taka, 10(19.2%) had 15001-20000 taka, another 10(19.2% had >20000 taka, 16(30.8%) had 5001-10000 taka and 2(3.8%) had monthly income upto 5000 taka. Twenty (38%) husband were involved in business and 44(76%) wives are house wives. Thirty two (61.5%) couple used contraceptives. Forty two (80.8/%) couples sought for treatment.Conclusion: In developing countries, Infertility has profound effects on individuals as the production of children is often highly socially valued and is vital for social security and for family income generation. National level active planning is needed to overcome this social problem.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(1) 2015: 25-29
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