Relevant bibliographies by topics / Coupled human and natural systems

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Coupled human and natural systems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Coupled human and natural systems"

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Liu, Jianguo, Thomas Dietz, Stephen R. Carpenter, Carl Folke, Marina Alberti, Charles L. Redman, Stephen H. Schneider, et al. "Coupled Human and Natural Systems." AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 36, no. 8 (December 2007): 639–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[639:chans]2.0.co;2.

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Chen, Jiquan. "Coupled Human and Natural Systems." BioScience 65, no. 6 (May 25, 2015): 539–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biv066.

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Liu, J., T. Dietz, S. R. Carpenter, M. Alberti, C. Folke, E. Moran, A. N. Pell, et al. "Complexity of Coupled Human and Natural Systems." Science 317, no. 5844 (September 14, 2007): 1513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1144004.

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An, Li, and David López-Carr. "Understanding human decisions in coupled natural and human systems." Ecological Modelling 229 (March 2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.10.023.

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Ferraro, Paul J., James N. Sanchirico, and Martin D. Smith. "Causal inference in coupled human and natural systems." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 12 (August 20, 2018): 5311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805563115.

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Coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) are complex, dynamic, interconnected systems with feedback across social and environmental dimensions. This feedback leads to formidable challenges for causal inference. Two significant challenges involve assumptions about excludability and the absence of interference. These two assumptions have been largely unexplored in the CHANS literature, but when either is violated, causal inferences from observable data are difficult to interpret. To explore their plausibility, structural knowledge of the system is requisite, as is an explicit recognition that most causal variables in CHANS affect a coupled pairing of environmental and human elements. In a large CHANS literature that evaluates marine protected areas, nearly 200 studies attempt to make causal claims, but few address the excludability assumption. To examine the relevance of interference in CHANS, we develop a stylized simulation of a marine CHANS with shocks that can represent policy interventions, ecological disturbances, and technological disasters. Human and capital mobility in CHANS is both a cause of interference, which biases inferences about causal effects, and a moderator of the causal effects themselves. No perfect solutions exist for satisfying excludability and interference assumptions in CHANS. To elucidate causal relationships in CHANS, multiple approaches will be needed for a given causal question, with the aim of identifying sources of bias in each approach and then triangulating on credible inferences. Within CHANS research, and sustainability science more generally, the path to accumulating an evidence base on causal relationships requires skills and knowledge from many disciplines and effective academic-practitioner collaborations.
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Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, and J. M. Grove. "Biocomplexity in Coupled Natural–Human Systems: A Multidimensional Framework." Ecosystems 8, no. 3 (April 2005): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-004-0098-7.

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McPEAK, JOHN G., DAVID R. LEE, and CHRISTOPHER B. BARRETT. "Introduction: The dynamics of coupled human and natural systems." Environment and Development Economics 11, no. 1 (January 30, 2006): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x05002664.

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This essay introduces a special section of this issue containing a set of papers on the dynamics of coupled human and natural systems. We frame this introduction by setting out some of the major issues confronting researchers who wish to incorporate both economic and biophysical dynamics in their analysis. We contrast the three papers contained in this section in terms of how they respond to these different issues. We conclude that these papers provide important new insights on both how to model and analyze dynamic coupled human and natural systems and how to define policies that will lead to improved human well being and environmental conditions.
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JOHNSTON, FAY, and DAVID BOWMAN. "Bushfire Smoke: An Exemplar of Coupled Human and Natural Systems." Geographical Research 52, no. 1 (September 10, 2013): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-5871.12028.

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Yang, Zhifeng, and Shikui Dong. "Understanding coupled human and natural systems in a changing world." Frontiers of Earth Science in China 4, no. 1 (January 2, 2010): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11707-010-0003-y.

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Monticino, Michael, Miguel Acevedo, Baird Callicott, Travis Cogdill, and Christopher Lindquist. "Coupled human and natural systems: A multi-agent-based approach." Environmental Modelling & Software 22, no. 5 (May 2007): 656–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2005.12.017.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Coupled human and natural systems"

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Weng, Weizhe. "Essays on Water Policy and Coupled Human and Natural Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102031.

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Human and freshwater ecosystems are intrinsically interconnected. To better design effective policies, modeling tools and valuation methods are necessary to help understanding the complex reciprocal linkages between ecosystem processes and human actions, and coupled human and natural systems (CNHS) sets up a critical paradigm to do so. It is thus of both academic and empirical appeal to integrate reliable economic valuation methods with tools and models from multiple disciplines in order to quantify the feedbacks between human and natural systems and to inform better policy design. Using freshwater resources as an example, this dissertation contains three essays which integrate natural science and economics models to understand how changes in human behavior and societal policies lead to changes in ecosystem services, and how changes in ecosystem services, in return, affect human decisions. The first two essays focus on agricultural nonpoint source pollution problems in United States and examines the impacts of potential water polices on both water polluters and water demanders. Specifically, in the first essay, a novel coupling between an ecological model of within-lake hydrodynamics and an economic model of hedonic property prices has been developed to quantify the connections between nutrient loading, lake water quality, and economic outcomes. Linking ecological processes with human decision-making provides a basis for enhanced evidence-based decision making in the context of reducing nonpoint-source pollution. In the second essay, an economic mathematical programming model is coupled with an agro-ecosystem model to investigate the behavioral adjustments and environmental pollution outcomes of water quality policies. A complete quantification of costs from all regulating sources are necessary to help pinpoint the efficient water policy design and reflecting the connection between human decisions and ecosystem processes. The third essay focus on the water quantity problem in another developed country, Australia. A discrete choice experiment method has been explored and used to provide estimates of willingness to pay for purchasing irrigation rights to restore a Ramsar-convention wetland. Water policy scenario described in this essay could directly affect the feedback between human and ecosystem processes and serve as a baseline for future planning and policy designs. By offering both conceptual and methodological advancements, this dissertation aims to improve the understanding of coupled human and natural systems and the implementation of water policies. This dissertation also provides a framework to establish multi-disciplinary dialogues and cooperation between scientists and economists in the search of efficient water polices.
Doctor of Philosophy
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Kalnicky, Emily A. "A Coupled Human and Natural Systems Approach to Understanding an Invasive Frog, Eleutherodactylus Coqui, in Hawaii." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1412.

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Human activities worldwide have altered nature in ways that create new combinations of species and environmental processes. To understand so-called "novel ecosystems" it is important to consider both the natural and the societal factors that shape them, and how those factors are interconnected or "coupled." We used such an approach to explore options for managing a non-native invasive frog, the coqui, which has become established on the island of Hawaii and threatens to spread to other parts of the state. The nighttime calls of the coqui create a nuisance for property owners when populations become dense enough, as often occurs in Hawaii where the frogs have no natural enemies. Humans have tried various ways to eliminate coqui on the island of Hawaii with little success. Therefore we studied how property owners cope with their presence, both through management practices and psychological coping strategies. We also examined results of those efforts. People whose properties had more frogs were more likely to take action to reduce their numbers, but also attitudes toward the coqui were less negative when people had grown used to having to share their properties with the frogs. For those who cannot cope psychologically, we found it would be possible to manage properties to reduce densities but only when leaf litter and low shrubs were completely removed from near a home. Information campaigns about managing coqui should be different when targeting people that already host frogs and those that do not.
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Laingen, Christopher R. "Complex feedbacks among human and natural systems and pheasant hunting in South Dakota, USA." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1352.

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Moriniere, Lezlie C. "A Well-Founded Fear? Tracing the Footprints of Environmentally Influenced Human Mobility." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145714.

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Humans have fled environmental degradation for many millennia. Due partially to climate change, environments across the world have often degraded to the point that they can no longer securely sustain livelihoods. Entire communities and households have been displaced by extreme, rapid or creeping disasters; during their flight, they have left footprints across the globe that merit tracing. Sometimes this mobility is forced and at other times it is purely voluntary; for both, the mobility has roots in a changing environment. The footprint of environmentally influenced mobility (EIM) was traced through a series of three independent but related studies. The first study gained foundational perspective through an exploration of connections between climate drivers and natural and human impacts of climate change. This inquiry sought to answer the question, "How important is human mobility in the greater scheme of changing environments and changing climate?" Human mobility was one among 15 different climate drivers and impacts studied; the connections between all of them were examined to enable a quantitative comparison of system susceptibility, driving force, tight coupling and complexity. While degradation was the most complex of all natural elements, mobility surfaced as the human system element exerting the greatest forcing on other elements within the coupled system. The next study focused only on human mobility to explore how scholarly literature portrayed the two possible directions of the link between mobility and degrading environments--with a particular focus on urbanization as one manifestation of the phenomenon. Type A links, in which human mobility triggers environmental degradation, are portrayed in the literature as often as Type B links, in which degrading environments trigger human mobility. Surprisingly, science has not lent support to urbanization being a result of environmental change; plausible reasons for this are discussed. The final study canvassed expert opinion to examine why no scientific, humanitarian or governmental entity has succeeded in providing systematic support (e.g.., policy and interventions) to populations enduring environmentally influenced mobility. Four very different discourses emerged: Determined Humanists, Benevolent Pragmatists, Cynical Protectionists and Critical Realists. The complexity these discourses manifest help explain the inaction--a stalemate between actors--while confirming the inappropriateness of one-sided terminology and linear quantifications of environmentally influenced mobility. The results of these three studies demonstrate that human mobility has unequivocally destructive force that can trigger non-linear effects, potentially casting the coupled system into an unprecedented state; that the visible lack of scholarly exploration of environmentally influenced urbanization (EIU) can be partially explained by high system complexity and disciplinary research; and most important, that despite diametrically opposed viewpoints, experts unanimously agree that human mobility has strong connections to environmental change. Together, the results merge to confirm a "well-founded fear" on the part of those who dwell in degrading environments, and to highlight a pressing need to offer solutions both to those who remain in such environments as well as a name and protected status to those who flee them.
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Liu, Hongxing. "Coupled Modeling of Economic – Hydrological Systems: Examining Spatial Heterogeneity in Water Quality Benefits and Optimal Agricultural Land Use Management in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1494006418870902.

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Scarrow, Ryan Matthew. "Hothouse Flowers: Water, the West, and a New Approach to Urban Ecology." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471483922.

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Leung, Tommy (Tommy Chun Ting). "Coupled natural gas and electric power systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98547.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 235-240).
Scarce pipeline capacity in regions that rely on natural gas technologies for electricity generation has created volatile prices and reliability concerns. Gas-fired generation firms uniquely operate as large consumers in the gas market and large producers in the electricity market. To explore the effects of this coupling, this dissertation investigates decisions for firms that own gas-fired power plants by proposing a mixed-integer linear programming model that explicitly represents multi-year pipeline capacity commit- ments and service agreements, annual forward capacity offers, annual maintenance schedules, and daily fuel purchases and electricity generation. This dissertation's primary contributions consist of a detailed representation of a gas-fired power-plant owner's planning problem; a hierarchical application of a state-based dimensionality reduction technique to solve the hourly unit commitment problem over different tem- poral scales; a technique to evaluate a firm's forward capacity market offer, including a probabilistic approach to evaluate the risk of forced outages; a case study of New England's gas-electricity system; and an exploration of the applicability of forward capacity markets to reliability problems for other basic goods.
by Tommy Leung.
Ph. D.
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Ojha, Abhi. "Coupled Natural Gas and Electric Power Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78666.

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Decreasing gas prices and the pressing need for fast-responding electric power generators are currently transforming natural gas networks. The intermittent operation of gas-fired plants to balance wind generation introduces spatiotemporal fluctuations of increasing gas demand. At the heart of modeling, monitoring, and control of gas networks is a set of nonlinear equations relating nodal gas injections and pressures to flows over pipelines. Given gas demands at all points of the network, the gas flow task aims at finding the rest of the physical quantities. For a tree network, the problem enjoys a closed-form solution; yet solving the equations for practical meshed networks is non-trivial. This problem is posed here as a feasibility problem involving quadratic equalities and inequalities, and is further relaxed to a convex semidefinite program (SDP) minimization. Drawing parallels to the power flow problem, the relaxation is shown to be exact if the cost function is judiciously designed using a representative set of network states. Numerical tests on a Belgian gas network corroborate the superiority of the novel method in recovering the actual gas network state over a Newton-Raphson solver. This thesis also considers the coupled infrastructures of natural gas and electric power systems. The gas and electric networks are coupled through gas-fired generators, which serve as shoulder and peaking plants for the electric power system. The optimal dispatch of coupled natural gas and electric power systems is posed as a relaxed convex minimization problem, which is solved using the feasible point pursuit (FPP) algorithm. For a decentralized solution, the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is used in collaboration with the FPP. Numerical experiments conducted on a Belgian gas network connected to the IEEE 14 bus benchmark system corroborate significant enhancements on computational efficiency compared with the centralized FPP-based approach.
Master of Science
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Deshpande, Amol Mukund. "Design Process to Integrate Natural and Human Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9679.

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After more than a century, there are very few examples of excellent interdisciplinary work in landscape architecture, like the "Emerald Necklace" designed by Frederick Law Olmsted or Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord by Peter Latz. Most of the projects still have only one purpose: they are either reserved for conservation as are the great national parks, or are planned for recreation or development that ignores natural systems. "Most...landscape designers are still inspired by and primarily focused on aesthetics; society's other major objectives are secondary for them" (Richard Forman 2002, p: 85). In 1993, American Society of Landscape Architects defined sustainable development as, "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the future." Thus designers need to understand how natural and human systems work and design for the protection of our environmental as an integral part of any development. Landscape architects can achieve this by borrowing principles of legendary works like the "Emerald Necklace" and combining those with new technology to meet changing cultural and ecological needs. This thesis asserts that sustainable development should be achieved by reconciling human systems and its effects on the surrounding environment by using and revealing natural systems to spread consciousness and earn attention and care for our environment. Suitability analysis by Ian McHarg, Bioregionalism by Clair Reiniger, Regenerative design process by Lyle, and Framework for ecological design by Prof. Carl Steinitz are various design processes to create developments, which can respond to both natural and human needs. The thesis project, Riverside Park and Biomedical Complex in the South Jefferson Redevelopment Area in Roanoke, VA, explores how a design process, consisted of framework for ecological design and principals of eco-revelatory design, can help to plan a sustainable development, which uses and reveals natural systems to reconciling human systems and its effects on the surrounding environment. The project demonstrates how a multidisciplinary approach towards landscape design can help to create a multifunctional design that meets the, ecological and cultural, needs of the present without compromising the future.
Master of Landscape Architecture
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Gupta, Aditi M. Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Human interaction & gait strategy with tightly-coupled lower-extremity systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130718.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, February, 2021
Cataloged from the official PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 133-148).
Interest in the use of exoskeletons (wearable robotic devices tightly-coupled to the user's body) for human gait augmentation has soared recently, with research flourishing in system design, control, and use efficacy. Use cases span many fields, from military (e.g. load carriage assistance) to medicine (e.g. gait rehabilitation or restoration) and industry (e.g. injury prevention). Evaluating the human factors of human-exoskeleton interaction is an essential step towards operationalization. Unexplained variation in gait strategy and adaptation observed across individual operators must be better understood to enable safe and effective exoskeleton use in real-life environments. Cognitive fit is an individuals' understanding and ability to operate a system. Exoskeletons and similar tightly-coupled lower-extremity (TCLE) systems entail new interaction modalities that may affect cognitive fit.
This thesis explores how cognitive factors and alternative interaction modalities impact individuals' gait and task performance. Two studies were conducted, one evaluating inhibitory control as measured by a modified Simon task using interaction modalities relevant to TCLE system use, i.e. tactile cues and lower-extremity responses. Second, the Human-Exoskeleton Strategy & Adaptation (HESA) study was implemented, in which individuals completed tasks assessing cognitive factors, i.e. inhibitory control and attention, then walked with an ankle exoskeleton. Evaluation of inhibitory control with tactile cues and lower-extremity responses resulted in slower response times and decreased response accuracy. A probe of attention in the HESA study, i.e. completion of a walking task on a self-paced treadmill, showed modified gait characteristics under increased attentional loads, particularly at slower walking speeds and with the addition of a secondary task.
Individualized variation in exoskeleton gait, quantified by spatiotemporal gait characteristics, was explicitly presented for the first time, showing that distinct individuals initially prioritize goals like stability and coordination with an ankle exoskeleton differently. Finally, select measures of cognitive function were found to be correlated to individuals' exoskeleton gait strategy. Individual differences in baseline factors like inhibitory control and ability to perform tasks under divided attention impact individuals' cognitive fit with exoskeleton systems. This individualized variation, as well as broader population patterns, should inform exoskeleton design and training by encouraging gait strategies that support desired exoskeleton use goals. For example, stroke patients using an exoskeleton to restore their gait and mitigate fall risk should prioritize stability during system use, while factory workers should prioritize system coordination to minimize injury risk.
This thesis provides foundational insights into human-exoskeleton interaction and gait strategy from a human factors perspective.
by Aditi Gupta.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology
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Books on the topic "Coupled human and natural systems"

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Armstrong, Winifred. The Paper trail: Connecting economic and natural systems. New York: The Sustainability Education Center, 1998.

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Developing natural language interfaces: Processing human conversations. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997.

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Curtis, Andrew. GIS, human geography, and disasters. San Diego, CA: University Readers, 2009.

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Natural and artificial intelligence: Processor systems compared to the human brain. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1986.

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Srivastav, Asheem. Ecological meltdown: Impact of unchecked human growth on the earth's natural systems. New Delhi: Teri Press, 2010.

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Dong, Shikui, Karim-Aly S. Kassam, Jean François Tourrand, and Randall B. Boone, eds. Building Resilience of Human-Natural Systems of Pastoralism in the Developing World. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30732-9.

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France) International Workshop on Spoken Dialog Systems (2012 Ermenonville. Natural interaction with robots, knowbots and smartphones: Putting spoken dialog systems into practice. Edited by Mariani Joseph. New York: Springer, 2014.

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Khlebopros, Rėm Grigorʹevich. Catastrophes in nature and society: Mathematical modeling of complex systems. Singapore: World Scientific, 2007.

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Catastrophes in nature and society: Mathematical modeling of complex systems. Singapore: World Scientific, 2007.

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Learning in natural and connectionist systems: Experiments and a model. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Coupled human and natural systems"

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Strohbach, Michael W., Paige S. Warren, and M. Nils Peterson. "Urban Wildlife Science in Coupled Human–Natural Systems." In Urban Wildlife, 33–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7500-3_3.

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Steel, Daniel. "Explanation and Intervention in Coupled Human and Natural Systems." In Explanation in the Special Sciences, 325–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7563-3_15.

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Crawford, Thomas W., and Deirdre Mageean. "A Coupled Natural and Human Systems Approach Toward Biodiversity: Reflections from Social Scientists." In Human Population, 225–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16707-2_12.

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Wimberly, Michael C., Terry L. Sohl, Zhihua Liu, and Aashis Lamsal. "Simulating Forest Landscape Disturbances as Coupled Human and Natural Systems." In Simulation Modeling of Forest Landscape Disturbances, 233–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19809-5_9.

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Boone, Randall B., and Carolyn K. Lesorogol. "Modeling Coupled Human–Natural Systems of Pastoralism in East Africa." In Building Resilience of Human-Natural Systems of Pastoralism in the Developing World, 251–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30732-9_7.

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King, Elizabeth G., and Nathan Nibbelink. "Challenges of Boundary Crossing in Graduate Training for Coupled Human-Natural Systems Research." In Collaboration Across Boundaries for Social-Ecological Systems Science, 227–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13827-1_7.

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Laborde, Sarah, Sui Chian Phang, and Mark Moritz. "Adapting to the Challenges of International and Interdisciplinary Research of Coupled Human and Natural Systems." In Collaboration Across Boundaries for Social-Ecological Systems Science, 79–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13827-1_3.

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Uchida, Emi, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Sara A. Ates, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Arthur J. Gold, Todd Guilfoos, Mario F. Hernandez, et al. "Collaborative Research Across Boundaries: Mangrove Ecosystem Services and Poverty Traps as a Coupled Natural-Human System." In Collaboration Across Boundaries for Social-Ecological Systems Science, 115–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13827-1_4.

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Pischke, Erin C., Z. Carter Berry, Randall K. Kolka, Jacob Salcone, Diana Córdoba, Xoco Shinbrot, Sergio Miguel López Ramirez, et al. "Lessons Learned About Collaborating Across Coupled Natural-Human Systems Research on Mexico’s Payments for Hydrological Services Program." In Collaboration Across Boundaries for Social-Ecological Systems Science, 35–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13827-1_2.

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Lam, Nina S. N., Y. Jun Xu, R. Kelley Pace, Kam-biu Liu, Yi Qiang, Siddhartha Narra, Thomas A. Bianchette, et al. "Collaboration Across Boundaries: Reflections on Studying the Sustainability of the Mississippi River Delta as a Coupled Natural-Human System." In Collaboration Across Boundaries for Social-Ecological Systems Science, 361–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13827-1_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Coupled human and natural systems"

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Cease, Arianne. "Locust migration in coupled natural human systems: Connecting soil nitrogen,outbreaks, livelihoods, and livestock markets." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.95168.

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Kamahara, Yuki, Hideki Aoyama, and Tetsuo Oya. "Emergence System of Pattern Design Showing Natural Impression." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71001.

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In recent years, design is becoming increasingly important due to advancement of product function, which makes it increasingly difficult to differentiate product quality. Coupled with the growing demands for shorter product development lead time, systems which can create design plans effectively at the initial stage of design are indispensable. The objective of this study is to develop a system which can create designs with natural impression by quantifying natural phenomenon, mainly pattern designs like polka dots and leaf designs. The authors constructed the system using a neural network simulating the structure of the human brain and genetic algorithms simulating the heredity of living things. The effectiveness of the system was validated by using it to create design examples.
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Lee, Sangyoon, Fredrik Eskilsson, and Perry Y. Li. "Multi Degree-of-Freedom Hydraulic Human Power Amplifier With Rendering of Assistive Dynamics." In ASME 2016 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2016-9781.

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The hydraulic human power amplifier (HPA) is a tool similar to exoskeleton that uses hydraulic actuation to amplify the applied human force. The control objective is to make the system behave like a passive mechanical tool that interacts with the human and the environment passively with a specified power scaling factor. In our previous work, a virtual velocity coordination approach recasts the single degree-of-freedom human power amplifier control problem into a velocity coordination with a fictitious reference mechanical system. Force amplification becomes a natural consequence of the velocity coordination. In this paper, this control approach is extended for fully coupled multi-DoF systems. A passivity based control approach that uses the natural energy storage of the hydraulic actuator to take full account of the nonlinear pressure dynamics is used to define the flow requirement. Additional passive assistance dynamics are designed and implemented to enable the user to perform specific tasks more easily. Guidance is achieved using a passive velocity field controller (PVFC), and obstacle avoidance is achieved using a potential field. Experimental results demonstrate good performance on a 2-DoF Human Power Amplifier.
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Glickson, Deborah, H. Tuba Ozkan-Haller, Gregory A. Carter, Just Cebrian, Robert A. Dalrymple, Jordan R. Fischbach, Jennifer L. Irish, et al. "UNDERSTANDING THE LONG-TERM EVOLUTION OF THE COUPLED NATURAL-HUMAN COASTAL SYSTEM: THE FUTURE OF THE U.S. GULF COAST." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-323812.

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Daepp, Hannes G., and Wayne J. Book. "Impedance Behavior of Controllers for Compliant Positioning of a Pneumatically Actuated System." In ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9691.

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Pneumatic actuators are frequently selected for use in machines intended for human interaction because of their clean operation and natural compliance. However, the compliance, coupled with friction, can also make motion control difficult, leading to the use of more aggressive controllers, such as high-gain PID or sliding mode control, which result in stiff closed-loop system behavior. Model-based options are needed to obtain behavior that provides a better trade-off of compliance and accurate position control. In particular, Model Predictive Control (MPC) is suggested; through the use of constrained optimal control, it offers a framework for minimizing tracking error while enforcing force constraints that ensure low impedance behavior. This paper assesses the suitability of controllers for pneumatic systems to positioning applications in which human-machine interaction is anticipated. MPC is compared against commonly-used alternatives for such scenarios: sliding mode, PID, and impedance control. Results are shown in simulation, and use spectral analysis of the impedance and closed loop tracking to characterize the balance of compliance and accuracy for each of the controllers.
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Potwar, Karna, Jeffrey Ackerman, and Justin Seipel. "Actuated Slip Model of Human Running With an Elastically-Suspended Load." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13612.

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An elastically-suspended load can reduce the peak forces acting on the body and the energetic cost of human walking compared to a rigidly-attached load. However, limited knowledge exists on how elastically-suspended loads affect the biomechanics of human running. We develop a variant of an Actuated SLIP (Spring Loaded Inverted Pendulum) model to analyze human running with an elastically-suspended load. This model consists of a suspended load attached to the body mass of an Actuated SLIP model with approximate human parameters. The model enables the investigation of the coupled dynamics of the load and the human body and shows that the stride frequency of running is affected by the load suspension stiffness. The model also shows that the peak forces of the load acting on the body are reduced compared to a rigidly-attached load when the load suspension stiffness is minimized. However, the energetic cost of running with an elastically-suspended load is shown to increase compared to a rigidly-attached load. Further, the peak forces and the energetic cost of running are maximized when the natural frequency of the load suspension is tuned near the stride frequency. This model could lead to a better understanding of human running with elastically-suspended loads and may enable the design of load suspension systems that are optimized to reduce stress on the human body while running with a load.
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Castro, Arnoldo, William Singhose, Xiaoshu Liu, Khalid Sorensen, and Eun Chan Kwak. "Modeling and Experimental Testing of Hoverboard Dynamic Behavior." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5269.

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Self-balancing human transporters are naturally unstable. However, when coupled with sophisticated control laws, these machines can provide mobility within a finite stability envelope. Challenging environmental conditions, or unanticipated operator action, can cause these machines to exhibit unexpected behavior. In an effort to better understand the behavior of these systems inside and outside the stability envelope, a dynamic model of a hoverboard is presented. Motion-capture data is also presented in which an operator’s interactions with the hoverboard were recorded.
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Wang, Jue, Longze Li, Chen Hu, and Wang Cong. "Extended Ultimate Response Measures for Offshore Nuclear Power Plant Under Barge-Reactor Coupled Conditions." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81159.

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Compared with the land-based nuclear power plant, the operating conditions of offshore nuclear power plant (ONPP) are much more complicated. For example, the barge-mounted platform malfunction, which is as important as the natural events and human events, should be considered in the plant safety analysis,. As a result, a two dimension operating condition coupled with barge and reactor status should be considered in the development of relevant power plant operating procedures. On the other hand, the beyond design basis hazards induced by the combination of unique and unanticipated external events of ONPP may lead to a blind area to both traditional and two dimension procedures mentioned above. Due to the insufficiency of existing operating condition and relevant procedures to tackle with the above events mentioned, an expanded operation strategy, namely the beyond design basis hazards and the extended ultimate response measures, is developed, Injecting sea water into reactor pressure vessel directly after primary system depressurized and venting the containment when necessary, formed the basis of ultimate response measure, which was proposed by Taiwan Power Company after Fukushima Accident. Considering the offshore and barge-mounted features, the ultimate response measure can be extended to include sea water injection into steam generator indirectly through secondary side passive residual heat removal lines and reactor cabin flooding by sea water through Kingston valves, to rebuild a newly, hierarchical one. Finally, the extended ultimate response measures, provided mainly for the plant command staff and operators, are analyzed utilizing thermal-hydraulic integral computer code preliminarily, to prove the effectiveness of the system configuration and operating strategy. It is concluded that injecting sea water into steam generator can remove the decay heat effectively, and the sensitivity study shows that operator intervention is good enough in accident mitigation.
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Ansari, M. H., and M. Amin Karami. "Nonlinear Thermally Buckled Piezoelectric Energy Harvester." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60476.

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A thermally buckled piezoelectric energy harvester is designed to power biomedical devices inside the body. The energy harvester (EN) uses the vibrations inside the body to generate the electricity needed for powering biomedical sensors and devices. The piezoelectric beam consists of a brass substrate and two piezoelectric patches attached to the top and the bottom of the substrate. The bimorph beam is inside a rigid frame. The bimorph beam is buckled due to the difference in the coefficient of the thermal expansion of the beam and the frame. Inside the body, most of the energy content come from the low-frequency vibrations (less than 50 Hz). Having high natural frequency is a major problem in Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) energy harvesters. Considering the small size of the EN, 1 cm3, the natural frequency is expected to be high. In our design, the natural frequency is lowered significantly by using a buckled beam. A mass is also used in the middle of the beam to decrease the natural frequency even more. Since the beam is buckled, the design is bistable and nonlinear which increases the output power. In this paper, the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the EN are analytically derived. The geometric nonlinearities are included in the electromechanical coupled governing equations. The governing equations are solved and it is shown that the device generates sufficient electricity to power biomedical sensors and devices inside the human body.
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Haque, Md Rejwanul, Hao Zheng, Saroj Thapa, Geza Kogler, and Xiangrong Shen. "A Robotic Ankle-Foot Orthosis for Daily-Life Assistance and Rehabilitation." In ASME 2018 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2018-9242.

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The ankle plays an important role in human movement as it supplies the majority of energy to support an individual’s walking. In this paper, the authors present a robotic ankle-foot orthosis (RAFO), which is essentially a wearable robot that acts in parallel to the user’s biological ankle for motion assistance. Unlike most of the existing robotic ankle-foot ortheses, the RAFO in this paper is a compact and portable assistive device with full energy autonomy, which enables its use in a user’s daily life without the typical limitation associated with tethered operation. The primary performance goal in the design of the RAFO is to provide a torque capacity equivalent to 35% of a 75 kg healthy person’s maximum ankle torque in slow walking, while keeping the weight of the device less than 2 kg. To reach such goal, the orthotic joint is actuated with a compact flat motor coupled with a two-stage transmission that provides a total 200:1 gear ratio. Additionally, a novel two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) joint design is incorporated. In addition to the powered dorsiflexion – plantarflexion, the 2-DOF joint also allows passive inversion – eversion of the joint, which greatly improves the comfort in the prolonged wearing of the device. For the control of the powered joint, a finite-state, friction-compensated impedance controller is developed to provide natural interaction with the user and reliable triggering of the powered push-off in walking. A prototype of the RAFO has been fabricated and assembled, and preliminary results demonstrated its effectiveness in assisting the user’s locomotion in treadmill walking experiments.
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Reports on the topic "Coupled human and natural systems"

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Futrell, J. H., R. E. Gephart, E. Kabat-Lensch, D. M. McKnight, A. Pyrtle, J. P. Schimel, R. L. Smyth, D. L. Wilson, J. L. Skole, and J. M. Gephart. Water: Challenges at the Intersection of Human and Natural Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1046481.

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Job, Jacob. Mesa Verde National Park: Acoustic monitoring report. National Park Service, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286703.

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In 2015, the Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division (NSNSD) received a request to collect baseline acoustical data at Mesa Verde National Park (MEVE). Between July and August 2015, as well as February and March 2016, three acoustical monitoring systems were deployed throughout the park, however one site (MEVE002) stopped recording after a couple days during the summer due to wildlife interference. The goal of the study was to establish a baseline soundscape inventory of backcountry and frontcountry sites within the park. This inventory will be used to establish indicators and thresholds of soundscape quality that will support the park and NSNSD in developing a comprehensive approach to protecting the acoustic environment through soundscape management planning. Additionally, results of this study will help the park identify major sources of noise within the park, as well as provide a baseline understanding of the acoustical environment as a whole for use in potential future comparative studies. In this deployment, sound pressure level (SPL) was measured continuously every second by a calibrated sound level meter. Other equipment included an anemometer to collect wind speed and a digital audio recorder collecting continuous recordings to document sound sources. In this document, “sound pressure level” refers to broadband (12.5 Hz–20 kHz), A-weighted, 1-second time averaged sound level (LAeq, 1s), and hereafter referred to as “sound level.” Sound levels are measured on a logarithmic scale relative to the reference sound pressure for atmospheric sources, 20 μPa. The logarithmic scale is a useful way to express the wide range of sound pressures perceived by the human ear. Sound levels are reported in decibels (dB). A-weighting is applied to sound levels in order to account for the response of the human ear (Harris, 1998). To approximate human hearing sensitivity, A-weighting discounts sounds below 1 kHz and above 6 kHz. Trained technicians calculated time audible metrics after monitoring was complete. See Methods section for protocol details, equipment specifications, and metric calculations. Median existing (LA50) and natural ambient (LAnat) metrics are also reported for daytime (7:00–19:00) and nighttime (19:00–7:00). Prominent noise sources at the two backcountry sites (MEVE001 and MEVE002) included vehicles and aircraft, while building and vehicle predominated at the frontcountry site (MEVE003). Table 1 displays time audible values for each of these noise sources during the monitoring period, as well as ambient sound levels. In determining the current conditions of an acoustical environment, it is informative to examine how often sound levels exceed certain values. Table 2 reports the percent of time that measured levels at the three monitoring locations were above four key values.
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Bridges, Todd, Jeffrey King, Johnathan Simm, Michael Beck, Georganna Collins, Quirijn Lodder, and Ram Mohan. International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41946.

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To deliver infrastructure that sustain our communities, economy, and environment, we must innovate, modernize, and even revolutionize our approach to infrastructure development. Change takes courage, but as one starts down the path of innovation, what was once novel becomes more familiar, more established. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is walking this path with our partners through the Engineering With Nature (EWN) Initiative, integrating human engineering with natural systems. The International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management are the next step toward revolutionary infrastructure development—a set of real-world guidelines to help familiarize us with what was once novel. USACE and collaborators around the world have been building, learning, and documenting the best practices for constructing Natural and Nature-Based Features (NNBF) for decades. The consolidation of these lessons into a single guidance document gives decision-makers and practitioners a much-needed resource to pursue, consider, and apply NNBF for flood risk management while expanding value through infrastructure. Relationships and partnerships are vital ingredients for innovation and progress. The NNBF Guidelines was achieved because of the strong relationships in the nature-based engineering community. The magnitude and diversity of contributors to the NNBF Guidelines have resulted in a robust resource that provides value beyond a single agency, sector, or nation. Similarly, the work of incorporating NNBF into projects will require us to strengthen our relationships across organizations, mandates, and missions to achieve resilient communities. I hope you are inspired by the collaborative achievement of the NNBF Guidelines and will draw from this resource to develop innovative solutions to current and future flood risk management challenges. There is a lot we can achieve together along the path of revolutionary infrastructure development.
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