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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Coupled Procedure

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Academic literature on the topic 'Coupled Procedure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Coupled Procedure"

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Liu, Li, Cheng Zhang, Ruizhe Li, Bin Wang, and Guangwen Yang. "C-Coupler2: a flexible and user-friendly community coupler for model coupling and nesting." Geoscientific Model Development 11, no. 9 (August 31, 2018): 3557–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3557-2018.

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Abstract. The Chinese C-Coupler (Community Coupler) family aims primarily to develop coupled models for weather forecasting and climate simulation and prediction. It is targeted to serve various coupled models with flexibility, user-friendliness, and extensive coupling functions. C-Coupler2, the latest version, includes a series of new features in addition to those of C-Coupler1 – including a common, flexible, and user-friendly coupling configuration interface that combines a set of application programming interfaces and a set of XML-formatted configuration files; the capability of coupling within one executable or the same subset of MPI (message passing interface) processes; flexible and automatic coupling procedure generation for any subset of component models; dynamic 3-D coupling that enables convenient coupling of fields on 3-D grids with time-evolving vertical coordinate values; non-blocking data transfer; facilitation for model nesting; facilitation for increment coupling; adaptive restart capability; and finally a debugging capability. C-Coupler2 is ready for use to develop various coupled or nested models. It has passed a number of test cases involving model coupling and nesting, and with various MPI process layouts between component models, and has already been used in several real coupled models.

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Baylot, James T. "Fully Coupled FE Analyses of Buried Structures." Shock and Vibration 1, no. 5 (1994): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/451071.

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Current procedures for determining the response of buried structures to the effects of the detonation of buried high explosives recommend decoupling the free-field stress analysis from the structure response analysis. A fully coupled (explosive–soil structure) finite element analysis procedure was developed so that the accuracies of current decoupling procedures could be evaluated. Comparisons of the results of analyses performed using this procedure with scale-model experiments indicate that this finite element procedure can be used to effectively evaluate the accuracies of the methods currently being used to decouple the free-field stress analysis from the structure response analysis.

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Losch, I. E., and J. A. G. Malherbe. "Design procedure for inhomogeneous coupled line sections." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 36, no. 7 (July 1988): 1186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.3654.

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Hansen, J. P., and K. Taulbjerg. "A preorthonormalization procedure for coupled channel problems." Computer Physics Communications 51, no. 3 (November 1988): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4655(88)90144-0.

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Zienkiewicz, O. C., and R. L. Taylor. "Coupled problems—A simple time-stepping procedure." Communications in Applied Numerical Methods 1, no. 5 (September 1985): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1630010508.

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Deb, Debasis, and Kamal C. Das. "Bolt-Grout Interactions in Elastoplastic Rock Mass Using Coupled FEM-FDM Techniques." Advances in Civil Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/149810.

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Numerical procedure based on finite element method (FEM) and finite difference method (FDM) for the analysis of bolt-grout interactions are introduced in this paper. The finite element procedure incorporates elasto-plastic concepts with Hoek and Brown yield criterion and has been applied for rock mass. Bolt-grout interactions are evaluated based on finite difference method and are embedded in the elasto-plastic procedures of FEM. The experimental validation of the proposed FEM-FDM procedures and numerical examples of a bolted tunnel are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method for practical applications.

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Choy, F. K., Y. F. Ruan, R. K. Tu, J. J. Zakrajsek, and D. P. Townsend. "Modal Analysis of Multistage Gear Systems Coupled With Gearbox Vibrations." Journal of Mechanical Design 114, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 486–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2926577.

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This paper presents an analytical procedure to simulate vibrations in gear transmission systems. This procedure couples the dynamics of the rotor-bearing gear system with the vibration in the gearbox structure. The modal synthesis method is used in solving the overall dynamics of the system, and a variable time-stepping integration scheme is used in evaluating the global transient vibration of the system. Locally each gear stage is modelled as a multimass rotor-bearing system using a discrete model. The modal characteristics are calculated using the matrix-transfer technique. The gearbox structure is represented by a finite element model, and modal parameters are solved by using NASTRAN. The rotor-gear stages are coupled through nonlinear compliance in the gear mesh while the gearbox structure is coupled through the bearing supports of the rotor system. Transient and steady state vibrations of the coupled system are examined in both time and frequency domains. A typical three-geared system is used as an example for demonstration of the developed procedure.

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Glock, H. W., K. Rothemund, and U. van Rienen. "CSC - A procedure for coupled S-parameter calculations." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 38, no. 2 (March 2002): 1173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.996300.

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Fidkowski, Zbigniew, and Lechoslaw Krolikowski. "Thermally coupled system of distillation columns: Optimization procedure." AIChE Journal 32, no. 4 (April 1986): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690320403.

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Errera, Marc-Paul, and Bénédicte Baqué. "A quasi-dynamic procedure for coupled thermal simulations." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 72, no. 11 (March 7, 2013): 1183–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.3782.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Coupled Procedure"

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Thompson, Kathryn Murphy. "A design procedure for vertical closed-loop earth-coupled heat pumps." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21717.

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Lyssakow, Pawel [Verfasser]. "A coupled structural and economical design procedure for shell structures / Pawel Lyssakow." Düren : Shaker, 2021. http://d-nb.info/123354845X/34.

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Rugonyi, Sandra 1970. "A simultaneous solution procedure for fully coupled fluid flows with structural interactions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80022.

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Stirling, Matthew John. "Coupled catalytic cycles : development of a procedure for the dynamic kinetic resolution of amines." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438067.

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Enantiomerically pure chiral amines are particularly important to the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Due to the procedural operational simplicity the most common method for their synthesis on an industrial scale is kinetic resolution. However, this methodology has the inherent disadvantage of limiting the yield to a maximum of 50%. To overcome this drawback it is possible to combine the kinetic resolution with a simultaneous racemisation to give a theoretical yield of 100% in a procedure known as dynamic kinetic resolution. The most suitable method for amine resolution is via enzymatic acylation, however most known methods for amine racemisation require harsh conditions under which enzymes would be denatured. To date only three methods for amine dynamic kinetic resolution have been reported, all of which are not industrially viable. Herein we report the development of an amine dynamic kinetic resolution system using a novel iridium-based amine racemisation catalyst. Our initial attempts to utilise CATHyTM catalysts for amine racemisation proved unsuccessful, it did however reveal an unexpected property of the iridiumcatalysed CATHyTM of 6,7-dimethoxy- I -methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline. During the asymmetric reduction of this substrate the enantiomeric excess of the product was observed to decrease with time. Initially this was suspected to be due to an in-situ racemisation, however our investigation disproved this and lead to the proposed system in which two catalytic species are present, one of which is (S)-selective and the other (R)-selective. During this investigation it was discovered that the iridium catalyst, pentamethylcyclopentadienyliridium (III) chloride dimer could be used as an amine racemisation catalyst. Further work found that the in-situ generation of the analogous iodo catalyst, pentamethylcyclopentadienyliridium (III) iodide dimer, led to a racemisation catalyst that was several orders of magnitude more active than the chloride species and more active than any previously reported amine racemisation catalyst. This iridium iodide catalyst was then synthesised and isolated and a standard amine racemisation protocol developed, which was utilised in the racemisation of a range of secondary amines and a tertiary amine. The catalyst also exhibited some activity towards the racemisation of amino acid esters. The attempted racemisation of primary amines led to the formation of dimeric impurities due to the reaction of the imine intermediate with the amine starting material. The catalyst was also shown to be able to racemise alcohols in the presence of a base, although the rate of hydrogen loss from the catalyst exceeded the rate of ketone hydrogenation and the reaction led to a quantitative conversion to ketone. The amine racemisation system using the pentamethylcyclopentadienyliridium (III) iodide dimer catalyst was then combined with an enzymatic resolution resulting in the dynamic kinetic resolution of 6,7-dimethoxy-l-methyl-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline in which the (R)-carbamate was isolated in 82% yield with 96% ee. This result constitutes the first example of a chemo-enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution on a secondary amine using an organometallic amine racemisation catalyst.

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King, Gerald D. 1974. "Presentation and comparision of an exact structural analysis code with the MIT design method and the coupled wall approximate deflection analysis procedure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49986.

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Diegor, Wilfredo G. "Development of a high pressure digestion technique and a data acquisition/reduction procedure and their application to the ICP-MS analysis of urban sediments and soils from Cebu, Philippines." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0003/MQ42368.pdf.

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Phukphatthanachai, Pranee. "Development and Application of IDMS Based Procedure for total Sulphur in Copper Metals and Its Alloys." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19851.

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Bei der Schwefelquantifizierung in Kupfer und anderen reinen Metallen zeigte sich in der Vergangenheit eine mangelnde SI-Rückführung und zusätzlich inkonsistente Ergebnisse, wenn verschiedene Methoden verglichen wurden. Um diesen Mangel zu beheben ist ein Referenzverfahren erforderlich, welches SI-rückführbare Werte mit einem zuverlässigen Unsicherheitsbudget ermöglicht. In dieser Studie wurde ein entsprechendes Referenzverfahren zur Quantifizierung von Gesamtschwefel in Kupfer basierend auf der induktiv gekoppelten Plasma-Massenspektrometrie und der Isotopenverdünnungsanalyse (ICP-IDMS) entwickelt. Um diese Probleme zu lösen wurde mit Hilfe der Ionenaustauschchromatographie ein Schwefel-Matrix-Trennverfahren entwickelt. Dieses Trennverfahren wurde mit ICP-IDMS kombiniert, um Schwierigkeiten mit der Kalibrierung zu lösen und fehlende metrologische Konzepte einzuführen. So wurden die in diesem Projekt erzielten IDMS-Messwerte für die Kalibrierung von GDMS und LA-ICP-MS verwendet, beides Verfahren die im industriellen Einsatz üblich sind. Dadurch konnten mit beiden Routineverfahren zuverlässige Ergebnisse erzeilt warden, die zudem auf SI rückführbar sind. Darüber hinaus wurde ein auf der LA-ICP-IDMS basierendes Verfahren entwickelt, um den Probenvorbereitungsschritt von ICP-IDMS mit Schwefel-Matrix-Trennung zu reduzieren. Die Vorteile dieser Methode sind ein geringerer Arbeits- und Zeitaufwand, die SI- Rückführung der Messergebnisse und eine für LA-ICP-MS vergleichsweise hohe Genauigkeit. Die Schlüsselrolle hierbei spielte der innovative Einsatz von Polyethylenfritten als Trägermaterial der aufgelösten Probe. Dadurch war die Quantifizierung von Schwefel in Kupferproben mittels LA-ICP-IDMS möglich. Die wesentlichen Parameter wie Absorptionseffizienz der Fritten und Matrixeffekt wurden untersucht. Das entwickelte Verfahren konnte mit Hilfe der ICP-IDMS vollständig validiert werden.
Sulphur quantification in copper and other pure metals in the past revealed a lack of SI-traceability and also showed inconsistent results, when different methods are compared. Therefore, a reference procedure is required to enable SI-traceable measurement results accompanied by a sound uncertainty budget. In this study, such a procedure was developed for the quantification of total sulphur in copper using inductively coupled plasma-isotope dilution mass spectrometry (ICP-IDMS). For solving these problems ion exchange chromatography was applied, and a sulphur-matrix separation procedure was developed. This procedure was combined with ICP-IDMS to solve difficulties with the calibration and to realize metrological concepts. An application of the IDMS procedure was realized by using the measurement results of specific copper samples values for calibrating glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS) and laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS). Both techniques are considered routine techniques. Thus, they could provide reliable results which are traceable to the SI. Additionally, a procedure based on LA-ICP-IDMS was developed to significantly reduce the sample preparation step of ICP-IDMS with sulphur-matrix separation. This procedure is less laborious and the measurement results are still SI traceable and offer a comparatively high accuracy for LA-ICP-MS. Key for this development was the innovative application of polyethylene frits as support material for the dissolved sample. Thus, the quantification of sulphur in copper samples by LA-ICP-IDMS could be realized. The essential parameters are investigated such as the absorption efficiency of the frit and matrix effects. The developed procedure was fully validated by means of the ICP-IDMS results.

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Steyn, Werner. "CAD-based iris design procedures for multi-mode coupled cavity devices." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52723.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Multi-mode coupled cavity filters have been the mainstay of commercial satellite communications systems since their introduction in 1970. Multi-mode filters use more than one resonant mode in a single cavity resonator, thereby reducing the size and weight of the filter. This is especially advantageous for satellite applications where the size and weight of the communications payload must be minimised. The use of more modes also increases the complexity of the filter design. Iris design plays an integral part in the design of multi-mode coupled cavity filters. Currently, irises are mostly designed using either the small aperture theory derived by Bethe, or a standard numerical technique. A recent study comparing these two techniques shows that approximations made in standard correction factors applied to small aperture theory, can lead to unacceptable errors. While numerical techniques are clearly required for the accurate design of complex irises, the standard numerical technique is only suited to the design of relatively simple iris structures. This dissertation presents three new CAD procedures for the design of irises in multi-mode coupled cavity devices. The new procedures are verified by numerical examples and measurements. Two new multi-mode coupled cavity devices were designed and tested using the CAD procedures developed in this work. The first is a new diplexer structure that realises two fourth order Chebyschev filter channels in three quadruple-mode cavities. Through correct placement and accurate design of irises, channel isolation was increased beyond that of existing multi-mode diplexer structures. The second application is the development of a new coupling structure for the replacement of coupling and tuning screws. A third order triple-mode cavity filter, including this new fixed coupling element, was designed using the CAD procedures developed in this dissertation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Multi-modale gekoppelde resoneerder filters word reeds vanaf die eerste verskyning van kommersiele sateliet-kommunikasiestelsels in 1970 gebruik. Vir hierdie toepassing is die fisiese grootte en massa van die filters in die kommunikasiestelsels van groot belang. Multimodale filters gebruik meer as een resonante modus in ‘n golfgeleier resoneerder om die fisiese grootte en massa van die filter te verminder. Hoe meer resonante modusse in een golfgeleier resoneerder, hoe kleiner en ligter die filter. Die gebruik van meer modusse kompliseer egter die ontwerp van die filter. ‘n Baie belangrike aspek van multi-modale filterontwerp is die ontwerp van die irisse wat die golfgeleier resoneerder skei. Die irisse word tans ontwerp, of deur middel van Bethe se klein iris teorie, of met die gebruik van ‘n standaard numeriese metode. ‘n Onlangse studie toon aan dat sekere standaard toevoegings tot Bethe se teorie, benaderings bevat wat tot foutiewe iris ontwerp kan lei. Numeriese metodes is dus noodsaaklik vir akkurate iris ontwerp. Hierdie studie wys egter dat die bestaande numeriese tegnieke beperk is tot die ontwerp van relatief eenvoudige irisse. Hierdie proefskrif bied drie nuwe rekenaargesteunde ontwerpsprosedures vir die doeltreffende ontwerp van verskillende klasse irisse in multi-modale golfgeleier resoneerder filters. Die nuwe metodes word getoets aan die hand van numeriese voorbeelde, en/of gemete resultate. Twee nuwe komplekse multi-modale golfgeleier resoneerder filter toepassings is ontwerp deur gebruik te maak van die nuwe ontwerpsprosedures. Die eerste is ‘n nuwe diplekser struktuur met twee vierde-orde Chebyschev filterkanale in drie golfgeleier resoneerders wat elk vier resonante modusse ondersteun. Deur korrekte en akkurate plasing van die irisse word ‘n groot verbetering in kanaalisolasie bo ‘n bestaande multi-modale diplekser verkry. Die tweede toepassing is die ontwikkeling van ‘n nuwe koppelstruktuur vir die vervanging van die gebruiklike koppel- en aanpassingskroewe. ‘n Derde-orde trippel-modus filter, gebaseer op hierdie nuwe struktuur, is ook ontwerp deur van die nuwe ontwerpsalgoritmes gebruik te maak.

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Downing, Nancy Ruth. "Couples' illness representation and coping procedures in prodromal Huntington disease." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2693.

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Huntington disease (HD) is a degenerative neurological disease that typically onsets in midlife. It leads to progressively severe impairment in cognitive, behavioral, and motor function and premature death. Persons who test positive for the HD gene expansion know they will develop the disease. Research indicates changes are detectable several years before onset. Thus, HD has a long prodromal period (prHD). While researchers are aware of changes, little is known whether persons with prHD or their companions notice changes, or how they make sense of and cope with them. Leventhal and colleagues developed the Common Sense Model of Illness Representation (CSM) to describe how people make sense of illness. According to the CSM, people notice somatic changes, form illness representations, select coping procedures and evaluate them, and reappraise illness representations in an iterative process. The CSM has been used to explore illness representations in a variety of illnesses, including diagnosed HD. The authors of the model state it is also applicable in anticipated illness but this assertion has not been adequately tested. The purpose of this thesis was to use the CSM to explore and describe illness representations in persons with prHD and their companions. The results of this exploration are presented in three papers. The first paper, presented in Chapter 2, was a preliminary study based on interview data from 8 persons and 7 companions. Results of this analysis indicated persons with prHD and companions noticed and made attributions for changes, suggesting they formed illness representations. However, they were unsure whether some changes were related to HD. Results were considered preliminary because participants were not directly asked to make attributions. Data were also limited to changes in work function and the sample size was small. In the next two papers, 23 couples were interviewed. The purpose of the second paper, presented in Chapter 3, was to explore illness representations in persons with prHD and their companions and evaluate the usefulness of the CSM in anticipated illness using prHD as a model. Results supported preliminary findings: Participants noticed changes, made attributions, used coping strategies and evaluated them. Again, they unsure whether some changes were related to HD. Other elements of the CSM were partially supported by the data. The third paper, presented in Chapter 4, used quantitative and qualitative methods to explore coping in persons with prHD and companions. Participants were asked open-ended questions about how they coped with changes and were also verbally administered the Brief COPE scale. Both quantitative and qualitative data showed participants used active coping, acceptance, planning, and social support. Participants rarely used denial or substance abuse. Persons with prHD used more coping strategies than companions. Three major themes from the qualitative interview were identified: trying to fix it, can't fix it, and not broken yet. Qualitative interviews revealed some coping strategies that the Brief COPE did not measure. Findings from these papers may inform interventions to help people with prHD and companions cope with changes. Persons with prHD and companions might benefit from knowing what changes might be related to HD in order to cope more effectively.

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Aslan, Fatma. "Essays on Allocation Procedures of Indivisibles." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1240/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur les mécanismes d’allocation de biens indivisibles en présence d’externalités dans les préférences individuelles. Ces externalités rendent difficile en pratique la collecte d’une information complète sur les préférences. Aussi, l’analyse normative des mécanismes d’allocation requiert de formuler des hypothèses sur la manière d’étendre l’information collectée aux préférences sur les allocations. Cette approche revient à définir des restrictions sur le domaine de préférences admissibles, une démarche bien connue de la théorie du choix social. Les trois premiers chapitres portent sur l’analyse du marché de Shapley-Scarf dans lequel les échanges sont organisés entre coalitions. Les chapitres 1 et 2 établissent des restrictions de domaine garantissant l’existence de différents types d’équilibre concurrentiel. Dans le chapitre 3, l’ensemble des biens est muni d’une géographie, ce qui permet de définir la distance entre partenaires comme source d’externalité. Nous identifions certains domaines de préférences qui assurent la non-vacuité de différents types de Coeur. Le chapitre 4 porte sur le cas de biens indivisibles publics purs. Nous montrons que le problème est formellement équivalent à celui du choix d’un comité dont les membres sont choisis dans des ensembles distincts. Nous caractérisons certains domaines de préférences sur les comités pour lesquels le choix majoritaire membre par membre est cohérent avec le choix majoritaire du comité dans son ensemble
This thesis focuses on the allocation of indivisible goods in presence of externality in individual preferences. This externality creates a difficulty with collecting full information about preferences. Therefore, conducting a normative analysis of allocation mechanisms requires assumptions on how reported preferences can be extended to preferences over outcomes. This approach is in line with the literature on preference domain restriction well-known in Social Choice theory. The first three chapters focus on Shapley-Scarf markets where trades are organized among coalitions. Coalitional trade generates externalities in individual valuations of allocations. Chapters 1 and 2 investigate domain restrictions ensuring the existence of various types of competitive equilibrium. Chapter 3 endows the set of goods with a geographical structure and considers distance to partners as a source of externality in preference. We identify domains of preference extensions which guarantee the existence of various types of core allocations. Chapter 4 focuses the case of pure public indivisible goods, which is formally identical to choosing a committee formed by several members, each selected from a specific set. We characterize preference domains over committees for which a well-defined seat-wise choice procedure based on majority voting is consistent with choosing a committee at once from majority voting

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Books on the topic "Coupled Procedure"

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Avaloff, D. Development of an ABEL transform procedure for determining radial intensities in an inductively coupled plasma. Manchester: UMIST, 1994.

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Garbarino, John R. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Comparison of a nitric acid in-bottle digestion procedure to other whole-water digestion procedures. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999.

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Mazhar, Zeka. Fully Implicit, Coupled Procedures in Computational Fluid Dynamics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29895-5.

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Barbach, Lonnie Garfield. The Erotic edge: Erotica for couples. New York: Plume, 1996.

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Simenon, Georges. The couple from Poitiers. London, England: Hamilton, 1985.

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Simenon, Georges. The couple from Poitiers. San Diego, USA: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985.

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Brock, Gregory W. Procedures in marriage and family therapy. 4th ed. Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, 2009.

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P, Barnard Charles, ed. Procedures in marriage and family therapy. 3rd ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1999.

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P, Barnard Charles, ed. Procedures in marriage and family therapy. 2nd ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1992.

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Makhdom, Fahd, Pascal Thériault-Lauzier, Siew Yen Ho, and Nicolo Piazza. Functional anatomy of left heart valves. Edited by Yen Ho. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0018.

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The development of transcatheter valve therapeutic modalities has reignited interest in the anatomy of the valvular complexes. Indeed, this knowledge is crucial for individuals who are involved in transcatheter valve therapies. The importance of anatomy for procedure indications, contraindications, performance, and device development are tremendous and cannot be overemphasized. Comprehension of the anatomy is the first step toward successful transcatheter valve therapy. This knowledge should be coupled with the ability to view and understand the valvular complex using different imaging modalities. The ability to have a three-dimensional understanding of the valvular component and its relation to the other cardiac structures is key in performing transcatheter valve procedures. This chapter discusses the aortic valve and the mitral valve complexes and reviews a novel way of understanding left-sided heart valve anatomy using multiple imaging modalities.

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Book chapters on the topic "Coupled Procedure"

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Tanamoto, Tetsufumi. "Quantum Gates by Coupled Quantum Dots and Measurement Procedure in Field-Effect-Transistor Structure." In Scalable Quantum Computers, 235–51. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527603182.ch16.

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Schröder, Jörg, and Marc-André Keip. "Multiscale Modeling of Electro-mechanically Coupled Materials: Homogenization Procedure and Computation of Overall Moduli." In IUTAM Symposium on Multiscale Modelling of Fatigue, Damage and Fracture in Smart Materials, 265–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9887-0_25.

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Azancot, I., X. Favreau, J. P. Melki, A. W. Kedra, G. Soulez, and P. Frouge. "Improvement of Digital Subtraction Angiography Image Quality: High Resolution Processing Coupled with a Real Time Synchronisation Procedure." In CAR’89 Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 215–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52311-3_38.

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Wu, Ian Qianhuang, Francesca Lorraine Wei Inng Lim, and Liang Piu Koh. "Outpatient Care." In The Comprehensive Cancer Center, 21–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82052-7_4.

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AbstractManagement of haematology-oncology patients has historically been largely inpatient-based. With advances in the understanding of disease and improvements in supportive care, patients are increasingly being managed in the outpatient setting. This is especially evident in autologous stem cell transplantation, which is now routinely done as an outpatient procedure at various centres. As clinicians gain more experience in novel therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy and bispecific T cell engager (BiTE) therapy, these may potentially be administered in the outpatient setting in the near future with the adoption of a risk-stratified approach. Such a paradigm shift in the practice of haematology-oncology is inevitable and has been driven by several factors, including pressure from the institution/hospital to avoid unnecessary hospital admissions and for optimal use of inpatient resources to be more cost-effective and efficient. With favourable local regulations and funding, outpatient cancer care can be economically beneficial. The success of an outpatient cancer center is heavily dependent on planning the facility to be equipped with the appropriate infrastructure, together with the trained medical and supportive personnel in place. This, coupled with the utilization of emerging technology such as telemedicine, has the potential to revolutionize cancer care delivery in the outpatient setting.

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Tubino, Federica, and Giuseppe Piccardo. "A Critical Analysis of Simplified Procedures for Footbridges’ Serviceability Assessment." In Dynamics of Coupled Structures, Volume 4, 293–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29763-7_28.

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Berek, Dušan. "Molecular Characterization of Complex Polymers by Coupled Liquid Chromatographic Procedures." In ACS Symposium Series, 178–89. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1999-0731.ch012.

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Fuchs, W., H. M. Karandikar, R. Srinivasan, and F. Mistree. "Preliminary Design of a Filament Wound Pressure Vessel: A Coupled Decision Support Problem." In Discretization Methods and Structural Optimization — Procedures and Applications, 127–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83707-4_17.

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Jung, Florian, Sebastian Steger, Oliver Knapp, Matthias Noll, and Stefan Wesarg. "COSMO - Coupled Shape Model for Radiation Therapy Planning of Head and Neck Cancer." In Clinical Image-Based Procedures. Translational Research in Medical Imaging, 25–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13909-8_4.

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Horie, T., and H. Kuramae. "Parallel Computing Procedures for an Electromagnetic-mechanical Coupled Problem using Workstation Cluster." In Computational Mechanics ’95, 399–404. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79654-8_66.

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Salgado, Rodrigo, Francisco Bellas, and Richard J. Duro. "Studying the Coupled Learning of Procedural and Declarative Knowledge in Cognitive Robotics." In Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, 304–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22979-9_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "Coupled Procedure"

1

Kang Wook Kim, Chan-Ho Park, and Sung-Jin Han. "A new design procedure of tapped coupled-line filters." In IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Symposium, 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2004.1331974.

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Bhansali, Prateek, Shweta Srivastava, Xiaolue Lai, and Jaijeet Roychowdhury. "Comprehensive procedure for fast and accurate coupled oscillator network simulation." In 2008 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccad.2008.4681670.

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TANAMOTO, TETSUFUMI. "QUANTUM GATES IN CAPACITIVELY COUPLED QUANTUM DOTS AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE." In Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812776716_0007.

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Varatharaj, Sathiyamoorthy, and Kanthasamy K. Muraleetharan. "A Fully Coupled Analysis Procedure for Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction." In GeoTrans 2004. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40744(154)26.

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KIM, YOUNG HAN, and SANG YEUL KIM. "A NEW DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR FULLY THERMALLY COUPLED DISTILLATION COLUMNS." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812702623_0040.

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de Ruiter, Anton, and Hugh Liu. "A Systematic Controller Design Procedure for One-Way Coupled Systems." In AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2004-5007.

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Sorin, V., and E. Landa. "3D Procedure for Layer Velocity Analysis - Coupled Map Migration/Coherency Measuring." In EAEG/SEG Summer Workshop - Construction of 3-D Macro Velocity-Depth Models. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201407565.

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Muraleetharan, Kanthasamy K., and Changfu Wei. "A Fully Coupled Analysis Procedure for Dynamic Behavior of Unsaturated Soils." In Geo-Denver 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40510(287)11.

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Black, Scott, and Thad Michael. "Experiences using a Coupled Viscous/Potential-Flow Unsteady Propeller Analysis Procedure." In SNAME 10th Propeller and Shafting Symposium. SNAME, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/pss-2003-03.

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Software developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for the unsteady propeller analysis and effective wake calculation has been transitioned to the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division. The lifting surface propeller software is designed to be coupled with a three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes flow code. . The basic philosophy of the coupling remains the same, but the procedure for the coupling was largely revised and validated by the authors. Sample cases for the coupled lifting-surface/RANS analysis package are included in this paper and compared with experimental data. These sample cases show that this analysis procedure has great potential for the computation of propulsor maneuvering forces.

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Danko, G. "Numerical Transport Code Functionalization Procedure and Software Functions." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56049.

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A numerical–computational procedure is described to determine a multi-dimensional functional or an operator for the representation of the computational results of a numerical transport code. The procedure is called Numerical Transport Code Functionalization (NTCF). Numerical transport codes represent a family of engineering software to solve, for example, heat conduction problems in solids using ANSYS; heat and moisture transport problems in porous media using NUFT; or laminar or turbulent flow and transport problems using FLUENT, a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model. The NTCF procedure is developed to determine a model for the representation of the code for a variety of input functions. Couple solution of multiphysics problems often require repeated, iterative calculations for the same model domain and with the same code, but with different boundary condition values. The NTCF technique allows for reducing the number of runs with the original numerical code to the number of runs necessary for NTCF model identification. The NTCF procedure is applied for the solution of coupled heat and moisture transport problems at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The NTCF method and the supporting software is a key element of MULTIFLUX, a coupled thermohydrologic-ventilation model and software. Numerical tests as well as applications for Yucca Mountain, Nevada are presented using both linear and nonlinear NTCF models. The performance of the NTCF method is demonstrated both in accuracy and modeling acceleration.

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Reports on the topic "Coupled Procedure"

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Christensen, Earl, Steve Deutch, Cheyenne Paeper, and Jack Ferrell III. Elemental Analysis of Bio-Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP), Issue Date: May 13, 2022. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1868892.

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Li, Jianjian. Microwave power coupler for a superconducting multiple-cell cavity for accelerator application and its testing procedures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/982477.

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Ruosteenoja, Kimmo. Applicability of CMIP6 models for building climate projections for northern Europe. Finnish Meteorological Institute, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361416.

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In this report, we have evaluated the performance of nearly 40 global climate models (GCMs) participating in Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The focus is on the northern European area, but the ability to simulate southern European and global climate is discussed as well. Model evaluation was started with a technical control; completely unrealistic values in the GCM output files were identified by seeking the absolute minimum and maximum values. In this stage, one GCM was rejected totally, and furthermore individual output files from two other GCMs. In evaluating the remaining GCMs, the primary tool was the Model Climate Performance Index (MCPI) that combines RMS errors calculated for the different climate variables into one index. The index takes into account both the seasonal and spatial variations in climatological means. Here, MCPI was calculated for the period 1981—2010 by comparing GCM output with the ERA-Interim reanalyses. Climate variables explored in the evaluation were the surface air temperature, precipitation, sea level air pressure and incoming solar radiation at the surface. Besides MCPI, we studied RMS errors in the seasonal course of the spatial means by examining each climate variable separately. Furthermore, the evaluation procedure considered model performance in simulating past trends in the global-mean temperature, the compatibility of future responses to different greenhouse-gas scenarios and the number of available scenario runs. Daily minimum and maximum temperatures were likewise explored in a qualitative sense, but owing to the non-existence of data from multiple GCMs, these variables were not incorporated in the quantitative validation. Four of the 37 GCMs that had passed the initial technical check were regarded as wholly unusable for scenario calculations: in two GCMs the responses to the different greenhouse gas scenarios were contradictory and in two other GCMs data were missing from one of the four key climate variables. Moreover, to reduce inter-GCM dependencies, no more than two variants of any individual GCM were included; this led to an abandonment of one GCM. The remaining 32 GCMs were divided into three quality classes according to the assessed performance. The users of model data can utilize this grading to select a subset of GCMs to be used in elaborating climate projections for Finland or adjacent areas. Annual-mean temperature and precipitation projections for Finland proved to be nearly identical regardless of whether they were derived from the entire ensemble or by ignoring models that had obtained the lowest scores. Solar radiation projections were somewhat more sensitive.

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Michel Jr., Frederick C., Harry A. J. Hoitink, Yitzhak Hadar, and Dror Minz. Microbial Communities Active in Soil-Induced Systemic Plant Disease Resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586476.bard.

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Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) is a highly variable property that can be induced by compost amendment of potting media and soils. For example, previous studies showed that only 1 of 79 potting mixes prepared with different batches of mature composts produced from several different types of solid wastes were able to suppress the severity of bacterial leaf spot of radish caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae compared with disease on plants produced in a nonamended sphagnum peat mix. In this project, microbial consortia in the rhizosphere of plants grown in ISR-active compost-amended substrates were characterized. The plants used included primarily cucumber but also tomato and radish. Rhizosphere microbial consortia were characterized using multiple molecular tools including DGGE (Israel) and T -RFLP (Ohio) in both ISR-active field plots and potting media. Universal as well as population-specific bacterial and fungal PCR primers were utilized. T -RFLP analyses using universal bacterial primers showed few significant differences in overall bacterial community composition in ISR-active and inactive substrates (Ohio). In addition, the community members which were significantly different varied when different ISR-activecomposts were used (Ohio). To better characterize the shifts in microbial community structure during the development of ISR, population specific molecular tools were developed (Israel, Ohio).-PCR primers were designed to detect and quantify bacterial groups including Pyrenomycetes, Bacillus, Pan toea, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Streptomyces as well as Trichoderma and Fusarium; two groups of fungi that harbor isolates which are ISR active (Isreal and Ohio). Bacterial consortia associated with cucumber plants grown in compost-amended potting mixtures were shown to be dominated by the phylogenetic taxon Bacteroidetes, including members of the genus Chryseobacterium, which in some cases have been shown to be involved in biocontrol (Israel). Nested-PCR-DGGE analyses coupled with long l6S rDNA sequencing, demonstrated that the Chryseobacteriumspp. detected on seed and the root in compost-amended treatments were derived from the compost itself. The most effective ISR inducing rhizobacterial strains were identified as Bacillus sp. based on partial sequencing of l6S rDNA. However, these strains were significantly less effective in reducing the severity of disease than Trichoderma hamatum382 (T382). A procedure was developed for inoculation of a compost-amended substrate with T -382 which consistently induced ISR in cucumber against Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsiciand in radish against bacterial spot (Ohio). Inoculation of compost-amended potting mixes with biocontrol agents such as T -382 and other microbes that induce systemic resistance in plants significantly increased the frequency of systemic disease control obtained with natural compost amendments.

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Clausen, Jay, Richard Hark, Russ Harmon, John Plumer, Samuel Beal, and Meghan Bishop. A comparison of handheld field chemical sensors for soil characterization with a focus on LIBS. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43282.

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Commercially available handheld chemical analyzers for forensic applications have been available for over a decade. Portable systems from multiple vendors can perform X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, and recently laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Together, we have been exploring the development and potential applications of a multisensor system consisting of XRF, Raman, and LIBS for environmental characterization with a focus on soils from military ranges. Handheld sensors offer the potential to substantially increase sample throughput through the elimination of transport of samples back to the laboratory and labor-intensive sample preparation procedures. Further, these technologies have the capability for extremely rapid analysis, on the order of tens of seconds or less. We have compared and evaluated results from the analysis of several hundred soil samples using conventional laboratory bench top inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) for metals evaluation and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Raman spectroscopy for detection and characterization of energetic materials against handheld XRF, LIBS, and Raman analyzers. The soil samples contained antimony, copper, lead, tungsten, and zinc as well as energetic compounds such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), nitroglycerine (NG), and dinitrotoluene isomers (DNT). Precision, accuracy, and sensitivity of the handheld field sensor technologies were compared against conventional laboratory instrumentation to determine their suitability for field characterization leading to decisional outcomes.

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Newton, Ronald, Joseph Riov, and John Cairney. Isolation and Functional Analysis of Drought-Induced Genes in Pinus. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568752.bard.

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Drought is a common factor limiting timber production in the U.S. and Israel. Loblolly (Pinus taeda) and alleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) seedling survival is reduced when out planted, and growth and reproduction are often hindered by periodic droughts during later stages of tree development. Molecular and gene responses to drought stress have not been characterized. The objectives were to characterize drought-induced gene clones from these pines, to determine the effects of a growth regulator on drought tolerance, ABA levels, and drought-induced gene expression in alleppo pine, and to develop procedures for loblolly pine transformation. Nearly 20 cDNA clones influenced by gradual, prolonged drought stress have been isolated. Many of these have been shown to be induced by drought stress, whereas several others are down-regulated. These are the first drought-induced genes isolated from a pine species. Two genomic clones (lp5-1 and lp3-1) have been sequenced and characterized, and each has been found to be associated with a gene family. Clone lp5 appears to code for a cell wall protein, and clone lp3 codes for a nuclear protein. The former may be associated with changing the elastic properties of the cell wall, while the latter may be involved in signal transduction and/or protection from desiccation in the nucleus. Clone lp3 is similar to a drought-induced gene from tomato and is regulated by ABA. Several DNA sequences that are specific to induction during growth-retardation in alleppo pine by uniconazole have been identified. The active DNA species is now being identified. Promoters from genomic clones, lp3 and lp5, have been sequenced. Both are functional when fused with the gus reporter gene and transferred to other plant tissues as well as responding to a simulated drought stress. Through exodeletion analysis, it has been established that the promoter ABRE element of lp3 responds to ABA and that drought-induction of lp3 expression may also involve ABA. Stable tobacco transformants carrying either the lp5 or the lp3 promoter fused to a reporter gus gene have been obtained. The lp5lgus fusion was expressed at several stages of tobacco development and differentiation including the reproductive stage. There was no difference in phenotype between the transformants and the wild type. Embryogenesis procedures were developed for slash pine, but attempts to couple this process with gene transfer and plantlet transformation were not successful. Transformation of pine using Agrobacterium appears tractable, but molecular data supporting stable integration of the Agrobacterium-transferred gene are still inconclusive.

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Shenker, Moshe, Paul R. Bloom, Abraham Shaviv, Adina Paytan, Barbara J. Cade-Menun, Yona Chen, and Jorge Tarchitzky. Fate of Phosphorus Originated from Treated Wastewater and Biosolids in Soils: Speciation, Transport, and Accumulation. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697103.bard.

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Beneficial use of reclaimed wastewater (RW) and biosolids (BS) in soils is accompanied by large input of sewage-originated P. Prolonged application may result in P accumulation up to levelsBeneficial use of reclaimed wastewater (RW) and biosolids (BS) in soils is accompanied by large input of sewage-originated P. Prolonged application may result in P accumulation up to levels that impair plant nutrition, increase P loss, and promote eutrophication in downstream waters. This study aims to shed light on the RW- and BS-P forms in soils and to follow the processes that determine P reactivity, solubility, availability, and loss in RW and BS treated soils. The Technion group used sequential P extraction combined with measuring stable oxygen isotopic composition in phosphate (δ18OP) and with 31P-NMR studies to probe P speciation and transformations in soils irrigated with RW or fresh water (FW). The application of the δ18OP method to probe inorganic P (Pi) speciation and transformations in soils was developed through collaboration between the Technion and the UCSC groups. The method was used to trace Pi in water-, NaHCO3-, NaOH-, and HCl- P fractions in a calcareous clay soil (Acre, Israel) irrigated with RW or FW. The δ18OP signature changes during a month of incubation indicated biogeochemical processes. The water soluble Pi (WSPi) was affected by enzymatic activity yielding isotopic equilibrium with the water molecules in the soil solution. Further it interacted rapidly with the NaHCO3-Pi. The more stable Pi pools also exhibited isotopic alterations in the first two weeks after P application, likely related to microbial activity. Isotopic depletion which could result from organic P (PO) mineralization was followed by enrichment which may result from biologic discrimination in the uptake. Similar transformations were observed in both soils although transformations related to biological activity were more pronounced in the soil treated with RW. Specific P compounds were identified by the Technion group, using solution-state 31P-NMR in wastewater and in soil P extracts from Acre soils irrigated by RW and FW. Few identified PO compounds (e.g., D-glucose-6-phosphate) indicated coupled transformations of P and C in the wastewater. The RW soil retained higher P content, mainly in the labile fractions, but lower labile PO, than the FW soil; this and the fact that P species in the various soil extracts of the RW soil appear independent of P species in the RW are attributed to enhanced biological activity and P recycling in the RW soil. Consistent with that, both soils retained very similar P species in the soil pools. The HUJ group tested P stabilization to maximize the environmental safe application rates and the agronomic beneficial use of BS. Sequential P extraction indicated that the most reactive BS-P forms: WSP, membrane-P, and NaHCO3-P, were effectively stabilized by ferrous sulfate (FeSul), calcium oxide (CaO), or aluminum sulfate (alum). After applying the stabilized BS, or fresh BS (FBS), FBS compost (BSC), or P fertilizer (KH2PO4) to an alluvial soil, P availability was probed during 100 days of incubation. A plant-based bioassay indicated that P availability followed the order KH2PO4 >> alum-BS > BSC ≥ FBS > CaO-BS >> FeSul-BS. The WSPi concentration in soil increased following FBS or BSC application, and P mineralization further increased it during incubation. In contrast, the chemically stabilized BS reduced WSPi concentrations relative to the untreated soil. It was concluded that the chemically stabilized BS effectively controlled WSPi in the soil while still supplying P to support plant growth. Using the sequential extraction procedure the persistence of P availability in BS treated soils was shown to be of a long-term nature. 15 years after the last BS application to MN soils that were annually amended for 20 years by heavy rates of BS, about 25% of the added BS-P was found in the labile fractions. The UMN group further probed soil-P speciation in these soils by bulk and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). This newly developed method was shown to be a powerful tool for P speciation in soils. In a control soil (no BS added), 54% of the total P was PO and it was mostly identified as phytic acid; 15% was identified as brushite and 26% as strengite. A corn crop BS amended soil included mostly P-Fe-peat complex, variscite and Al-P-peat complex but no Ca-P while in a BS-grass soil octacalcium phosphate was identified and o-phosphorylethanolamine or phytic acid was shown to dominate the PO fraction that impair plant nutrition, increase P loss, and promote eutrophication in downstream waters. This study aims to shed light on the RW- and BS-P forms in soils and to follow the processes that determine P reactivity, solubility, availability, and loss in RW and BS treated soils. The Technion group used sequential P extraction combined with measuring stable oxygen isotopic composition in phosphate (δ18OP) and with 31P-NMR studies to probe P speciation and transformations in soils irrigated with RW or fresh water (FW). The application of the δ18OP method to probe inorganic P (Pi) speciation and transformations in soils was developed through collaboration between the Technion and the UCSC groups. The method was used to trace Pi in water-, NaHCO3-, NaOH-, and HCl- P fractions in a calcareous clay soil (Acre, Israel) irrigated with RW or FW. The δ18OP signature changes during a month of incubation indicated biogeochemical processes. The water soluble Pi (WSPi) was affected by enzymatic activity yielding isotopic equilibrium with the water molecules in the soil solution. Further it interacted rapidly with the NaHCO3-Pi. The more stable Pi pools also exhibited isotopic alterations in the first two weeks after P application, likely related to microbial activity. Isotopic depletion which could result from organic P (PO) mineralization was followed by enrichment which may result from biologic discrimination in the uptake. Similar transformations were observed in both soils although transformations related to biological activity were more pronounced in the soil treated with RW. Specific P compounds were identified by the Technion group, using solution-state 31P-NMR in wastewater and in soil P extracts from Acre soils irrigated by RW and FW. Few identified PO compounds (e.g., D-glucose-6-phosphate) indicated coupled transformations of P and C in the wastewater. The RW soil retained higher P content, mainly in the labile fractions, but lower labile PO, than the FW soil; this and the fact that P species in the various soil extracts of the RW soil appear independent of P species in the RW are attributed to enhanced biological activity and P recycling in the RW soil. Consistent with that, both soils retained very similar P species in the soil pools. The HUJ group tested P stabilization to maximize the environmental safe application rates and the agronomic beneficial use of BS. Sequential P extraction indicated that the most reactive BS-P forms: WSP, membrane-P, and NaHCO3-P, were effectively stabilized by ferrous sulfate (FeSul), calcium oxide (CaO), or aluminum sulfate (alum). After applying the stabilized BS, or fresh BS (FBS), FBS compost (BSC), or P fertilizer (KH2PO4) to an alluvial soil, P availability was probed during 100 days of incubation. A plant-based bioassay indicated that P availability followed the order KH2PO4 >> alum-BS > BSC ≥ FBS > CaO-BS >> FeSul-BS. The WSPi concentration in soil increased following FBS or BSC application, and P mineralization further increased it during incubation. In contrast, the chemically stabilized BS reduced WSPi concentrations relative to the untreated soil. It was concluded that the chemically stabilized BS effectively controlled WSPi in the soil while still supplying P to support plant growth. Using the sequential extraction procedure the persistence of P availability in BS treated soils was shown to be of a long-term nature. 15 years after the last BS application to MN soils that were annually amended for 20 years by heavy rates of BS, about 25% of the added BS-P was found in the labile fractions. The UMN group further probed soil-P speciation in these soils by bulk and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). This newly developed method was shown to be a powerful tool for P speciation in soils. In a control soil (no BS added), 54% of the total P was PO and it was mostly identified as phytic acid; 15% was identified as brushite and 26% as strengite. A corn crop BS amended soil included mostly P-Fe-peat complex, variscite and Al-P-peat complex but no Ca-P while in a BS-grass soil octacalcium phosphate was identified and o-phosphorylethanolamine or phytic acid was shown to dominate the PO fraction.

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A Model-Based Investigation of Electrically Split Turbocharger Systems Capabilities to Overcome the Drawbacks of High-Boost Downsized Engines. SAE International, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-5052.

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Engine downsizing is one the most common methods of coping with strict emission regulations. However, it must be coupled with complementary systems so that the engine performance would meet the standards. That is why new efficient solutions can pave the way toward this goal. The electric forced-induction system (EFIS) is the emerging replacement for conventional forced-induction systems (FIS), namely, turbochargers and superchargers. The reason behind this replacement is the drawbacks associated with FIS, among them are turbo lag and inefficiency in exhaust gas energy recycling. Electrically split turbocharger (EST) is a form of EFIS which offers a great potential for engine downsizing. In this paper, a new approach to EST utilization for lowering the fuel consumption (FC) without compromising performance has been introduced, through which the augmented degree of freedom enabled by an EST is used to optimize the air-charge boosting. To show the effectiveness of the proposed method, a model-based approach is used to compare two engines with and without EST technology; the performance of an already existing 1.6-l 4-cylinder turbocharged engine has been modeled based on the experimental data, and its performance indices are used as a benchmark for a downsized 1l 3-cylinder engine equipped with an EST. A comparison of these two engines in the dynamic drive cycles of the EPA Federal Test Procedure (FTP75) and Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycles (WLTC) has shown a 28.87% and 25.35% reduction in FC, respectively, independent of the external electrical source. Furthermore, the downsized engine has shown superior performance through full-throttle acceleration in terms of torque transient response. Finally, the concept of coherence among gas-path components and its importance is presented, and knock precautions associated with air charging in this method are addressed.

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Traditional family planning in Bangladesh. Population Council, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1997.1000.

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“Traditional” methods of family planning (FP) generally are methods such as withdrawal and periodic abstinence that do not require contraceptive substances or devices, or clinical procedures. In 1991, approximately 38 million couples worldwide relied on withdrawal to prevent pregnancy, and 30-35 million relied on periodic abstinence. Together, these constituted one-quarter of all users of temporary methods of FP worldwide. In Bangladesh, the proportion using periodic abstinence or withdrawal was more than 20 percent of users of temporary methods. The reasons for use of traditional methods have not been investigated in Bangladesh, because of overriding attention to modern methods. Given that the use of traditional methods is widespread, what is the level of knowledge among Bangladeshi users about the safe periods of the monthly cycle for the most effective use of periodic abstinence? What factors cause higher socioeconomic groups to be the main users of traditional methods? Why do some people switch between traditional and modern methods? This report investigates these questions, and others, but is aimed at determining the main policy issues and the policy implications of findings.

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