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Journal articles on the topic 'Coupler curves'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Unruh, V., and P. Krishnaswami. "A Computer-Aided Design Technique for Semi-Automated Infinite Point Coupler Curve Synthesis of Four-Bar Linkages." Journal of Mechanical Design 117, no. 1 (March 1, 1995): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826099.

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At the present time, there are no satisfactory computer-aided solution schemes for solving the infinite point coupler curve synthesis problem (i.e., the problem of synthesizing a four-bar linkage whose coupler curve best approximates a fully specified closed trajectory). In order to develop a programmable solution process for this class of problems, it is necessary to devise a way of storing a catalog of coupler curves in a computer database. In addition, comparison procedures must be developed for detecting geometric similarities between curves; these procedures must be capable of observing similarities in the shapes of curves which may be scaled or oriented differently. In this paper, a data representation scheme based on uniform periodic B-splines is proposed as a viable means of storing coupler curves in a database. Automated procedures for fitting B-splines to coupler cures or other closed curves are also developed. The paper also presents a set of algorithms for comparing the shapes of curves based on the control polygons of their B-spline approximations. These algorithms are implemented in a computer program that is an effective tool for semi-automated computer-aided solution of the infinite point coupler curve synthesis problem. Example problems solved using this program are discussed, along with some suggestions for further work on this topic.

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2

Lu, Deng-Maw, and Wen-Miin Hwang. "Synthesis of Spherical Four-Bar Mechanisms for Two or Three Prescribed Coupler-Curve Cusps." Journal of Mechanical Design 123, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1360185.

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This paper presents a new approach for the synthesis of spherical four-bar mechanisms with two or three prescribed coupler curve cusps. According to the configuration of a spherical four-bar mechanism whose coupler point coincides with the instant center at two separated positions, two kinds of degenerated curves for the corresponding spherical Burmester curves are obtained. For each degenerated curve, a synthesis procedure is proposed for the dimensional synthesis of spherical four-bar mechanisms to trace a coupler curve with two prescribed cusps. The possible types of spherical four-bar mechanisms with two-cusp coupler curves are discussed. Furthermore, special spherical double-rockers are also presented for tracing a symmetric coupler curve with two cusps, tracing a doubly symmetric coupler curve with two cusps or tracing a symmetric coupler curve with three cusps.

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3

Chung, W.-Y. "Position analysis of Assur kinematic chains using coupler curves." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 220, no. 8 (August 1, 2006): 1249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes249.

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The configurations of several Assur kinematic chains (AKCs) are analysed with the aid of coupler curves. An analysed linkage is dismantled into two constituent linkages. The intersection points of two coupler curves generated by the constituent linkages are the solutions of the dismantling point. All possible configurations of the linkage can then be obtained with the dismantling point being found by solving two coupler curve equations. The coupler curve equations of Watt-I and Stephenson-I six-bar are derived with orders and circularities being emphasized. All three AKCs with seven-link and several AKCs with nine-link and even with 11-link are analysed. The maximum number of solutions can also be determined easily on the basis of the orders and circularities of the coupler curves. The chains with prismatic joints included are also considered.

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4

Lu, D. M. "A Triangular Nomogram for Spherical Symmetric Coupler Curves and its Application to Mechanism Design." Journal of Mechanical Design 121, no. 2 (June 1, 1999): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829463.

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This paper presents a triangular nomogram for spherical symmetric coupler curves generated by a spherical crank-rocker with special dimensions. The paper also illustrates the application of this nomogram for spherical mechanism design. The expression of symmetric coupler curves traced by the spherical crank-rocker is derived. A computer program is developed to calculate the coordinates of the coupler curve points for the prescribed dimensions of the mechanism. According to the classified properties of coupler curves obtained, a triangular nomogram for spherical symmetric coupler curves can then be constructed by using three design parameters, i.e., length of crank, length of fixed link, and coupler angle. The triangular nomogram provides an alternative selection for dimensional synthesis of spherical path generators. The synthesized mechanisms can also be used to provide initial estimates for optimal synthesis of spherical path generators. A design example is presented.

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5

Blechschmidt, J. L., and J. J. Uicker. "Linkage Synthesis Using Algebraic Curves." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 108, no. 4 (December 1, 1986): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258767.

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A method to snythesize four-bar linkages using the algebraic curve of the motion of the coupler point on the coupler link of the four-bar linkage is developed. This method is a departure from modern synthesis methods, most of which are based upon Burmester theory. This curve, which is a planar algebraic polynomial in two variables for the four-bar linkage, is a trinodal tricircular sextic (sixth order). These properties are used to determine the coefficients of the curve given a set of points that the coupler point of the coupler link is to pass through. The coefficients of this curve are nonlinear functions of the linkage parameters. The resulting set of nonlinear equations are solved using iterative/optimization techniques for the linkage parameters.

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6

Shirazi, Kourosh H. "Symmetrical Coupler Curve and Singular Point Classification in Planar and Spherical Swinging-Block Linkages." Journal of Mechanical Design 128, no. 2 (July 12, 2005): 436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2167651.

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The purpose of the present paper is coupler curve synthesis and classification in planar and spherical swinging block linkages for path generation problem. It is shown that the swinging block mechanism, which is an inversion of the slider crank mechanism, can be classified into two types. The first type generates Lemniscate coupler curves consisting one or two loops. In this case, two double points, namely cusp and crunode, occur depending on the mechanism's dimension. The second type generates Cardioid and Limaçon type coupler-curves consisting of one, two, three, and four loops. In this case, three kinds of double points, namely cusp, crunode, and tacnode, occur. For the spherical swinging-block linkages, a parametric coupler curve equation is derived. Using a trigonometric similitude between the planar and spherical linkages, a symmetrical coupler curve and singular point classification is accomplished.

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7

Shieh, W. B., L. W. Tsai, S. Azarm, and A. L. Tits. "A New Class of Six-Bar Mechanisms With Symmetrical Coupler Curves." Journal of Mechanical Design 120, no. 1 (March 1, 1998): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826668.

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A new class of six-bar mechanisms with symmetrical coupler-point curves is presented. This class of mechanisms is made up of a four-bar linkage with an additional dyad to form an embedded skew pantograph. Because the coupler curve generated at an output point is amplified from that of a four-bar, a compact mechanism with a relatively large coupler curve can be obtained. In addition, due to their structure arrangement, the analysis and synthesis of such mechanisms can be easily achieved. Finally, an example mechanism from this class is illustrated and compared with a four-bar linkage with the same coupler curve.

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8

Gibson, C. G., and D. Marsh. "On the Geometry of Geared 5-Bar Motion." Journal of Mechanical Design 112, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 620–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912654.

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A new approach is adopted to study the geometry of the coupler curves associated to geared 5-bar motion. The key idea is to think of a configuration of the mechanism as a point in a higher - dimensional configuration space; the family of all configurations is then represented by an algebraic curve in that space. Coupler curves appear naturally as projections of this curve, so their properties can be deduced by projection, independent of any explicit knowledge of their equations.

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9

Corves, Burkhard, Guido Lonij, and Mathias Hüsing. "Kinematic Synthesis of a Step Mechanism Based on a Five Bar Linkage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 162 (March 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.162.1.

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On the basis of a five bar linkage it is possible to generate actinomorphic coupler curves if certain conditions, related to the kinematic dimensions and the gear ratio between the two cranks, are fulfilled. These symmetric coupler curves can then be used to realize a step mechanism by adding two additional links, taking advantage of the typical curvature characteristics of the generated coupler curve The following article starts with a short literature survey about five bar linkages in general and their use as dwell or step mechanisms in particular. Then it will be shown how the curvature properties of the coupler curves generated by five bar linkages can be determined by graphical means. It will be shown how this procedure can be advantageously applied with the help of an interactive geometry program, using the geometric determination of the curvature properties, such that an optimal step mechanism can be derived.

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10

Dhingra, A. K., A. N. Almadi, and D. Kohli. "A Closed-Form Approach to Coupler-Curves of Multi-Loop Mechanisms." Journal of Mechanical Design 122, no. 4 (August 1, 1999): 464–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1290394.

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This paper presents a closed-form approach, based on the theory of resultants, for deriving the coupler curve equation of 16 8-link mechanisms. The solution approach entails successive elimination of problem unknowns to reduce a multivariate system of 8 equations in 9 unknowns into a single bivariate equation. This bivariate equation is the coupler curve equation of the mechanism under consideration. Three theorems, which summarize key coupler curve characteristics, are outlined. The computational procedure is illustrated through two numerical examples. The first example addresses in detail some of the problems associated with the conversion of transcendental loop equations into an algebraic form using tangent half-angle substitutions. An extension of the proposed approach to the determination of degrees of input-output (I/O) polynomials and coupler curves for a general n-link mechanism is also presented. [S1050-0472(00)01104-1]

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11

Hoeltzel, D. A., and Wei-Hua Chieng. "Pattern Matching Synthesis as an Automated Approach to Mechanism Design." Journal of Mechanical Design 112, no. 2 (June 1, 1990): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912592.

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A new knowledge-based approach for the synthesis of mechanisms, referred to as Pattern Matching Synthesis, has been developed based on a combination of committee machine and Hopfield neutral network models of pattern classification and matching applied to coupler curves. Computational tests performed on a dimensionally-parameterized four bar mechanism have yielded 15 distinct coupler curve groups (patterns) from a total of 356 generated coupler curves. This innovative approach represents a first step toward the automation of mapping structure-to-function in mechanism design based on the application of artificial intelligence programing techniques. Demonstrative examples of its application to “real-world” mechanism synthesis problems, including the design and evaluation of a two-stroke pump mechanism and the redesign of a variable-stroke engine mechanism have been included, establishing its viability for creative mechanism synthesis.

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12

Lun Wang, De, and Da Zhun Xiao. "Distribution of coupler curves for crank-rocker linkages." Mechanism and Machine Theory 28, no. 5 (September 1993): 671–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-114x(93)90007-i.

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13

Lu, Deng-Maw, and Wen-Miin Hwang. "Spherical four-bar linkages with symmetrical coupler-curves." Mechanism and Machine Theory 31, no. 1 (January 1996): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-114x(95)00049-5.

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14

Parikian, Tigran F. "Multi-generation of coupler curves of spatial linkages." Mechanism and Machine Theory 32, no. 1 (January 1997): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-114x(96)00021-3.

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15

Dijksman, Evert A. "Symmetrical four-bar coupler curves, containing three cusps." Forschung im Ingenieurwesen 57, no. 6 (November 1991): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02575160.

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16

Yan, H. S., and W. H. Hsieh. "ON THE COUPLER CURVE OF 3R2C LINKAGES." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 22, no. 3 (September 1998): 251–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-1998-0014.

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the properties of the coupler curves generated by all 3R2C linkages. First, the 3x3 matrix with dual elements is used to derive the loop closure equation, the displacement equations are derived, and all joints variables are expressed in terms of input and output variables. Then, the parametric equations of the coupler curve are found by the D-H matrix. Finally, homogeneous coordinate is introduced to those displacement equations, and the order and some critical properties of the coupler curve are investigated based on the theories of algebraic curve and analytical geometry of three dimensions. In addition, RCRCR and RRCCR linkages are used as examples for illustration. Moreover, the results on the application of dimensional synthesis are discussed.

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17

Kota, Sridhar, Arthur G. Erdman, and Donald R. Riley. "Development of Knowledge Base for Designing Linkage-Type Dwell Mechanisms: Part 1—Theory." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 109, no. 3 (September 1, 1987): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258795.

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Linkage-type mechanisms have certain advantages over cams for dwell applications. The design of a typical six-link dwell mechanism involves adding an output dyad to the basic four-bar mechanism that generates either a circular arc or a straight line portion of the coupler curve. The entire motion characteristics of these four-bar mechanisms should be considered in order to design a suitable dwell linkage. Part 1 of this paper is devoted to the study of four-bar linkages which generate straight line, circular arc and symmetrical curves. Part 2 discusses how the design experience gained in this study can be applied to develop an expert system for designing linkage-type dwell mechanisms. Using path curvature theory and design charts developed by Tesar, et al., hundreds of four-bar straight-line mechanisms are systematically investigated. Based on the typical shapes of coupler curves these mechanisms are then classified. A synthesis technique has been developed to design four-bar mechanisms for circular arc generation. Symmetrical coupler curves with straight-line or circular-arc segments, which are required for designing double-dwell mechanisms, are studied. This paper is part of the research that is underway to develop an “expert system” for designing mechanisms to generate straight lines, circular arcs, symmetrical curves, parallel motion and dwell.

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18

Lenstra, Daan. "Rate-Equation Analysis for a Coupled-Cavity Laser with MMI Anti-Phase Coupler." International Journal of Engineering and Technologies 8 (August 2016): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijet.8.14.

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Rate equations are derived for the coupled-cavity laser with a multimode-interference coupler. A strategy and scheme is indicated for iterative self-consistent numerical solution of the steady-state equations. The presence of the linewidth-enhancement parameter is explicitly taken into account. Locking in stable single-mode anti-phase operation is numerically demonstrated and locking ranges are given. Numerical results are given for the output power and the operation frequency as functions of the pump strengths of the individual lasers. The shapes of output-intensity curves agree well with measured curves.

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19

Sun, J. W., D. Q. Mu, and J. K. Chu. "Fourier series method for path generation of RCCC mechanism." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 3 (September 5, 2011): 816–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211416176.

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The mathematical representation of the coupler curves of RCCC mechanism is established. The coupler curve of RCCC mechanism is analysed using the Fourier series theory. The internal relation between the coupler curve and the dimensional type of the RCCC mechanism in the frequency domain is discovered. Subsequently, a database comprising millions of basic dimensional types, taking the crank–rocker linkages as an example, is established. Based on the information of prescribed coupler and the database, the best suitable basic dimensional type can be determined by identification. The mathematical equations for calculating actual dimensions of mechanism and positional dimensions of installation are deduced. Thus, the path synthesis problem of RCCC mechanism can be solved by the mathematic equations and the basic dimensional type. The calculation illustration is given later in this article.

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20

Pennock, Gordon R., and Atif Hasan. "A Polynomial Equation for a Coupler Curve of the Double Butterfly Linkage." Journal of Mechanical Design 124, no. 1 (April 1, 2000): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1436087.

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This paper presents a closed-form polynomial equation for the path of a point fixed in the coupler links of the single degree-of-freedom eight-bar linkage commonly referred to as the double butterfly linkage. The revolute joint that connects the two coupler links of this planar linkage is a special point on the two links and is chosen to be the coupler point. A systematic approach is presented to obtain the coupler curve equation, which expresses the Cartesian coordinates of the coupler point as a function of the link dimensions only; i.e., the equation is independent of the angular joint displacements of the linkage. From this systematic approach, the polynomial equation describing the coupler curve is shown to be, at most, forty-eighth order. This equation is believed to be an original contribution to the literature on coupler curves of a planar eight-bar linkage. The authors hope that this work will result in the eight-bar linkage playing a more prominent role in modern machinery.

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21

Ge, Q. Jeffrey, and J. M. McCarthy. "The Algebraic Classification of the Image Curves of Spherical Four-Bar Motion." Journal of Mechanical Design 113, no. 3 (September 1, 1991): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912773.

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A rotational displacement of the coupler of a spherical four-bar linkage can be mapped to a point with coordinates given by the Euler parameters of the rotation. The set of rotational movements available to the coupler defines a curve in this three-dimensional projective space (four homogeneous coordinates). In this paper, we determine the generalized eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the pencil of quadrics that pass through this curve and examine their properties. The result is an algebraic classification of the image curves that parallels the well-known classification of spherical four-linkages. In addition, we find that the characteristic polynomial of the system yields Grashof’s criterion for the rotatability of cranks.

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22

Lee, Chun-Te, and Chun-Che Lee. "On a hybrid particle swarm optimization method and its application in mechanism design." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 228, no. 15 (February 9, 2014): 2844–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214522206.

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In this article, we propose a hybrid particle swarm optimization method and obtain the optimal solutions of the synthesis of mechanism. We study the mathematics on the four-bar linkage and its objective function on the optimization process and conduct the numerical experiment for four cases of movement of mechanical linkage bars (coupler curves). The result of synthesis of mechanism is not only shown to be in better accuracy but also properly matches the designated mechanical coupler bar curve.

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23

Donelan, P. S., and C. P. Scott. "Real inflections of hinged planar four-bar coupler curves." Mechanism and Machine Theory 30, no. 8 (November 1995): 1179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-114x(95)00047-3.

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24

Pickard, Joshua K., Juan A. Carretero, and Jean-Pierre Merlet. "Towards the appropriate synthesis of the four-bar linkage." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 42, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2017-0001.

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Uncertainties are an inherent element in all mechanisms, arising from the manufacturing and assembly process or even from the operation of the device. In terms of synthesis routines for mechanisms, uncertainties are generally neglected since they are difficult to account for. In this work, the concept of appropriate design is utilized to develop routines that can more easily account for uncertainties in the geometrical parameters. These routines have been developed for linkages, specifically the four-bar linkage, and are capable of synthesizing the complete set of design solutions, referred to as allowable regions, for a set of desired coupler curve characteristics. The description of the desired coupler curve may contain any number of precision points and (or) trajectories. Several problems are solved in this work, including obtaining a representation of the coupler curve corresponding to a set of design parameters containing uncertainties, and synthesizing the appropriate designs for multiple descriptions of desired coupler curves. The results are quite promising and show great potential for using the appropriate design methodology for linkage synthesis.

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25

Qu, Bao Zhang, Bi Hong Lu, Jian Song Huang, and Yu Liu. "Rigid-Flexible Hybrid MBD Based Modeling and Simulation Method for Coupler Mechanism." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.416.

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The coupler mechanism is a key component of vehicle connection. The geometric shape of parts are very complex. Between the working parts there is a certain clearance, and mechanism function is implementated by the collision contact of these parts. So, it is very difficult to analyze how coupler works exactly. The RecurDyn software, the latest research results of multi-body dynamics (MBD), is used for modeling and simulation. The working state of the coupler device was reproduced in the software. The modeling and simulation of coupler irregular mechanism was created by using the rigid-flexible hybrid MBD system. Through the simulation results, including main parts parameter curves about mass centre motion, force curves on the joints, contact force between parts, and key components stress concentration area as well, the functional reliability and the structural reliability of coupler were analyzed in operating environment. Applying the MBD theory and technology above, the structural and functional reliability can be predicted for coupler liked complex mechanism.

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26

Angeles, J., and O. Ma. "Performance Evaluation of Four-Bar Linkages for Rigid-Body Guidance Based on Generalized Coupler Curves." Journal of Mechanical Design 113, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912744.

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The concept of generalized coupler curves of linkages is introduced in this paper. Using this concept, the study of path generation and rigid-body guidance can be done within the same framework for analysis, synthesis and optimization of linkages. Moreover, a unified method of performance evaluation for rigid-body guidance is presented, that is applicable to four-bar linkages of any type, as long as the linkages have quadratic input-output or input-coupler functions. The method is an extension of the performance-evaluation method for path generation introduced in a previous paper. That method is based on the usual coupler curves, and hence, is only applicable to path-generation problems. The present method is based on generalized coupler curves, and is, thus, applicable to the problems of both path-generation and rigid-body guidance. It is oriented towards the iterative optimization of rigid-body-guidance tasks with four-bar linkages, and hence, considers numerical complexity as a determining issue. Numerical examples in which the method is applied to a planar four-bar linkage and a spherical four-bar linkage are included.

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27

Lan, Z., Zou Huijun, and Lu Liuming. "Kinematic decomposition of coupler plane and the study on the formation and distribution of coupler curves." Mechanism and Machine Theory 37, no. 1 (January 2002): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-114x(01)00054-4.

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28

WATANABE, Katsumi, and Tadanori OKADA. "Automatic classification of coupler curves of planar four-link mechanisms." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 55, no. 10 (1989): 1833–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.55.1833.

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29

Awida, Mohamed H., Amr M. E. Safwat, and Hadia El-Hennawy. "Compact rat-race hybrid coupler using meander space-filling curves." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 48, no. 3 (2006): 606–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.21421.

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Sun, Jianwei, and Jinkui Chu. "Fourier series representation of the coupler curves of spatial linkages." Applied Mathematical Modelling 34, no. 5 (May 2010): 1396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2009.08.030.

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Yuan, Wen Qi, Yue Liu, Dong Li, and Guo Ying Meng. "Research on Overloading Protection of Permanent Magnetic Coupler in Coal Mine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 597 (July 2014): 492–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.597.492.

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In this paper, with simulations and experiments analysed by the software of Ansoft Maxwell, research on overloading protection of permanent magnetic coupler in coal mine is carried out and the conclusive curves of mechanical characteristics are plotted through experimental data. The conclusion can be gained from mechanical characteristic curves: when the output value of torque reaches the maximum torque of magnetic coupler, the output torque and speed will drop along with increases of the slip, and the input power value of motor is less than the power value at the time when the motor torque value is at the maximum. It explains that the magnetic coupler has the function for overloading protection.

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ZHANG, JING, YUNDONG ZHANG, XUENAN ZHANG, BO YU, DAN WU, HE TIAN, PING YUAN, NAN WANG, and JINFANG WANG. "SLOW LIGHT IN A TWO MICROSPHERE OPTICAL FIBER SYSTEM." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 18, no. 04 (December 2009): 591–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863509004920.

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The condition of being undercoupled and overcoupled for the lower microsphere is investigated respectively in two microspheres coupled with a fiber taper system. The effective phase shift curves which could occur in normal dispersion to generate slow light are different based on both situations. The influence of the loss coefficient and coupler parameter for each microsphere is interpreted in detail.

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Watanabe, Katsumi, Hiroaki Katoh, and Ying Xu. "A Procedure for Arranging Equi-distance Points on Nongrashof Coupler Curves." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2000.2 (2000): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2000.2.0_321.

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Lu, Bi Hong, Wen Yi Wei, and Bao Zhang Qu. "How Coupler-Knuckle’s Surface S Angle Impact on Coupler Operation Performances." Key Engineering Materials 620 (August 2014): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.620.306.

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The rail wagon coupler is casting part. Some of foreign products’ error dispersion is significantly greater than domestics’. What influence generated by the results acting on the actual use of performance is still not clear. To this end, this article studied the influence generated by the angle of surface S tangent of coupler-knuckle on coupling connection contour and starting bearing line (referred to as surface S angle) to traction reliability, coupling feasibility and acting force in tangent line, systematically. And authors explored the value ranges of surface S angle in order to ensure the operation performance of coupler-knuckle. Firstly, find the major factors which are associated to surface S angle by studying the movement mechanism of coupling and traction. For example, the maximum level angle of coupler-knuckles, the ability for vehicle to pass the curves, etc. And then, get analytical expression of coupler surface S angle and related factors by means of theoretical derivation. After that, obtain value ranges of surface S angle. Finally, carry on experiments with multi-body dynamics simulation software RecurDyn. On the one hand, eliminate unreasonable value ranges obtained by theoretical derive, on the other hand, analyze the changing rule of the acting force on coupler-knuckle contour. The results prove that, when coupler surface S angle is , the traction performance of coupler is relatively stable, the coupling performance is relatively reliable, the contact force on coupler-knuckle contour is smaller. The conclusion is consistent with surface S angle parameter required by the standard system of Association of American Railroads. The research results above provided the theoretical basis for improving coupler’s manufacturability.

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35

Lu, Deng-Maw. "THE DEGENERATED SPHERICAL BURMESTER CURVES OF THE PP-P-P CASE." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 21, no. 2 (June 1997): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-1997-0007.

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In this paper an analytic method to investigate the degenerated spherical Burmester curves of the PP-P-P case is presented. (Provided that an instant centre and two poles associated with two rotation angles of a coupler are specified, a geometric construction is established to determine the spherical centre- and circle-point.) According to the geometric construction, the explicit equations of spherical Burmester curves for the PP-P-P case are thus derived, without the use of differentiation, but by using spherical cross ratio. By assigning proper parameter values to equations obtained, six types of degenerated spherical Burmester curves of the PP-P-P case are obtained directly, which include three different forms of the degenerated curve: (1) a point, (2) a great circle and a spherical Thales ellipse and (3) three great circles.

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36

Su, Ming, Zhong Ping Xi, Dong Min Zhu, Zhong Chang Gu, and Heng Wang. "Research on Electrical Transmission System with Hydraulic Coupler." Advanced Materials Research 871 (December 2013): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.871.77.

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In this paper, a simulation model of the electrical transmission system with hydraulic coupler is established based on the analysis of the mechanical characteristics of the motor, the original characteristic curves of the hydraulic coupler and the torque equations of the pump wheel and the turbine. The starting and impact process of the system are simulated and the results reveal the mechanism of the characteristics of the starting process of the system and the isolation effect of the torsional vibration of the hydraulic coupler.

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37

CHU, Jinkui. "Unified Approach to Synthesis of Coupler Curves of Linkage by Fourier Series." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 46, no. 13 (2010): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2010.13.031.

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38

Li, Zhen. "MORPHOLOGICALY ANALYSISING METHOD FOR THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COUPLER CURVES OF LINKAGE MECHANISM." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 38, no. 02 (2002): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2002.02.027.

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39

Hwang, Wen-Miln, and Ke-Hao Chen. "TRIANGULAR NOMOGRAMS FOR SYMMETRICAL SPHERICAL FOUR-BAR LINKAGES GENERATING SYMMETRICAL COUPLER CURVES." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 29, no. 1 (March 2005): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2005-0008.

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40

WATANABE, Katsumi, and Tadanori OKADA. "Automatic classification of coupler curves of planar six-link mechanisms of the Watt-type. (2nd Report. Classification of curves)." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 56, no. 523 (1990): 821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.56.821.

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41

Kota, S. "Automatic Selection of Mechanism Designs from a Three-Dimensional Design Map." Journal of Mechanical Design 114, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2926561.

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Often a simple (four-bar linkage) mechanism to trace a desired path is sought. Dimensions of linkages to trace a specified coupler curve exactly are difficult to determine. Precision point techniques do not guarantee that the desired path will be generated. The methodology presented in this paper is based on indirect synthesis approach to select four-bar linkages that trace a given desired path. A practical, computer-aided three-dimensional design chart for the selection of four-bar linkage candidate designs that trace symmetrical paths is presented. It is based on hypothesis that any arbitrary path can be approximated by a symmetrical path at least for the purpose of choosing an initial design. Four-bar linkages that generate symmetrical paths are easier to design and exhibit a definite pattern of changes in their shape as the linkage parameters are varied. General design categories and the corresponding solution subspaces in the 3-D design map are identified to aid in the selection of candidate designs. The automation of the design-selection process requires a satisfactory means to quantitatively compare the “desired” and the “known” coupler curves. This paper addresses the issues involved in quantitative comparison of two arbitrary curves using parameterization and shape evaluation. A design example of automated selection of mechanism designs is also presented.

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42

Lu, Deng-Maw. "EXPLICIT EQUATIONS AND SPECIAL CASES OF THE BURMESTER CURVES FOR THE PPP-P CASE." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 21, no. 4 (December 1997): 389–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-1997-0019.

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This paper presents an analytic treatment to investigate the Burmester curves of the PPP-P case. Provided that an instant center associated with an inflection point and rotation angle of a coupler about a pole are specified, the explicit equations of Burmester curves for the PPP-P case are directly derived without any differential process. Because the explicit equations derived are of quadratic form, their geometric properties can be easily investigated. Six degenerated cases and three special cases of the Burmester curves for the PPP-P case are obtained. A design example is presented.

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SUN, Jianwei. "Synthesis of Coupler Curves of Spherical Four-bar Mechanism Through Fast Fourier Transform." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 44, no. 07 (2008): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2008.07.032.

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44

Hwang, Wen-Miin, and Ke-Hao Chen. "Triangular nomograms for symmetrical spherical non-Grashof double-rockers generating symmetrical coupler curves." Mechanism and Machine Theory 42, no. 7 (July 2007): 871–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2006.05.008.

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45

Ullah, Irfan, and Sridhar Kota. "Optimal Synthesis of Mechanisms for Path Generation Using Fourier Descriptors and Global Search Methods." Journal of Mechanical Design 119, no. 4 (December 1, 1997): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826396.

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Generally, success in synthesis of mechanisms for path generation is limited to finding a reasonable local optima at best in spite of a very good initial guess. The most widely used Structural Error objective function is not effective in leading to practical solutions as it misrepresents the nature of the design problem by requiring the shape, size, orientation and position of the coupler curve to be optimized all at once. In this paper, we present an effective objective function based on Fourier descriptors that evaluates only the shape differences between two curves. This function is first minimized using a stochastic global search method derived from simulated annealing followed by Powell’s method. The size, orientation and position of the desired curve are addressed in a later stage by determining analogous points on the desired and candidate curves. In spite of highly non-linear mechanisms design space, our method discovers near-global and practical solutions consistently without requiring any initial guess.

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46

WATANABE, Katsumi. "Automatic classification of coupler curves of planar six-link mechanisms of the Watt-type. (1st Report. Node and curvature-curve)." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 54, no. 508 (1988): 3133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.54.3133.

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47

Marble, Sean D., and Gordon R. Pennock. "Algebraic-geometric properties of the coupler curves of the RCCC spatial four-bar mechanism." Mechanism and Machine Theory 35, no. 5 (May 2000): 675–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-114x(99)00039-7.

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48

WATANABE, Katsumi, Xu Ying, and Hiroaki KATOH. "Classification of Coupler Curves of Nongrashof Planar Four-Link Mechanisms and Its Driving Method." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 70, no. 691 (2004): 812–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.70.812.

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49

Chang, C.-F., D.-M. Lu, and W.-M. Hwang. "Synthesis of spherical four-bar path generator satisfying the prescribed tangents at two cusps." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 211, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406971521782.

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Design equations for spherical four-bar linkages to trace a coupler curve with two prescribed cusps are derived in this study by using a special case of spherical Burmester curves. For the case in which the tangents at two cusps are also prescribed, an analytical method is proposed with the aid of the foregoing design equations associated with the concept of the spherical cross ratio and spherical Bobillier theorem. The proposed method is straightforward and quite useful for those cases in which the tangents at two cusps are neither on the same plane nor on parallel planes. Numerical examples are also provided for illustrating the entire technique.

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50

Xu, Ying, Katsumi WATANABE, and Hiroaki KATOH. "Synthesis of Coupler Curves of Nongrashof Planar Four-link Mechanisms by A Pattern Matching Method." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2000.2 (2000): 323–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2000.2.0_323.

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