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Academic literature on the topic 'Courants marins – Pacifique (océan ; sud-ouest)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Courants marins – Pacifique (océan ; sud-ouest)"
Couvelard, Xavier. "Structure et dynamique des jets barotropes créés par les îles du Pacifique Sud-Ouest." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/149/.
Full textThe oceanic circulation entering the tropical southwest Pacific (SWP) is dominated by the broad westward flow of the South Equatorial Current (SEC), forced by the trade winds. It has been argued that the numerous islands of the SWP are able to restructure the SEC into a series of deep and narrow zonal jets, which control important pathways connecting equatorial and extra-equatorial signals. The primary objective of this study is to improve our understanding of the structure and dynamics of SWP zonal jets, giving special attention to topographic effects. Our study is based on the use of a high-resolution regional oceanic model, whose solution is compared with observations, as well as with solutions from global models and the Sverdrup relation. Our model indicates that the regional topography drives a general equatorward shift of the SEC, which is beneficial to the North Fiji, North Vanuatu and North Caledonian Jets. A depth-integrated vorticity budget shows that this topographic effect is considerably attenuated by baroclinicity and advection processes, but not to the point of total compensation as often admitted for the interior ocean. The effect of non-linear advection is to allow flow rectification of the jets fluctuations which takes the form of zonally elongated dipole circulations in the leeward side of the islands
Couvelard, Xavier Gourdeau Lionel Marchesiello Patrick. "Structure et dynamique des jets barotropes créés pas les îles du Pacifique Sud-Ouest." Toulouse (Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 3), 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/149.
Full textPang, Xiaolei. "Heat and salinity transport across the Indonesian Archipelago over the last 270,000 years : new insights into the orbital and millennial dynamics of the Indonesian Throughflow and the Intertropical Convergence Zone." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS365.
Full textThis work aimed at reconstructing the late Quaternary evolution of surface and thermocline temperature and ocean surface water δ¹⁸O in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool by combining Mg/Ca-thermometry and stable oxygen isotope analyses on surface and thermocline-dwelling planktonic foraminifers retrieved from sediment cores in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean. This study allowed to re-evaluate the effects of different cleaning methods and in-situ dissolution on the Mg-thermometry of planktonic foraminifers, evidencing the need for species-dependent corrections. Then, the IPWP evolution over the last 270,000 years has been explored. Results indicate that surface water δ¹⁸O chiefly reflects lateral advection rather than local precipitation history, and suggest that surface IPWP hydrology is controlled by the latitudinal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone at orbital timescale as well as during abrupt northern hemisphere climatic events (i.e. Heinrich events). Ocean surface salinity in the IPWP and Agulhas leakage region varied synchronously, implying their teleconnection through oceanic and atmospheric circulation. Moreover, changes in the transport of thermocline water to the Indian Ocean by the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) have been reconstructed. Results show that thermocline water transport was weaker during glacials (i.e. MIS 6 and 4-2) than during interglacials (MIS 7, MIS 5 and Holocene), and exerted significant influence on Indian Ocean TWT change
Laxenaire, Rémi. "Étude du devenir des tourbillons des Aiguilles et de leur transport dans l’océan Atlantique Sud à partir d’observations satellitaires et in situ." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX005/document.
Full textThe Indo-Atlantic interocean heat exchanges are tightly linked to global ocean circulation and climate. They are principally achieved by the Agulhas Rings (AR) which are investigated in this thesis by means of 24 years of daily satellite-altimetry maps and Argo floats profiles.By applying the TOEddies eddy identification and tracking algorithm, developped in this study, to daily maps of Absolute Dynamical Topography (ADT), we estimate Agulhas Rings origins, paths and lifetime. The main novelty lies in the detection of numerous eddy splitting and merging events that leads to the definition of a network of trajectories instead of a biunivocal identification between an eddy with a single trajectory. The results obtained by the network differ considerably with previous estimates connecting eddies formed in the Indian Ocean upstream of the Agulhas Current to eddies in the Brazil Current.The collocation of the reconstructed segments of AR trajectories with Argo profiling floats gives access to their thermohaline structure which allows to estimate their in-route evolution. In particular, we show modification of an AR, transitioning from a surface to a subsurface intensified eddy while it subduct when entering the South Atlantic subtropical gyre. This transformation results in the creation of two Mode Water cores which concentrate most of the heat content of this AR.Finally, an estimate of AR geographical distribution was obtained from the numerous eddies detected in the Cape Basin and South Atlantic Ocean. It shows that AR generally subduct when they leave the Cape Basin. Moreover, for each eddy sufficiently sampled by Argo floats, we were able to estimate its heat content anomaly with respect of the environment. AR heat content anomalies result to be important all along their trajectories even if they release heat along their path. Combining both eulerian and lagrangian methods, we estimate the sub-surface heat transport achieved by their AR while they propagate in the South Atlantic
Houssard, Patrick. "Variations des concentrations en mercure dans les réseaux trophiques marins de l'Océan Pacifique Sud : état des lieux, caractérisation des sources et relations avec la dynamique trophique et physique du milieu." Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NCAL0001/document.
Full textMercury is a naturally distributed heavy metal which is characterized, under its organic form (monomethylmercury; MMHg), by its bioaccumulation in living organisms and its biomagnifications along food chains. Since the awareness of MMHg neurotoxicity, lots of research works have focused on understanding where and how MMHg is formed and transmited to marine food webs. Those questions are keys in order to anticipate how MMHg, in commercially fish species, will respond in a context of increasing mercury emissions and climate change.This work is part of this approach by studying total mercury spatial variations from muscle tissue of three tuna species: bigeye, albacore and yellowfin tuna, captured within the south Pacific Ocean. Every tuna species demonstrated a consistent and similar spatial trend, with higher total mercury concentrations in the southwest and lower concentrations in the western equatorial Pacific. This spatial trend seems to be in accordance with varying tuna diet linked to the thermal features of the water column. By combining archival tagging data and nitrogen stable isotope analysis, we showed that the deepening of bigeye tuna vertical habitat around New Caledonia might allow them to forage on deeper and MMHg enriched preys. Additionnaly, dissolved MMHg profiles in the southwest Pacific suggest higher methylation processes in the epipelagic zone leading, possibly, to higher MMHg bioavailability for marine food chains.This study highlighted the key role of tuna trophic ecology and particularly foraging depth in their MMHg exposure. Those features have to be considered in future studies evaluating food webs contamination at a spatial or temporal scale
Gasparin, Florent. "Caractéristiques des Masses d'Eau, Transport de masse et Variabilité de la circulation océanique en mer de Corail." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00840821.
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