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Jágrová, Zdeňka. "Serious courses of influenza in the season 2018/2019 in Prague." Pediatrie pro praxi 21, no. 1 (March 19, 2020): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/ped.2020.001.
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Board, Editorial. "Chronicle." Kazan medical journal 20, no. 8 (August 11, 2021): 894–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj76989.
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In the upcoming uch. year again accepted for the first course Med. Faculty Kaz. The university has 160 students. On II. III, IV and V courses consist of a total of 1380 students, including from Yaroslavl, Crimean, Nizhny Novgorod, Ural, II and partly I Moscow universities, 268 people were transferred: 19 to the I course, 49 to II, 35 to III, 39 On IV and 126 on V.
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Kulinok, Svatoslav, and Lyudmila Halapina. "German reconnaissance and sabotage schools and courses in the territory of the Soviet Union in 1941-1944: quantitative and regional characteristics." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2019, no. 12_3 (December 1, 2019): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii201912statyi76.
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Sladek, Z., and D. Rysanek. "Expression of macrophage CD14 receptor in the course of experimental inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide and muramyl dipeptide." Veterinární Medicína 53, No. 7 (July 31, 2008): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1991-vetmed.
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The aim of this study was to determine whether expression of CD14 on macrophages is regulated differently during initiation and resolution of the inflammatory response caused by CD14-dependent (lipopolysaccharide) and CD14-independent (muramyldipeptide) bacterial signals. In cell suspensions from the site of inflammation we observed two types of macrophages: non-vacuolized (<sub>N</sub>MAC) and vacuolized (<sub>V</sub>MAC) cells. <sub>N</sub>MAC (monocyte-like cells) were dominant during the early stage of the inflammatory response, whilst <sub>V</sub>MAC contained phagocytosed apoptotic neutrophils in various stages of digestion. These latter cells were dominant during resolution (particularly at the last time point of 168 h). Intramammary instillation of muramyldipeptide (MDP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in a significant increase in the total count of CD14+ <sub>N</sub>MAC after 24 h (muramyldipeptide <I>P</I> < 0.01 and lipopolysaccharide <I>P</I> < 0.05) compared to phosphate buffered saline (PBS). During resolution of the inflammatory response, a gradual decrease in the total count of CD14+ <sub>N</sub>MAC was observed. The difference compared with PBS was significant at 48 h and 72 h after instillation of both bacterial agents (muramyldipeptide: <I>P</I> < 0.05; lipopolysaccharide: <I>P</I> < 0.05). A lower total count of CD14+ <sub>V</sub>MAC was observed as an effect of MDP and LPS at 24 h after induction (<I>P</I> < 0.05), when compared to PBS. During resolution, the total count of CD14+ <sub>V</sub>MAC increased. Differences (<I>P</I> < 0.01) were observed at 72 h and 168 h after LPS compared to PBS. We therefore assume that the expression of CD14 on macrophages is not regulated differently during the inflammatory responses caused by CD14-dependent and CD14-independent bacterial signals. On the other hand, the stage of the inflammatory response to MDP and LPS played an important role in the regulation of CD14 expression on macrophages.
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Atta, Malik Amer, Muhammad Javed Iqbal, and Abdul Hafeez Joya. "Teachers' Perception Regarding Determinants Of Primary School Students' Dropout At Khyber Pakhtunkhwa." Global Educational Studies Review V, no. I (March 30, 2020): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(v-i).05.
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The problem under consideration was "Teachers' perception regarding determinants primary school students' dropout at Khyber Pakhtunkhwa". Sample of eight schools, four male (two rural and two urban) and four female (two rural and two urban) was drawn/selected from selected district. Thus a total sample of one hundred and ninety-two schools was selected randomly from all the twenty four districts. A questionnaire entailing of thirty one items was developed and administered to the stakeholders for the purpose of data collection. Percentage statistics was used for analysis of data. Mostly teachers opinion that causes of dropout include illiterate paternal, deprived financial position of parents, overburden courses, absence of governmental attention, absence of student's interest, absence of co-curricular activities, students absenteeism from school, distance between school and home, repeating the same class, absence of physical facilities absence of efforts to abstain students from being drop out, absence of paternal interest, paternal over affection and rising expenses.
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Zaidi, Masooma, Fareeha Javed, and Sana Baig. "An Analysis of the HEC's English Language Teaching Reforms (ELTR) Project." I V, no. I (March 30, 2020): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(v-i).30.
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This study aimed to analyze the English Language Teaching Reforms (ELTR) project, which was launched by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan in 2004. The purpose of the ELTR project was to enhance the teaching practices of English Language (EL) teachers teaching at the tertiary level. A further aim of the ELTR project was to bridge the gap between college and university teachers. The project was divided into two phases: Phase I (2004-2010) and Phase II (2010-2013). In both phases, EL teachers were trained from various public colleges and universities across Pakistan. The teachers were offered long and short-term courses through which they could be professionally developed. This study adopted a qualitative methodology. In order to collect data, HEC's documents, reports and research did by other researchers on the ELTR project were analyzed. The findings revealed that HEC tried to accomplish its set goals, but there were certain areas in which the set goals of ELTR were not achieved. As HEC took a challenging step to train a large number of EL teachers, resultantly it had to face various challenges like scrutiny of participant's background, lack of facilities, monitoring and evaluation and implementation of the training provided through the project.
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McIntosh, Constance E., Diana Bantz, and Cynthia M. Thomas. "Strategies for innovative teaching and learning Part 2: How to deliver a distance education online course." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 11, no. 9 (May 17, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v11n9p39.
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The second article in a three-part series discusses how to deliver a distance education online course by i) assuring understanding of the learning platform, ii) developing a course model, iii) creating individual assignment rubrics for courses, iv) requiring active participation from both instructor and students, and v) setting-up quality communication. This paper is a continuation of the first paper whereby the history of distance learning, the positives and negatives of online learning, advantages and disadvantages of online learning, and the initial considerations for establishing online courses.
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Nordin, Norazah, Helmi Norman, Mohamed Amin Embi, Ahmad Zamri Mansor, and Fazilah Idris. "Factors for Development of Learning Content and Task for MOOCs in an Asian Context." International Education Studies 9, no. 5 (April 26, 2016): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n5p48.
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<p class="apa">The rapid advancement of emergent learning technologies has led to the introduction of massive open online courses (MOOCs) which offer open-based online learning courses to a large number of students. In line with the advancement, the Malaysia Ministry of Education has recently initiated Malaysia MOOCs via collaboration with four public universities. This paper proposes factors that could be used in development of MOOC learning content, which are: (i) type of MOOC, (ii) type of video lectures, (iii) integration of cultural aspects in video lectures, (iv) communication style in video lectures; and (v) humor effect in video lectures. The paper also proposes factors in developing MOOC learning tasks, namely: (i) structure of learning tasks; (ii) dialog in learning tasks; (iii) learner autonomy in learning tasks; (iv) social settings of learning tasks; and (v) transactional distance of learning tasks. The factors are based on experiences during development of MOOC for ethnic relations and are aligned with learning concepts and strategies such as the transactional distance theory and the theory of the computer model of a sense of humor. Future directions on the development and research on MOOCs are also proposed.</p>
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Ravindranath, Y., C. P. Steuber, J. Krischer, C. I. Civin, J. Ducore, R. Vega, P. Pitel, S. Inoue, E. Bleher, and C. Sexauer. "High-dose cytarabine for intensification of early therapy of childhood acute myeloid leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 9, no. 4 (April 1991): 572–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1991.9.4.572.
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In June 1984, the Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) initiated a pilot study (8498) using high-dose cytarabine (HdA; 3 g/m2) for intensification of early therapy in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (group I). Remission induction therapy consisted of two courses of daunorubicin, cytarabine (Ara-C), and thioguanine (DAT). Postremission therapy consisted of four sequential courses, each consisting of (1) four doses of HdA (HdA4) followed by asparaginase (L-Asp), (2) etoposide (VP) plus azacytidine (Az), (3) prednisone, vincristine, methotrexate, and mercaptopurine (POMP), and (4) Ara-C daily for 5 days by continuous infusion. Six doses of intrathecal Ara-C were given for CNS prophylaxis. In December 1986, the protocol was amended (group II) to substitute six doses of HdA (HdA6) for the second DAT (two + five) induction course; postinduction, a single course of HdA6 was given instead of four HdA/L-Asp courses, and the remainder of the therapy was unchanged. One hundred forty group I patients and 145 group II patients were assessable. The two groups were similar with regard to clinical prognostic groups. No significant differences were noted in the two groups with regard to remission induction (85% [SE = 2%] in each group), induction deaths (6.5% v 7.0%), or deaths in remission (one in each group). Cerebellar toxicity was reported in three patients in group II (with HdA6) but none in group I (HdA4). At present, patients who received HdA6 (group II) had higher event-free survival than patients in group I (EFS at 3 years, 34% [SE = 11%] v 29% [SE = 4%]), and disease-free survival (DFS at 3 years, 42% [SE = 14%] v 34% [SE = 4%]), but the differences were not statistically significant. In both groups, children less than 2 years and those with WBCs less than 100,000/microL had significantly better outcome (EFS of 55% [SE = 10%] and 36% [SE = 5%] at 3 years, respectively) than children greater than or equal to 2 years and those with WBCs greater than or equal to 100,000/microL (EFS of 27% [SE = 5%] and 20% [SE = 9%] at 3 years, respectively.
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Yu, Ying, Yali Zhang, Ling Yin, and Jiang Lu. "The Mode of Host Resistance to Plasmopara viticola Infection of Grapevines." Phytopathology® 102, no. 11 (November 2012): 1094–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-02-12-0028-r.
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The resistance and susceptibility of grapevines to downy mildew (DM) disease caused by Plasmopara viticola were compared among different cultivars/accessions belonging to Vitis vinifera, V. rotundifolia, and 10 oriental Vitis species. After inoculation with P. viticola pathogen, no symptom was found in V. rotundifolia grapevines at all, while oriental species V. davidii and V. piasezkii, like V. vinifera, were susceptible to DM disease. The other eight oriental Vitis species showed various resistance levels to DM disease. Intraspecific resistant variations were also observed in V. amurensis. Microscopy studies were conducted on various time courses after pathogen infection on grape leaves. P. viticola hyphae were not observed in V. rotundifolia cultivars, while symptoms with varying degrees of severity were observed among the Euvitis species. In general, the DM resistant oriental species showed a slower development of hypha and less formation of haustoria than DM susceptible V. vinifera grapevines. Cells with distinctive fluorescence were observed in V. rotundifolia and the oriental species V. pseudoreticulata, and callose deposits were observed in V. rotundifolia, V. pseudoreticulata, and V. amurensis grapevines. Based on the results of morphological observations and microscopy studies, we concluded that there were five levels of grapevine resistance to P. viticola pathogen: (i) immune, (ii) extremely resistant, (iii) resistant, (iv) partly resistant, and (v) susceptible.
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Chepik, G. S., I. K. Grebnev, T. N. Karpova, I. K. Soldatov, R. A. Lachin, O. A. Savitskaya, and S. M. Ismailov. "PROFESSOR V. M. UVAROV: THE ORGANIZER OF DENTAL CARE SERVICES IN SOVIET NAVY (on the occasion of his 125-years anniversary)." Marine Medicine 4, no. 2 (July 8, 2018): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2413-5747-2018-4-2-85-93.
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The scientific, pedagogic, and medical activities of Prof. V. M. Uvarov are describedbased on the available literature. During World War I, he was at service in Russian Army; then he worked at medical facilities in Crimea (assistant at the Department of Physiology and, later, at the Department of Surgery ofCrimeanUniversity). Positions occupied by him in the Northwest of Russia were Head of the Surgical Department of Municipal Hospital in Shlisselburg and senior assistant at the Department of Stomatology of I. P. Pavlov First Medical Insitute of Leningrad. He conducted research at Navy Medical Academy and S. M. Kirov military Medical Academy, contributed to the organization of dental care service in Soviet Navy before and during World War II, organized dentistry departments of Navy hospitals, developed advanced educational courses for dentists and courses for military medical assistants retraining into dentists, and contributed to Volume 6 of the monograph «The Experience of Soviet Medicine Gained During the Great Patriotic War in 1941–1945». In September 1956, whenNavyMedicalAcademywas fused withS.M.KirovMilitaryMedicalAcademy, the staff of the Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry was reinforcedwith specialists in the organization of dental care services, including Professor V. M. Uvarov, Assistant Professor D. Ye. Tanfilyev and Candidates of Medical Sciences Yu. B. Gorskiy and V. A. Malyshev. This made it possible to expand the range of issues tackled at the Department. Prof. V. M. Uvarov was Head Dentist of Soviet Navy in 1942–1953 and of the Ministry of Defense of theUSSRin 1953–1954. His is the author of several monographs, including «Oral Injuries Treatment at Rear Line Hospitals», «Clinics of and Therapy for Osteomyelitis of Jaws» (1947), «Odonthogenic Maxillary Sinusitis» (1962), «Manual of Stomatology and Oral Surgery (1967), and «Odontjogenic Inflammatory Processes».
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Federico, Sara Michele, Elizabeth Stewart, Jamie L. Coleman, Michael William Bishop, Victor M. Santana, Catherine Lam, Dana Hawkins, et al. "Phase I study of talazoparib and irinotecan in children and young adults with recurrent/refractory solid tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 10542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.10542.
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10542 Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) target tumors with deficiencies in DNA repair mechanisms. Talazoparib (TAL), a potent PARP inhibitor, demonstrated significant efficacy in a Ewing sarcoma model when combined with DNA-damaging irinotecan (IRN). We performed a phase I trial to determine the maximum tolerated doses (MTDs) of TAL and IRN in pediatric patients with solid tumors. Methods: Cohorts of 3-6 eligible patients (pts) with recurrent/refractory solid tumors received escalating doses of oral (PO) TAL and intravenous (IV) IRN in a 3+3 design (Table 1). Each course was 21 days. Serum for TAL and IRN pharmacokinetics (PK) were obtained. Toxicities were assessed using CTCAE v.4 and responses were evaluated by RECIST v.1.1. Results: Twenty-four pts (9 male; median age, 11 years; 18 recurrent) received a median of 2 courses (range, 1-18). Fifteen pts had prior exposure to IRN. Table 1 summarizes the dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in course 1. The most common grade 3 or higher non-hematologic and hematologic toxicities in 82 evaluable courses were febrile neutropenia (5), elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT, 4), neutropenia (22) and lymphopenia (17). Two of 22 evaluable patients had a response (CR Ewing sarcoma, 18 courses; PR synovial sarcoma, 10 courses) and 9 had disease stabilization, median 4 courses (range, 4-10). Results of PK tests will be presented. Conclusions: The recommended phase II doses are TAL 600mcg/m2 (max 1000mcg/dose) days 1-6 and IRN 40mg/m2/day days 2-6. This regimen is feasible with evidence of anti-tumor activity and warrants further investigation. Clinical trial information: NCT02392793. [Table: see text]
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Sutyrin, Sergey F., and Igor O. Nesterov. "Should the euro have been invented if it did not exist? (On the book by O. V. Butorina “An economic history of the euro”)." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 3 (March 10, 2020): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2020-3-151-160.
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The article is a reflection on Olga Butorina’s book “The economic history of the euro” published in 2020. The book provides a thorough in-depth analysis of the prerequisites for the European Economic and Monetary Union formation, describes the chronology of its integration, and makes forecasts about the future of the bloc. Some historical events presented in the book can be used as a base for independent cases for lecture courses, including those referred not only to international currency relations topics. The author’s search for answers to the fundamental question of why Europeans needed currency integration is of particular interest to readers. Of course, such a large-scale pamphlet cannot avoid discussable as well as controversial statements.
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Tanaka, Susumu, Nanping Wu, Chie-Fang Hsaio, Jack Turman, and Scott H. Chandler. "Development of Inward Rectification and Control of Membrane Excitability in Mesencephalic V Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 89, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 1288–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00850.2002.
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The present study was performed to assess the postnatal development and functional roles of inward rectifying currents in rat mesencephalic trigeminal (Mes V) neurons, which are involved in the genesis and control of oral-motor activities. Whole cell voltage-clamp recordings obtained from Mes V neurons in brain stem slices identified fast ( I KIR) and slow ( I h) inward rectifying currents, which were specifically blocked by BaCl2 (300–500 μM) or 4-( N-ethyl- N-phenylamino)-1,2-dimethyl-6-(methylamino) pyrimidinium chloride (ZD 7288, 10 μM), respectively. The whole cell current density for these channels increased between postnatal days 2 to 12 (P2-P12), and the time courses for I h activation and deactivation were each well described by two time constants. Application of ZD 7288 produced membrane hyperpolarization in the majority of cells and prolonged afterhyperpolarization repolarization. Additionally, in the presence of ZD 7288, spike frequency was decreased and adaptation was more pronounced. Interestingly, these neurons exhibited a voltage-dependent membrane resonance (<10 Hz) that was prominent around resting potential and more negative to rest and was blocked by ZD 7288. These results suggest that I hcontributes to stabilizing resting membrane potential and controlling cell excitability. The presence of I himparts the neuron with the unique property of low-frequency membrane resonance; the ability to discriminate between synaptic inputs based on frequency content.
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Leander Touati, Anne-Marie. "Water, well-being and social complexity in insula V I. A Pompeian city block revisited." Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome 3 (November 2010): 105–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-03-06.
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Swedish archaeologists have been working in Pompeii since 2000. Our fieldwork has consisted mainly of the study of standing walls and cleared floor levels in a city block unearthed in the 19th century and of the production of a comprehensive documentation, presented in an open access publication: www.pompejiprojektet.se/insula.php. The perspective of the present paper is the insula as a whole. Its main study objects are features of recurrent nature that in varying form and frequency are found in many of the separate houses and other units that constitute this insula: for example, the divergent materials used for the rubble masonry in the first phase of urbanisation, structures used for water management such as water supply and drains, possible earthquake damage and resulting repairs, preferences for where kitchens and sanitary installations are placed, markers indicating property borders and dependencies such as pavement curbing, courses of water inlets and drains, shops communicating with the houses through rear doorways, and the existence and extent of second-storey flats. The features studied are contextualised in their natural and urban environment. In general, historical events enter the discussion when linked to the chronological development of the infrastructures, communal and private, which this study highlights as being of decisive importance for understanding the development of the organisation of real estate and social structures in this insula and on a wider stage as well.
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Rodriguez-Galindo, Carlos, Matthew W. Wilson, Barrett G. Haik, Thomas E. Merchant, Catherine A. Billups, Nirali Shah, Alvida Cain, et al. "Treatment of Intraocular Retinoblastoma With Vincristine and Carboplatin." Journal of Clinical Oncology 21, no. 10 (May 15, 2003): 2019–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.09.103.
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Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of chemoreduction using vincristine and carboplatin in preventing or delaying external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or enucleation in patients with intraocular retinoblastoma. Patients and Methods: Twenty-five patients (43 eyes) with newly diagnosed intraocular retinoblastoma received primary treatment with eight courses of vincristine and carboplatin. Focal treatments were delayed until documentation of disease progression. Outcome measures for each eye were length of time to disease progression, avoidance or delay of EBRT, and globe survival. Event-free survival was defined as the length of time to EBRT or enucleation. Results: Disease in all eyes responded to chemotherapy and progressed in only two patients before completion of the eight courses of therapy. Disease in all but four eyes progressed and required focal treatments. Event-free survival estimates at 2 years were 59.2% ± 12.0% for Reese-Ellsworth group I, II, and III eyes and 26.3% ± 9.2% for group IV and V eyes. Nineteen eyes (44.2%) required EBRT and 13 eyes (30.2%) were enucleated. The ocular salvage rate was 83.3% for Reese-Ellsworth group I to III eyes and 52.6% for group IV and V eyes. For those patients receiving EBRT, the median time from enrollment to EBRT was 9.5 months (median age at EBRT, 21 months). Conclusion: In combination with appropriate early intensive focal treatments, chemoreduction with vincristine and carboplatin, without etoposide, may be an alternative treatment for patients with early-stage intraocular retinoblastoma, although additional studies are needed. Patients with advanced intraocular disease require more aggressive treatments.
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Jereb, Eva. "Elements Influencing Study Success." Organizacija 43, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10051-010-0002-5.
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Elements Influencing Study SuccessStudy success can be influenced by following factors: (i) social elements (social class position, parents' education, parents' profession, parents' income); (ii) student-related factors (motivation, aptitude, effort, IQ, time spend on study, opportunity to learn, pre-university education); (iii) quality of instruction (organisation, course material, communication, assignments, exams, grading, course outcomes); (iv) curriculum (number of courses, sequence of courses, test schedule, system-block or parallel); (v) government (grant, student accommodation). In the paper the influence of these factors on study success is presented. Social and academic integration are central aspects. In the research we found out that "social elements" greatly influence the decision to enrol, but have less influence on marks received and the duration of study. Grants also greatly influence study success. We were surprised when we found out that factors from the "quality of instruction" group can only explain 12.3% of the variance of exam results.
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Tsukasaki, Kunihiro, Atae Utsunomiya, Haruhiko Fukuda, Taro Shibata, Takuya Fukushima, Yoshifusa Takatsuka, Shuichi Ikeda, et al. "VCAP-AMP-VECP Compared With Biweekly CHOP for Adult T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG9801." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 34 (December 1, 2007): 5458–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.11.9958.
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Purpose Our previous phase II trial for treating human T-lymphotropic virus type I–associated adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL) with vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (VCAP), doxorubicin, ranimustine, and prednisone (AMP), and vindesine, etoposide, carboplatin, and prednisone (VECP) showed promising results. To test the superiority of VCAP-AMP-VECP over biweekly cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP), we conducted a randomized controlled trial exclusively for ATLL. Patients and Methods Previously untreated patients with aggressive ATLL were assigned to receive either six courses of VCAP-AMP-VECP every 4 weeks or eight courses of biweekly CHOP. Both treatments were supported with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and intrathecal prophylaxis. Results A total of 118 patients were enrolled. The complete response (CR) rate was higher in the VCAP-AMP-VECP arm than in biweekly CHOP arm (40% v 25%, respectively; P = .020). Progression-free survival rate at 1 year was 28% in the VCAP-AMP-VECP arm compared with 16% in the CHOP arm (P = .100, two-sided P = .200). Overall survival (OS) at 3 years was 24% in the VCAP-AMP-VECP arm and 13% in the CHOP arm (P = .085, two-sided P = .169). For VCAP-AMP-VECP versus biweekly CHOP, grade 4 neutropenia, grade 4 thrombocytopenia, and grade 3 or 4 infection rates were 98% v 83%, 74% v 17%, and 32% v 15%, respectively. There were three toxic deaths in the VCAP-AMP-VECP arm. Conclusion The longer OS at 3 years and higher CR rate with VCAP-AMP-VECP compared with biweekly CHOP suggest that VCAP-AMP-VECP might be a more effective regimen at the expense of higher toxicities, providing the basis for future investigations in the treatment of ATLL.
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MOLINEAUX, L., H. H. DIEBNER, M. EICHNER, W. E. COLLINS, G. M. JEFFERY, and K. DIETZ. "Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia described by a new mathematical model." Parasitology 122, no. 4 (April 2001): 379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182001007533.
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A new mathematical model of Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasitaemia is formulated and fitted to 35 malaria therapy cases making a spontaneous recovery after primary inoculation. Observed and simulated case-histories are compared with respect to 9 descriptive statistics. The simulated courses of parasitaemia are more realistic than any previously published. The model uses a discrete time-step of 2 days. Its realistic behaviour was achieved by the following combination of features (i) intra-clonal antigenic variation, (ii) large variations of the variants' baseline growth rate, depending on both variant and case, (iii) innate autoregulation of the asexual parasite density, variable among cases, (iv) acquired variant-specific immunity and (v) acquired variant-transcending immunity, variable among cases. Aspects of the model's internal behaviour, concerning variant dynamics, as well as the respective contributions of the three control mechanisms (iii) – (v), are displayed. Some implications for pathogenesis and control are discussed.
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Pinto, Vanessa Carla Monteiro, Petrus Gantois Massa Dias dos Santos, Rafaela Catherine Da Silva Cunha de Medeiros, Francisco Emílio Simplício Souza, Thaisys Blanc dos Santos Simões, Renata Poliane Nacer de Carvalho Dantas, and Breno Guilherme De Araújo Tinôco Cabral. "Maturational stages: comparison of growth and physical capacity indicators in adolescents." Journal of Human Growth and Development 28, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.127411.
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Introduction: The identification of physical capacity is an important marker related to healthy behavior during childhood and adolescence, in which some factors appear to contribute to motor performance such as maturation and hormonal levels. Objective: To compare growth indicators, physical capacity and hormonal markers according to gender and maturational stage in adolescents. Methods: Eighty-nine adolescents of both genders aged 10-13 years participated in the study. Sexual maturation was evaluated using the Tanner’s self-evaluation method. Physical capacity (explosive strength of upper and lower limbs, upper limb velocity and agility) and hormonal markers (testosterone and estradiol) were evaluated through the chemiluminescence method. Results: In the comparison by gender, girls had higher weight (p = 0.023), height (p = 0.018) and fat percentage values (p = 0.001), while boys presented better motor performance for the explosive strength of upper limbs (p = 0.005) and lower limbs (p = 0.011), agility (0.018) and upper limb velocity (p = 0.014). Regarding maturational stage, boys did not present differences in any variable analyzed; (Stage V versus I), height (stage III, IV and V versus I) and upper limb explosive strength (stage III and IV versus I). Conclusion: Growth, weight and height, as well as explosive strength of upper limbs were higher in girls at more advanced maturational stages and appear to be gender dependent.
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Haynes, Andrew, Andrew McMillan, Andrew Jack, Wendi Qian, Ira Jakupovic, Paul Smith, and Archie Prentice. "A Prospective, Randomised Trial of Chlorambucil, Mitoxantrone and Dexamethasone (CMD) Versus Fludarabine, Mitoxantrone and Dexamethasone (FMD) for Advanced Follicular Lymphoma (Real Grades I-III, Stages III/IV)." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.534.534.
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Abstract Fludarabine, alone and in combination, has activity in de novo and relapsed/refractory follicle centre cell lymphoma (FCCL), as do many other combinations of chemotherapy, including chlorambucil, mitoxantrone and steroids. In this multicentre study, between May 2000 and April 2006, 400 adults with FCCL (REAL grades I-III) were randomised to receive either CMD (chlorambucil 10mgs po, od, days 1–10, mitoxantrone 12mgs/m2 IV, day 1 and dexamethasone 20mgs po, od, days 1–5) or FMD (fludarabine 25mgs/m2, IV days 1–3, with M and D as for CMD) on physicians’ decision to treat advanced stage (III or IV) disease (B symptoms, bone marrow failure, bulk or progression and compression syndromes). Rituximab (R) was not available for this trial. Randomisation was prospectively stratified by IPI score. Patients received four courses before assessment of response, then had no further trial therapy with progression or inadequate response or had a maximum total of eight courses if responding. The primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and the secondary end points were complete (C) and partial (P) remission rates (RR). This preliminary report is at median follow-up of 31 months (range 0–71). Clinical features and pathological diagnoses (reviewed centrally) were equivalent across both arms. The median age in years (range; number >60 y) for CMD was 56 (32–72; 68) and for FMD 55 (29–75; 68) and 70% in both arms had stage IV FCCL. For CMD versus FMD, the CRR and PRR after course 4 were 18% v 21% and 72% v 68% and after course 8 or at the end of treatment were 44% v 45% and 47% v 47%. The hazard ratios were in favour of CMD, for OS at 1.65 (95%CI 0.97–2.8, p=0.063) and for PFS at 1.61 (95%CI 1.2–2.17; p=0.0018). The numbers of deaths due to lymphoma were equivalent (19 v 21) but there were fewer deaths in the first year (most due to lymphoma in both arms) with CMD (7 v 15; ns). The difference between those who received between 6 and 8 courses in either arm was not significant (152[80%] v 135[71%]). With CMD there were higher rates of grade 3/4 neutropenia (8 v 1) and infections (29 v 20) but these differences were not statistically significant; other toxicities were low grade and equivalent for both arms. Days between cycles (median 28 days in both arms) and dose adherence (96% and 97%) were equivalent; both regimens were well tolerated and relatively easy to deliver. The equivalent dose intensity, toxicities and RRs of the two arms indicate that the statistically significant superior PFS for CMD was not due to undertreatment in the FMD arm. The outcomes for CMD are at least as good as those reported for other combinations of chemotherapy without R and R-CVP.
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Rathia, Dr Santosh Kumar, Dr Virendra Kumar Kurrey, Dr Smit Shrivastava, Dr Ankit Kumar Gupta, and Dr Sharja Phuljhele. "Comparison of intravenous Paracetamol with oral Ibuprofen for medical closure of PDA (patent ductus arteriosus) in preterm newborns – can it be an effective, safe and preferable choice?" Pediatric Review: International Journal of Pediatric Research 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/ijpr.2021.i01.05.
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Introduction: In prematurely born newborns, the ductus arteriosus frequently fails to close and more than half of preterms might have Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) after birth during the first 24hours. About 70% of infants born before 28 weeks may require medical or surgical closure of PDA. Objectives: To compare the effect of i/v PCM and oral Ibuprofen on PDA closure rate in preterm neonates with a gestational age of > 37 weeks and evaluate the side effect profile of both drugs. Material and Methods: This time-bound prospective observational study for comparison of the efficacy of the two drugs on the closure of PDA in preterms admitted during 1.5 years of the study period in a neonatal ICU caring for inborn as well as outborn neonates in central India. After approval of the institutional ethics committee, initial clinical screening included all preterms but only those with PDA (open ductus arteriosus) confirmed by 2D-echocardiography were allocated to receive either of two treatment regimens (3-day courses of each oral Ibuprofen and i/v PCM) which already exist as evidence-based therapeutic practice options. Result: Out of a total of 43 cases clinically suspected on initial screening, 30 preterm babies confirmed by 2D-Echo to have PDA were finally enrolled and analysed. Twenty-one patients received i/v PCM with a resultant PDA closure rate of 85.7 % (n = 18/21), while nine cases could be allocated oral Ibuprofen arm and ductus closure was obtained in seven patients (77.78%). Although the PDA closure rate between two drug regimens was not statistically significant (p=0.593), i/v PCM resulted in slightly higher efficacy and fewer adverse effects. Conclusion: Paracetamol, preferably by the intravenous route, seems to be an effective, cheap, easily available and safe first-line alternative to oral Ibuprofen for the closure of PDA, especially in newborns with extreme prematurity, who are initially intolerant to oral feeds or drugs.
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Chen, Leo, John Joseph Spinelli, Winson Y. Cheung, and Hagen F. Kennecke. "Temporal trends in the intensity and duration of oncologic care among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients (pts)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 6552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.6552.
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6552 Background: Substantial advances in therapy of CRC pts occurred between 2000 and 2012 contributing to a significant increase in overall survival. The objective of this study is to quantify the change in treatment (tx) intensity as measured by clinic and tx visits at a network of medical and radiation oncology clinics. Methods: Electronic scheduling records of stage I-IV CRC patients referred between 2000-2012 to the six oncology centers comprising the British Columbia Cancer Agency were reviewed and stratified by tx phases: I and II (adjuvant first 6 months, continued), III and IV (palliative first 6 months, continued), and V (last 6 months of life). Clinic Visit Intensity (CVI), Chemo Tx Intensity (CTI), number of chemo agents and number of cycles (CC), Radiotherapy (Rx) courses (RC) and fractions (RF) were measured, and trends by referral year were modelled using zero inflated negative binomial regression. Mean duration of visit for chemo tx (CHD) and clinic visits (CVD) were modelled using linear regression. Sex, age at diagnosis, stage, income, and community size were included in models if terms were significant. Results: 15,157 pts were included across 10 cohorts. CTI and CC increased significantly in tx phases II-V with later year of referral, while phase I results were stable or decreased, likely due to the substitution of oral for intravenous regimens. Rx increased only in advanced phases. Mean duration of scheduled time showed significant increases. Conclusions: CRC pts referred in 2012 vs 2000 receive significantly greater intensity and duration of care in tx phases II-V. Results have significant implications for resource allocation and the patient experience. [Table: see text]
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Pushpalatha, V. "A Novel Framework for Detection of Cervical Cancer." Asian Journal of Engineering and Applied Technology 7, no. 2 (November 5, 2018): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajeat-2018.7.2.1016.
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Today, Uterine Cervical Cancer is most general form of cancer for women. Prevention of cervical cancer is possible via various screening courses. Colposcopy images of cervix are analyzed in this study for the recognition of cervical cancer. An innovative framework is suggested to correctly identify cervical cancer by employing effective pre-processing, image enhancement, and image segmentation techniques. This framework comprises of five phases, (i) Dual tree discrete wavelet transform to pre-process the image (ii) Curvelet transform and contour transform to enhance the image (iii) K-means for segmentation (iv) features computation using Gray level co-occurrence matrix (v) classification using adaptive Support vector machine. The experimental results evident that proposed technique is superior to existing methodologies.
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Beck, M. Nenadov, A. Balmer, C. Dessing, A. Pica, and F. Munier. "First-Line Chemotherapy With Local Treatment Can Prevent External-Beam Irradiation and Enucleation in Low-Stage Intraocular Retinoblastoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 18, no. 15 (August 15, 2000): 2881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2000.18.15.2881.
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy (CT) in preventing external-beam radiotherapy (EBR) and/or enucleation in patients with retinoblastoma (Rbl). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients with newly diagnosed unilateral or bilateral Rbl received CT associated with local treatment (LT). Two to five courses of etoposide and carboplatin were administered at 3- to 4-week intervals, depending on tumor response, and were completed each time by LT. RESULTS: Tumor response was observed in all eyes. Twenty-one of 24 patients showed a complete response (CR) that persisted at a median follow-up (FU) of 31 months (range, 4 to 41 months). Among the three patients who relapsed, two were lost to FU and one died of progressive disease. CR was achieved by CT and LT alone in 15 (71.4%) of 21 patients with less advanced disease (groups I to III). Six other patients with advanced disease (groups IV and V) experienced treatment failure and needed salvage treatment by EBR and/or enucleation. The difference between the two patient groups with regard to disease stage was statistically significant (P < .0001). EBR could be avoided in 13 (68.4%) of 19 patients, who presented with groups I to III (15 eyes) and group V (one eye) disease, whereas enucleation could be avoided in only two (40%) of five. CONCLUSION: CT combined with intensive LT is effective in patients with groups I to III Rbl, permitting the avoidance of EBR in the majority of these young children and, thus, reducing the risk of long-term sequelae. This is in contrast with the disappointing results for patients with groups IV and V Rbl, in whom EBR and/or enucleation was needed.
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Palmerini, E., F. Bertoni, M. Mercuri, E. Barbieri, A. Longhi, P. Picci, G. Bacci, and S. Ferrari. "Six drugs induction chemotherapy for patients with localised Ewing sarcoma (ES): A pilot study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 9537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.9537.
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9537 Background: Vincristine (V), doxorubicin (A), cyclophosphamide (C), ifosfamide (I), actinomycin-D (Ac) and etoposide (E) are the standard drugs active against ES. Feasibility and efficacy of a six drugs induction treatment were investigated in a monoinstitutional study. Methods: Between March 1998 and May 1999, nonmetastatic ES aged ≤ 50 years were enrolled. Induction treatment: VAC (V 2 mg, A 80 mg/m2, C 1200 mg/m2, weeks 0 and 6), IVAc (I 9 g/m2, V 2 mg, Ac 2 mg, week 3), IE (I 9 g/m2, E 450 mg/m2, week 9). Local treatment, surgery whenever possible, was planned on week 12. Maintenance treatment: alternating courses of VAC-IVAc-IE (three times). In surgically treated patients, chemoinduced necrosis was evaluated and graded: grade III (complete necrosis), II (persistence of microfoci of viable tumor cells) and I (persistence of macrofoci of tumor cells). Results: 34 patients were enrolled; median age was 19 years (6–50); 22 were males and 12 females. Site: extremity 22 (65%), axial location 12 (35%). Despite a large use of G-CSF (94% of cycles), grade IV leukopenia was common (60% of cycles). Nevertheless, febrile neutropenia was observed in only 10.6% of cycles. Grade IV thrombocytopenia occurred in 12.5% of cycles. Platelet and red blood cell transfusions were required in 4% and 11% of cycles, respectively. No toxic deaths were recorded. Local treatment: surgery in 24 patients (70%), followed by post operative radiation (RT) in 6 of them; RT in 10 patients (30%). Chemoinduced necrosis was grade III in 29% of patients, grade II in 34% and grade I in 37%. With a median follow-up of 80 months (1–69) 5 years overall survival (OS) was 62%. 5 years Event free survival (EFS) was 56%. 5 years EFS according to site was: extremity 68%, axial location 33% (p < 0.02); according to local treatment was: surgery 61% (with RT 67%), RT 30% (p = 0.027); according to chemoinduced necrosis: grade III 86%, II 50%, I 55% (p = 0.26). Conclusions: The treatment is feasible. Surgery was possible in 70% of patients with a high cure rate for patients with a grade III chemoinduced necrosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Syawaluddin, Ahmad, Andi Makkasau, and Ina Fitrayani Jamal. "Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Aplikasi Lectora Inspire Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Kelas V Di SDN 197 Sapolohe Kecamatan Bontobahari Kabupaten Bulukumba." JIKAP PGSD: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kependidikan 3, no. 3 (September 18, 2019): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jkp.v3i3.10236.
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This study studies on the development of media-based learning applications Lectora inspire on class V IPS courses at SDN 197 Sapolohe, Bontobahari Sub-district, Bulukumba district. The purpose of the research is to describe (1) The initial overview of the media needs of the application-based Lectora inspire in IPS class V subjects; (2) Overview of the results of the development of media-based learning application Lectora inspire on the subject of IPS class V, and (3) the level of media feasibility learning application-based Lectora inspire on the subjects of IPS class V at SDN 197 Sapolohe subdistrict Bontobahari, Bulukumba regency. This research approach is research and development, with the Borg & Gall development model. The process of development of media-based learning application Lectora Inspire on IPS subjects through 8 stages, namely research introduction and data collection, planning, product development, validity test (expert test), revision I, test small group, Revision II, and final product. Data collection techniques using poll instruments. Analysis of the data used is quantitative descriptive data analysis. The level of media feasibility learning application Lectora Inspire on IPS subjects based on a material expert assessment of 4.35, a media expert of 3.8, a teaching practitioner (teacher) of 4.55 and a student of 4.54 that gained an average A score of 4.31 with a very good category that shows the results that the learning media is worthy to be used in the learning process for students of class V SDN 197 Sapolohe, Bontobahari Sub-district, Bulukumba Regency.
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Miklín, Jan, and Jan Hradecký. "Landscape structure changes at the confluence of the Morava and Dyje Rivers." Geografie 121, no. 3 (2016): 368–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2016121030368.
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The area at the confluence of the Morava and Dyje Rivers is one of the biologically most diverse landscapes of Czechia. This paper focuses on its land use/land cover changes, obtained from aerial photographs from 1938, 1953, 1976 and 2009, analyzed by a use of landscape metrics. The most important landscape changes in this period were as follows: (i) an all but complete disappearance of open and structured woodlands; (ii) a transformation of the mosaic of very small agricultural fields into large-scale fields of mostly arable land; (iii) a significant decrease in grasslands; (iv) regulations of water courses; (v) an outstanding increase in logging intensity during the last twenty years. The preservation of the area’s biodiversity demands a start of active conservation management, focused on opening of woodlands, a decrease in forest logging and a suitable selection of logging localities.
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Ceglarek, Bernadeta B. "Cladribine (2-CdA) Effectiveness in Patients with Low Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma - 7 year Polish Study Report." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 4589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4589.4589.
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Abstract 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA, Cladribine) was used in patients with advanced, low-grade lymphomas (Lymphoplasmacytoid, Centroblastic/centrocytic, Centrocytic, Lymphocytic) resistant to conventional therapy. There was conducted a trial of 2-CdA group versus control group (patients treated different chemotherapy: Chlorambucil, COP, CHOP) in 85 patients. There were 47 men and 38 women with median age of 55 years were treated. Forty five patients with low-grade lymphomas were given 2-CdA at 0.1 mg/kg/d as a 7–5 day continuous infusion every 4–6 weeks. A total number of courses was different (2–7), median of three courses per patient, of 2-CdA were administered. All patients were evaluable for toxicity and for response. The results of overall response for 2-CdA group and control group are in table 1. Table 1- The results of overall response for 2-CdA group and control group 2-CdA Group Control Group P CR (%) 16.7 10.8 p>0.5 PR (%) 28.3 43.2 p>0.5 Overall (%) 45.0 54.0 p>0.5 The results of 2-CdA therapy are showed in tabel 2. Table 2 - The results of 2-CdA therapy in low grade NHL patients. 2-CdA First line therapy II–III line therapy P Numbers of pts. 15.0 30.0 CR (%) 15.2 15.4 p>0.05 PR (%) 30.3 30.8 p>0.05 Overall (%) 45.5 46.2 p>0.05 The results of 2-CdA therapy LG NHL patients (I-6pts; II-7pts.; III-25pts.; IV-7 pts.) concerned with clinical stage are showed below: Clinical Stage-CR (%) I-50 II-42.9 III-12 IV-14.3 P>0.05 Clinical Stage-PR (%) I-33.3 II-42.9 III-40.0 IV-28.6 P>0.05 Toxicity, in particular opportunistic infections (< or = grade 2, 35.6–48.4% in 2-CdA group v 31.6–64.7% in chemotherapy treated group; P>0.05) and myelosuppression (< or = grade 2 leucopenia, 31.1% in 2-CdA group v 25.0% in chemotherapy treated group, P>0.05 and thrombocytopenia 0–II grade WHO), were more frequent in 2-CdA group (II–III line therapy). The median response duration was 12 months (range, 3 to 44+). I observed less death numbers in 2-CdA first line patients than II–III line 2-CdA group (P=.00132). Conclusions : There was no statistical significant difference in frequency overall response (CR+PR) between 2-CdA group and chemotherapy treated group. 2-CdA therapy as a consecutive line caused an increase in mortality risk in contrast to the first line therapy. 2-CdA therapy as II–III line therapy allowed to receive complete remission in 9.4% previously treated low grade non Hodkin’s lymphoma patients.
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Hui, C. S., and W. Chen. "Effects of conditioning depolarization and repetitive stimulation on Q beta and Q gamma charge components in frog cut twitch fibers." Journal of General Physiology 99, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): 1017–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.99.6.1017.
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Charge movement was measured in frog cut twitch fibers with the double Vaseline-gap technique. Steady-state inactivation of charge movement was studied by changing the holding potential from -90 mV to a level ranging from -70 to -30 mV. Q beta and Q gamma at each holding potential were separated by fitting the Q-V plot with a sum of two Boltzmann distribution functions. At -70 mV Q beta and Q gamma were inactivated to 54.0% (SEM 2.2) and 82.7% (SEM 3.0) of the amounts at -90 mV. At holding potentials greater than or equal to -60 mV, more Q gamma was inactivated than Q beta, and at -30 mV Q gamma was completely inactivated but Q beta was not. There was no holding potential at which Q beta was unaffected and Q gamma was completely inactivated. The differences between the residual fractions of Q beta and Q gamma are significant at all holding potentials (P less than 0.001-0.05). The plot of the residual fraction of Q beta or Q gamma versus holding potential can be fitted well by an inverted sigmoidal curve that is a mirror image of the activation curve of the respective charge component. The pair of curves for Q gamma correlates well with those for tension generation or Ca release obtained by other investigators. The time courses of the inactivation of Q beta and Q gamma were studied by obtaining several Q-V plots with conditioning depolarizations lasting 1-20 s and separating each Q-V plot into Q beta and Q gamma components by fitting with a sum of two Boltzmann distribution functions. The inactivation time constant of Q beta was found to be 5-10 times as large as that of Q gamma. During repetitive stimulation, prominent I gamma humps could be observed in TEST-minus-CONTROL current traces and normal Q gamma components could be separated from the Q-V plots, whether 20 or 50 mM EGTA was present in the internal solution, whether 2 or 10 stimulations were used, and whether the stimuli were separated by 400 ms or 6 s. Repetitive stimulation slowed the kinetics of the I gamma hump and could shift the Q-V curve slightly in the depolarizing direction in some cases, resulting in an apparent suppression of charge at the potentials that fall on the steep part of the Q-V curve.
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Aquallo, Alan Lechusza. "The I/Indian Not-In-The-Textbook: Native/Indigenous Post-Structuralism, Critical Methodologies, Epistemologies, and Tribal Realities as Agency toward the Decolonization of the Territorial Divide In American Indian Studies Courses." Indian Journal of Management and Language 1, no. 1 (April 10, 2021): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijml.b2006.041121.
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This article focuses upon how, within American Indian Studies courses, there is a necessary border crossing between territorialized Native and non-Native students. Taking the literal borders of Indian reservations, and repositioning these realities as a metaphor for critical epistemological deconstruction, I argue that there is a necessary educational border crossing which is necessary for Native/Indigenous equity and socio-political justice to be realized and acquired as cultural currency. As students within these courses begin to understand, embrace, and challenge American Indian Studies (AIS) courses, and the dynamics of the discipline, there is a self-defined border crossing between, and within, the Native/Indigenous ideological territories, and literal, physical reservation borders, which the curriculum represents. Each student may – or will – find their own point of critical Native/Indigenous inquiry, from which they are challenged and welcomed to embrace, as well as depart from previous scripted EuroAmerican rhetorical references regarding Native/Indigenous cultures. Following this critical epistemology, for the student participant, a new territory of knowledge, cultural, and expressed understanding from, and about, Native/Indigenous Peoples becomes manifest; a new academic frontier is possible. Applying this methodology, for academic decolonization, the i/Indian image/icon need not exist within the textbook(s); the potential for recognizing and decolonizing the physical reservation borders becomes possible. The realities of Native lives – both historic and contemporary - do matter, beyond these limitations and scripted inclusions within textbooks. Whereas a text may prove as a site of disenfranchisement, inequity, and, tribal marginalization, there, then, lies the necessity for Native V/voices to be heard, reviewed, and function as sovereign references and expressions, which advances beyond the terminal reservation borders as agency. This article seeks to challenge pre-determined academic references, mis-representations and re-presentations of Native Peoples, read: the i/Indian image/icon, as well as providing a critique of how Native/Indigenous realities are, then, able to sovereignly relate to the large non-Native population beyond the limitations of a physical reservation border. Taking note that there is no one single educational methodology, which can be applied within American Indian courses, multiple academic perspectives begin to surface, which address the educational process about Native Peoples. The 3 views of Indian education – anthropological/archeological/ethnographic/historical,sympathetic, activist - as I argue, become, and are maintained as antiquated points of articulation, which continue to be employed about Native Peoples, replacing the active dynamics of Native cultures, customs, traditional knowledge, and expressions. This article, therefore, challenges these 3 views of Indian education - anthropological/archeological/ethnographic/historical, sympathetic, activist - noting that the classroom, textbook(s), and their references, mis-representations and re-presentation(s) about Native Peoples, need to be decolonized, following the importance, ideology, dialectics and dynamics of tribal sovereignty, equity, and socio-political justice.
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Rubnitz, Jeffrey E., Norman J. Lacayo, Hiroto Inaba, Kenneth Heym, Raul C. Ribeiro, Jeffrey Taub, Jennifer McNeer, et al. "Clofarabine Can Replace Anthracyclines and Etoposide in Remission Induction Therapy for Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia: The AML08 Multicenter, Randomized Phase III Trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 23 (August 10, 2019): 2072–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.19.00327.
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PURPOSE To identify effective and less toxic therapy for children with acute myeloid leukemia, we introduced clofarabine into the first course of remission induction to reduce exposure to daunorubicin and etoposide. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 2008 through 2017, 285 patients were enrolled at eight centers; 262 were randomly assigned to receive clofarabine and cytarabine (Clo+AraC, n = 129) or high-dose cytarabine, daunorubicin, and etoposide (HD-ADE, n = 133) as induction I. Induction II consisted of low-dose ADE given alone or combined with sorafenib or vorinostat. Consolidation therapy comprised two or three additional courses of chemotherapy or hematopoietic cell transplantation. Genetic abnormalities and the level of minimal residual disease (MRD) at day 22 of initial remission induction determined final risk classification. The primary end point was MRD at day 22. RESULTS Complete remission was induced after two courses of therapy in 263 (92.3%) of the 285 patients; induction failures included four early deaths and 15 cases of resistant leukemia. Day 22 MRD was positive in 57 of 121 randomly assigned evaluable patients (47%) who received Clo+AraC and 42 of 121 patients (35%) who received HD-ADE (odds ratio, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.03 to 3.41; P = .04). Despite this result, the 3-year event-free survival rate (52.9% [44.6% to 62.8%] for Clo+AraC v 52.4% [44.0% to 62.4%] for HD-ADE, P = .94) and overall survival rate (74.8% [67.1% to 83.3%] for Clo+AraC v 64.6% [56.2% to 74.2%] for HD-ADE, P = .1) did not differ significantly across the two arms. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the use of clofarabine with cytarabine during remission induction might reduce the need for anthracycline and etoposide in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia and may reduce rates of cardiomyopathy and treatment-related cancer.
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Johansen, M. J., T. Madden, R. C. Mehra, J. G. Wood, G. Rondon, V. Browne, R. A. Newman, and R. E. Champlin. "Phase I pharmacokinetic study of multicycle high-dose carboplatin followed by peripheral-blood stem-cell infusion in patients with cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 15, no. 4 (April 1997): 1481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1997.15.4.1481.
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PURPOSE To examine the feasibility of escalating carboplatin area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), using dose predictions based on individual estimates of drug clearance, in a phase I trial of multicycle carboplatin, paclitaxel, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy with peripheral-blood stem-cell (PBSC) replacement. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-four patients (37 breast, seven ovarian) received 165 courses. Initial target carboplatin AUC was 10 mg/ml x min, with interpatient escalation in increments of 25%. Initial carboplatin dose estimates used creatinine clearance (CrCl) to estimate carboplatin clearance. Subsequent clearance and dose estimates were determined using a model incorporating Bayesian estimation and two measured carboplatin plasma ultrafiltrate concentrations. RESULTS Median clearance was 80.5 mL/min/m2 (range, 41.6 to 131.8). Carboplatin doses up to 2,440 mg/m2 per course were administered without major extramedullary toxicity. Doses varied 2.6-fold at each exposure level. Using the Bayesian model, AUC was predicted with a mean accuracy of 101.2% (83% using CrCl). Ninety-six of 117 courses were within 25% of the target AUC. This model was less biased (0.15 v -2.35 mg/mL x min) and more precise (2.76 v 3.52) in predicting AUC compared with one using CrCl. Hematologic recovery was not prolonged with increasing exposure. The carboplatin maximum-tolerated systemic exposure (MTSE) was 13.3 mg/mL x min (level five). The dose-limiting toxicity was cardiac toxicity, which occurred at dose levels six and seven. CONCLUSION Results demonstrate that (1) CrCl is a poor estimator of carboplatin clearance in this population, and (2) the use of a model incorporating limited sampling and Bayesian estimation improves the precision of carboplatin clearance estimation and is suitable for targeting carboplatin exposure in an ambulatory setting.
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Toledano, Alain, David Azria, Pascal Garaud, Alain Fourquet, Daniel Serin, Jean-François Bosset, Joelle Miny-Buffet, Anne Favre, Olivier Le Floch, and Gilles Calais. "Phase III Trial of Concurrent or Sequential Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy After Conservative Surgery for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: Final Results of the ARCOSEIN Trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 4 (February 1, 2007): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.07.8576.
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Purpose In 1996, we initiated the French multicenter phase III randomized trial to compare the effect on disease-free survival (DFS) of concurrent versus sequential chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) after breast-conserving surgery for stages I and II breast cancer. This report presents the clinical results with a median follow-up of 60 months. Patients and Methods Between February 1996 and April 2000, 716 patients were entered onto this trial. Adjuvant treatment began within 6 weeks after surgery. Sequential treatment of CT administered first followed by RT was compared with concurrent treatment of CT administered with RT. The CT regimen consisted of mitoxantrone (12 mg/m2), fluorouracil (500 mg/m2), and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2) on day 1, and it was repeated every 21 days for six courses. RT was delivered to the breast and, when indicated, to the regional lymphatics. Results There was no statistically significant difference in treatment in the 5-year DFS (80% in both groups; P = .83), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS; 92% in sequential v 95% in concurrent; P = .76), metastasis-free survival (87% in sequential v 84% in concurrent; P = .55), or overall survival (90% in sequential v 91% in concurrent; P = .76). Nevertheless, in the node-positive subgroup, the 5-year LRFS was statistically better in the concurrent arm (97% in concurrent v 91% in sequential; P = .02), corresponding to a risk of locoregional recurrence decreased by 39% (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.93). Conclusion This treatment protocol remains an appealing clinical option for many women with operable breast cancer at a high risk of recurrence. Combination treatments with new drugs for breast cancer are warranted.
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Akhunov, Vasily M., A. M. Akhunova, and T. P. Lavrent’eva. "Hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with sepsis due to Paecilomyces fungi disseminated into the liver." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 94, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0023-2149-2016-94-2-149-152.
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A 49 year old woman with signs of chronic sepsis, hepatomegaly, and high eosinophil count was under long-term examination including consultations with an oncologist, parasitologist, and hematologist, diagnostic laparotomy, and studies of liver biopsies. Seeding blood samples onto Saburo’s medium resulted in the growth of Paecilomyces variotii Bainier colonies. Counting mature spherules of the fungus revealed 59000 spherules per 1 mcl compared with the normal value of 1000-6000 which suggested paecilomycotic etiology of sepsis. The histological study of liver biopsies demonstrated hemorrhagic foci and eosinophilic infiltrates around fungal spherules. The clinical recovery of the patient was achieved after 3 courses of pulsed terbinafine therapy (500 mg/d every other day for 14 days during a month) in combination with vitamins and i/v infusion of 100 ml of a fluconazole solution (2 mg/ml) every third day (10 procedures during a course of therapy).
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Papadimitriou, K. "COURSE OUTLINE FOR A SCUBA DIVING SPECIALITY "UNDERWATER SURVEY DIVER"." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W5 (April 9, 2015): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w5-161-2015.
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The purpose of this paper is to outline a course for the training of divers with a special interest in underwater surveying (e.g. surveyors, archaeologists, biologists, geologists, photographers/videographers). This outline presents: i) the Courses' Standards ii) the Learning Objectives for the related Knowledge Development, iii) the Skills that have to be conducted, iv) the Performance Requirements for the students and v) the Open Water Considerations for the Training Dives. It is expected that the resulting course outline will be used as a reference for the training of certified divers who want to become underwater surveyors, providing them basic knowledge and skills to survey adequate data for the detailed documentation of submerged features. Moreover the combination of knowledge (what) and the skills (how) that are presented during the proposed course attempt to define a protocol for the recording of underwater features in favor of mapping and 3D modeling.
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Wiernik, PH, PL Banks, DC Jr Case, ZA Arlin, PO Periman, MB Todd, PS Ritch, RE Enck, and AB Weitberg. "Cytarabine plus idarubicin or daunorubicin as induction and consolidation therapy for previously untreated adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia." Blood 79, no. 2 (January 15, 1992): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.2.313.313.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the relative merits of idarubicin and daunorubicin in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy. Thirty-two sites provided 214 previously untreated adults with AML aged 15 years or more who were randomized to receive for induction therapy cytarabine 100 mg/m2/d as a continuous 7-day infusion plus either daunorubicin 45 mg/m2/d (A + D) or idarubicin 13 mg/m2/d (A + I), daily on the first three days of treatment. Postremission therapy consisted of two courses of the induction regimen at the same daily doses, with the anthracycline administered for 2 days and cytarabine for 5. The complete response (CR) rates for evaluable patients were 70% (A + I) and 59% (A + D) (P = .08). The difference in CR rates was significant in patients aged 18 to 50 years (88% for A + I, 70% for A + D, P = .035). Resistant disease was a significantly more frequent cause of induction therapy failure with A + D than with A + I. Hyperleukocytosis (white blood cell count greater than 50,000/microL) unfavorably affected the attainment of CR with A + D but not with A + I. CR duration was significantly greater after A + I. CR duration was significantly greater after A + I treatment, and the survival of all randomized patients treated with A + I was significantly better than that observed after A + D treatment (median 12.9 months v 8.7 months, respectively, P = .038). Toxicity of the two treatments was similar, although A + I patients experienced more prolonged myelosuppression during consolidation therapy, and a greater incidence of mild chemical hepatitis was observed in the A + I group. It is concluded that, at the doses and schedule used in this study, A + I is superior to A + D for induction therapy of AML in adults.
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Wiernik, PH, PL Banks, DC Jr Case, ZA Arlin, PO Periman, MB Todd, PS Ritch, RE Enck, and AB Weitberg. "Cytarabine plus idarubicin or daunorubicin as induction and consolidation therapy for previously untreated adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia." Blood 79, no. 2 (January 15, 1992): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.2.313.bloodjournal792313.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the relative merits of idarubicin and daunorubicin in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy. Thirty-two sites provided 214 previously untreated adults with AML aged 15 years or more who were randomized to receive for induction therapy cytarabine 100 mg/m2/d as a continuous 7-day infusion plus either daunorubicin 45 mg/m2/d (A + D) or idarubicin 13 mg/m2/d (A + I), daily on the first three days of treatment. Postremission therapy consisted of two courses of the induction regimen at the same daily doses, with the anthracycline administered for 2 days and cytarabine for 5. The complete response (CR) rates for evaluable patients were 70% (A + I) and 59% (A + D) (P = .08). The difference in CR rates was significant in patients aged 18 to 50 years (88% for A + I, 70% for A + D, P = .035). Resistant disease was a significantly more frequent cause of induction therapy failure with A + D than with A + I. Hyperleukocytosis (white blood cell count greater than 50,000/microL) unfavorably affected the attainment of CR with A + D but not with A + I. CR duration was significantly greater after A + I. CR duration was significantly greater after A + I treatment, and the survival of all randomized patients treated with A + I was significantly better than that observed after A + D treatment (median 12.9 months v 8.7 months, respectively, P = .038). Toxicity of the two treatments was similar, although A + I patients experienced more prolonged myelosuppression during consolidation therapy, and a greater incidence of mild chemical hepatitis was observed in the A + I group. It is concluded that, at the doses and schedule used in this study, A + I is superior to A + D for induction therapy of AML in adults.
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Prokhorova, O. V. "Preparation for the first childbirth: assessment of the impact on some characteristics of psychological status." Medical Science And Education Of Ural 21, no. 3 (2020): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36361/1814-8999-2020-21-3-17-20.
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Aim. To study of the influence of complex psycho-preventive preparation for childbirth in primiparous patients on some features of their psycho-emotional status. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional prospective study of 286 nulliparous women in full-term pregnancy, aged 21 to 35 years, was carried out, among them 142 pregnant women (the main group) attended courses of complex psycho-preventive preparation for childbirth in the third trimester of pregnancy. The control group consisted of 144 primiparas who did not attend antenatal training courses. To assess the psychological status of pregnant women, the method for assessing the psychological component of the gestational dominant (PCGD) was used according to I. V. Dobryakov. Anxiety was assessed according to the scale of situational and personal anxiety Ch.D. Spielberger and Yu.L. Khanina. Results. It was revealed that attending birth-giving women 4.8 times more often leads to the formation of the optimal type of psychological component of the gestational dominant. The effects of attending antenatal training classes on the level of situational anxiety in pregnant women are manifested in the form of a significant decrease in its level – OR 0.28 (95% CI 0.15-0.54). Conclusion. Comprehensive antenatal preparation for childbirth in primiparous leads to an improvement in some emotional characteristics of pregnant women, including the formation of the optimal type of psychological component of the gestational dominant and a decrease in situational anxiety.
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Toprak, Metin, Yüksel Bayraktar, Armağan Erdoğan, Deniz Kolat, and Mehmet Şengül. "New Generation University: A Model Proposal." Yuksekogretim Dergisi 11, no. 2Pt1 (August 1, 2021): 344–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2399/yod.21.210226.
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In the last quarter century, since the university is the main source of the human resources required by the knowledge society, structural and functional restructuring efforts of the university institution have been increasing to strengthen the positive impact on economic growth and social development through education and research activities. Today, the Anglo-Saxon and the Far East countries have the most successful university examples in this context; European universities come second in performance, although there are tremendous differences among member countries. Being a candidate for the European Union membership and as a member of the Council of Europe as the first signatory states of the Cultural Convention; implementation of reforms in the European Higher Education Area is obligatory for Turkey. In this study, an organizational and operating model has been developed in line with the European university reform agenda. CoHE's university approach which focuses on thematic and regional development has also been taken into consideration. Five innovations can be mentioned in terms of organizational and functional configuration of the model: (i) Profile of graduate and mission of the new generation university in the fields of education, research and community services, (ii) Policy development and implementation offices, (iii) University ecosystem consultation and steering committee and other committees and boards, (iv) Concept courses and branded courses, (v) Recognition of prior learning, (vi) Coop-education and solution partnerships.
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Sofilkanych, Marina. "OUT-OF-SCHOOL ESTABLISHMENTS OF TRANSCARPATHIA AND THEIR ROLE IN THE SYSTEM OF ART EDUCATION." Academic Notes Series Pedagogical Science 1, no. 192 (March 2021): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2415-7988-2021-1-192-203-209.
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The retrospective analysis of emergence of out-of-school art education of the region is made in the article, organization and role of extracurricular education in Ukraine, its organizers and researchers in this field. The emergence and development of art school of Transcarpathia in the twentieth century led to the formation of new generations of artists and the creation of art education. Out-of-school educational establishments of artistic and aesthetic direction were created for young children of the first school age, the first of which was a studio of fine arts under the direction of Zoltan Bakonii. Following the example of this studio in Transcarpathia in the second half of the twentieth century. opened children's art schools with the department of fine arts in the cities of Mukachevo, Uzhhorod, Khust, Vynohradiv, v.Chynadiyevo, etc., where teachers were mostly graduates of Transcarpathian art educational establishments. The development of art education in Transcarpathia and the extracurricular education of the region was studied by Nebesnyk I. I., Voloshchuk A .V, Mochan T. M, Rosul T. I. In the system of art education in Transcarpathia, founded by Adalbert Erdeli and Joseph Boksai, such well-known teachers as V. Skakandii, I. Masniuk, N. Ponomarenko, M. Syrohman, L. Prymych, V. Manailo, E. Roman, T. Bartosh, H. Homoki, V. Dorosh, A. StasIuk and others studied and worked there. Important role in the development of regional extracurricular education of artistic and aesthetic orientation belongs to such well-known pedagogues-educators as V. Burch and V. Tsibere. They played a major role in the creation of Mukachevo Children's ArtSchool named after M. Munkachi. This school of arts, after Z. Bakonii's studio, is one of the first art schools in the field where fine arts is taught. Later the art departments were based on children's music schools. The fine arts department at Uzhhorod Children's School of Arts started its activity in 1984. Most of the teachers came to Zoltan Bakonii's schools: V. Vovchok, O. Sidoruk, G. Kramarenko, E. Roman (head of the department of fine art) and others. Over 200 students study at the fine arts department of named school. During the 1990s, Transcarpathian extracurricular institutions were stagnant and even have undergone a numerical reduction. Since the beginning of 2000, as a result of the successful management of local administrations and their successful policies, their activities have been normalized and coordinated with the work of leading educational establishments of the art education of the region, in particular the College of Arts named after A. Erdeli and the Transcarpathian Academy of Arts. The joint actions and events, workshops for the students of art schools of the region, as well as training courses and seminars for teachers are held. Therefore, in the system of continuous art education (school, college, academy), extra-curricular institutions play an important role. At the School of Arts children learn the basics of fine literacy, academic drawing, painting, composition and get acquainted with examples of the world's best art at the Art history lessons. It is at the School of Arts that the artistic and aesthetic tastes and sensations of beauty are formed, the aesthetic education of young people, its professional orientation, and the formation of artistic environment of the region. In the field of art education, this three-stages system is important, because it solves its sectoral tasks and is a very important link and system of continuous art education in Transcarpathia.
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Silva Neta, Maria de Lourdes Da, Antonio Germano Magalhães Junior, and Marcos James Chaves Bessa. "Práticas avaliativas: uma pesquisa nos cursos de formação docente (Evaluative practices: a research in teacher training courses)." Revista Eletrônica de Educação 13, no. 3 (May 18, 2019): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.14244/198271992870.
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The evaluation enables making decision by monitoring educational actions, pointing out the progress of students, as well as highlighting the gaps in teaching and learning, providing information for teachers, managers and students, giving opportunities for further training in higher education. With this, the research starts from the following question: how did the evaluative practices of the teachers in the Degree in History? The object of the research was based on evaluative practices in higher education, specifically in two undergraduate courses. The objective was to understand the evaluation practices in undergraduate courses in History, to conceptualize evaluation of teaching and learning and to describe the evaluation practices carried out by the coordinators. The research, of bibliographical and field character, has used the studies of Cavalcante and Mello (2015), Moraes (2014), Tardif (2008), Viana (2012) and others. The methodology of qualitative approach was developed through semi-structured interviews with the managers. The managers' revelations evidenced that the evaluation was carried out by the teachers, autonomously, without the assistance of the Coordination, being no longer characterized as didactic-pedagogical subsidy to foster improvements in teaching and learning in teacher training courses, reducing to measurement conception focused on the application of instruments, on the quantification of learning and without the conception of measurement focused on the application of instruments, the quantification of learning and without feedback students.Resumo A avaliação possibilita a tomada de decisão promovendo o acompanhamento das ações de ensino, apontando o progresso dos discentes, assim como releva as lacunas no ensino e aprendizagem, fornecendo informações para os docentes, gestores e estudantes, dando ensejo ao aperfeiçoamento formativo no ensino superior. Com isso a pesquisa parte do seguinte questionamento: como se desenvolveram as práticas avaliativas dos professores nos cursos de licenciatura em História? O objeto da investigação aportou-se nas práticas avaliativas no ensino superior, de modo específico, em dois cursos de licenciatura. Objetivou-se compreender as práticas avaliativas nos cursos de licenciatura em História, conceituar avaliação do ensino e da aprendizagem e descrever as práticas avaliativas pautadas pelos coordenadores. A pesquisa, de caráter bibliográfico e de campo recorreu aos estudos de Cavalcante e Mello (2015), Moraes (2014), Tardif (2008), Viana (2012), dentre outros. A metodologia de abordagem qualitativa foi desenvolvida mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas com os gestores. As revelações dos gestores evidenciaram que avaliação era realizada pelos docentes, de modo autônomo, sem o auxílio das Coordenações, deixando de ser caracterizada como subsídio didático-pedagógico para fomentar melhorias no ensino e aprendizagem nos cursos de formação de professores, reduzindo-se a concepção de medida centrada na aplicação de instrumentos, na quantificação das aprendizagens e sem feedback aos estudantes. Resumen La evaluación posibilita la toma de decisiones promoviendo el acompañamiento de las acciones de enseñanza, apuntando el progreso de los alumnos, así como releva las lagunas en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, proporcionando informaciones para los docentes, gestores y estudiantes, dando lugar al perfeccionamiento formativo en la enseñanza superior. Con ello la investigación parte del siguiente cuestionamiento: cómo se desarrollaron las prácticas de evaluación de los profesores en los cursos de licenciatura en Historia? El objeto de la investigación se aportó en las prácticas evaluativas en la enseñanza superior, de modo específico, en dos cursos de grado. Se objetivó comprender las prácticas evaluativas en los cursos de licenciatura en Historia, conceptuar la evaluación de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje y describir las prácticas de evaluación realizadas por los coordinadores. La investigación, de carácter bibliográfico y de campo recurrió a los estudios de Cavalcante y Mello (2015), Moraes (2014), Tardif (2008), Viana (2012) y otros. La metodología de abordaje cualitativo fue desarrollada mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con los gestores. Las revelaciones de los gestores evidenciaron que la evaluación era realizada por los docentes, de modo autónomo, sin el auxilio de las Coordinaciones, dejando de ser caracterizada como subsidio didáctico-pedagógico para fomentar las mejoras en la enseñanza y aprendizaje en los cursos de formación de profesores, reduciéndose concepción de medida centrada en la aplicación de instrumentos, en la cuantificación de los aprendizajes y sin retroalimentación estudiantes.Keywords: Teaching-learning assessment, Teacher education, Managers.Palavras-chave: Práticas avaliativas, Ensino e aprendizagem, Formação docente, Gestores.Palabras claves: Enseñanza-aprendizaje, Evaluación, Formación docente, Administradores.ReferencesBOGDAN, R. C.; BIKLEN, S. K. Investigação qualitativa em educação: uma introdução à teoria e aos métodos. Tradução Maria João Alvarez. Porto: Porto, 1994.CAVALCANTE, L. P. F.; MELLO M. A. Avaliação da aprendizagem no ensino de graduação em Saúde: concepções, intencionalidades, reflexões. Avaliação, Campinas; Sorocaba, SP, v. 20, n. 2, p. 423-442, jul. 2015.FONSECA, S. G. Didática e prática de ensino de História: experiências, reflexões e aprendizados. Campinas, SP: Papirus, 2003. LUCKESI, C. C. Avaliação da aprendizagem escolar. São Paulo: Cortez, 2008.MINAYO, M. C. de S. O desafio da pesquisa social. In: ___________. Pesquisa social: teoria, método e criatividade. 30 ed. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2011.MORAES, D. A. F. de. Prova: instrumento avaliativo a serviço da regulação do ensino e da aprendizagem. Est. Aval. Educ., São Paulo, v. 22, n. 49, p. 233-258, maio/ago. 2014.MOREIRA, S. M.; RANGEL. M. A correção como processo avaliativo: diferentes percepções em diálogo. Est. Aval. Educ., São Paulo, v. 26, n. 62, p. 520-540, maio/ago. 2015.POLTRONIERI, H.; CALDERÓN, A. I. Avaliação da aprendizagem na educação superior: a produção científica da revista Estudos em Avaliação Educacional em questão. Avaliação, Campinas; Sorocaba, SP, v. 20, n. 2, p. 467-487, jul. 2015.SILVA NETA, M. de L.; MAGALHÃES JUNIOR. A. G. Práticas avaliativas na formação docente: teoria e prática. Horizontes, v. 35, n. 2, p. 38-48, mai./ago. 2017.TARDIF, M. Saberes docentes e formação profissional. 9 ed. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2008.VIANA, C. M. Q. Q. Reflexões sobre avaliação da aprendizagem na visão de alunos de graduação. In: D’ÁVILA, C. M.; VEIGA, I. P. A. (org.). Didática e docência na educação superior: implicações para a formação de professores. Campinas: Papirus, 2012, p. 61-82. VILLAS BOAS, B. M. de. Portfólio, avaliação e trabalho pedagógico. Campinas: Papirus, 2004. WERLE, F. O. C. Avaliação em larga escala: foco na escola. Brasília: Liber Livros, 2010.
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Krushelnitskaya, O. B., and S. O. Kursov. "Features of General and Social Practical Intelligence in the University Students with Different Status." Psychological-Educational Studies 6, no. 4 (2014): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2014060405.
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We discuss the problem of the relationship of general and practical intelligence with social status of university students in the study group. We present theoretical and empirical analysis of the features of general and social practical intelligence in the students with different status who are at the initial and final stages of training in high school. In an empirical study we proved the hypothesis that the level of the general and social practical intelligence of the students is a significant condition of their in-group status differentiation. In order to determine the position of the student in the attractions relationship system, social and practical intelligence is more important, and the position in the structure of relations is defined by general, as well as social and practical intelligence. We show the differences in the relationship of intra-group status and mental abilities of students in the initial and final stages of training. The study included full-time students of I and V Moscow university courses (167 people).
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T.V., Rustamova. "THE INFLUENCE OF EXAMINATION STRESS ON VEGETATIVE INDICATORS IN 17-21-YEAR-OLD STUDENTS WITH A MELANCHOLIC TYPE OF HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY." “Educational bulletin “Consciousness” 23, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2686-6846-2021-23-6-18-29.
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The article is devoted to the influence of an increased level of situational and personal anxiety of examination stress on the indices of the autonomic nervous system in 17-21-year-old male students (I and V courses) with a melancholic type of nervous system. In the course of the conducted studies, it was found that in 17- and 21-year-old students-melancholic during the examination process between heart rate and blood pressure there are some differences that do not normalize after the exam. Vegetative indicators in 21-year-old students in the periods before and after the exam are slightly increased, relative to indicators in 17-year-old students. The Kerdo vegetative index (VIC) in both age groups was in a state of sympathicotonia, which is an indicator of the superiority of the sympathetic nervous system throughout the entire examination process. The results obtained in the course of this study can be used to optimize learning activities, relieve stress in exams and protect students' health.
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Pigneux, Arnaud, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Francis Witz, Mathieu Sauvezie, Marie-Christine Bene, Isabelle Luquet, Mathilde Hunault-Berger, et al. "Addition of Lomustine to Idarubicin and Cytarabine Improves the Outcome of Elderly Patients With De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Report From the GOELAMS." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 18 (June 20, 2010): 3028–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.26.4648.
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Purpose No significant improvement in treatment outcome has been seen in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) over the past 20 years. This retrospective analysis investigated the prognostic factors for complete remission (CR) and survival in older patients with AML. Patients and Methods The study involved 847 patients older than 60 years enrolled onto three trials carried out in France between 1995 and 2005. Induction therapy consisted of idarubicin (8 mg/m2, days 1 through 5) and cytarabine (100 mg/m2, days 1 through 7; group I, 339 patients) or the same drugs plus lomustine (200 mg/m2 orally on day 1; group II, 508 patients). Consolidation therapy consisted of anthracycline and cytarabine courses at lower doses, preceded or not by a first course of intermediate-dose cytarabine. Results The rate of CR was significantly higher in patients in group II compared with group I (68% v 58%; P = .002). The rate of toxic death was similar in the two groups. In multivariate analysis, two prognostic factors were linked to CR: nonadverse cytogenetic (P < .003) and addition of lomustine to induction chemotherapy (P = .002). Median overall survival was significantly improved in patients treated with lomustine (median and SE, 12.7 ± 2.2 months v 8.7 ± 2.7 months; P = .004). In multivariate analysis, five prognostic factors positively affected overall survival: addition of lomustine (P = .002), age ≤ 69 years (P < .001), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status lower than 2 (P = .002), French-American-British subgroup 1/2 (P = .02), and nonadverse cytogenetic (P < .001). Conclusion Lomustine improves the rate of CR and survival in elderly patients with de novo AML when added to standard induction therapy.
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Navarro, E., S. D. Romero, and T. L. Yaksh. "CNS Stimulation and PGE2 Release. III. Pentamethylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 9, no. 2 (April 1989): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1989.27.
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Measurement of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the ventriculocisternal perfusate of the halothane anesthetized, artificially ventilated cat has revealed low but measurable levels of the prostanoid (64 ± 5 pg/min). Administration of pentamethylenetetrazole (PTZ) resulted in a rapid appearance of paroxysmal bursting, the magnitude and duration of which was dose dependent. During the 30-min interval after seizure initiation, PGE2 secretion rates into the ventriculocisternal perfusate rose by five- to sevenfold. Though the initial rate of PGE2 secretion correlated closely with the initial magnitude of bursting, there were significant differences, viz. the time courses. Thus, after a low dose of PTZ (200 mg/kg) the increase and return to normal of PGE2 secretion was time locked with the onset and offset of seizures. In contrast, after high doses of PTZ (250 mg/kg i. v.), seizure activity returned to near baseline by 90 min, while the levels of PGE2 secretion remained elevated for periods in excess of 150 min. Pretreatment with clonazepam (CLP: 3 mg/kg i. v. infusion) blocked seizures otherwise induced by PTZ (250 mg/kg) and the increase in PGE2 secretion. CLP administration 60 min after the initiation of seizures, blocked further seizure activity but did not alter the elevated secretion of PGE2. We thus believe these data jointly support the hypothesis that under intense paroxysmal bursting there is a change in neuronal state such that large stores of free fatty acids are available either because they have accumulated during the seizure because of a continued Ca2+ influx or the presence of large and continuing concentrations of Ca2+ accumulating in the cytosol secondary to energy failure.
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Amadi, Hippolite O., Akin O. Osibogun, Olateju Eyinade, Mohammed B. Kawuwa, Angela C. Uwakwem, Maryann U. Ibekwe, Peter Alabi, Chinyere Ezeaka, Dada G. Eleshin, and Mike O. Ibadin. "Challenges and Frugal Remedies for Lowering Facility Based Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity: A Comparative Study." International Journal of Pediatrics 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/986716.
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Millennium development goal target on infant mortality (MDG4) by 2015 would not be realised in some low-resource countries. This was in part due to unsustainable high-tech ideas that have been poorly executed. Prudent but high impact techniques could have been synthesised in these countries. A collaborative outreach was initiated to devise frugal measures that could reduce neonatal deaths in Nigeria. Prevailing issues of concern that could militate against neonatal survival within care centres were identified and remedies were proffered. These included application of (i) recycled incubator technology (RIT) as a measure of providing affordable incubator sufficiency, (ii) facility-based research groups, (iii) elective training courses for clinicians/nurses, (iv) independent local artisans on spare parts production, (v) power-banking and apnoea-monitoring schemes, and (v) 1/2 yearly failure-preventive maintenance and auditing system. Through a retrospective data analyses 4 outreach centres and one “control” were assessed. Average neonatal mortality of centres reduced from 254/1000 to 114/1000 whilst control remained at 250/1000. There was higher relative influx of incubator-dependent-neonates at outreach centres. It was found that 43% of mortality occurred within 48 hours of presentation (d48) and up to 92% of d48 were of very-low birth parameters. The RIT and associated concerns remedies have demonstrated the vital signs of efficiency that would have guaranteed MDG4 neonatal component in Nigeria.
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Gore, M., P. Mainwaring, R. A'Hern, V. MacFarlane, M. Slevin, P. Harper, R. Osborne, et al. "Randomized trial of dose-intensity with single-agent carboplatin in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. London Gynaecological Oncology Group." Journal of Clinical Oncology 16, no. 7 (July 1998): 2426–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1998.16.7.2426.
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PURPOSE We have examined the role of an increase in cisplatin dose-intensity in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer by means of single-agent carboplatin therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred twenty-seven patients were randomized to treatment and eligible for analysis. The dose of carboplatin was calculated according to the Calvert formula. One hundred seventeen patients received carboplatin at an area under the concentration time curve (AUC) of 6 for six courses, administered every 28 days, and 110 patients received carboplatin at an AUC of 12 for four courses, administered every 28 days. Patients were eligible provided they had not received prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy and had International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages II to IV or relapsed stage I epithelial ovarian cancer. RESULTS The planned total-dose increase was 33% for the patients treated with carboplatin AUC 12, but the received percentage total-dose increase was 20%. There were no differences in progression-free or overall survival between the two treatment arms; the overall survival rate at 5 years was 31% and 34% of patients treated at AUCs 6 and 12, respectively. There was significantly more toxicity associated with carboplatin AUC 12, which resulted in more treatment delays and/or dose reductions (52% v 18%; P < .001). CONCLUSION We have shown that carboplatin can be delivered at an AUC of 12 for four courses without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support, although significant hematologic toxicity occurs. Nonhematologic toxicities were not clinically significant. Carboplatin offers an opportunity to intensify cisplatin therapy, but a greater than two-fold increase in dose-intensity probably needs to be achieved before significant effects on survival will be produced and hematologic support will be required.
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Pein, F., M. F. Tournade, J. M. Zucker, M. Brunat-Mentigny, A. Deville, P. Boutard, F. Dusol, J. C. Gentet, E. Legall, and F. Mechinaud. "Etoposide and carboplatin: a highly effective combination in relapsed or refractory Wilms' tumor--a phase II study by the French Society of Pediatric Oncology." Journal of Clinical Oncology 12, no. 5 (May 1994): 931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1994.12.5.931.
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PURPOSE Since we had previously demonstrated encouraging efficacy of etoposide in patients with relapsed or refractory Wilms' tumor (WT), the likely synergism between etoposide and platinum compounds prompted us to conduct a phase II study of a combination with carboplatin. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-six relapsed or refractory WT patients were included in a phase II study of two courses of combination etoposide 100 mg/m2/d for 5 days and carboplatin 160 mg/m2/d for 5 days, with a 21-day interval between the two courses. Initial stages were I (n = 2), II (n = 8), III (n = 6), IV (n = 6), V (n = 3), and unknown (n = 1). Sites of diseases were lung(s) (11 patients), abdomen-pelvis or liver or primary tumor (six patients), and multiple (eight patients). Histology was unfavorable in three of 26 patients. RESULTS Complete response (CR) was documented in eight patients and partial remission (PR) in 11 (overall response rate, 73%). Stable disease (SD) was observed in five patients and progressive disease (PD) in two. Thrombocytopenia (grade IV) was the major toxicity, and platelet transfusions were required in all but two patients. Grade III anemia and grade III to IV neutropenia were seen in 19 and 23, respectively, of 25 assessable first courses. Venoocclusive disease of the liver was fatal in one child who had undergone irradiation to the whole abdomen, 8 weeks before study. CONCLUSION Combination etoposide and carboplatin has impressive activity in refractory or relapsed WT at the cost of high-grade hematologic toxicity, especially thrombocytopenia. It is of great interest in second-line therapy, since eight of 26 patients are still alive in continuous CR (median follow-up duration, 40 months; range, 24 to 56). This combination deserves further investigation as first-line or consolidation treatment.
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Khashaba, Ahmed Sayed. "Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Online Peer-based Formative Assessments (PeerWise) to Enhance Student Learning in Physiology: A Systematic Review Using PRISMA Guidelines." International Journal of Research in Education and Science 6, no. 4 (September 19, 2020): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijres.v6i4.1216.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the emerging demands on shifting focus towards the development of more student-centered and engaging learning experiences, this systematic review elucidates the effectiveness of PeerWise introduction into the blended learning model in Physiology education based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Twenty electronic databases were utilized to access related studies between years 2010 to April 2020. A total of eight recent articles on PeerWise in physiology were analyzed. Three studies were conducted among medical students, and five studies were among other courses (i.e., Pharmacy, Biomedical Science, Optometry, and Human Physiology). Majority of the study designs were of cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative studies. Data extracted from the articles include (i) the pattern of PeerWise usage, (ii) the association between PeerWise and academic achievement, (iii) the level of student engagement, (iv) the quality of questions created and (v) students’ perceptions. Four emerging themes were identified among students' perceptions; (i) learning competency, (ii) fun learning experience, (iii) engagement with peers, and (iv) motivation. Methodological quality and risk of biased were assessed; and research gaps, limitations and recommendations were addressed. The present review serves as a guide for new authors to refine their knowledge and improve future research in the topic area.