Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Course à pied – Effets physiologiques'
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Assadi, Hervé. "Réponses physiologiques au cours d'exercices intermittents en course à pied." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817851.
Full textFtaiti, Foued. "Contribution à l'étude de l'hyperthermie lors d'une course prolongée." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22081.
Full textHaydar, Bachar. "Changement de direction en course à pied : réponses physiologiques et effets sur la performance." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0019.
Full textBoussana, Alain Marc. "Enchaînement cyclisme-course à pied et triathlon : effets sur la performance des muscles respiratoires et la fonction pulmonaire." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON14002.
Full textFreychat, Philippe. "Le pivotement du talon et de l'avant pied durant la course : méthode de mesure et application à la chaussure de sport." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET002T.
Full textMazure, Cyrille. "Analyse des paramètres métaboliques, neuromusculaires et cinématiques lors d'enchaînements impliquant le cyclisme et la course à pied." Toulon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUL0002.
Full textThe objective of the present work is to analyse the metabolic, kinematics and neuromuscular adaptations during the running part of a cycle-to-run transition in triathlon and duathlon. Within this framework, three studies are undertaken. The first study compares the two running parts of a sprint duathlon realised at a free pace in a time trial condition. The main result is that the running cost is not different before and after cycling. The main hypotheses that could explain this result are the short duration of the cycling part and the subjects'high evel. The second study analyse the influence of the cycling pace on the subsequent 5 km running performance. The 20 km cycling part is conducted either at free pace, either at a constant power output, or with variation in the power output. The results show that the more the cycling is sustained at a constant pace the better is the running performance. Because there is no difference in the cardio-respiratory parameters, it is advanced that repeated high-work jumps during cycling cause muscular fatigue. The third study is undertaken with high level subjects to analyse the kinematics and electromyographics changes during three exercises: a 45 min run effort at VT1 + 5 %, a duathlon and a cycle-to-run transition at the same duration and intensity. The results analysis shows that muscular fatigue is more important during the 45 min running exercise and that there is no kinematics changes during the two others conditions. These results underline the influence of the cycling strategy, intensity and duration on the subsequent running performance. Further studies including a swimming bout will be necessary to expand these conclusions to a whole triathlon
Bosco, Carmelo. "Effets du port permanent d'une surcharge sur les caractéristiques morphologiques fonctionnelles des muscles extenseurs des membres inférieurs." Saint-Etienne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STET005T.
Full textBlondel, Nicolas. "Modélisation de la relation temps limite de course versus intensité relative de l'exercice : applications à l'entraînement." Lille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL2MT15.
Full textTime versus velocity relationship for running exercises : applications to training. Calculation of the relationships between time limit (tlim) and velocity (tlim=f(V)) allows the determination of the critical velocity (Cv) and anaerobic distance capacity (ADC). The aims of this thesis were 1) to explain the variability of time limit when exercise intensity is expressed as a percentage of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), 2) to analyse the influence of the equation used to fit the tlim=f(V) relationship on the Cv and ADC parameters, 3) to determine the effects of a high intensity training program on the Cv and ADC parameters, with regard to changes in ventilatory threshold (Vtresh) and maximal accumulated oxygen deficit. The first study demonstrated that exercise intensity individualized according to Cv and maximal velocity allowed to reduce the interindividual tlim variability. The second study confirms the influence of the mathematical model on the Cv and ADC parameters determination. The Cv calculated with the 3 component hyperbolic model was not significantly different from Vtresh. In the last study, the training program allowed a significant improvement of Cv and ADC. However, the magnitude of the improvement depends on the mathematical model used. Significant relationships were found between changes in Cv (linear model) and changes in VO2max. In an in-the-field perspective, the linear model seems to be the most interesting for coaches or physical education teachers
Slawinski, Jean. "Effets de la fatigue et du niveau d'entraînement : étude des relations entre les coûts énergétique et mécanique en course à pied." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EVRY0005.
Full textHue, Olivier. "L'enchaînement cyclisme-course à pied en triathlon. Aspects physiologiques et spécifiques de la transition." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON14002.
Full textIaïche, Rezoug. "Etude comparative, en laboratoire et sur le terrain, de facteurs physiologiques de la performance en course de fond." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05S032.
Full textThe maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), maximal aerobic speed (MAS) and the time to exhaustion at MAS (t-lim at MAS) have been assessed in laboratory and on the field by means of identical protocols at two different periods with long distance runners. With a second group of students in physical education and sports, one serie of tests aiming at the comparaison of VO2 max and MAS in laboratory and on the field has been achieved. (. . . )
Molinari, Claire. "Influence des variables de contrôle sur l’émergence des paradigmes physiologiques de la performance en course à pied." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE020.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to contribute to the understanding of the effects of control variables on performance, such as time, speed, perception of effort (article 1), distance (article 2) as well as V̇O2 and heart rate (article 3). We were able to do this work using the new possibilities offered by the new technologies that free the physiologist from the treadmill while having the possibility of controlling all physiological variables via Bluetooth®. We found that: 1) athletes were able to adapt and reproduce physiological responses not only in intensity but also in duration (article 1), 2) when the control variable is distance with a competitive situation, the contribution of energy at V̇O2max was relatively identical in proportion to aerobic energy from 100 to 10,000m (article 2). There would therefore be an energy continuum from sprint to 10 kilometres that could be information integrated into the body in a central (middle and bottom) or metabolic (sprint) way. 3) Finally, we have shown that even in a fairly long (12 minutes) and maximum effort, the runner benefits from a "physiological" control aid by heart rate or V̇O2 to achieve his best performance. In conclusion, this thesis work proposes a methodology in which the runner becomes autonomous in the choice of his speed strategy by freeing himself from target speed calculations based on physiological thresholds, V̇O2max and other physiological factors made limiting
LE, POULAIN DOUBLIEZ MARGUERITE, and POULAIN BENOIT LE. "Course a pied de 100 kilometres : effets de l'exercice prolonge sur les constituants sanguins et urinaires." Amiens, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AMIEM091.
Full textGindre, Cyrille. "Modélisation des relations entraînements – performances – adaptations physiologiques chez des athlètes spécialistes de demi-fond court et de fond." Reims, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REIMS011.
Full textBanister's model has been used to correlate training with performance. The basic assumption is that a dose of training contributes to both fitness and fatigue. Performance is related to the difference between these two first-order transfer functions. In the present study we tested the validity of the Banister model. For this, we followed developments of performance and physical qualities (aerobic, anaerobic, strength, speed, muscle power) with training of two group of runners specialists of long (≥ 10 km) and short (800 m) distances. The consideration of joint performance, physical and biological parameters allowed us 1) to have an integrated view of organism adaptations with training 2) to assess the validity of antagonist functions of the Banister's model. We were thus able to show that physical qualities evolution of short distances specialists on a season is done according to principles that can bring changes to the organization from those of an ecosystem consisting of different "species". Although Banister's model could be used to estimate performances, we have shown that fitness and fatigue functions may not be so valid linked to the physiological parameters of actual performance and fatigue. We conclude that the Banister's model is more a model of data than a model of structure. These results are a preliminary step in developing a new kind of model – which we proposed the foundation-for – linking training, performance and physical adaptation
Genest-La, Haye Michel. "Étude à double insu sur les effets de l'absorption du citrate de sodium sur la performance d'une course de 400 m plat chez des athlètes de haut niveau." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1997.
Find full textEsculier, Jean-François. "Le syndrome fémoropatellaire chez les coureurs : effets de différentes approches de réadaptation basées sur les mécanismes sous-jacents." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27727.
Full textSoixante-neuf coureurs ayant un syndrome fémoropatellaire (SFP) ont participé à une session d’évaluation pendant laquelle les symptômes et limitations fonctionnelles, la force musculaire, les chaussures de course, la cinématique et la cinétique de course et l’état radiologique du genou atteint ont été évalués. Pendant la technique de course habituelle, l’utilisation de chaussures montrant un niveau de minimalisme plus important tel qu’objectivé par l’Indice minimaliste était associée à une cadence des pas plus élevée ainsi qu’un angle d’inclinaison du pied et une force à l’articulation fémoropatellaire moindres, qui représentent des variables clés dans le traitement du SFP selon la littérature actuelle. Des modifications au patron de course habituel ont permis de diminuer la douleur de façon immédiate chez une portion des coureurs, en lien avec une réduction de la cinétique fémoropatellaire. Chez les attaqueurs du talon, le fait d’augmenter la cadence, de transférer vers une attaque de l’avant-pied et de courir sans bruit ont été les modifications les plus efficaces, en comparaison avec l’augmentation de la cadence et la course sur l’avant-pied chez les attaqueurs non-talon. Les coureurs ont ensuite été assignés à un programme de réadaptation d’une durée de 8 semaines parmi (1) éducation sur les modifications d’entraînement en fonction des symptômes; (2) programme d’exercices en plus de la composante d’éducation; (3) modifications au patron de course en plus de la composante d’éducation. Les trois programmes ont mené à des améliorations significatives sur les niveaux de symptômes et de limitations fonctionnelles. Cependant, bien que les mécanismes sous-jacents aux modifications du patron de course et au programme d’exercices aient bel et bien été modifiés, l’ajout de telles composantes à l’éducation n’a pas procuré de bénéfice supplémentaire à une intervention impliquant seulement l’éducation. Globalement, 78% des coureurs ont atteint le critère de succès clinique au suivi 3 mois après la fin de l’intervention. La combinaison du niveau de symptômes et de limitations fonctionnelles, de la force des extenseurs du genou et de l’intégrité du tendon rotulien a montré la meilleure capacité à prédire le succès clinique suite à une intervention mettant l’emphase sur l’éducation chez cette cohorte de coureurs ayant un SFP.
Sixty-nine runners with patellofemoral pain (PFP) took part in a baseline assessment during which their level of symptoms and function, lower limb strength, running shoes, running kinematics and kinetics as well as radiological outcomes were evaluated. During the habitual running pattern, the use of footwear showing a greater level of minimalism as indicated by the Minimalist Index was associated with outcomes that have previously been suggested to treat PFP in runners, namely greater step rate, lower foot inclination angle and lower patellofemoral joint kinetics. Running gait modifications, which were linked with decreased patellofemoral joint kinetics, were efficient in immediately decreasing symptoms in a subset of runners. In rearfoot strikers, the most efficient modifications were increasing step rate, forefoot striking and running softer, while non-rearfoot strikers benefited from increasing step rate and forefoot striking. Runners were then assigned to one of three 8-week rehabilitation programs among (1) education on training modifications based on symptoms; (2) an exercise program in addition to the education component; (3) gait retraining in addition to the education component. All programs led to significant improvements in the levels of symptoms and functional limitations. Even though gait retraining and exercises improved their targeted mechanisms, their addition to education did not provide additional benefits. Globally, 78% reached clinical success at the follow-up 3 months after the end of the program. A combination of the level of symptoms and function, knee extensors strength and patellar tendon integrity best predicted clinical success of runners with PFP following an intervention focused on education.
Linossier, Marie-Thérèse. "Aptitude au sprint chez l'homme : effet de l'entraînement sur la réponse mécanique et métabolique durant un exercice supramaximal." Saint-Etienne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STET002T.
Full textHeugas, de Panafieu Anne-Marie. "Analyse des effets de l'entraînement sur les indicateurs physiologiques de la performance en course de 400 mètres chez des athlètes de haut niveau." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2280.
Full textKervio, Gaëlle. "Effets de l'insuffisance cardiaque sur les adaptations cardiorespiratoires à l'exercice sous-maximal et exploration de leur régulation par l'étude du système nerveux autonome." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1B075.
Full textLeduc, Berryman Jean Nicolas. "Effets d'un entraînement combiné en force et en endurance sur la performance en course à pied." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7729.
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