To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Court procedures.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Court procedures'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Court procedures.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Serdyuk, V. I. "Court procedures in South Africa." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/33827.
Full textAbstract:
Pre-trial motions that are intended to exclude evidence on the basis of exclusionary rules are not prominent in the South African legal system. Instead, objections to the admissibility of statements such as confessions or admissions are dealt with at the trial stage in a procedure that is known as the “trial-within-a-trial” system. The South African Constitutional Court has held that an accused person is constitutionally entitled to pre-trial discovery of all evidence in police files, unless said evidence compromises the identity of a witness/informer etc. South African trial proceedings are largely adversarial. According to the principle of the presumption of innocence, prosecutors are required to prove their case beyond a reasonable doubt.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/33827
2
Benkendorfer, Jarrett Alan. "Courts-Martial and Civilian: How the Court Martial Affords Greater Constitutional Protections During Court Procedures and Sentencing." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/243739.
Full textAbstract:
There is often a misconception regarding the military and the procedures that it uses in order to bring military personnel and prisoners of war to justice. While it is true that Constitutional liberties are limited within the military system, the Constitution still very much applies to uniformed members who swear an oath to the document. In this regard, the Uniform Code of Military Justice was adopted to mirror the Federal Rules of Evidence, which govern the procedures for Article III courts. Through scrutinizing the sentencing procedures that take place in a civilian court and comparing those same procedures with its court martial counterpart, there is evidence to suggest that the UCMJ has better methods to ensure that a defendant’s rights are protected from the time an investigation begins to the time of acquittal or guilt. The methods in jury selection and the weight of the orders issued by a Judge Advocate General are two examples of such enhanced procedures. Since 2001, there has also been discussion involving detained individuals at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, which has led to a sparked interest in the discussion of military commissions. Ultimately, individuals are far more likely to face a fair trial if they enter into a court martial rather than a civilian court.
3
Viljoen, Charmell S. "Secondary victimisation in the court procedures of rape cases : an analysis of four court cases." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53584.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Violence against women is a serious offence. Emotional and physical abuse can happen to our daughters, sisters and wives. Rape is a form of violence against women. It violates a woman's privacy, dignity and it makes her feel as if she has lost control. The criminal justice system is there to protect the citizens of a country and this protection should extend to women when they have been violated. The criminal justice system has different structures, for example the courts, medical services and police services. The staff of the criminal justice process do not have an inherent duty to care about rape survivors but they can be trained to treat survivors with consideration and sympathy to counteract the effects of the rape and secondary victimization experienced by rape survivors. It is important that there are guidelines for the staff of the criminal justice system to assist them in rape cases. This thesis explores whether women experience secondary victimisation during court proceedings. To assess whether it occurs, court transcripts were analysed with a focus placed on the background of the court case and the verdicts of the judges. Findings indicate that secondary victimisation do occur during court cases. Rape survivors feel as if they are on trial and not the rapist. Survivors furthermore believe that they will have to live with the label that they had been raped and humiliated. The thesis recommends that officials of the criminal justice process should receive extensive training, and looks at the Sexual Offences Court in Wynberg as an example of an improved system for rape survivors. It is recommended that the procedures of the Sexual Offences Court should be evaluated on a regular basis to address secondary victimisation problems that may persist. Communication is very important during the rape trial. The rape survivor has to be informed about her case and about the location of the rapist at all times.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geweld teen vroue is 'n ernstige oortreding wat plaasvind in ons samelewing. Emosionele en fisiese geweld kan gebeur met ons dogters, vroue en susters. Hierdie vorm van geweld laat vroue voel asof hulle beheer verloor oor hulle lewens en dit het ook 'n impak op hul self respek en selfbeeld. Die Kriminele Sisteem van Suid Afrika is daar om die belange van sy inwoners te beskerm. Dit het verskillende afdelings byvoorbeeld, die mediese dienste, die polisie en die hof verrigtinge. Die lede van die Kriminele Sisteem werk met verskillende individue wat voel dat die hof die uitweg sal wees wat geregtigheid sal laat geskied. Die lede van die Kriminele Sisteem het nie 'n persoonlike verantwoordelikheid teenoor die verkragtings oorlewendes nie, maar hulle moet sensitiwiteit en empatie betoon teenoor die dames wat verkrag was. Die gedrag van die personeel speel 'n groot rol in terme van hoe die vrou wat verkrag was die aangeleentheid verwerk. Die fokus van die studie is om te kyk of vroue wel sekondêre viktimisering ervaar wanneer hulle besluit om voort te gaan met die hofsake. Hof transkripsies was gebruik om te kyk of vroue wel benadeel word. Daar was gekyk na die uitsprake van die regters sowel as die agtergrond van die hofsaak. Daar was bevind dat sekondêre viktimisering wel plaasvind gedurende die hof verrigtinge. Vroue voel asof hulle verantwoordelik is vir die verkragting wat met hulle gebeur het. Die verkragter word nie gesien as die persoon wat oortree het nie. Hierdie gevoelens van self blamering vorm deel van sekondêre viktimisering wat veroorsaak dat vroue sommige kere voel om nie verder te gaan met die hof saak nie. Die verskillende lede van die Kriminele Sisteem moet gedurig opleiding verkry wat hulle in staat sal stel om die gevoelens van die slagoffers in ag te neem. Die howe wat spesiaal opgerig is om verkragting sake te verhoor moet geevalueer word sodat dit 'n sukses kan wees. Kommunikasie moet bevorder word tussen die verskillende departemente en nie -regerings organisasies wat 'n rol speel gedurende die hof sake.
4
Parker, Naeema. "The court experiences of survivors of child sexual abuse." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Full textAbstract:
This study ws aimed at understanding the particular experiences of children who have been sexualy abused, with regrds to their experiences in court.With the high prevalence of sexual abuse in South Africa, many children are forced to testify against the alleged perpetrators of these crimes in public courts. Several reforms have been introduced into the child justice system, inorder to make the process of child testimony more child-friendly. The research explicated the children's expereinces of the new courtroom procedures and it was found that some aspects of the legal process were indeed experienced as a form of secondary traumatisation.
5
Kushner, Lester M. "A matching process: More effective placement procedures for court dependent children." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/174.
Full text
6
Strydom, L. T. (Louie Talitha). "The experiences of children in middle-childhood regarding children's court procedures." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41498.
Full textAbstract:
Current statistics show an alarming number of children entering the South African children’s court system annually. Yet little to no research has been conducted involving children who actually attend children’s court within the South African context, specifically since the promulgation of the new Children’s Act 38 of 2005. Consequently, very little knowledge regarding these children’s experiences and where the court system may be failing them exists.
Statutory intervention with children in the middle-childhood phase is based on the premise that such intervention is in the best interest of the child. The process begins with the assignment of a social worker who is tasked with conducting a comprehensive investigation into the child’s life. Once this investigation has been finalised, the child and all relevant parties will attend children’s court where a final decision will be made regarding the child’s future care. The question arises how children experience children’s court procedures and whether there are areas where improvement would be warranted, especially since heavy caseloads often result in postponements which could exacerbate any negative experiences.
With a view to gaining insight into middle-childhood children’s experience of children’s court procedures, the researcher conducted a qualitative, applied study using a collective case study design. Two literature studies form the knowledge base of the study, where the first explores the various areas of development in middle childhood and the second the children’s court process, with specific reference to the relevant legislation and polices underlying this process.
In-depth interviews with nine children in the middle-childhood phase who had been exposed to children’s court procedures allowed the researcher to gather data from the children’s perspectives, rather than from the perspective of professionals as is the case in the majority of other studies. This empirical study contributed to the knowledge base by providing evidence that children are not by any means adequately prepared for children’s court and do not meaningfully participate in the process. Furthermore, empirical evidence revealed that children in middle childhood often associate negative emotions – notably fear, sadness and anger – with children’s court procedures.
From this empirical study, it was concluded that social workers need to take responsibility for ensuring that children are comprehensively prepared for court procedures. Furthermore, steps need to be taken to enhance children’s level of participation throughout the entire process.Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
lmchunu2014
Social Work and Criminology
unrestricted
7
Quine, Jay A. "An examination of the status of court involvement in church discipline procedures." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
8
Liwski, Mateusz, Матеуш Ливски, and Матеуш Лівски. "Economic procedural law: a comparison of the experience of Ukraine and Poland in the context of court proceedings." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/48743.
Full textAbstract:
The development of Ukraine as a democratic socially oriented state, the
reform of the market economy necessitates the introduction of new socioeconomic mechanisms for regulating and protecting the economic sphere. The
problem of development economic procedure law is quite relevant at this stage
of development of the country, because the legislation in the field of economic
sphere is characterized by the presence of contradictions, imperfections of the
law, as well as difficulties in resolving disputes over economic and business.Розвиток України як демократичної соціально орієнтованої держави, реформа ринкової економіки зумовлює необхідність запровадження нових соціально-економічних механізмів регулювання та захисту економічної сфери. Проблема розвитку економічного процесуального права є досить актуальною на цьому етапі розвитку країни, оскільки законодавство у галузі економіки сфера характеризується наявністю суперечностей, недосконалості законодавство, а також труднощі у вирішенні суперечок щодо економіки та бізнесу
9
Al, Saud T. "A comparison between the dispute settlement procedures in the International Court of Justice and the World Trade Organisation." Thesis, Brunel University, 2009. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4477.
Full textAbstract:
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) came into being due to a perceived need for international judicial settlement, whereas the World Trade Organisation (WTO) was created for the purpose of specifically promoting international trade by reducing tariffs and other barriers to trade. Alternative structures for each institution are also considered, as is the older dispute settlement process of arbitration, by means of cases. It is a voluntary submission by both parties to a dispute, when they have agreed on the issues, but need external assistance to proceed further. As a type of judicial settlement, it is binding, can permit third party or non-state involvement, and is a precursor of international tribunals. In the WTO, one aim is to use cases to test conceptual points. The specific aspects of dispute settlement including the application of rules and procedures, and implementation and processes, will be discussed. The working procedures of the Appellate Body (AB) will be analysed in detail. Another aim is to compare with the ICJ, wherever possible. Legal concepts such as jurisdiction, judicial aspects of reasoning, the burden of proof, and the standard of proof will be discussed. The Appellate Body’s (AB’s) standard of review of panel recommendations and rulings will be analysed. Compliance and enforcement are compared between the two organisations. Economic and political considerations will also be touched on when relevant to this study. In the ICJ, the application of concepts such as judicial restraint and activism will be assessed, including the degree of inconsistency found in different cases. The implications of the different types of agreements between states that can lead to or have led to the ICJ’s jurisdiction will be examined, and the impacts assessed. The ambiguity involving provisional measures will be studied in detail. The ICJ’s relationship to the UN Security Council will also be assessed. The lack of monitoring or enforcement, and of no stated compliance timeframe are considered. The thesis will end with various future recommendations.
10
Schiller, Ulene. "Development of a training programme for state prosecutors to address re-victimization of the sexually abused child during forensic procedures." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07242006-162500.
Full text
11
MARCO, THIERRY. "Fibrinolyse loco-regionale par urokinase dans le traitement des arteriopathies des membres inferieurs : resultats a court et long terme de 33 procedures sur arteres natives." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M071.
Full text
12
Rejanovinschi, Talledo Moisés. "Consumer protection and State proposal in private self-regulation and administrative procedures: an initial approach." IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122805.
Full textAbstract:
Are State proposals on private self-regulation and administrative procedures on consumption adequate? The present papper analyzes the challenges of its application, providing a final reflection on the complaints in social networks.¿Son adecuadas las propuestas Estatales sobre autorregulación privada y procedimientos administrativos en materia de consumo? El presente artículo analiza los retos de su aplicación brindando una reflexión final acerca de los reclamos en redes sociales.
13
Vsindilok, Natacha. "A comparison of the case flow management and case tracking systems of the Central Adminstrative Court of Thailand with those of the Federal Court of Australia, with reference to practice in the USA." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060509.100729/index.html.
Full text
14
Sage, Larry G. "Applying felony drug court concepts in the lower courts : should we modernize misdemeanor sentencing? /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2006. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1440919.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.J.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2006."December, 2006." Includes bibliographical references. Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2006]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.
15
Рунова, В. В. "Адміністративні процедури в діяльності господарських судів України." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64934.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертацію присвячено аналізу сутності та особливостей адміністративних процедур в діяльності господарських судів України, а також шляхів удосконалення їх реалізації. Здійснено характеристику поняття та особливостей господарських судів у судовій системі та системі суб’єктів адміністративного права. Розкрито сутність та значення адміністративних процедур в діяльності господарських судів. З’ясовано проблеми розмежування адміністративних та інших правовідносин, що виникають під час реалізації правосуддя господарськими судами. Проаналізовано правові засади організації діяльності господарських судів та визначено місце серед них адміністративно-правового регулювання. Надано класифікацію адміністративних процедур у діяльності господарських судів. Встановлено сутність та види юрисдикційних адміністративних процедур у діяльності господарських судів. Визначено поняття та окреслено особливості установчих та внутрішньоорганізаційних адміністративних процедур у діяльності господарських судів. Здійснено характеристику адміністративно-правового статусу учасників адміністративних процедур у діяльності господарських судів. Узагальнено зарубіжний досвід здійснення адміністративних процедур господарськими судами та окреслено можливість його використання в Україні. Запропоновано шляхи удосконалення адміністративного законодавства, яке регулює здійснення господарськими судами адміністративних процедур.Диссертация посвящена анализу сущности и особенностей административных процедур в деятельности хозяйственных судов Украины, а также путей совершенствования их реализации. Дана общая характеристика понятия и особенностей хозяйственных судов в судебной системе и системе субъектов административного права. Установлено, что место хозяйственных судов в системе субъектов административного права обусловливается спецификой правоприменения в ходе их деятельности, их местом в публично-правовом механизме власти, многообразием выполняемых функций, наличием вертикальной и горизонтальной структуры судебных органов и особым процедурно-процессуальным характером деятельности. Раскрыты сущность и значение административных процедур в деятельности хозяйственных судов. Под административными процедурами в деятельности хозяйственных судов предложено понимать определенный действующим административным законодательством последовательный порядок управленческой или организационно-распорядительной деятельности суда, судьи или уполномоченного лица относительно принятия конкретного решения по делу или исполнения управленческой функции. Выяснены проблемы разграничения административных и иных правоотношений, возникающих при реализации правосудия хозяйственными судами. Проанализированы правовые основы организации деятельности хозяйственных судов, определено место среди них административно-правового регулирования. Обобщены проблемы классификации административных процедур в деятельности хозяйственных судов. Установлены сущность и виды юрисдикционных административных процедур в деятельности хозяйственных судов. Осуществлена классификация административных процедур в деятельности хозяйственных судов по организационно-функциональным направлениям, то есть учитывая специфику функций, отнесенных законодательством к полномочиям таких судов. Выделены юрисдикционные, учредительные и внутриорганизационные административные процедуры. Определены понятие и особенности учредительных административных процедур в деятельности хозяйственных судов. К таким процедурам относятся: а) процедура создания хозяйственного суда; б) процедура ликвидации хозяйственного суда; в) процедура избрания судей хозяйственных судов на административные должности; г) процедура увольнения судей хозяйственных судов с административных должностей. Осуществлена характеристика административно-правового статуса участников административных процедур в деятельности хозяйственных судов. Обобщен зарубежный опыт осуществления административных процедур хозяйственными судами и определена возможность его использования в Украине. Предложены пути совершенствования административного законодательства, регулирующего осуществление хозяйственными судами административных процедур.
The thesis is focused on the analysis of the nature and characteristics of administrative procedures within the activities of commercial courts of Ukraine, as well as the ways to improve their implementation. The characteristics of the concept and features of commercial courts in the judicial system and the system of subjects of administrative law have been accomplished. The nature and significance of administrative procedures within the activities of commercial courts have been revealed. The author has clarified the problems of separation of administrative and other legal relations arising during the implementation of justice by commercial courts. The legal principles of activity of commercial courts have been analyzed; and the place of administrative and legal regulation among them has determined. The classification of administrative procedures within the activities of commercial courts has been provided. The nature and types of jurisdictional administrative procedures within the activities of commercial courts have been established. The concept of statutory and intraorganizational administrative procedures within the activities of commercial courts has been defined; their features have been outlined. The characteristic of administrative and legal status of the participants of administrative procedures within the activities of commercial courts has been accomplished. International experience of the implementation of administrative procedures by commercial courts has been summarized; and the possibility of its application in Ukraine has been outlined. The ways of improving administrative legislation regulating the implementation of administrative procedures by commercial courts have been suggested.
16
Kinney, J. Bryan. "Court sentencing patterns /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2367.
Full text
17
Tang, Wai-yau Peter. "The influence of gender on juvenile court dispositions." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20621929.
Full text
18
Rzayev, Ramin. "Procedural aspects of change of accusation in court proceeding." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/41659.
Full textAbstract:
After making a decision on the appointment of a judicial review, the nature of the charge laid down by the general conditions for the exercise of judicial review is examined. In this case, the general terms of the trial must be adhered in such a manner that the prosecution can be considered in court. These terms of judicial review are generally applicable to independent court proceedings where any decision made without their observance is invalid .After making a decision on the appointment of a judicial review, the nature of the charge laid down by the general conditions for the exercise of judicial review is examined. In this case, the general terms of the trial must be adhered in such a manner that the prosecution can be considered in court. These terms of judicial review are generally applicable to independent court proceedings where any decision made without their observance is invalid .
19
Buyakova, Veronika. "Pilot Judgement Procedure in the European Court of Human Rights." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-196562.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis examines one of the latest novelties in the work of the ECtHR - Pilot Judgement Procedure. The thesis covers all the aspects of the PJP such as an introduction of the procedure and its reasons, its main objectives, theoretical basis, practical application, and effectiveness.
20
Tiede, Lydia Brashear. "The politics of criminal law reform a comparative analysis of lower court decision-making /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3307373.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed August 13, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
21
Safferling, Christoph Johannes Maria. "Towards an international criminal procedure /." Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford University Press, 2003. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0615/2003276194-d.html.
Full text
22
Atake, E. D. "Contempt in the face of the court and the procedure for committal." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384309.
Full text
23
Hassanein, Ahmed Samir. "The principle of complementarity betwen international and national criminal courts." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165410.
Full textAbstract:
The principle of complementarity is the cornerstone of the establishment of the International Criminal Court as well as one of the key factors for its successful operation. Having said that, the qualities of being flexible and adaptable make the task of interpreting the principle of complementarity extremely sensitive and technically tricky. According to the current wording of the principle of complementarity in the Rome Statute, the ICC could factually exercise primacy over the national jurisdiction, if a loose interpretation of the principle is adopted, or conversely being residual to national jurisdictions, if the principle was strictly interpreted. While the principle of complementarity was at the heart of the negotiating process for the establishment of the International Criminal Court, the emerging practice of the Court to date has left the vast majority of the questions on complementarity unanswered, even the few issues which the Court has touched upon are not immune from criticism. This thesis will thus strive, through an in-depth analysis of the past, present and practice of the principle of complementarity and its corollary issues, to offer workable answers as well as constructive criticism. Guided by the central objective of ending impunity for the core crimes through criminal justice, this thesis, in interpreting the principle of complementarity, will follow a balanced approach which, while unequivocally favours national prosecutions where possible, it adopts a broadening interpretation when national jurisdictions are genuinely unavailable or ineffective. To this end, this thesis eventually presents the principle of complementarity as a managerial principle which promotes for the effective investigation and prosecution of the core crimes through the adoption of different policies which encourage, inter alia, a division of labour between the International Criminal Court and domestic jurisdictions, and enable states to carry out proceedings and overcome dilemmas of ‘inability’ or ‘unwillingness’ without the role of the International Criminal Court being limited in such incidents to excluding national jurisdiction.
24
Taylor, Philip P. "Is the process the punishment in the Kennesaw Municipal Court? /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1451080.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.J.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2007."December 2007." Includes bibliographical references. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2008]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.
25
Tarantal, Willem Benjamin. "The right of appeal: Exercising the right of appeal from the lower courts." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis dealt with the constitutionality of the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Amendment Act, 2003 (Act 42 of 2003), pertaining to the leave requirement and petition procedures in respect of appeals against conviction, sentence or orders of the lower courts.
26
Valiullina, Farida. "Dialogue of the Courts in Europe: Interactions between the European Court of Human Rights, the Court of Justice of the European Union and the Courts of the ECHR Member States." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18609.
Full textAbstract:
Aufgrund des wachsenden Bedarfs an kohärenter Interaktion zwischen dem Europäischen Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte, dem Gerichtshof der Europäischen Union und den Gerichten der EMRK-Mitgliedstaaten, untersucht diese Arbeit die Problematik von Kompetenzkonflikten, die die Glaubwürdigkeit der europäischen und nationalen Gerichtshöfe untergraben und die Effektivität des gerichtlichen Rechtsschutzes in Europa schwächen, und schlägt die Lösungen vor, um Rechtsprechungskonflikte zwischen den Gerichtshöfen zu verringern. Es erfolgt eine Betrachtung der Fragen, wie Inkonsistenzen der gerichtlichen Rechtsprechung der europäischen und nationalen Gerichte vermieden werden können, wie der Beitritt der EU zur EMRK angegangen werden kann und wie das Piloturteilsverfahren des EGMR und nationalen gerichtlichen Überprüfungsverfahren wirksam funktionieren kann. Die Arbeit kommt zu dem Schluss, dass es für die Koordination der Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Gerichten wichtig ist, ihre Interaktionen zu verstärken, indem bewährte Verfahren auf allen Ebenen ausgetauscht werden. Um eine tiefere Integration der Staaten in die europäische und internationale Gemeinschaft zu erreichen und das Risiko von sich widersprechenden gerichtlichen Entscheidungen zu reduzieren, wird von den Mitgliedstaaten erwartet, dass sie ihre Verpflichtungen aus dem EU-Recht und der EMRK verlässlich erfüllen, und die europäischen Gerichtshöfe werden ihrerseits die Möglichkeit eines Eingriffs in die Souveränität der Staaten ausschlieβen lassen. Nur wenn einvernehmlich beschlossene Lösungen angenommen werden, wird eine größere Kohärenz in Rechtsprechung der europäischen und nationalen Gerichtshöfe erreicht und ein einheitliches System zum Schutz der Menschenrechte gewährleistet.In light of the growing need to establish a coherent relationship between the European Court of Human Rights, the Court of Justice of the European Union and the courts of the ECHR member states, this study explores the challenges of jurisdictional competition that undermine the credibility of the courts and weaken the effectiveness of judicial protection of fundamental rights in Europe, and suggests ways to reduce emerging judicial tensions between these courts. It examines how to avoid inconsistencies in judicial practices of the European and national courts, how to approach accession of the EU to the ECHR, and how to ensure effective functioning of the pilot judgment mechanism and national judicial review procedures. It concludes that in order to coordinate cooperation between the courts it is important to strengthen their interactions through adhering to best practices at all levels. To pursue deeper integration of states into the European and international community and minimise the chance of rendering contradicting judgments by the courts, member states are expected to comply faithfully with their obligations under EU law and the ECHR, and the European courts shall exclude the possibility of encroachment on state sovereignty. Only if mutually agreed solutions are adopted will a greater consistency in their case law be achieved and a uniform system of protection of human rights ensured.
27
White, Sarah. "Procedure and legal arguments in the court of Canterbury, c. 1193-1300." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12686.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the construction of legal arguments in the English ecclesiastical courts, 1193-1300. The primary source materials used are the records of the thirteenth-century provincial Court of Canterbury, the earliest extensive collection of English ecclesiastical court records. The thesis is divided into two sections: 1) the development and use of Romano- canonical procedure in the Court of Canterbury, and 2) the construction of arguments based on procedure, issues of fact, and issues of law, as well as the citation of legal sources. As yet, very little work has been done on the practical aspects of litigation and legal representation in the ecclesiastical courts before the fourteenth century. By combining a broad overview of procedure with a detailed analysis of select documents and cases, this thesis will provide a more in-depth study of legal argument in the ecclesiastical courts than has previously been available. In the thirteenth century, the ecclesiastical courts were operating within an extensive framework of written law, which made the litigants dependent on both the eloquence of their argument and on their ability to cite their sources and offer proofs. The increased complexity of arguments and the appearance of explicit canon and civil law citations at the end of the thirteenth century were almost certainly a result of the development of the roles of advocates in the church courts. This study will use the surviving records from Canterbury to provide a detailed picture of litigation in the period, in particular with regard to the way in which litigants constructed their arguments and accessed representation, and the manner in which legal experts made use of their education when practising in the church courts. This will allow us to further investigate how litigants were able to understand and make effective use of a changing legal system.
28
Tang, Wai-yau Peter, and 鄧偉猷. "The influence of gender on juvenile court dispositions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978691.
Full text
29
Kayuni, Steven William Stewista. "A policy oriented approach to witness protective measures at the international criminal court." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/68456/.
Full text
30
Gil, Nelson E. "Reform in California's Immigration Enforcement and Immigration Court." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/81.
Full textAbstract:
According to the Department of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistic, California accounts for approximately 2,600,000 illegal immigrants in 2009. This number represents about 25 percent of the entire estimated illegal immigrant population in the United States, which is roughly 10.8 million. Between 2003 and 2008, the U.S. government removed 1,446,338 noncitizens from the United States. This rise in deportation is a result o the changes that have been enacted by the federal government over the years that transformed the nature of immigration enforcement. This thesis explores the California Immigration Enforcement system from the programs established to apprehend illegal aliens in the United States, the rights illegal aliens are granted, the detention facilities where they reside and the immigration courts that ultimately decide their fate. The question that is being asked is whether the current system established works or if reform is needed.
31
Moussavou, Charlène Mirca. "Le statut de victime de crimes internationaux devant la cour pénale internationale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1097.
Full textAbstract:
Face aux atrocités qu'ont connu les 19ème et 20ème siècles en terme de crimes de masse, de nombreuses tentatives ont mené la communauté internationale à la création d'une cour criminelle internationale capable de juger les responsables des « grands crimes de guerre » au cours des conflits mondiaux. A travers la lettre et l'esprit du Statut de la cour pénale internationale, on note avec soulagement le regain d'intérêt de la justice pénale internationale pour la victime et pour sa reconstruction. Jusque là, cette dernière était principalement centrée sur le criminel, le but premier de cette dernière étant la lutte contre l'impunité. L'une des innovations majeures qu'a apportée le Statut de Rome réside dans la place centrale accordée aux victimes dans la procédure. A la différence de ses prédécesseurs, la CPI leur confère à la fois un statut pénal et civil ; elles disposent d'un droit de participation au procès pénal dès son commencement sous des conditions strictement encadrées par le juge ainsi qu'un droit à la réparation du préjudice qu'elles ont subi. Mais quelle est l'étendue réelle de l'implication des victimes dans ces procédures et quelles en sont les limites et conséquences pratiques au regard des objectifs fixés à l'origine ? Cette étude se propose de procéder à un examen approfondi du dispositif consacrant les droits des victimes de crimes internationaux et à une analyse de ses premières applicationsTo the atrocities experienced by the 19th and 20th centuries in terms of mass crimes, many attempts have led the international community to create an international criminal court to prosecute those responsible for the "big war crimes" during global conflicts. Through the letter and spirit of the Statute of the International Criminal Court, we note with relief the renewed interest of the international criminal justice for the victim and for its reconstruction. Until then, it was mainly focused on the criminal, the first goal of the latter being the fight against impunity. One of the major innovations made by the Rome Statute is the central place for victims in the proceedings. Unlike its predecessors, the ICC gives them both a criminal and civil status ; they have a right to participate in criminal proceedings from its beginning under conditions strictly controlled by the judge and a right to compensation for damage suffered. But what is the real victim involvement in these processes, and what are its limitations and practical implications to the objectives originally set extension ? This study aims to conduct a thorough review of the device providing the rights of victims of international crimes and an analysis of its first applications
32
Cullinan, Laurie. "Caseload and case information : the sentencing practices of magistrates in the arrest court /." [St. Lucia, Qld], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18192.pdf.
Full text
33
Nanyunja, Brenda. "An Analysis of the Anti-corruption Division of the High Court of Uganda." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5178.
Full text
34
Bachvarova, Tatyana Emilova. "The standing of victims in the procedural design of the International Criminal Court." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2015. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/18313/.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis explores the autonomous standing of victims in the proceedings and in the evidentiary process before the International Criminal Court (‘the ICC’). For the purpose of elucidating the part played by victims as protagonists in their own right, the thesis brings forth a number of core characteristics that delimit the status of victims and distinguish it, accordingly, from the standing of the parties and from other non-party participants. Chapter I illuminates the eligibility of a person as a victim pursuant to rule 85 of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence as the starting point for any involvement of victims in the course of the proceedings. The thesis explores the multifaceted matters ensuing from the application and interpretation of this provision as a whole, as well as of each of the eligibility criteria. An important highlight into the independent yet non-party standing of victims within the ICC’s procedural design is provided in Chapter II by way of a comprehensive and innovative categorization of the array of rights afforded to victims by the normative framework. Chapter III embarks on a thorough analysis of the nature and the confines of the core right of victims to participate in the criminal justice process and the manifold issues ensuing from each of the prerequisites of article 68(3) of the Rome Statute. The intriguing phenomenon of duality of victim-witness status is contemplated in Chapter IV in light of the overarching principles and fundamental concepts in the realm of evidence law. The part played by victims in the evidentiary process on the merits of the criminal case, as well as in reparation proceedings is elucidated in Chapter V against the backdrop of the overall rationale of the ICC’s fact-finding mechanism, including the respective roles of the parties and of the Chamber. The thesis lends support to the conclusion that the standing and the part accorded to victims throughout the ICC’s process ensue from the purpose of their participation, as well as from the objective and subject matter of the proceedings at hand.
35
Hlophe, Stanley Siphiwe. "The adoption of an inquisitorial model of criminal procedure in court proceedings relating to children." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1570.
Full textAbstract:
In this project the adoption of an inquisitorial model of criminal procedure in court proceedings relating to children is discussed. The traditional characteristics of adversarial and inquisitorial models of criminal procedure, the two models in a South African perspective and problems with the adversarial model are highlighted. That it terrifies and silence young victim and witnesses from giving evidence. The inquisitorial elements present in South African criminal procedure such as in bail proceedings, plea proceedings, powers of the presiding officer to call, recall and examine witnesses, powers of the presiding officer to exclude inadmissible evidence, evidence on sentence, and investigation on unreasonable delay on trials are discussed. The international instruments pertaining to children in conflict with the law and child witnesses are examined, together with their impact in our laws relating to children. The constitutional implications to the rights of children are discussed. The historical background that culminated to the Child Justice Act is highlighted. The Child Justice Act with particular reference to the inquisitorial aspects present in this Act is discussed. The measures that aim to protect child witness present in the Criminal Procedure Act, Criminal law Sexual offences and Related Matters Amendment Act and Children’s Act are highlighted. The conclusion, on the analysis of protective measures protecting children, is that in South African law there is a renewed interest in inquisitorial procedures as an effective means of ensuring justice. The conclusion suggests that adversarial model of criminal procedure is not the best method for our legal system to deal with children.
36
Rodenbusch, Cornel-Peter. "The Wheel of Justice: Court Procedure, Conflict Resolution and Narratives in Medieval Catalonia (950-1130)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672407.
Full textAbstract:
This doctoral thesis presents an analysis of the judicial procedure in Catalonia between the years 950 and 1130.
Catalan Archives preserve an exceptional number of documents related to justice which thanks to recent and systematic publication are now available for extensive research. Its aim is to analyse the change of legal procedure of a society in the midst of the process of feudalisation. To do so the work introduces a new method of the visualisation that allows for a detailed analysis of legal conflicts: The Wheel of Justice. The main body of the thesis is divided into three chapters that follow the inherent chronological order of court cases: Preludes, Trial and Resolution.
In the first the work deals with dimensions - the place and the date as well as the necessary prearrangements for trials. The second part focuses on the trial itself: the composition of the tribunal and its attendees and the dynamics of the courts. This chapter pays special attention to judicial ordeals and duels in the practice of conflict resolution, as well as the abandonment of trials and their political, social and legal significance. Finally, the last chapter addresses new forms of resolution to highlight changes to the system.
The thesis aims to provide new insight into the continuities and transformations that took place in Catalonia during this period, and what role the courts and the administrators of justice played as well as how these processes were narrated.Aquesta tesi doctoral presenta una anàlisi del procediment judicial a Catalunya entre els anys 950 i 1130. Els arxius catalans conserven un nombre excepcional de documents relacionats amb la justícia que gràcies a la publicació recent i sistemàtica ja estan disponibles per a una extensa investigació. El seu objectiu és analitzar el canvi de procediment legal d’una societat en ple procés de feudalització. Per fer-ho, el treball introdueix un nou mètode de visualització que permet fer una anàlisi detallada dels conflictes legals: la roda de la justícia. El cos principal de la tesi es divideix en tres capítols que segueixen l’ordre cronològic inherent dels casos judicials: preludis, judici i resolució. A la primera part, l'obra tracta de les dimensions: el lloc i la data, així com els prolegòmens necessaris per a les proves. La segona part se centra en el judici en si mateix: la composició del tribunal i els seus assistents i la dinàmica dels tribunals. Aquest capítol presta especial atenció a les proves i als duels judicials en la pràctica de la resolució de conflictes, així com a l’abandonament dels processos i la seva importància política, social i jurídica. Finalment, l'últim capítol tracta de noves formes de resolució per ressaltar els canvis al sistema. La tesi pretén donar una nova visió de les continuïtats i transformacions que es van produir a Catalunya durant aquest període, quin paper van tenir els tribunals i els administradors de justícia, així com la manera com es van narrar aquests processos.
37
Lamprecht, Adriaan Matthys. "The use of closed-circuit television in South African criminal courts." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73091.
Full textAbstract:
In the last decade the use of closed-circuit television or similar electronic devices (CCTV) has started to play a significant role in courtrooms, both as a silent witness and as a device through which to receive testimony.
The benefits of optimising the use of CCTV for receiving testimony are numerous. This paper focusses on two, namely easier access to justice through criminal courts, and bridging the gap between the protective measures created by legislation with regard to vulnerable witnesses and the effective implementation of said measures.
The requirements for using CCTV to receive testimony, if interpreted in a reasonable way, does not limit the type of device or facility to be used. It merely stipulates that the facilities at a remote point be overseen by a designated official, and that the device to be used must allow all parties, both at the court point and at the remote point, to hear and see the other parties, and to be able to follow the proceedings.
In recent years technology has advanced to such an extent that audio-visual capable devices are readily available. It is proposed that if the above interpretation is followed, the facilities through which testimony can be given by means of CCTV need not be stationary, it can travel to where it is needed thereby making courts more accessible, and alleviating trauma with regards to vulnerable witnesses who can testify at a designated buildings and no longer needs to go to court, a place designed to be intimidating.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Procedural Law
LLM
Unrestricted
38
Darby, Nerys Elizabeth Charlotte. "The magistrate and the community : summary proceedings in rural England during the long eighteenth century." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2015. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/9720/.
Full textAbstract:
The study of how the law worked at a local level in rural communities, and in the role of the rural magistrate at summary level, has been the subject of relatively little attention by historians. More attention has been given to the higher courts, when the majority of plebeian men and women who experienced the law during the long eighteenth century would have done so at summary level. Although some work has been carried out on summary proceedings, this has also tended to focus either on metropolitan records, a small number of sources, or on a specific, limited, number of offences. There has not been a broader study of rural summary proceedings to look at how the role and function of the rural magistrate, how local communities used this level of the criminal justice system, as complainants, defendants and witnesses, and how they negotiated their place in their local community through their involvement with the local magistrate. The research presented here uses the surviving summary notebooks of 13 magistrates working across central and southern England as primary sources, taking both a quantitative and qualitative approach to examine how rural summary proceedings operated. It shows that there was wide participation in the summary process in rural England, and that rural magistrates had a more individualised approach to their summary work and decision-making than their London equivalents. It reveals how even the poorest members of rural societies were able to employ agency and display authority in their appearances before the magistrate, and demonstrates the extent to which the use of discretion, mediation and arbitration were key functions of the rural justice.
39
Doerner, Jill K. "Explaining the gender gap in sentencing outcomes an investigation of differential treatment in U.S. federal courts /." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1237482038.
Full text
40
Masri, David N. "A Correlational Analysis of Secondary Data for Factors Influencing Graduation from Adult Drug Court." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4456.
Full textAbstract:
The proliferation of drug courts throughout the world over the last two decades presents an opportunity and a challenge. The drug court approach involves a combination of treatment and judicial supervision which is a diversion from incarceration and/or ‘traditional’ criminal justice supervision. Despite widespread study of drug courts, there is much that researchers still do not know and there is still controversy as to how and why drug courts work. This research study is an examination of secondary data from an urban, mid-Atlantic drug court to attempt to correlate factors that contribute to success (as defined by graduation) in drug court. This study examines drug courts using Life Course Theory, Social Capital Theory and Recovery Capital Theory as a theoretical foundation for understanding the influences of drug courts on participants. Findings from the Discriminant Function Analysis employed in this study demonstrate low to moderate ability to predict drug court graduation and program attrition based on a combination of demographic information and drug court program requirements. Among the factors found to contribute to drug court success were participants having children, their employment status, 30-day abstinence, age, and race. Additional implications for social workers practicing in drug courts are discussed as well as suggestions for future research directions in the study of drug courts.
41
Pericone, Nicholas P. "The joinder of the issue and the modification of grounds in formal trials." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
42
Michell, Justin Walter. "A review of generalized linear models for count data with emphasis on current geospatial procedures." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019989.
Full textAbstract:
Analytical problems caused by over-fitting, confounding and non-independence in the data is a major challenge for variable selection. As more variables are tested against a certain data set, there is a greater risk that some will explain the data merely by chance, but will fail to explain new data. The main aim of this study is to employ a systematic and practicable variable selection process for the spatial analysis and mapping of historical malaria risk in Botswana using data collected from the MARA (Mapping Malaria Risk in Africa) project and environmental and climatic datasets from various sources. Details of how a spatial database is compiled for a statistical analysis to proceed is provided. The automation of the entire process is also explored. The final bayesian spatial model derived from the non-spatial variable selection procedure using Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation was fitted to the data. Winter temperature had the greatest effect of malaria prevalence in Botswana. Summer rainfall, maximum temperature of the warmest month, annual range of temperature, altitude and distance to closest water source were also significantly associated with malaria prevalence in the final spatial model after accounting for spatial correlation. Using this spatial model malaria prevalence at unobserved locations was predicted, producing a smooth risk map covering Botswana. The automation of both compiling the spatial database and the variable selection procedure proved challenging and could only be achieved in parts of the process. The non-spatial selection procedure proved practical and was able to identify stable explanatory variables and provide an objective means for selecting one variable over another, however ultimately it was not entirely successful due to the fact that a unique set of spatial variables could not be selected.
43
Johannesson, Livia. "In Courts We Trust : Administrative Justice in Swedish Migration Courts." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-138909.
Full textAbstract:
The research problem this dissertation addresses is how judicial practices generate administrative justice in asylum determination procedures. Previous research on immigration policies argues that when asylum determinations are processed in courts, principles of administrative justice are ensured and immigrants’ rights protected. In this dissertation, I challenge that argument by approaching administrative justice as an empirical phenomenon open for different types of interpretations. Instead of assuming that administrative justice characterizes courts, I assume that this concept acquires particular meanings through the practices of the courts. Empirically, this dissertation studies practices of assessing asylum claims at the Swedish migration courts. The migration courts are the result of a major reform of the Swedish asylum procedure that took place in 2006, with the motive to end inhumane rejections of asylum seekers by enhancing administrative justice in the asylum process. By interviewing and observing judges at the migration courts, litigators from the Migration Board and public counsels from different law firms, this interpretive and ethnographic study analyzes how administrative justice acquires meanings in the daily practices of assessing asylum claims at the migration courts. The main result is that a ceremonial version of administrative justice is generated at the migration courts. This version of administrative justice forefronts symbolic dimensions of justice. The asylum appeal procedure succeeds in communicating justice through rituals, building design and metaphors, which emphasize objectivity, impartiality and certainty on behalf of the judicial practices. However, these symbols of justice disguise several unfair aspects of the asylum appeal procedure, such as inequality in resources and trustworthiness between the state’s representative and the asylum applicants as well as the uncertainty inherent in both the factual and the credibility assessment of asylum claims. The implications of these findings are that immigration policy research needs to reconsider the relationship between the courts and immigrants’ rights by paying more attention to the everyday practices of ensuing administrative justice in courts than on the instances when courts oppose political attempts to restrict immigrants’ rights.
44
Krines, Mark A. "On the probabilistic modeling of consistency for iterated positional election procedures." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4668.
Full textAbstract:
A well-known fact about positional election procedures is that its ranking of m alternatives can change when some of the alternatives are removed from consideration—given a positional procedure on each of 2, 3, …, m alternatives and a collective preference order for each distinct subset of the m alternatives. Saari has established that with few exceptions, we can find a voter profile for which the collective preference order for each subset under the according positional procedure is the one given. However, Saari's results do not quantify the likelihood of finding such voter profiles. For small numbers of alternatives, William Gehrlein developed a statistical model to explore the probabilities that particular collective preference orders on subsets of alternatives can occur for large electorates. One goal of this research is to determine whether changes in the collective preference order as alternatives are removed can be considered to be the norm or an outlier for positional procedures.
This dissertation extends the research headed by Gehrlein in two directions. One, I generalize his statistical model to explore probabilities for iterated election procedures. Gehrlein's model previously produced results only for three alternatives and in limited cases for four alternatives. I have extended this model to produce results for up to five alternatives, including analysis of instant-runoff voting and runoff elections. Two, Gehrlein's model required specific conditions on the probability distribution of individual voter preferences across the population. I relax this assumption so that for any probability distribution of individual voter preferences across the population, I can explore the probability that a collective preference order is inconsistent with the outcomes when alternatives are removed. These results provide a foundation for discussing the impact of removing alternatives on elections across all large electorates. I also apply these results to two recent United States elections wherein a third-party candidate received a significant share of the votes: the 1992 U.S. Presidential election and the 1998 Minnesota Gubernatorial election. Overall, my research will suggest that as the number of alternatives increases, the likelihood of finding changes in the collective preference order as alternatives are removed will approach one.
45
Maclons, Whitney. "Mandatory court based mediation as an alternative dispute resolution process in the South African civil justice system." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4407.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Legum - LLMCivil litigation is the primary method of dispute resolution in the South African civil justice system. This process is characterised by a number of shortcomings which include the adversarial nature of the process which often creates further conflict between disputing parties and often results in permanently destroyed relationships between them. Further shortcomings include the highly complex, costly and time-consuming nature of civil litigation. These shortcomings infringe on the constitutional imperative of access to justice for South Africans, particularly for the indigent members of society. In addition, court rolls have become overburdened due to the rapidly increasing volume of litigation at court. This often results in extensive waiting periods before matters are heard at court and further infringes the attainment of access to justice. While progress has been made in enhancing the civil justice system over the years, the aforementioned shortcomings prevail. In recent years the South African government has introduced the concept of mandatory court based mediation to the civil justice system with the view of promoting access to justice and enhancing the civil justice system. In a nutshell, mandatory court based mediation refers a civil dispute to mediation once an appearance to defend is entered at court, in order to attempt the settlement of the matter. In the event of the dispute not being resolved, the matter is then referred back to the conventional litigation process for resolution. Mandatory court based mediation, while controversial and bearing valid criticism; aims to promote access to justice and reconciliation between aggrieved parties and remedies a number of the shortcomings currently plaguing the South African civil justice system. In answering the research question of whether this ADR process is suitable to implement in South Africa in order to remedy the shortcomings of its civil justice system, the following aspects are considered in this thesis: the benefits, advantages, and the constitutionality of mandatory court based mediation, as well as the criticisms and challenges of the process. South Africa may have an adversarial civil justice system, but is no stranger to the practice of mediation. Within South African civil law a number of fields have mentioned mediation as the preferred method of dispute resolution over years. These areas of law will be highlighted in this thesis. Internationally, the jurisdiction of the Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria will also be highlighted. This analysis is done in order to assess the implementation and function of a mediation system, as a preferred method of dispute resolution, across all areas of civil law within an adversarial civil justice system. The current civil justice system in South Africa needs to be remedied due to its negative impact on civil disputants and the nation of South Africa in a broader sense. This thesis does not suggest that mandatory court based mediation is a panacea for all ills plaguing the country’s civil justice system. However, this ADR process may suit South Africa and its implementation may make a considerable remedial contribution and possibly significantly enhance its civil justice system.
46
Durham, Helen. "Increasing the effectiveness of the International Criminal Court : the contribution of non-state actors /." Connect to thesis, 1999. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00001392.
Full text
47
Liang, Linxia. "Civil procedure in the Qing Magistrate's Court : illustrated with reference to land and debt disputes (1644-1911)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU150492.
Full textAbstract:
This study, drawing mainly on the Qing law and Baodi case records during nineteenth century, supplemented by reference to collections of magistrate's decisions and handbooks, aims to describe the civil procedure of the last dynasty of imperial China, the Qing in terms of the performance of the magistrate's court in solving land and debt cases. It argues that the establishment of the relevant laws on both procedural and substantive issues was systemized in the Qing logic in the sense that magistrates were enabled to solve land and debt disputes and petitioners were enabled to seek help from legal institutions. In some aspects, the law was either drafted too widely, such as in the case of physical injury, or too ideally, such as in the case of false accusation. As a result allegations of physical injury and untrue accusation were very often found in land and debt cases. As for solving land and debt cases, the magistrate in the first place followed the letter of the law when there was an applicable statutory provision. However, the magistrates' purpose in hearing a case was to distinguish right and wrong. (fenbian quzhi) and deliver justice (pingyun) to the parties; so the facts (qing) and the law (fa) were both completely considered (qing fa liang jin). When there was a gulf between the law and the case, which was sometimes unavoidable, the real meaning or principle of the law was applied. In this sense, the magistrate enjoyed a large discretion by taking into account the specific circumstances before making a decision (zhun qing zhuo li). Zhun qing zhuo li expresses a principle governing the application of the law. It is not a flexible tool allowing the magistrate to decide as he wished. In most circumstances the letter of the law was not lacking. Decisions turning on zhun qing zhuo li were very rare. In any event several limitations were established on the magistrates' discretion.
48
Alshatti, Norah. "La motivation des décisions judiciaires civiles et la Cour de cassation : étude de droit comparé franco-koweïtien." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAA005/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette étude comparative entre les systèmes français et koweïtien, est d’une potentielle grande richesse, tant du point de vue de la recherche juridique, que de celui de la pratique professionnelle. D’autant plus qu’en France, la motivation des décisions judiciaires et en particulier, des arrêts de la Cour de cassation est une obligation essentielle et le contrôle de la motivation, une mission première pour garantir le droit à un procès équitable. Actuellement la motivation des arrêts de la Cour de cassation est l’objet d’un projet de réforme dans le cadre plus général de celui de la Cour de cassation. Ce projet est suivi avec intérêt au Koweït, pays très influencé par la procédure civile française sous le contrôle d’une juridiction supranationale. Il n’y a de douter que le Koweït inclura dans sa trajectoire juridictionnelle tout progrès issu de la réforme en coursThis study that compares the French legal system and the Kuwaiti legal system is a valuable study with multiple aspects to its legal research and professional applications. For France, the rulings of its "Court" and overseers is necessary for a just trial. Now, they both are a study subject for a project to alter the role of the “Court” in a general way. This project is of utmost importance to the Kuwaiti judicial system as it affected by its history with the French civil law. In addition, it is important as well for the respected and known place as the highest court in the judicial system. (Compared with the European court for human rights). It is without a doubt that Kuwait will take it into consideration these positive changes for the role of the "Court"
49
Gatta, Andrea. "Towards the Harmonisation of Civil Procedure: Translation in Italian Civil Court Proceedings and the Role of Multilingual Document Templates." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17167/.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past few decades, globalisation, international trade, cross-border investments, travel, and economic and personal relationships between citizens of different countries have had a profound impact on law. An increase in international relationships is inevitably followed by a growth in international and cross-border litigation. Therefore, several initiatives have been launched with the aim of unifying, harmonising, and internationalising civil procedure. Today, the international harmonisation of civil procedure is mainly achieved through soft law instruments, such as the numerous Hague Conventions dedicated to this legal field and the ALI/UNIDROIT Principles of Transnational Civil Procedure. Moreover, in the European Union, harmonisation of civil procedure has reached even more advanced levels across member states.
Any party who becomes involved in an international or cross-border dispute naturally needs to understand what is happening around them. Hence, translation is attributed a major role in international civil procedure. This paper will look at translation in civil proceedings, with particular regard to international and transnational disputes which fall under the Italian jurisdiction¬. Its purpose is twofold: 1) the first aim is to propose a potential resource which could facilitate translation in Italian civil proceedings, i.e. multilingual civil court document templates; 2) the second aim is to raise awareness on the importance of translation in international and cross-border disputes and highlight the peculiarities which characterise this particular type of translation and differentiate it from other areas of both general and legal translation.
Chapter 1 offers an overview of Italian civil proceedings. Chapter 2 is dedicated to legal translation. Chapter 3 focuses on Italian civil court documents and the use of templates in Italian proceedings. Finally, Chapter 4 presents the German and English translations of six Italian sample templates.
50
Gardiner, Susan. "A comparative study of conciliation and mediation in the settlement of financial matters within the family court of Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1993.
Find full textAbstract:
Cicero asserted in De Legibus some two thousand years ago that the good of the people should be the chieflaw. The people's own view of what is good for them has not always figured in the dispute resolution process designed for their benefit. The inherited English system of litigation offered to Australian colonists in the nineteenth
century had already attracted universal condemnation from commentators such as Tennyson who spoke of the "brawling courts and dusty purlieus of the law". The history of the settlement of financial disputes under Australian family law has primarily been the history of litigation in its dominant role as a dispute resolution process and traditionally there have been few formal opportunities created and sponsored by the Courts themselves for litigants or other disputing couples to try to
negotiate a settlement of their dispute on their own terms and to their satisfaction.
The passing of the Family Law Act in 1975 and the creation of the Family Court of Australia represented a new legislative vision for a Court dealing with human
relationships. It was radical because it proposed facilitation of processes within which people could reach solutions compatible with their dignity, with limited judicial intervention, by the parties by themselves and to their satisfaction. Within the litigation process for financial matters developed a negotiation phase centred around a compulsory conference with a Registrar of the Court. This conference, originally called a Regulation 96 conference, then an Order 24 conference and now a
"conciliation" conference is a "home grown" negotiation opportunity for parties which was developed by the Court to cater for the demands of the litigation process in which
it is embedded. Until 1991, it was the only opportunity sponsored by the Court apart from general therapeutic counselling. During the 1980's identifiable opportunities existed to expand this single and limited conference opportunity out of the litigation dominance and into a separate dispute resolution process. These were not taken up by the Family Court and litigation remained the dominant dispute resolution process until the introduction of mediation on a trial basis in 1991 as a second dispute resolution process resulting from a political initiative of the then Hawke Labor Government. Mediation can be seen as a method of "empowering" couples to avoid expensive litigation and to take control of their own
disputes, within the original vision for the Court.
This thesis charts the development of "conciliation" and mediation of financial disputes under the Family Law Act and compares and contrasts these conflict resolution
methods using criteria from two viewpoints. The first two criteria view each method of solving disputes from the perspective of the client. These two criteria are
satisfaction with the process and with the outcome of the process. The third criterion views each method from the perspective of the Family Court as the provider of the
process and evaluates both mediation and the "conciliation" conference using overall settlement rates. The comparison of mediation and conciliation presented some difficulties. Although mediation has been extensively evaluated by the Court, the "conciliation" conference forming part of litigation has had no similar evaluation by the Court except a general recording of settlement statistics.
While both mediation and "conciliation" conferences are found to be forms of guided negotiation, this similarity is of a general nature only and the thesis identifies
countervailing contrasts at this general level, particularly in the role of the third party neutral. Under specific Family Law practice there are further areas of difference but several areas in which no comparison can be made. This is because, in the case of "conciliation" conferences, either no data exists because there has been no systematic evaluation by the Family Court or, where data does exist, the differences in the size and composition of the pools to be compared is so great as to make any meaningful comparison impossible. This re-inforces the dominance of litigation in the outlook of the Court itself because of the continued acceptance of conciliation within litigation without evaluation and the difficulties this outlook creates for the willing introduction of other alternative dispute resolution processes into the Court structure. Future desirable directions for these and other forms of dispute resolution processes within the Court structure are examined and the thesis identifies the immediate period as the next opportunity for the Family Court to change the traditional litigation outlook of the Court to encompass other forms of dispute resolution, including the expansion of conciliation into a separate conflict resolution process offered by the
Court to facilitate settlement by the parties to their satisfaction. It remains speculative whether the Court has the capacity and will to initiate the necessary steps towards desirable change or whether political direction will be necessary to permit fulfilment of the vision within two decades of its original expression.