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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Courtship in animals'
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1
Dingmann, Brian Joseph. "Studies of a mate recognition gene and its product from the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25371.
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Ophir, Alexander G. Galef Bennett G. "Mate assessment and non-independent mate choice by female Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) /." *McMaster only, 2003.
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Persaud, Kamini N. Galef Bennett G. "Male sexual coercion, female mate choice and control of fertilization in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) /." *McMaster only, 2005.
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Eckerle, Kevin P. Thompson Charles F. "An experimental analysis of the mating preferences of female house wrens (Troglodytes aedon)." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3064491.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2001.Title from title page screen, viewed March 28, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Charles F. Thompson (chair), Steven A. Juliano, Sabine S. Loew, Angelo P. Capparella, William L. Perry. Includes bibliographical references and abstract. Also available in print.
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Narvaes, Patrícia. "Comportamento territorial e reprodutivo de uma nova espécie de Hylodes (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae) da Mata Atlântica do sudeste do Brasil." Connect to this title online, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-22032004-102927/.
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Bowman, Reed. "Mate replacement in wild American kestrels." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63131.
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Duncan, James R. "The influence of relatedness, weight, and age on the mate choice of captive female American kestrels /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63170.
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Eimes, John A. "[Extra-pair fertilization, mate choice and genetic similarity in the Mexican jay (Aphelocoma ultramarina)]." Diss., St. Louis, Mo. : University of Missouri--St. Louis, 2004. http://etd.umsl.edu/r661.
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Wedell, Nina. "Evolution of nuptial gifts in bushcrickets." Stockholm : Dept. of Zoology, University of Stockholm, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/28206160.html.
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Allison, Brianna. "Determining how courtship vibrations are produced an analysis of the musculature of the treehopper Umbonia crassicornis /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Jennions, Michael D. "Signalling and sexual selection in animals and plants." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670250.
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Lozano, George A. "Parental care and female mate choice in yellow warblers (Dendroica petechia)." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40389.
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In this thesis my initial goal was to use yellow warblers to examine the effect of paternal care on female mate choice. I first examined whether mate choice based on paternal care could be considered adaptive. Paternal care was variable among males and important to female fitness, but, contrary to a previous report, male chest striping could not be used to predict paternal care. Females did not compensate for reductions of male parental care, which resulted in significantly reduced nestling growth. In chapter two I tested the idea that monogamy in birds is maintained because of the need for biparental care. I reduced the need of strict biparental care by providing pairs at some nests with supplemental food, and found that the main effect of supplemental food was on maternal, not paternal behaviour. The first two chapters suggest that males and females provide for their brood independently from each other, which is in disagreement with current models on the maintenance of biparental care. These models assume that any given factor must affect maternal and paternal care equally for biparental care to be maintained. In Chapter three I showed that the effects of brood size and nestling age on parental care are similar for both sexes. In Chapter four I deal with age-related changes in reproductive success and the possible effects on female mate choice. Age affected the likelihood of breeding in females, but only the time of breeding in males. These changes were accompanied by age-related increases in size in both sexes. These results raise the possibility of age-related increases in parental ability, and female preference for older males.
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Durães, Renata. "Spatial and temporal dynamics of lekking behavior and female choice in the blue-crowned manakin (Lepidothrix coronata, AVES: Pipridae)." Diss., St. Louis, Mo. : University of Missouri--St. Louis, 2008. http://etd.umsl.edu/r3001.
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Phillips, Catherine T. Johnston Carol Eileen. "Evolution of signal divergence and behavior in Cyprinella galactura, the whitetail shiner." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Dissertations/PHILLIPS_CATHERINE_27.pdf.
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Ting, Joy Holtvluwer. "Molecular ecology of mate recognition in the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus : antibody production, protein purification, and fitness consequences." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25202.
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Welch, Allison M. "Call duration as an indicator of heritable genetic quality in gray tree frogs /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974701.
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Miller, Brenda Marie. "Male choice and sexual selection in precopulatory mate-guarding marine Gammarus species (Crustacea: Amphipoda) found on the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0002/MQ42415.pdf.
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Rideout, Elizabeth Jane. "Investigating the neurobiological basis underlying the sex-specific production of courtship song in Drosophila the roles of sex determination genes fruitless and doublesex /." Thesis, Thesis restricted. Connect to e-thesis record to view abstract, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/66/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2008.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Steffen, John Edward Hill Geoffrey E. "Carotenoid-based dewlap color as a visual signal in social communication of brown anoles (Norops sagrei)." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1330.
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De, Luca Paul Anthony. "Age effects on reproductive behavior in the treehopper umbonia crassiscornis (Hemipera: membracidae)." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4867.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on January 31, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Bargelletti, Olivia. "Mate preference in female weakly electric fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100762.
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This study explores the morphology and electrical behavior of breeding weakly electric fish. Wave-type electric fish communicate by means of a continuous oscillatory electric signal produced by an electric organ. The electric organ discharges at frequencies which are sexually dimorphic in many species of electric fish. This dimorphism is thought to be attributed to female mate choice, although to date, there is no evidence for mate choice or intrasexual competition to have driven the evolution of this signaling dimorphism in wave-type electric fish. Here, I have tracked changes in body shape and electric organ discharge (EOD) frequency of A. leptorhynchus throughout a breeding conditioning period. I find that only females alter the shape of their bodies, presumably to account for increasing egg mass, during the breeding conditioning period. Throughout this period, both females and males do not alter their EOD frequencies significantly. Gravid females were used in an unforced preference test, where they were presented with two live, male A. leptorhynchus. Female preference was indicated by a passage of the female into one of the two male compartments. I find that females show a preference for higher EOD frequency males, while no preference is shown for longer, heavier or larger-amplitude males. Further investigations are needed to dissociate the role of EOD frequency from potentially correlated male traits, such as rate and type of modulations of EOD frequency. The finding of this study that female A. leptorhynchus prefer males of higher EOD frequency establishes wave-type weakly electric fish as a promising model system for the study of the evolution and the sensory mechanisms of female choice.
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Franklin, Amanda Kay Barrett Bruce A. "The sublethal effects of methoxyfenozide on the field orientation and courtship behavior of Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: tortricidae)." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5716.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on September 22, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Bruce Barrett. Includes bibliographical references.
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Talwar, Malvika. "Evolution of signal frequency in Neoconocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) a study of perceptual and environmental sources of selection /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5972.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 18, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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MCDONALD, DAVID BARTELLE. "MALE-MALE COOPERATION IN A NEOTROPICAL LEKKING BIRD (COSTA RICA)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184173.
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Long-tailed Manakins Chiroxiphia linearis are frugivorous birds with a lek mating system and male-male cooperation in courtship display. I studied male-male networks and correlates of male mating success in a color-banded population in Monteverde, Costa Rica, from 1981 to 1986. Males were organized in teams at scattered perch-zones (75 to 300 m apart) that were usually in aural but not visual contact. Each team consisted of 3 to 15 males (x=7.1±3.4), in an apparent linear dominance hierarchy, with an alpha and beta male who did most of the courtship display. In a study population with 50 to 60 active males per season, only 6 to 8 males were alphas. Only betas inherited alpha status (n=3). Males appear to be 8 or more years of age before attaining beta status. Alpha tenure can last 4 years. Alpha males were rarely or never seen in zones other than their 'home' zone. Lower-ranking males maintained simultaneous affiliations with males at as many as 6 different zones. Each zone, therefore, was a sort of hub at which males with different affiliations around the rim came into contact. Each of the 6 major perch-zones shared at least one constituent with each of the other zones. The mean number of males shared by zones was 3.9 ± 2.7 (range=1 to 9). Marked changes occurred in male traits with increasing age and status. These included (1) Significant declines in weight throughout the lifespan, (2) a 4-year delay in plumage maturation with well-defined stages, (3) reduction in the number of zones with which males maintained affiliations, and (4) increasing probability of copulatory success (restricted to a small subset of the oldest males, ≥ 10 years of age). Variance in copulatory success was the highest yet described for birds. Of 85 males monitored between 1983 and 1986, copulations (n=121) were distributed among only 8 males. Four of these males accounted for over 90% of the copulations, with 63% accruing to one male. The beta male of this alpha copulated twice in the absence of his partner; all the other copulaters were alphas. I examined correlates of male mating success. Female visitation correlated with the number of unison 'toledo' calls given. If a female visited, copulatory success correlated both with a residual effect of the 'toledo' output and with the duration of the 'butterfly' component of the dual-male dance performance. My correlational results suggest that females do choose, on the basis of performance cues, among the small subset of males that are well-established alpha and beta partners. Development of alliances, as much as male combat, may determine attainment of high-performance partner status. Thus, sequential male-male interactions and female choice appear to produce nested subsets of successful males leading to an extreme in variance in male mating success. Males unsuccessful in male-male interactions are not 'eligible' for female choice. By requiring partnered display, females may be implicitly narrowing the subset of potentially successful males. In other lek systems the union, rather than the intersection, of the subsets produced by intra- and intersexual selection may include successful males. In that case, intrasexual selection via disruption of copulations may enlarge the pool of potentially successful males under intersexual selection and produce lower variances in male mating success. Students of sexual selection may need to consider the extent to which intra- and intersexual selection interact as union or intersecting sets to produce variance in male mating success.
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Ehman, Kimberly Diane. "Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematoda) infection, dominance and the major histocompatibility complex as factors influencing chemical communication and mate choice in mice." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82864.
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Both major histocompatibility genes (MHC) and infection have been shown to influence urinary odours in mice, and mice may use MHC-associated odours to detect kin for the purpose of choosing communal nesting partners, or to avoid mating with close relatives. Additionally, mice may use infection-related odours to avoid mating with sick individuals or those genetically susceptible to infection. I tested the above theories using urine as the source of odour. In a series of odour preference experiments, employing two MHC-congenic strains of mice (B10 and B10.Q), I tested the proposition that females prefer MHC-similar female odours when choosing female relatives as nesting partners, and that females prefer MHC-disparate male odours for the purpose of disassoratative mating. I found that females did not display a preference for MHC-similar female odours or MHC-disparate male odours. However, when B10.Q male urine donors were infected with 100 L3 larvae of Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematoda), both strains of female displayed a significant preference for the odours of uninfected B10 males. To determine whether female odour preference for uninfected males extended to actual mate choice, I subsequently examined female mate choice in a controlled setting. Using CD-1 outbred mice, I found that females preferred to mate with uninfected males over males subclinically infected with 200 L3 of H. polygyrus , as evidenced by first ejaculation preferences. In this experiment, males were tethered, and as such, male dominance interactions were prevented. Thus, in the final experiment, to assess whether male dominance interactions influenced female mate choice, in addition to infection, I tested female mate choice in a seminatural setting, which allowed for social interactions to occur. In this study, paternity was ascertained through DNA analysis and the resulting data indicated that neither male dominance status nor infection had a substantial impact on femaOverall, the data do not support the theory that MHC-based preferences occur through urinary odours. However, the results do substantiate previous findings regarding female preferences for the odours of uninfected males. Furthermore, data from the controlled mate choice assay indicate that female odour preference for uninfected males extends to actual mate choice. Conversely, in the seminatural setting neither dominance nor infection prevailed as factors driving female mate choice. I suggest that this may be a consequence of the structural complexity of my arenas.
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Buzatto, Bruno Alves. "Biologia reprodutiva do opilião Acutisoma proximum (Arachnida: Opiliones) : estrategias alternativas de acasalamento em machos e cuidado parental em femeas." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316364.
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Orientador: Glauco MachadoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A presente dissertação investigou a biologia reprodutiva do opilião Acutisoma proximum no Parque Estadual Intervales, sul do estado de São Paulo. No Capítulo 1, o sistema de acasalamento da espécie é descrito em detalhes. Fêmeas depositam seus ovos sob folhas na vegetação que margeia riachos de interior de mata e utilizam preferencialmente determinadas espécies de plantas como sítio de oviposição. No começo da estação reprodutiva, machos lutam entre si pela posse de territórios na vegetação onde fêmeas se reproduzirão. Alguns meses mais tarde, na mesma estação reprodutiva, essa poliginia por defesa qe recursos muda para uma poliginia por defesa de fêmeas, e machos passam a guardar cada fêmea individualmente em seqüência. O opilião A. proximum é o primeiro aracnídeo não-acarino que apresenta uma mudança em seu sistema de acasalamento ao longo da estação reprodutiva. No Capítulo 2, são descritas duas estratégias alternativas de acasalamento entre os machos de A. proximum, e a morfologia.e o comportamento dos machos que adotam cada estratégia é investigado. Os machos de A. proximum se dividem em dois morfos distintos, de acordo com a relação alométrica do comprimento da perna lI, que é também mais longa nos machos do que nas fêmeas. A diferença na morfologia dos dois morfos só é detectável quando muitos machos são medidos e a relação entre o comprimento do segundo par de pernas e o tamanho do corpo são analisados, o que se encaixa na definição de dimorfismo intra-sexual críptico. Machos com pernas II longas defendem territórios na vegetação, brigando e repelindo outros machos que se aproximam das fêmeas dentro desses territórios. Machos com pernas II curtas nunca defendem territórios ou brigam. Eles se deslocam entre os territórios dos machos grandes, invadindo-os e copulando com as fêmeas que estão dentro deles. Este trabalho é o primeiro a descrever, com dados comportamentais e morfológicos, a existência de estratégias alternativas de acasalamento na ordem Opiliones. No Capítulo 3, o enfoque passa a ser as fêmeas e os custos e benefícios do cuidado maternal em A. proximum. Em um experimento de remoção de fêmeas guardiãs, os ovos desprotegidos sobreviveram 75,6% menos que os ovos protegidos pelas fêmeas, revelando a importância da proteção materna. Em outro experimento, as desovas de metade das fêmeas foram removidas e o sucesso reprodutivo delas foi monitorado por dois anos. Fêmeas impedidas de cuidar da prole produziram novas desovas mais frequentemente e tiveram um sucesso reprodutivo 18 % maior que o das fêmeas que cuidaram da prole. Adicionalmente, o estudo de captura-marcação-recaptura não demonstrou nenhuma diferença entre a sobrevivência de fêmeas que foram impedidas de cuidar da prole e fêmeas que cuidaram da prole. Pesando os custos e benefícios do comportamento de guarda de ovos, uma estratégia de abandono da prole implicaria em uma redução média de 73,3% no sucesso reprodutivo total das fêmeas. Apesar dos custos da guarda de ovos para a fecundidade das fêmeas, o cuidado maternal aumenta o seu sucesso reprodutivo devido à crucial proteção aos ovos fornecida pelas fêmeas
Abstract: Not informed.
Mestrado
Ecologia
Mestre em Ecologia
27
Walton, Hilary Catherine. "Sexual selection in the Gray Tree Frog, Hyla versicolor: an integrated view of male-male competition and female choice in the field." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1133298654.
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Chan, Tin-Yam. "The role of male competition and female choice in the mating success of a Lek-breeding Southern African Cichlid fish Pseudocrenilabrus Philander (Pisces: Cichlidae)." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002049.
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A lek-breeding cichlid fish Pseudocrenilabrus philander was studied experimentally. Females in choice-chamber experiments showed no active choice for male size and colour, or for other male attributes, but preferred males which courted most actively. In a laboratory lek, the significant determinants of the strongly skewed mating success in males were territory size, side-shake and female chasing frequency. Together these three variables explained 79% of the variation in male mating success, with territory size alone accounting for 75% of the variation and the other two variables each accounting for 2% of the remaining variation. As there was no difference in territory quality in the laboratory lek, territory size became the principal measure of the effect of male-male competition since it was directly related to dominance. Both side-shake and female chasing could be identified as the basic factors influencing female choice, as they had an immediate effect on the display-response mating system of females. Thus, the relative importance of these three variables indicated that sexual selection in this particular lek mating species operated chiefly through the agency of intrasexual competition for dominance. However, both female behaviour and their requirement for a prolonged pre-spawning courtship had the effect of promoting male rivalry and favouring mating with dominant males. Although the intense male competition excluded subordinate males from practising normal courtship behaviour, competitively inferior males might "make the best of a bad situation" by facultatively adopting an alternative sneaking tactic to gain access to females. Spawning intrusions by females to steal freshly-laid eggs also occurred frequently. However, territorial males appeared to be relatively more tolerant of female intruders than male sneakers. Interference during spawning could lead to a longer pre-spawning courtship and even multiple-mating by females. The results of the present study and the behavioural evidence shown by males and females did not support the ʺrunaway selection modelʺ of the mating pattern in terms of sexual selection in leks, but conformed to the rival ʺwar propaganda modelʺ
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McMillan, Michael. "Male mate preference in the eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki)." View electronic thesis, 2008. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2008-1/mcmillanm/michaelmcmillan.pdf.
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Veit, Allison C. "Tail streamer function and sexual selection in the red-tailed tropicbird /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2003. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,155455.
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Magyara, Nora, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Multiple mating and female choice in Richardson's ground squirrels (Urocitellus Richardsonii)." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2009, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/1258.
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I studied the mating behaviour of Richardson’s ground squirrels (Urocitellus richardsonii) in 2007 and 2008, near Picture Butte, AB, Canada with the goals of evaluating multiple paternities within litters, sperm competition, and female mate choice. Eleven microsatellites and use of behavioural data to eliminate males who could not be putative sires based on their spatial and temporal remoteness from estrous females enabled exclusive assignment of paternity to 82.8% of 598 offspring with known maternity. The frequency of multiple paternities (26.4%, n=87 litters) in my population was lower than that reported for Richardson’s ground squirrels in a Manitoba population (80.0%, n=15 litters). Sperm competition was absent except in litters weaned by those females that mated again within 5 minutes of the first copulation, in which case sperm displacement was evident. Female choice was observed through avoidance of copulation, termination of copulation, and hide-then-run behaviour.x, 98 leaves ;|c29 cm. --
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Bonato, Maud. "Mate choice and immunocompetence in ostriches (Struthio camelus)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1257.
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Thesis (PhD (Botany and Zoology))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009.Females of many bird species prefer to mate with males exhibiting elaborate ornamentation, which serves as an indicator of male quality. Such ornaments, called secondary sexual traits, could act as signals to females that males could confer direct and/or indirect genetic benefits (when offspring inherit superior genes), on offspring. In particular, it has been suggested that these signals relate to male ability to resist infections, as only high quality individuals are able to invest both in high immune defence and elaborate ornament expression. The ostrich (Struthio camelus) is the largest living bird and is a member of the family of flightless birds, the ratites. They are sexually dimorphic, males displaying black plumage, and a pink-coloured neck and bill; whereas females display dull-brown plumage (both sexes have white feathers). Little is known about the mating system of ostriches: they are promiscuous and in the wild, males and females have multiple partners. The communal nesting system of ostriches is unique in that only the major female and major male provide parental care, in the form of incubation and guarding the offspring until independence. Furthermore, a remarkable feature of cohorts is that offspring may differ greatly in size, and these size differences are likely to have a genetic basis arising from differing parental genotypic differences. As a trade-off between immune response and life-history traits has been documented in various bird species, I examined the relationships between male secondary sexual traits (and specifically colouration) and maternal investment; levels of immunocompetence in both parents and chicks; and chick growth. This study showed that females invest more at the egg stage in response to traits involved in the male courtship display: the colour of the neck, white and black body feathers, and the brightness of black feathers. As these traits, which are exposed during the courtship display as well as during male-male interactions, were related to male immune responses, I suggest that only high quality males will be able to display their condition optimally. Chicks with higher growth rates were found to have intermediate responses to stimulation of their humoral immune system with diphtheria and tetanus vaccines, suggesting that not only fitness benefits, but also costs are associated with mounting an immune response; and that variation in humoral responses and growth rates relates to how individuals trade off these costs and benefits. In addition, chick humoral responses were found to be related to the humoral response of both parents, but through different antibody responses (maternal responses to tetanus and paternal responses to diphtheria), suggesting that this component of the immune system is heritable. As the colouration of white feathers predicted chick growth rates, as well as a male’s ability to raise an antibody response, I suggest that this visual cue could serve as a signal to females of male humoral immunocompetence, therefore forming the basis of mate choice whereby females could increase the fitness of their offspring through higher growth rates.
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Martin, Meghan S. "The Role of Mate Preference and Personality on Reproductive Performance in an Ex-Situ Conservation Breeding Program for the Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2096.
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Successful captive-breeding and re-introduction programs must have the ability to breed a surplus of genetically suitable animals for release into the wild. Unfortunately, many individuals in captive breeding programs often do not reproduce even when they are apparently healthy and presented with genetically appropriate mates. Mate choice can affect multiple parameters of reproductive sperformance, including mating success, offspring production, survival, and fecundity. We investigated the role of mate preference and personality on the reproductive performance of male and female giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) as measured by intromission success and litter production. We conducted these studies on giant pandas at the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda (Bifengxia, Sichuan, China.) from February-May 2011, 2012, and 2013.
In Chapter 2, we compared reproductive performance between individuals mated with preferred and nonpreferred males of the focal female (female preference), the focal male (male preference), and mutual mate choice perspective. There were four types of reproductive pairings in our mutual mate choice analyses: females and males that preferred each other (P-P), females that preferred the male but the male did not prefer the female (P-NP), females that did not prefer the male but the male preferred the female (NP-P), and females and males that did not prefer each other (NP-NP). Pairing giant pandas with a preferred partner increased the probability of intromission success and producing a cub. Of the 25 females mated to a preferred partner, 72% had successful intromission, 64% produced cubs, and 52% reared their own cubs versus 31%, 12%, 12% for females mated to their nonpreferred partner (N = 16). Male giant panda mate preference showed similar results. Of the 24 males that were mated with their preferred females, 75% had successful intromission, 77.8% produced cubs, and 92.9% produced cubs that were maternally reared versus 31%, 60%, 66.7% for males mated with their nonpreferred females (N = 16). There was a statistically significant difference in intromission success and cub production for P-P pairings versus NP-NP pairings. Of the twelve P-P mate dyads 83% had successful intromission, 90% produced cubs, and 88.9% had mothers rear their cubs. Of the four P-NP mate dyads 50% had successful intromission, 50% produced cubs, and 100% had the mother rear their cub. Of the seven NP-P mate dyads 57% had successful intromission, 50% produced cubs, and 100% had the mothers rear their cubs. Of the three NP-NP mate dyads 0% had successful intromission resulting in 0% producing cubs and having mother-rear cubs. In addition, we took into account various life and breeding history factors that may have affected reproductive performance such as birth location, rearing, previous sexual history with the opposite sex and familiarity status directly prior to breeding. Mate pairings that were familiar with each other as measured by successfully producing a cub in the past, had increased intromission success. Females mated to heavier males had more intromissions and produced more cubs than females mated to smaller males.
In Chapter 3 and 4, we investigated the effect of personality on reproductive performance measurements. Recently, personality of individual animals has been implicated in the failure or success of captive management and breeding of threatened and endangered species. Measurements of personality included novel object tests (where behaviors of individual giant pandas were scored toward a novel object for one hour) and keeper surveys (where the primary keeper rated giant pandas on 23 adjectives describing personality); both measures significantly correlated with variation in long-term and specific mating dyad reproductive performance.
In Chapter 3 we evaluated the effect of personality on long-term reproductive performance. Our results show that for both male and female giant pandas, `fearful' individuals had lower natural mating success and cub production. In addition, `aggressive' female giant pandas had increased natural mating success but decreased cub production. Males did not show these relationships between `aggressive' personality types and reproductive performance. Female giant pandas that were labeled as `aggressive' had higher frequencies of positive mating behaviors but `fearful of conspecifics' females had lower frequencies. Males labeled `fearful of conspecifics' and with high `playful-clever' component scores had a lower frequency of positive mating behaviors.
In Chapter 4 we further investigated the effects of personality within a specific mating dyad. Recent studies suggest that mate compatibility within personality types can improve reproductive performance measurements such as mating success, offspring survivorship, and offspring quality. We investigated the effect of personality compatibility on reproductive performance through analyzing mate dyad similarity in personality (similar versus dissimilar), specific personality combinations, and relative personality scores (male scores higher or lower than female scores). The specific personality combinations were: females and males that were both low on the personality component (L_L), females were low but males were high (L_H), females were high but males were low (H_L), and females and males were both high (H_H). Our results suggest that giant pandas appear to be assortatively mating based on aggressive, fearful, and stereotypical-excitable personality traits. Mate dyads that were dissimilar on the stereotypical-excitable component score were more likely to have successful intromission than pairs that were similar. L_H mate dyads on the aggressive and stereotypical-excitable personality traits had increased intromission success and cub production than all other possible personality combinations. L_L on fearfulness had higher intromission success but not higher cub production than all other possible personality combinations. Mate dyads composed of males ranked high on the aggressive component relative to the female resulted in higher reproductive performance and cub production.
In captive breeding programs, mates are traditionally selected solely on the basis of genetic parameters to minimize loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding coefficients. Our results suggest that integrating genetic with behavioral measures of preference, breeding history factors, and personality would increase the reproductive output of the giant panda captive-breeding program. We stress the importance of considering husbandry practices to accommodate personality traits and ultimately increase reproductive performance in the captive population while simultaneously maintaining both genetic and behavioral diversity.
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Tudor, M. Scarlett. "Mechanisms that drive variation in female mating preferences in Xiphophorus malinche." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1187025167.
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Parker, Darren J. "The evolution of behaviour : a genetic approach." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6744.
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In this thesis I investigated the genetic basis of several behaviours to answer questions surrounding the evolution and mechanistic basis of behaviour. Firstly, I took a single-gene approach to investigate the influence of fruitless (fru) on the courtship behaviour of Drosophila. fru is an alternatively-spliced transcription factor that is necessary for the production of male sexual behaviours, and has also been implicated in producing species-specific differences in courtship song. I investigated the patterns of selection acting on fru at the sequence level and found that positive selection was restricted to the alternatively spliced exons of fru. From this I hypothesised that the positively selected changes in fru would contribute to species-specific differences in courtship song. To test this I examined how isoform-specific fru loss-of-function mutants influence courtship song, and generated “species-swapped” flies whereby regions of fru that showed evidence for positive selection were transferred from four species of Drosophila, into D. melanogaster. Contrary to prediction, I found flies that lacked isoforms containing positively selected regions did not show any differences in courtship song. Unfortunately “species-swapped” flies were not generated in time to examine phenotypes and neuroanatomy as intended. Next, I examined the genetic basis of cold acclimation in two species of Drosophila using a transcriptomic approach. I found that the genes differentially expressed in response to cold acclimation were largely different in each of the species; however, the biological processes they were involved in were broadly similar. Finally, I investigated the transcriptomic changes associated with parental care in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides to determine if males and females alter the genes they express when parenting alone versus with a partner. I found that males greatly reduced their transcriptional response when parenting with a partner, suggesting they reduce the care they provide when present with a female.
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Sievers, Caya. "Enemy within the gates : reasons for the invasive success of a guppy population (Poecilia reticulata) in Trinidad." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1865.
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The invasion of individuals into new habitats can pose a major threat to native species and to biodiversity itself. However, the consequences of invasions for native populations that are not fully reproductively isolated from their invaders are not yet well explored. Here I chose the Trinidadian guppy, Poecilia reticulata, to investigate how different population traits shaped the outcome of Haskins's introduction, a well-documented invasion of Guanapo river guppies into the Turure river. I especially concentrated on the importance of behaviour for invasive success. I investigated if the spread of Guanapo guppies is due to superiority in behaviour, life-history and/or genetics, or if the outcome of this translocation is due to chance. Despite the fact that by today the invasive front has passed the Turure's confluence with the River Quare many kilometres downstream of the introduction site, and the original genotype only survives in small percentages, as was revealed by genetic analysis in this and other studies, no obvious differences between invasive and native populations could be detected in any of the tested behavioural, life-history and genetic traits. When tested for mate choice, neither Guanapo nor Oropuche (Turure) males seemed to be able to distinguish between the population origin of females, but courted and mated at random. At the same time, females did not prefer to school with individuals of the same population over schooling with more distantly related females. The formation of mixed schools after an invasive event is therefore likely. Because female guppies showed a very low willingness to mate, even after having been separated from males for up to six months, sperm transfer through forced copulations will become more important. Taken together, these behaviours could increase the speed of population mixing after an invasion without the need for behavioural superiority of the invasive population. When tested for their schooling abilities, offspring of mixed parentage, in contrast to pure breds, displayed a large amount of variety in the time they spent schooling, a circumstance that can potentially influence survival rates and therefore the direction of gene pool mixing. Guanapo fish did not show reproductive superiority in a mesocosm experiment, where both populations were mixed in different proportions. On the contrary, in two out of three mixed treatments, the amount of Oropuche (Turure) alleles was significantly higher than expected from the proportion of initially stocked fish. The almost complete absence of distinguishable traits other than genetic variation between the examined populations that belong to different drainage systems, opposes the recent split of the guppy into two different species following drainage system borders, as is argued in this thesis. However, the successful invasion of the Turure by Guanapo guppies and the nearly entire disappearance of the original population can be explained in absence of differing population traits. Here I demonstrate how behavioural and genetic interactions between subspecies influence the outcome of biological invasions and second, how factors other than population traits, such as the geographic situation, can produce an advantageous situation for the invader even in the absence of population differences.
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Mattaraia, Vânia Gomes de Moura [UNESP]. "Eficiência reprodutiva de ratos Wistar: sincronização, restrição alimentar e sistemas de produção." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104138.
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mattaraia_vgm_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 917268 bytes, checksum: ec30e33dc54c0e3faa1143de93f14406 (MD5)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito da restrição alimentar quantitativa nas fases pré e pós acasalamento, sobre o desempenho de ratas Wistar no primeiro ciclo reprodutivo. Três experimentos foram realizados, envolvendo um total de 220 fêmeas nulíparas. No Experimento 1, 60 fêmeas foram distribuídas em quatro grupos de acordo com a disponibilidade quantitativa de ração, 15 dias antes e 15 dias depois do acasalamento que ocorreu, sempre, aos 90 dias de idade. O primeiro grupo recebeu ração ad libitum dos 75 aos 105 dias de idade. O segundo, seguiu um programa de restrição alimentar quantitativo, recebendo 70% do consumo voluntário de ração no mesmo período. O terceiro, recebeu ração ad libitum até o acasalamento e foi submetido ao programa de restrição alimentar pós-acasalamento. O inverso ocorreu com o quarto grupo. No Experimento 2, 120 fêmeas foram distribuídas em quatro grupos e submetidas a programas de restrição alimentar quantitativa durante o período gestacional: R7 = restrição até o dia 7, R14 = restrição até o dia 14, R21 = restrição até o dia 21 e Controle = acesso irrestrito ao alimento. O terceiro experimento envolveu 40 fêmeas distribuídas em dois grupos: o Voluntário (V) recebeu a ração ad libtum e o outro Restrito (R), seguiu um programa de restrição alimentar quantitativo, durante os 15 dias que antecederam o acasalamento. As fêmeas dos dois grupos foram eutanasiadas no dia 7 de gestação para determinação da taxa de ovulação, contagem dos sítios de implantação e pesagem da gordura abdominal. No experimento 1, houve resultados favoráveis às fêmeas do grupo com consumo voluntário na fase pré-reprodutiva (P<0,05) para as seguintes características: nascidos totais, peso nascidos, peso vivo da ninhada, nascidos vivos. No experimento 2 foi detectada diferença...
The objective was to evaluate the effects of a quantitative feed restriction in the pre and post mating phases on the performance of Wistar female rats in the first reproductive cycle. Three experiments were carried out involving a total of 220 young females. In the first experiment, 60 females were assigned to one of four groups according to the availability of feed 15 days before and 15 days after mating, which occurred at 90 days of age in all cases. The first group had free access to feed from 75 to 105 days of age. The second group followed a quantitative feed restriction program receiving 70% of the voluntary feed intake in the same period. The third group had free access to feed until mating and was submitted to the feed restriction program afterwards. The opposite occurred with the fourth group. In experiment 2, 120 females were assigned to one of four groups: a control which had free access to feed during gestation or three groups submitted to quantitative feed restriction programs. R7: from day 1up to day 7; R14: from day 1 up to day 14; R21: from day 1 up to day 21. The third experiment involved 40 females assigned to one of two groups: a control group which had free access to feed or a treatment group which followed a quantitative feed restriction program during the 15 days that preceded mating. The females were euthanized on day 7 of gestation when the ovulation and implantation rates as well as the abdominal fat weight were determined. In the first experiment, females from the voluntary intake group showed superior performance (P<0.05) regarding total number born, born alive and litter birth weight. In the second experiment body weights of females on days 7, 14 and 21 of gestation and at weaning differed (P<0.05) among groups. Feed consumption also differed among groups (P<0.05) in the three weeks of gestation. The mean litter birth weight tended (P<0.10) to be... (Complete abstract click electronic access)
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Mattaraia, Vânia Gomes de Moura 1958. "Eficiência reprodutiva de ratos Wistar : sincronização, restrição alimentar e sistemas de produção /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104138.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Ana Silvia Alves Meira Tavares MouraBanca: Sueli Blanes Dami
Banca: Valderez Bastos Valero Lapchik
Banca: José Luiz Moraes Vasconcelos
Banca: Denise Rangel da Silva Sartori
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito da restrição alimentar quantitativa nas fases pré e pós acasalamento, sobre o desempenho de ratas Wistar no primeiro ciclo reprodutivo. Três experimentos foram realizados, envolvendo um total de 220 fêmeas nulíparas. No Experimento 1, 60 fêmeas foram distribuídas em quatro grupos de acordo com a disponibilidade quantitativa de ração, 15 dias antes e 15 dias depois do acasalamento que ocorreu, sempre, aos 90 dias de idade. O primeiro grupo recebeu ração ad libitum dos 75 aos 105 dias de idade. O segundo, seguiu um programa de restrição alimentar quantitativo, recebendo 70% do consumo voluntário de ração no mesmo período. O terceiro, recebeu ração ad libitum até o acasalamento e foi submetido ao programa de restrição alimentar pós-acasalamento. O inverso ocorreu com o quarto grupo. No Experimento 2, 120 fêmeas foram distribuídas em quatro grupos e submetidas a programas de restrição alimentar quantitativa durante o período gestacional: R7 = restrição até o dia 7, R14 = restrição até o dia 14, R21 = restrição até o dia 21 e Controle = acesso irrestrito ao alimento. O terceiro experimento envolveu 40 fêmeas distribuídas em dois grupos: o Voluntário (V) recebeu a ração ad libtum e o outro Restrito (R), seguiu um programa de restrição alimentar quantitativo, durante os 15 dias que antecederam o acasalamento. As fêmeas dos dois grupos foram eutanasiadas no dia 7 de gestação para determinação da taxa de ovulação, contagem dos sítios de implantação e pesagem da gordura abdominal. No experimento 1, houve resultados favoráveis às fêmeas do grupo com consumo voluntário na fase pré-reprodutiva (P<0,05) para as seguintes características: nascidos totais, peso nascidos, peso vivo da ninhada, nascidos vivos. No experimento 2 foi detectada diferença... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The objective was to evaluate the effects of a quantitative feed restriction in the pre and post mating phases on the performance of Wistar female rats in the first reproductive cycle. Three experiments were carried out involving a total of 220 young females. In the first experiment, 60 females were assigned to one of four groups according to the availability of feed 15 days before and 15 days after mating, which occurred at 90 days of age in all cases. The first group had free access to feed from 75 to 105 days of age. The second group followed a quantitative feed restriction program receiving 70% of the voluntary feed intake in the same period. The third group had free access to feed until mating and was submitted to the feed restriction program afterwards. The opposite occurred with the fourth group. In experiment 2, 120 females were assigned to one of four groups: a control which had free access to feed during gestation or three groups submitted to quantitative feed restriction programs. R7: from day 1up to day 7; R14: from day 1 up to day 14; R21: from day 1 up to day 21. The third experiment involved 40 females assigned to one of two groups: a control group which had free access to feed or a treatment group which followed a quantitative feed restriction program during the 15 days that preceded mating. The females were euthanized on day 7 of gestation when the ovulation and implantation rates as well as the abdominal fat weight were determined. In the first experiment, females from the voluntary intake group showed superior performance (P<0.05) regarding total number born, born alive and litter birth weight. In the second experiment body weights of females on days 7, 14 and 21 of gestation and at weaning differed (P<0.05) among groups. Feed consumption also differed among groups (P<0.05) in the three weeks of gestation. The mean litter birth weight tended (P<0.10) to be... (Complete abstract click electronic access)
Doutor
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Dakin, Roslyn. "The role of the visual train ornament in the courtship of peafowl, Pavo cristatus." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1423.
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Sweger, Alexander L. "Courtship Signaling, Sexual Selection, and the Potential for Acoustic Communication in the “Purring” Wolf Spider Gladicosa Gulosa." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504781228686818.
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Judkins, Ryan R. "Noble Venery: Hunting and the Aristocratic Imagination in Late Medieval English Literature." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337896675.
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Sprague, Casey. "Relative Importance of Male Song on Female Mate Selection in the Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia Guttata)." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/488.
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In the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), song and its social context play an important role in female mate selection. The song of the zebra finch is unique in that it can only be produced by males, which makes the species ideal for analyzing the components of male song that influence female song preference and mate selection. There are three consistent features of zebra finch song that affect female mate preference: 1) the amount of time a male sings, 2) the size and complexity of his song repertoire, and 3) the structural conformation to species or population norms (reviewed in Nowicki et al. 2002). During courtship, male zebra finches often express ‘static-visual’ and ‘dynamic-visual’ elements in sync with song (Morris 1954), which would suggest that such behaviors also play a role in influencing female mate preference. However, with courtship comes the competition between males for the attention of potential mates. These agonistic interactions between males act settle disputes over access to mates, and as such, are also likely to influence female mate selection. As follows, we predict that, at the initial onset of courtship, there would be a higher prevalence of male-to-female courting interactions and singing behavior in comparison to male-to-male agonistic tendencies if female mate selection is fundamentally determined by song preference. However if female mate selection is more complicated than simple song preference, we would expect to initially observe a higher number of agonistic interactions between males as they compete for dominance. This hypothesis was tested by recording and analyzing the behavioral interactions between male and female zebra finches in the context of song complexity. We found that different males scored higher for song complexity than those for expression of courtship behaviors, which indicates that different elements of male courtship display likely influence female mate preference. Our data comparing male-to-male interactions and male-to-female interactions within the first 30 minutes after introduction was statistically insignificant, suggesting that female mate selection is more complicated than simple song preference. This preliminary research can be used as a basis for future studies using quantitative movement tracking analysis, which would further strengthen these initial observations. By increasing our understanding of the influence the male song has on female mate selection, we can better expound upon the nature and function of the favored traits that male songbirds possess and the benefits that females and their progeny might gain from choosing a male with these particular attributes.
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Furnari, Nina. "Corte intra e interespecífica em cobaias (Cavia porcellus) e preás (Cavia aperea)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47132/tde-01092006-175910/.
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O preá Cavia aperea é tido como um dos representantes atuais da espécie ancestral a partir da qual se originou a cobaia Cavia porcellus por meio de um processo de domesticação iniciado há cerca de 6000 anos. A comparação entre estas espécies constitui um modelo interessante para o estudo dos efeitos comportamentais da domesticação, além de ter implicações para a compreensão da taxonomia destas espécies. Nosso objetivo foi descrever e comparar o comportamento de corte em cobaias e preás em pares intraespecíficos e verificar, através de pareamentos interespecíficos, eventuais barreiras reprodutivas provenientes da domesticação. Pares intra e interespecíficos foram submetidos a dois experimentos, um a curto prazo em ambiente de sala-teste e outro a longo prazo em ambiente semi-natural, nos quais registrou-se os episódios de interação e as categorias comportamentais exibidas na interação entre os sujeitos. Encontrou-se diferenças significativas entre os pares intra e interespecíficos (taxa e duração da interação), assim como entre cobaias e preás (cobaias interagiram, cortejaram-se e exploraram-se mais do que preás, estes se mostraram mais ativos e exploradores do meio). As diferenças revelam possíveis efeitos do processo de domesticação. Os pares interespecíficos também diferiram significativamente entre si, de forma assimétrica: enquanto machos preás cortejaram fêmeas cobaias e copularam com estas (menos, contudo, do que no caso das fêmeas coespecíficas), machos cobaias praticamente não cortejaram fêmeas preás provavelmente por causa dos altos níveis de agressão destas. Nossos resultados demonstram a existência de barreiras comportamentais entre as duas espécies, devidas provavelmente à domesticação, capazes de gerar um isolamento reprodutivo parcial.The wild cavy (Cavia aperea) is considered as one of the current exemplars of an ancestor species which through domestication processes starting six thousands years ago originated Cavia porcellus, the guinea pig. A formal comparison between the two species (Cavia aperea and Cavia porcellus), constitutes not only an interesting model for an investigation of the effects of domestication on behaviour, but also it may contribute to a taxonomic understanding of the two species. The aim of the study was to describe and compare the courtship behaviour exhibited by wild cavies and guinea pigs within intraspecific couples. In addition, arranging interspecific couples, we aimed to verify possible reproductive barriers which could be a consequence of the domestication processes. Intraspecific and interspecific couples took part in two experiments: the first was a short term experiment undertaken in a non-natural testing environment; the second was long term and conducted in a semi-natural environment. Interactive episodes were observed and a range of behavioural categories demonstrated by the individuals during interactions were registered. Significant differences were found between intra and interspecific couples (frequency and duration of the interactions) as well as between wild cavies and guinea pigs. Whilst the latter interacted and explored themselves more as well as showing more courtship behaviour, the former instead were more active towards exploring their environment. These differences suggest possible effects of the domestication processes. Furthermore, there were also significant asymmetrical differences among the interspecific couples themselves: whilst male wild cavy showed courtship behaviour towards the female guinea pigs and even mated with them. However, less than when compared to their behaviour towards female wild cavies. Male guinea pigs mostly did not court female wild cavies; this was mainly attributed to the female wild cavies showing high levels of aggression. The results account for the existence of behavioural barriers between the two species, which are probably due to the domestication process and can well generate partial reproductive isolation.
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Goudey-Perrière, Françoise. "Socialité, sexualité et reproduction chez Blabera craniifer Burm. (Dictyoptère, Blaberidae, Blaberinae)." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066404.
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Cornec, Clément. "Communication chez un oiseau à système socio-sexuel de type lek : étude des signaux acoustiques et visuels pendant la parade des mâles d'outarde houbara Chlamydotis undulata undulata." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T026/document.
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Dans un contexte de sélection sexuelle, les systèmes de communication permettant l’attraction et la stimulation du partenaire sexuel et la compétition entre individus du même sexe sont indispensables. Ceci est particulièrement vrai chez les espèces à système d’appariement polygyne de type lek, où les mâles rassemblés dans l’espace sont en compétition pour l’accès aux femelles. Chez notre sujet d’étude, l’outarde houbara nord-africaine les males réalisent des parades incluant des démonstrations visuelles et des vocalisations appelées booms, sur des sites espacés les uns des autres par des distances importantes dans un système qualifié de lek explosé. Notre objectif était d’étudier les systèmes de codage-décodage des informations exprimées durant la parade des mâles chez cette espèce. Nous avons démontré l’existence d’un codage de l’identité individuelle porté par des paramètres visuels et des paramètres acoustiques des vocalisations. Des associations significatives entre des paramètres des booms et des caractéristiques physiques et comportementales des mâles susceptibles de refléter leur qualité, ont également été mises en évidence. Ainsi, les mâles qui produisent les booms les plus graves avaient les masses les plus importantes et paradaient le plus intensément. Lorsque des interactions agonistiques étaient simulées expérimentalement en diffusant des leurres acoustiques, les mâles avaient des réponses comportementales différentes en fonction de la fréquence des booms diffusés. Ainsi le niveau fréquentiel des booms des autres mâles est effectivement perçu et décodé par les individus en compétition. Par ailleurs, plusieurs paramètres des booms sont génétiquement déterminés et héritables, et pourraient porter une information sur l’apparentement entre individus.Certains paramètres sont également liés à la consanguinité des individus. Nous avons montré également que les booms sont particulièrement bien adaptés à la communication à grande distance. En effet, les booms sont de très basse fréquence, se propagent à des distances supérieures à 640 m, et les paramètres supportant le codage-décodage de l’information sont résistants à la propagation et produits de manière redondante. Enfin, les signaux acoustiques et des signaux visuels et semblent agir en synergie (multimodalité) ce qui pourraient améliorer l’efficacité de la communication à grande distance. Ainsi notre étude a démontré que des informations complexes sont transmises durant la parade des mâles au travers de signaux acoustiques et visuels au sein d’un réseau de communication à grande distanceRésumé en anglais ;In a context of sexual selection, the communication between individuals is essential to optimize both intra-sexual (competition between male) and inter-sexual (mate choice) processes. This is particularly true in species with lek mating systems, where both processes reach their full expression. The North African Houbara bustard, Chlamydotis undulata undulata, is a lekking bird where courting males aggregate in a so called ‘exploded-lek’, i.e. where aggregation is detectable only when mapped over a large area. During the breeding season, males perform a conspicuous and spectacular courtship including visual and acoustic (booms) signals. Our aim was to decipher the coding-decoding systems of the courtship in this species. We found that males can be individually discriminated on the basis of visual and acoustic parameters. The booms produced during the courtship are also related to males’ characteristics susceptible to reflect their quality. Individuals who produced the lowest frequency booms were those with the greatest weights and performed the highest intensity courtships. Playback experiment shows that the frequency content of the booms was perceived and decoded by males during agonistic interaction, leading to significantly different behavioural responses according to the frequency of the signals played back. Furthermore, several acoustic parameters of the booms are significantly heritable through genetic transmission and these parameters are also related to the level of inbreeding. Finally, we showed that the booms and the acoustic parameters supporting information are particularly well adapted to the transmission of information at long range as required in a long distance communication network constituted by an exploded lek. First, booms are of very low-frequency and propagate up to 640 m. Second, coding-decoding of information relies on sequentially redundant and propagation-resistant features. Third, acoustic signals are combined with visual signalling (multimodality) which may improve the long distance transmission of the information. This study brought evidence that complex information is conveyed by visual and acoustic signals during the courtship of males within a long distance network
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Sapp, Jerod Rothwell. "Courtship behaviors in the salamander genus Aneides." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30315.
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Salamander courtship coordinates the exchange of gametes. Plethodontids
have evolved an elaborate means by which this is done. Throughout the family
Plethodontidae a tail-straddling walk is performed to orchestrate the transfer of sperm.
Typically this behavior is linear, however in the genus Aneides there are exceptions.
In the genus Aneides there are two species that have a circular tail-straddling
walk; others perform the highly conserved linear tail-straddling walk. I observed
courtship in three species of Aneides and used accounts of others to discern which
members possessed circular tail-straddling walk and used a phylogeny to map the
courtship characters found in the courtships of the members of the tribe plethodontini.Graduation date: 2003
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Propper, Catherine R. "Courtship-induced changes in female sexual receptivity : a neuroendocrine study in an amphibian /." 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/11406.
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Draud, Matthew Jay. "Female mate choice and male-male competition in the variegated pupfish, Cyprinodon variegatus /." Diss., 1996. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9705006.
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Bockelman, Angela Kay. "Courtship and parental care in the biparental convict cichlid fish (Archocentrus nigrofasciatus) : a test of their relationship /." Diss., 2004. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3127518.
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Rollmann, Stephanie Marie. "Courtship pheromone effects on female receptivity in a plethodontid salamander /." 2000. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9959112.
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