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Journal articles on the topic 'Cousin'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 June 2025

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1

Yusdiawati, Yayuk. "PENYAKIT BAWAAN : KAJIAN RESIKO KESEHATAN PADA PERKAWINAN SEPUPU." Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya 19, no. 2 (2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jaisb.v19.n2.p89-99.2017.

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This paper aims to investige about congenital diseases are an absolute risk in all types of cousin marriages. Methods: this review is a review of literature on cousin marriages and congenital diseases in cousin marriages, as well as qualitative research conducted on the Mandailing community in the village of Tanjung Baringin, North Sumatra, which practices many cross-breed cousins. Results show the risk of the illness impacted by cousin marriage, is not an absolute negative impact on all cousin pairs. A parallel cousin has a great chance to experience it. This can be proved by some researchers who investige health risks in populations that practices parallel cousin marriage. In cross-cousin pairs did not find any health risks. Therefore, cousin marriage still exixtsnce until now, especially in cross cousin marriage.

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2

Van Raemdonck, Dan. "Adverbe et préposition : cousin, cousine ?" Travaux de linguistique 42-43, no. 1 (2001): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/tl.042.059.

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3

SAIFY, KHYBER, and MOSTAFA SAADAT. "CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES IN AFGHANISTAN." Journal of Biosocial Science 44, no. 1 (2011): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932011000253.

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SummaryThe present cross-sectional study was done in order to illustrate the prevalence and types of consanguineous marriages among Afghanistan populations. Data on types of marriages were collected using a simple questionnaire. The total number of couples in the study was 7140 from the following provinces: Badakhshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Kabul, Kunduz, Samangan and Takhar. Consanguineous marriages were classified by the degree of relationship between couples: double first cousins, first cousins, first cousins once removed, second cousins and beyond second cousins. The coefficient of inbreeding (F) was calculated for each couple and the mean coefficient of inbreeding (α) estimated for each population. The proportion of consanguineous marriages in the country was 46.2%, ranging from 38.2% in Kabul province to 51.2% in Bamyan province. The equivalent mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was 0.0277, and ranged from 0.0221 to 0.0293 in these two regions. There were significant differences between provinces for frequencies of different types of marriages (p<0.001). First cousin marriages (27.8%) were the most common type of consanguineous marriages, followed by double first cousin (6.9%), second cousin (5.8%), beyond second cousin (3.9%) and first cousin once removed (1.8%). There were significant differences between ethnic groups for the types of marriages (χ2=177.6, df=25, p<0.001). Tajiks (Soni) and Turkmens (also Pashtuns) showed the lowest (α=0.0250) and highest (α=0.0297) mean inbreeding coefficients, respectively, among the ethnic groups in Afghanistan. The study shows that Afghanistan's populations, like other Islamic populations, have a high level of consanguinity.

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4

Ambreen Ijaz, Maryam Muhammad Ali, Shubana Kausar, et al. "Pattern and Prevalence of Congenital Malformation and Genetic Disorders among Offspring of Consanguineous Parents in Quetta." Pak-Euro Journal of Medical and Life Sciences 5, no. 1 (2022): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v5i1.2470.

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This cross-sectional study was carried out to examine the pattern and prevalence of congenital malformation/ genetic disorders among the offspring of consanguineous marriages in Quetta, Pakistan. A survey was conducted among 105 married couples from different areas of Quetta city. 89 out of 105 consanguineous couples were related as first cousins, followed by second cousin (n=16) and third cousin (n=6) couples. Consanguineous marriages were common among women who were illiterate (43.8%) and unemployed (87.6%). Highest number of child mortality (61.9%) and abnormalities (32.1%) were observed among the children of first cousin marriages. The most common congenital malformation /genetic disorders were mental retardation (24.13%), followed by diabetes (10.3%), deafness (6.8%) and thalassemia (6.8%). Among all the inter-related marriages, first cousin marriages are at highest risk to have babies with congenital anomalies.

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5

Kendler, K. S., H. Ohlsson, K. Sundquist, and J. Sundquist. "Environmental influences on familial resemblance for drug abuse in first-cousin pairs: a Swedish national study." Psychological Medicine 44, no. 2 (2013): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291713000846.

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BackgroundUsing three independent methods, prior studies in Swedish sibling pairs indicate that environmental factors contribute substantially to familial aggregation for drug abuse (DA). Could we replicate these results in cousin pairs?MethodUsing multiple Swedish public databases (1964–2011), we defined DA using medical, legal or pharmacy registry records and examined concordance in full cousin pairs as a function of age differences, younger–older relationships and geographical proximity while growing up.ResultsReplicating prior results in siblings, cousin pairs were significantly more similar in their history of DA if they were (i) closer versus more distant in age and (ii) grew up in high versus low geographical proximity to one another. Furthermore, controlling for background factors, having an older cousin with DA conveys a greater risk for DA than having a younger drug-abusing cousin. The greater transmission of DA from older to younger versus younger to older cousin was more prominent in pairs who grew up close to one another. In age difference and geographical proximity analyses, effects were consistently strongest in male–male cousin pairs. In analyses of older → younger versus younger → older transmission, effects were stronger in male–male and male–female than in female–female or female–male relative pairs.ConclusionsIn accord with prior results in siblings, environmental factors contribute substantially to the familial aggregation of DA in cousins and these effects are, in general, stronger in males than in females.

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6

Bray, Bernard. "Premier lecteur, premier admirateur: le cousin Burry-Rabutin." Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France o 96, no. 3 (1996): 366–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhlf.g1996.96n3.0366.

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Résumé La correspondance entre la marquise de Sévigné et son cousin le comte de Bussy forme un ensemble équilibré de plus de trois cents lettres, réparties sur quarante-six années, ensemble qu'on souhaiterait pouvoir lire dans une commode édition séparée. Très tôt les deux cousins ont mutuellement apprécié la qualité de leur écriture épistolaire, et se sont déclaré l'un à l'autre le plaisir qu'ils prenaient à s'écrire, et à entendre les finesses de leur dialogue. Leur longue dispute, née du refus par la marquise d'un prêt d'argent à son cousin, et du portrait satirique inséré par celui-ci dans l' Histoire amoureuse des Gaules , a été l'occasion de lettres au ton violent mais écrites avec soin, où l'affrontement traduit aussi une rivalité dans le maniement de la plume. Au cours du va-et-vient épistolaire, c'est en général Mme de Sévigné qui a l'initiative et montre la voie, tandis que Bussy répond, c'est-à-dire commente ou critique les formules de sa cousine, dans lesquelles il admire non seulement le naturel mais aussi les tours singuliers et les traits de maître . Aussi était-il assuré de plaire au roi, lorsqu'il lui fit connaître, en les insérant dans un fragment manuscrit de ses propres mémoires, quelques-unes des lettres qu'il avait reçues de la marquise.

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7

EL-KHESHEN, GHADIR, and MOSTAFA SAADAT. "PREVALENCE OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES AMONG SHI'A POPULATIONS OF LEBANON." Journal of Biosocial Science 45, no. 5 (2013): 675–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932012000843.

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SummaryIn genetics, a consanguineous marriage means union between couples who are related as second cousins or closer. The present cross-sectional study was carried out in order to illustrate the prevalence and types of consanguineous marriages in the Shi'a population living in widespread territories in Lebanon including the Bekaa Valley, the south of Lebanon and the southern suburb of Beirut. Data on types of marriages were collected using a simple questionnaire. The total number of couples in the study was 1203. Consanguineous marriage was classified by the degree of relationship between couples. The overall frequency of consanguinity was found to be 28.4%, with first cousin marriages (21.3%) being the most common type followed by first cousins once removed (5.5%), then double first cousins (0.8%). The frequencies of second cousin and beyond second cousin marriages were the same at 0.4% of all the marriages. The mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was estimated at about 0.0161 for the population. There were no significant differences between the three studied territories for frequencies of different types of marriages (p>0.1), nor were there significant differences between the rural and urban areas (p>0.1).

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8

OTHMAN, HASAN, and MOSTAFA SAADAT. "PREVALENCE OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES IN SYRIA." Journal of Biosocial Science 41, no. 5 (2009): 685–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932009003411.

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SummaryConsanguineous marriage is the union of individuals having at least one common ancestor. The present cross-sectional study was done in order to illustrate the prevalence and types of consanguineous marriages in the Syrian Arab Republic. Data on consanguineous marriages were collected using a simple questionnaire. The total number of couples in this study was 67,958 (urban areas: 36,574 couples; rural areas: 31,384 couples) from the following provinces: Damascus, Hamah, Tartous, Latakia, Al Raqa, Homs, Edlep and Aleppo. In each province urban and rural areas were surveyed. Consanguineous marriage was classified by the degree of relationship between couples: double first cousins (F=1/8), first cousins (F=1/16), second cousins (F=1/64) and beyond second cousins (F<1/64). The coefficient of inbreeding (F) was calculated for each couple and the mean coefficient of inbreeding (α) estimated for the population of each province, stratified by rural and urban areas. The results showed that the overall frequency of consanguinity was 30.3% in urban and 39.8% in rural areas. Total rate of consanguinity was found to be 35.4%. The equivalent mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was 0.0203 and 0.0265 in urban and rural areas, respectively. The mean proportion of consanguineous marriages ranged from 67.5% in Al Raqa province to 22.1% in Latakia province. The α-value ranged from 0.0358 to 0.0127 in these two provinces, respectively. The western and north-western provinces (including Tartous, Lattakia and Edlep) recorded lower levels of inbreeding than the central, northern and southern provinces. The overall α-value was estimated to be about 0.0236 for the studied populations. First cousin marriages (with 20.9%) were the most common type of consanguineous marriages, followed by double first cousin (with 7.8%) and second cousin marriages (with 3.3%), and beyond second cousin was the least common type.

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9

Komdeur, Jan. "Inter-island transfers and population dynamics of Seychelles Warblers Acrocephalus sechellensis." Bird Conservation International 7, no. 1 (1997): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900001374.

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SummaryIn the 1950s the Seychelles Warbler Acrocephalus sechellensis was a highly threatened single-island endemic species with a population of 26 individuals confined to Cousin Island in the inner Seychelles. Following long-term management of Cousin, the population steadily recovered to around 300–360 birds. In order to give the species the security of additional breeding populations, some warblers were successfully transferred to the islands of Aride and Cousine in September 1988 and June 1990 respectively. During the three years after the transfer to Aride and the first year after the transfer to Cousine, mean territory quality (measured as insect prey available) on these islands was significantly higher than that on Cousin, leading to higher reproductive success per territory and survival of juveniles and adult birds. In November 1991, all transferred birds were still alive, and 205 young had fledged successfully, bringing the total warbler population to c.585 birds. By then there was enough suitable space still remaining on Aride and Cousine for young birds to establish territories and the rise in warbler numbers is expected to continue. The successful establishment of three self-sustaining and viable breeding populations has ensured that the Seychelles Warbler is no longer a globally threatened species.

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10

NAFISSI, SAMANE, MARYAM ANSARI-LARI, and MOSTAFA SAADAT. "EFFECT OF INBREEDING ON WEIGHT GAIN OF OFFSPRING FROM BIRTH TO 12 MONTHS AFTER BIRTH: A STUDY FROM IRAN." Journal of Biosocial Science 42, no. 2 (2009): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932009990393.

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SummaryConsanguinity, the marriage between relatives, has been associated with adverse child health outcomes. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of consanguinity on offspring weight gain from birth to 12 months after birth. Data were collected on 250 consecutive live-born singleton newborns referred to a local health centre in Shiraz (Fars province, southern Iran). Collected data covered socio-demographic characteristics (such as parental age at delivery and parental education), sex, birth order, weights from birth to 12 months after birth and consanguinity of marriages of parents. Considering the low prevalence of double first cousin, first cousin once removed, second cousin, and beyond second cousin marriages, only first cousin and unrelated marriages were included in the study. The study population consisted of a total of 207 newborns (57 offspring of first cousins, 150 offspring of unrelated marriages). Based on the results of repeated measurements analysis of variance, weight gain was associated with type of marriage (p=0.018), sex of offspring (p=0.001) and paternal education (p<0.001). There was no interaction between type of marriage and sex (p=0.831). Birth weight was not affected by type of marriage (p=0.46). There was significant interaction between inbreeding and time (p=0.034). Offspring of consanguineous marriages showed lower weight gain in comparison with those of unrelated marriages during 3–12 months after birth.

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11

SMITH, MALCOLM T. "ESTIMATES OF COUSIN MARRIAGE AND MEAN INBREEDING IN THE UNITED KINGDOM FROM ‘BIRTH BRIEFS’." Journal of Biosocial Science 33, no. 1 (2001): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932001000554.

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From 626 ascendant genealogies, known as ‘birth briefs’, deposited by members of the Society of Genealogists in their London library, rates of consanguineous marriage and coefficients of mean inbreeding (α) of offspring were estimated for cohorts of marriages contracted in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The rate of first cousin marriage in the generation estimated to have married during the 1920s was 0·32%, with no marriages between second cousins. The mean inbreeding coefficient for the offspring of these marriages was estimated as 0·0002. In the previous generation 1·12% of the marriages were between first cousins, and the estimate of mean inbreeding was 0·0007. Comparison with data taken from the published literature suggests that the levels of cousin marriage observed are consistent with a secular decline during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

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12

Hill, Michael J., Terence M. Vel, Kathryn J. Holm, Steven J. Parr, and Nirmal J. Shah. "Cousin." Atoll Research Bulletin 495, no. 4 (2002): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/si.00775630.495-4.49.

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13

Hessel, Heather, and Rachel J. Christiansen. "Close but Not Too Close? A Qualitative Study of How U.S. Emerging Adults Describe Their Cousin Relationships." Adolescents 5, no. 1 (2025): 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/adolescents5010008.

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Research has provided evidence of the protective characteristics of extended family for U.S. emerging adults, but no research has specifically explored cousin relationships. The current study fills this gap by analyzing qualitative data collected from 192 U.S. 18–29-year-old adults (M age = 25.6 years). As this topic is relatively unexplored, examining qualitative data provides scope and vocabulary for further exploration. Participants completed an online survey asking them to describe interactions with extended family, identifying 561 cousins (M age = 28.2 years). A thematic analysis based on the process defined by Braun and Clark generated four primary themes: (1) emerging adults feel varying degrees of closeness and distance with their cousins, (2) relational maintenance with cousins is both planned and incidental, (3) family membership provides resources, and (4) cousins share the same generational position. These results describe important characteristics of the cousin relationship, including moments of unexpected closeness and shared experience of family. The findings also highlight the relevance of sharing a similar life stage within the same family system. Practitioners can utilize findings to help clients identify extended family members that can be tapped for bonding and support.

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14

Schriver, Jordan, W. Q. Elaine Perunovic, Kyle Brymer, and Timothy Hachey. "Do Relatives With Greater Reproductive Potential Get Help First?: A Test of the Inclusive Fitness Explanation of Kin Altruism." Evolutionary Psychology 17, no. 3 (2019): 147470491986709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704919867094.

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According to inclusive fitness theory, people are more willing to help those they are genetically related to because relatives share a kin altruism gene and are able to pass it along. We tested this theory by examining the effect of reproductive potential on altruism. Participants read hypothetical scenarios and chose between cousins (Studies 1 and 2) and cousins and friends (Study 3) to help with mundane chores or a life-or-death rescue. In life-or-death situations, participants were more willing to help a cousin preparing to conceive rather than adopt a child (Study 1) and a cousin with high rather than low chance of reproducing (Studies 2 and 3). Patterns in the mundane condition were less consistent. Emotional closeness also contributed to helping intentions (Studies 1 and 2). By experimentally manipulating reproductive potential while controlling for genetic relatedness and emotional closeness, we provide a demonstration of the direct causal effects of reproductive potential on helping intentions, supporting the inclusive fitness explanation of kin altruism.

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15

AHMED GUNAID, ABDALLAH, NURIA ALI HUMMAD, and KHALED ABDALLAH TAMIM. "CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGE IN THE CAPITAL CITY SANA’A, YEMEN." Journal of Biosocial Science 36, no. 1 (2004): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932003006138.

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Consanguineous marriage is traditionally common throughout the Eastern Mediterranean region, especially in the mainly Muslim countries. To date, there is little information on consanguinity in Yemen. The aim of this study was to ascertain the rate of consanguineous marriage and average coefficient of inbreeding in Sana’a City, Yemen. A population survey was conducted with the intention of covering married couples resident in Sana’a City by means of a multi-stage random sampling technique. A total of 1050 wives and husbands were interviewed on consanguinity in their households. The total incidence of consanguinity was 44·7% (95% CI 41·7–47·7%) with first-cousin marriages constituting 71·6% of the total consanguineous marriages and 32% of all marriages. Paternal parallel first cousins (Type I) accounted for 49% of first-cousin marriages. The average coefficient of inbreeding (F) was 0·02442. The incidence of consanguinity is relatively high in Yemen with predominantly first-cousin marriage. This might be related to the deeply rooted social and cultural beliefs in the country.

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16

Hurd, James P. "Kissing cousins: Frequencies of cousin types in “Nebraska” Amish marriages." Biodemography and Social Biology 32, no. 1-2 (1985): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19485565.1985.9988594.

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17

Jeon, Joonghwan, and David M. Buss. "Altruism towards cousins." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, no. 1614 (2007): 1181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0366.

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Recent research on kin investment shows a matrilateral bias as a function of paternity uncertainty. Kin investment, however, is a special case of kin altruism. We thus hypothesize that psychological adaptations have evolved to regulate cousin-directed altruism according to predictably variable levels of paternity uncertainty in different categories of cousins. We develop a formal mathematical model that predicts that individuals should be most willing to act altruistically towards their mother's sister's (MoSis) children and least willing to act altruistically towards their father's brother's (FaBro) children. Altruism towards father's sister's (FaSis) and mother's brother's (MoBro) children are predicted to fall in between. An empirical study ( N =195), assessing expressed altruistic proclivities, confirmed the predictions from the model. Participants expressed willingness-to-help following the descending order: (i) MoSis children, (ii) MoBro children, (iii) FaSis children, and (iv) FaBro children. The psychological variables of emotional closeness, empathic concern and contact frequency showed precisely the same pattern across distinct cousins, providing convergent confirmation of the model. The results support the hypothesis of cousin-specific adaptations sensitive to varying probabilities of paternity uncertainty.

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18

Unwin, Timothy, Honore de Balzac, Sylvia Raphael, Emile Zola, Andrew Rothwell, and Douglas Parmee. "Cousin Bette." Modern Language Review 89, no. 2 (1994): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3735305.

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19

Pickup, Ian, Honore de Balzac, and James Waring. "Cousin Bette." Modern Language Review 88, no. 3 (1993): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3734973.

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Srivastava, Ranjana. "Cousin Pam." New England Journal of Medicine 378, no. 14 (2018): 1273–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmp1800511.

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21

Kelly, Fiona E. "Cousin Bobby." Humanity & Society 19, no. 2 (1995): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016059769501900211.

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22

Chase, Kathleen, and Rebecca West. "Cousin Rosamund." World Literature Today 60, no. 4 (1986): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40142840.

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23

Fradkin, Eduardo. "Superconductivity's cousin." Nature 387, no. 6628 (1997): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/387018a0.

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24

Bahnsen, Peter, and Dieter Ackermann. "Bodo Cousin." Wasser und Abfall 6, no. 11 (2004): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03247292.

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Gloria Burgess. "Cousin Dolly." Appalachian Heritage 36, no. 3 (2008): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aph.0.0090.

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26

Verschoren, A. "Cousin complexes without partially exact cousin complex arguments." Journal of Algebra 128, no. 2 (1990): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8693(90)90023-h.

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27

Wahab, Abdul, and Mahmud Ahmad. "Biosocial perspective of consanguineous marriages in rural and urban swat, Pakistan." Journal of Biosocial Science 28, no. 3 (1996): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000022379.

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SummaryConsanguineous marriages in two population samples, one rural and one urban, from Swat (Pakistan) were studied. The frequency of consanguineous marriages was found to be 37·13% and 31·11%, and mean inbreeding coefficients were calculated as 0·0168 and 0·0162, for the rural and urban populations respectively. The most frequent type of marriage was between first cousins, in both samples. Among first cousin marriages, those with father's brother's daughter were predominant. Mean inbreeding coefficient was higher for higher socioeconomic groups in both samples. Differences by ethnic and educational groups were also found. Contrary to previous studies, a significant increase in the incidence of consanguineous marriages over the years has been observed. The incidence of premature mortality was significantly higher only in the offspring of first cousin marriages. Significantly higher incidence of morbidity in the offspring of consanguineous marriages was also observed.

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Saadat, Mostafa, and Mahdis Zarghami. "CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES AMONG IRANIAN MANDAEANS LIVING IN SOUTH-WEST IRAN." Journal of Biosocial Science 50, no. 4 (2017): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932017000207.

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SummarySeveral studies have indicated that consanguineous marriages (unions between biologically related persons) are associated with increased risk of autosomal recessive diseases and several multifactorial traits. Mandaeans are a closed ethno-religious community living in areas of southern Iraq and Iran (Khuzestan Province). There are currently no data on the prevalence of consanguineous marriages among Mandaeans. The present study was carried out in 2016 to determine the prevalence of consanguinity among Iranian Mandaeans living in Khuzestan Province, south-west Iran. A total of 137 couples (urban areas: 79 couples; rural areas: 58 couples) were included in the study. Information on the consanguineous marriages of the subjects was collected through direct interviews. Marriages were classified by the degree of relationship between couples as double first cousins, first cousins, first cousin once removed, second cousins and unrelated marriages. The coefficient of inbreeding (F) was calculated for each couple and the mean coefficient of inbreeding (α) estimated for the population, stratified by rural and urban areas. The overall frequency of consanguinity was found to be 50.7% in urban and 86.2% in rural areas. There was a significant difference between rural and urban areas in types of marriages (χ2=24.8, df=4, p<0.001) and first cousin marriages (51.8%) were the most common type. The overall α-value was estimated to be 0.0363 for the Iranian Mandaean population.

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29

Narcis, Stéphane. "The staging of the Franco-Algerian experience." International Journal of Francophone Studies 24, no. 3 (2021): 241–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00040_7.

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Salut cousin! is a 1996 Algerian comedy that touches on issues of immigration, belonging, family and identity. The work, written and directed by Algerian Merzak Allouache, focuses on two cousins, their interactions, lives and the challenges they face in the racially charged environment of Paris. In this review article, the film is examined and discussed regarding what it can tell audiences regarding issues of identity amongst immigrants in a growingly hostile and threatening country. This article outlines the history of the immigration debate in France following after the Second World War, and leading up to the film’s first broadcast in the mid-1990s. It then attempts to explore the issues of race, diversity and acceptance that lie at the heart of Salut cousin! The article further analyses the reality faced by those of Franco-Algerian heritage, an element that is brought to the forefront through the film’s interpretation of immigrant life.

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Vahidi, A. "Modules with minimax Cousin cohomologies." Algebra and Discrete Mathematics 30, no. 1 (2020): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/adm528.

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Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring with non-zero identity and let X be an arbitrary R-module. In this paper, we show that if all the cohomology modules of the Cousin complex for X are minimax, then the following hold for any prime ideal p of R and for every integer n less than X, the height of p: (i) the nth Bass number of X with respect to p is finite; (ii) the nth local cohomology module of Xp with respect to pRp is Artinian.

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31

Mildmay-White, Helen. "A Cousin Remembers." Chesterton Review 14, no. 1 (1988): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/chesterton198814175.

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Smith, Stephen Page. "My Cousin Vesta." Chesterton Review 34, no. 1 (2008): 416–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/chesterton2008341/2151.

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33

Appel, Jacob M. "Cousin Marvin's Secret." Fourth Genre: Explorations in Nonfiction 24, no. 1 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/fourthgenre.24.1.0001.

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34

Le Guyader, Hervé. "Notre cousin Trichoplax." Pour la Science N° 521 - mars, no. 3 (2021): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pls.521.0092.

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35

Kuby, Lolette. "CRAZY COUSIN CELIA." Bridges: A Jewish Feminist Journal 10, no. 2 (2005): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/bri.2005.10.2.75.

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Wong, Kate. "Our Cousin Neo." Scientific American 317, no. 2 (2017): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0817-46.

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Donais, Timothy. "Peacekeeping's Poor Cousin." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 59, no. 4 (2004): 943–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070200405900418.

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Stubbs, Richard, and Mark S. Williams. "The Poor Cousin?" International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 64, no. 4 (2009): 927–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070200906400405.

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Howard-Hassmann, Rhoda E. "The Gay Cousin." Journal of Homosexuality 42, no. 1 (2002): 127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j082v42n01_07.

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Lacoste, Jean. "Cousin, Goethe et l'analyse, ou les chocolats de M. Cousin." Romantisme 25, no. 88 (1995): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/roman.1995.2994.

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Badaruddoza. "Effect of Inbreeding on Wechsler Intelligence Test Scores among North Indian Children." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 16, no. 2 (2004): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101053950401600204.

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The effects of inbreeding in humans on the intelligence has been investigated in the present study of offsprings of second cousin matings (F= 0.0156, n=138 male, 132 female), first cousins once removed (F= 0.03125, n=148 male, 138 female), first cousins (F= 0.0625, n=161 male, 151 female), and unrelated (F= 0, n= 194 male, 182 female) among North Indian Muslims. The Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)-74 was given to the children in the both groups. An overall significant (p<0.001) reduction of means has been observed in inbred series. The results of this study confirm the appreciable inbreeding depression especially among the offspring of first cousins. Asia Pac J Public Health 2004; 16(2): 99-103.

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Breure, Abraham. "Annotated type catalogue of the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Royal Belgian Institute of Sciences, Brussels, with descriptions of two new species." ZooKeys 101 (May 31, 2011): 1–50. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.101.1133.

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The type status is described of 57 taxa from the superfamily Orthalicoidea in the collection of the Brussels museum. Two new species are described: <i>Stenostylus perturbatus</i> spec. nov., and <i>Suniellus adriani</i> spec. nov. A new lectotype is designated for <i>Thaumastus alausiensis</i> Cousin, 1887. New combinations are: <i>Bostryx borellii</i> (Ancey, 1897); <i>Bostryx carandaitensis</i> (Preston, 1907); <i>Protoglyptus mazei</i> (Crosse, 1874); <i>Kuschelenia (Vermiculatus) sanborni</i> (Haas, 1947). New synonymies are established for the following nominal taxa: <i>Orphnus thompsoni</i> var. <i>lutea</i> Cousin, 1887 = <i>Kara thompsonii</i> (Pfeiffer, 1845); <i>Orphnus thompsoni</i> var. <i>nigricans</i> Cousin, 1887 = <i>Kara thompsonii</i> (Pfeiffer, 1845); <i>Thaumastus nystianus</i> var. <i>nigricans</i> Cousin, 1887 = <i>Drymaeus (Drymaeus) nystianus</i> (Pfeiffer, 1853); <i>Orphnus thompsoni</i> var. <i>olivacea</i> Cousin, 1887 = <i>Kara thompsonii</i> (Pfeiffer, 1845); <i>Orphnus thompsoni</i> var. <i>zebra</i> Cousin, 1887 = <i>Kara thompsonii</i> (Pfeiffer, 1845).

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Chagnon, Napoleon A., Robert F. Lynch, Mary K. Shenk, Raymond Hames, and Mark V. Flinn. "Cross-cousin marriage among the Yanomamö shows evidence of parent–offspring conflict and mate competition between brothers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 13 (2017): E2590—E2607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1618655114.

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Marriage in many traditional societies often concerns the institutionalized exchange of reproductive partners among groups of kin. Such exchanges most often involve cross-cousins—marriage with the child of a parent’s opposite-sex sibling—but it is unclear who benefits from these exchanges. Here we analyze the fitness consequences of marrying relatives among the Yanomamö from the Amazon. When individuals marry close kin, we find that (i) both husbands and wives have slightly lower fertility; (ii) offspring suffer from inbreeding depression; (iii) parents have more grandchildren; and (iv) siblings, especially brothers, benefit when their opposite-sex siblings marry relatives but not when their same-sex siblings do. Therefore, individuals seem to benefit when their children or opposite-sex siblings marry relatives but suffer costs when they, their parents, or same-sex siblings do. These asymmetric fitness outcomes suggest conflicts between parents and offspring and among siblings over optimal mating strategies. Parental control of marriages is reinforced by cultural norms prescribing cross-cousin marriage. We posit that local mate competition combined with parental control over marriages may escalate conflict between same-sex siblings who compete over mates, while simultaneously forging alliances between opposite-sex siblings. If these relationships are carried forward to subsequent generations, they may drive bilateral cross-cousin marriage rules. This study provides insights into the evolutionary importance of how kinship and reciprocity underlie conflicts over who controls mate choice and the origins of cross-cousin marriage prescriptions.

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Gabriel, Andrade, and Susana Campo Redondo Maria. "The Medicalization of Cousin Marriage in the 19th Century: Historical and Philosophical Approaches." Revista de Filosofía / Centro de Estudios Filosóficos / Universidad del Zulia - Venezuela 38, no. 97 (2021): 71–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4876412.

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Although incest (i.e., sex between siblings or between parents and offspring) is universally abhorred (per the Westermarck effect), cousin marriage (consanguineous unions) is only rejected by some cultures. Although in some Western countries, and especially in the United States, there is extensive legislation against cousin marriage, this has not always been historically the case. The negative attitudes towards cousin marriage in the West actually have a long history, and non-medical factors (religion, politics, economics, demography) have played a role in this regard. However, by the mid-19<sup>th</sup> Century, the stand against cousin marriage was medicalized. Even though ultimately medical studies have proven that cousin marriage is not particularly dangerous, negative attitudes towards it persist. This article approaches this problem from a historical and philosophical perspective.

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Bourret, Jérôme, Samuel Alizon, and Ignacio G. Bravo. "COUSIN (COdon Usage Similarity INdex): A Normalized Measure of Codon Usage Preferences." Genome Biology and Evolution 11, no. 12 (2019): 3523–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evz262.

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Abstract Codon Usage Preferences (CUPrefs) describe the unequal usage of synonymous codons at the gene, chromosome, or genome levels. Numerous indices have been developed to evaluate CUPrefs, either in absolute terms or with respect to a reference. We introduce the normalized index COUSIN (for COdon Usage Similarity INdex), that compares the CUPrefs of a query against those of a reference and normalizes the output over a Null Hypothesis of random codon usage. The added value of COUSIN is to be easily interpreted, both quantitatively and qualitatively. An eponymous software written in Python3 is available for local or online use (http://cousin.ird.fr). This software allows for an easy and complete analysis of CUPrefs via COUSIN, includes seven other indices, and provides additional features such as statistical analyses, clustering, and CUPrefs optimization for gene expression. We illustrate the flexibility of COUSIN and highlight its advantages by analyzing the complete coding sequences of eight divergent genomes. Strikingly, COUSIN captures a bimodal distribution in the CUPrefs of human and chicken genes hitherto unreported with such precision. COUSIN opens new perspectives to uncover CUPrefs specificities in genomes in a practical, informative, and user-friendly way.

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Häcker, Martina. "Kinship or friendship?" Journal of Historical Pragmatics 20, no. 1 (2019): 96–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.17005.hac.

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Abstract The use of the word cousin as a term of address for non-relatives in late-medieval and Renaissance English is well documented in letters between monarchs, but weak for other social groups in the standard dictionaries, with one example each in the Oxford English Dictionary and the Middle English Dictionary. As it is difficult to establish for earlier periods whether people were blood relations, an investigation of cousin as a term of address needs to establish the relationship between addressor and addressee, as far as possible, from independent historical sources. This study is based on the use of the term cousin in letters, as this often provides precise information on the relationships of correspondents. This investigation documents the use of cousin from the thirteenth to the early-sixteenth century in all literate ranks of society and concludes that the royal use of cousin constitutes a relic of an earlier more widespread use.

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DAY, CATHY, and MALCOLM SMITH. "COUSIN MARRIAGE IN SOUTH-WESTERN ENGLAND IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY." Journal of Biosocial Science 45, no. 3 (2012): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932012000491.

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SummaryKnowledge of inbreeding levels in historical times is necessary to estimate the health consequences of past inbreeding, and to contextualize the current public debate about cousin marriage in Britain. This research aims to calculate the level of cousin marriage using the intensive technique of multi-source parish reconstitution and to determine whether village organization, religion and occupational class influenced the level of consanguineous marriage. A wide variety of documentary sources were used to create extensive pedigrees of spouses in over 800 marriages in the 19th century in the rural villages of Stourton and Kilmington. The closed village of Stourton had higher levels of inbreeding than the open village of Kilmington. Catholics had lower rates of 1st cousin marriage but higher rates of 2nd cousin marriage than Protestants. Farmers had higher levels of 1st cousin marriage than labourers. The levels of consanguinity in south-western Wiltshire in the 19th century were related to the economic structure of the villages and the religion and social class of the spouses.

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AĞIR, Hatice, and Şahika Burcu KARACA. "Cousin Sendromu; Sıradışı Genetik Hastalık ve Pelviskapular Displazi ve Kraniofasyal Dismorfizm: Bir Vaka Sunumu ve Literatürün İncelenmesi." Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 25, no. 2 (2023): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.1175390.

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Cousin Syndrome; also called pelviscapular dysplasia, is a genetic disease caused by TBX15 gene mutation, which is characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism and various musculoskeletal anomalies. Cousin Syndrome was first described in the literature by Cousin et al. in 1982 in two North African siblings. So far only three unrelated individuals have been reported in the literature with otozomal recessive mutations in TBX15. In our case, a 50-year-old female patient with Cousin syndrome who had pelvic and scapular hypoplasia accompanied by craniofacial dysmorphism, short stature and extremity, scoliosis, humeroradial synostosis, and rehabilitation results are presented. We wanted to contribute to the literature by describing the clinical features of a patient with Cousin Syndrome, which is very rare in the world. At the same time, we wanted to emphasize the importance of rehabilitation in this patient who has a wide range of musculoskeletal deformities and limitation in daily living activities due to a genetic skeletal dysplasia.

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Payton, Joanne L. "For the Boys in the Family: An Investigation Into the Relationship Between “Honor”-Based Violence and Endogamy." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 32, no. 9 (2015): 1332–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515588918.

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Germaine Tillion’s classic work of ethnology My Cousin, My Husband related so-called “honor”-based violence (HBV) to the institution of cousin marriage as a response to women’s entitlement to inheritance within the Greater Mediterranean Region. This article will scrutinize Tillion’s position using original survey data gathered in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, finding that although there is a correlation between HBV and cousin marriage, Tillion’s association of this with inheritance laws is inadequate. An alternative position is proposed, in which the relationship between HBV and cousin marriage is situated in coercion around marriage, intergenerational tensions, and in-group exclusivity, exacerbated by the contemporary politics of nationalist neopatrimonialism and an economy based in oil rentierism.

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Masih, Nadeem, Farzana Amir, Rehana Tabbasum, Ayesha Naz та Arfa Nadeem. "empirical investigation of the relationship between consanguineous marriage and prevalence of β-thalassemia in Punjab, Pakistan". International journal of health sciences 7, S1 (2023): 2362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14497.

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It is a striking fact that β-thalassemia has become a common single gene disorder among the children. Among the contributing factors, overwhelmed practice of consanguineous marriage is one of the most prominent reason of the high rate prevalence of β-thalassemia in Pakistan. Therefore, the present research was conducted to investigate the relationship between consanguineous marriage and prevalence of β-thalassemia in Punjab, Pakistan. The nature of study was cross-sectional and quantitative. The study was conducted in the Children’s Hospital, Lahore and Multan. Purposive sampling technique was used and sample of 300 parents was drawn. A well-structured research questionnaire was used to collect the data from the parents. The results indicate that rate of β –Thalassemia is significantly higher (76.7%) in first cousin marriage as compared to the second cousin marriage (23.3%). The trend of thalassemia major among male patients is higher (76.31%) in first cousin marriage as compared to the second cousin marriage (23.69%). Similarly, the prevalence of thalassemia Intermedia is significantly prevalent higher (67.5%) among male patients in first cousin marriage as compared to the second cousin marriage. The above findings can be concluded that there was a strong relationship between consanguineous marriage and prevalence of β-thalassemia in Punjab, Pakistan.

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