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Journal articles on the topic 'Coverage metric'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Ng, Marie, Nancy Fullman, Joseph L. Dieleman, Abraham D. Flaxman, Christopher J. L. Murray, and Stephen S. Lim. "Effective Coverage: A Metric for Monitoring Universal Health Coverage." PLoS Medicine 11, no. 9 (September 22, 2014): e1001730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001730.

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2

D’Angelo, Gianlorenzo, Martin Olsen, and Lorenzo Severini. "Coverage Centrality Maximization in Undirected Networks." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.3301501.

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Centrality metrics are among the main tools in social network analysis. Being central for a user of a network leads to several benefits to the user: central users are highly influential and play key roles within the network. Therefore, the optimization problem of increasing the centrality of a network user recently received considerable attention. Given a network and a target user v, the centrality maximization problem consists in creating k new links incident to v in such a way that the centrality of v is maximized, according to some centrality metric. Most of the algorithms proposed in the literature are based on showing that a given centrality metric is monotone and submodular with respect to link addition. However, this property does not hold for several shortest-path based centrality metrics if the links are undirected.In this paper we study the centrality maximization problem in undirected networks for one of the most important shortestpath based centrality measures, the coverage centrality. We provide several hardness and approximation results. We first show that the problem cannot be approximated within a factor greater than 1 − 1/e, unless P = NP, and, under the stronger gap-ETH hypothesis, the problem cannot be approximated within a factor better than 1/no(1), where n is the number of users. We then propose two greedy approximation algorithms, and show that, by suitably combining them, we√ can guarantee an approximation factor of Ω(1/ n). We experimentally compare the solutions provided by our approximation algorithm with optimal solutions computed by means of an exact IP formulation. We show that our algorithm produces solutions that are very close to the optimum.

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3

AMMANN, PAUL E., and PAUL E. BLACK. "A SPECIFICATION-BASED COVERAGE METRIC TO EVALUATE TEST SETS." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 08, no. 04 (December 2001): 275–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539301000530.

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Software developers use a variety of formal and informal methods, including testing, to argue that their systems are suitable for building high assurance applications. In this paper, we develop another connection between formal methods and testing by defining a specification-based coverage metric to evaluate test sets. Formal methods in the form of a model checker supply the necessary automation to make the metric practical. The metric gives the software developer assurance that a given test set is sufficiently sensitive to the structure of an application's specification. We also develop the necessary foundation for the metric and then illustrate the metric on an example.

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Liu, C. N., and J. Y. Jou. "Efficient coverage analysis metric for HDL design validation." IEE Proceedings - Computers and Digital Techniques 148, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cdt:20010203.

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5

Mukherjee, Debashis, and Rajib Mall. "An integration test coverage metric for Java programs." International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management 10, no. 4 (June 15, 2019): 576–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13198-019-00787-9.

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6

de Moya-Anegón, Félix, Zaida Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Benjamín Vargas-Quesada, Elena Corera-Álvarez, Francisco José Muñoz-Fernández, Antonio González-Molina, and Victor Herrero-Solana. "Coverage analysis of Scopus: A journal metric approach." Scientometrics 73, no. 1 (July 10, 2007): 53–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-007-1681-4.

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7

Ardito, Luca, Riccardo Coppola, Luca Barbato, and Diego Verga. "A Tool-Based Perspective on Software Code Maintainability Metrics: A Systematic Literature Review." Scientific Programming 2020 (August 4, 2020): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8840389.

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Software maintainability is a crucial property of software projects. It can be defined as the ease with which a software system or component can be modified to be corrected, improved, or adapted to its environment. The software engineering literature proposes many models and metrics to predict the maintainability of a software project statically. However, there is no common accordance with the most dependable metrics or metric suites to evaluate such nonfunctional property. The goals of the present manuscript are as follows: (i) providing an overview of the most popular maintainability metrics according to the related literature; (ii) finding what tools are available to evaluate software maintainability; and (iii) linking the most popular metrics with the available tools and the most common programming languages. To this end, we performed a systematic literature review, following Kitchenham’s SLR guidelines, on the most relevant scientific digital libraries. The SLR outcome provided us with 174 software metrics, among which we identified a set of 15 most commonly mentioned ones, and 19 metric computation tools available to practitioners. We found optimal sets of at most five tools to cover all the most commonly mentioned metrics. The results also highlight missing tool coverage for some metrics on commonly used programming languages and minimal coverage of metrics for newer or less popular programming languages. We consider these results valuable for researchers and practitioners who want to find the best selection of tools to evaluate the maintainability of their projects or to bridge the discussed coverage gaps for newer programming languages.

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Masaoka, Kenichiro, and Yukihiro Nishida. "Metric of color-space coverage for wide-gamut displays." Optics Express 23, no. 6 (March 17, 2015): 7802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.007802.

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9

Cruz, Pedro, Rodrigo S. Couto, Luís Henrique M. K. Costa, Anne Fladenmuller, and Marcelo Dias de Amorim. "A delay-aware coverage metric for bus-based sensor networks." Computer Communications 156 (April 2020): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2020.03.043.

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10

Warren, Joshua L., Montserrat Fuentes, Amy H. Herring, and Peter H. Langlois. "Air Pollution Metric Analysis While Determining Susceptible Periods of Pregnancy for Low Birth Weight." ISRN Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013 (January 30, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/387452.

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Multiple metrics to characterize air pollution are available for use in environmental health analyses in addition to the standard Air Quality System (AQS) pollution monitoring data. These metrics have complete spatial-temporal coverage across a domain and are therefore crucial in calculating pollution exposures in geographic areas where AQS monitors are not present. We investigate the impact that two of these metrics, output from a deterministic chemistry model (CMAQ) and from a spatial-temporal downscaler statistical model which combines information from AQS and CMAQ (DS), have on risk assessment. Using each metric, we analyze ambient ozone's effect on low birth weight utilizing a Bayesian temporal probit regression model. Weekly windows of susceptibility are identified and analyzed jointly for all births in a subdomain of Texas, 2001–2004, and results from the different pollution metrics are compared. Increased exposures during weeks 20–23 of the pregnancy are identified as being associated with low birth weight by the DS metric. Use of the CMAQ output alone results in increased variability of the final risk assessment estimates, while calibrating the CMAQ through use of the DS metric provides results more closely resembling those of the AQS. The AQS data are still preferred when available.

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11

Verma, Shireesh, Kiran Ramineni, and Ian G. Harris. "A Control-Oriented Coverage Metric and its Evaluation for Hardware Designs." Journal of Computer Science 5, no. 4 (April 1, 2009): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/jcs.2009.302.310.

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12

Verma. "A Control-Oriented Coverage Metric and its Evaluation for Hardware Designs." Journal of Computer Science 5, no. 4 (April 1, 2009): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2009.302.310.

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13

Dennis, Steven M. "Coverage metric for track planning and location of stationary bottom targets." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 122, no. 5 (2007): 3009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2942751.

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14

Delgado-Pérez, Pedro, Louis M. Rose, and Inmaculada Medina-Bulo. "Coverage-based quality metric of mutation operators for test suite improvement." Software Quality Journal 27, no. 2 (November 6, 2018): 823–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11219-018-9425-7.

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15

Tasiran, Serdar, M. Erkan Keremoğlu, and Kivanç Muşlu. "Location pairs: a test coverage metric for shared-memory concurrent programs." Empirical Software Engineering 17, no. 3 (July 6, 2011): 129–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10664-011-9166-8.

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16

Costa, Daniel G., and Cristian Duran-Faundez. "Assessing Availability in Wireless Visual Sensor Networks Based on Targets’ Perimeters Coverage." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9312439.

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Availability in wireless visual sensor networks is a major design issue that is directly related to applications monitoring quality. For targets monitoring, visual sensors may be deployed to cover most or all of targets, and monitoring quality may be focused on how well a set of targets are being covered. However, targets may have different dimensions and it is expected that large targets may be only partially viewed by source nodes, which may affect coverage quality and lead to a state of unavailability. In this context, this article analyzes the effect of target’s size on effective coverage in wireless visual sensor networks. A new coverage metric, the Effective Target Viewing (ETV), is proposed to measure monitoring quality over a set of targets, which is exploited as a fundamental parameter for availability assessment. Results show that ETV can be used as a practical coverage metric when assessing availability in wireless visual sensor networks.

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17

SOSA, JAVIER, JUAN A. MONTIEL-NELSON, JOSE C. GARCIA-MONTESDEOCA, and SAEID NOOSHABADI. "APPLICATION OF MIXED INTEGER LINEAR PROGRAMMING IN THE GENERATION OF VECTORS WITH MAXIMUM DATAPATH COVERAGE FOR COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUITS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 19, no. 07 (November 2010): 1497–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126610006785.

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In this paper, we present a novel methodology for vector generation that maximizes the metric of datapath coverage for a given combinational logic circuit. The proposed methodology is based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). The search of input vectors based on the datapath coverage metric is a satisfiability (SAT) problem. In order to obtain maximum coverage vectors, we use a novel model for the Boolean logic gates to translate the original SAT problem into an MILP optimization problem. Next, the new problem is solved following the MILP optimization environment and an exhaustive search strategy. We compare our proposed methodology with the exhaustive search algorithm. Experimental results and performance comparisons based on the large set of MCNC'91 suite of benchmark circuits are presented. They show significant speedups of MILP methodology against the exhaustive search algorithm for the complex circuits.

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18

Ashraf, Shahzad, Omar Alfandi, Arshad Ahmad, Asad Masood Khattak, Bashir Hayat, Kyong Hoon Kim, and Ayaz Ullah. "Bodacious-Instance Coverage Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Network." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (November 27, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8833767.

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Due to unavoidable environmental factors, wireless sensor networks are facing numerous tribulations regarding network coverage. These arose due to the uncouth deployment of the sensor nodes in the wireless coverage area that ultimately degrades the performance and confines the coverage range. In order to enhance the network coverage range, an instance (node) redeployment-based Bodacious-instance Coverage Mechanism (BiCM) is proposed. The proposed mechanism creates new instance positions in the coverage area. It operates in two stages; in the first stage, it locates the intended instance position through the Dissimilitude Enhancement Scheme (DES) and moves the instance to a new position, while the second stage is called the depuration, when the moving distance between the initial and intended instance positions is sagaciously reduced. Further, the variations of various parameters of BiCM such as loudness, pulse emission rate, maximum frequency, grid points, and sensing radius have been explored, and the optimized parameters are identified. The performance metric has been meticulously analyzed through simulation results and is compared with the state-of-the-art Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA) and, one step above, the tuned BiCM algorithm in terms of mean coverage rate, computation time, and standard deviation. The coverage range curve for various numbers of iterations and sensor nodes is also presented for the tuned Bodacious-instance Coverage Mechanism (tuned BiCM), BiCM, and FOA. The performance metrics generated by the simulation have vouched for the effectiveness of tuned BiCM as it achieved more coverage range than BiCM and FOA.

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19

Atamturktur, Sez, Matthew C. Egeberg, François M. Hemez, and Garrison N. Stevens. "Defining coverage of an operational domain using a modified nearest-neighbor metric." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 50-51 (January 2015): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2014.05.040.

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20

Cromwell, Elizabeth A., and Nancy Fullman. "Preventive chemotherapy coverage for neglected tropical diseases: does one metric fit all?" Lancet Global Health 6, no. 9 (September 2018): e936-e937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30345-0.

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21

Sivaraman, M., and A. J. Strojwas. "Path delay fault diagnosis and coverage-a metric and an estimation technique." IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 20, no. 3 (March 2001): 440–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/43.913761.

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22

Mukherjee, Debashis, Dibyanshu Shekhar, and Rajib Mall. "Proposal for A Structural Integration Test Coverage Metric for Object-Oriented Programs." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 43, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3178315.3178330.

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23

INOUE, SHINJI, and SHIGERU YAMADA. "TESTING-COVERAGE DEPENDENT SOFTWARE RELIABILITY GROWTH MODELING." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 11, no. 04 (December 2004): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539304001531.

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We discuss software reliability growth modeling considering with testing-coverage. There are several testing-coverage evaluation criteria for the testing thoroughness. As one of them, statement (or block) testing-coverage is measured as the fraction of the total number of statements that have been executed at least once by the test-cases. First, an alternative evaluation metric for the testing-coverage is proposed in this paper. And then, we develop a software reliability growth model by formulating the relationship between the alternative testing-coverage evaluation function and the number of detected faults. Finally, we show numerical examples for software reliability analysis based on the proposed model by using an actual data set.

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24

Sprouse, Jon, Beracah Yankama, Sagar Indurkhya, Sandiway Fong, and Robert C. Berwick. "Colorless green ideas do sleep furiously: gradient acceptability and the nature of the grammar." Linguistic Review 35, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 575–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tlr-2018-0005.

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Abstract In their recent paper, Lau, Clark, and Lappin explore the idea that the probability of the occurrence of word strings can form the basis of an adequate theory of grammar (Lau, Jey H., Alexander Clark & 15 Shalom Lappin. 2017. Grammaticality, acceptability, and probability: A prob- abilistic view of linguistic knowledge. Cognitive Science 41(5):1201–1241). To make their case, they present the results of correlating the output of several probabilistic models trained solely on naturally occurring sentences with the gradient acceptability judgments that humans report for ungrammatical sentences derived from roundtrip machine translation errors. In this paper, we first explore the logic of the Lau et al. argument, both in terms of the choice of evaluation metric (gradient acceptability), and in the choice of test data set (machine translation errors on random sentences from a corpus). We then present our own series of studies intended to allow for a better comparison between LCL’s models and existing grammatical theories. We evaluate two of LCL’s probabilistic models (trigrams and recurrent neural network) against three data sets (taken from journal articles, a textbook, and Chomsky’s famous colorless-green-ideas sentence), using three evaluation metrics (LCL’s gradience metric, a categorical version of the metric, and the experimental-logic metric used in the syntax literature). Our results suggest there are very real, measurable cost-benefit tradeoffs inherent in LCL’s models across the three evaluation metrics. The gain in explanation of gradience (between 13% and 31% of gradience) is offset by losses in the other two metrics: a 43%-49% loss in coverage based on a categorical metric of explaining acceptability, and a loss of 12%-35% in explaining experimentally-defined phenomena. This suggests that anyone wishing to pursue LCL’s models as competitors with existing syntactic theories must either be satisfied with this tradeoff, or modify the models to capture the phenomena that are not currently captured.

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Fan, Tie Gang, Gui Fa Teng, and Li Min Huo. "Minimum Cost Programming Models of Nodes Deployment for WSNs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 719-720 (January 2015): 696–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.719-720.696.

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WSNs can cover a wide range of application. Node deployment is a fundamental factor in determining the connectivity, coverage, lifetime and cost of WSNs. This paper focuses on the cost of network that satisfies some constraints (coverage, connectivity and lifetime). In order to satisfy the connectivity and coverage, we use the regular hexagonal cell architecture. We present a new metric, the Cost Per Unit Area and Lifetime, to be objective function. Three programming models are proposed under different scenarios. For reasons of space, we present briefly the method to solve above models and some analysis.

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Fischer, G., F. Pivit, and W. Wiebeck. "Link budget comparison of different mobile communication systems based on EIRP and EISL." Advances in Radio Science 2 (May 27, 2005): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-2-127-2004.

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Abstract. The metric EISL (Equivalent Isotropic Sensitivity Level) describing the effective sensitivity level usable at the air interface of a mobile or a basestation is used to compare mobile communication systems either based on time division or code division multiple access in terms of coverage and emission characteristics. It turns out that systems that organize the multiple access by different codes rather than different timeslots run at less emission and offer greater coverage.

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27

Chu, Peter C., G. R. Amezaga, Jr, Eric L. Gottshall, and David S. Cwalina. "Ocean Nowcast/Forecast Systems for Improvement of Naval Undersea Capabilities." Marine Technology Society Journal 41, no. 2 (June 1, 2007): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533207787442178.

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The U.S. Navy is a major investor in ocean model development. The pay-off of such an investment is the value-added ocean nowcast/forecast systems on naval operations and warfare effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the value added of the Navy's nowcast/forecast system to naval antisubmarine warfare (ASW) and anti-surface warfare (ASUW). The nowcast/forecast versus observational fields were used by the Weapon Acoustic Preset Program (WAPP) to determine the suggested presets for Mk 48 variant torpedo. The metric used to compare the two sets of outputs is the relative difference in acoustic coverage area generated by WAPP. Output presets are created for five different scenarios, two ASUW scenarios and three ASW scenarios in the South China Sea. The same metrics used in the nowcast/forecast case were used to generate and compare the acoustic coverage. Analysis of the output reveals that the ocean forecast system outperformed the nowcast system in most scenarios.

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SOSA, JAVIER, JUAN A. MONTIEL-NELSON, and SAEID NOOSHABADI. "A GENETIC ALGORITHM METHODOLOGY TO FIND THE MAXIMUM DATAPATH COVERAGE FOR COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUITS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 19, no. 02 (April 2010): 435–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126610006165.

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In this paper, we present a genetic algorithm (GA) based methodology for vector generation that maximizes the metric of datapath coverage for a given combinational logic circuit, and compare it with a standard greedy algorithm. The search of maximum coverage vectors is a complex optimization of a satisfiability problem. The GA deals with the optimization problem, whilst an external satisfiability solver is invoked to deal with the coverage problem. Experimental results and performance comparisons based on the large set of MCNC'91 suite of benchmark circuits are presented. They show significant speedups of the GA methodology against a greedy algorithm for large circuits.

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29

Liolios, Konstantinos, Lynn Schriml, Lynette Hirschman, Ioanna Pagani, Bahador Nosrat, Peter Sterk, Owen White, et al. "The Metadata Coverage Index (MCI): A standardized metric for quantifying database metadata richness." Standards in Genomic Sciences 6, no. 3 (July 20, 2012): 444–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4056/sigs.2675953.

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30

Ru, Yu, and Sonia Martínez. "Coverage control in constant flow environments based on a mixed energy–time metric." Automatica 49, no. 9 (September 2013): 2632–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2013.05.024.

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31

Miah, Suruz, Arian Y. Panah, Mostafa Mohammad Hossein Fallah, and Davide Spinello. "Generalized non-autonomous metric optimization for area coverage problems with mobile autonomous agents." Automatica 80 (June 2017): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2017.02.044.

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32

Bowen, Robert M., Angela K. Davis, and Dawn A. Matsumoto. "Emphasis on Pro Forma versus GAAP Earnings in Quarterly Press Releases: Determinants, SEC Intervention, and Market Reactions." Accounting Review 80, no. 4 (October 1, 2005): 1011–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2005.80.4.1011.

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Earnings press releases provide managers a forum to present their firm's quarterly financial information and perhaps influence perceptions of the firm's stakeholders. We explore the use of managerial emphasis as a disclosure tool and contribute to the debate over pro forma earnings. We examine (1) the determinants of emphasis placed on pro forma and GAAP earnings within quarterly earnings press releases, (2) whether there has been a shift away from emphasizing pro forma earnings toward GAAP earnings, and (3) whether stock market reactions to earnings news were influenced by emphasis placed on metrics within the press release. We find that firms emphasize metrics that are more value-relevant and portray more favorable firm performance. We also find that the extent of a firm's media coverage affects managers' emphasis decisions. Further, our results indicate a highly significant shift toward GAAP emphasis and away from pro forma emphasis in 2002 relative to 2001. Finally, our stock market tests suggest that greater emphasis on an earnings metric results in a stronger market reaction to the surprise in that metric. Overall, these findings are consistent with managers using emphasis in the earnings press release as a disclosure tool and this emphasis influencing at least one important stakeholder group—investors.

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Zhang, Yi, Gang Wang, and Ping Rong Lin. "Optimize the Multi-Dimensional Test Coverage Based on Multiple Attribute Decision Making and Cross Entropy Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 365-366 (August 2013): 1336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.365-366.1336.

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With the scale and complexity of software increasing, people's awareness of software quality assurance has gradually strengthened. How to carry out the test, test scheme optimization selection and how to improve the testing efficiency become the reality problems in software engineering. Using the test coverage of the multidimensional metric, the effectiveness of comprehensive test coverage, test coverage rate of satisfaction and test efficiency as the optimization test scheme selection, use of multiple attribute decision making lifting scheme selection algorithm to measure the optimal test program, ameliorate the severity of the past subjective experience dependent, so as to provide guidance for reasonable, effective and scientific test. The optimization of comprehensive test coverage scheme is applied to the Markov model of software testing; software testing with the average cost minimization as objective, using the cross entropy method the optimal coverage testing section to optimize the test process.

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Sujiwo, Adi, Eijiro Takeuchi, Luis Yoichi Morales, Naoki Akai, Hatem Darweesh, Yoshiki Ninomiya, and Masato Edahiro. "Robust and Accurate Monocular Vision-Based Localization in Outdoor Environments of Real-World Robot Challenge." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 29, no. 4 (August 20, 2017): 685–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2017.p0685.

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This paper describes our approach to perform robust monocular camera metric localization in the dynamic environments of Tsukuba Challenge 2016. We address two issues related to vision-based navigation. First, we improved the coverage by building a custom vocabulary out of the scene and improving upon place recognition routine which is key for global localization. Second, we established possibility of lifelong localization by using previous year’s map. Experimental results show that localization coverage was higher than 90% for six different data sets taken in different years, while localization average errors were under 0.2 m. Finally, the average of coverage for data sets tested with maps taken in different years was of 75%.

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Keillor, Jocelyn, Tyler Hause, Nada Pavlovic, and Michael Perlin. "Sensor Control Effectiveness and Display Design in an Imaging System for Airborne Search and Rescue." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 1 (September 2005): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504900120.

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Traditionally, search and rescue (SAR) technicians have conducted search by directly viewing the terrain below the aircraft. Defence R&D Canada is developing a multi-sensor imaging system for SAR that would replace direct inspection under low visibility conditions. The operators may orient the sensors in any direction, which combined with a narrow field-of-view may induce disorientation. In addition to detecting and discriminating objects within the sensor's field-of-view, an operator is responsible for moving the sensor in such a way as to ensure that this detection and discrimination may be carried out with similar effectiveness across the entire area that needs to be searched. The present study reports the development of a metric of coverage effectiveness, and its application to two simulation experiments. The results demonstrate a trade-off between the availability of a moving-map display necessary to preserve operator orientation, and the effectiveness of an operator's sensor coverage over a specific region. That is, sensor control effectiveness was compromised by the addition of a moving-map to the display, likely due to operators' inability to simultaneously inspect the map and move the sensor appropriately. The coverage effectiveness metric reported here would be a useful tool in the development and evaluation of “smart” automation of this sensor sweep function.

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36

Gong, Maoguo, Licheng Jiao, and Dongdong Yang. "Corrections on the Box Plots of the Coverage Metric in “Multiobjective Immune Algorithm with Nondominated Neighbor-based Selection”." Evolutionary Computation 17, no. 1 (March 2009): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco.2009.17.1.131.

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In this study, we analyze the experimental results in Gong et al. (2008), and find that the box plots of the coverage metric in solving the five three-objective problems are wrong. The corresponding corrected box plots are presented. The corrected results are still consistent with the original conclusions.

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37

Fallah, F., P. Ashar, and S. Devadas. "Functional vector generation for sequential HDL models under an observability-based code coverage metric." IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems 10, no. 6 (December 2002): 919–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2002.808438.

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38

Botella-Mascarell, Carmen, Joaquin Perez, Juan Soria, and Sandra Roger. "On the Use of Composite Indicators for Mobile Communications Network Management in Smart Sustainable Cities." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 27, 2020): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010181.

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Beyond 5G networks will be fundamental towards enabling sustainable mobile communication networks. One of the most challenging scenarios will be met in ultra-dense networks that are deployed in densely populated areas. In this particular case, mobile network operators should benefit from new assessment metrics and data science tools to ensure an effective management of their networks. In fact, incorporating architectures allowing a cognitive network management framework could simplify processes and enhance the network’s performance. In this paper, we propose the use of composite indicators based on key performance indicators both as a tool for a cognitive management of mobile communications networks, as well as a metric which could successfully integrate more advanced user-centric measurements. Composite indicators can successfully synthesize and integrate large amounts of data, incorporating in a single index different metrics selected as triggers for autonomous decisions. The paper motivates and describes the use of this methodology, which is applied successfully in other areas with the aim of ranking metrics to simplify complex realities. A use case that is based on a universal mobile telecommunications system network is analyzed, due to technology simplicity and scalability, as well as the availability of key performance indicators. The use case focuses on analyzing the fairness of a network over different coverage areas as a fundamental metric in the operation and management of the networks. To this end, several ranking and visualization strategies are presented, providing examples of how to extract insights from the proposed composite indicator.

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Freelon, Deen, Charlton McIlwain, and Meredith Clark. "Quantifying the power and consequences of social media protest." New Media & Society 20, no. 3 (November 15, 2016): 990–1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444816676646.

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The exercise of power has been an implicit theme in research on the use of social media for political protest, but few studies have attempted to measure social media power and its consequences directly. This study develops and measures three theoretically grounded metrics of social media power—unity, numbers, and commitment—as wielded on Twitter by a social movement (Black Lives Matter [BLM]), a counter-movement (political conservatives), and an unaligned party (mainstream news outlets) over nearly 10 months. We find evidence of a model of social media efficacy in which BLM predicts mainstream news coverage of police brutality, which in turn is the strongest driver of attention to the issue from political elites. Critically, the metric that best predicts elite response across all parties is commitment.

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Yu, Junpeng, Hongtao Zhang, Yuqing Chen, and Yaduan Ruan. "Performance Analysis of Backhaul-Aware User Association in 5G Ultradense Heterogeneous Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (February 19, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8879690.

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In 5G ultradense heterogeneous networks, wireless backhaul, as one of the important base station (BS) resources that affect user services, has attracted more and more attention. However, a user would access to the BS which is the nearest for the user based on the conventional user association scheme, which constrains the network performance improvement due to the limited backhaul capacity. In this paper, using backhaul-aware user association scheme, semiclosed expressions of network performance metrics are derived in ultradense heterogeneous networks, including coverage probability, rate coverage, and network delay. Specifically, all possible access and backhaul links within the user connectable range of BSs and anchor base stations (A-BSs) are considered to minimize the analytical results of outage probability. The outage for the user occurs only when the access link or backhaul link which forms the link combination with the optimal performance is failure. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis and numerical results evaluate the impact of the fraction of A-BSs and the BS-to-user density ratio on network performance metric to seek for a more reasonable deployment of BSs in the practical scenario. The simulation results show that the coverage probability of backhaul-aware user association scheme is improved significantly by about 2× compared to that of the conventional user association scheme when backhaul is constrained.

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Orsburn, Benjamin C. "Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Proteomics Methods Using the Absolute Copy Number of Proteins in a Single Cell as a Metric." Proteomes 9, no. 3 (July 20, 2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proteomes9030034.

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Proteomic technology has improved at a staggering pace in recent years, with even practitioners challenged to keep up with new methods and hardware. The most common metric used for method performance is the number of peptides and proteins identified. While this metric may be helpful for proteomics researchers shopping for new hardware, this is often not the most biologically relevant metric. Biologists often utilize proteomics in the search for protein regulators that are of a lower relative copy number in the cell. In this review, I re-evaluate untargeted proteomics data using a simple graphical representation of the absolute copy number of proteins present in a single cancer cell as a metric. By comparing single-shot proteomics data to the coverage of the most in-depth proteomic analysis of that cell line acquired to date, we can obtain a rapid metric of method performance. Using a simple copy number metric allows visualization of how proteomics has developed in both sensitivity and overall dynamic range when using both relatively long and short acquisition times. To enable reanalysis beyond what is presented here, two available web applications have been developed for single- and multi-experiment comparisons with reference protein copy number data for multiple cell lines and organisms.

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Zuo, Lei, Maode Yan, Yaoren Guo, and Wenrui Ma. "An Improved KF-RBF Based Estimation Algorithm for Coverage Control with Unknown Density Function." Complexity 2019 (July 3, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6268127.

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This paper investigates the coverage control for a group of agents, where the density function over the given region is unknown and time-varying. A cost function, depending on the density function and a certain metric, is provided to evaluate the performance of coverage network. Then, while considering the sampling noise, a novel estimation algorithm is developed to approximate the density function based on the Kalman filter (KF) and the Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network. Compared with the other estimation algorithms, a novel sampling regulation mechanism is designed to improve the estimation performance and reduce the computational load. On this basis, a coverage control scheme with estimated density function is proposed to drive the agents to the optimal deployment. Moreover, the stability and performance of proposed coverage control system are strictly analyzed. Finally, numerical simulation is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of proposed approaches.

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Khakimov, Abdukodir, Evgeny Mokrov, Dmitry Poluektov, Konstantin Samouylov, and Andrey Koucheryavy. "Evaluating the Quality of Experience Performance Metric for UAV-Based Networks." Sensors 21, no. 17 (August 24, 2021): 5689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21175689.

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In this work, we consider a UAV-assisted cell in a single user scenario. We consider the Quality of Experience (QoE) performance metric calculating it as a function of the packet loss ratio. In order to acquire this metric, a radio-channel emulation system was developed and tested under different conditions. The system consists of two independent blocks, separately emulating connections between the User Equipment (UE) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and between the UAV and Base station (BS). In order to estimate scenario usage constraints, an analytical model was developed. The results show that, in the described scenario, cell coverage can be enhanced with minimal impact on QoE.

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Zainol Abidin, Husna, and Norashidah Md Din. "Sensor Node Placement in Wireless Sensor Network Based on Territorial Predator Scent Marking Algorithm." ISRN Sensor Networks 2013 (June 26, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/170809.

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Optimum sensor node placement in a monitored area is needed for cost-effective deployment. The positions of sensor nodes must be able to provide maximum coverage with longer lifetimes. This paper proposed a sensor node placement technique that utilizes a new biologically inspired optimization technique that imitates the behaviour of territorial predators in marking their territories with their odours, known as territorial predator scent marking algorithm (TPSMA). The TPSMA deployed in this paper uses the maximum coverage objective function. A performance study has been carried out by comparing the performance of the proposed technique with the minimax and lexicographic minimax (lexmin) sensor node placement schemes in terms of coverage ratio and uniformity. Uniformity is a performance metric that can be used to estimate a WSN lifetime. Simulation results show that the WSN deployed with the proposed sensor node placement scheme outperforms the other two schemes with larger coverage ratio and is expected to provide as long lifetime as possible.

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Kübler, Raoul, and Koen Pauwels. "Metrics Gone Wrong: What Managers Can Learn from the 2016 US Presidential Election." NIM Marketing Intelligence Review 13, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nimmir-2021-0005.

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Abstract In the 2016 presidential election, the vast majority of available polls showed a comfortable lead for Hillary Clinton throughout the whole race, but in the end, she lost. Campaign managers could have known better, if they had had a closer look at other data sources and variables that – like polls – show voter engagement and preferences. In the political arena, donations, media coverage, social media followership, engagement and sentiment may similarly indicate how well a candidate is doing, and most of these variables are available for free. Validating the bigger picture with alternative data sources is not limited to politics. The latest marketing research shows that online-consumer-behavior metrics can enrich, and sometimes replace, traditional funnel metrics. Trusting a single ‘silver bullet’ metric does not just lead to surprises, it can also mislead managerial decision-making. Econometric models can help disentangle a complex web of dynamic interactions and show immediate and lagged effects of marketing or political events.

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Zhang, Wei, Yue Liu, and Wang Lei Wang Lei. "Definition of a New Metric With Mutual Exclusivity and Coverage for Identifying Cancer Driver Modules." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 133767–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011169.

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Zhang, Yan, Zhibin Xiao, Zhe Liu, Xiaomei Tang, and Gang Ou. "SBAS performance improvement with a new undersampled ionosphere threat model based on relative coverage metric." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 198 (February 2020): 105178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2019.105178.

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Ivanov, Maxim, Mikhail Ivanov, Artem Kasianov, Ekaterina Rozhavskaya, Sergey Musienko, Ancha Baranova, and Vladislav Mileyko. "Novel bioinformatics quality control metric for next-generation sequencing experiments in the clinical context." Nucleic Acids Research 47, no. 21 (September 12, 2019): e135-e135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz775.

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Abstract As the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for the Mendelian diseases diagnosis is expanding, the performance of this method has to be improved in order to achieve higher quality. Typically, performance measures are considered to be designed in the context of each application and, therefore, account for a spectrum of clinically relevant variants. We present EphaGen, a new computational methodology for bioinformatics quality control (QC). Given a single NGS dataset in BAM format and a pre-compiled VCF-file of targeted clinically relevant variants it associates this dataset with a single arbiter parameter. Intrinsically, EphaGen estimates the probability to miss any variant from the defined spectrum within a particular NGS dataset. Such performance measure virtually resembles the diagnostic sensitivity of given NGS dataset. Here we present case studies of the use of EphaGen in context of BRCA1/2 and CFTR sequencing in a series of 14 runs across 43 blood samples and 504 publically available NGS datasets. EphaGen is superior to conventional bioinformatics metrics such as coverage depth and coverage uniformity. We recommend using this software as a QC step in NGS studies in the clinical context. Availability: https://github.com/m4merg/EphaGen or https://hub.docker.com/r/m4merg/ephagen.

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Hannon, Nick, Darrell J. Rohl, and Lyn Wilson. "The Antonine Wall's distance-slabs: LiDAR as metric survey." Journal of Roman Archaeology 30 (2017): 447–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400074201.

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The “Hidden Landscape of a Roman Frontier” is a collaborative research project run and jointly funded by Canterbury Christ Church University (CCCU) and Historic Environment Scotland (HES). Intended to run for a 3-year period, it began in October 2015. The project focuses on the landscape archaeology, history, and heritage management of the Roman frontier in Scotland, part of the “Frontiers of the Roman Empire” transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008. The project's primary data-set is comprised of aerial LiDAR at 0.5-m resolution covering the World Heritage Site, combined with terrestrial laser-scanning coverage for the forts at Bar Hill and Rough Castle and the fortlet at Kinneil. All data was commissioned under the auspices of the Scottish Ten Project; the aerial data was captured in spring 2010, the terrestrial data in July 2013 and April 2016. The project also draws upon a number of supplemental data sources, including the National Monuments Record of Scotland (https://canmore.org.uk/), geophysical survey data, archive aerial images, colour infra-red imagery, and additional LiDAR data from the UK Environment Agency.

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Jasim, Musaab Mohammed, Hayder Khaleel AL-Qaysi, and Yousif Allbadi. "Reliability-based routing metric for UAVs networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i3.pp1771-1783.

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<span>As a result of technological advances in robotic systems, electronic sensors, and communication techniques, the production of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems has become possible. Their easy installation and flexibility led these UAV systems to be used widely in both military and civilian applications. Note that the capability of one UAV is however limited. Nowadays, a multi-UAV system is of special interest due to the ability of its associate UAV members either to coordinate simultaneous coverage of large areas or to cooperate to achieve common goals/targets. This kind of cooperation/coordination requires a reliable communication network with a proper network model to ensure the exchange of both control and data packets among UAVs. Such network models should provide all-time connectivity to avoid dangerous failures or unintended consequences. Thus, the multi-UAV system relies on communication to operate. Flying ad hoc network (FANET) is moreover considered as a sophisticated type of wireless ad hoc network among UAVs which solved the communication problems into other network models. Along with the FANET’s unique features, challenges and open issues are also discussed especially in the routing protocols approach. We will try to present the expected transmission account metric with a new algorithm for reliability. In addition to this new algorithm mechanism, the metric takes into account the relative speed between UAVs, and thus the increase of the fluctuations in links between UAVs has been detected. Accordingly, the results show that the function of the AODV routing protocol with this metric becomes effective in high mobility environments.</span>

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