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1
Hasyanova, Svetlana. Banking risks: international approaches to assessment and management. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1225278.
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The textbook is devoted to the study of issues of assessment and management of banking risks based on international approaches. The application of methods and methods for assessing, managing and minimizing risks in commercial banks is considered both from the point of view of implementing international recommendations and standards in the banking sector of the Russian Federation, and in the context of organizing internal systems and procedures in banks. Particular attention is paid to the evolution of regulatory requirements for risk assessment and capital adequacy to cover risks in accordance with international agreements developed by the Basel Committee on banking supervision. Alternative approaches to risk assessment and management, their advantages and disadvantages, prospects for use and impact on banks ' activities are analyzed. It is intended for students of master's programs of economic and financial faculties of higher education institutions, as well as for practitioners in the field of Finance and banking.
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Dyevyatkin, Olyeg, Nina Akulenko, Svetlana Baurina, Aleksandr Bobkov, Galina Bolkina, Andrey Bystrov, Darya Bystrova, et al. Economics of the enterprise (organization, firm). ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/textbook_594d2cb99ad737.28899881.
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The publication summarizes the results of the most important long-term historical stage of research by the University's faculty and is dedicated to the 110th anniversary of the founding of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics (REU) and the 70th anniversary of the Department of industrial Economics of REU.
In preparing this textbook, the authors relied on the experience of teaching the discipline " Economics of an enterprise (organization, firm)" by the faculty of the Department of industrial Economics of PRUE and the results of many years of research by a team of scientists of the scientific school "Industrial and economic security".
A distinctive feature of the textbook is a systematic approach to presenting the views of the leading scientific schools of Russia in the field of Economics and management of enterprises and production complexes. Sections of the publication are supplemented with modern material that takes into account current and future trends in the development of production, and cover current issues of industrial and economic security.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher education institutions studying in the field of training (specialty) 38.03.01 Economics (bachelor's level), as well as for students of postgraduate education, researchers, and other professionals interested in studying the course of the discipline " Economics of an enterprise (organization, firm)".
3
Cullet, Philippe, and Sujith Koonan, eds. Regulation of Water. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199472475.003.0004.
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This chapter focuses on legal instruments that take a broad view of water regulation. There are, as yet, no framework statutory instruments at the state or Union level but drafts have been prepared and this chapter reproduces the latest draft National Water Framework Bill. The next section then moves on to water policies that have been adopted at the Union and state level for some years, highlighting here the National Water Policy, 2012. The last section focuses on an upcoming area of water law, inter-sectoral allocation of water, an issue that is not yet well covered in legal instruments. This section highlights some state-level instruments that seek to address the issue.
4
Erkollar, Alptekin, ed. Enterprise & Business Management. Tectum – ein Verlag in der Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783828872301.
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Organizations have always been dependent on communication, information, technology and their management. The development of information technology has sped up the importance of management information systems, which is an emerging discipline combining various aspects of informatics, information technology, and business management. Understanding the impact of information on today’s organizations requires technological and managerial views, which are both offered by management information systems. Business management is not only about generating greater returns and using new technologies for developing businesses to reach future goals. Business management also means generating better revenue performance if plans are diligently followed. It is part of business management to have an ear to the ground of global economic trends, changing environmental conditions and preferences, as well as the behavior of value chain partners. While, until now, business management and management information systems are mostly treated as independent fields, this publication takes an interest in the cooperation of the two. Its contributions focus on both research areas and practical approaches, in turn showing novelties in the area of enterprise and business management. Main topics covered in this book are technology management, software engineering, knowledge management, innovation management and social media management. This book adopts an international view, combines theory and practice, and is authored for researchers, lecturers, students as well as consultants and practitioners.
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Kargbo, Miatta. The future: view from a Minister. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198703327.003.0022.
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Chapter 22 covers the views of the Honourable Miatta Kargbo MBA, one of the newest and youngest health ministers in Africa, about the future of health and healthcare in Africa, as well as for her own country. In this chapter she sets out an optimistic vision whilst at the same time describing very clearly the many challenges that will have to be met. She also describes the practical steps that can and are being taken to improve health and ensure access to healthcare, even for the poorest.
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Fernández, Miguel Ángel García, and José Juan Gómez de Diego. Transthoracic echocardiography/two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0002.
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The echocardiogram is an extremely useful technique that gives all relevant information on morphology and function of the heart in a wide range of clinical situations. The very first step in echo is how to achieve the images needed for the cardiac evaluation. This chapter covers the basics of echo imaging acquisition including patient positioning and the pivotal concepts of echocardiographic window and view. The two-dimensional echo planes are carefully explained with a detailed description of the cardiac structures that can be studied in every view. The clinical scenarios where a specific imaging mode or orientation could be especially useful are also detailed. Finally M-mode imaging is covered, including detailed explanations of the habitual findings in normal studies.
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Olsaretti, Serena. Introduction. Edited by Serena Olsaretti. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199645121.013.38.
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This chapter introduces the idea of distributive justice. It identifies several different views of what characterizes distributive justice, as opposed to other types of justice and to non-justice-based moral demands. The preconditions of distributive justice, its primary subject and its object, and its normative significance are discussed. The chapter then suggests that bringing the diversity of usages of the concept of distributive justice into view helps cast light on some of the many contemporary debates about distributive justice and its limits. This chapter also introduces and outlines the different topics covered by the different sections and chapters of the book.
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Stampfer, Shaul. Families, Rabbis and Education. Liverpool University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781874774853.001.0001.
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The realities of Jewish life in eastern Europe that concerned the average Jew meant the way their children grew up, the way they studied, how they married, and all the subsequent stages of the life cycle. The family and the community were the core institutions of east European Jewish society. These realities were always dynamic and evolving but in the nineteenth century, the pace of change in almost every area of life was exceptionally rapid. This book deals with these social realities. The result is a picture that is far from the stereotyped view of the past that is common today, but a more honest and more comprehensive one. Topics covered consider the learning experiences of both males and females of different ages. They also deal with and distinguish between study among the well off and learned and study among the poorer masses. A number of chapters are devoted to aspects of educating the elite. Several chapters deal with aspects of marriage, a key element in the life of most Jews. The attempt to understand the rabbinate in its social and historical context is no less revealing than the studies in other areas. The realities of rabbinical life are presented in a way that explains rabbinic behaviour and the complex relations between communities, ideologies, and modernization. The chapters look at the past through the prism of the lives of ordinary people, with some surprising.
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Champollion, Lucas. Covert distributivity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755128.003.0008.
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This chapter considers how verb phrases such as build a raft optionally acquire a distributive interpretation, and reformulates the covert distributivity operators of Link 1987 (the atomic D operator) and Schwarzschild 1996 (the nonatomic Part operator) in terms of the two parameters of stratified reference. By varying the granularity parameter, the difference between atomic and nonatomic views of distributivity is captured and clarified. By varying the dimension parameter, these distributivity operators are extended to the temporal domain and used to explain why indefinites in the syntactic scope of for-adverbials tend not to covary with them (?John found a flea on his dog for a month, Zucchi {&} White 2001).
10
Roy, Goode, Kronke Herbert, and McKendrick Ewan, eds. Part II A View Through Illustrative Contracts and Harmonizing Instruments, 9 Carriage of Goods by Sea. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198735441.003.0010.
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This chapter makes a selection of the issues that are deemed to be the most important from the perspective of transnational commercial law, focusing mainly on the issues related to carrier's liability and transport documents. The main focus is on the transport documents which represent a connecting point between carriage of goods and international trade. Particular attention is given to historical development as it facilitates an understanding of the modern law governing carriage by sea. The chapter provides an overview of international instruments governing carriage by sea also pointing out some discrepancies between these instruments and instruments governing international sales and letters of credit. Selected issues covered by this chapter include identity of the carrier, clean bills of lading, the legal effects of the transfer of negotiable documents, delivery of the goods, and stoppage in transit. The chapter concludes by discussing new types of transport documents, such as sea waybills and electronic transport records.
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Dennis, Faber, Vermunt Niels, Kilborn Jason, Richter Tomáš, and Tirado Ignacio, eds. Ranking and Priority of Creditors. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198727293.001.0001.
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This book addresses one of the critical issues of any insolvency by providing analysis of the law and practice in relation to creditor claims. As with the two previous volumes in the series, the book provides a comparative view by setting out the relevant law and practice in nineteen jurisdictions, drawing out the divergences and common features of domestic insolvency laws from a broad spectrum of countries. Areas covered include submission of claims, verification and admission of claims, ranking of insolvency and administration claims, treatment of non-enforceable claims, and voting and participation rights. Quality, uniformity, and the high level of detail of National Reports are the key benefits of this book.
12
Stokke, Andreas. Lying and Gricean Quality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825968.003.0002.
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This chapter argues against accounts of lying in terms of Gricean maxims. It first considers attempts to characterize lying in terms of Grice’s First Maxim of Quality, admonishing speakers to avoid saying what they believe to be false. Even though many lies are instances of covert violations of the First Maxim of Quality, the phenomenon of bald-faced lies demonstrates that some lies overtly violate the First Maxim of Quality. In light of this, one account takes lies to be violations of the First Maxim of Quality, covert or overt. This view is seen to wrongly count ironic utterances as lies. The chapter then goes on to discuss an alternative Gricean conception of lying in terms of the Supermaxim of Quality. Yet this view is seen to wrongly count false implicatures as lies. The chapter concludes that lying cannot satisfactorily be characterized in terms of Gricean maxims.
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Hansen, Nat. Just What Is It That Makes Travis’s Examples So Different, So Appealing? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783916.003.0006.
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Odd and memorable examples are a distinctive feature of Charles Travis’s work: cases involving squash balls, soot-covered kettles, walls that emit poison gas, faces turning puce, and ties made of freshly cooked linguine all figure in his arguments. One of Travis’s examples, involving a pair of situations in which the leaves of a Japanese maple tree are painted green, has spawned its own literature consisting of attempts to explain the meaning of color adjectives. For Travis, these examples play a central role in his arguments for occasion-sensitivity. But how, exactly, do these examples work? This chapter draws on recent experimental investigations of some of Travis’s examples to question an assumption at the heart of his own view of them—namely, that they are illustrations of a single, unified phenomenon.
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Chesterman, Simon, David M. Malone, and Santiago Villalpando, eds. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Treaties. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780190947842.001.0001.
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The United Nations is a vital part of the international order. Yet this book argues that the greatest contribution of the UN is not what it has achieved (improvements in health and economic development) or avoided (global war or the use of weapons of mass destruction). It is, instead, the process through which the UN has transformed the structure of international law to expand the range and depth of subjects covered by treaties. The book offers the first sustained analysis of the UN as a forum in which and an institution through which treaties are negotiated and implemented. Chapters are written by authors from different fields, including academics and practitioners, lawyers and specialists from other social sciences (international relations, history, science), professionals with an established reputation in the field, and younger researchers and diplomats involved in the negotiation of multilateral treaties and scholars with a broader view on the issues involved. The volume provides unique insights into UN treaty-making. Through the thematic and technical parts, it also offers a lens through which to view challenges lying ahead and the possibilities and limitations confronting this understudied aspect of international law and relations.
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Pillai, Jagan A., and Jeffrey L. Cummings. Conclusions on Neurodegenerative Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190233563.003.0019.
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Neurodegenerative diseases strip an individual of his or her cognitive powers, functional capacity, and autonomy while increasing dependence on others. They are an existential threat to an aging society in its ability to provide a meaningful and high quality of life to all its citizens. The classical view of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) emphasized the distinctness of each NDD ,with a definable clinical syndrome of neurological deficits, behavioral changes, and progressive functional decline, underpinned by inexorable neuronal loss that is pathological for the age of the subject. Neurodegenerative Disorders: Unifying Principles has covered each of these themes from multiple expert domains to basic science to clinical therapeutics. This detailed overview emphasizes the work recently accomplished to uncover shared themes across NDDs and further posits questions for the future.
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Craik, Fergus I. M. Remembering. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895226.001.0001.
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The book sets out Fergus Craik’s view of human memory as a dynamic activity of mind and brain. In this account, remembering is understood as a system of active cognitive processes, similar to the processes underlying attending, perceiving, and thinking. The book therefore extends and elaborates the concept of “levels of processing” proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972). Thus, encoding processes are essentially the mental activities involved in perceiving and understanding, and retrieval is described as the partial reactivation of these same processes. It is further suggested that “memory traces” are represented by a hierarchically organized system of analyzers, modified, sharpened, and differentiated by encounters with successive events. This account proposes that episodic and semantic memory should be thought of as levels in a continuum of specificity rather than as separate systems of memory. The book also covers Craik’s views on working memory and on changes in memory as a function of aging. In the latter case the losses are attributed largely to a difficulty with the self-initiation of appropriate encoding and retrieval operations, compensated by support from the external environment. There is a short chapter on the cognitive neuroscience of human memory, and a final chapter bringing the ideas together. The book covers the development of these ideas, illustrated substantially by experiments from Craik’s own laboratory, and also by empirical and theoretical contributions from other researchers. The final product is a broad account of current ideas and findings in contemporary memory research but viewed from Craik’s personal theoretical standpoint.
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Agrawal, Niruj, Rafey Faruqui, and Mayur Bodani, eds. Oxford Textbook of Neuropsychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757139.001.0001.
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Oxford Textbook of Neuropsychiatry helps to bridge the gap between general psychiatric textbooks and reference texts in neuropsychiatry. Organised into four sections, the book covers the basic knowledge and skills relevant to neuropsychiatry, the various neuropsychiatric conditions, the principles of treatment, and perspectives for neuropsychiatry worldwide. Chapters have been written by international experts who are leaders in their own fields with the view to taking an evidence-based, up-to-date, global perspective on neuropsychiatric problems and treatment.
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Roy, Goode, Kronke Herbert, and McKendrick Ewan, eds. Part II A View Through Illustrative Contracts and Harmonizing Instruments, 12 Financial Leasing: The 1988 UNIDROIT Convention and the UNIDROIT Model Law. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198735441.003.0013.
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This chapter examines two international instruments in the field of leasing: the 1988 UNIDROIT Convention on international financial leasing and the 2008 UNIDROIT Model Law on Leasing. The former is confined to financial leasing involving an international element while the latter covers all leases, international and domestic. A key problem with finance leasing is that while it is the intending lessee who chooses the supplier the remedies for non-delivery or for defective equipment are vested in the lessor under the sale contract, to which the lessee is not a party. The Convention addresses this problem by treating the lessee as a party to the supply contract. The Convention also secures the lessor's right to liquidated damages and safeguards the lessor against the lessee's insolvency. The Model Law tracks the provisions of the Convention as regards financial leases, and prescribes the principal rights and remedies of both parties.
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Munro, James. International Trade in Carbon Units under GATT 1994 and Free Trade Agreements. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828709.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 examines whether carbon units qualify as ‘goods’/‘products’ under GATT 1994 and free trade agreements covering goods. Despite complexities, the analysis of Chapter 4 concludes that, on balance, the better view is that ‘carbon units’ do qualify as ‘products’ and ‘goods’ under GATT 1994 and free trade agreements covering goods. This is because they can be possessed, stored, traded across borders, and hold economic value. The most challenging aspect is the lack of obvious ‘production’ involved in some classes of units. However, since some units are clearly ‘produced’, and since all units are fungible and are, to some degree, in a competitive market relationship with one another, regardless of how they are created, it would be anomalous if only some classes of carbon units were covered. If, however, the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization were to determine—contrary to existing case law—that tangibility is a threshold requirement of ‘goods’/‘products’, it is clear that no carbon units would qualify.
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Cartwright, Nancy. Causal Powers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796572.003.0002.
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Hume urged that there is no difference between the obtaining of a power and its exercise; others, that there is no difference between its exercise and the result that occurs. This chapter reinforces the reasons, based in the success of the analytic method in a variety of sciences and often in daily life, for taking exercisings to be real and separate from both the obtaining (along per-haps with triggering if needed) of a power and the overall result. If exercisings are real, the chapter urges, then the Mill-Ramsey-Lewis view of laws is in trouble, at least if laws are going to account for much of what happens, since ex-ercisings of powers surely should not be admissible into any ontology the view allows. One might hope to rescue the Mill-Ramsey-Lewis account by retaining the demand that laws and theories cover as much as possible as simply as possible but give up the requirement that they be true. In that case laws could involve exercisings but not as true features of the world, rather as part of an instrument for predicting facts that the view lets in to its ontology. This chapter adumbrates this proposal and argues that it will not work. If laws are to cover much of what we think they do, we will have to have exercisings in our ontology, and, the chapter argues (contrary to a proposal floated by Richard Corry), we can’t have exercisings without powers. So we had best accept that powers have full citizenship in the world that science presents to us.
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Longino, Helen E. Pluralism, incommensurability, and scientific change. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725978.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 covers views on the nature of scientific change (continuous or discontinuous; cumulative or revolutionary) and about the role of external considerations in science (corruptive or necessary), and how they depend on prior views about the nature of scientific knowledge. It sketches the principal epistemological ideas of logical empiricism, holism, and contextualism and outlines the attitudes toward change and external influence each licenses. The licensed attitudes are illustrated by reference to contemporary research on human aggression.
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Till, Hilary. Commodity Trading Strategies, Common Mistakes, and Catastrophic Blowups. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190656010.003.0020.
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Becoming an expert in the commodity markets has traditionally required a novice to seek an apprenticeship at an established commodity firm. This chapter provides an alternative approach: a reader is provided a reasonably comprehensive tour of the always dynamic and frequently opaque commodity markets, including views on (1) commodity trading strategies, (2) common mistakes, and (3) catastrophic blowups. The specific commodity trading strategies covered are trend-following and calendar spreads. The common mistakes that the chapter includes are (1) targeting returns rather than risk metrics, (2) establishing inappropriate trade sizing, and (3) failing to fully appreciate the psychological discipline required for trading. The chapter also provides case studies on the catastrophic derivatives blowups at both Amaranth and MF Global.
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Webb, Andrew, Derek Angus, Simon Finfer, Luciano Gattinoni, and Mervyn Singer, eds. Oxford Textbook of Critical Care. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.001.0001.
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Since the first edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Care was published there have been many advances in in our understanding and management of critical illness. The first edition was prefaced with a note on the exacting nature of critical care—the holistic complexity of the patient with multisystem dysfunction, the out-of-hours commitment, the often stressful and highly charged situations requiring considerable agility of brain and hand, and the continuing evolution (and occasional revolution) in perceived ‘best practice’. These challenging demands are precisely what attract the critical care practitioner to the specialty. The importance of strong support mechanisms—from colleagues, national and international societies, and robust educational and research outputs—is paramount to sustain and enhance the quality of care patients receive. The format used in the first edition with system-orientated sections continues. Each section has been subdivided into short topics grouped according to clinical problems, facilitating manageable and relevant searches in electronic media. It is a single-volume major reference book aiming to cover the breadth of clinical and organizational aspects of adult critical care medicine in readable chunks. The editors acknowledge that every single topic cannot possibly be covered in detail, but hope the book’s comprehensive nature will be found useful by all health care providers who look after critically-ill patients. There are often local, national, and international differences in philosophy and management strategy. Some of these differences are seemingly contradictory and it is often difficult for physicians in one country to assimilate information produced for another. This is an international text attempting to give a balanced view where international differences exist. The book informs, rather than dictates.
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Kahane, Leo H., and Stephen Shmanske, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Sports Economics. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195387780.001.0001.
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This book is the second volume of the two-volume The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Sports which includes articles by nearly all of the important authors in the quickly growing field of sports economics. The two volumes consider in depth the ways that economics and sports interact with each other. To start with, economic analysis has helped with the understanding of many of the different institutions in sports. Secondly, quality data about individual productivity, salaries, career histories, teamwork, and managerial behavior has been useful in helping economists study topics as varied as the economics of discrimination, salary dispersion, and antitrust policy. The volumes are also rich from the point of view of the sports fan. Every major team sport is covered, and many interesting comparisons can be made especially between the North American League organization and the European-style promotion and relegation leagues. Golf, NASCAR, college athletics, women's sports, the Olympics, and even bowling are represented in these pages.
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Berrettini, Mark L. Interviews with Hal Hartley. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252035951.003.0002.
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This chapter presents two interviews of Hal Hartley. The first, conducted by Justin Wyatt, was originally published in the fall 1998 issue of Film Quarterly. The second, conducted by Robert Avila in 2007, originally appeared on SF360.org, the San Francisco Film Society's online magazine. Topics covered in these interviews include the darker tone of the film Henry Fool; Hartley's views about the label “independent” after being heralded as one of the most important voices in American independent cinema; whether the conflicted attitude toward technology and the corporate world seen in his films reflect his own ambivalence in these areas; whether he is concerned that his films may be straying too far to the side of self-consciousness and self-reflexivity; whether he sees a of Hollywood movies; and whether there are times when he finds writing difficult.
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Bernstein, Elliot R., ed. Chemical Reactions in Clusters. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195090048.001.0001.
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This book covers important new developments of the last five years in the area of cluster chemistry, presenting an excellent view of the successes and shortcomings of both current state-of-the-art theory and experiment. Each chapter, contributed by a leading expert, places heavy emphasis on theory without which the detailed analysis of the spectroscopic and kinetic results would be compromised. The cluster reactions reviewed in this work include electron and proton transfer reactions, hot atom reactions, vibrational predissociation, radical reactions, and ionic reactions. Some of the theories applied throughout the text are product state distribution determinations, state-to-state dynamical information, and access to the transition stage of the reaction. The discussions serve as a benchmark of how far the field has come since the mid 1980's and will be a good update for students and researchers interested in this area of physical chemistry.
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Kendler, Kenneth S. Introduction to “Pluralism, incommensurability, and scientific change”. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725978.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 is an introduction to Chapter 2, which covers views on the nature of scientific change (continuous or discontinuous; cumulative or revolutionary) and about the role of external considerations in science (corruptive or necessary), and how they depend on prior views about the nature of scientific knowledge. It sketches the principal epistemological ideas of logical empiricism, holism, and contextualism and outlines the attitudes toward change and external influence each licenses. The licensed attitudes are illustrated by reference to contemporary research on human aggression.
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Lillehammer, Grete. The History of the Archaeology of Childhood. Edited by Sally Crawford, Dawn M. Hadley, and Gillian Shepherd. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199670697.013.2.
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The archaeology of childhood challenges the mindset of the student and researcher, both in terms of collected archaeological material, and when they go out into the field to make hypotheses about where the settlements have been in the past, and who the people were who once lived there. In this chapter, the intention is not to present scientific results based on childhood studies over the years. It is to encourage the curiosity of everyone interested in searching for the innermost core of humanity and what it meant to become human in past societies. Different stages of childhood are covered, as well as the changing views of the innocence of children, and distinctiveness from adults.
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Focarelli, Dario. Can Insurance Companies Help More SMEs to Access Capital Markets? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815815.003.0015.
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SMEs account for more than half of business sector output and employment in Europe, and depend heavily on bank credit. The credit crunch following the recent recession was more severe for banks in countries under greater stress. With banks concentrating on raising additional capital, and handicapped by impaired assets, it is important to expand the sources of long-term funding for SMEs. This chapter reviews the obstacles to a more extensive use of the main market-based debt instruments for SME financing (securitization, covered bonds, small/mid-cap bonds, private placements), from the point of view of the insurance industry, in order to develop policy recommendations that are able to remove barriers without jeopardizing the insurance companies’ overall stability. These recommendations should be considered within the Capital Markets Union initiative, the ultimate success of which will be crucial in determining the future ability of insurers to finance SMEs and, more importantly, in achieving an integrated European financial system.
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Crisp, Roger. Prudential and Moral Reasons. Edited by Daniel Star. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199657889.013.35.
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This chapter concerns the relation between prudential (“self-regarding” or “self-interested”) reasons and moral reasons. It begins with definitions of these types of reasons, arguing that moral reasons be understood as those described in ineliminably moral terminology, before moving on to central current views on reasons, well-being, and what makes actions right or wrong. Forms of egoism are distinguished and some objections to normative egoism answered. Views egoists might take on morality are then discussed, including that of Thrasymachus in Plato’s Republic. The following section covers impartial views, including the extreme form found in utilitarianism. The chapter then outlines the range of “dualistic” positions available, in which reasons are grounded both in the good of the agent and in morality. It concludes with discussion of some recent work on the relation of prudential and moral reasons.
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Gupta, Avijit, ed. The Physical Geography of Southeast Asia. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199248025.001.0001.
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This will be the first comprehensive and detailed volume on the physical environment of Southeast Asia and will be essential reading for geographers, ecologists, and environmental managers. As the definitive reference work on the region it will cover all aspects of the biophysical environment and its current environmental problems and management practices. The topics discussed range from a regional view of landforms and vegetation to specific cases including urban environments, coral reefs, volcanic hazards, and the Mekong River Basin. The contributors are distinguished, scholarly, and have a long association with Southeast Asia.
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Tadman, Michael, Dave Roberts, and Mark Foulkes, eds. Oxford Handbook of Cancer Nursing. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198701101.001.0001.
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Taking a systematic approach to the main areas of cancer nursing practice, the Oxford Handbook of Cancer Nursing 2nd edition covers all aspects of cancer care. It guides the user from pre-diagnosis, through treatment, to issues of advanced disease and palliative care. It includes cancer biology, genetics and treatments, as well as new targeted and complementary therapies. It follows a patient-centred approach, with a greater emphasis on survivorship and living with cancer than the previous edition, to reflect changes in prognosis for many different cancers. It is fully updated to follow the current evidence-based research, and takes a multidisciplinary view of the subject.
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Shoemaker, David, ed. Oxford Studies in Agency and Responsibility Volume 4. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805601.001.0001.
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This fourth volume of Oxford Studies in Agency and Responsibility includes twelve new and original essays drawn from the third biennial New Orleans Workshop in Agency and Responsibility (NOWAR). The essays cover a wide range of topics relevant to agency and responsibility. Vida Yao discusses strong-willed akrasia. Kyle Fruh talks about what is involved in being a moral hero. Facundo Alonso discusses what it takes to intend to do something, with appeal to the notion of reliance. Paul Russell outlines his view of free will pessimism. Derk Pereboom discusses how regret and protest are relevant to his skeptical view of free will. Gunnar Bjornsson advocates an explanatory account of culpability. Sara Bernstein talks about degrees of causal responsibility. David Brink offers a new account of criminal attempts. Julia Driver discusses wronging and forgiveness. Manuel Vargas explores responsibility for implicit bias. Finally, George Tsai discusses forward-looking aspects of blame and how it pertains to respect.
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French, Kimberly A., and Ryan C. Johnson. A Retrospective Timeline of the Evolution of Work–Family Research. Edited by Tammy D. Allen and Lillian T. Eby. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199337538.013.2.
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This chapter provides a historic overview of the work–family field from the 1970s through today. Several reviews and timelines are compiled to identify themes throughout each time period. To supplement published resources, interviews with prominent work–family scholars were conducted to identify key trends and issues, and to obtain a more personal view into the lives of some of work–family’s most influential minds. The review covers a broad range of topics across time, including the evolution of societal trends and legislation, key organizations and foundations, popular topics, theoretical developments, and methodological techniques. The chapter concludes with the interviewed work–family scholars’ future visions for the work–family field.
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Clapham, Andrew. 7. Food, education, health, housing, and work. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198706168.003.0007.
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‘Human rights’ covers not only civil and political rights such as freedom from torture, slavery, and arbitrary detention, but also economic, social, and cultural rights. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for their health and well-being and the right to security. ‘Food, education, health, housing, and work’ considers these rights in turn, examining their place in a wider view of human rights, and the appropriate mechanisms for their enforcement. A main concern is that economic and social policy is best determined by policy makers who are democratically accountable, and not by unelected judges with no specialized knowledge of how to prioritize the distribution of limited resources.
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Gosden, Chris. Prehistory: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198803515.001.0001.
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Prehistory covers the period of some four million years before the start of written history, when our earliest ancestors, the Australopithecines, existed in Africa. Prehistory: A Very Short Introduction invites us to think about who we are by considering who we have been. There have been many archaeological discoveries over the last ten years, with a new framework for prehistory emerging. Greater understanding of Chinese and central Asian prehistory shows Eurasian prehistory in a different light, changing the traditional view of human progress around the invention of agriculture and development of cities. This VSI explores the new landscape of our prehistory, considering the way the different geographical locations weave together.
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Sidebotham, David, Alan Forbes Merry, Malcolm E. Legget, and I. Gavin Wright, eds. Practical Perioperative Transoesophageal Echocardiography. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759089.001.0001.
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Practical Perioperative Transoesophageal Echocardiography, 3rd edition, is a concise guide to the use of transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) for patients undergoing cardiac surgical and interventional cardiological procedures. The text is aimed at anaesthetists and cardiologists, particularly those in training and those preparing for examinations. Three-dimensional imaging is integrated throughout the text. New to the third edition are chapters on mitral valve repair, aortic valve repair, TOE in the interventional catheter laboratory, and TOE assessment of pericardial disease. The first three chapters address the fundamentals of ultrasound imaging: physical principles, artefacts, image optimization, and quantitative echocardiography. Chapters 4 and 5 cover standard views, anatomical variants, and cardiac masses. Chapters 6 and 7 address left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, respectively. The subsequent eight chapters form the core of the book and deal with the cardiac valves and the thoracic aorta. Emphasis is placed on those aspects relevant to cardiac surgery; therefore, the mitral and aortic valves are afforded particular prominence. The role of three-dimensional imaging for the mitral valve is highlighted. Chapter 17 covers the emerging role of TOE for patients undergoing procedures in the catheter laboratory and covers topics such as transcatheter aortic valve replacement and edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. Chapter 18 provides an overview of the common congenital abnormalities encountered in adults. Two chapters address the important subjects of thoracic transplantation and mechanical cardiorespiratory support. Finally, Chapter 21 brings many threads from previous chapters together to describe the role of TOE in assessing haemodynamic instability.
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Dietrich, Ann, ed. Pediatric Traumatic Emergencies. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190946623.001.0001.
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Part of the “What Do I Do Now?: Emergency Medicine” series, Pediatric Traumatic Emergencies uses a case-based approach to cover common and important topics in the examination, investigation, and management of injured children. Each chapter provides a discussion of the diagnosis, key points to remember, and selected references for further reading. Areas of controversy are clearly delineated with a discussion regarding evidence-based options and a balanced view of treatment and disposition decisions. The book addresses a wide range of topics including hemorrhage, chest trauma, abdominal marks, clavicle fractures, and more. Pediatric Traumatic Emergencies is an engaging collection of thought-provoking cases which clinicians can utilize when they encounter difficult pediatric patients. The volume is also a self-assessment tool that tests the reader’s ability to answer the question, “What do I do now?”
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Naticchia, Chris. Transparency and Executive Authority. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190922542.003.0011.
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This chapter will examine the extent (if any) to which sovereign power and executive authority may be justifiably exercised through secret laws. Generally speaking, social contract views reject such secrecy—insisting instead that laws must be public. In opposition to this apparent view of the social contract tradition, we have recent developments in the United States. These developments go beyond mere government attempts to classify information or to bar disclosure of intelligence-gathering methods or capabilities. They also include maintaining secrecy in the law through which the government exercises the authority it claims. For example, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court issues classified rulings, creating a body of secret law that determines, by implication, which surveillance activities are consistent, and which inconsistent, with the Fourth Amendment’s protection against unreasonable searches without a particularized warrant based on probable cause. This chapter will argue that the social contract tradition itself may contain resources for defending these sorts of actions. It will explore whether paternalistic principles, whose scope is determined through contractarian reasoning, might be able to account for some government secrecy that extends beyond classifying information and protecting intelligence methods and capabilities to maintaining secrecy in some governing laws themselves. The question would be whether such limited paternalism—limited to cases involving “infirmities” of our reason or will—may be justifiably expanded to cover cases where those infirmities are absent, but where typical citizens may simply be “squeamish” about the judgments that certain executive decisions require.
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Noblit, George W., ed. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods in Education. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780190643751.001.0001.
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99 entries The Oxford Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods in Education has brought together scholars from across the globe who use qualitative methods in their research to address the history, current uses, adaptations for specific knowledge domains and situations, and problematics that drive the methodology. This is the most comprehensive resource available on qualitative methods in education. For novice researchers, the Encyclopedia enables a broad view of the methods and how to enact them in the studies that early-career researchers may wish to conduct. For the experienced researcher, the range of approaches and adaptations covered enables the development of sophisticated methodological designs. For those who are qualitative research methodologists, this book reveals where the methodology has come from and where it is going. Methodologists can use these volumes to discern where new ideas and practices are needed, and provide the bases for new methodological works. For those who teach these methods, the Encyclopedia is an invaluable compendium that can be tapped for inclusion in courses and to enable the instructor to be able to quickly respond to specific student needs with high-quality methodological resources.
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Franco, Caroline Sant’Ana, Frederica Richter, Letícia Soster Arrosi, and Rafael Niebuhr Maia de Oliveira. Coletânea Direito da Moda. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-065-6.
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This book is a collection of articles, prepared for the 1st State Congress of Fashion Law in Santa Catarina, which took place in Brusque / SC in 2019. There are several topics addressed by the authors, since the Law of Fashion covers all spheres of law. Law and fashion are social elements, both linked to the Economy and the Market, where intellectual property has a strong presence. But, it is not only the intellectual property that should be known by the lawyer who seeks to act and research this segment. Fashion Law covers several spheres of law, which in this market are well intertwined, as you can study in this work. You will have contact with topics of intellectual property, contracts, Labor Law, among others, in order to be able to make a small immersion in the matter, whose view is always the fashion industry, one of the most powerful economic and market spheres today. Obviously, there will be subjects that you will prefer, however, an analysis of all of them in this collection will provide you with a broadening of horizons and a journey through the world of fashion law. Good reading!
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Misra, Girishwar, ed. Psychology: Volume 2. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199498857.001.0001.
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This survey of research on psychology in five volumes is a part of a series undertaken by the ICSSR since 1969, which covers various disciplines under social science. Volume Two of the survey, Individual and the Social: Processes and Issues, not only summarizes research in emerging areas of social psychology but also offers innovative theorization connecting self and collective. It considers a cultural and developmental perspective on the development of sociality in an interdisciplinary context. As revealed by the cross-cultural and cultural-psychological investigations, the meanings and practices constituting culture are critical to the way the notions of self and identity are formed and connect with social aspects of life. With this in view, the contributions to this volume focus on the developments in the study of personality formation and social psychological processes. Going beyond the prevailing individual-centric view, the seven chapters comprising this volume try to capture the developments in the study of personality, socialization, media influence, family dynamics, and religion from a social-psychological perspective. It also contextualizes the process of socialization in India. It analyses how discourses like family, religion, and media contribute to the psychological development of an individual as a member of the contemporary Indian society. It also integrates the different ways in which personality and identity are understood in contemporary psychological discourse. Additionally, it analyses the interdependence between the individual and the collective. Taken together, the contributors discuss prominent studies of processes and issues pertaining to the connection between the individual and his/her socio-cultural context.
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Roy, Goode, Kronke Herbert, and McKendrick Ewan, eds. Part II A View Through Illustrative Contracts and Harmonizing Instruments, 14 International Interests in Mobile Equipment and the Cape Town Convention and Aircraft Protocol: Adding a New Dimension to International Lawmaking. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198735441.003.0015.
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This chapter is devoted to the 2001 Cape Town Convention on international interests in mobile equipment and its associated Aircraft Protocol sponsored by UNIDROIT and ICAO. Both instruments have secured a large number of ratifications. Their 99 provisions cover a wide range of issues relating to security and quasi-security interests in aircraft objects, railway rolling stock and space assets. The chapter examines the principles underlying the Convention, its sphere of application, the default remedies, the provisions relating to the International Registry for the registration of international interests and sales and the priority rules based on the order of registration. Key features of the overriding provisions of the Aircraft Protocol are also identified, including strong creditors' remedies in the event of the debtor's insolvency, remedies which are considered a key features in reducing the risks and costs of aviation finance.
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Krauzlis, Richard J. Attentional Functions of the Superior Colliculus. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.014.
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The superior colliculus (SC) plays an important role in both overt and covert attention. In primates, the SC is well known to be a central component of the motor pathways that orient the eyes and head to important objects in the environment. Accordingly, neurons in the SC show enhanced responses that will be the target of orienting movements, compared to stimuli that will be ignored. Single-neuron recordings in the SC have revealed a variety of attention-related effects, including changes in activity related to bottom-up and top-down attention, attention capture, and inhibition of return. These findings support the view of the SC as a priority map that represents the location of important objects in the visual environment. Manipulation of SC activity by electrical microstimulation and chemical inactivation shows that the SC is not simply a recipient of attention-related effects, but plays a causal role in these processes. In particular, activity in the SC plays a major role in the selection of targets for saccades, and also for pursuit eye movements and movements of the hand. Moreover, activity in the SC is important not only for the control of overt attention, but also plays a crucial role in covert attention—the processing of visual signals for perceptual judgements even in the absence of orienting movements. The mechanisms mediating the role of the SC in the control of covert attention are not yet known, but current models emphasize interactions between the SC and areas of the cerebral cortex.
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Baer, Tomas, and William L. Hase. Unimolecular Reaction Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195074949.001.0001.
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This book provides a penetrating and comprehensive description of energy selected reactions from a theoretical as well as experimental view. Three major aspects of unimolecular reactions involving the preparation of the reactants in selected energy states, the rate of dissociation of the activated molecule, and the partitioning of the excess energy among the final products, are fully discussed with the aid of 175 illustrations and over 1,000 references, most from the recent literature. Examples of both neutral and ionic reactions are presented. Many of the difficult topics are discussed at several levels of sophistication to allow access by novices as well as experts. Among the topics covered for the first time in monograph form is a discussion of highly excited vibrational/rotational states and intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution. Problems associated with the application of RRKM theory are discussed with the aid of experimental examples. Detailed comparisons are also made between different statistical models of unimolecular decomposition. Both quantum and classical models not based on statistical assumptions are described. Finally, a chapter devoted to the theory of product energy distribution includes the application of phase space theory to the dissociation of small and large clusters. The work will be welcomed as a valuable resource by practicing researchers and graduate students in physical chemistry, and those involved in the study of chemical reaction dynamics.
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Lloyd, S. A. Locating Sovereignty in Systems of Divided and Limited Government. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190922542.003.0007.
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Thomas Hobbes famously mounted a regress argument intended to show that unless sovereignty is undivided and unlimited, stable and effective government is impossible. This chapter examines the implications of that argument for complex systems of government such as that of the United States and makes the case that such systems may evade the dilemma Hobbes poses if they are determinately rule-governed. The discussion covers such elements of Hobbes’s view as the sovereign as an artificial person, the puzzle of the sovereign assembly, Hobbes’s arguments against both divided sovereignty and limited sovereignty, and the location of sovereignty in complex systems. It also notes that enforcement power must follow the location of decision authority, and asks who bears moral responsibility for the sovereign’s actions in complex systems.
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Figone, Albert J. Winning in Smaller Ways. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037283.003.0007.
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This chapter covers the 1978–79 Boston College basketball scandal, which involved a case of game fixing that notably implicated not only three Boston College players, but members of an organized crime syndicate as well. The Boston College scandal illustrated that even after decades of investigations and prosecutions, gamblers and fixers could still use vulnerable college athletes to manipulate the outcome of games. These players were willing to expose themselves to danger and to compromise their futures for relatively small sums of money. The NCAA's failure to investigate gambling in the late 1970s reinforces the view of critics who argue that the organization's primary goal has been to convince the public that college sports are uncorrupted by professionalization and commercialization.
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Attems, Johannes, and Kurt A. Jellinger. Neuropathology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199644957.003.0006.
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This chapter describes the main neuropathological features of the most common age associated neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies as well as other less frequent ones such as multiple system atrophy, Pick's disease, corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, argyrophilic grain disease, neurofibrillary tangle dominant dementia, frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology and Huntington's disease. Likewise cerebral amyloid angiopathy, hippocampal sclerosis, vascular dementia and prion diseases are described. A main aim of this chapter is to assist the reader in interpreting neuropathological reports, hence criteria for the neuropathological classifications of the major diseases are provided. One section covers general considerations on neurodegeneration and basic pathophysiological mechanisms of tau, amyloid-β, α-synuclein, TDP-43 and prions are briefly described in the sections on the respective diseases. Finally, one section is dedicated to cerebral multimorbidity and we give a view on currently emerging neuropathological methods.
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Reutlinger, Alexander. Extending the Counterfactual Theory of Explanation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777946.003.0005.
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In the recent debate on explanation philosophers tend to agree that the natural and social sciences do not only provide causal but also non-causal explanations. It is a challenging aspect of this agreement that currently dominant causal accounts of explanation fail to cover non-causal types of explanation. So, how shall we react to this challenge? The goal of this chapter is to articulate and to extend the counterfactual theory of explanation (CTE). The CTE is a monist account of explanation. Monism is the view that there is one single philosophical account capturing both causal and non-causal explanations. According to the CTE, both causal and non-causal explanations are explanatory by virtue of revealing counterfactual dependencies between the explanandum and the explanans.
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Bloomer, Kristin C. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190615093.003.0010.
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This chapter begins with the ordination of Dhanam’s son and pans out to compare all three women. Aananthan is ordained in Mātāpuram, with the bishop of Meerut (Agra) presiding. The ritual offers a bottom-up view of the interdependent power relations within hegemonic orders such as the Roman Catholic Church in village India, and the Church’s relation to Brahmanical and non-Brahmanical Hindu authority. Marian possession is investigated as covert activity and agency. Meanwhile, Nancy’s marriage has tempered her possession activity and lends credence to interpretations that her possession allowed her to manipulate gender and familial roles. Rosalind’s following has grown and her family and community believe that Jecintho has consecrated the Eucharist. The many Marys of South India are compared to the Mary of the orthodox Roman Catholic Church. Final conclusions are presented, and the reader is taken to an intimate Mass in Dhanam’s natal village, presided over by her son.