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Journal articles on the topic 'Cowpea – Varieties – Burkina Faso'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Sombié, Pierre, Moussa Compaoré, Ahmed Coulibaly, Jeremy Ouédraogo, Jean-Baptiste Tignégré, and Martin Kiendrébéogo. "Antioxidant and Phytochemical Studies of 31 Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata (L. Walp.)) Genotypes from Burkina Faso." Foods 7, no. 9 (September 3, 2018): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods7090143.

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Antioxidant compounds of dietary plants have been widely studied because of their bioactive properties. The objective of this research study was to analyse the health enhancing attributes of 31 cowpeas varieties from Burkina Faso. Significant variations were observed in the phenolic content as well as the antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation activities amongst the cowpea varieties. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed that the ferric reducing ability (r = 0.954) and anti-lipid peroxidation (r = 0.616) were positively correlated with the total phenolic content. A significant relationship between cowpea ferric reducing ability and anti-lipid peroxidation (r = 0.64) was also revealed. However, nitric oxide scavenging potential was found not to be related to its total phenolic and total flavonoid content. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals scavenging potentials were not correlated with the total flavonoid content. The pigmented seeds of cowpea varieties possess higher total phenolic, total flavonoid content, ferric reduction ability, and anti-lipid peroxidation activities than the colourless ones. The results obtained from this study suggest that Burkina Faso cowpea cultivars are rich in phenolic compounds and have significant antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation activities. Consumption of the cowpea, particularly of coloured cowpea seed varieties, should be beneficial for chronic human diseases prevention.

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2

Metchebon Takougang, Stéphane Aimé, Naguiesmongho Christian Nana, Teyoure Benoît Joseph Batieno, and Blaise Somé. "Choosing the Best Cowpea Varieties Appropriate for the Central-Eastern Region of Burkina Faso using PROMETHEE Methods." European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 12, no. 4 (October 31, 2019): 1717–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v12i4.3555.

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Decisions on the choice of varieties to be planted in a region are delicate because they can have positive or negative long-term consequences on the economic, environmental and nutritional level of a country. For this reason, a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) based approach is proposed to conduct this choosing process. The proposed approach first of all makes it possible to identify alternatives, i.e. agricultural varieties, criteria with their weighting and evaluation process, in interaction with the stakeholders in the production-processing-consumption food chain. Afterward, PROMETHEE method (I and II) is used to aggregate the preference informations stemming from the structuring process and make it possible to choose the best agricultural varieties suitable for a given region. An Application for the selection of suitable cowpea varieties for the Central-Eastern region of Burkina Faso is made to demonstrate the implementation and effectiveness of our approach. As a result, the varieties KVx442-3-25SH (Komcallé) and Yiis-Yandé emerged as the best choices of suitable cowpea varieties for the Central-Eastern region of Burkina Faso

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3

Ouedraogo, Adelaїde P., Agyemang Danquah, Jean-Baptiste Tignegre, Benoit J. Batieno, Herve Bama, Dieudonne Ilboudo, Jeremy T. Ouedraogo, Jonathan N. Ayertey, and Kwadwo Ofori. "Participatory Rural Appraisal on Cowpea Production Constraints and Farmers’ Management Practices in Burkina Faso." Modern Applied Science 14, no. 11 (October 15, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v14n11p9.

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Success of cowpea cultivation requires a strong understanding of production constraints in order to overcome them. It is thus useful to know whether smallholder cowpea growers use modern or indigenous means to overcome these challenges. We completed a participatory rural appraisal (PRA) study to identify current cowpea production constraints and management practices in Burkina Faso. We interviewed 481 cowpea growers (219 women and 262 men) and used a mixed-method design of collecting both qualitative and quantitative data. The results showed that water scarcity, damage due to insects, plant diseases, striga, lack of training, and marketing challenges are the main constraints to cowpea production. Among insects reducing cowpea yield, growers identified aphids as a major pest. However, growers often did not know the biology and incidence of insects in their fields. This study also identified local resistant cowpea varieties in various locations.

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4

Ishikawa, Haruki, Issa Drabo, Batieno B. Joseph, Satoru Muranaka, Christian Fatokun, and Ousmane Boukar. "Characteristics of farmers’ selection criteria for cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties differ between north and south regions of Burkina Faso." Experimental Agriculture 56, no. 1 (July 18, 2019): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447971900019x.

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SummaryComparative analysis of preferences and key criteria for selecting cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) varieties was conducted using the data collected from farmers’ participatory varietal selection (FPVS) activities conducted over 3 years with a total of 2401 farmers (1230 male and 1171 female) in 13 villages in Tougouri department in northern region and Tiéfora department in southern region of Burkina Faso in West Africa. Over the 3 years, farmer criteria for variety selection remained basically stable, but some variations among the regions and years were noticed. Grain yield was the most common and the most important criterion for farmers’ choice in both regions. Farmers in Tougouri (north) put more emphasis on early maturity (90%) and drought resistance (19.7%) as selection criteria than farmers in Tiéfora (south). Farmers in Tiéfora placed statistically significant importance on seed colour and plant type, while farmers in Tougouri did not, and for these selection criteria, there were only slight differences between genders in both areas. Results of stepwise multiple regression indicated that maturity and seed colour in the north, and seed size and seed colour in the south were the most important selection factors for farmers to select cowpea varieties. Improved varieties should have sufficiently good yield to be accepted, but other favoured traits may differ by target region as a reflection of local and regional market demands as well as deep-rooted cultural preferences. Understanding local and regional differences in selection criteria for cowpea varieties is necessary to improve the acceptance of newly released improved varieties. Preferences identified in the participatory activities could inform further development of cowpea breeding strategies for north and south regions of Burkina Faso.

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5

ZinmanKé, COULIBALY, BARRO Antoine, TIGNEGRE Jean-Baptiste, KIEBRE Zakaria, BATIENO Benoit Joseph, DIENI Zakaria, and NANAMA Joseph. "Évaluation des performances agronomiques de douze (12) variétés de niébé vert [Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.] au Burkina Faso." Journal of Applied Biosciences 153 (September 30, 2020): 15745–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.153.2.

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Objectif : La présente étude vise à une meilleure connaissance du niébé vert par l’évaluation des performances agronomiques de douze (12) variétés. Méthodologie et résultats : Les variétés ont été évaluées par douze (12) variables quantitatives dans un dispositif en bloc de Fisher avec trois (3) répétitions à l’INERA/Kamboinsé en 2018. L’étude a montré l’existence d’une grande variabilité agronomique au sein des variétés étudiées. Des corrélations positives et significatives ont été aussi observées entre les variables. L’Analyse en Composante Principale (ACP) des variables a permis d’identifier la date 50% floraison, le SPAD, la date niébé vert, la date 95% maturité, le nombre de graines par gousse, le poids gousses, le poids graines, le poids fanes, le rendement graines et fanes comme les paramètres les plus pertinents qui discriminent les variétés. La meilleure variété a été le niébé baguette grimpant qui possédait une date niébé vert (50 jours) et une maturité (63 jours) précoce. Conclusion et application des résultats : La variété IT83S-872 a été identifiée comme très productive en termes de gousses (77 gousses). La variété Komsaré a obtenu un rendement en graines (2,72 t/ha) et en fanes (3,20 t/ha) très appréciables. Cependant, la variété IT85F-2887 s’est montrée exceptionnelle, car en plus d’avoir une date de niébé (50 jours) vert et une maturité précoce (65 jours), elle a présenté un bon rendement en graines (2,63 t/ha) et le meilleur rendement en fanes (3,67 t/ha). Ces variétés précoces, productives en graines et en fourrage pourront être des substituts du haricot vert et contribuer efficacement à l’amélioration de la production du niébé au Burkina Faso. Mots clés : niébé vert, performances agronomiques, fourrage, Burkina Faso. Coulibaly et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Évaluation des performances agronomiques de douze (12) variétés de niébé vert [Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.] au Burkina Faso. 15746 ABSTRACT Objective: The present study aims to improve knowledge on vegetable cowpea through the assessment of agronomic performances of 12 varieties. Methodology and results: The varieties were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three (03) replications using 12 quantitative variables at the Kamboinsé research station 2018. The study revealed the existence of important agronomic variability within the studied varieties. Positive and significant correlations were also observed between variables. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified days to 50% flowering; the chlorophyll content (SPAD); days to vegetable cowpea; days to 95% maturity; number of seeds per pod, pods weight, seeds weight, fodder weight, seeds yield and fodder yield as the most relevant parameters. The best variety was niébé baguette grimpant, with the earliest days to vegetable cowpea (50 days) and days to maturity (63 days). Conclusion and application of results: The variety IT83S-872 has been identified as the highest pods productive (77 pods). The variety Komsare recorded a very appreciable seeds (2.72 t/ha) and fodder (3.20 t/ha) yield. However, the variety IT85F-2887 was exceptional, in addition to its earliness for days to vegetable cowpea (50 days) and days to maturity (65 days), it recorded the best seeds (2.63 t/ha) and fodder (3.67 t/ha) yields. These early maturing, high seeds and fodder producing varieties, could substitute common beans and effectively contribute to the improvement of cowpea production in Burkina Faso. Key words: Vegetable cowpea, agronomic performance, fodder, Burkina Faso.

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6

Sombie, Pierre A. E. D., Ibrahim Ouedraogo, Jean Baptiste D. L. S. Tignegré, Adama Hilou, Tinga J. Ouedraogo, and Martin Kiendrébéogo. "Genotypic Variation of Mineral Elements and Phytate Levels of Thirty Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Varieties Cultivated in Burkina Faso." Journal of Food Chemistry and Nutrition 6, no. 1 (July 15, 2018): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/jfcn.006.01.2343.

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Cowpea is consumed as a staple food in many developing countries. The present study was undertaken to determine the variation in mineral elements and phytate concentrations in 30 cowpeas seeds varieties consumed in Burkina Faso. The composition of the thirty cowpeas seeds in total mineral varies from 5.08 % ± 0.00 to 3.55 % ± 0.08. The genotype CR06-07 showed the high content of total mineral (ashes) and the genotype Kondesyoungo local, the low content of ashes. IT81D-994 showed the high content of iron (7.07 ± 0.057 mg/100g of seeds dw), zinc (4.42 ± 0.012 mg/100 g of seeds dw), magnesium (239.80 ± 1.192 mg/100 g of seeds dw), calcium (123.39 ± 2.31 mg /100 g of seeds dw) and potassium (1201.97 ± 25.66 mg/100 g of seeds dw). Na and Se levels in the seeds showed about 4.5-fold and 7.6-fold variations between the cowpeas varieties. The genotype komcallé showed the high content of sodium (5.45 ± 0.20 mg/100 g of seeds dw) and the genotype KVx 414-22-2 had the high content of selenium (0.006 ± 0.0002 mg/100 g of seeds dw). The phytate content of the cowpeas genotypes varied from 555.61 ± 7.48 for TVU 14676 to 13.50 ± 1.14 mg/100 g of seeds dw for KVx 30-309-6G. The [Phy]/[Fe], [Phy]/[Zn], [Phy]/[Ca] and [Phy] x [Ca]/[Zn] ratios showed that the phytate content might compromise the Fe, Zn and Ca bioavailability in some cowpeas varieties. This study indicates that the cowpeas varieties might be considered as mineral source suitable for animal and human consumption.

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7

Traoré, Hamidou, Albert Barro, Djibril Yonli, Zachary Stewart, and Vara Prasad. "Water Conservation Methods and Cropping Systems for Increased Productivity and Economic Resilience in Burkina Faso." Water 12, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12040976.

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Resilience of smallholder farmers in their ability to bounce-back and overcome shocks, such as drought, is critical to ensure a pathway out of hunger and poverty. Efficient water conservation methods that increase rainwater capture and reduce soil erosion such as stone lines and grass bands are two technologies that have been proposed to increase the resilience in Sudano–Sahelian farming systems. In Burkina Faso, we show that stone lines, grass bands, and crop rotation are effective resilience strategies individually and in combination. During years when rainfall is well-distributed over time, differences are minimal between fields with water conservation methods and fields without. However, when there are periods of prolonged drought, water conservation methods are effective for increasing soil water, yield, revenue, and resilience. During drought conditions, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) grain yield and revenue with stone lines and grass bands were over 50% greater than that of the control, by an average of 450 kg ha−1, which amounted to an increase of 58,500 West African CFA franc (CFA) ha−1 (i.e., 98 USD ha−1). The results also suggest that the combination of water conservation method and crop rotation additionally improves cropping system productivity and revenue. Growing cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) in rotation with sorghum production provided more options for farmers to increase their income and access to nutrition. This study also sheds light on the limited productivity gains due to improved crop varieties. The local sorghum landrace, Nongomsoba, and the local cowpea variety in rotation resulted in the highest yields as compared to the improved varieties of Sariaso 14 sorghum and KVX 396-4-4 cowpea. Under similar low input/degraded conditions, improved crop varieties likely are not a suitable resilience strategy alone. We conclude that during erratic rainy seasons with frequent periods of drought (i.e., water stress) in rain-fed conditions in Burkina Faso, stone lines or grass bands in combination with sorghum and cowpea rotation are effective practices for increasing resilience of smallholder farmers to maintain crop productivity and revenue. With future and present increases in climate variability due to climate change, stone lines, grass bands, and crop rotation will have growing importance as resilience strategies to buffer crop productivity and revenue during periods of drought.

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8

Dieni, Zakaria, Jean-Baptiste De La Salle Tignegre, Benoit T. Joseph Batieno, Felicien W. M. Serge Zida, and Abdou Kader Congo. "Inheritance and Allelic Relationships of Alectra vogelii Benth. Resistance Genes in Cowpea Genotypes B301 and KVx414-22-2." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 8 (July 15, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n8p10.

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Alectra vogelii Benth. is the second most important parasitic weed in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] production in Burkina Faso. Several resistant varieties to this weed have been identified in the country among which are B301 and KVx414-22-2. The inheritance and allelic relationships of the resistance genes in the two varieties have not been studied with A. vogelii strains in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance and allelic relationship of the resistance genes in B301 and KVx414-22-2. To determine the inheritance of the genes for resistance, the resistant varieties (B301 and KVx414-22-2) were each crossed to a susceptible variety IT82D-849 to generate F1 and F2 populations. For the allelic relationship study the two resistant genotypes were crossed among themselves to generate F1 and F2 offspring. The parents and their F1 and F2 progenies were screened in artificially infested pots with Alectra seed in a screen house at Kamboinsé Research Station in Burkina Faso. Resistance/susceptibility of genotypes was assessed by recording the number of emerged Alectra shoots. The data were subjected to the Chi-Square goodness-of-fit test for one, two and three genes segregation ratios. The results revealed that two independent dominant genes confer resistance in the variety B301 and a single dominant gene confers resistance in variety KVx414-22-2. The single dominant gene in KVx414-22-2 is non-allelic to the two genes in B301. The two resistance genes in variety B301 have already been named Rav1 and Rav2 whilst Rav3 is the name of the resistance gene in variety IT81D-994. Therefore, we propose the symbol Rav4 as the name for the resistance gene in variety KVx414-22-2.

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9

Barry, Silamana. "The Socio-economic and Institutional Determinants of Adoption of Improved Cowpea Varieties in Northern Burkina Faso." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 14, no. 2 (January 10, 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2016/30029.

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10

ISHIKAWA, Haruki, Issa DRABO, Ousmane BOUKAR, Christian FATOKUN, and Satoru MURANAKA. "Comparative Analysis of Farmers’ Selection Criteria for Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Varieties in Niger and Burkina Faso." Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly: JARQ 53, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.6090/jarq.53.159.

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11

Neya, B. J., P. E. Zida, D. Sereme, O. S. Lund, and O. Traore. "Evaluation of Yield Losses Caused by Cowpea Aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) in 21 Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Varieties in Burkina Faso." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 18, no. 7 (September 15, 2015): 304–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2015.304.313.

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12

Barro, Antoine, Zakaria Kiebre, Pauline Bationo-Kando, Jean Baptiste De La Salle Tignegre, Téyouré Benoit Joseph Batieno, Félicien Marie Serge Zida, and Mahamadou Sawadogo. "Selection and validation of marker set for selection of resistant varieties of cowpea to Cowpea Aphid-borne Mosaic Virus (CABMV) in Burkina Faso." Journal of Applied Biosciences 128, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 12953. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jab.v128i1.8.

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13

Barro, Antoine, Téyouré Benoit Joseph Batieno, Nerbéwendé Sawadogo, Jean Baptiste De La Salle Tignegre, Kiswendsida Romaric Nanema, Renan Ernest Traore, and Mahamadou Sawadogo. "Resistance evaluation of five varieties of cowpea and their F1 descendants from a diallel crossing to cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus in Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 12, no. 2 (August 17, 2018): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v12i2.5.

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14

Joseph, Nanama, Barro Antoine, Batieno Benoit Joseph, Dieni Zakaria, Kiebre Zakaria, Coulibaly Zinmanké, and Sawadogo Mahamadou. "Genetic Study of the Resistance of Twelve (12) Varieties of Vegetable Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ] to Cowpea Aphid- Borne Mosaic Virus, Burkina FASO." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (November 10, 2020): 2032–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.911.242.

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15

., Sanon Antoine, Dabire Clementine ., Ouedraogo Albert Pat ., and Huignard Jacques . "Field Occurrence of Bruchid Pests of Cowpea and Associated Parasitoids in a Sub Humid Zone of Burkina Faso: Importance on the Infestation of Two Cowpea Varieties at Harvest." Plant Pathology Journal 4, no. 1 (December 15, 2005): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ppj.2005.14.20.

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Idriss, Serme, Maman Nouri, Garba Maman, Gonda Abdoul, Ouattara Korodjouma, and Wortmann Charles. "Cowpea response to nutrient application in Burkina Faso and Niger." African Journal of Agricultural Research 13, no. 30 (July 26, 2018): 1508–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2018.13207.

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17

Palanga, Essowè, Darren P. Martin, Serge Galzi, Jean Zabré, Zakaria Bouda, James Bouma Neya, Mahamadou Sawadogo, et al. "Complete genome sequences of cowpea polerovirus 1 and cowpea polerovirus 2 infecting cowpea plants in Burkina Faso." Archives of Virology 162, no. 7 (March 23, 2017): 2149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-017-3327-z.

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Ouedraogo, Jean, Idriss Serme, Désiré Jean Pascal Lompo, Sogo Bassirou Sanon, and Korodjouma Ouattara. "Cowpea Response to Two Organic Fertilizers in the Nord Sudan Zone of Burkina Faso." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n2p95.

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The Intensification of cowpea production is a priority because of its role in household income generation and its contribution to food security. To evaluate the effect of organic fertilizers on cowpea productivity, a dispersed block experiment design was set up in Saria in the semi-arid zone of Burkina Faso during the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. The combination of Biodeposit (Agro and Elixir) and Organova were used alone or in combination with mineral fertilizer. The results showed that during the two years, the highest cowpea grain yields were obtained with the Organova + the recommended mineral fertilizer and Biodeposit Agro + the recommended mineral fertilizer. The combination of organic fertilizers and recommended mineral fertilizer resulted in a 45% and 59% increase respectively with Organova and Biodeposit (Agro + Elixir). These two fertilizers then have the same effects on cowpea productivity. In the semi-arid zone where there is competition for organic resources, organic fertilizers can be used in combination with mineral fertilizer to improve cowpea productivity.

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MULEBA, N. "Effects of cowpea, crotalaria and sorghum crops and phosphorus fertilizers on maize productivity in semi-arid West Africa." Journal of Agricultural Science 132, no. 1 (February 1999): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859698006182.

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Cowpea and sorghum grain crops, fertilized with 26 kg of phosphorus (P) per ha from either a P-soluble (SP) or a slightly P-soluble fertilizer (Kodjari, a natural rock phosphate (RP) indigenous to Burkina Faso), and cowpea and crotalaria (Crotalaria retusa) green manure crops, either unfertilized or fertilized with 26 kg P/ha from RP; were studied for their effects as preceding crop treatments for maize. The experiment was conducted in semi-arid West Africa (SAWA) at Farako-Bâ in Burkina Faso in 1983–86. Nitrogen (N) and soluble P fertilized and unfertilized subtreatments, applied to maize the following year, allowed the effects of the preceding crop treatments in improving soil fertility and the direct effects of P and N fertilizers applied to the maize crop to be assessed. Maize productivity was increased both by P fertilization and by soil improvements following cowpea and crotalaria; N fertilization in excess of 60 kg N/ha was not beneficial. Cowpea grain crop treatments, especially when fertilized with a P-soluble source, maximized maize yields, whereas cowpea and crotalaria green manure treatments were either similar to the cowpea grain treatment fertilized with RP or were intermediate between the latter and the sorghum treatment fertilized with SP. Sorghum, regardless of the source of P-fertilizer used, appeared not to be a suitable preceding crop for maize in SAWA.

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20

Stephen, Coulibaly Z. C. T., Noufe Tiatite, Pale Siebou, Yonli Djibril, Prasad P. V. Vara, Zachary P. Stewart, Mason C. Stephen, Traore Hamidou, and Fofana Souleymane. "Economic Performance of Soil and Water Conservation Practicesin Burkina Faso." Research in Agriculture 4, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): p38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ra.v4n1p38.

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The continuous degradation of agroecosystems is a major concern for Sub-Saharan African countries, particularly Burkina Faso. To fight against this problem, various research projects and programs have implemented Soil and Water Conservation practices (SWC) in Northern Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to assess the economic performance of stone rows, grass strips, zaï, filtering dikes, half-moons and agroforestry on agricultural production in this part of Burkina Faso. Stochastic Frontier Analysis was used to estimate SWC’s technical efficiency. Results indicated that the cost for SWC construction did not influence white sorghum and pearl millet yield. However, an increase of 1% in the investment for SWC implementation results in a 0.42% increase in groundnut yield and 0.19% in cowpea yield. Although, the half-moon technique had a positive effect on the farmer’s technical efficiency, the effects of stone rows, filtering dikes, zaï and grass strips were not significant. Given the tremendous efforts that farmers develop to implement these anti-erosion practices, one recommendation is that policy makers strengthen the technical, financial and equipment supports to farmers for efficient implementation of SWC techniques to ensure sustainability of agricultural production systems in Northern Burkina Faso.

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Zacharie, Segda, P. Yameogo Louis, Sie Moussa, B. Bado Vincent, and Mando A. "Nitrogen use efficiency by selected NERICA varieties in Burkina Faso." African Journal of Agricultural Research 9, no. 15 (April 10, 2014): 1172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2013.8383.

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22

Haro, Hadou, Kadidia Semdé, Kadidiata Bahadio, and Souleymane Ganaba. "Mycorrhizal Inoculation Effect on the Forage Cowpea Biomass Production in Burkina Faso." American Journal of Plant Sciences 11, no. 11 (2020): 1714–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2020.1111123.

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Haro, Hadou, Kadidia B. Sanon, Christine Le Roux, Robin Duponnois, and Alfred S. Traoré. "Improvement of cowpea productivity by rhizobial and mycorrhizal inoculation in Burkina Faso." Symbiosis 74, no. 2 (June 6, 2017): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13199-017-0478-3.

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24

Traore, Oumarou, Issa Wonni, Fousseni Boro, Etienne Somtore, Cyril Tinlé Zombré, Oumarou Zoéyandé Dianda, Emmanuel Wicker, Paul Ilboudo, Léonard Somgnogdin Ouedraogo, and Irénée Somda. "Evaluation of the 19 varieties and accessions of tomato against bacterial wilt in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 8 (December 9, 2020): 2870–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i8.17.

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Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum E. F. Smith is one of the most harmful phytobacteriosis in the world. The search for varieties resistant or tolerant to this disease is the main method of control. However, there is very little information on tomato accessions and varieties deemed resistant or tolerant to the disease in Burkina Faso, hence the resistance assessment of 19 tomato varieties and accessions in the field in order to improve the productivity of tomatoes in Burkina Faso. With respect to varietal screening, a completely randomized Fisher block was used and agromorphological parameters were evaluated. The evaluation has shown that CRA 66, F1 Platinum, NC72TR4-4, Hawaii 7996, BF-Okitsu and FBT4 are more resistant with respective incidences of 1.25%; 1.25; 1.47%; 2.50%; 2.95% and 4.37%; while L390 was the most sensitive (38.80%). In terms of production, F1 Platinum, F1 Mongal, FBT3 and FBT4 gave the best net yields of 25.85; 25.47; 20.6 and 20.34 tonnes.ha-1. On the other hand, some accessions (CRA66 and BF-Okitsu), which are less sensitive to the pathogen, gave derisory yields. In view of the results obtained, market gardeners in the city of Bobo-Dioulasso can be advised of INERA varieties FBT3 and FBT4 and the F1 Platinum and F1 Mongal hybrids for their good behavior in terms of resistance to the disease and/or of correct yield in infected soils.Keywords: Burkina Faso, R. solanacearum, tomato, varietal resistance

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Hamadou, Sidibé, Batiéno Benoit Joseph, Tignigré Jean Baptiste De La Salle, Kusi Francis, Ouédraogo Tinga Jeremy, and Sawadogo Mahamadou. "Screening Twenty Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Genotypes for Resistance to Thrips (Megalurothrips sjöstedti) in Burkina Faso." Journal of Agricultural Studies 6, no. 4 (November 26, 2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v6i4.13964.

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Losses caused by flower thrips in cowpea are important. These pests can cause from 60% to total crop yield loss. There is, therefore , an urgent need to address this issue. This work has been undertaken to identify sources of resistance to thrips in cowpea. Twenty cowpea genotypes were screened at Kamboinsé research station under improve netting in pots. The number of aborted flowers per line, the percentage of damage to flowers and stipules, and the number of thrips per genotype were evaluated. The results revealed the existence of six genotype of cowpea resistant to thrips. Among these genotypes three are already known thrips resistant lines (TVU1509, TVx3236 and Sanzi). Moreover, Sanzi showed interesting potentialities that maybe exploited. The new identified lines are Nafi, variety popularized in 2012 and variety KVx780-3 which is being popularized. The KVx165-14-1 (old popular variety) showed sources of tolerances while the KN1 genotype was susceptible to thrips. In another hand, all the wild genotypes showed high susceptibility to thrips.

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Bernard SAWADOGO, R., K. Marie-Laure GUISSOU, S. NANKONE, E. SAWADOGO /COMPAORE, and M. B. ZAGRE. "Prospecting and collecting local groundnut ecotypes in three regions of Burkina Faso." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 44.1 (April 30, 2020): 7591–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v44-1.5.

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This study aimed to understand the social environment of groundnut production in Burkina Faso. The prospecting was carried out in three regions of Burkina Faso, namely the Central-East, the Central-North, and the Central-West Regions. Data were collected through direct observations and individual interviews using a questionnaire guide. At the end of this study, five (05) local ecotypes were collected which varied according to the ethnic group. These were Mayoro, zampou, dalga in Bissa ethnic group and Balolé, Wobgo in Mooré ethnic group. It appeared that groundnuts are mainly grown by women in small areas and these local ecotypes are disappearing progressively in favour of improved varieties developed by INERA (SH470P, QH243C). Research efforts for an agro-morphological and molecular genetic characterization of local varieties are necessary to facilitate their conservation.

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Ibro, Germaine, Marie Claire Sorgho, Amina Aminu Idris, Bokar Moussa, Dieudonné Baributsa, and J. Lowenberg-DeBoer. "Adoption of cowpea hermetic storage by women in Nigeria, Niger and Burkina Faso." Journal of Stored Products Research 58 (July 2014): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2014.02.007.

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Palanga, Essowè, Denis Filloux, Darren P. Martin, Emmanuel Fernandez, Daniel Gargani, Romain Ferdinand, Jean Zabré, et al. "Metagenomic-Based Screening and Molecular Characterization of Cowpea-Infecting Viruses in Burkina Faso." PLOS ONE 11, no. 10 (October 20, 2016): e0165188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165188.

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Nikiema, S. Zara, Jacob Sanou, Banse Ouedraogo, Vernon Gracen, B. Pangirayi Tongoona, and Samuel Offei Kwame. "Genetic diversity of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) accessions from thirteen regions of Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 5 (September 14, 2020): 1547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i5.5.

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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a staple food crop for West African countries in general and Burkina Faso in particular. It is mainly grown by small holder farmers for their livelihoods. They grow their landraces which is a mixture of more than two varieties. Unfortunately, the yields of farmer varieties are low compared to improved ones bred by sorghum breeders with the potential up to 3t/ha. The objective of the study was to identify the genetic diversity between improved varieties released by research institutions and farmer accessions at the molecular level. DNA sample were collected from hundred and twenty-three accessions collected from thirteen regions of Burkina Faso. DNA samples were successfully genotyped using a multiplexed complex of 28 microsatellites DNA markers for 110 genotypes. The sorghum genotypes comprised of Guinea, Caudatum and Guinea-Caudatum races. Farmer varieties were defined mainly in Guinea and Guinea-Caudatum races while the improved varieties were mainly Caudatum races. The inbreeding level FIS (the inbreeding level within a given population) for each group improved, farmer varieties varied between -1 <FIS>1. This shows the autogenous nature of sorghum varieties. Breeding schemes can therefore be designed for improvement of farmer preferred varieties.Keywords: Sorghum Microsatellites, Guinea, Caudatum, Yield, Landraces

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Barro, Antoine, Benoit Joseph Batieno, Jean-Baptiste Tignegre, Zakaria Dieni, Hamadou Sidibe, and Mahamadou Sawadogo. "Diallel analysis of cowpea populations for resistance to Cowpea aphid-born mosaic virus disease (CABMV) in Burkina Faso." Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 9, no. 7 (July 31, 2017): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jpbcs2016.0628.

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MULEBA, N., and M. COULIBALY. "Effects of phosphorus fertilizer sources on cowpea and subsequent cereal crop productivity in semi-arid West Africa." Journal of Agricultural Science 132, no. 1 (February 1999): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859698006170.

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A natural rock phosphate, ‘Kodjari” (RP), sparingly soluble, indigenous to Burkina Faso, and a commercial single superphosphate (SSP) fertilizer were studied at Farako-Bâ in the Northern Guinea Savannah (NGS) and at Oipasse in the Sudan Savannah (SS) regions of Burkina Faso. A 3-year crop sequence either of cowpea, maize and sorghum or of cowpea, sorghum and sorghum was used, respectively, in the NGS and SS regions. The sorghum crop in the third year was not fertilized with any phosphorus (P) source. The objectives of the research were to study the direct and residual effects of the P fertilizers on soil fertility improvement in order to boost agricultural productivity in both regions.Cowpea daylength-insensitive cultivars, in both regions, and maize and sorghum in the NGS and SS regions, respectively, responded more strongly to SSP than to RP fertilizer treatments. The optimum rate of SSP and RP source was 21·8 kg P/ha and 43·6 kg P/ha, respectively, for cowpea in both regions. The optimum rates of phosphorus fertilizer applied in the second year to maize in the NGS and to sorghum in the SS region, in addition to the optimum rate of P applied to cowpea the previous year, was 10·9 kg P/ha of SSP or 43·6 kg P/ha of RP, and 21·8 kg P/ha of SSP or 43·6 kg P/ha of RP, respectively. Both P sources had significant residual effects for up to 2 years. The agronomic effectiveness of RP relative to SSP, in the year of application of both fertilizers, was greater for cowpea than for maize in the NGS region and similar for cowpea and sorghum in the SS region; it increased markedly for the two subsequent cereal crops in both regions. Cowpea fertilization with both P sources proved, therefore, to be effective in improving the soil fertility and boosting the productivity of cereal crops in the 3-year crop sequence.

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Gilles, I. Thio, P. Zida Elisabeth, B. Neya Fidele, T. B. Batieno Joseph, B. Neya James, Sawadogo Mahamadou, and Sereme Paco. "Differential reaction of cowpea genotypes to brown blotch disease (Colletotrichum capsici) in Burkina Faso." African Journal of Agricultural Research 12, no. 36 (September 7, 2017): 2773–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2017.12554.

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Antoine, Barro, Tignegre Jean Baptiste De La Salle, Kiebre Zakaria, Drabo Issa, and Sawadogo Mahamadou. "Identification of Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers Linked to Cowpea Resistance to Cowpea Aphid Borne Mosaic Virus (CABMV) in Burkina Faso." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 5, no. 6 (June 10, 2016): 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.506.046.

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Rouamba, Armel, Hussein Shimelis, Inoussa Drabo, Mark Laing, Prakash Gangashetty, Isack Mathew, Emmanuel Mrema, and Admire Isaac Tichafa Shayanowako. "Constraints to Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) Production and Farmers’ Approaches to Striga hermonthica Management in Burkina Faso." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 29, 2021): 8460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158460.

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Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a staple food crop in Burkina Faso that is widely grown in the Sahelian and Sudano-Sahelian zones, characterised by poor soil conditions and erratic rainfall, and high temperatures. The objective of this study was to document farmers’ perceptions of the prevailing constraints affecting pearl millet production and related approaches to manage the parasitic weeds S. hermonthica. The study was conducted in the Sahel, Sudano-Sahelian zones in the North, North Central, West Central, Central Plateau, and South Central of Burkina Faso. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and focus group discussions involving 492 participant farmers. Recurrent drought, S. hermonthica infestation, shortage of labour, lack of fertilisers, lack of cash, and the use of low-yielding varieties were the main challenges hindering pearl millet production in the study areas. The majority of the respondents (40%) ranked S. hermonthica infestation as the primary constraint affecting pearl millet production. Respondent farmers reported yield losses of up to 80% due to S. hermonthica infestation. 61.4% of the respondents in the study areas had achieved a mean pearl millet yields of <1 t/ha. Poor access and the high cost of introduced seed, and a lack of farmers preferred traits in the existing introduced pearl millet varieties were the main reasons for their low adoption, as reported by 32% of respondents. S. hermonthica management options in pearl millet production fields included moisture conservation using terraces, manual hoeing, hand weeding, use of microplots locally referred to as ‘zaï’, crop rotation and mulching. These management techniques were ineffective because they do not suppress the below ground S. hermonthica seed, and they are difficult to implement. Integrated management practices employing breeding for S. hermonthica resistant varieties with the aforementioned control measures could offer a sustainable solution for S. hermonthica management and improved pearl millet productivity in Burkina Faso.

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Barry, Silamana. "The determinants of adoption of improved varieties of sesame in northern Burkina Faso." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 6, no. 9 (September 2016): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2016.6.9/1005.9.163.173.

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36

Teyioué, Benoit Joseph Batieno, Souleymane Oumarou, Tignegre Jean-Baptiste, Huynh Bao-Lam, Kusi Francis, Leandre Poda S., J, Close Timothy, et al. "Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based genetic diversity in a set of Burkina Faso cowpea germplasm." African Journal of Agricultural Research 13, no. 19 (May 10, 2018): 978–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2018.13121.

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Zongo, J. O., R. K. Stewart, and C. Vincent. "Influence of intercropping: spider fauna in pure sorghum and intercropped sorghum-cowpea in Burkina Faso." Journal of Applied Entomology 116, no. 1-5 (January 12, 1993): 412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1993.tb01215.x.

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38

Nikiema, Apollinaire R., and Takeshi Sakurai. "Asymmetry in Transaction Costs and Price Transmission: The Case of Cowpea Market in Burkina Faso." Japanese Journal of Agricultural Economics 22 (March 31, 2020): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18480/jjae.22.0_89.

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39

Bourgou, Larbouga, Windpouiré Vianney Tarpaga, Sidiki K. Diane, and Denys Sanfo. "Evaluation et sélection d’une variété de cotonnier (FK64, Gossypium hirsutum L.) au Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 3 (June 18, 2020): 869–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i3.18.

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Le coton du Burkina Faso est presqu’entièrement exporté ; les variétés cultivées doivent régulièrement répondre aux exigences du marché. Une fratrie de lignées de cotonnier a été comparée à deux variétés, FK37 et Stam 59A, respectivement dans les zones cotonnières humides et sèches de 2006 à 2009, pour mettre en exergue celle qui améliore les performances agronomiques et technologiques de fibre de ces témoins. A l’issue d’évaluations multilocales, FK64 et FK69 ont été identifiées comme de potentielles nouvelles variétés et testées en milieu paysan. Dans les zones humides, FK64 et FK69 n’ont pas apporté d’amélioration significative ; il est inopportun de les y vulgariser. Dans les zones sèches, FK64 a le mieux performé et a été retenue pour y être vulgarisée. Elle apporte un surplus en pourcentage fibre (+ 0,41%) et en seed index (+ 0,35 g). Aussi, elle apparait meilleure que Stam 59A pour la longueur (+ 1,44 mm) et la ténacité (+ 1,90 g/tex), deux caractéristiques déterminantes du marketing de la fibre. Avec la suspension du coton Bt et le retour à la culture conventionnelle, FK64 lancée en culture commerciale a convaincu. Elle pourrait être candidate à la transformation en cas de retour dans la technologie Bt.Mots clés: Evaluations multilocales, tests variétaux, caractéristiques agronomiques, caractéristiques technologiques, Burkina Faso. English Title: Assessment and selection of a cultivar of cotton (FK64, Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Burkina Faso Cotton produced in Burkina Faso is almost entirely exported; so cultivars must be developed following the market demand. A sibling of cotton lines was compared to two varieties, FK37 and Stam 59A, respectively in humid and dry cotton production areas between 2006 and 2009 to highlight which one enhances agronomic and fiber quality performances compared to the local control. After multilocation trials, FK64 and FK69 were highlighted as promising news varieties then evaluated under farmer’s conditions of production. In the humid areas, FK64 as well as FK69 did not bring any significant improvement; it was not recommended to release any of them there. In the dry production areas, FK64 performed better, then it was retained to be possibly popularized. It brings a surplus in terms of ginning out turn (+ 0,41%) and seed index (+ 0,35 g). Moreover, it outperformed Stam 59A in fiber length (+ 1,44 mm) and strength (+ 1,90 g/tex), two major cotton fiber marketing properties. At the morrow of the suspension of the Bt cotton and back to conventional production, FK64 was launched in commercial production and it convinced. It could be aspirant to Bt introgression in case country resumes back to the technology.Keywords: multilocation trials, varietal trials, agronomical characteristics, fiber properties, Burkina Faso.

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Somé, Penou-Achille. "Lʹinfluence des consonnes sure les tons en Dagara langue Voltaïque du Burkina Faso." Studies in African Linguistics 27, no. 1 (June 1, 1998): 3–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v27i1.107389.

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Phonologists have noted in a number of African language families the occurrence of certain consonants that influence tonal behavior. However, this phenomenon has never been noted in the Voltaic family. In this paper, the author contrasts three varieties of Dagara-Wule, Lobr, and Blrfmr-spoken in southern Burkina Faso and northern Ghana, demonstrating that certain consonants in Wule and Lobr are "transparent", permiting the spread of high tones, while others are "opaque", blocking the spread of high tones.

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Antoine, Barro, Batieno Téyouré Benoit Joseph, Neya James Bougouma, Palé Korotoumou, Jean Baptiste Tignégré, Kaboré Adama, and Sawadogo Mahamadou. "PROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF FIVE COWPEA [(Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)] LINES AS FEED RESOURCES FOR RUMINANT PRODUCTION IN BURKINA FASO." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 5 (May 31, 2019): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i5.2019.824.

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The main food resource for ruminant production in Burkina Faso is natural grazing, which cannot sustain ruminant production all year round. Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate cultivated forages including crop residues such as fodder whose nutritional values must be verified before they are used in ruminant feed. To this end, samples of the fodder of five cowpea lines [(Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)] created at the Saria station were analysed to determine their nutritional values using existing standard techniques. Obtained results revealed dry matter (DM) contents ranging from 91.12 to 91.50%, organic matter (OM) from 83.05 to 90.20%, crude protein (CP) from 13.98% to 17.47 and crude fiber (CB) from 26.45% to 31.85%. Lines BC3F10P34-3 and KVx745-11P contained the highest total nitrogen content and low average crude fiber values. Therefore, these two cowpea lines could be exploited in an appropriate feeding strategy for rural ruminant production.

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Mahamadou, Sawadogo, T. Ouedraogo Jeremy, S. Gowda Bhavani, and P. Timko Michael. "Genetic diversity of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) cultivars in Burkina Faso resistant to Striga gesnerioides." African Journal of Biotechnology 9, no. 48 (November 29, 2010): 8146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb10.1175.

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Malick Ba, Niango, Venu M. Margam, Clementine L. Binso-Dabire, Antoine Sanon, Jeremy N. McNeil, Larry L. Murdock, and Barry R. Pittendrigh. "Seasonal and regional distribution of the cowpea pod borer Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Burkina Faso." International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 29, no. 03 (September 2009): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174275840999021x.

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Traore, H., D. Yonli, D. Diallo, and P. Sereme. "Suicidal Germination of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. by Cotton, Cowpea and Groundnut Genotypes in Burkina Faso." International Journal of Agricultural Research 6, no. 1 (December 15, 2010): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijar.2011.49.57.

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Palé, S., S. C. Mason, and S. J. B. Taonda. "‘Water and fertilizer influence on yield of grain sorghum varieties produced in Burkina Faso." South African Journal of Plant and Soil 26, no. 2 (January 2009): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2009.10639939.

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Sanon, Antoine, Ilboudo Zakaria, Dabire-Binso Clémentine L, Ba Malick Niango, and Nébié Roger Charles Honora. "Potential of Botanicals to Control Callosobruchus maculatus (Col.: Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae), a Major Pest of Stored Cowpeas in Burkina Faso: A Review." International Journal of Insect Science 10 (January 1, 2018): 117954331879026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179543318790260.

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Cowpea is an essential food legume in the tropics and particularly for sub-Saharan African populations. Postharvest grain storage, however, is a major constraint for crop expansion and year-round availability due to the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F., the main storage pest of cowpeas in West Africa. The use of chemicals for cowpea storage is a common practice which represents, however, a risk for consumers, environment, and could also exacerbate pest control. In Burkina Faso, since the early 2000s, several scientific investigations have focused on the control of C maculatus using botanicals considered as promising and safe alternatives to chemicals. The aim of this review is to take stock of the research conducted and to identify the potential candidates on which future studies in this field will focus. The set of data analyzed show that several plants materials, including powders, crushed plants and essential oils (EO), were active against eggs, larvae, and adults of C maculatus, through dose-dependent mortality responses. However, EO extracted from native aromatic plants have yielded the most promising results, specifically EO from Ocimum canum appeared as the best candidate control agent. Other potentially interested EO tested included Hyptis suaveolens, Hyptis spicigera, and Lippia multiflora. Based on these results, attempts to optimize the use of EO for cowpea storage were conducted in laboratory and field conditions. Side effects of botanicals toward the main biological control agent, the ectoparasitoid Dinarmus basalis have also been highlighted. The results are discussed in a view of practical use of botanicals and EO as safe alternatives for Integrated Pest Management in stored cowpeas in Africa and developing countries.

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Ouoba, Adjima, Sabine Nadembega, Moussa N’Golo Konaté, Hervé Nandkangré, Mahama Ouédraogo, and Mahamadou Sawadogo. "Variabilite De La Coloration Du Tegument Des Graines De Voandzou Cultivees Au Burkina Faso Et Les Noms Locaux Associes." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 33 (November 30, 2018): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n33p188.

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Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt specie is a traditional African legume, grown in all parts of Burkina Faso. It plays a huge role in the resilience of poor people to food and nutritional insecurity. In order to contribute to the safeguarding of the genetic resources of this specie and to better valorize it in the selection and varietal improvement programs, a study on the phenotypic variability based on the coloration of the seed coat and the nomenclature of the local varieties within certain ethnic groups has been realized. Prospecting and collection of bambara groundnut accessions has made in several localities across the three agro-climatic zones of Burkina Faso. Accessions collected were identified on the basis of seed coat colouring and local names within some ethnic groups. Frequency calculations of the accessions collected according to the staining of tegument were performed. From a total of 138 seed samples collected 322 accessions were obtained with a breakdown into 22 groups of accessions according to the coloration of their tegument. This important phenotypic variability can be exploited in the breeding and varietal breeding programs of bambara groundnut. Knowing the local names of the accessions can also be useful in the nomenclature of the selected varieties and can help in facilitating their adoption by the producers.

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Sanou, Edouard I. R., Juan Tur-Cardona, Jeffrey D. Vitale, Bazoumana Koulibaly, Godelieve Gheysen, and Stijn Speelman. "Farmers’ Preferences for Cotton Cultivation Characteristics: A Discrete Choice Experiment in Burkina Faso." Agronomy 9, no. 12 (December 3, 2019): 841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120841.

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While a fierce debate about the advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified crops is ongoing, it is surprising that farmers are often not consulted. In Burkina Faso, where insect resistant Bollgard II® cotton (further termed Bt cotton) was commercially released in 2008, studies highlight that cotton producers are in general satisfied with the reduction in insecticide use while the economic benefits are a source of controversy. To gain insight into farmers’ preferences towards attributes in cotton cultivation, a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was developed. Five key attributes were identified to describe improved cotton varieties: seed development and provenance, seed costs, yield, required number of insecticide sprays, and preservation of agricultural practices. Farm-gate surveys were conducted among 324 cotton farmers in Western Burkina Faso. The results show that overall, farmers have a positive preference towards yield improvements and a negative preference towards pure private seed development and towards an increase in the requested number of insecticide applications or in the seed costs. According to their varieties at the time of the surveys (Bt and non-Bt), a difference was observed regarding their preferences for a status quo situation, indicating that those growing Bt had a stronger preference to keep the status quo than non-Bt farmers. When dividing the sample in segments based on the farm size, it was shown that there were different preferences with respect to the development of the variety and the required number of insecticide applications. Overall, it can be concluded from this study that economic benefits (linked to higher yields, lower seed costs, or reduced pesticide use) shape farmer’s preferences.

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Addae, Prince C., Mohammad F. Ishiyaku, Jean-Batiste Tignegre, Malick N. Ba, Joseph B. Bationo, Ibrahim D. K. Atokple, Mumuni Abudulai, et al. "Efficacy of a cry1Ab Gene for Control of Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Cowpea (Fabales: Fabaceae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 2 (January 22, 2020): 974–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz367.

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Abstract Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.] is an important staple legume in the diet of many households in sub-Saharan Africa. Its production, however, is negatively impacted by many insect pests including bean pod borer, Maruca vitrata F., which can cause 20–80% yield loss. Several genetically engineered cowpea events that contain a cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) for resistance against M. vitrata were evaluated in Nigeria, Burkina Faso, and Ghana (West Africa), where cowpea is commonly grown. As part of the regulatory safety package, these efficacy data were developed and evaluated by in-country scientists. The Bt-cowpea lines were planted in confined field trials under Insect-proof netting and artificially infested with up to 500 M. vitrata larvae per plant during bud formation and flowering periods. Bt-cowpea lines provided nearly complete pod and seed protection and in most cases resulted in significantly increased seed yield over non-Bt control lines. An integrated pest management strategy that includes use of Bt-cowpea augmented with minimal insecticide treatment for protection against other insects is recommended to control pod borer to enhance cowpea production. The insect resistance management plan is based on the high-dose refuge strategy where non-Bt-cowpea and natural refuges are expected to provide M. vitrata susceptible to Cry1Ab protein. In addition, there will be a limited release of this product until a two-toxin cowpea pyramid is released. Other than South African genetically engineered crops, Bt-cowpea is the first genetically engineered food crop developed by the public sector and approved for release in sub-Saharan Africa.

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MULEBA, N., J. T. OUEDRAOGO, and J. B. TIGNEGRE. "Cowpea yield losses attributed to striga infestations." Journal of Agricultural Science 129, no. 1 (August 1997): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859697004450.

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Experiments using cultivars with differing degrees of striga resistance were conducted at two sites at Kamboinse in 1988 and at two locations (Kamboinse and Kouare) in 1989 in the Sudan-Savannah region of Burkina Faso. At each site, striga-free (SFP) and striga-infested plots (SIP) were selected. Two factors, location and genotype, were found to be associated additively with yield losses in soils infested by striga. The location effect was probably due to lower soil fertility in the SIP than the SFP plots under farming conditions. Yield losses in SIP relative to SFP ranged from 3·1%, at the experimental station, to 44·2% under farmers' field conditions. The genotype effect was evident at all locations. Depending on the susceptibility of the cultivars, it varied from 3·1 to 36·5% of the mean yield of SFP with an average of 31·4% in susceptible cultivars. The location effect was evident only at Kouare, where SIP plots were under continuous cultivation without appropriate soil fertility maintenance and/or restoration measures. This amounted to c. 19·4% of the mean yield in the SFP. To reduce yield losses in soils infested by striga, it appears to be necessary to grow high yielding, striga-resistant cultivars using agronomic practices which are known to improve soil fertility.

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