Academic literature on the topic 'CPTSD'

Research has shown that there is a relationship between the physical environment in cities and safety and security. The consequences of low safety and security are severe and impact public health and well-being. With increasing crime rates in many neighborhoods in Stockholm, planning with crime prevention in mind becomes increasingly important for improved future sustainability. As the run-down industrial area in Bromsten in the west part of Stockholm has been razed and the new district Bromstensstaden is being built there´s a unique window of opportunity to create circumstances to improve safety and security. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate which aspects in the physical environment contribute to unsafety and decreased security for the residents of Bromsten, and to analyze how Bromstensstaden has been planned regarding crime prevention and public safety. The study focuses on the design of the physical environment in the planning process. Social strategies, and future maintenance of the built environment of the district were excluded from the study. 136 residents of Bromsten answered a survey with questions regarding their safety and security in Bromsten and the results show that residents are feeling unsafe to some degree in the neighborhood. This can partly be explained by the increased crime rates in Bromsten and surrounding neighborhoods, but the design of the built environment also plays a part. Places that are unsafe are Bromstensplan, the old industrial area and the walk to Spånga railway. Littering and bad lightning are other aspects that can be improved for enhanced safety and perhaps security. A general unsafety not related to any specific location was also observed. An analysis of the planned Bromstensstaden shows that according to literature and existing research the district is generally well-planned regarding crime prevention. The big parking space next to Mälarbanan has the potential to become an unsafe area, as well as the district´s green areas including the area surrounding the creek that runs through the district. Planning with public safety in mind has been a big priority. Skogsängsvägen will be the main street in the mixed-use neighborhood that will consist of residential buildings with apartments and business premises on the ground floors. The main street will make a safe passage to Spånga Station as there will be human activity in many hours of the day. To further increase human presence, the apartments on the ground floors will have urban front yards. The apartment complexes are planned with partly enclosed collectively shared yards, a measure that has shown to increase the residents feeling of safety, control and belonging. Working with crime prevention in Bromsten will require a variety of efforts, where the design of the physical environment is one important part. The study shows that there are aspects in the physical environment in Bromsten that could be further improved. Razing the old industrial area and building Bromstensstaden will likely make an important contribution to increased safety and security for the residents in Bromsten.<br>Studier har visat att det finns samband mellan den fysiska miljön i städer och trygghet och säkerhet. En ökning av kriminalitet har skett de senaste åren och en del Stockholmsförorter är extra utsatta. Priset för människors otrygghet är stort då den inverkar negativt på invånarnas välbefinnande och hälsa. Det blir därför ännu viktigare ur hållbarhetssynpunkt att utnyttja den unika möjligheten som finns i att redan i planskedet av nya bostadsområden planera ur ett brottsförebyggande perspektiv. När det nedgångna industriområdet i stadsdelen Bromsten i västra Stockholm nu rivits och den nya stadsdelen, Bromstensstaden, ska byggas finns en unik möjlighet att ge förutsättningar för en trygg stadsdel från grunden. Syftet med examensarbetet är att undersöka vilka aspekter i den fysiska miljön som bidrar till otrygghet och minskad säkerhet för de boende i Bromsten, samt att analysera hur kommunen beaktat säkerhetsfrämjande och trygghetsskapande aspekter i den byggda miljön när Bromstensstaden planerats. Studien är begränsad till att omfatta trygghetsfrämjande och brottsförebyggande åtgärder i den fysiska miljöns utformning i planskedet, inte socialt inriktade åtgärder och inte heller stadsdelens framtida förvaltning. 136 personer besvarade en enkät med frågor om trygghet och säkerhet i Bromsten och resultatet visar att det finns en relativt stor otrygghet hos de boende i stadsdelen. Detta kan delvis härledas till den ökade brottsligheten i Bromsten och närliggande områden, men även faktorer i den byggda miljön påverkar. Geografiskt utmärker sig Bromstensplan, det gamla industriområdet och vägen till närliggande Spånga station som otrygga platser. Nedskräpning och dålig belysning är andra aspekter som påverkar men det finns även en mer generell otrygghet i Bromsten som inte är kopplad till någon specifik plats. En analys av det planerade Bromstensstaden visar att utifrån den litteratur och det aktuella forskningsläget är området generellt välplanerat ur ett brottspreventivt perspektiv. Den stora parkeringsplatsen som planeras vid Mälarbanan kan potentiellt bli en otrygg plats, liksom områdets grönområden som bland annat består av ett åstråk som löper genom hela området. I övrigt har tryggheten varit högt prioriterad i planarbetet. I den funktionsblandade stadsdelen ska en central gata, Skogsängsvägen, inrymma såväl bostadshus som butikslokaler i husens gatuplan. Gatan kommer att bli en trygg väg för passage mot Spånga station då den är befolkad under många av dygnets timar. Lägenheter placerade i bottenplan kommer att ha en förgårdsmark för att ytterligare befolka gaturummet och visa på mänsklig närvaro. Områdets bostadsgårdar är kringbyggda vilket har visat öka boendes känsla av trygghet, kontroll och tillhörighet. Det brottspreventiva arbetet i området kräver olika insatser, där designen av den byggda miljön är en viktig del. Studien visar att det finns flera aspekter att förbättra i den fysiska miljön i Bromsten. Att riva industriområdet och bygga Bromstensstaden kommer sannolikt att vara en viktig del i att öka tryggheten och säkerheten för boende i Bromsten.

Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) is a crime preventive approach used for the physical environment to reduce criminal activity. CPTED consists of six principles: Territoriality, Surveillance, Target hardening, Image and Management/Maintenance, Access control and Activity support. The aim of this study was to evaluate an area in the center of a medium sized town in Sweden according to the CPTED principles. The area was divided into three zones, field inspections and analyses of the area were conducted five times using a checklist based on the CPTED principles. Photographs were taken for documentation. Key findings were that Territoriality, Image and Management/Maintenance and Access control need improvements. From the findings a risk assessment on the impact of criminality was made on each principle in each zone and was also summed up to a total. The total indicated that there was a medium risk on impact of criminality on two of the three zones and low on the third zone.<br><p>2017-06-01</p>

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2010.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-102).<br>Urban downtowns have changed since September 1 1, 2001, sprouting bollards, planters, and barriers installed on the pretense of improved safety and security. While these interventions protect buildings from vehicle bombs, they have not been properly integrated into the fabric of the downtown, and they have not conformed to good urban design principles. This thesis explores the intersections of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED), physical antiterrorism design (ATD), and principles guiding the design of public spaces. The thesis focuses on the processes whereby antiterrorism design interventions are sited in Boston and New York and examines current installations. Ultimately, the author argues for better integration of antiterrorism interventions with both CPTED and urban design principles, suggesting that public education and a London-like 'ring of steel' are the best ways to secure downtowns without compromising unique urban character. First, the thesis provides an account of antiterrorism design history within the United States, and follows this with a description of how leading documents articulate antiterrorism design principles at different scales. Next, the evolution of place-based crime prevention strategies is explored, ending with a discussion of CPTED, and a description of this strategy at different scales. A comparison of ATD and CPTED principles reveals that there are few irresolvable discrepancies between the two design strategies. Pictures from downtown Boston and New York are provided throughout the thesis to illustrate ATD and CPTED 'dos' and 'don'ts.' In the second half of the thesis, ATD and CPTED policies of downtown Boston and New York are examined in pursuit of synergies and innovations in design processes. At multiple sites in these cities, ATD violates both CPTED and the principles of good urban design. According to theory discussed earlier in the thesis, these discrepancies are not obvious outcomes. Ultimately, the author argues that ATD should be optimized through the use of CPTED strategies and humanized through the use of civic design principles.<br>by Sara E. Rothrock.<br>M.C.P.