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Journal articles on the topic 'CPV-2 variants'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Jantafong, Tippawan, Sakchai Ruenphet, Harold R. Garner, and Krit Ritthipichai. "Tracing the Genetic Evolution of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 (CPV-2) in Thailand." Pathogens 11, no. 12 (2022): 1460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11121460.

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Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is responsible for hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in dogs worldwide. High genomic substitution rates in CPV-2 contribute to the progressive emergence of novel variants with increased ability to evade the host immune response. Three studies have analyzed the genomic mutations of CPV-2 variants in Thailand. These investigations were independently conducted at different timepoints. Thus, a retrospective integrated analysis of CPV-2 genomic mutations has not been fully performed. Our study aimed at evaluating the evolutionary changes in CPV-2 in Thailand from 2003 to

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Cavalli, Alessandra, Vito Martella, Costantina Desario, et al. "Evaluation of the Antigenic Relationships among Canine Parvovirus Type 2 Variants." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 15, no. 3 (2007): 534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00444-07.

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ABSTRACT The antigenic relationships among the original canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) and the variants CPV-2a, -2b, and -2c were evaluated. Cross-antigenic evaluation revealed clear differences among the CPV variants, which were more appreciable by serum neutralization (SN) than by hemagglutination inhibition. Antigenic differences were found mostly between the original CPV-2 and the variants, but they were also observed among the variants CPV-2a, -2b, and -2c. The variant CPV-2c exhibited a unique antigenic pattern, since it was poorly recognized by the sera of animals immunized with CPV-2

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Giraldo-Ramirez, Sebastián, Santiago Rendon-Marin, and Julián Ruiz-Saenz. "Phylogenetic, Evolutionary and Structural Analysis of Canine Parvovirus (CPV-2) Antigenic Variants Circulating in Colombia." Viruses 12, no. 5 (2020): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12050500.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) is the causative agent of haemorrhagic gastroenteritis in canids. Three antigenic variants—CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c—have been described, which are determined by variations at residue 426 of the VP2 capsid protein. In Colombia, the CPV-2a and CPV-2b antigenic variants have previously been reported through partial VP2 sequencing. Mutations at residues Asn428Asp and Ala514Ser of variant CPV-2a were detected, implying the appearance of a possible new CPV-2a variant in Colombia. The purpose of the present study was to characterise the full VP2 capsid protein in samples fr

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Hao, Xiangqi, Yanchao Li, Xiangyu Xiao, Bo Chen, Pei Zhou, and Shoujun Li. "The Changes in Canine Parvovirus Variants over the Years." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (2022): 11540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911540.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) is one of the most important pathogens in dogs, and despite the continual development of vaccines against CPV-2, CPV-2 is still circulating in the canine population. The CPV-2a/2b/2c variant has replaced the original CPV-2 virus and seems to exhibit accelerated transmission. Although CPV-2 infection has been frequently reported, no studies have summarized information of CPV-2 variants currently circulating worldwide. To track the evolution of CPV-2, we downloaded and analyzed all VP2 sequences from the NCBI database (from 1978 to 2022). We found that CPV-2c shows a te

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Uronu, C. E., K. Said, A. P. Muhairwa, and A. A. Chengula. "Molecular detection and characterization of canine parvovirus variants in Morogoro and Arusha regions of Tanzania." Tanzania Veterinary Journal 39, no. 1 (2024): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4314/tvj.v39i1.1.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a significant pathogen that affects wild and domestic dogs globally, resulting in intricate pathological and epidemiological consequences, primarily observed in puppies, such as haemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis. This virus is categorized into three strains: CPV-2a (which replaced the original strain CPV-2), CPV-2b, and CPV-2c. The objective of this study was to determine the status of CPV-2 and its circulating variants in domestic dogs residing in the Morogoro and Arusha regions of Tanzania. Rectal swabs were collected from a total of 143 domestic dogs with gas

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Kowalczyk, Marek, Barbara Majer-Dziedzic, Krzysztof Kostro, et al. "Diagnostics and genotyping of Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) from disease cases in south-eastern Poland." Acta Veterinaria 69, no. 1 (2019): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2019-0002.

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Abstract Canine parvovirus type 2 is one of the most common causes of death among puppies. Despite preventive vaccination, the disease continues to be diagnosed. The aim of the study was to provide a molecular characterization of CPV-2 isolates found in southeastern Poland. Genetic CPV-2 material was isolated from the blood (n=10) and feces (n=50) of infected dogs. The presence of CPV-2 was confirmed by amplification of sequences coding both VP1 and VP2 protein. The products of the PCR reaction with primers amplifying VP2 protein were sequenced and used for genotyping. Bioinformatics analysis

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Alzuheir, Ibrahim M., Adnan F. Fayyad, Belal Y. Abu Helal, Hatem A. Atalla, and Nasr H. Jalboush. "Detection of canine parvovirus type 2c (CPV-2c) in Palestine." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 18, no. 05 (2024): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.18835.

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Introduction: The objective of the present study was to report, for the first time, the presence of canine parvovirus type 2c (CPV-2c) in domesticated dogs with acute gastroenteritis and to characterize the antigenic variants circulating in Palestine. Methodology: A veterinary clinical-based epidemiological study was carried out between December 2022 and April 2023. Fifty fecal samples were collected from dogs with gastroenteritis and screened for CPV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction. The distribution of positive cases according to various epidemiological factors was studied. Partial s

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8

Mandawat, Saksham, Rashmi Singh, Nazeer Mohammed, et al. "Comparative Pathophysiology of Canine Parvovirus-2 Variants in Naturally Infected Dogs." Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry 15, no. 3 (2025): 137–44. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrb/2025/v15i3395.

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Canine Parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) is a highly lethal virus that affects the canid family. It targets rapidly dividing cells in organs such as the intestines, thymus, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and heart, often resulting in multi-organ failure.This study aimed to evaluate the impact of CPV-2 variants on clinico-physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters in dogs. Two hundred faecal and blood samples from symptomatic dogs, along with 10 healthy controls, were collected at VCC, PGIVER, Jaipur, from July 2024 to December 2024. PCR identified 166 CPV-2 positive cases, comprising 147 CPV-2a, 1

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Maganga, Gael Darren, Ingrid Labouba, Serda Zita Milendz Ikapi, et al. "Molecular Characterization of Canine Parvovirus Variants CPV-2a and CPV-2c, Associated with Vaccinated Dogs at Libreville, Gabon." Viruses 15, no. 5 (2023): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15051169.

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The first detection of canine parvovirus type-2 (CPV-2) was in the early 1970s, when it was known to cause severe gastroenteritis in dogs. However, it has evolved over the years into CPV-2a within 2 years, into CPV-2b after 14 years, into CPV-2c after 16 years and more recently CPV-2a-, 2b- and 2c-like variants reported in 2019, with a global distribution. Reports on the molecular epidemiology of this virus are missing in most African countries. The report of clinical cases among vaccinated dogs in Libreville in Gabon triggered the execution of this study. The objective of this study was to ch

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Hao, Xiangqi, Yuwei He, Chuhan Wang, et al. "The increasing prevalence of CPV-2c in domestic dogs in China." PeerJ 8 (September 29, 2020): e9869. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9869.

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Background Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), a serious pathogen, leads to high morbidity and mortality in dogs and several wild carnivore species. Although it is a DNA virus, it evolves particularly rapidly, with a genomic substitution rate of approximately 10−4 substitutions/site/year, close to that of some RNA viruses. Tracing the prevalence of CPV-2 in dogs is significant. Methods In this study, an aetiological survey was carried out from 2016 to 2019 in Guangdong Province, China, involving Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Dongguan. Furthermore, to systematically analyse the prevalence of CPV-2 in C

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Yen, Sheng-Lun, Minh Hoang, Wei-Chen Wang, et al. "DETECTION OF CANINE PARVOVIRUS TYPE 2 BY A COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN-HOUSE PCR." Taiwan Veterinary Journal 46, no. 01 (2020): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1682648519500069.

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Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is an important pathogen that causes anorexia, vomiting, acute gastroenteritis, and bloody diarrhea. CPV-2 was divided into three variants (2a–2c) based on residue 426 of the VP2 protein. Recently, a novel Asian CPV-2c isolate was more prevalent in the Asian continent. The diagnostic tools of CPV-2 are characterized into traditional (such as immunochromatography test) and molecular methods based on their pathogen detection mechanisms. However, the low sensitivity of the immunochromatographic tests is supported by their simplicity and rapid ability to provide re

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Obando Corella, Andrea, Antony Solórzano Morales, Mauricio Jiménez-Soto, and Gaby Dolz. "Identificación de genogrupos de protoparvovirus y sus variantes en leucocitos de gatos domésticos del Valle Central de Costa Rica." Ciencias veterinarias 42, no. 2 (2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/rcv.42-2.1.

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Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (CPPV-1) includes feline parvovirus (or feline panleukopenia virus, FPV) and canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2). Currently, although CPV-2 is not found in nature, its variants CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c are found and can infect cats as well. The objective of this research was to identify CPPV-1 and its variants as antibodies against CPPV-1 in the blood of domestic cats from the Central Valley of Costa Rica. Blood samples were collected from 155 cats, along with the following data: sex, age, breed, vaccination information, the environment where the animal lives (urban or ru

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13

Giuseppa, Purpari, Mira Francesco, Di Bella Santina, Di Pietro Simona, Giudice Elisabetta, and Guercio Annalisa. "Investigation on Canine parvovirus circulation in dogs from Sicily (Italy) by biomolecular assay." Acta Veterinaria 68, no. 1 (2018): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2018-0007.

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Abstract Canine parvovirus type-2 (CPV-2) is a DNA virus that causes a very common worldwide diffused infectious disease in dogs. Since its appearance, the CPV-2 evolved generating novel genetic and antigenic variants (CPV-2a/2b/2c) which are distributed throughout the world. In the present study, the frequency of CPV-2 in a canine population in Sicily (Italy) was investigated, using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for a fragment of the VP2 gene. Out of a total of 673 samples from 370 dogs, submitted to the laboratory from July 2009 to August 2015, 265 samples (39.38%) were positive and thes

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Nakamura, Masato, Kazuya Nakamura, Takayuki Miyazawa, Yukinobu Tohya, Masami Mochizuki, and Hiroomi Akashi. "Monoclonal Antibodies That Distinguish Antigenic Variants of Canine Parvovirus." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 10, no. 6 (2003): 1085–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.10.6.1085-1089.2003.

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ABSTRACT Canine parvovirus (CPV) is classified as a member of the feline parvovirus (FPV) subgroup. CPV isolates are divided into three antigenic types: CPV type 2 (CPV-2), CPV-2a, and CPV-2b. Recently, new antigenic types of CPV were isolated from Vietnamese leopard cats and designated CPV-2c(a) or CPV-2c(b). CPV-2c viruses were distinguished from the other antigenic types of the FPV subgroup by the absence of reactivity with several monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). To characterize the antigenicity of CPV-2c, a panel of MAbs against CPV-2c was generated and epitopes recognized by these MAbs were

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15

Hong, Charles, Nicola Decaro, Costantina Desario, et al. "Occurrence of Canine Parvovirus Type 2c in the United States." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 19, no. 5 (2007): 535–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870701900512.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) type 2 (CPV-2) emerged around 1978 as a major pathogen of dogs worldwide. In the mid-1980s, the original CPV-2 had evolved and was completely replaced by 2 variants, CPV-2a and CPV-2b. In 2000, a new variant of CPV (named CPV-2c) was detected in Italy and now cocirculates with types 2a and 2b in that country. The CPV-2c has also been reported from single outbreaks in Vietnam and Spain. This study was conducted to determine if CPV-2c occurs in the United States. Thirty-three fecal samples were collected from dogs in 16 states between April 2006 and April 2007 and were te

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Oblavatckii, Dmitrii V., and Svetlana A. Boldueva. "Characteristics of clinical signs, laboratory and instrumental examinations in various mechanisms of development of type 2 myocardial infarction." CardioSomatics 12, no. 3 (2021): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/22217185.2021.3.201042.

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Aim. To identify different pathogenetic variants of myocardial infarction type 2 (MI-2). Material and methods. Reviewed 4168 cases of MI admitted in multidisciplinary hospital for 10 years. 353 patients met the criteria for MI-2 without signs of coronary atherothrombosis (CA). In the study group, the features of clinical and laboratory-instrumental manifestations were evaluated. Results. Cases of IM-2 were subdivided into 4 clinical-pathogenic variants (CPV): 1-CPV developed due an increasing in myocardial oxygen demand; 2-CPV, arising from a decrease in the supply of oxygen; 3-CPV

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Zhou, Hongzhuan, Xia Su, Lulu Lin, et al. "Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells." Viruses 11, no. 8 (2019): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11080742.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a common etiological agent of acute enteritis, which occurs globally in domestic and wild carnivores. Despite the widespread use of inactivated or live attenuated vaccines, the emergence of antigenic variants and the influence of maternal antibodies have raised some concerns regarding the efficacy of commercial vaccines. While no specific antiviral therapy for CPV infection exists, the only treatment option for the infection is supportive therapy based on symptoms. Thus, there is an urgent medical need to develop antiviral therapeutic options to reduce the burden of

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Pan, Shunshun, Yuanzhuo Man, Xin Xu, et al. "Genetic Diversity and Recombination Analysis of Canine Parvoviruses Prevalent in Central and Eastern China, from 2020 to 2023." Microorganisms 12, no. 11 (2024): 2173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12112173.

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Canine parvovirus type-2 (CPV-2), the primary causative agent of serious canine enteric diseases, is highly contagious and associated with high fatality rates worldwide. To comprehend the current emergence of CPV-2 in central and eastern China, 130 rectal swabs from domestic or stray dogs with gastroenteritis symptoms were collected during 2020–2023. A total of 118 positive samples were detected via polymerase chain reaction, and further used to amplify and sequence the VP2 gene. Sequence analysis of the deduced amino acids of VP2 protein indicated that CPV-2c was the most prevalent variant (n

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Shivani, Barsain Subhash Verma Rajesh Chahota Prasenjit Dhar and Monika Bhardwaj. "Key strains of canine parvovirus 2 in india: a short communication." Vet Farm Frontier 02, no. 04 (2025): 19–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15362298.

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Canine Parvovirus (CPV) is a highly infectious viral illness that primarily affects dogs, especially puppies aged between six weeks and six months. It is caused by Canine Parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), which mainly targets the gastrointestinal system and, in some instances, the heart. The virus attacks rapidly dividing cells such as those in the intestinal crypts, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues, resulting in enteritis, leukopenia, and immunosuppression. Since its discovery, CPV-2 has evolved into multiple strains, contributing to its high virulence. This article focuses on the predominant CPV-2

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AKKUTAY-YOLDAR, ZEYNEP, and TAYLAN KOÇ B. "Phylogenetic analysis of canine parvoviruses from Turkey." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 76, no. 01 (2020): 6334–2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6334.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) type 2 is the causative agent of acute hemorrhagic enteritis and high mortality in the affected dogs. Numerous studies have been done to understand the origin of the virus and to exhibit new variants and circulating strains. This report describes the detection and genomic characterization of CPV strains from indoor and outdoor dogs in Ankara, Turkey. Samples were sent to our laboratory due to clinical symptoms in puppies. We tested blood and swab samples to determine the presence of canine parvovirus (CPV) in three puppies and two adult dogs by reverse transcription-pol

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Fontana, Danúbia S., Paulo Ricardo D. Rocha, Raquel A. S. Cruz, et al. "A phylogenetic study of canine parvovirus type 2c in midwestern Brazil." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33, no. 2 (2013): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2013000200013.

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Since the late 1970s, canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) has emerged as a causative agent of fatal severe acute hemorrhagic enteritis in dogs. To date, three antigenic types of CPV-2 were described worldwide (CPV-2a/b/c). This study was conducted to determine the variants of CPV-2 circulating in dogs from the Cuiabá Municipality in Midwestern Brazil. Out of 50 fecal samples, collected between 2009 and 2011, 27 tested positive for CPV-2. A 583 bp fragment of the VP2 gene was amplified by PCR, 13 representative samples were analyzed further by DNA sequencing. All strains were characterized as CPV-

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Pavana Jyoth, Vanjavaka, Mohana Subramanian Bhaskaran, and Vijay A. K. B. Gundi. "Epidemiology, molecular prevalence and prevention on canine parvovirus in India: A review." Bioinformation 20, no. 5 (2024): 536–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300200536.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious and lethal virus that causes severe gastroenteritis and myocarditis in young dogs. In 1978, CPV has rapidly spread worldwide, resulting in outbreaks and high morbidity rates among dog populations. Over a decade, CPV has undergone genetic changes, leading to the emergence of different genotypes (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c), which have expanded its host range to include cats and tissue culture cells. This review focuses on CPV-2 outbreaks in India from 2010 to 2023, analyzing gene lengths covering 274-438 amino acids in the VP2 gene which are collec

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Apaa, T. T., J. M. Daly, and R. E. Tarlinton. "Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) variants circulating in Nigerian dogs." Veterinary Record Open 3, no. 1 (2016): e000198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreco-2016-000198.

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Sebbar, Ghizlane, Safae El Azhari, Mourad Drifa, et al. "Production and Evaluation of an Inactivated Adjuvanted Vaccine against Canine Parvovirus in Morocco." Vaccines 12, no. 9 (2024): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12090995.

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The study conducted in Morocco focused on addressing the challenges posed by canine parvovirus (CPV-2) through comprehensive research, vaccine development, and efficacy assessment. Through real-time PCR screening and genotyping, CPV-2 variants were identified circulating in the region. An inactivated vaccine, derived from a CPV-2 strain isolated from a symptomatic dog, was produced and evaluated for safety and efficacy. The vaccine, from the strain named “CaPV M/3-2022”, demonstrated safety in vaccinated puppies, with no adverse reactions observed during the trial period. Efficacy trials showe

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Hyeon, Lee-Sang, Dong-Kun Yang, Eun-Ju Kim, Yu-Ri Park, Hye Jeong Lee, and Bang-Hun Hyun. "Evaluation of commercial immunochromatography test kits for diagnosing canine parvovirus." Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 63, no. 2 (2023): e19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14405/kjvr.20230016.

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Rapid immunochromatography test (RICT) kits are commonly used for the diagnosis of canine parvovirus (CPV) because of their rapid turnaround time, simplicity, and ease of use. However, the potential for cross-reactivity and low sensitivity can yield false-positive or false-negative results. There are 4 genotypes of CPV. Therefore, evaluating the performance and reliability of RICT kits for CPV detection is essential to ensure accurate diagnosis for appropriate treatment. In this study, we evaluated the performance of commercial RICT kits in the diagnosis of all CPV genotypes. The cross-reactiv

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Battilani, M., L. Gallina, F. Vaccari, and L. Morganti. "Co-Infection with Multiple Variants of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 (CPV-2)." Veterinary Research Communications 31, S1 (2007): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11259-007-0007-6.

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Kour, Karman, Gurpreet Kaur, Mudit Chandra, and Deepti Narang. "Development and Standardization of Sandwich ELISA for the Detection of Canine Parvovirus Infection." Journal of Biotechnology Research, no. 102 (February 10, 2024): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jbr.102.20.25.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious viral pathogen affecting dogs aged 6-21 weeks primarily targeting rapidly dividing cells of GI tract, which leads to haemorrhagic gastroenteritis and symptoms such as fever, vomiting, in appetence and abdominal pain. Several variants include CPV-2, CPV-2b and CPV-2c. CPV can be prevented by timely and complete vaccination and can be treated effectively if timely diagnosis is done. It can be diagnosed by effective methods such as PCR, fecal ELISA, HA and HI, the most effective being ELISA and PCR. Therefore, the present research was aimed at develo

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Magouz, AF, I. Elkon, E. Khaled, and N. Alkhalefa. "First report of detection of Canine Parvovirus type 2 in naturally infected domestic cats in Egypt by duplex PCR for simultaneous detection of Canine Parvovirus type 2 and Feline Panleukopenia virus." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 74, no. 3 (2023): 5921–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.28838.

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Feline Panleukopenia virus (FPLV) and Canine Parvovirus type 2 (CPV) cause fatal gastroenteritis in cats and dogs. In this study we developed a duplex polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) assay for the concurrent detection of FPLV and CPV-2 in a single PCR tube. Two primers were used based on nucleic acid conserved regions of the two viruses which specifically amplify 237 bp of the VP2 gene of FPLV and 583 bp of the VP2 gene of CPV 2.Sensitivity and Specificity of the dPCR were evaluated. A total of 30 rectal/fecal swabs were collected from domestic cats in Kafrelsheikh province, Egypt and were te

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Loor-Giler, Anthony, Silvana Santander-Parra, Sara Castillo-Reyes, et al. "Characterization, Quantification, and Molecular Identification of Co-Infection of Canine Parvovirus (CPV-2) Variants in Dogs Affected by Gastroenteritis in Ecuador During 2022–2023." Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 1 (2025): 46. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12010046.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) is a highly contagious virus in canines, and it is mostly spread by touching infected feces. Dogs of all ages can catch it, but puppies are more likely to suffer from it. Severe signs include vomiting, diarrhea with blood, feeling tired, and not drinking enough water. There are three different types of the original CPV-2 that have been found so far, which are CPV-2a, 2b, and 2c. The genome of CPV-2 is about 5.2 kb long and has two open reading frames (ORFs), namely the VP region and the NS region. Based on changes in amino acids at position 426, the VP2 protein distin

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Sung, Ming-Hua, Tsung-Ming Chen, Yi-Chen Yang, et al. "MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OFCANINE PARVOVIRUS TYPE2A AND 2B AMONG SHELTER DOGS — THE NEW RECOMBINATION IN VIRUS." Taiwan Veterinary Journal 43, no. 01 (2017): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1682648515500341.

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Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a severe enteric pathogen mainly affecting dogs. CPV-2 contains three antigenic variants (2a, 2b, and 2c) that are distributed internationally. Detection and characterization of the currently circulating CPV-2 strains are vital for the understanding of viral evolution, transmission, and the development of methods to control its spreading. Herein, we analyzed the strains in central Taiwan to provide information of local viral evolution, diversity, and epidemiology. Stool and blood samples from 24 dogs and 2 cats were genotyped by PCR amplification of strain-s

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Mukhopadhyay, Hirak K., Mangadevi Nookala, Nobal RK Thangamani, et al. "Molecular characterisation of parvoviruses from domestic cats reveals emergence of newer variants in India." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 19, no. 8 (2016): 846–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x16661375.

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Objectives The present study was undertaken to characterise the viral polypeptide 2 (VP2) gene of parvovirus from domestic cats in India. Methods The faecal samples from diarrhoeic/healthy domestic cats were collected from different geographical regions of India for screening by PCR assay followed by sequence analysis of the VP2 gene. Results Canine parvovirus (CPV)/feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) infections were found in 12 (11.3%) of 106 faecal samples tested. Two new CPV-2a (297Ala and Asn426) and three FPV strains were identified by VP2 gene analysis. Several unique and existing amino aci

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Temizkan, Mehmet Cevat, and Secil Sevinc Temizkan. "Canine Parvovirus in Turkey: First Whole-Genome Sequences, Strain Distribution, and Prevalence." Viruses 15, no. 4 (2023): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15040957.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a significant pathogenic virus with up to 100% morbidity and 91% mortality rates, especially in unvaccinated puppies. The emergence of new strains, interspecies transmission, and vaccine effectiveness can be enabled by just a few base changes in the CPV genome. Therefore, to cope with CPV disease, it is important to identify the viral agent and regularly monitor vaccine effectiveness against new strains. The present study has investigated CPV’s genetic profile in Turkey by collecting 80 samples from dogs in Turkey between 2020 and 2022. These samples and all sequence

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Zhou, Hongzhuan, Kaidi Cui, Xia Su, et al. "Overview of Recent Advances in Canine Parvovirus Research: Current Status and Future Perspectives." Microorganisms 13, no. 1 (2024): 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010047.

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Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) was first identified in the late 1970s and has since become one of the most significant infectious agents affecting dogs. CPV-2 causes severe diseases such as hemorrhagic gastroenteritis and myocarditis, posing a major threat to canine health, particularly with a high mortality rate in puppies. It is globally recognized as a highly contagious and lethal pathogen. CPV is prone to rapid mutation, leading to the emergence of new variants. Despite widespread vaccination efforts, CPV remains one of the primary causes of acute gastroenteritis and death in young and juvenile

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Doherty Odueko, Funmilayo. "Literature review on canine parvoviral enteritis variants in Nigeria." Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research 9, no. 1 (2020): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2020.09.00274.

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Canine Parvoviral Enteritis [CPE] is acute highly contagious and often fatal viral enteritis of domesticated and wild canidae [dogs, foxes coyotes]. Caused by three variants of a virulent single stranded naked DNA virus belonging to the family Parvoviridae designated Canine Parvovirus Type 2 [CPV-2]. This disease is transmitted to susceptible animals directly via inhalation of viral particles or by ingestion of food contaminated by infected feces excreted by sick puppy or indirectly through contact with contaminated formites by infected feces excreted by clinically sick animal. The virus has h

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Galkina, T. S., and A. К. Karaulov. "Canine parvovirus enteritis: epidemic situation analysis and perspectives." Veterinary Science Today, no. 4 (January 13, 2021): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29326/2304-196x-2020-4-35-283-289.

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Parvovirus enteritis is one of canine dangerous diseases which poses a particular concern for practitioners and dog owners around the world. Parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) can affect dogs at any age, but puppies between 6 weeks and 6 months old are most susceptible to infection. One of the main biological properties of parvovirus is its continuous genetic evolution, which led to the replacement of the original virus type by new antigenic variants – CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c. According to the literature data, all three variants of the virus are currently circulating in the domestic dog population wo

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WÓJCIK, ALICJA, STANISŁAW WINIARCZYK, and JERZY ZIĘTEK. "Canine parvovirosis: Still an existing problem." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 04 (2019): 6191–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6191.

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Parvoviral infections of dogs are still a clinical problem throughout the world. This is despite the development of prevention, increased awareness among the owners and increasingly effective treatment protocols due to the extremely high virulence of the virus. Parvovirosis is a disease caused by a virus of the Parvoviridae family in various variants: CPV-2, CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c, all of which produce similar clinical signs, including acute hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis. It is one of the most important viral pathogens, with extremely high morbidity and mortality. This study is a co

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Martín, Susana, María Laura García, Antonella Troisi, et al. "Genetic variation of populations of Citrus psorosis virus." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 10 (2006): 3097–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81742-0.

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Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), the type species of genus Ophiovirus, has a segmented, negative-stranded RNA genome. We examined the population structure and genetic variation of CPsV in three coding regions located in RNAs 1, 2 and 3, analysing 22 isolates from Argentina, California, Florida, Italy and Spain. Most isolates contained a predominant sequence and some minor variants. Estimations of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic clustering of isolates disclosed two populations, one comprising isolates from Spain, Italy, Florida and California and the other including the Argentinean isolates

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Franzo, Giovanni, Francesco Mira, Giorgia Schirò, and Marta Canuti. "Not Asian Anymore: Reconstruction of the History, Evolution, and Dispersal of the “Asian” Lineage of CPV2c." Viruses 15, no. 9 (2023): 1962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091962.

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Variability has been one of the hallmarks of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) since its discovery, and several lineages and antigenic variants have emerged. Among these, a group of viruses commonly called Asian CPV-2c has recently been reported with increasing frequency in different regions. Currently, its global epidemiology and evolution are essentially unknown. The present work deals with this information gap by evaluating, via sequence, phylodynamic, and phylogeographic analyses, all the complete coding sequences of strains classified as Asian CPV-2c based on a combination of amino acid ma

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Prichard, Mark N., John D. Williams, Gloria Komazin-Meredith, et al. "Synthesis and Antiviral Activities of Methylenecyclopropane Analogs with 6-Alkoxy and 6-Alkylthio Substitutions That Exhibit Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity against Human Herpesviruses." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 8 (2013): 3518–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00429-13.

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ABSTRACTMethylenecyclopropane nucleosides have been reported to be active against many of the human herpesviruses. The most active compound of this class is cyclopropavir (CPV), which exhibits good antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Epstein-Barr virus, both variants of human herpesvirus 6, and human herpesvirus 8. CPV has two hydroxymethyl groups on the methylenecyclopropane ring, but analogs with a single hydroxymethyl group, such as the prototypical (S)-synguanol, are also active and exhibit a broader spectrum of antiviral activity that also includes hepatitis B virus a

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Liu, Chengqian, Fusheng Si, Hong Li, et al. "Identification and Genome Characterization of Novel Feline Parvovirus Strains Isolated in Shanghai, China." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 45, no. 4 (2023): 3628–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb45040236.

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Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) is the causative agent of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in feline animals. FPV has been evolving over time, and there have been several different strains of the virus identified. Some of these strains may be more virulent or more resistant to current vaccines than others, which highlights the importance of ongoing research and monitoring of FPV evolution. For FPV genetic evolution analysis, many studies focus on the main capsid protein (VP2), but limited information is available on the nonstructural gene NS1 and structural gene VP1. In the present study, we first

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Hoang, Minh, Cheng-Nan Wu, Chuen-Fu Lin, et al. "Genetic characterization of feline panleukopenia virus from dogs in Vietnam reveals a unique Thr101 mutation in VP2." PeerJ 8 (October 12, 2020): e9752. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9752.

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Background Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) and feline parvovirus (FPV) are known as the main causes of several serious diseases and have a severe impact on puppies and kittens, respectively. FPV and new CPV-2 variants are all able to infect cats, causing diseases indistinguishable from feline panleukopenia. However, FPV only replicates efficiently in feline cells in vitro and replicates in dogs in the thymus and bone marrow without being shed in feces. In our previous study, the genotypes of six parvoviral isolates were unable to be identified using a SimpleProbe® real-time PCR assay. Methods

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Pratelli, Annamaria, Alessandra Cavalli, Vito Martella, et al. "Canine Parvovirus (CPV) Vaccination: Comparison of Neutralizing Antibody Responses in Pups after Inoculation with CPV2 or CPV2b Modified Live Virus Vaccine." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 8, no. 3 (2001): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.8.3.612-615.2001.

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ABSTRACT Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV2) emerged in 1978 as causative agent of a new disease of dogs. New antigenic variants (biotypes), designated CPV2a and CPV2b, became widespread during 1979 to 1980 and 1984, respectively. At the present time the original CPV2 has disappeared in the dog population and has been replaced by the two new viruses. In the present study the comparison of neutralizing antibody titers in two groups of pups (18 pups in each group) inoculated with CPV2 and CPV2b modified live virus vaccines is reported. Using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, relevant differ

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Canton, Ana, Flavia Tinano, Leonardo Guasti, et al. "RF14 | PSAT120 X-Linked Central Precocious Puberty Associated with MECP2 Defects." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A643—A644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1331.

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Abstract Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) is a chromatin-associated protein that can both activate and repress transcription, playing an essential role in neuronal maturation. MECP2 is encoded by an X-linked gene (chromosome Xq28) with high expression in the brain, including the hypothalamic region. Loss-of-function mutations in MECP2 are usually associated with Rett syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by normal early development followed by regression of acquired skills, such as purposeful hand movements and the ability to communicate, repetitive hand stereotypies, slowed brai

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Liu, Chengqian, Jun Gao, Hong Li, et al. "Phylogenetic Characteristics of Canine Parvovirus Type 2c Variant Endemic in Shanghai, China." Viruses 13, no. 11 (2021): 2257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112257.

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Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) has spread and mutated globally over the past 40 years. In the present study, 206 samples from dogs suspected of CPV-2 infection were collected from five veterinary clinics in Shanghai city, China. The average positive rate for CPV-2 was detected to be 40.78% using the PCR method. Using an F81 cell (feline kidney cell) culture, the isolates of three CPV-2c strains were obtained. The near full-length genome sequences of the isolates were determined and submitted to GenBank: CPV-SH2001 (MW650830), CPV-SH2002 (MW811188), and CPV-SH2003 (MW811189). By comparing the

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Oono, Yuka, Hongling Nie, Renata Lima Matos, Kelun Wang, and Lars Arendt-Nielsen. "The inter- and intra-individual variance in descending pain modulation evoked by different conditioning stimuli in healthy men." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 2, no. 4 (2011): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2011.05.006.

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AbstractBackground and purposeConditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a phenomenon in which pain is inhibited by heterotopic noxious stimulation. It is not known how the experimental condition affects the magnitude of the CPM response and the inter-and intra-individual variations. It is important to get the information of the test–retest reliability and inter–individual variations of CPM to apply CPM as a diagnostic tool or for screening analgesic compounds. This study evaluated (1) the magnitude of CPM, (2) the inter-individual coefficient of variation (inter-CV) and (3) the intra-individual coe

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Gogone, Izabel Carolina Vargas Pinto, Flavia Regina Oliveira de Barros, Flavia Possatti, Amauri Alcindo Alfieri, and Elisabete Takiuchi. "Detection of canine parvovirus types 2b and 2c in canine faecal samples contaminating urban thoroughfares in Brazil." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 66, no. 2 (2020): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2019-0137.

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Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a highly contagious virus that causes acute gastroenteritis in dogs all over the world. Because of its stability in the environment, CPV-2 can remain infective for a long time, especially if protected in organic matter. To demonstrate CPV-2’s potential as an environmental hazard for nonimmunized susceptible hosts, we investigated 50 faecal samples collected from public areas in a municipality of Paraná state, Brazil. Seven samples tested positive for CPV by a PCR assay targeting the partial VP2 gene, with three strains being confirmed as CPV-2b variant and o

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Rakib, Tofazzal Md, Babu Kanti Nath, Tridip Das, Saroj Kumar Yadav, Shane R. Raidal, and Shubhagata Das. "Retrospective Genotyping and Whole Genome Sequencing of a Canine Parvovirus Outbreak in Bangladesh." Pathogens 10, no. 11 (2021): 1373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111373.

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Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) outbreaks in close quarters such as kennels or shelters can cause substantial case fatality. Thirteen dead Labradors from a secluded kennel of security dogs presented with typical clinical signs and gross pathology of parvovirus infection. Whole genome shotgun sequencing from tissue-extracted genomic DNA detected new CPV-2a as the contributing antigenic variant. Further genotyping using polymerase chain reaction coupled with high-resolution melt assays (PCR-HRM) confirmed new CPV-2a infection in all deceased dogs. PCR-HRM of additional thirty-four clinically suspect

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Kopecka, Marie, Lucie Slamova, David Sumerauer, et al. "NFS-25. CANCER PREDISPOSITION SYNDROMES IN THE PROSPECTIVE PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR COHORT." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_4 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae064.583.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The etiology of pediatric cancer remains largely unclear, with only a small proportion of patients (8-10%) harboring cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS). However, prospective studies evaluating CPS in pediatric neuro-oncology patients are scarce. We aimed to investigate the incidence and spectrum of CPS in this patient population. METHODS Newly diagnosed pediatric brain tumor patients from 2020 to 2023 were consented, and their germline DNA was sequenced using a DNA panel for next-generation sequencing (NGS) or whole-exome sequencing. Patients with previously known NF1, N

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Valiakhmetova, A. F., L. I. Papusha, A. V. Sanakoeva, et al. "CHOROID PLEXUS TUMORS IN CHILDREN: ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL DATA." Pediatria. Journal named after G.N. Speransky 100, no. 3 (2021): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24110/0031-403x-2021-100-3-53-60.

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Choroid plexus tumors (CPT) are rare neoplasms accounting for 2–5% of all brain tumours in children, and are most commonly under 2 years of age. Most of these tumors present with symptoms of intracranial hypertension. Survival directly depends on the histological variant of the CPT. Objective of the study: to analyze the current and outcome characteristics of patients with CPT depending on the morphological variant. This study is a multicenter, retrospective, open, uncontrolled, non-comparative, non-randomized, longitudinal study. Materials and methods of research: 152 children with CPT accord

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Organtini, Lindsey J., Andrew B. Allison, Tiit Lukk, Colin R. Parrish, and Susan Hafenstein. "Global Displacement of Canine Parvovirus by a Host-Adapted Variant: Structural Comparison between Pandemic Viruses with Distinct Host Ranges." Journal of Virology 89, no. 3 (2014): 1909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02611-14.

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Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) emerged in 1978 and spread worldwide within 2 years. Subsequently, CPV-2 was completely replaced by the variant CPV-2a, which is characterized by four specific capsid (VP2) mutations. The X-ray crystal structure of the CPV-2a capsid shows that each mutation confers small local changes. The loss of a hydrogen bond and introduction of a glycine residue likely introduce flexibility to sites that control interactions with the host receptor, antibodies, and sialic acids.

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