Relevant bibliographies by topics / CR divider

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'CR divider'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "CR divider"

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Oh, Kwang-Il, Goo-Han Ko, Jeong-Geun Kim, and Donghyun Baek. "An 18.8–33.9 GHz, 2.26 mW Current-Reuse Injection-Locked Frequency Divider for Radar Sensor Applications." Sensors 21, no. 7 (April 6, 2021): 2551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072551.

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An 18.8–33.9 GHz, 2.26 mW current-reuse (CR) injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) for radar sensor applications is presented in this paper. A fourth-order resonator is designed using a transformer with a distributed inductor for wideband operating of the ILFD. The CR core is employed to reduce the power consumption compared to conventional cross-coupled pair ILFDs. The targeted input center frequency is 24 GHz for radar application. The self-oscillated frequency of the proposed CR-ILFD is 14.08 GHz. The input frequency locking range is from 18.8 to 33.8 GHz (57%) at an injection power of 0 dBm without a capacitor bank or varactors. The proposed CR-ILFD consumes 2.26 mW of power from a 1 V supply voltage. The entire die size is 0.75 mm × 0.45 mm. This CR-ILFD is implemented in a 65 nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology.
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Syafawi, Lely. "PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEND, LIKUIDITAS DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN." EKONOMI BISNIS 25, no. 2 (January 31, 2020): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33592/jeb.v25i2.426.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Kebijakan Dividend (KD), Likuiditas yang diproksikan oleh Current Ratio (CR) dan Quick Ratio (QR) dan Leverage (LG), secara parsial dan simultan terhadap nilai perusahaan (PBV) pada perusahaan LQ 45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2011-2015. Periode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lima tahun yaitu mulai tahun 2011-2015. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan-perusahaan yang tergabung dalam perusahaan LQ 45 yang sudah dan masih terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2011-2015. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling, dari populasi sebanyak 45 perusahaan diperoleh 10 perusahaan sebagai sampel. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data disimpulkan bahwa secara parsial Kebijakan Dividend, Current Ratio (CR), Quick Ratio (QR) dan Leverage berpengaruh tidak siginifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil uji F, secara simultan kebijakan dividen (KD), Current Ratio (CR), Quick Ratio (QR) dan Leverage (LG) terhadap nilai perusahaan. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai F hitung sebesar 1.259 dan nilai signifikansi 0,395. Nilai koefisien determinasi (adjusted R2) sebesar 0,103 menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh kebijakan dividen (KD), Current Ratio (CR), Quick Ratio (QR) dan Leverage (LG) terhadap nilai perusahaan sebesar 10,3%, dan sisanya dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.Kata kunci: Nilai perusahaan, Kebijakan Dividend, Current Ratio, Quick Ratio dan Leverage
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Muttaqiin, Ninnasi. "ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2013-2017." Accounting and Management Journal 3, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33086/amj.v3i1.1181.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi kebijakan dividen pada perusahaan non-keuangan di Indonesia. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah return on equity (ROE), current ratio (CR), debt to equity ratio (DER), ukuran perusahaan, pertumbuhan perusahaan, dan free cash flow (FCF), sedangkan variabel dependen yaitu kebijakan dividen diproksikan dengan penggunaan variabel dividend payout ratio (DPR). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari laporan keuangan perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di BEI selama tahun 2013 hingga 2017. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling yang menghasilkan sampel berjumlah 12 perusahaan. Alat analisis yang digunakan untuk pengujian hipotesis adalah SPSS versi 21. Penelitian ini memberikan hasil bahwa ROE berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen. CR, DER, dan FCF berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen. Ukuran perusahaan dan pertumbuhan perusahaan berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen.
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Boardman, J. "Review. Archaeology and theory. Time, tradition and society in Greek archaeology: bridging the 'great divide'. N Spencer (ed)." Classical Review 46, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 344–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/46.2.344.

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Elsa Betavia, Ade. "Analisis Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Kebijakan Dividen, Pertumbuhan Perusahaan Dan Struktur Aktiva Terhadap Struktur Modal." JURNAL EKSPLORASI AKUNTANSI 1, no. 4 (December 5, 2019): 1741–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jea.v1i4.173.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Profitability (ROE), Liquidity (CR), Dividend Policy (DPR), Growth (Sales Growth) , Asset Structure of the Capital Structure (DER). This study population is listed manufacturing industry in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2014. The method of analysis used in this study is a quantitative method with the statistical analysis of panel data regression. Using Capital Structure as variable dependent and Profitability, Liquidity, Dividend Policy, Growth, Asset Structure as independent variables. Results of the study showed partial Probability (ROE) and Liquidity (CR) significant on the Capital Structure (DER). Dividend Policy (DPR), Growth (sales growth) and Asset Structure not influence significantly to the Capital Structure (DER). Profitability (ROE), Liquidity (CR), Dividend Policy (DPR) , Growth (Sales Growth) and Asset Structure simultaneously significant on the Capital Structure (DER).
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Pangestuti, Dewi Cahyani. "ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN." Jurnal Mitra Manajemen 3, no. 11 (December 3, 2019): 1055–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52160/ejmm.v3i11.294.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan leverage terhadap kebijakan dividen. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdapat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Pemilihan sample dari 154 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2015-2017 menghasilkan 40 perusahaan yang dapat dijadikan sampel. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Microsoft Excel 2010 dan pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi data panel dengan program E-Views 9.0 dan tingkat signifikansi 5%. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa profitabilitas (ROA) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen (DPR), likuiditas (CR) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen (DPR), leverage (DER) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen (DPR).
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Kashiwakura, Y., S. Matsuo, Y. Sakai, J. Ohshima, and A. Ueda. "Investigation of Magnetic Recording Media with Magnetic Layer Divided by Cr Interlayer." IEEE Translation Journal on Magnetics in Japan 9, no. 2 (March 1994): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tjmj.1994.4565828.

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Khoiruddin, Moh, and Yuni Setiowati. "Penentu Kebijakan Dividen Perusahaan yang Sahamnya Masuk dalam Daftar Efek Syariah." Muqtasid: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/muqtasid.v4i2.179-198.

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This study purpose to the determine the influence of Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Earning Per Share, and Return On Assets to the Dividend Policy (Dividend Payout Ratio) for companies included Daftar Efek Syariah period 2008-2010 simultaneously and partial. The population in this study all companies included Daftar Efek Syariah period 2008-2010 amount to 286 companies. The sample selection procedure used was a purposive sampling so that it produced 44 companies. Secondary data was collected by the documentation technique were obtained from the fundamental annual report 2011. The analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis using the tools of SPSS. The research found that four variables of kind of CR, DER, EPS and ROA simultaneously influence to DPR for companies included Daftar Efek Syariah period 2008-2010. The three variables of kind of CR, EPS, and ROA partially influence positive significant to DPR, while variable DER influence negative but insignificant to DPR for companies included Daftar Efek Syariah period 2008-2010.
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Pranata, Hans Christian, and Ratnawati Kurnia. "Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, Dan Kebijakan Dividen Terhadap Harga Saham." Jurnal ULTIMA Accounting 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/akuntansi.v5i2.153.

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The objective of this research is to examine the impact of profitability, liquidity, leverage, and also dividend policy partially and simultaneously towards share price. The profitability is proxied by Net Profit Margin (NPM), liquidity is proxied by Current Ratio (CR), leverage is proxied by Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER), and dividend policy is proxied by Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR). The objects of this study are companies which have listed in Indeks Kompas100 in period 2009-2011. The samples are 17 companies determined based on purposive sampling. Data used in this study is secondary data such as financial statements and daily share price. The result of this study are (1) profitability proxied by Net Profit Margin has partial positive significant impact to share price (2) liquidity proxied by Current Ratio does not have partial negative significant impact to share price (3) leverage proxied by Debt-to-Equity Ratio does not have partial negative significant impact to share price (4) dividend policy proxied by Dividend Payout Ratio has partial positive significant impact to share price (5) profitability, liquidity, leverage, and dividend policy simultaneously have significant impact to share price. Keywords: profitability, liquidity, leverage, dividend policy, Net Profit Margin (NPM), Current Ratio (CR), Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER), Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), share price.
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Ayu, Ni Kadek Ayu Trisnadewi, and Ni Wayan Novi Budiasni. "ANALISIS DIVIDEN PAYOUT RATIO DENGAN PENDEKATAN CURRENT RATIO (CR), DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER), RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI) PADA PERUSAHAAN BUMN TAHUN 2015-2020." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Bisnis 6, no. 1 (August 3, 2021): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.38043/jiab.v6i1.3035.

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Analisis Dividen Payout Ratio Dengan Pendekatan Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return On Investment (ROI) Pada Perusahaan BUMN Tahun 2015-2020. Tujuan penelitian ini berupaya mempelajari beberapa variabel dari CR,DER dan ROI yang dapat digunakan sebagai alat untuk memprediksi secara singkat dalam penentuan kebijakan deviden. Objek penelitian adalah perusahan BUMN yang di dalamnya termasuk ke periode tahun 2015-2020 dalam penelitian ini. sampel penelitian ini adalah 35 data yaitu 7 perusahaan BUMN yang secara konsisten membayarkan dividen selama 5 tahun dari tahun 2015-2020 dan juga yang ditentukan melalui metode purposive sampling sebanyak 7 perusahaan. Analissi menggunakan metode kuantitatif terhadap laporan keuangan perusahaan BUMN untuk tahun periode 2015-2020 juga akan di lakukan. Hasil anlisis menunjukkan besarnya pengaruh CR terhadap DPR sebesar 15,39% yang berarti CR berpengaruh sangat rendah terhadap DPR. DER berpengaruh terhadap DPR sebesar 0,45% ROI terhadap DPR sebesar 61,08% yang berarti ROI memiliki pengaruh sangat kuat terhadap DPR. Kata kunci : DPR, CR, DER, ROI
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CR divider"

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Potáček, Lukáš. "Měřicí systém pro registraci atmosférických a spínacích přepětí v energetické síti." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233445.

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This thesis is oriented to a specific section of energetics concerned with detection and registration of time responses of fast overvoltages in high-voltage power networks. The first part of this text is information about measuring frequency response characteristics of CR-divider and calculation of typical signal distortion caused by transfer function of this divider. The design of anti-aliasing filter is also included. The second part of this thesis is oriented to selecting key features of a measuring instrument specialized for detecting and recording fast events in electrical power networks. A selection of optimal type of processor and also a choice of communication interfaces is included there as well. The last chapter prepares mathematical procedures for classification of typical fast events in electrical power network using artificial neural networks.
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Barker, Marjorie. "Effects of divided attention on memory for discourse /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3136402.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 363-370). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Gallagher, William Lynn. "Fault tolerant multipliers and dividers using time shared triple modular redundancy /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Brown, Jeremy. "Crossing the rural-urban divide in twentieth-century China." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3307361.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 10, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 370-386).
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Stahlberg, Benjamin B. "Spinoza's philosophy of divine order." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Phillips, Isabel A. "The ADR / CR Divide: An Autoethnographic Interrogation of its Impact on the Theory and Practice of Mediation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17417.

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There is a divide between the fields of Conflict Resolution (CR) and Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) that impacts on the transfer of knowledge and skills. This is the central hypothesis investigated and confirmed through analysis of the literatures of the two fields, the responses to a questionnaire to practitioners, and autoethnographic interrogation. A generational analysis of authors is combined with the results of a (N=28) questionnaire with practitioners from both fields. This delineates the divide in the theory and literature as well as how those operating in each field identify, conceptualise mediation and what they read. The autoethnography explores the fundamental impact of on conflict role definitions generally and the mediator specifically. It then looks at the impact of crossing the ADR/CR divide on mediation practice, highlighting the necessity for practitioners of a ‘both and’ approach to skills/ knowledge and attitude/qualities. This leads to the consideration of a framework for mediator competence across the ADR/CR divide. The interaction of the mediators’ normative project and the ability of parties to self-determine is explored practically and ethically. This highlights a range of issues with expectations mediation and mediators and foregrounds the impact on the mediator of the mediator role. It ends with a call for further research using innovative methodologies, such as autoethnography, that illuminate mediation as a relational process.
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O'Hara, Matthew David. "A flock divided : religion and community in Mexico City, 1749-1800 /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3091316.

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Gatlin, Kang Su. "Portable high performance programming via architecture-cognizant divide-and-conquer algorithms /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9984305.

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Jennings, Nancy Ann. "Across the digital divide : children, families, and schools in the information society /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004295.

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Neely, Jeremy. "Divided in the middle : a history of the Kansas-Missouri Border, 1854-1896 /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3164531.

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Book chapters on the topic "CR divider"

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Mukherjee, Amrit, Sagaika Sahoo, and Amlan Datta. "Sensing and Performance Issues with Reconfigurable Wireless Transceiver." In Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication, 182–203. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2342-0.ch009.

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With the wide applications of wireless communication, it becomes an important factor to keep the pace of the spectrum usage for all the new applications. To improve efficiently the spectrum usage in variety of applications, where the primary users are not active all the time, we can introduce the secondary users to exploit the radio frequency spectrum by not creating any interference to the Primary Users (PU). Unlike the pre-assigned spectrum allocation policy that has been adopted by various wireless technologies, in Cognitive Radio (CR), the whole spectrum is divided into many bands and corresponding channels where spectrum holes exist. The main challenge is thus to sense these holes and accommodate the secondary unlicensed users. In this chapter, proposing the Quantized data fusion sensing which is one of the type of cooperative sensing scheme used for unused spectrum sensing and acknowledgement to secondary signals. Simulation results with error rates are improved by the activity of PU and have been presented.
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Conference papers on the topic "CR divider"

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Maruyama, Kouichi, and Kyosuke Yoshimi. "Methodology of Creep Data Analysis for Advanced High Cr Ferritic Steel." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/creep2007-26150.

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Long term creep rupture life is usually evaluated from short term data by a time-temperature parameter (TTP) method. The apparent activation energy Q for rupture life of steels sometimes changes from a high value of short term creep to a low value of long term creep. However, the conventional TTP analyses ignore the decrease in Q, resulting in the overestimation of rupture life recognized recently in advanced high Cr ferritic steels. A multi region analysis of creep rupture data is applied to a creep data set of Gr.122 steel; in the analysis a creep rupture data is divided into several data sets so that Q value is unique in each divided data set. The multi region analysis provides the best fit to the data and the lowest value of 105 h creep rupture strength among the three ways of data analysis examined. The conventional single region analysis cannot correctly represent the data points and predicts the highest strength. A half of 0.2% proof stress could not be an appropriate boundary for dividing data to be used in the multi region analysis. In the 2001 Edition of ASME Code an F average concept has been proposed as a substitution for the safety factor of 2/3 for average rupture stress. The allowable stress of Gr.122 steel may decrease significantly when the F average concept and the multi region analysis are adopted.
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Sugita, Y., A. Ito, S. Sakurai, T. E. Bloomer, and J. Kameda. "Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Aluminized CoCrAlY Coatings in Advanced Gas Turbine Blades Using a Small Punch Testing Method." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-532.

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This paper describes examination of the microstructure/composition and mechanical properties (22–950 °C) in over aluminized CoCrAlY coatings of advanced gas turbine blades using scanning Auger microprobe and a small punch (SP) testing method. Aluminized coatings consisted of layered structure divided into four regions; (I) Al enriched and Cr depleted region, (II) Al and Cr graded region, (III) fine grained microstructure with a mixture of Al and Cr enriched phases and (IV) Ni/Co interdifusion zone adjacent to the interface. SP specimens were prepared in order that the specimen surface would be located in the various coating regions. SP tests indicated a strong dependence of the fracture properties on the various coatings regions. Coating zones I and II with high micro hardness showed much easier formation of brittle cracks in a wide temperature range, compared to regions III and IV The coating region III had lower room temperature ductility than the zone IV. However, the ductility in the coating zone III exceeded that in the region IV above 730 °C due to a precipitous ductility increase. The integrity of aluminized coatings while in-service is discussed in light of the variation of the low cycle fatigue life as well as the ductility in the layered structure.
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Rebak, Rau´l B., and Paul Crook. "Influence of the Environment on the General Corrosion Rate of Alloy 22 (N06022)." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2793.

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Nickel (Ni) can dissolve a large amount of alloying elements while still maintaining its desirable austenitic microstructure. The resulting alloys are generally divided in families depending on the type of alloying elements they contain. Each one of these families is aimed to specific applications. Corrosive environments in industrial applications are generally divided for example in reducing acids, oxidizing acids, contaminated acids, caustic environments, oxidizing salts, etc. Depending on the application and the environment (electrolyte composition and temperature) several or single alloys may be recommended to fabricate components. The Ni-chromium-molybdenum (Ni-Cr-Mo) series contains a balanced selection of beneficial alloying elements so it can handle a variety of aggressive environments. By design, Alloy 22 or N06022 is one of the most versatile corrosion resistant nickel alloys since it has outstanding corrosion resistance both in reducing and oxidizing conditions.
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Harrison, H. T., and Robert Gurdal. "Comparison Between ASME Code-Case N-761, NUREG/CR-6909 and Stainless Steel Component Fatigue Test Results." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28883.

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For Class 1 components, the consideration of the environmental effects on fatigue has been suggested to be evaluated through two different methodologies: either NUREG/CR-6909 from March 2007 or ASME-Code Case N-761 from August 2010. The purpose of this technical paper is to compare these two methods. In addition, the equations from Revision 1 of the NUREG/CR-6909 will be evaluated. For these comparisons, two stainless steel component fatigue test series with documented results are considered. These two fatigue test series are completely different from each other (applied cyclic displacements vs. insurge/outsurge types of transients). Therefore, they are producing an appropriate foundation for these comparisons. In general, the severities of the two methods are compared, where the severity is defined as the actual number of cycles from the fatigue tests, including an evaluation of the scatter, divided by the number of design cycles from the two methods. Also, how stable the methods are is being evaluated through the calculation of the coefficient of variation for each method.
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Moresi, Eduardo Henrique Costa, Pedro Piancastelli Moreira, Isabela Lemos Ferrer, Melorie Kern Capovilla Sarubo Baptistella, and Claúdia Vicari Bolognani. "Classificação de Robson em um hospital público do Distrito Federal." In 44° Congresso da SGORJ - XXIII Trocando Ideias. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/jbg-0368-1416-2020130279.

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Introdução: Em 2015, a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) recomendou a utilização da Classificação de Robson (CR) para monitorar e comparar as taxas de cesárea ao longo do tempo em um mesmo hospital e entre hospitais diferentes. A CR divide as gestantes em dez grupos, auxiliando na identificação do risco para cesárea e na proposição de estratégias para trazer a taxa de cesárea o mais próximo do ideal, sem comprometer a qualidade do serviço. Objetivo: Avaliar as taxas de cesáreas em um hospital público do Distrito Federal pela CR. Material e Métodos: Estudo transversal, observacional e retrospectivo que incluiu todos os partos realizados no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2019 em um hospital público de referência para partos na cidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal (DF). Coletaram-se os dados de prontuários eletrônicos do sistema Intersystems trackCareTM, da Secretaria de Estado e Saúde do DF. As gestantes foram categorizadas em dez grupos de acordo com as características: paridade, cesárea prévia, início de trabalho de parto, idade gestacional, apresentação fetal e número de fetos. A frequência dos eventos foi realizada no programa SPSS Statistics v.22 e teve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde (CEP/ESCS, 1.689.117). Resultados e Conclusão: Em 2019, ocorreram 2.205 partos, sendo 1.121 (50,9%) partos normais e 1.084 (49,1%) cesáreas. De acordo com a CR, os grupos G1 (nulípara, feto único, cefálico, ≥37 semanas, trabalho de parto (TP) espontâneo), G3 (multípara sem cesárea anterior, feto único, cefálico, ≥37 semanas, TP espontâneo) e G5 (multípara com cesárea prévia, feto único, cefálico, ≥37 semanas) totalizaram 69,2% dos partos. Os grupos G5 e G2 (nulípara, feto único, cefálico, ≥37 semanas, induzido ou cesárea antes do TP) contribuíram com mais de 50% das cesáreas, — 39,3 e 21,2%, respectivamente. Dentro dos grupos, o G5 teve 81,1% de seus partos cesáreas, seguido dos grupos G2, com 77,4%, e G10 (gestação única, feto cefálico, 36 semanas, inclusive com cesárea prévia), com 51,5%. Os grupos G6 (nulíparas com apresentação pélvica), G7 (multíparas com apresentação pélvica, inclusive com cesárea prévia), G8 (gestações múltiplas, inclusive com cesárea prévia) e G9 (gestações córmicas ou oblíquas, inclusive com cesárea prévia), juntos, totalizaram 5% dos partos e contribuíram com 9,6% do total de cesáreas. Destarte, percebe-se que as taxas de cesárea no hospital de estudo foram compatíveis com as taxas encontradas no Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil, porém muito acima do recomendado pela OMS (15%). O G5 foi mais prevalente, seguido dos grupos G2 e G10, recomendando estratégias específicas dirigidas às nulíparas e aos pré-termos.
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6

Choi, Kyoung Joon, Jong Jin Kim, and Ji Hyun Kim. "A Study of Thermal Aging Effects on Microstructures of Dissimilar Metal Weldment." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15851.

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Characterizations of microstructure and mechanical property were conducted to investigate the effect of long-term thermal aging on the microstructural evolution in the fusion boundary region between weld metal and low alloy steel in dissimilar metal welds. A representative dissimilar weld mock-up made of Alloy 690-Alloy 152-A533 Gr. B was fabricated and aged at 450°C for 5,500 hours. It was observed that the region near the fusion boundary was generally divided into several regions including dilution zone in the Ni-base alloy weld metal, fusion boundary, and heat-affected zone in the low alloy steel. A steep gradient was shown in the chemical composition profile across the interface between A533 Gr. B and Alloy 152. The precipitation of carbides was also observed along and near the fusion boundary of aged dissimilar metal joints. It was also found that the precipitation of Cr carbides was enhanced by the thermal aging near the fusion boundary.
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Choi, Kyoung Joon, Seung Chang Yoo, Chi Bum Bahn, and Ji Hyun Kim. "Investigation of Microstructural Changes due to Thermal Aging in Dissimilar Metal Welds." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28699.

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To investigate the effect of long-term thermal aging on the fusion boundary region between low-alloy steel A533 Gr. B and weld metal Alloy 152, a representative dissimilar weld mockup composed of Alloy 690/Alloy 152/A533 Gr. B was aged in laboratory furnaces under accelerated temperature conditions. The aging time was determined using the diffusion equation. The heat treatment was performed at 450°C for 60-y equivalent time (5,500 h) to simulate thermal aging effects. An additional aging heat treatment was also performed at 400°C for 15- and 30-y equivalent times (6,450 and 12,911 h, respectively) to determine the effects of temperature on aged microstructures. The characterization was mainly conducted in the microstructure of the fusion boundary region in the weld root region using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and three-dimensional atom probe tomography. It was determined that the region near the fusion boundary was generally divided into several regions, such as a dilution zone (that included a chemical gradient in the weld side), fusion boundary, and heat-affected zone in the low-alloy steel. The results of this study showed that heat treatment increased Cr content in the dilution zone, but the chemical gradient in the weld side near the fusion boundary persisted. For the microstructure, it was observed that treatment induced the formation and growth of Cr precipitates in the fusion boundary region of the dissimilar metal joints due to the thermodynamic driving force. At two heat treatment conditions (400 and 450°C), although the extent of the results described above differed, the trend in the results appeared to be the same. This microstructure information can improve the understanding of cracking-resistant change when structural changes occur. Furthermore, such data will be important for assessing the effects of aging on structural components and for evaluating the long-term operation of nuclear power plants.
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San Andrés, Luis, Tingcheng Wu, Hideaki Maeda, and Ono Tomoki. "A Computational Fluid Dynamics Modified Bulk Flow Analysis for Circumferentially Shallow Grooved Liquid Seals." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-63492.

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In straight-through centrifugal pumps, a grooved seal acts as a balance piston to equilibrate the full pressure rise across the pump. As the groove pattern breaks the development of fluid swirl, this seal type offers lesser leakage and lower cross-coupled stiffnesses than a similar size and clearance annular seal. Bulk-flow models predict expediently the static and dynamic force characteristics of annular seals; however they lack accuracy for grooved seals. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods give more accurate results, but are not computationally efficient. This paper presents a modified bulk-flow model to predict the rotordynamic force coefficients of shallow depth circumferentially grooved liquid seals with an accuracy comparable to a CFD solution but with a simulation time of bulk-flow analyses. The procedure utilizes the results of CFD to evaluate the bulk flow velocity field and the friction factors for a 73 grooves annular seal (depth/clearance dg/ Cr = 0.98 and length/diameter L/D = 0.9) operating under various sets of axial pressure drop and rotor speed. In a groove, the flow divides into a jet through the film land and a strong recirculation zone. The penetration angle (α), specifying the streamline separation in the groove cavity, is a function of the operating conditions; an increase in rotor speed or a lower pressure difference increases α. This angle plays a prominent role to evaluate the stator friction factor and has a marked influence on the seal direct stiffness. In the bulk-flow code the friction factor model (f = nRem) is modified with the CFD extracted penetration angle (α) to account for the flow separation in the groove cavity. The flow rate predicted by the modified bulk-flow code shows good agreement with a measured result (6% difference). A perturbation of the flow field is performed on the bulk-flow equations to evaluate the reaction forces on the rotor surface. Compared to the rotordynamic force coefficients derived from the CFD results, the modified bulk-flow code predicts rotordynamic force coefficients within 10%, except that the cross-coupled damping coefficient is over-predicted up to 14%. An example test seal with a few grooves (L/D = 0.5, dg/Cr = 2.5) serves to further validate the predictions of the modified bulk-flow model. Compared to the original bulk-flow analysis, the current method shows a significant improvement in the predicted rotordynamic force coefficients, the direct stiffness and damping coefficients in particular.
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Wang, Xin-jun, Hong-lei Ai, Xi-feng Lu, and Feng He. "Study on Cycle-Based Fatigue Monitoring Technique." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66742.

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According to NUREG/CR-6909, the coolant environments have great influence on the fatigue resistance of the nuclear piping and equipment. As there are many conservatives in the cycle number and temperature/pressure scope of design transient, the fatigue usage factor of some main equipment may exceed the design requirement if the environmentally-assisted fatigue (EAF) is considered in the design phase. In order to solve this problem, the fatigue usage factor may be calculated by using real transient cycle and sequence based on cycle-based fatigue monitoring technique in nuclear power plant. Using this method the conservatives of design transients will be deleted and the life of main equipments should not be influenced by considering EAF. The method flow and key technologies for cycle-based fatigue monitoring technique were studied. Four steps were needed to get fatigue usage factor: transient statistics, stress reconstruction, fatigue calculation and EAF correction. Plant signals needed for the fatigue monitoring system were provided based on in service nuclear power plant. Transient statistics (include transient detection, classification and statistics) was the most important and difficulty of the four steps and it could not only benefit the fatigue life, but also can benefit the aging management, design and operating improvement. Transient statistics was done according to reactor power level, the initial state and causes of the transient, the protection actions and some of other important plant signals. According to reactor power which is the most important signal, the transient can be divided into four types: transients during reactor at no-load, full-power, power varying and reactor trip. The initial and final state of the transient and rate of change were used to classify the no-load transients. At full power state, only two transients were included. Power varying transients can be classified by initial and final power level. Reactor trip signals, pump state, pressure, temperature and other operating signals were used to classify reactor trip transients. A stress sequence was built according to transient sequence. The extremal stress of the sequence was selected and fatigue usage factor was calculated. The environmental correction factor Fen mentioned in NUREG/CR-6909 was used to modify the fatigue usage factor in order to consider the influence of EAF. The method was verified by assumption events and the result shows that the method could detect and classify operating transients accurately. The cycle-based fatigue monitoring technique should be improved by using the real plant parameters and can be programmed and used in plant fatigue monitor.
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10

Gill, Peter, Peter Brown, David Tice, Norman Platts, and Chris Currie. "Fatigue Initiation of 304L Stainless Steel Subject to Thermal Shock Loading in a PWR Environment." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93923.

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Abstract The evaluation procedures for fatigue initiation of nuclear class 1 components are defined in ASME BPVC Section III NB-3200 (Design by Analysis) and NB-3600 (Piping Design). Design fatigue curves are provided to establish the suitability of a component for cyclic service and define the allowable number of cycles as a function of applied stress amplitude (S-N curves). The number of load cycles at a particular strain range is then divided by the cycles to failure to obtain a partial usage factor., and the cumulative usage factor (CUF) for the component site, calculated from the sum of the partial usage factors, must be less than one. The original fatigue evaluation procedures did not include the effects of the PWR or BWR coolant environments, but laboratory test data indicate that significant fatigue life reductions can occur under such conditions, depending on strain rates and temperatures. These observations led to the formulation of modified procedures, originally published in NUREG-CR/6909 which required the usage factors to be increased by an additional environmental factor, Fen, which accounts for the deleterious effects of high temperature water. An ASME Code Case N-792-1 has now been included in ASME Section III which is based on the NUREG-CR/6909 equations, with some minor modifications. The Fen factors are derived from testing of membrane-loaded solid round tensile or tubular specimens at different strain rates and temperatures. The data were obtained using simple triangular waveforms, i.e. at constant strain rate, and the temperature was also constant for each test. However, for components subject to plant loading, the situation is significantly more complicated, with most major transients being thermal in origin. For a thermal shock transient some key characteristics become apparent. These are (i) temperature is out-of-phase with strain (ii) strain rate and temperature vary through the cycle with a faster strain rate at the top of the cycle (iii) stress decays through the wall of the component. Several assumptions need to be made in order to simplify the assessment of these sorts of transients. Examples of such assumptions include the choice of temperature for the calculation (e.g. maximum or average through the transient) and the method of strain rate calculation (e.g. assumption of constant strain rate, or integration through the cycle, i.e. the modified strain rate approach). These assumptions can be overly conservative and hence very restrictive for plant operators when making safety justifications. Improved models have been developed which weight fatigue damage through the cycle, which is consistent with recent observations from testing under complex load cycles. Although these models can more accurately predict fatigue life for loading that is representative of PWR transients, they still assume membrane loading which is unrealistic for thermal shock transients in thin walled components. Details of a testing capability at Wood (formerly Amec Foster Wheeler) or thermal shock testing in a PWR environment were presented in a previous paper (ASME PVP2018-84923). The predictions of fatigue initiation indicated test durations of 2–3 months based on the latest fatigue models for austenitic stainless steel. The current paper presents the results of the first thermal shock tests carried out on a type 304L stainless steel. The predictions are compared with experimental observations and the accuracy of the models are assessed.
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