Journal articles: 'Crabs – Effect of stress on'

1

Hastuti, Yuni Puji, Horas Nadeak, Ridwan Affandi, and Kurnia Faturrohman. "Penentuan pH optimum untuk pertumbuhan kepiting bakau Scylla serrata dalam wadah terkontrol." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 15, no. 2 (December 22, 2016): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.15.2.171-179.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT One of the abiotic factors that affects the growth and the survival of crabs is pH. The optimum pH media will give maximum impact on mangrove crabs because it is related with the osmoregulation process. This study aimed to examine the effect of pH on the survival rate (SR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of mangrove crab Scylla serrata through the reaction of physiological condition. This study consisted of the treatments with the pH medium 5 (A), pH medium 6 (B), pH medium 7 (C), and pH medium 8 (D). The crab’s maintenance in different pH gave a significant effect (P<0.05) on the survival rate of the crabs. The pH treatments also gave a significant effect (P<0.05) on the SGR of the crabs. The low level of crab stress at pH 7 was described by the total value of high hemocyte and the high osmotic load so that the pH 7 was the optimum condition for the crabs. Keywords: pH, survival, specific growth rate, mangrove crabs ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor abiotik yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup kepiting adalah pH. Media pH optimum akan memberikan dampak maksimum pada kepiting bakau karena terkait dengan proses osmoregulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pH pada tingkat kelangsungan hidup (SR) dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR) kepiting mangrove Scylla serrata melalui reaksi kondisi fisiologis. Penelitian ini terdiri atas perlakuan dengan media pH 5 (A), sedang pH 6 (B), sedang pH 7 (C), dan menengah pH 8 (D). Pemeliharaan kepiting di pH yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan (P<0,05) pada tingkat kelangsungan hidup kepiting. Perlakuan pH juga memberikan efek yang signifikan (P<0,05) pada SGR dari kepiting. Rendahnya tingkat stres kepiting pada pH 7 digambarkan oleh nilai total hemosit tinggi dan beban osmotik tinggi sehingga pH 7 adalah kondisi optimum untuk kepiting. Kata kunci: pH, kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, kepiting mangrove

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Hastuti, Yuni Puji, Priyo Handoyo Wicaksono, Wildan Nurusallam, Siska Tridesianti, Yuli Siti Fatma, Kukuh Nirmala, Iman Rusmana, and Ridwan Affandi. "ADDITION OF SHELTERS TO CONTROL THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES AND PRODUCTION OF MUD CRAB Scylla serrata IN RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEM." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 12, no. 1 (April 27, 2020): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v12i1.30753.

Full text

Abstract:

The availability of shelters in a specific density is expected to increase the production of mud crabs (Scylla serrata) in a recirculation system. Shelter, as one of the abiotic factors, plays a pivotal role in reducing death caused by cannibalism of crab and suppressing the stress levels of biota. Recirculation Aquaculture System (RAS), with the culture box capacity 60 L supported by the shelters, is predicted to produce the best physiological and growth responses of mud crabs. This present study aims to evaluate the effect of shelter addition in the environmental recirculation system on the physiological responses and production of mud crabs S. serrata with a density of 10 crabs per one culture box containing 60 L of seawater. The research was set up with three treatments of shelter addition, i.e., two shelters (S2), four shelters (S4), six shelters (S6), and control without shelter (C). Results showed that S6 was the best treatment with a survival rate of 73.33 ± 5.8%, a specific growth rate of 0.886 ± 0.014%, the growth rate of carapace width 0.024 ± 0.004 cm/day, and the lowest feed conversion ratio than those of other treatments. S6 treatment significantly influenced the total hemocyte count of crabs at the early cultivation (P <0.05). Addition of six shelters could optimize the growth of mud crabs with a stocking density of 10 crabs in one culture box.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Altieri, Andrew H., and Andrew D. Irving. "Species coexistence and the superior ability of an invasive species to exploit a facilitation cascade habitat." PeerJ 5 (February 21, 2017): e2848. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2848.

Full text

Abstract:

Facilitation cascades generated by co-occurring foundation species can enhance the abundance and diversity of associated organisms. However, it remains poorly understood how differences among native and invasive species in their ability to exploit these positive interactions contribute to emergent patterns of community structure and biotic acceptance. On intertidal shorelines in New England, we examined the patterns of coexistence between the native mud crabs and the invasive Asian shore crab in and out of a facilitation cascade habitat generated by mid intertidal cordgrass and ribbed mussels. These crab species co-occurred in low intertidal cobbles adjacent to the cordgrass–mussel beds, despite experimental findings that the dominant mud crabs can kill and displace Asian shore crabs and thereby limit their successful recruitment to their shared habitat. A difference between the native and invasive species in their utilization of the facilitation cascade likely contributes to this pattern. Only the Asian shore crabs inhabit the cordgrass–mussel beds, despite experimental evidence that both species can similarly benefit from stress amelioration in the beds. Moreover, only Asian shore crabs settle in the beds, which function as a nursery habitat free of lethal mud crabs, and where their recruitment rates are particularly high (nearly an order of magnitude higher than outside beds). Persistence of invasive adult Asian shore crabs among the dominant native mud crabs in the low cobble zone is likely enhanced by a spillover effect of the facilitation cascade in which recruitment-limited Asian shore crabs settle in the mid intertidal cordgrass–mussel beds and subsidize their vulnerable populations in the adjacent low cobble zone. This would explain why the abundances of Asian shore crabs in cobbles are doubled when adjacent to facilitation cascade habitats. The propensity for this exotic species to utilize habitats created by facilitation cascades, despite the lack of a shared evolutionary history, contributes to species coexistence and the acceptance of invasives into a diverse community.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Wale, Matthew A., Stephen D. Simpson, and Andrew N. Radford. "Size-dependent physiological responses of shore crabs to single and repeated playback of ship noise." Biology Letters 9, no. 2 (April 23, 2013): 20121194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.1194.

Full text

Abstract:

Anthropogenic noise has fundamentally changed the acoustics of terrestrial and aquatic environments, and there is growing empirical evidence that even a single noise exposure can affect behaviour in a variety of vertebrate organisms. Here, we use controlled experiments to investigate how the physiology of a marine invertebrate, the shore crab ( Carcinus maenas ), is affected by both single and repeated exposure to ship-noise playback. Crabs experiencing ship-noise playback consumed more oxygen, indicating a higher metabolic rate and potentially greater stress, than those exposed to ambient-noise playback. The response to single ship-noise playback was size-dependent, with heavier crabs showing a stronger response than lighter individuals. Repeated exposure to ambient-noise playback led to increased oxygen consumption (probably due to handling stress), whereas repeated exposure to ship-noise playback produced no change in physiological response; explanations include the possibility that crabs exhibited a maximal response on first exposure to ship-noise playback, or that they habituated or become tolerant to it. These results highlight that invertebrates, like vertebrates, may also be susceptible to the detrimental impacts of anthropogenic noise and demonstrate the tractability for more detailed investigations into the effects of this pervasive global pollutant.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Delorenzi, A., B. Dimant, L. Frenkel, V. E. Nahmod, D. R. Nassel, and H. Maldonado. "High environmental salinity induces memory enhancement and increases levels of brain angiotensin-like peptides in the crab Chasmagnathus granulatus." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 22 (November 15, 2000): 3369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.22.3369.

Full text

Abstract:

Previous work on the brackish-water crab Chasmagnathus granulatus demonstrated that an endogenous peptide similar to angiotensin II plays a significant role in enhancing long-term memory that involves an association between context and an iterative danger stimulus (context-signal memory). The present results show that this memory enhancement could be produced by moving crabs from brackish water to sea water (33.0%) and keeping them there for at least 4 days. The possibility that such a facilitatory effect is due to osmotic stress is ruled out. Coincidentally, the level of angiotensin-II-like peptides in crab brain, measured by radioimmunoassay, increases with the length of exposure to sea water, reaching a significantly different level at the fourth day. The presence of angiotensin-II-like immunoreactive material in neural structures of the supraoesophageal and eyestalk ganglia was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. The results are interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that exposure to water of high salinity is an external cue triggering a process mediated by angiotensins that leads to enhanced memory in these crabs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Aguilar Vitorino, Pastrana Alta, and Ortega. "Lipid Peroxidation in Hepatopancreas, Gill, and Hemolymph of Male and Female Crabs Platyxanthus Orbignyi after Air Exposure." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7100347.

Full text

Abstract:

Levels of lipid peroxidation in hepatopancreas (HP), gill (G), and hemolymph (HYM) of stone violaceous crab Platyxanthus orbignyi (Milne Edwards and Lucas (1843)) were performed to examine the effect of short exposure to air. After four hours animals were collected, 14 from exposure to air and 10 from seawater were dissected and their lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were evaluated using the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange (FOX) method, in gill, hepatopancreas, and hemolymph. The total mortality of those crabs was evaluated after seven hours at 22 ± 1 °C on exposure to air conditions. Levels of LPO in hepatopancreas (female/male = 4.68 ± 1.60/5.12 ± 1.59 Eq-H2O2/g wet tissue) and hemolymph (female/male = 1.48 ± 1.42/1.28 ± 1.06 Eq-H2O2/g wet tissue) displayed no significant differences, in contrast, gills displayed significant differences (male/female = 5.63 ± 0.83/4.63 ± 0.44 Eq-H2O2/g wet tissue, p < 0.05). The results showed that air exposure in the short term in this study induces a different response in oxidative stress levels and damage could be accompanied by accumulation of peroxide lipids (LOOH). These results suggest that different organs can show different responses to oxidative stress between male and female crabs to this species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Xu, P., H. Chen, Y. Xi, X. Mao, and L. Wang. "Oxidative stress induced by acute and sub-chronic cadmium exposure in the ovaries of the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense (Dai, 1975)." Crustaceana 89, no. 9 (2016): 1041–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003573.

Full text

Abstract:

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic environmental pollutants, and is known to have multiple toxic effects on many tissues and organs, including the ovaries. However, the mechanisms underlying Cd toxicity on animal ovaries remain unknown. Here we examined the acute and sub-chronic effects of Cd on the ovaries of the freshwater crab,Sinopotamon henanense(Dai, 1975). Acute effects were studied by treating crabs for 3, 5 and 7 days with two Cd concentrations (7.25 or 14.5 mg/l) and sub-chronic Cd treatment was achieved by treating crabs for 7, 14 and 28 days, respectively, with 0.725 or 1.45 mg/l of Cd. Results showed that Cd levels were significantly increased, in both dose- and time-dependent manners in the sub-chronic groups and in a dose-dependent manner in the acute groups. In the sub-chronic groups, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, SOD, CAT and GPx, initially decreased at day 7 or 14, and increased after 14 and/or 28 days, which was accompanied by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and metallothionein (MT) levels. In the acute groups, there were no statistically significant changes in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes nor in the levels of MDA and MT. To conclude, our results suggest that Cd may do more oxidative damage to cells of crab ovaries at sub-chronic exposure than at acute exposure, which is due to Cd-induced oxidative stress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Scott, Kevin, Petra Harsanyi, Blair A. A. Easton, Althea J. R. Piper, Corentine M. V. Rochas, and Alastair R. Lyndon. "Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) from Submarine Power Cables Can Trigger Strength-Dependent Behavioural and Physiological Responses in Edible Crab, Cancer pagurus (L.)." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 7 (July 17, 2021): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9070776.

Full text

Abstract:

The current study investigated the effects of different strength Electromagnetic Field (EMF) exposure (250 µT, 500 µT, 1000 µT) on the commercially important decapod, edible crab (Cancer pagurus, Linnaeus, 1758). Stress related parameters were measured (l-Lactate, d-Glucose, Total Haemocyte Count (THC)) in addition to behavioural and response parameters (shelter preference and time spent resting/roaming) over 24 h periods. EMF strengths of 250 µT were found to have limited physiological and behavioural impacts. Exposure to 500 µT and 1000 µT were found to disrupt the l-Lactate and d-Glucose circadian rhythm and alter THC. Crabs showed a clear attraction to EMF exposed (500 µT and 1000 µT) shelters with a significant reduction in time spent roaming. Consequently, EMF emitted from MREDs will likely affect crabs in a strength-dependent manner thus highlighting the need for reliable in-situ measurements. This information is essential for policy making, environmental assessments, and in understanding the impacts of increased anthropogenic EMF on marine organisms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Hastuti, Yuni Puji, Ridwan Affandi, Mafatih Devi Safrina, Kurnia Faturrohman, and Wildan Nurussalam. "Optimum salinity for growth of mangrove crab Scylla serrata seed in recirculation systems." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 14, no. 1 (October 12, 2015): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.14.50-57.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT One of the abiotic factors that affects the growth and the survival of crabs is salinity. The optimum salinity media will give maximum impact on mangrove crab Scylla serrata due to the osmoregulation process. This study aimed to examine the effect of salinity on the survival rate (SR) and spesific growth rate (SGR) of mangrove crab through the reaction of physiological condition. The treatments were rearing mangrove crab at the salinity medium of 15 ppt (A), 20 ppt (B), 25 ppt (C), and 30 ppt (D). Result showed that different salinity performed a significant effect (P<0.05) on the survival rate and specific growth rate of the crabs. The low level of stress, shown by the high value of total hemocyte and the low osmotic pressure, has made salinity of 25 ppt was the optimum condition for the mangrove crab rearing. Keywords: salinity, survival, specific growth rate, mangrove crab ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor abiotik yang memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup kepiting adalah salinitas. Salinitas media optimum akan memberikan efek yang maksimal pada kepiting bakau Scylla serrata sehubungan dengan proses osmoregulasi tubuhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh salinitas pada kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik kepiting bakau melalui reaksi kondisi fisiologis. Penelitian ini terdiri atas perlakuan salinitas media 15 ppt (A), 20 ppt (B), 25 ppt (C), dan 30 ppt (D). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan salinitas media pemeliharaan kepiting bakau memberikan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) pada kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik kepiting bakau. Rendahnya tingkat stres pada salinitas 25 ppt dijelaskan dengan tingginya jumlah total hemosit dan rendahnya tekanan osmotik sehingga salinitas 25 ppt merupakan kondisi optimum bagi pemeliharaan kepiting bakau. Keywords: salinitas, kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, kepiting bakau

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Uhlmann, Sebastian S., Matt K. Broadhurst, Brian D. Paterson, David G. Mayer, Paul Butcher, and Craig P. Brand. "Mortality and blood loss by blue swimmer crabs (Portunus pelagicus) after simulated capture and discarding from gillnets." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 3 (January 19, 2009): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn222.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Uhlmann, S. S., Broadhurst, M. K., Paterson, B. D., Mayer, D. G., Butcher, P., and Brand, C. P. 2009. Mortality and blood loss by blue swimmer crabs (Portunus pelagicus) after simulated capture and discarding from gillnets. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 455–461. Two laboratory experiments were carried out to quantify the mortality and physiological responses of juvenile blue swimmer crabs (Portunus pelagicus) after simulated gillnet entanglement, air exposure, disentanglement, and discarding. In both experiments, all but control blue swimmer crabs were entangled in 1-m2 gillnet panels for 1 h, exposed to air for 2 min, subjected to various treatments of disentanglement ranging between the forceful removal of none, one, two, and four appendages, then “discarded” into individual experimental tanks and monitored for 10 d. In Experiment 1, mortalities were associated with the number of appendages removed and the occurrence of unsealed wounds. In Experiment 2, live blue swimmer crabs were sampled for blood at 2 min and 6, 24, and 72 h post-discarding to test for the effects of disentanglement and appendage removal on total haemocyte counts, clotting times, protein levels (by refractive index), and blood ion concentrations. Compared with blue swimmer crabs that had sealed or no wounds, those with unsealed wounds had lower total haemocyte counts, protein, and calcium concentrations and increased clotting times and magnesium and sodium levels. Induced autotomy, as opposed to the arbitrary, forceful removal of appendages has the potential to minimize the mortality and stress of discarded, juvenile blue swimmer crabs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Da Silva, Roselis S. M., and Luiz Carlos R. Kucharski. "Effect of hyposmotic stress on the carbohydrate metabolism of crabs maintained on high protein or carbohydrate-rich diet." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 101, no. 3 (March 1992): 631–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(92)90519-v.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Koenig, Samuel, Candida Savage, and Jonathan P. Kim. "Two novel non-destructive biomarkers to assess PAH-induced oxidative stress and porphyrinogenic effects in crabs." Biomarkers 14, no. 7 (October 28, 2009): 452–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13547500903123026.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Koenig, Samuel, Candida Savage, and Jonathan P. Kim. "Two novel non-destructive biomarkers to assess PAH-induced oxidative stress and porphyrinogenic effects in crabs." Biomarkers 00, no. 00 (July 27, 2009): 090727223026065–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13547500903123026.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Lee, Sangman. "Effect of Various Biodegradable Chelating Agents on Root Growth of Plants under Mercury Stress." Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences 32, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14518/crals.2014.32.3.018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Dawud, F. A., M. A. Mabrouk, A. Mohammed, and I. A. Umar. "Effect of Vitamins C & E on Aspirin Induced Gastric Mucosal Damage and Oxidative Stress." Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 1 (January 20, 2014): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/crjbs.6.5495.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Xu, Xing Hong, Li Zhou, Yan Qing Liu, and Bin Lun Yan. "Nitrite Stress on Density of Hemocyte and Phenoloxidase Activity in Hemolymph of Charybdis japonica." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.82.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to discuss the effects of nitrite on the density of hemocyte (DHC) and phenoloxidase (PO) activity in hemolymph of Charybdis japonica, the crabs were exposed to six nitrite-N groups (0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 10.0 mg L-1 ambient nitrite-N concentrations). The DHC and PO activity was examined on days 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 following the stress. Results showed that the two indexes appeared to have a decline trend after an initial ascent. After 1 day treatment, the DHC of five treatments were higher than that of the control group respectively, while the PO activity of 8.0 and 10.0 mg L-1 nitrite-N exposed group decreased compared with control. With time elapsed, the DHC of lower concentration nitrite-N exposed group increased faster, while the PO activity of higher concentration nitrite-N exposed group rised faster than other treatments. After 15-day stress, all parameters tested were lower than those of control group barring the DHC of 2.0 and 4.0 mg L-1 nitrite-N exposed group and the PO activity of 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 mg L-1 nitrite-N exposed group.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Park, Kiyun, Won-Seok Kim, and Ihn-Sil Kwak. "Effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on Transcriptional Expression of Cellular Protection-Related HSP60 and HSP67B2 Genes in the Mud Crab Macrophthalmus japonicus." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 2766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082766.

Full text

Abstract:

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) has attracted attention as an emerging dominant phthalate contaminant in marine sediments. Macrophthalmus japonicus, an intertidal mud crab, is capable of tolerating variations in water temperature and sudden exposure to toxic substances. To evaluate the potential effects of DEHP toxicity on cellular protection, we characterized the partial open reading frames of the stress-related heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and small heat shock protein 67B2 (HSP67B2) genes of M. japonicus and further investigated the molecular effects on their expression levels after exposure to DEHP. Putative HSP60 and small HSP67B2 proteins had conserved HSP-family protein sequences with different C-terminus motifs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that M. japonicus HSP60 (Mj-HSP60) and M. Japonicus HSP67B2 (Mj-HSP67B2) clustered closely with Eriocheir sinensis HSP60 and Penaeus vannamei HSP67B2, respectively. The tissue distribution of Heat shock proteins (HSPs) was the highest in the gonad for Mj-HSP60 and in the hepatopancreas for Mj-HSP67B2. The expression of Mj-HSP60 Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) increased significantly at day 1 after exposure to all doses of DEHP, and then decreased in a dose-dependent and exposure time-dependent manner in the gills and hepatopancreas. Mj-HSP67B2 transcripts were significantly upregulated in both tissues at all doses of DEHP and at all exposure times. These results suggest that cellular immune protection could be disrupted by DEHP toxicity through transcriptional changes to HSPs in crustaceans. Small and large HSPs might be differentially involved in responses against environmental stressors and in detoxification in M. japonicus crabs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Keunecke, K. A., D. R. Silva-Junior, F. N. Moreira, H. P. Lavrado, and M. Vianna. "Survival and Physical Damage in Swimming Crabs (Brachyura, Portunidae) Discarded from Trawling Fisheries in an Estuarine Ecosystem in Southeastern Brazil." Crustaceana 84, no. 11 (2011): 1295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854011x596937.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe effects of mechanical stress caused by trawling, handling, air exposure, and discarding during fishing processes can cause irreversible damage to many bycatch organisms. The objective of this work was to evaluate quali-quantitatively the physical damage (loss of limbs) and differential survival among the portunid swimming crabs Callinectes danae Smith, 1869, Callinectes ornatus Ordway, 1863, and Achelous spinimanus (Latreille, 1819) in the pink shrimp trawling fishery in Guanabara Bay, Brazil. Physical damage was quantified by the incidence of lesions for each species in the following categories: male and female; juvenile and adult; and moulting and non-moulting organisms. The percentage of survivors was obtained through a 24-hour experiment in three consecutive days. The most frequently damaged species was C. danae; 58.9% of this species was observed to be injured. C. ornatus and A. spinimanus presented similar injury frequencies with injuries observed, respectively, in 44.3% and 43.5% of individuals of these species. The Chi-square value for male vs. female; juvenile vs. adult; and moulting vs. non-moulting organisms of each species did not exhibit significant differences except for adults and juveniles of C. danae. The most common type of damage observed among the species was the loss of chelipeds and/or pereiopods. Variance analysis did not detect significant differences in the survival of the various species at the different times of the experiment. The three species presented high survival percentages in all treatments, and live individuals of all species likely show similar recovery rates from trawling stress when returned to the sea.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Hong, Yuhang, Xiaozhen Yang, Yi Huang, Guangwen Yan, and Yongxu Cheng. "Oxidative stress and genotoxic effect of deltamethrin exposure on the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 212 (October 2018): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.06.004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Malik, Adeel, and Chang-Bae Kim. "Role of Transportome in the Gills of Chinese Mitten Crabs in Response to Salinity Change: A Meta-Analysis of RNA-Seq Datasets." Biology 10, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10010039.

Full text

Abstract:

Chinese mitten crab (CMC) or Eriocheir sinensis is a strong osmoregulator that can keep rigorous cellular homeostasis. CMC can flourish in freshwater, as well as seawater, habitats and represents the most important species for freshwater aquaculture. Salt stress can have direct effects on several stages (e.g., reproduction, molting, growth, etc.) of the CMC life cycle. To get a better overview of the genes involved in the gills of CMC under different salinity conditions, we conducted an RNA-Seq meta-analysis on the transcriptomes of four publicly available datasets. The meta-analysis identified 405 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs), of which 40% were classified into various transporter classes, including accessory factors and primary active transporters as the major transport classes. A network analysis of the DETs revealed that adaptation to salinity is a highly regulated mechanism in which different functional modules play essential roles. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to conduct a transcriptome meta-analysis of gills from crab RNA-Seq datasets under salinity. Additionally, this study is also the first to focus on the differential expression of diverse transporters and channels (transportome) in CMC. Our meta-analysis opens new avenues for a better understanding of the osmoregulation mechanism and the selection of potential transporters associated with salinity change.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Malik, Adeel, and Chang-Bae Kim. "Role of Transportome in the Gills of Chinese Mitten Crabs in Response to Salinity Change: A Meta-Analysis of RNA-Seq Datasets." Biology 10, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10010039.

Full text

Abstract:

Chinese mitten crab (CMC) or Eriocheir sinensis is a strong osmoregulator that can keep rigorous cellular homeostasis. CMC can flourish in freshwater, as well as seawater, habitats and represents the most important species for freshwater aquaculture. Salt stress can have direct effects on several stages (e.g., reproduction, molting, growth, etc.) of the CMC life cycle. To get a better overview of the genes involved in the gills of CMC under different salinity conditions, we conducted an RNA-Seq meta-analysis on the transcriptomes of four publicly available datasets. The meta-analysis identified 405 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs), of which 40% were classified into various transporter classes, including accessory factors and primary active transporters as the major transport classes. A network analysis of the DETs revealed that adaptation to salinity is a highly regulated mechanism in which different functional modules play essential roles. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to conduct a transcriptome meta-analysis of gills from crab RNA-Seq datasets under salinity. Additionally, this study is also the first to focus on the differential expression of diverse transporters and channels (transportome) in CMC. Our meta-analysis opens new avenues for a better understanding of the osmoregulation mechanism and the selection of potential transporters associated with salinity change.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Lorenzon, S., P. G. Giulianini, S. Libralato, M. Martinis, and E. A. Ferrero. "Stress effect of two different transport systems on the physiological profiles of the crab Cancer pagurus." Aquaculture 278, no. 1-4 (June 2008): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.03.011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Cheng, Chang-Hong, You-Lu Su, Hong-Ling Ma, Yi-Qin Deng, Juan Feng, Xiao-Long Chen, Yu-Kun Jie, and Zhi-Xun Guo. "Effect of nitrite exposure on oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)." Chemosphere 239 (January 2020): 124668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124668.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Booth, J. M., M. Fusi, F. Giomi, E. C. N. Chapman, K. Diele, and C. D. McQuaid. "Diel oxygen fluctuation drives the thermal response and metabolic performance of coastal marine ectotherms." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1953 (June 23, 2021): 20211141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1141.

Full text

Abstract:

Coastal marine systems are characterized by high levels of primary production that result in diel oxygen fluctuations from undersaturation to supersaturation. Constant normoxia, or 100% oxygen saturation, is therefore rare. Since the thermal sensitivity of invertebrates is directly linked to oxygen availability, we hypothesized that (i) the metabolic response of coastal marine invertebrates would be more sensitive to thermal stress when exposed to oxygen supersaturation rather than 100% oxygen saturation and (ii) natural diel fluctuation in oxygen availability rather than constant 100% oxygen saturation is a main driver of the thermal response. We tested the effects of oxygen regime on the metabolic rate, and haemocyanin and lactate levels, of velvet crabs ( Necora puber ) and blue mussels ( Mytilus edulis ), under rising temperatures (up to 24°C) in the laboratory. Oxygen supersaturation and photosynthetically induced diel oxygen fluctuation amplified animal metabolic thermal response significantly in both species, demonstrating that the natural variability of oxygen in coastal environments can provide considerable physiological benefits under ocean warming. Our study highlights the significance of integrating ecologically relevant oxygen variability into experimental assessments of animal physiology and thermal response, and predictions of metabolic performance under climate warming. Given the escalating intensity and frequency of climate anomalies, oxygen variation caused by coastal vegetation will likely become increasingly important in mitigating the effects of higher temperatures on coastal fauna.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Neff, Ellen, Jessica MacGregor, and Keryn B. Gedan. "Effects of Short-Duration and Diel-Cycling Hypoxia on Predation of Mussels and Oysters in Two Tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay." Diversity 12, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12030087.

Full text

Abstract:

Although the effects of persistent hypoxia have been well established, few studies have explored the community-level effects of short-duration and diel-cycling hypoxia, for example on predator–prey interactions. Consumer stress models predict that mobile predators will flee hypoxia, while prey stress models predict that sessile species, unable to avoid hypoxic water, will be more susceptible to predation. To test these hypotheses, we studied the effects of diel-cycling hypoxia on predation of the hooked mussel, Ischadium recurvum, and eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, in field experiments in two Chesapeake Bay, USA tributaries. We conducted a complementary laboratory experiment that tested the impact of short-duration hypoxia on predation of the two bivalve species by the ecologically and commercially important blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Although we did not observe a significant effect of diel-cycling hypoxia on predation in the field, we did observe an effect of short-duration hypoxia in the laboratory. Callinectes sapidus exhibited depressed feeding rates and reduced preference for I. recurvum in hypoxic conditions. In both field and lab results, we observed a strong preference of predators for I. recurvum over C. virginica, indicating that the relatively understudied mussel I. recurvum merits greater consideration as a part of estuarine food webs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Riedel, B., T. Pados, K. Pretterebner, L. Schiemer, A. Steckbauer, A. Haselmair, M. Zuschin, and M. Stachowitsch. "Effect of hypoxia and anoxia on invertebrate behaviour: ecological perspectives from species to community level." Biogeosciences 11, no. 6 (March 21, 2014): 1491–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1491-2014.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Coastal hypoxia and anoxia have become a global key stressor to marine ecosystems, with almost 500 dead zones recorded worldwide. By triggering cascading effects from the individual organism to the community- and ecosystem level, oxygen depletions threaten marine biodiversity and can alter ecosystem structure and function. By integrating both physiological function and ecological processes, animal behaviour is ideal for assessing the stress state of benthic macrofauna to low dissolved oxygen. The initial response of organisms can serve as an early warning signal, while the successive behavioural reactions of key species indicate hypoxia levels and help assess community degradation. Here we document the behavioural responses of a representative spectrum of benthic macrofauna in the natural setting in the Northern Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean). We experimentally induced small-scale anoxia with a benthic chamber in 24 m depth to overcome the difficulties in predicting the onset of hypoxia, which often hinders full documentation in the field. The behavioural reactions were documented with a time-lapse camera. Oxygen depletion elicited significant and repeatable changes in general (visibility, locomotion, body movement and posture, location) and species-specific reactions in virtually all organisms (302 individuals from 32 species and 2 species groups). Most atypical (stress) behaviours were associated with specific oxygen thresholds: arm-tipping in the ophiuroid Ophiothrix quinquemaculata, for example, with the onset of mild hypoxia (< 2 mL O2 L−1), the emergence of polychaetes on the sediment surface with moderate hypoxia (< 1 mL O2 L−1), the emergence of the infaunal sea urchin Schizaster canaliferus on the sediment with severe hypoxia (< 0.5 mL O2 L−1) and heavy body rotations in sea anemones with anoxia. Other species changed their activity patterns, for example the circadian rhythm in the hermit crab Paguristes eremita or the bioherm-associated crab Pisidia longimana. Intra- and interspecific reactions were weakened or changed: decapods ceased defensive and territorial behaviour, and predator–prey interactions and relationships shifted. This nuanced scale of resolution is a useful tool to interpret present benthic community status (behaviour) and past mortalities (community composition, e.g. survival of tolerant species). This information on the sensitivity (onset of stress response), tolerance (mortality, survival), and characteristics (i.e. life habit, functional role) of key species also helps predict potential future changes in benthic structure and ecosystem functioning. This integrated approach can transport complex ecological processes to the public and decision-makers and help define specific monitoring, assessment and conservation plans.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Riedel, B., T. Pados, K. Pretterebner, L. Schiemer, A. Steckbauer, A. Haselmair, M. Zuschin, and M. Stachowitsch. "Effect of hypoxia and anoxia on invertebrate behaviour: ecological perspectives from species to community level." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 8 (August 27, 2013): 14333–438. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-14333-2013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Coastal hypoxia and anoxia have become a global key stressor to marine ecosystems, with almost 500 dead zones recorded wordwide. By triggering cascading effects from the individual organism to the community and ecosystem-level, oxygen depletions threat marine biodiversity and can alter ecosystem structure and function. By integrating both physiological function and ecological processes, animal behaviour is ideal for assessing the stress state of benthic macrofauna to low dissolved oxygen. The initial response of organisms can serve as an early-warning signal, while the successive behavioural reactions of key species indicate hypoxia levels and help assess community degradation. Here we document the behavioural responses of a representative spectrum of benthic macrofauna in the natural setting in the Northern Adriatic Sea, Mediterranean. We experimentally induced small-scale anoxia with a benthic chamber in 24 m depth to overcome the difficulties in predicting the onset of hypoxia, which often hinders full documentation in the field. The behavioural reactions were documented with a time-lapse camera. Oxygen depletion elicited significant and repeatable changes in general (visibility, locomotion, body movement and posture, location) and species-specific reactions in virtually all organisms (302 individuals from 32 species and 2 species groups). Most atypical (stress) behaviours were associated with specific oxygen thresholds: arm-tipping in the ophiuroid Ophiothrix quinquemaculata, for example, with the onset of mild hypoxia (< 2 mL O2 L−1), the emergence of polychates on the sediment surface with moderate hypoxia (< 1 mL O2 L−1), the emergence of the infaunal sea urchin Schizaster canaliferus on the sediment with severe hypoxia (< 0.5 mL O2 L−1) and heavy body rotations in sea anemones with anoxia. Other species changed their activity patterns, i.e. circadian rhythm in the hermit crab Paguristes eremita or the bioherm-associated crab Pisidia longimana. Intra- and interspecific reactions were weakened or changed: decapods ceased defensive and territorial behaviour, and predator-prey interactions and relationships shifted. This nuanced scale of resolution is a useful tool to interpret present benthic community status (behaviour) and past mortalities (community composition, e.g. survival of tolerant species). This information on the sensitivity (onset of stress response), tolerance (mortality, survival), and characteristics (i.e. life habit, functional role) of key species also helps predict potential future changes in benthic structure and ecosystem functioning. This integrated approach can transport complex ecological processes to the public and decision-makers and help define specific monitoring, assessment and conservation plans.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Miller, Seth H., Sonia Zarate, Edmund H. Smith, Brian Gaylord, Jessica D. Hosfelt, and Tessa M. Hill. "Effect of Elevated pCO2 on Metabolic Responses of Porcelain Crab (Petrolisthes cinctipes) Larvae Exposed to Subsequent Salinity Stress." PLoS ONE 9, no. 10 (October 8, 2014): e109167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109167.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Jiao, Yang, Na Li, Aihua Zou, Qiang Chen, Yinying Huang, and Yunlong Zhao. "Effect of λ-Cyhalothrin-Loaded Polydopamine Microcapsule Suspensions on Stress Defenses in the Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir sinensis." ACS Agricultural Science & Technology 1, no. 4 (May 28, 2021): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsagscitech.0c00078.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Wang, Jiechi, Kewen Peng, Huanda Lu, Ronghua Li, Weiwei Song, Lei Liu, Huan Wang, Chunlin Wang, and Ce Shi. "The effect of tank colour on growth performance, stress response and carapace colour of juvenile swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus." Aquaculture Research 50, no. 9 (June 26, 2019): 2735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.14224.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Schvezov, Natasha, Gustavo A. Lovrich, Federico Tapella, Maria Gowland-Sainz, and M. Carolina Romero. "Effect of the temperature of air exposure on the oxidative stress status of commercial male southern king crab Lithodes santolla." Fisheries Research 212 (April 2019): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2018.12.020.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Liu, Jing, Linfeng Wang, Zhifeng Shi, Wennian Yu, and Huifang Xiao. "A comparison investigation of the contact models for contact and vibration features of cylindrical roller bearings." Engineering Computations 36, no. 5 (June 10, 2019): 1656–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-11-2018-0516.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the contact models for contact and vibration features of cylindrical roller bearings (CRBs). CRBs are important parts of rotating machinery. The contact deformation between the roller and the raceway is an essential research topic for the CRBs. The contact deformation between the roller and the raceway can greatly affect vibration characteristics and fatigue life of the CRBs. In this investigation, six different methods are adopted to calculate the contact deformation, contact area width and contact stress between the roller and raceways of a CRB. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the contact deformations and the contact stiffnesses between the roller and the raceway of a CRB obtained by various well-known empirical methods (Lundberg’s, Palmgren’s, Houpert’s, Cheng’s and Hertzian methods) are directly compared with those by the finite element (FE) method. A two degree-of-freedom (2 DOF) dynamic model of the CRB is applied to investigate the effects of the contact stiffness obtained by different line contact deformation calculation methods on the vibration characteristics, such as the root mean square (RMS), the peak to peak (PTP), the crest factor and the kurtosis of the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the inner raceway. Findings The computational results show that different calculation methods for the contact deformations between rollers and raceways have significant effects on the vibrations of the CRB. It is found that that the differences of computational results obtained by Palmgren’s and Lundberg’s models with respect to the FE method are smaller than those by the other three methods, i.e. Houpert’s, Cheng’s and Hertzain models. The amplitude and peak frequency of the frequency response functions from Palmgren’s method are much more similar to those from the finite element method. The above results indicate that Palmgren’s method is a better calculation method for predicting the contact deformations and dynamics of the CRBs. Originality/value This work adopts six different methods to calculate the contact deformation, contact area width and contact stress between the roller and raceways of a CRB. Moreover, a vibration model of a CRB is used to investigate the effect of contact stiffness obtained by the above methods on the vibrations of the CRB. The works can give some guidance for the accurate analytical method for calculating the contact deformations between rollers and raceways and the vibrations of the CRB.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Jahn, Matheus Parmegiani, Gabriela Maura Cavagni, Danielle Kaiser, and Luiz Carlos Kucharski. "Osmotic effect of choline and glycine betaine on the gills and hepatopancreas of the Chasmagnathus granulata crab submitted to hyperosmotic stress." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 334, no. 1 (June 2006): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.01.006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Jamal, Khairil, Zainuddin ., and dan Muh Yusri Karim. "The Effect of Natural Feeding Enrichment Using Beta Carotene On Stress Resistance and Survival Rate of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Larvae." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) 9, no. 5 (May 24, 2019): p8997. http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.9.05.2019.p8997.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Liu, Zi-Ming, Xian-Long Zhu, Jun Lu, Wan-Jun Cai, Ya-Ping Ye, and Yao-Ping Lv. "Effect of high temperature stress on heat shock protein expression and antioxidant enzyme activity of two morphs of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 223 (September 2018): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.04.016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Elwood, Robert W., and Laura Adams. "Electric shock causes physiological stress responses in shore crabs, consistent with prediction of pain." Biology Letters 11, no. 11 (November 2015): 20150800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0800.

Full text

Abstract:

Animal pain is defined by a series of expectations or criteria, one of which is that there should be a physiological stress response associated with noxious stimuli. While crustacean stress responses have been demonstrated they are typically preceded by escape behaviour and thus the physiological change might be attributed to the behaviour rather than a pain experience. We found higher levels of stress as measured by lactate in shore crabs exposed to brief electric shock than non-shocked controls. However, shocked crabs showed more vigorous behaviour than controls. We then matched crabs with the same level of behaviour and still found that shocked crabs had stronger stress response compared with controls. The finding of the stress response, coupled with previous findings of long-term motivational change and avoidance learning, fulfils the criteria expected of a pain experience.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Zhu, Qi-Hui, Zhong-Kai Zhou, Dan-Dan Tu, Yi-Lian Zhou, Cong Wang, Ze-Peng Liu, Wen-Bin Gu, Yu-Yin Chen, and Miao-An Shu. "Effect of cadmium exposure on hepatopancreas and gills of the estuary mud crab ( Scylla paramamosain ): Histopathological changes and expression characterization of stress response genes." Aquatic Toxicology 195 (February 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.11.020.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Walters, Chavon R., Paul Cheng, Edmund Pool, and Vernon Somerset. "Effect of temperature on oxidative stress parameters and enzyme activity in tissues of Cape River crab (Potamanautes perlatus)following exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNP)." Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 79, no. 2 (January 5, 2016): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2015.1106357.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Fujiwara, Daisuke, Kojiro Iizuka, Yoshiyuki Matsumura, Tohru Moriyama, Ryo Watanabe, Koichiro Enomoto, Masashi Toda, and Yukio Gunji. "The Effect of Mobile Robot on Group Behavior of Animal." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 24, no. 6 (December 20, 2012): 1071–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2012.p1071.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper observes the effect of a mobile robot on the group behavior of soldier crabs. The mobile robot interacts with eight soldier crabs. For the experimental analysis, this paper adopts four settings. In the first setting, eight soldier crabs are placed in an experiment area without the presence of the robot. In the second, third, and fourth settings, eight soldier crabs are placed in an experiment area with, respectively, a stationary robot, a continuously moving robot, and an intermittently moving robot. These experimental results are analyzed using a fluctuation index. From analysis, it was found that the fluctuation slope for the fourth experiment alone differs from that for other experiments. This result suggests that the intermittently moving robot influences the group behavior of soldier crabs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Costa-Ramos, Carolina, and Andrew F. Rowley. "Effect of Extracellular Products of Pseudoalteromonas atlantica on the Edible Crab Cancer pagurus." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 2 (February 2004): 729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.2.729-735.2004.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Previous studies have shown that injection of extracellular products (ECP) of Pseudoalteromononas atlantica isolated from shell disease-infected edible crabs (Cancer pagurus) into healthy crabs causes rapid death. In this study we examined the nature of the active lethal factor(s) in ECP. Injection of ECP into crabs caused a rapid decline in the total number of circulating hemocytes (blood cells), and the crabs died within 60 to 90 min. The individuals that died showed eyestalk retraction, limb paralysis, and lack of antennal sensitivity, suggesting that the active factor(s) targeted the nervous system. Histopathological investigations showed that affected crabs had large aggregates of hemocytes in the gills, and there was destruction of the tubules in the hepatopancreas. The active factor in ECP was not sensitive to heat treatment (100°C for 30 min) and proteinase K digestion. As lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was a potential candidate for the lethal factor, it was purified from whole P. atlantica bacteria or ECP and subsequently injected into crabs. These crabs had all of the external symptoms observed previously with ECP, such as limb paralysis and eyestalk retraction, and they died within 90 min after challenge, although no significant decline in the number of circulating hemocytes was observed. Similarly, in vitro incubation of hemocytes with purified LPS (1 to 20 μg) from P. atlantica did not result in the clumping reaction observed with ECP but did result in a degranulation reaction and eventual cell lysis. Injection of crabs with Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS (1 μg g of body weight−1) did not cause any of the characteristic symptoms observed following exposure to P. atlantica LPS. No mortality of crabs followed the injection of E. coli LPS, but P. aeruginosa LPS caused ca. 80% mortality at 2 h after injection. Overall, these results show that the main virulence factor of P. atlantica for edible crabs is LPS either alone or in combination with other heat-stable factors.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Yang, Xiaozhen, Aoya Shi, Yameng Song, Chao Niu, Xiaowen Yu, Xingliang Shi, Yangyang Pang, Xueli Ma, and Yongxu Cheng. "The effects of ammonia-N stress on immune parameters, antioxidant capacity, digestive function, and intestinal microflora of Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, and the protective effect of dietary supplement of melatonin." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 250 (December 2021): 109127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109127.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Kirkwood, John M., and Ian W. Brown. "Effect of limb damage on the survival and burial time of discarded spanner crabs Ranina ranina (Linnaeus)." Marine and Freshwater Research 49, no. 1 (1998): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf97110.

Full text

Abstract:

Spanner crabs (Ranina ranina) often lose legs or segments of legs when being disentangled from fishing nets. Two field experiments investigated the effect of this on survival of discarded undersize crabs. To examine mortality directly attributable to limb damage, 100 crabs were each subjected to one of five treatments: no damage, or removal of one dactylus, three dactyli, one leg or one cheliped. Limb damage had a significant effect on survival, mean mortalities being, respectively, 5%, 20%, 25%, 55% and 90%. Thus, present fishing methods may lead to high mortality among discarded crabs. To examine whether limb damage leads to increased exposure to predation, 40 crabs were released after each was subjected to one of the above treatments. There was no significant effect of limb damage on the time it took crabs to bury themselves. Crabs sank at a mean rate of 0.26 m s-1, and on reaching the sea floor most crabs were motionless for up to 20 min before becoming active and immediately burying themselves; time to burial ranged from 6 s to 20 min, with 65% burying themselves within 68 s of reaching the sea floor.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Liangpunsakul, Suthat, Yasmeen Rahmini, Ruth A. Ross, Zhenwen Zhao, Yan Xu, and David W. Crabb. "Imipramine blocks ethanol-induced ASMase activation, ceramide generation, and PP2A activation, and ameliorates hepatic steatosis in ethanol-fed mice." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 302, no. 5 (March 1, 2012): G515—G523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00455.2011.

Full text

Abstract:

Our previous data showed the inhibitory effect of ethanol on AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, which appears to be mediated, in part, through increased levels of hepatic ceramide and activation of protein phosphatase 2A (Liangpunsakul S, Sozio MS, Shin E, Zhao Z, Xu Y, Ross RA, Zeng Y, Crabb DW. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 298: G1004–G1012, 2010). The effect of ethanol on AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation was reversed by imipramine, suggesting that the generation of ceramide via acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) is stimulated by ethanol. In this study, we determined the effects of imipramine on the development of hepatic steatosis, the generation of ceramide, and downstream effects of ceramide on inflammatory, insulin, and apoptotic signaling pathways, in ethanol-fed mice. The effect of ethanol and imipramine (10 μg/g body wt ip) on ceramide levels, as well as inflammatory, insulin, and apoptotic signaling pathways, was studied in C57BL/6J mice fed the Lieber-DeCarli diet. Ethanol-fed mice developed the expected steatosis, and cotreatment with imipramine for the last 2 wk of ethanol feeding resulted in improvement in hepatic steatosis. Ethanol feeding for 4 wk induced impaired glucose tolerance compared with controls, and this was modestly improved with imipramine treatment. There was a significant decrease in total ceramide concentrations in response to imipramine in ethanol-fed mice treated with and without imipramine (287 ± 11 vs. 348 ± 12 pmol/mg tissue). The magnitude and specificity of inhibition on each ceramide species differed. A significant decrease was observed for C16 (28 ± 3 vs. 33 ± 2 pmol/mg tissue) and C24 (164 ± 9 vs. 201 ± 4 pmol/mg tissue) ceramide. Ethanol feeding increased the levels of the phosphorylated forms of ERK slightly and increased phospho-p38 and phospho-JNK substantially. The levels of phospho-p38 and phospho-JNK were reduced by treatment with imipramine. The activation of ASMase and generation of ceramide in response to ethanol feeding may underlie several effects of ethanol. ASMase inhibitors may be considered as a therapeutic target for alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and activation of stress kinases.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Sui, Liying, Mathieu Wille, Yongxu Cheng, and Patrick Sorgeloos. "The effect of dietary n-3 HUFA levels and DHA/EPA ratios on growth, survival and osmotic stress tolerance of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis larvae." Aquaculture 273, no. 1 (November 2007): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.09.016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Urbina, Mauricio, Kurt Paschke, Paulina Gebauer, and Oscar R. Chaparro. "Physiological energetics of the estuarine crab Hemigrapsus crenulatus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Varunidae): responses to different salinity levels." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90, no. 2 (January 14, 2010): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315409990889.

Full text

Abstract:

Hemigrapsus crenulatus is an abundant and frequent decapod crustacean inhabiting estuarine environments, where it must tolerate large shifts in salinity. The present study evaluates the effect of salinity (5, 13, 21 and 30 psu) on the adult physiological processes related to the energy balance. The growth potential (SFG) and the respired oxygen:excreted nitrogen ratio were used as indices of stress. Ingestion, excretion and respiration rates showed a significant dependence on salinity, being higher at low salinities. The assimilation efficiency remained constant along the studied salinity gradient. The assimilation and ingestion rates were inversely related with the salinity. Given this scenario, the growth potential remained constant within the studied salinity gradient, as did the oxygen:nitrogen ratio. The results suggest that the increased energy losses at low salinity due to respiration and excretion are compensated by an increment in the ingestion rate, contributing to the success of H. crenulatus in dynamic habitats such as estuaries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Girardot, M. N., and C. D. Derby. "Neural coding of quality of complex olfactory stimuli in lobsters." Journal of Neurophysiology 60, no. 1 (July 1, 1988): 303–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1988.60.1.303.

Full text

Abstract:

1. Extracellular responses to complex biologically relevant stimuli were recorded from 30 primary olfactory cells from excised antennules of spiny lobsters. The stimulus types were natural extracts of crab, mullet, oyster, and shrimp and artificial mixtures of crab, mullet, oyster and shrimp based on the chemical composition of the related extracts. All stimulus types were presented at the following three concentrations: 0.005, 0.05, and 0.5 mM. 2. The responses were expressed as number of spikes per 5 s. Response magnitude increased significantly as a function of concentration. It was significantly greater for the natural extracts than for the related artificial mixtures but was not significantly different among stimulus types within either natural extracts or artificial mixtures. 3. The cells were broadly tuned to all stimuli. Tuning slightly, but significantly, broadened as a function of stimulus concentration. 4. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) was used to evaluate similarities and dissimilarities among stimuli based on population responses. The artificial mixtures and the natural extracts were analyzed separately. Dimensionality of spatial configuration was based on the following three criteria: stress values, squared correlation values, and relevance to quality coding. 5. When applied to the original data, MDS distributed the stimuli in a two-dimensional space where the location of each stimulus was based mainly on stimulus concentration. The results of a simple standardization procedure showed that this distribution resulted mostly from the significant effect of concentration on one of the two features of population responses, which is the absolute magnitude. This standardization procedure equalized the three concentrations in terms of absolute magnitude of evoked response. Consequently, the neural population responses of the 12 stimuli (4 types X 3 concentrations) could be compared based only on their across-neuron patterns (ANPs) (relative amount of activity across neurons). 6. When stress and squared correlation values were used as criteria for dimensionality, the configuration of the artificial mixtures space was best derived from dimensions 1, 2, and 3 of the three-dimensional resolution. When relevance to quality coding was used, the configuration of the artificial mixtures space was best derived from dimensions 1, 3, and 4 of the four-dimensional resolution. Whether stress and squared correlation values or relevance to quality coding were used, the four types of stimuli occupied nonoverlapping spaces.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Barrento, Sara, António Marques, Paulo Vaz-Pires, and Maria Leonor Nunes. "Live shipment of immersed crabs Cancer pagurus from England to Portugal and recovery in stocking tanks: stress parameter characterization." ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, no. 3 (December 10, 2009): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp268.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Barrento, S., Marques, A., Vaz-Pires, P., and Nunes, M. L. 2010. Live shipment of immersed crabs Cancer pagurus from England to Portugal and recovery in stocking tanks: stress parameter characterization. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 435–443. Cancer pagurus is commercially one of the most important crustaceans exploited in the UK and Ireland, but the main markets are in southern Europe, to where live edible crabs are transported. In this study, potential stressors during the live trade chain from England to Portugal were identified and related to changes in haemolymph parameters. Before their live transport, 60 crabs were tagged, their vigour was assessed, and their haemolymph was sampled; 30 crabs were placed in the bottom of a vivier-truck tank and the balance at the top (1 kg crab l−1 in a total of 700 kg). The sampling procedure was repeated after immersed live transport (58 h), and during subsequent recovery (6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h) in seawater at Portuguese storage facilities. Haemolymph parameters included pH, d-glucose, l-lactate, and haemocyanine. Cumulative mortalities at the end of the experiment (96 h in recovery tanks) of bottom and top crabs were 8.9 and 10.7%, respectively. Vigour assessment predicted crab mortality well. The main stressors identified were poor handling; air exposure during unloading, and deficient transport conditions. d-Glucose and l-lactate increased during transport with acidification of the haemolymph. Concentration of l-lactate reached control levels after 24 h of recovery, but haemolymph remained acidic and hyperglycaemic even after 96 h. The transport conditions promoted anaerobiosis, so alternatives need to be considered.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Richards, R. Anne, and J. Stanley Cobb. "Competition for Shelter Between Lobsters (Homarus americanus) and Jonah Crabs (Cancer borealis): Effects of Relative Size." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 2250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f86-276.

Full text

Abstract:

American lobsters (Homarus americanus) and Jonah crabs (Cancer borealis) inhabit rocky subtidal areas where they take shelter in crevices or burrows. In previous studies, lobsters dominated crabs of equivalent size in competition for shelter; however, we predicted that large crabs could dominate small lobsters. SCUBA surveys revealed a broad overlap in size of lobsters and Jonah crabs cooccurring in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island; thus, opportunity exists for interaction between animals disparate in size. In laboratory experiments, relative size did not affect the outcome of competition for shelter: lobsters were competitively superior to crabs of all sizes. However, some crabs excluded lobsters from shelter. Fish predation on lobsters increased significantly when shelter was limited, but predation on crabs did not. Crabs were able to escape predation by rapid burrowing, while lobsters were dependent on locating preexisting refuges. Differential vulnerability to predation may explain the lack of size effect in competition between lobsters and crabs. The cost of not obtaining shelter is lower for crabs than for lobsters; thus, crabs utilize alternatives rather than compete with lobsters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Borges, A. C. P., J. F. G. Piassão, M. O. Paula, S. Sepp, C. F. S. Bez, L. U. Hepp, A. T. Valduga, A. A. Mielniczki Pereira, and R. L. Cansian. "Characterization of oxidative stress biomarkers in a freshwater anomuran crab." Brazilian Journal of Biology 78, no. 1 (June 12, 2017): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.04816.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In general, environmental responses at level of populations or communities are preceded by alterations at lower biological levels which can be efficiently detected by the analysis of biomarkers. We analyzed the oxidative biomarkers TBARS and Catalase in Aegla singularis, a freshwater crustacean highly sensitive to environmental changes. The objective was to address if are differences in these biomarkers related to the gender as well if they are influenced by seasonal or water physicochemical variables. The results showed differences in biomarkers profile related to the gender. In female crabs were not sensitive to seasonal variations throughout the study period. However, in males the biomarkers evaluated were higher in the winter as compared to remaining seasons and showed tendency of negative correlation with water temperature and pH. This study highlights that gender, seasonal variations and physicochemical variables can influence oxidative stress biomarkers in A. singularis. Female crabs probably are better suited as a model for biomarker application in environmental studies, because their insensibility to seasonal variations can facilitate the observations of responses related specifically to environmental disturbances.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Dahdouh-Guebas, F., M. Verneirt, J. F. Tack, D. Van Speybroeck, and N. Koedam. "Propagule predators in Kenyan mangroves and their possible effect on regeneration." Marine and Freshwater Research 49, no. 4 (1998): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf97108.

Full text

Abstract:

Grapsid crabs can play a considerable role in the predation of mangrove propagules and possibly are a threat to the regeneration of mangroves, whether natural or artificial. Experiments consisting of artificial plantation of mangrove juveniles were set up in Gazi Bay (Kenya). Grapsid crabs, particularly Neosarmatium meinerti in the most landward fringe and N. smithii and Sesarma guttatum in the middle fringe of the mangrove forest, were found to be a regeneration-limiting factor. Almost 100% (n = 40) of the landward plantations were cleared. There was a slight initial preference for Rhizophora propagules lying horizontally on the mangrove floor, which simulates the position of a stranding propagule. In Mida Creek (Kenya) the snail Terebralia palustris was observed predating mangrove propagules. This study shows that crabs may affect the regeneration potential of mangroves, and snails might also be a factor in predation. A need to actively search for ways to protect re-afforestation plots from predators of mangrove tree juveniles is necessary.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Crabs – Effect of stress on'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles