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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Crack modeling

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Academic literature on the topic 'Crack modeling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Crack modeling"

1

Tumanov, N. V. "Steady fatigue crack growth: micromechanism and mathematical modeling." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 84, no. 11 (December 3, 2018): 52–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2018-84-11-52-69.

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A universal energy-intensive micromechanism of periodic splitting-rupture (PSR) is revealed which proceeds at the front of the fatigue cracks in metallic materials, providing their steady growth, forming T-shaped crack tip and striated microrelief of the fracture surface. The PSR micromechanism is caused by a critical (prior to fracture) fragmentated structure formed in the area of the crack front where the material is subjected to multiple and increasing plastic deformation. This universal prefracture structure is a final stage of the evolution of the deformational structures emerged in front of the fatigue crack at the stage of stable crack growth in metallic materials with different initial structural states. This is responsible for universality of PSR micromechanism and fatigue striations. Fatigue striations are the traces of extending crack front with T-shaped tip formed during brittle transverse microsplitting along the overstressed boundaries of critical fragmentated structure. Based on 3D finite element modeling of the stress-strain state in front of the cracks with T-shaped tip, it is established that the value and the location of maximum of normalized in-plain stresses (acting in front of crack tip in the plane of crack along the normal to its front) are close or coincide for the cracks of different configuration and different types of tensile load under condition that splitting in the T-shaped crack tip is considerably less than the crack length. Taking into account the PSR micromechanism and asymptotic stress distribution in front of T-shaped crack tip the physically based mathematical model for steady fatigue crack growth is developed along with the techniques for prediction of steady fatigue crack growth in full-scale components under simple and complex loading cycles.

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GRAY, L. J., D. O. POTYONDY, E. D. LUTZ, P. A. WAWRZYNEK, L. F. MARTHA, and A. R. INGRAFFEA. "CRACK PROPAGATION MODELING." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 04, no. 02 (April 1994): 179–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021820259400011x.

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In this paper, we review recent advances in mathematical and computer science techniques for modeling crack propagation in solids. The fracture mechanics aspect of this problem is attacked by boundary integral equation methods, in particular the use of hypersingular integral equations for analyzing crack geometries. Key issues in the development of a software system capable of efficient crack propagation studies are also discussed. As an illustration of these techniques, calculations analyzing crack growth in a fuel door hinge on the Space Shuttle are presented.

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Altabey, Wael A., Mohammad Noori, Tianyu Wang, Ramin Ghiasi, Sin-Chi Kuok, and Zhishen Wu. "Deep Learning-Based Crack Identification for Steel Pipelines by Extracting Features from 3D Shadow Modeling." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (June 29, 2021): 6063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136063.

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Automatic crack identification for pipeline analysis utilizes three-dimensional (3D) image technology to improve the accuracy and reliability of crack identification. A new technique that integrates a deep learning algorithm and 3D shadow modeling (3D-SM) is proposed for the automatic identification of corrosion cracks in pipelines. Since the depth of a corrosion crack is below the surrounding area of the crack, a shadow of the crack is projected when the crack is exposed under light sources. In this study, we analyze the shadow areas of cracks through 3D shadow modeling (3D-SM) and identify the evolving cracks through the shape analysis of the shadows. To denoise the 3D images, the connected domain analysis is implemented so that the shadow groups of the evolving cracks can be retained and the scattered shadow groups that occur due to insignificant defects can be eliminated. Moreover, a novel deep neural network is developed to process the 3D images. The proposed automatic crack identification method successfully processes the 3D images efficiently and accurately diagnoses the corrosion cracks. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves satisfactory performance with 93.53% accuracy and a 92.04% regression rate.

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Wang, Zhaohua, Yichang (James) Tsai, and Menghua Ding. "Use of Crack Characteristics in Crack Sealing Performance Modeling and Network-Level Project Selection." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2612, no. 1 (January 2017): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2612-02.

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Crack sealing (CS) and crack filling (CF) are commonly used crack treatment methods. However, the study of their performance is still very limited, making it difficult for highway agencies to systematically and optimally select network-level CS-CF projects within available budgets. To address this issue, a generalized performance model for CS-CF–treated pavements is proposed. Detailed crack characteristics—including crack type, density, and width—are employed in the model. In the proposed performance model, crack density related to three types of cracks (transverse cracks, nonwheelpath longitudinal cracks, and wheelpath longitudinal cracks) is used to determine performance gain. Two discount functions are incorporated to consider the negative impact caused by alligator cracks and cracks that are very tight or very wide. The proposed model is instantiated and estimated using the practices of the Georgia Department of Transportation on CS and CF and the department’s pavement distress survey protocol. The case study—which uses three-dimensional laser data collected from a 1-mi pavement section on State Route 26 (US-80) near Savannah, Georgia, from 2011 to 2016—validates the feasibility and reasonableness of the model. An integer programming method is formulated for network-level CS-CF project selection. The testing results of 53 pavement segments show that the model and programming method can be used to select CS-CF projects within budget constraints while maximizing the length-weighted average performance gain. The proposed performance model and integer programming method show promise for use in incorporating CS and CF into a highway agency’s pavement management system. Conclusions and recommendations are offered.

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Wang, K. F., Y. Q. Wang, B. L. Wang, and L. Zheng. "A double cantilever beam incorporating cohesive crack modeling for superconductors." Modern Physics Letters B 34, no. 15 (March 30, 2020): 2050166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984920501663.

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In this paper, a double cantilever beam (DCB) specimen incorporating cohesive crack is developed for superconductors which have potential applications in high temperature superconducting cables in space solar power station. The cohesive interface is introduced along the crack front of the DCB model under electromagnetic force. The load-separation relation (i.e. the crack opening displacement) is used as the fracture mechanics parameter and the corresponding curves during fracture process are obtained and verified by the finite element numerical method. Results show that the presence of tensile electromagnetic force makes crack propagate easily. Superconductors with small cracks have good adaptability to the oscillation of magnetic fields while that with large cracks are easier to fracture during the descent of the magnetic field. In addition, the ductility ratio of the cohesive interface can significantly increase the fracture strength. The length of fracture zone decreases as the crack length increases.

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Gavrilov, A. A., G. I. Grebenyuk, V. I. Maksak, and N. A. Morozov. "Crack modeling of metal rod eigen-frequencies." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 23, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2021-23-2-56-64.

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The paper presents the development of approaches to the crack detection in metal rod structures based on the analysis of the lowest eigen-frequency modes. Full-scale experiments and numerical calculations are carried out, and the obtained results are compared. A vibration analyzer is used for full-scale experiments, and numerical calculations are performed by using Autodesk Inventor. With regard to the internal friction, the antinodes of various vibration forms were identified using a specially developed program. The model includes sensors for the the field experiment as masses affecting the frequency-response characteristics. The dependences are obtained for eigen-frequencies in the presence of cracks and for the crack locations. The polynomial dependences of the crack location on the lowest eigen-frequency modes of the rod can be used to analyze the crack position of in cantilever beams.

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Hu, Jiang, and Suhua Wu. "Statistical modeling for deformation analysis of concrete arch dams with influential horizontal cracks." Structural Health Monitoring 18, no. 2 (March 10, 2018): 546–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921718760309.

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Several concrete dams all over the world exhibit severe cracks. It is very important to investigate the influence of cracks on the long-term behavior of dam structures to ensure safe operation. The interpretation of measured dam displacements is usually based on statistical hydrostatic-seasonal-time and hydrostatic-thermal-time models. The main purpose of this article is to present a statistical hydrostatic-thermal-crack-time model to interpret displacements of concrete arch dams with influential horizontal cracks. The hydrostatic-thermal-crack-time model is applied to analyze the Chencun dam, an arch–gravity dam with a large-scale horizontal crack on the downstream face. The crack stretches horizontally across most of the dam blocks. Its crack mouth opening displacement had been continually increasing even after reinforcement treatment, accompanied by abnormal deformation characteristics of the arch–cantilever system. A three-dimensional finite element model, containing the pre-existing crack using special gap elements, is built to reproduce the structural response, assess the contribution of the crack on the registered movements, and obtain the relationship between the crack mouth opening displacement and the dam crest displacement. Based on this, the hydrostatic-thermal-CMOD-time model considering crack mouth opening displacement is developed. Compared with the traditional models, the hydrostatic-thermal-crack-time model is expected to provide a better fit accuracy. The results also show that the crack and the corresponding reinforcement measure have a significant effect on the deformation behavior of the dam. This can provide some useful indications for concrete structures with similar problems.

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Takagaki, Masakazu, and Toshiya Nakamura. "Fatigue Crack Modeling and Simulation Based on Continuum Damage Mechanics." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 129, no. 1 (March 10, 2006): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2388993.

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Numerical simulation of fatigue crack propagation based on fracture mechanics and the conventional finite element method requires a huge amount of computational resources when the cracked structure shows a complicated condition such as the multiple site damage or thermal fatigue. The objective of the present study is to develop a simulation technique for fatigue crack propagation that can be applied to complex situations by employing the continuum damage mechanics (CDM). An anisotropic damage tensor is defined to model a macroscopic fatigue crack. The validity of the present theory is examined by comparing the elastic stress distributions around the crack tip with those obtained by a conventional method. Combined with a nonlinear elasto-plastic constitutive equation, numerical simulations are conducted for low cycle fatigue crack propagation in a plate with one or two cracks. The results show good agreement with the experiments. Finally, propagations of multiply distributed cracks under low cycle fatigue loading are simulated to demonstrate the potential application of the present method.

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Li, Qingbo, Nengxiong Xu, Weifeng Wan, and Yazhe Li. "Modeling of Shear Crack Propagation in Rock Masses Using Mesh-Free LRPIM." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 25, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6654812.

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The modeling of shear cracks in materials is critical in various engineering applications, such as the safety analysis of concrete structures and stability analysis of rock slopes. Based on the idea of Goodman element, the elastic-plastic constitutive model of the shear cracks is derived, and the elastic-plastic analysis of shear crack propagation is realized in the local radial basis point interpolation method (LRPIM). This method avoids the loss of accuracy caused by the mesh in the analysis of fracture propagation, and the crack propagation of rock brittle material is simulated. The investigation indicates that (1) the LRPIM results are close to the FDM results, which demonstrates that it is feasible to analyze shear cracks in rock masses. (2) Compared with the results of the built-in oblique crack model, when the LRPIM is used to analyze crack propagation, the results are close to the experimental results, showing that the LRPIM can model shear crack propagation in a rock mass. (3) The propagation path using the LRPIM is not sufficiently smooth, which can be explained as the crack tip stress and strain not being sufficiently accurate and still requiring further improvement.

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Pais, Jorge. "The Reflective Cracking in Flexible Pavements." Romanian Journal of Transport Infrastructure 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2013): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rjti-2015-0012.

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Abstract Reflective cracking is a major concern for engineers facing the problem of road maintenance and rehabilitation. The problem appears due to the presence of cracks in the old pavement layers that propagate into the pavement overlay layer when traffic load passes over the cracks and due to the temperature variation. The stress concentration in the overlay just above the existing cracks is responsible for the appearance and crack propagation throughout the overlay. The analysis of the reflective cracking phenomenon is usually made by numerical modeling simulating the presence of cracks in the existing pavement and the stress concentration in the crack tip is assessed to predict either the cracking propagation rate or the expected fatigue life of the overlay. Numerical modeling to study reflective cracking is made by simulating one crack in the existing pavement and the loading is usually applied considering the shear mode of crack opening. Sometimes the simulation considers the mode I of crack opening, mainly when temperature effects are predominant.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crack modeling"

1

Christy, Clifford T. "Numerical modeling of a propagating crack." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA272604.

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Verma, Dhirendra. "Stochastic modeling of fatigue crack growth." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1054565393.

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3

Hafezi, M. H., R. Alebrahim, and T. Kundu. "Crack propagation modeling using Peridynamic theory." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622515.

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Crack propagation and branching are modeled using nonlocal peridynamic theory. One major advantage of this nonlocal theory based analysis tool is the unifying approach towards material behavior modeling- irrespective of whether the crack is formed in the material or not. No separate damage law is needed for crack initiation and propagation. This theory overcomes the weaknesses of existing continuum mechanics based numerical tools (e.g. FEM, XFEM etc.) for identifying fracture modes and does not require any simplifying assumptions. Cracks grow autonomously and not necessarily along a prescribed path. However, in some special situations such as in case of ductile fracture, the damage evolution and failure depend on parameters characterizing the local stress state instead of peridynamic damage modeling technique developed for brittle fracture. For brittle fracture modeling the bond is simply broken when the failure criterion is satisfied. This simulation helps us to design more reliable modeling tool for crack propagation and branching in both brittle and ductile materials. Peridynamic analysis has been found to be very demanding computationally, particularly for real-world structures (e.g. vehicles, aircrafts, etc.). It also requires a very expensive visualization process. The goal of this paper is to bring awareness to researchers the impact of this cutting-edge simulation tool for a better understanding of the cracked material response. A computer code has been developed to implement the peridynamic theory based modeling tool for two-dimensional analysis. A good agreement between our predictions and previously published results is observed. Some interesting new results that have not been reported earlier by others are also obtained and presented in this paper. The final objective of this investigation is to increase the mechanics knowledge of self-similar and self-affine cracks.

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Kim, Yun-Jae. "Modeling fully plastic, plane strain crack growth." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12223.

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Palettas, Panickos Neophytos. "Stochastic modeling and predictions for fatigue crack propagation /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487597424135962.

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6

Gualandi, Gabriele. "Crack modeling and crack propagation in structures using damage model and extended finite element techniques." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3931/.

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Hennessey, Conor Daniel. "Modeling microstructurally small crack growth in Al 7075-T6." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53947.

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Fatigue of metals is a problem that affects almost all sectors of industry, from energy to transportation, and failures to account for fatigue or incorrect estimations of service life have cost many lives. To mitigate such fatigue failures, engineers must be able to reliably predict the fatigue life of components under service conditions. Great progress has been made in this regard in the past 40 years; however one aspect of fatigue that is still being actively researched is the behavior of microstructurally small cracks (MSCs), which can diverge significantly from that of long cracks. The portion of life spent nucleating and growing a MSC over the first few grains/phases can consume over 90% of the total fatigue life under High Cycle Fatigue (HCF) conditions and is the primary source of the scatter in fatigue lives. Therefore, the development of robust fatigue design methodologies requires that the MSC regime of crack growth can be adequately modeled. The growth of microstructurally small cracks is dominated by influence of the local heterogeneity of the microstructure and is a highly complex process. In order to successfully model the growth of these microstructurally small cracks (MSCs), two computational frameworks are necessary. First, the local behavior of the material must be modeled, necessitating a constitutive relation with resolution on the scale of grain size. Second, a physically based model for the nucleation and growth of microstructurally small fatigue cracks is needed. The overall objective of this thesis is best summarized as the introduction these two computational frameworks, a crystal plasticity constitutive model and fatigue model, specifically for aluminum alloy 7075-T6, a high-strength, low density, precipitation hardened alloy used extensively in aerospace applications. Results are presented from simulations conducted to study the predicted crack growth under a variety of loading conditions and applied strain ratios, including uniaxial tension-compression and simple shear at a range of applied strain amplitudes. Results from the model are compared to experimental results obtained by other researchers under similar loading conditions. A modified fatigue crack growth algorithm that captures the early transition to Stage II growth in this alloy will also be presented.

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Hartmaier, Alexander. "Modeling of crack-tip plasticity in Tungsten single crystals." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9444852.

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Palmos, Epameinondas. "Modeling of Lamb waves and application to crack identification." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FPalmos.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineer and M.S. in Mechanical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Kwon, Young W. ; Pollak, Randall D. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 5, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Lamb Waves, modeling, finite element, longitudinal, and shear mode, ANSYS, debonding, sensor, piezoelectric. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-96). Also available in print.

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Gonçalves, da Silva Bruno Miguel. "Modeling of crack initiation, propagation and coalescence in rocks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55156.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2009.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 254-260).
Natural or artificial fracturing of rock plays a very important role in geologic processes and for engineered structures in and on rock. Fracturing is associated with crack initiation, propagation and coalescence, which have been studied experimentally and analytically by many researchers. The analytical models developed to describe the initiation and propagation of cracks in brittle materials can be incorporated in Finite Element (FE) and Displacement Discontinuity (DD) codes. Corresponding research has been going on at MIT and has led to the development of a DDM code - FROCK - which currently uses a stress-based criterion proposed by Bobet (1997) to model crack initiation and propagation. Even though the predictions obtained with this criterion generally correspond to the experimental results, there are cases, in which the results obtained with FROCK are not satisfactory. This thesis proposes and implements new crack initiation and propagation criteria in the DDM code FROCK, namely a strain-based criterion and two stress-dependent criteria. It also studies the crack initiation and propagation processes numerically, using the FEM code ABAQUS. Existing crack initiation and propagation criteria (stress, strain and energy based) are also investigated with ABAQUS. The crack development processes are studied by modeling pairs of pre-existing flaws (double-flaw geometries) embedded in specimens subjected to vertical compressive loads in both ABAQUS and FROCK. For the different flaw arrangements studied, the difference between the stress and strain fields around the flaw tip gradually increases as the horizontal distance between the inner flaw tips increases. In terms of crack initiation, the results obtained with the stress and strain-based criteria studied were more consistent with the experimental observations than the results obtained with the energy-based criterion. The proposed strain-based criterion implemented in FROCK yielded better results than Bobet's stress-based criterion currently used in FROCK, for the five flaw arrangements studied. The results obtained with the two proposed stress-dependent criteria indicate that the critical shear stress at which a crack propagates in rock does not depend upon the normal stress applied, since the best crack propagation results were obtained for very low or zero friction angles.
by Bruno Miguel Gonçalves da Silva.
S.M.

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Books on the topic "Crack modeling"

1

Radu, Vasile. Stochastic Modeling of Thermal Fatigue Crack Growth. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12877-1.

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Paasch, Robert Kenneth. Fatigue crack modeling in bridge deck connection details. Salem, OR: Oregon Dept. of Transportation, Research Group, 1999.

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Kitamura, Takayuki. Stochastic modeling of crack initiation and short-crack growth under creep and creep-fatigue conditions. [Washington, D.C.]: NASA, 1989.

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4

Yang, Zhenjun. Discrete crack modelling of plated concrete beams. Wolverhampton: University of Wolverhampton, 2002.

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Skrikerud, Petter & Bachmann, Hugo. Discrete Crack Modelling for Dynamically Loaded, Unreinforced Concrete Structures. Basel: Birkhauser, 1986.

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6

Krupp, Ulrich. Fatigue crack propagation in metals and alloys: Microstructural aspects and modelling concepts. Weinheim, DE: Wiley-VCH, 2006.

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Yang, Nihong. Experimental assessment and modelling of fatigue crack growth in aluminium bimaterials and composites, and titanium bimaterials. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2000.

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8

Peter, Kantzos, Telesman Jack, and Lewis Research Center, eds. Modeling of crack bridging in a unidirectional metal matrix composite. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1991.

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Pete, Kantzos, Telesman Jack, and Lewis Research Center, eds. Modeling of crack bridging in a unidirectional metal matrix composite. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1991.

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Radu, Vasile. Stochastic Modeling of Thermal Fatigue Crack Growth. Springer, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Crack modeling"

1

Friedman, Avner. "Crack propagation modeling." In Mathematics in Industrial Problems, 23–32. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8454-0_3.

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2

Greenspan, Donald. "Crack Development in a Stressed Copper Plate." In Particle Modeling, 161–69. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1992-7_13.

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Cruse, T. A. "BIE Modeling of Crack Surfaces." In Mechanics: Computational Mechanics, 45–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1385-1_4.

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Le, Khanh Chau. "Variational problems of crack equilibrium and crack propagation." In Multiscale Modeling in Continuum Mechanics and Structured Deformations, 53–81. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2770-4_2.

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Jirásek, Milan. "Damage and Smeared Crack Models." In Numerical Modeling of Concrete Cracking, 1–49. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0897-0_1.

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Huespe, Alfredo E., and Javier Oliver. "Crack Models with Embedded Discontinuities." In Numerical Modeling of Concrete Cracking, 99–159. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0897-0_3.

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Hofstetter, G., C. Feist, H. Lehar, Y. Theiner, B. Valentini, and B. Winkler. "Plasticity based crack models and applications." In Numerical Modeling of Concrete Cracking, 161–219. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0897-0_4.

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Palettas, Panickos N., Prem K. Goel, and Purushottam W. Laud. "Bayesian Modeling For Fatigue Crack Curves." In Survival Analysis: State of the Art, 153–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7983-4_10.

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Lin, Y. K., W. F. Wu, and J. N. Yang. "Stochastic Modeling of Fatigue Crack Propagation." In Probabilistic Methods in the Mechanics of Solids and Structures, 103–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82419-7_11.

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Zou, Xiaoli. "Modeling of Random Fatigue Crack Growth Lifetime." In Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management, 1433–39. London: Springer London, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-410-4_231.

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Conference papers on the topic "Crack modeling"

1

Fonzo, Andrea, Andrea Meleddu, Massimo Di Biagio, Gianluca Mannucci, Giuseppe Demofonti, Clifford W. Petersen, and Nicholas E. Biery. "Crack Propagation Modeling and Crack Arrestor Design for X120." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10319.

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The new, higher grade pipeline steels provide an opportunity to reduce pipeline costs by enabling a shift to higher pressure at reasonable wall thickness. However, these higher operating stresses place greater demands on the pipeline, particularly when a running fracture is considered. Several studies have shown that intrinsic arrest cannot be counted on for these grades under all operating conditions. In such cases, crack arrestors will be needed. This paper presents results obtained using CSM’s proprietary PICPRO® finite element code to predict the performance of crack arresters on X120 pipes, and shows that the predictions agree well with full-scale experimental results obtained in arrestor trials.

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Brust, F. W., D. J. Shim, G. Wilkowski, and D. Rudland. "PWSCC Crack Growth Modeling Approaches." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57974.

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Flaw indications have been found in some dissimilar metal (DM) nozzle to stainless steel piping welds and reactor pressure vessel heads (RPVH) in pressurized water reactors (PWR) throughout the world. The nozzle welds usually involve welding ferritic (often A508) nozzles to 304/316 stainless steel pipe) using Alloy 182/82 weld metal. The welds may become susceptible to a form of corrosion cracking referred to as primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC). It can occur if the temperature is high enough (usually >300C) and the water chemistry in the PWR is typical of operating plants. The weld residual stresses (WRS) induced by the welds are a main driver of PWSCC. Several mechanical mitigation methods to control PWSCC have been developed for use on a nozzle welds in nuclear PWR plants. These methods consist of applying a weld overlay repair (WOR), using a method called mechanical stress improvement process (MSIP), and applying an inlay to the nozzle ID. The purpose of a mitigation method is to reduce the probability that PWSCC will occur in the nozzle joint. The key to assessing the effectiveness of mitigation is to determine the crack growth time to leak with and without the mitigation. Indeed, for WOR and MSIP, the weld residual stresses are often reduced after application while for inlay they are actually increased. However, all approaches reduce crack growth rates if applied properly. Procedures for modeling PWSCC growth tend to vary between organizations performing the analyses. Currently, the prediction of PWSCC crack growth is based on the stress intensity factors at the crack tips. Several methods for evaluating the stress intensity factor for modeling the crack growth through these WRS fields are possible, including using analytical, natural crack growth using finite element methods, and using the finite element alternating method. This paper will summarize the methods used, critique the procedures, and provide some examples for crack growth with and without mitigation. Suggestions for modeling such growth will be provided.

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Glavind, Sebastian T., Henning Brüske, and Michael H. Faber. "On Normalized Fatigue Crack Growth Modeling." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18613.

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Abstract Modeling of fatigue crack growth plays a key role in risk informed inspection and maintenance planning for fatigue sensitive structural details. Probabilistic models must be available for observable fatigue performances such as crack length and depth, as a function of time. To this end, probabilistic fracture mechanical models are generally formulated and calibrated to provide the same probabilistic characteristics of the fatigue life as the relevant SN fatigue life model. Despite this calibration, it is recognized that the rather complex fracture mechanical models suffer from the fact that several of their parameters are assessed experimentally on an individual basis. Thus, the probabilistic models derived for these parameters in general omit possible mutual dependencies, and this in turn is likely to increase the uncertainty associated with modeled fatigue lives. Motivated by the possibility to reduce the uncertainty associated with complex multi-parameter probabilistic fracture mechanical models, a so-called normalized fatigue crack growth model was suggested by Tychsen (2017). In this model, the main uncertainty associated with the fatigue crack growth is captured in only one parameter. In the present contribution, we address this new approach for the modeling of fatigue crack growth from the perspective of how to best estimate its parameters based on experimental evidence. To this end, parametric Bayesian hierarchical models are formulated taking basis in modern big data analysis techniques. The proposed probabilistic modeling scheme is presented and discussed through an example considering fatigue crack growth of welds in K-joints. Finally, it is shown how the developed probabilistic crack growth model may be applied as basis for risk-based inspection and maintenance planning.

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T. G., Darmaev. "Modeling of grout penetration in crack." In NANOMATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES-VI. Buryat State University Publishing Department, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18101/978-5-9793-0883-8-245-249.

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Fu, Rui, Sean McDaniel, Matthew Beck, and Alexandre Martin. "Crack Modeling in Charring Ablation Materials." In AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-1050.

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Ray, A., and S. Tangirala. "Stochastic modeling of fatigue crack propagation." In Proceedings of 16th American CONTROL Conference. IEEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.1997.611833.

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Hafezi, M. H., R. Alebrahim, and T. Kundu. "Crack propagation modeling using Peridynamic theory." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Tribikram Kundu. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2219487.

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Gautesen, A. "Modeling Scatter from 2D Interfacial Crack." In REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1916657.

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Male´sys, Nicolas, Ludovic Vincent, and Franc¸ois Hild. "Probabilistic Modeling of Crack Networks in Thermal Fatigue." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61081.

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A probabilistic model is proposed to predict the formation and propagation of crack networks in thermal fatigue. It is based on a random distribution of sites where cracks form and on the shielding phenomenon corresponding to the relaxed stress field created around propagating cracks. The stress gradient that arises under a surface submitted to thermal shocks is accounted for as well as multiaxial stress states. Experiments using digital image correlation have been performed to introduce the hypotheses made herein, and others to identify the parameters of the crack density as a function of the stress range and the number of cycles. Simulations of the formation of crack networks in a heterogeneous biaxial state of stress are carried out. A good qualitative agreement is obtained with existing thermal fatigue experiments especially considering the effect of the stress range on the crack densities as well as on the distribution of crack sizes.

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Cooley, Phillip, Joseph Slater, and Oleg Shiryayev. "Fatigue Crack Modeling and Analysis in Beams." In 53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference
20th AIAA/ASME/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference
14th AIAA. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2012-1874.

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Reports on the topic "Crack modeling"

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Veilleux, Michael, and John M. Emery. Geometry adaptive crack modeling and variable mapping. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055599.

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Foster, John T. Dynamic crack initiation toughness : experiments and peridynamic modeling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1001000.

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Blumenthal, Saul, and Prem Goel. Fatigue Crack Propagation: Probabilistic Modeling and Statistical Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada195885.

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Johnathan Andrew Zimmerman. Crack Nucleation and Growth: Combined Validated Atomistic and Continuum Modeling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/793719.

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Landis, Chad M., and Thomas J. Hughes. Phase-Field Modeling and Computation of Crack Propagation and Fracture. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada603638.

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Jagannadham, Kasi, Heinz G. Wilsdorf, and William G. Reynolds. Modeling the Temperature Rise at the Tip of a Fast Crack. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada212418.

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Green, William H., Raymond E. Brennan, and Costas F. Fountzoulas. XCT Study of Cone Crack Damage in Multilayered Transparent Panel Structures and Comparison to Modeling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada568923.

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Chao, Yuh-Jin, and Poh-Sang Lam. Analytical modeling of the effect of crack depth, specimen size, and biaxial stress on the fracture toughness of reactor vessel steels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/46556.

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Yan, Yujie, and Jerome F. Hajjar. Automated Damage Assessment and Structural Modeling of Bridges with Visual Sensing Technology. Northeastern University, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17760/d20410114.

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Recent advances in visual sensing technology have gained much attention in the field of bridge inspection and management. Coupled with advanced robotic systems, state-of-the-art visual sensors can be used to obtain accurate documentation of bridges without the need for any special equipment or traffic closure. The captured visual sensor data can be post-processed to gather meaningful information for the bridge structures and hence to support bridge inspection and management. However, state-of-the-practice data postprocessing approaches require substantial manual operations, which can be time-consuming and expensive. The main objective of this study is to develop methods and algorithms to automate the post-processing of the visual sensor data towards the extraction of three main categories of information: 1) object information such as object identity, shapes, and spatial relationships - a novel heuristic-based method is proposed to automate the detection and recognition of main structural elements of steel girder bridges in both terrestrial and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based laser scanning data. Domain knowledge on the geometric and topological constraints of the structural elements is modeled and utilized as heuristics to guide the search as well as to reject erroneous detection results. 2) structural damage information, such as damage locations and quantities - to support the assessment of damage associated with small deformations, an advanced crack assessment method is proposed to enable automated detection and quantification of concrete cracks in critical structural elements based on UAV-based visual sensor data. In terms of damage associated with large deformations, based on the surface normal-based method proposed in Guldur et al. (2014), a new algorithm is developed to enhance the robustness of damage assessment for structural elements with curved surfaces. 3) three-dimensional volumetric models - the object information extracted from the laser scanning data is exploited to create a complete geometric representation for each structural element. In addition, mesh generation algorithms are developed to automatically convert the geometric representations into conformal all-hexahedron finite element meshes, which can be finally assembled to create a finite element model of the entire bridge. To validate the effectiveness of the developed methods and algorithms, several field data collections have been conducted to collect both the visual sensor data and the physical measurements from experimental specimens and in-service bridges. The data were collected using both terrestrial laser scanners combined with images, and laser scanners and cameras mounted to unmanned aerial vehicles.

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Mohanty, Subhasish M., Bryan J. Jagielo, William I. Iverson, Chi Bum Bhan, William S. Soppet, Saurin M. Majumdar, and Ken N. Natesan. Online stress corrosion crack and fatigue usages factor monitoring and prognostics in light water reactor components: Probabilistic modeling, system identification and data fusion based big data analytics approach. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1168230.

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