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Journal articles on the topic 'Cracks closure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Lee, Sang Eon, and Jung-Wuk Hong. "Effect of Crack Closure on Magnitude of Modulated Wave." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, no. 13 (2020): 2041018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420410187.

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Fatigue cracks generated by repeated loads cause structural failures. Such cracks grow continuously and at an increasing speed owing to the concentration of stresses near the crack tips. Therefore, the early detection of fatigue cracks is imperative in the field of structural-health monitoring for the safety of structures exposed to dynamic loading. In particular, the detection of those cracks subjected to compression is known as a challenging problem in the nondestructive inspection area. The nonlinear ultrasonic modulation technique is effective for the detection of microcracks smaller than

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2

Jia, Jun, Haifeng Hu, Limin Tao, and Yongpan Hu. "In situ measurement of fatigue crack opening stresses by nonlinear vibro-acoustic modulation testing." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 7 (2017): 168781401770626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017706265.

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The difficulty of accurately measuring crack closure regions has hindered measurements of opening or closure stresses, and ultrasonic methods have shown great potentialities in evaluating closure area. Many recent researches have confirmed the advantages of nonclassical nonlinear acoustic approaches in detecting short cracks and even micro- or meso-cracks. However, there are few reports on using nonclassical nonlinear acoustic approaches to measure crack closure. The aim of this article is to verify the applicability of vibro-acoustic modulation approach in estimating opening stresses of fatig

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3

TOKAJI, Keiro, takeshi OGAWA, and Shuji OSAKO. "Crack closure of small fatigue cracks." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 53, no. 486 (1987): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.53.200.

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4

Shen, Jane-Sang, Julie P. Harmon, and Sanboh Lee. "Thermally-induced Crack Healing in Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 6 (2002): 1335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0199.

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A microscopic theory of thermally induced crack healing in poly(methyl methacrylate) is presented. Both laser-induced cylindrical cracks and knife-induced surface cracks were analyzed. For a given temperature, the crack closure rate was constant for both types of cracks. However, the crack closure rate was lower for samples with cylindrical cracks than for those with surface cracks. The former exhibited higher activation energy for crack closure than the latter, because the knife-induced cracks had sharper crack tips. Fracture stress was proportional to surface crack healing time to the one-fo

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5

McClung, R. C., and H. Sehitoglu. "Closure and Growth of Fatigue Cracks at Notches." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 114, no. 1 (1992): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2904135.

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The closure behavior of fatigue cracks growing out of notches is studied with an elastic-plastic finite element model. Crack opening stresses are shown to change significantly as the crack extends. Opening stresses are low at first and then gradually rise to stable values as the crack tip moves away from the notch field. These transient changes are not limited to the region of the original inelastic notch field. The rate of change of opening stresses with increasing crack length is a function of both nominal maximum stress and nominal stress ratio. Stable levels are reached more quickly at hig

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6

Liaw, P. K. "Long Fatigue Cracks — Microstructural Effects and Crack Closure." MRS Bulletin 14, no. 8 (1989): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400061935.

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Fracture mechanics technology is an effective tool for characterizing the rates of fatigue crack propagation. Generally, fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN) in each loading cycle can be presented as a function of stress intensity range (ΔK), where ΔK = Kmax — Kmin, Kmax and Kmin are the maximum and the minimum stress intensities, respectively. A typical fatigue crack growth rate curve of da/dN versus ΔK can be divided into three regimes, i.e., Stage I (near-threshold), Stage II (Paris), and Stage III (fast) crack growth regions, as shown in Figure 1.Depending on the region of crack growth, fatig

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7

Song, P. "Crack growth and closure behaviour of surface cracks." International Journal of Fatigue 26, no. 4 (2004): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2003.06.002.

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8

McEvily, A. J., and Y. S. Shin. "A Method for the Analysis of the Growth of Short Fatigue Cracks." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 117, no. 4 (1995): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804734.

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A method for the analysis of the fatigue crack growth rate for short cracks has been developed and is applied to the case of fatigue crack growth of short surface cracks in a 1045 carbon steel. The method entails three modifications to standard LEFM procedures. These modifications include the use of a material constant to bridge between smooth and cracked specimen behavior, consideration of the plastic zone size to crack length ratio, and incorporation of the development of crack closure. Comparisons are made between calculations based upon this approach and experimental data.

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9

Theilig, Holger, M. Goth, and Michael Wünsche. "Numerical Simulation of Fatigue Crack Growth for Curved Cracks Emanating from Fastener Holes in Sheets by the MVCCI Method." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 863–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.863.

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The paper presents the results of a continued study of curved fatigue crack growth in a multiple arbitrarily pre-cracked isotropic sheet under plane stress loading. The predictor-corrector method (PCM) was extended in order to analyse the growth of multiple crack systems in a finite 2D structure. Together with the recently proposed improved modified virtual crack closure integral (MVCCI) method we can obtain accurate SIF values also for interacting cracks, and furthermore we can simulate fatigue crack growth of multiple crack systems in plane sheets under proportional mixed mode loading condit

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10

Xu, Yan Hai, and Yong Xiang Zhao. "Modelling the Behavior of Short Fatigue Cracks under Variable Amplitude Loading Using FEM." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 985–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.985.

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The behavior of short fatigue cracks under variable amplitude loading (VA) was investigated by FEM. The crack closure induced by the crack surface roughness was taken into consideration by using the contact between these crack surfaces. The effects of variable amplitude loading on the performance of short cracks are demonstrated with factors such as grain orientation and misorientation, crack length and the friction efficient between the contacted crack surfaces. Through the two indicators, crack tip opening displacement represented by "CTOD and "CTSD and the plastic strain range of crack tip,

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11

TANAKA, Keisuke, Yoshiaki AKINIWA, Masaya NAKAO, and Masao KINEFUCHI. "Propagation threshold and crack closure of small fatigue cracks." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 56, no. 524 (1990): 715–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.56.715.

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12

Chong-Myong, Pang, and Song Ji-Ho. "Crack growth and closure behavior of short fatigue cracks." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 47, no. 3 (1994): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(94)90091-4.

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13

Ebi, Günter, and Peter Neumann. "Closure behaviour of small cracks." Steel Research 61, no. 10 (1990): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/srin.199000387.

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14

McEvily, A. J. "Recent Advances in Fatigue Crack Growth." Key Engineering Materials 510-511 (May 2012): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.510-511.15.

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Many of the recent advances in the understanding of the fatigue crack growth process have resulted from an improved realization of the importance of fatigue crack closure in the crack growth process. Two basic crack closure processes have been identified. One of which is known as plasticity-induced fatigue crack closure (PIFCC), and the other is roughness-induced fatigue crack closure (RIFCC). Both forms occur in all alloys, but PIFCC is a surface-related process which is dominant in aluminum alloys such as 2024-T3, whereas RIFCC is dominant in most steels and titanium alloys. A proposed basic

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15

Hu, Jun Feng, Xi Deng, Yong Yang, and Zhou Chen. "Effect of Crack Length on Strength Recovery of Silicon-Carbide-Whisker-Reinforced Silicon Nitride Upon Healing Treatment." Science of Advanced Materials 11, no. 12 (2019): 1723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2019.3606.

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A silicon carbide whisker (SiCw) reinforced silicon nitride (Si3N4) composite ceramic was selected to study the crack-healing performance. Pre-cracks of various length were introduced on the tensile side of specimens by Vickers hardness tester. The crack-healing performance as a function of heating temperature and crack dimension, as well as the crack-healing mechanism were investigated. The optimal heat treatment temperature for crack-healing of Si3N4/SiCw is 1200–1300 °C. The treatment allows complete healing of a crack of 200 μm after heat treated at 1300 °C, and achievement of a substantia

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16

Toyosada, Masahiro, and Koji Gotoh. "The Significance of Plastic Zone Growth under Cyclic Loading and Crack Opening/Closing Model in Fatigue Crack Propagation." Materials Science Forum 482 (April 2005): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.482.95.

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Fatigue cracks remain closed at lower loading level during a part of load cycle even though a tension-to-tension loading is applied. The crack closure plays a role to obstruct the generation and growth of compressive plastic zone during unloading. Cyclic plastic work, which corresponds to an irreversible energy consumed in a cracked body is generated ahead of a crack, is required as a fatigue crack driving force. The amout of cyclic plasticity is reduced by a crack closure. The crack opening/closing model based on the Dugdale model under arbitrary stress distributions for a through thickness s

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17

Chen, Wei, Yixuan Han, Franck Agostini, Frederic Skoczylas, and Didier Corbeel. "Permeability of a Macro-Cracked Concrete Effect of Confining Pressure and Modelling." Materials 14, no. 4 (2021): 862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040862.

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The effects of confining pressure are investigated for two samples of a macro-cracked concrete. Samples are first macro-cracked with a splitting tensile strength test (Brazilian) technique. Gas permeability is continually measured under increasing (or decreasing) confining pressure, whereas crack closure (or opening) is recorded with an LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) device. Despite a mechanical closure of the macro-crack, identified at around 20 MPa confining pressure, gas permeability continues to decrease as confinement is increased. This means that a model of the macro-cra

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18

Lanning, D., and M. H. H. Shen. "Reliability of Structures Containing Short Cracks." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 121, no. 3 (1999): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829559.

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The reliability of structures containing short cracks is investigated. Short fatigue cracks are generally acknowledged to be small cracks propagating at rates that are faster or anomalous when compared to standard fracture analysis predictions developed for longer cracks. The extent of the short crack behavior tends to depend on mechanism such as the existence of notch plasticity surrounding the short crack. Techniques are presented for calculating the probability that short surface cracks will propagate without arresting to a size where the growth can then be analyzed using linear elastic fra

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19

Morris, W. L., and M. R. James. "Small Cracks and the Transition to Long Cracks." MRS Bulletin 14, no. 8 (1989): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400061923.

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The propagation of small fatigue cracks differs considerably from that of long cracks in the same material. Small cracks tend to grow more rapidly than would be expected from long-crack data. Following Suresh and Ritchie, cracks are small when (1) their length is small compared to the scale of local plasticity (a linear elastic fracture mechanics, LEFM, limitation); (2) their length is small compared to microstructural dimensions (a continuum mechanics limitation); or (3) they are merely physically small. The importance of understanding the anomalously rapid growth of small cracks has been the

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20

Waqar, Muhammad, Geunyong Bak, Junhyeong Kwon, and Sanghyeon Baeg. "DDR4 BER Degradation Due to Crack in FBGA Package Solder Ball." Electronics 10, no. 12 (2021): 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10121445.

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This paper measures bit error rate degradation in DDR4 due to crack in fine pitch ball grid array (FBGA) package solder ball. Thermal coefficient mismatch between the package and printed circuit board material causes cracks to occur in solder balls. These cracks change the electrical model of the solder ball and introduce parallel capacitance in the electrical model. The capacitance causes higher frequency attenuation and closes the data eye. As the data rate of the DDR4 increases there are more data eye closures. The data eye closure causes bit error rate (BER) degradation as the timing margi

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21

Kibey, S., H. Sehitoglu, and D. A. Pecknold. "Modeling of fatigue crack closure in inclined and deflected cracks." International Journal of Fracture 129, no. 3 (2004): 279–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:frac.0000047787.94663.c8.

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22

Wang, C. H. "Fatigue crack closure analysis of bridged cracks representing composite repairs." Fatigue Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 23, no. 6 (2000): 477–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2000.00318.x.

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23

Xu, Yan Hai. "Study on Crack Retardation with the Consideration of Crack Surface Roughness by FEM." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 471–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.471.

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As one of the key factors to induce crack closure, crack surface roughness plays a dominated role in evaluating the characteristics of short fatigue cracks. The crack retardation induced by the crack surface roughness was investigated by numerical simulation in this paper. The influence of crack surface roughness on short fatigue cracks was directly applied into the numerical simulation procedure with the help of friction coefficients on the contacted crack surfaces. The driving forces of cracks represented by the two indicators such as crack tip displacement and plastic strain range were stud

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24

Wei, Chun Gen, Hai Bo Jiang, Fei Xin Huang, Shi Wu Ouyang, and Xiang Long. "Cause Analysis of Longitudinal Cracks in Closure Segment of an Extra-Large Bridge." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 2744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.2744.

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The longitudinal cracks in the bottom slab of box girder have been found in lots of prestressed concrete continuous girder bridges in China, and the disease has been common by now. In this paper, a review of the causes of longitudinal crack is given. Then an analysis model is established by MIDAS/Civil 2006 to analyze the causes of longitudinal cracks in the bottom slab of an extra-large bridge. In calculations, dead load, vehicle load, prestressed load and temperature load etc are considered, and the distributions of transverse stress are obtained under three load combinations. The results sh

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25

Gross, D., and ST Heimer. "Crack closure and crack path prediction for curved cracks under thermal load." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 46, no. 4 (1993): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(93)90169-s.

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26

Gardin, Catherine, Saverio Fiordalisi, Christine Sarrazin-Baudoux, and Jean Petit. "3D Numerical Study on how the Local Effective Stress Intensity Factor Range Can Explain the Fatigue Crack Front Shape." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.295.

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The plasticity-induced crack closure of through-thickness cracks, artificially obtained from short cracks grown in CT specimens of 304L austenitic stainless steel, is numerically simulated using finite elements. Crack advance is incremented step by step, by applying constant ΔK amplitude so as to limit the loading history influence to that of crack length and crack wake. The calculation of the effective stress intensity factor range, ΔKeff, along curved shaped crack fronts simulating real crack fronts, are compared to calculation previously performed for through-thickness straight cracks. The

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27

Lados, Diana A. "Fatigue Crack Propagation Mechanisms of Long and Small Cracks in Al-Si-Mg and Al-Mg Cast Alloys." Materials Science Forum 618-619 (April 2009): 563–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.618-619.563.

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Fatigue crack growth of long and small cracks was investigated for various Al-Si-Mg and Al-Mg cast alloys. Low residual stress was ensured during processing to concentrate on microstructural effects on crack growth. Compact tension and single edge tension specimens were fatigue crack growth tested at room temperature and stress ratio, R = 0.1. Microstructure related mechanisms were used to explain the near-threshold behaviour and crack growth response in Regions II and III for each material considering relevant microstructural features such as SDAS, grain size, and volume fraction and morpholo

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28

Ju, Yang, Toru Miyadu, Hitoshi Soyama, and Masumi Saka. "Quantitative Evaluation of Cracks under Water by Microwaves." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 2361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.2361.

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Quantitative evaluation of small cracks in stainless steel under water, which simulated the environment of unclear reactor, by using microwave, was demonstrated. The crack depth was evaluated by means of the microwave dual frequency technique, and the crack closure stress was estimated based on the compliance technique.

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29

Barter, Simon A., Madeleine Burchill, and Michael Jones. "An Investigation of the Extent of Crack Closure for Crack Growth in an Aluminium Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.93.

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The corrections incorporated in fatigue crack growth prediction programs for crack closure are usually tested by their ability to predict retardation following an overload and for the accuracy of their prediction lives for long cracks greater than about 1mm. They should, however, be examined on their ability to predict the life of cracks that grow from small sizes, such as small inherent material discontinuities, to failure, which is more typical of service situations and the growth produced by small cycles as well as the larger cycles. To examine the extent of crack closure in aluminium alloy

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30

Xiao, Hui, and Peter B. Nagy. "Enhanced ultrasonic detection of fatigue cracks by laser-induced crack closure." Journal of Applied Physics 83, no. 12 (1998): 7453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367507.

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31

Kim, Jong-Han, and Ji-Ho Song. "CRACK GROWTH AND CLOSURE BEHAVIOUR OF SURFACE CRACKS UNDER AXIAL LOADING." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 15, no. 5 (1992): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1992.tb01288.x.

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32

JAMES, M., and R. GARZ. "Relating closure development in long cracks to the short-crack regime." International Journal of Fatigue 13, no. 2 (1991): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-1123(91)90010-v.

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33

Liu, Yong Jie, Qing Yuan Wang, Xiang Guo Zeng, and Da Li Lv. "Numerical Analysis of Fracture Parameters of Multiple Interacting Cracks." Key Engineering Materials 417-418 (October 2009): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.417-418.277.

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Multiple interacting crack problems for 3-point bending specimen were studied in this article. Two symmetrical minor cracks were placed in the structure, besides a main crack at the middle, and using the finite element method program ABAQUS, the energy release rate (G) and the stress intensity factor (SIF) were evaluated based on the virtual crack closure technology（VCCT）in conjunction with finite element analysis(FEA). Then, effects of variation in relative lengths and locations of the minor cracks on the stress intensity factors of the main crack were obtained and analyzed. Finally, the appr

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34

Chan, K. S., J. Lankford, and D. L. Davidson. "A Comparison of Crack-Tip Field Parameters for Large and Small Fatigue Cracks." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 108, no. 3 (1986): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3225868.

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A comparison of the elastic-plastic crack-tip fields of large and small fatigue cracks has been made using the ΔJ-integral approach. Using experimental strain and displacement range measurements obtained by means of the stereoimaging technique, the ΔJ-integral has been computed for an aluminum alloy containing either large or small fatigue cracks, by performing line-contour integration along a variety of rectangular paths around the crack tip. These calculations reveal that for both large and small cracks the ΔJ-integral is path-dependent, and that the value of ΔJ increases with decreasing dis

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35

Li, Yingming, Gang Liu, Tao Qin, Zhupeng Jin, Chengxing Zhao, and Shunjie Huang. "Progressive Failure and Fracture Mechanism of Sandstone under Hydraulic-Mechanical Coupling." Shock and Vibration 2020 (September 30, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8866680.

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Hydraulic coupling often leads to progressive rock failure accidents. Mechanical tests were performed over a range of combined pore water pressure and confining pressure stress path conditions to study the progressive failure characteristics of sandstone under hydraulic-mechanical coupling and explore the crack initiation and pore water fracture mechanism. The closure stress and damage stress were determined by the axial deformation stiffness and volume deformation stiffness. The experimental results indicate that confining pressure is the main controlling factor in the crack propagation stage

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36

Cui, Zhendong, and Weige Han. "In SituScanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Observations of Damage and Crack Growth of Shale." Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, no. 2 (2018): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927618000211.

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AbstractTo better understand the formation and evolution of hierarchical crack networks in shales, observations of microscopic damage, and crack growth were conducted using anin situtensile apparatus inside a scanning electron microscope. An arched specimen with an artificial notch incised into the curved edge was shown to afford effective observation of the damage and crack growth process that occurs during the brittle fracturing of shale. Because this arched specimen design can induce a squeezing effect, reducing the tensile stress concentration at the crack tip, and preventing the brittle s

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Zhou, Li Ming, Guang Wei Meng, Xiao Lin Li, and Feng Li. "Analysis of Dynamic Fracture Parameters in Functionally Graded Material Plates with Cracks by Graded Finite Element Method and Virtual Crack Closure Technique." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8085107.

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Based on the finite element software ABAQUS and graded element method, we developed a dummy node fracture element, wrote the user subroutines UMAT and UEL, and solved the energy release rate component of functionally graded material (FGM) plates with cracks. An interface element tailored for the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) was applied. Fixed cracks and moving cracks under dynamic loads were simulated. The results were compared to other VCCT-based analyses. With the implementation of a crack speed function within the element, it can be easily expanded to the cases of varying crack ve

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Ricoeur, Andreas. "Electrostatic Tractions at Crack Faces Taking into Account Full Piezoelectric Field Coupling." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 681–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.681.

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Cracks in piezoelectric solids have been subject to fracture mechanical investigations for more than 30 years. In the early years of research, boundary conditions at crack faces have been adopted from pure mechanical systems assuming traction free boundaries. From the electrostatic point of view, cracks have been assumed to be either free of surface charge or fully permeable. Later, limited permeable crack boundary conditions have become popular among the community, however still assuming traction-free crack faces. Recently, the theoretical framework has been extended including electrostatical

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Sharpe, W. N., and X. Su. "Closure measurements of naturally initiating small cracks." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 30, no. 3 (1988): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(88)90188-9.

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Walker, Kevin, Chun H. Wang, and Jim C. Newman Junior. "Fatigue Crack Closure due to Surface Roughness and Plastic Deformation." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.319.

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Crack closure is an important factor affecting fatigue crack growth in high strength alloy materials. Plasticity is known to be the main driver of closure, but in some materials and at some stages other mechanisms such as fracture surface roughness and debris accumulation are also important. Analytical models based on the plasticity induced closure concept have been very successful in correlating fatigue crack growth rates and lives for a range of materials under constant amplitude and spectrum loading. However, extreme values of plastic constraint factors, significantly lower than those deter

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Materna, Aleš, Hynek Lauschmann, and Jan Ondráček. "Numerical Modelling of Plasticity Induced Crack Closure with Rough Fracture Surfaces." Key Engineering Materials 827 (December 2019): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.827.7.

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A two-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element model was built to simulate the closure of a long fatigue crack with arbitrarily shaped crack faces. The model growth is simulated by the successive mesh splitting along the crack path defined by element edges. To obtain a realistic morphology of the fracture surface, fatigue crack growth experiments with CT specimen made from AISI 304 stainless steel were performed and fracture surface topology was determined using a single camera and a depth-from-focus method. Simulated closing loads and closure lengths for the cracks with rough and smooth fac

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42

Menshykov, Oleksandr V., and Igor A. Guz. "Elastodynamic Problem for Two Penny-Shaped Cracks: The Effect of Cracks’ Closure." International Journal of Fracture 153, no. 1 (2008): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10704-008-9282-7.

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43

Wang, Dong Xu, and Liang Wu. "Virtual Crack Closure Technique in the Analysis of Concrete Arch Dam Cracks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 444-445 (October 2013): 1466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.444-445.1466.

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In this paper, a 3-dimension finite element with dummy nodes for calculating and outputting the stress energy release (SERR) at the crack tip was built up based on virtual crack closure technique (VCCT), it is presented to demonstrate the virtual crack closure technique has high accuracy and good feasibility. The calculation results curve and the analytical solution curve are in good agreement. The results show that the proposed interface elements can be used to calculate to get accurate results by finite element analysis. It can give us some new ideas for Hydraulic structure crack research.

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Newman, J. C. "Fatigue-Life Prediction Methodology Using a Crack-Closure Model." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 117, no. 4 (1995): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804736.

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This paper reviews the capabilities of a plasticity-induced crack-closure model and life-prediction code, FASTRAN, to predict fatigue lives of metallic materials using small-crack theory. Crack-tip constraint factors, to account for three-dimensional state-of-stress effects, were selected to correlate large-crack growth rate data as a function of the effective-stress-intensity factor range (ΔKeff) under constant-amplitude loading. Some modifications to the ΔKeff-rate relations were needed in the near-threshold regime to fit small-crack growth rate behavior and endurance limits. The model was t

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Kuutti, Juha, and Iikka Virkkunen. "Crack closure behaviour of semicircular surface cracks subjected to cyclic thermal loads." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 43, no. 12 (2020): 3063–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ffe.13364.

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Oh, C. "Crack growth and closure behaviour of surface cracks under pure bending loading." International Journal of Fatigue 23, no. 3 (2001): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-1123(00)00090-6.

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Akiniwa, Y., K. Tanaka, and H. Kimura. "Microstructural effects on crack closure and propagation thresholds of small fatigue cracks." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 24, no. 12 (2001): 817–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2001.00455.x.

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Journet, B. G., A. Lefrancois, and A. Pineau. "A CRACK CLOSURE STUDY TO PREDICT THE THRESHOLD BEHAVIOUR OF SMALL CRACKS." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 12, no. 3 (1989): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1989.tb00530.x.

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Petrova, Vera, Vitauts Tamuzs, and Natalia Romalis. "A Survey of Macro-Microcrack Interaction Problems." Applied Mechanics Reviews 53, no. 5 (2000): 117–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3097344.

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Abstract:

The results obtained on the problem of the interaction between a large crack and an array of microcracks or other microdefects are reviewed. The following problems are considered: interaction of main crack with microcracks in the two-dimensional case at tensile, shear or combined stress state; a closure of macro or microcracks as a result of their interaction, and the influence of this phenomenon on the stress intensity factor; the thermal cracking of an elastic solid caused by the macro-microcracks interaction and cracks closure; the interaction of a crack with an array of small pores or rigi

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Xie, Wei, Qi Qing Huang, and Masanori Kikuchi. "Study on the Stress Intensity Factor for Mixed Mode Surface Crack under Three Point Bending." Advanced Materials Research 33-37 (March 2008): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.33-37.85.

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Abstract:

In the virtual crack closure method (VCCM), the energy release rate is computed based on the results of finite element calculation, and the stress intensity factor (SIF) is computed from the energy release rate. In this paper, the stress intensity factor of mixed-mode surface cracks under three point bending is studied by using the three dimensional modified virtual crack closure method (MVCCM). The modified virtual crack closure method is required to open one element face area whose shape is arbitrary and finite element widths are unequal across the crack front. The effect of the distance bet

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