Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cranial Sinuses

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Cranial Sinuses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cranial Sinuses"

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Liu, James K., David Decker, Steven D. Schaefer, et al. "Zones of Approach for Craniofacial Resection: Minimizing Facial Incisions for Resection of Anterior Cranial Base and Paranasal Sinus Tumors." Neurosurgery 53, no. 5 (2003): 1126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000088802.58956.5a.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE Anterior cranial base tumors are surgically resected with combined craniofacial approaches that frequently involve disfiguring facial incisions and facial osteotomies. The authors outline three operative zones of the anterior cranial base and paranasal sinuses in which tumors can be resected with three standard surgical approaches that minimize transfacial incisions and extensive facial osteotomies. METHODS The zones were defined by performing dissections on 10 cadaveric heads and by evaluating radiographic images of patients with anterior cranial base tumors. The three approaches performed on each cadaver were transbasal, transmaxillary, and extended transsphenoidal. RESULTS Three zones of approach were defined for accessing tumors of the anterior cranial base, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses. Zone 1 is exposed by the transbasal approach, which is limited anteriorly by the supraorbital rim, posteriorly by the optic chiasm and clivus, inferiorly by the palate, and laterally by the medial orbital walls. This approach allows access to the entire anterior cranial base, nasal cavity, and the majority of maxillary sinuses. The limitation imposed by the orbits results in a blind spot in the superolateral extent of the maxillary sinus. Zone 2 is exposed by a sublabial maxillotomy approach and accesses the entire maxillary sinus, including the superolateral blind spot and the ipsilateral anterior cavernous sinus. However, access to the anterior cranial base is limited. Zone 3 is exposed by the transsphenoidal approach. This approach accesses the midline structures but is limited by the lateral nasal walls and intracavernous carotid arteries. An extended transsphenoidal approach allows further exposure to the anterior cranial base, clivus, or cavernous sinuses. The use of the endoscope facilitates tumor resection in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. CONCLUSION The operative zones outlined offer minimally invasive craniofacial approaches to accessing lesions of the anterior cranial base and paranasal sinuses, obviating facial incisions and facial osteotomies. Case illustrations demonstrating the approach selection paradigm are presented.
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Kitamura, Matheus Augusto Pinto, Leonardo Ferraz Costa, Danilo Otávio de Araújo Silva, Laécio Leitão Batista, Maurus Marques de Almeida Holanda, and Marcelo Moraes Valença. "Cranial venous sinus dominance: what to expect? Analysis of 100 cerebral angiographies." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 75, no. 5 (2017): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20170042.

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ABSTRACT We report an analysis of the cranial venous sinuses circulation, emphasizing morphological and angiographic characteristics. Methods Data of 100 cerebral angiographies were retrospectively analyzed (p = 0.05). Results Mean age was 56.3 years, 62% female and 38% male. Measurements and dominance are shown in the Tables. There was no association between age or gender and dominance. Right parasagittal division of the superior sagittal sinus was associated with right dominance of the transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus and internal jugular vein; and left parasagittal division of the superior sagittal sinus was associated with left dominance of the transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus and internal jugular vein. Conclusion A dominance pattern of cranial venous sinuses was found. Age and gender did not influence this pattern. Angiographic findings, such as division of the superior sagittal sinus, were associated with a pattern of cranial venous dominance. We hope this article can add information and assist in preoperative venous analysis for neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists.
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Malik, Mubashir, Usama Muhammad Kathia, Zoha Fayyaz, and Rizwan Masood Butt. "A Rare Case of Nasal-Orbital-Cranial Aneurysmal Bone Cyst." Pakistan Journal Of Neurological Surgery 24, no. 2 (2020): 164–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36552/pjns.v24i2.425.

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case of aneurysmal bone cyst involving ethmoidal sinuses, maxillary sinuses, frontal sinuses, sphenoidal sinuses, basisphenoid bone, and left orbit with intracranial extension in a 9 year old female. The diagnosis was confirmed using CT, MRI-brain, CT-angio brain imaging. The finding of nasal-orbital-cranial aneurysmal bone cyst was confirmed on Histopathology. Two staged surgical excision planned and done, i.e. trans-cranial and trans-nasal excision.
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Yassaei, Soghra, Akramsadat Emami, and Sanam Mirbeigi. "Cephalometric association of mandibular size/length to the surface area and dimensions of the frontal and maxillary sinuses." European Journal of Dentistry 12, no. 02 (2018): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_345_17.

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ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to determine the cephalometric association of mandibular size/length to the surface area and dimensions of the frontal and maxillary sinuses. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 116 digital lateral cephalograms of 38 patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion (normal), 40 patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion with mandibular deficiency, and 38 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion with mandibular excess. Both male and female patients were included. Using AutoCAD 2016 software, the anteroposterior dimension, height and surface area of the frontal and maxillary sinuses, mandibular body length and cephalometric indices including anterior and posterior cranial bases, and growth pattern indices were measured on lateral cephalograms. Results: Dimensions and surface area of the frontal and maxillary sinuses in skeletal Class III malocclusion were greater than those in other groups. These variables were significantly correlated with the mandibular body length. The coefficient for the correlation of height, width, and surface area of the frontal sinus with mandibular body length was 0.253, 0.284, and 0.490, respectively. The coefficient for the correlation of height, length, and surface area of the maxillary sinus with mandibular body length was 0.346, 0.657, and 0.661, respectively. These variables (except for the frontal sinus width) had a significant correlation with the anterior and posterior cranial bases. The frontal sinus width had a significant correlation with the anterior cranial base. These variables in males were greater than those in females. Conclusion: The dimensions and surface area of the frontal and maxillary sinuses in skeletal Class III malocclusion were greater than those in other groups. These variables (except for the frontal sinus width) had a significant correlation with the anterior and posterior cranial bases and mandibular body length.
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Khorwal, Gitanjali, and Sunita Kalra. "A peculiar case of dural venous sinuses with resulting atypical bony markings in posterior cranial fossa." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 6 (2017): 2830. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172500.

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A paramedian or midline suboccipital approach for craniotomies and craniectomies is commonly employed for decompression or tumour resections from posterior cranial fossa. The reference for midline is taken as the line joining the nasion and inion on the surface of the skull which is the estimated position of superior sagittal sinus. In the interior, the internal occipital protuberance is the site of confluence of sinuses which presents a spectrum of variations. An unusual pattern of drainage of dural venous sinuses was observed at the site of customary confluence during routine dissection of head region for undergraduate medical students in a sixty-year-old female cadaver. The superior sagittal sinus continued as right transverse sinus as usual but it was connected to the left transverse sinus through a venous channel. There was no appreciable confluence of sinuses at this site. A prominent and atypical cerebellar process emerged from right hemisphere of cerebellum and projected between right transverse sinus and the venous channel connecting right and left transverse sinuses. In the posterior cranial fossa, the internal occipital crest was present on the left of midline separated from internal occipital protuberance. Another small ridge was present to the right of midline. A triangular fossa thus formed on the right side of internal occipital crest was occupied by the unusual prominent process emerging from the right hemisphere of cerebellum.Pre-operative assessment of dural venous sinuses is imperative before any surgical intervention especially around the confluence of the sinuses.
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Ribas, Guilherme C., Albert L. Rhoton, Oswaldo R. Cruz, and David Peace. "Suboccipital burr holes and craniectomies." Neurosurgical Focus 19, no. 2 (2005): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2005.19.2.2.

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Object The goal of this study was to delimit the external cranial projection of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses, and to establish initial strategic systematized burr hole sites for lateral infratentorial suboccipital approaches based on external cranial landmarks particularly related to the lambdoid, occipitomastoid, and parietomastoid sutures. Methods The external cranial projection of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses was studied through their external outlining obtained with the aid of multiple small perforations made from inside to outside along the inner margins of the sinuses of 50 paired temporoparietooccipital regions in 25 dried adult human skulls. The burr hole placement was studied by evaluating the supratentorial, over-the-sinuses, and infratentorial components of 1-cm-diameter openings made at strategic sites identified in the initial part of the study, which was performed in another 50 paired temporoparietooccipital regions. The asterion and the midpoint of the inion–asterion line were found to be particularly related to the inferior half of the transverse sinus; the transverse and sigmoid sinuses' transition occurs 1 cm anteriorly to the asterion across the parietomastoid suture, and the most superior part of the sigmoid sinus is located anteriorly to the occipitomastoid suture, with its posterior margin crossing this suture posteriorly to the most superior aspect of the mastoid process, which is located at the most superior level of the mastoid notch. Burr holes made at the midpoint of the inion–asterion line, at the asterion, 1 cm anterior to the asterion, just inferiorly to the parietomastoid suture, and over the occipitomastoid suture at the most superior level of the mastoid notch are appropriate to expose the inferior half of the transverse sinus at its midpoint, the inferior half of the transverse sinus at its most lateral aspect, the transverse and sigmoid sinuses' transition, and the posterior margin of the basal aspect of the sigmoid sinus, respectively. Conclusions These findings allow an estimation of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses' external cranial projection. The asterion and the most posterior part of the parietomastoid suture constitute a suitable initial burr hole site at which to perform an upper or asterional suboccipital craniectomy to expose the superior aspect of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). The occipitomastoid suture at the most superior aspect of the mastoid notch constitutes an adequate initial burr hole site at which to perform a basal suboccipital craniectomy to expose the lower portion of the CPA. The sites can be used together as initial burr hole sites to perform wide suboccipital exposures, because they already constitute natural infratentorial lateral limits.
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Bisaria, Krishna Kumar. "Anatomic variations of venous sinuses in the region of the torcular Herophili." Journal of Neurosurgery 62, no. 1 (1985): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1985.62.1.0090.

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✓ In this study of 110 cranial cavities from adult cadavers, the superior sagittal sinus was found to divide into two channels. In most cases, the division was associated with a dural partition. Essentially, the variations as observed in this study could be grouped into three types: Type 1 includes those specimens in which the sagittal sinus drains into one lateral sinus and the straight sinus into the other, with no connection between the two. Type 2 includes those specimens in which the superior sagittal sinuses and the straight sinus fork, and the forks from both sinuses join to form the lateral sinuses. Type 3 includes those specimens in which a confluence of sinuses exists, varying from a common pool to merely a potential confluence, depending upon the presence of pads, incomplete partitions, and complete partitions of dura mater. Rare findings previously not reported consist of double straight sinuses draining into one transverse sinus; the superior sagittal sinus dividing into three channels with two transverse sinuses on one side; a transverse sinus originating from a tentorial vein; and drainage of a tentorial vein into the confluence of sinuses.
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Aryan, Henry E., Rahul Jandial, Azadeh Farin, Joseph C. Chen, Robert Granville, and Michael L. Levy. "Intradural cranial congenital dermal sinuses: diagnosis and management." Child's Nervous System 22, no. 3 (2005): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1182-9.

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Caldarelli, Massimo. "Intradural cranial congenital dermal sinuses: diagnosis and management." Child's Nervous System 22, no. 3 (2005): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1183-8.

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Liu, Lu Yang, Jin Ling Hong, and Chang Jun Wu. "A Preliminary Study of Neonatal Cranial Venous System by Color Doppler." BioMed Research International 2019 (April 28, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7569479.

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Aim. To present anatomic data in the ultrasound planes for the identification of the major veins and the venous sinuses in cerebrum and to establish the sonographic normal reference values for the visualization of vein vessels and vein sinuses and blood flow velocities. Methods. This study involved 55 healthy full-term neonates for transfontanellar color Doppler sonography. The imaging included both sagittal and coronal planes with LA332E probe, supplemented with PA240 probe as necessary. As low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principle was obeyed, limiting Doppler exposure time and maximizing signal intensity by increasing gain rather than outputting transducer power settings. The output power was kept at a minimum level consistent with recording an adequate signal. Keeping the newborns in calm state, the total examination time which every neonate required was less than 5 min. All images were stored also in a workstation for further analysis. The description statistics and t-test for statistical analysis were used. Result. In all studied cases (100% cases), subependymal veins (SV), internal cerebral veins (ICV), Galen vein (GV), straight sinus (SS), superior sagittal sinus (SSS), and transverse sinuses (TS) were visualized. The visualization percentages of inferior sagittal sinus (ISS) or basal veins/Rosenthal veins (BV/RV) were lower than 100%. Based on vessel visualization percentage from high to low, the vessels were ordered as follows: SV, ICV, BV, SS, TS, ISS, and SSS. In SSS and TS, the pulsation percentage was 100%. The descending percentages of vessel pulsation were noted in SS, BV, ICV, and SV. On the basis of the mean of maximum velocities of the vessels from low to high, the vessels were ordered as follows: ISS, BV-L, BV-R, ICV-R, ICV-L, SV-L, SV-R, SSS, TS-L, TS-R, and SS. Conclusion. The measurements percent of visualization of cerebral deep veins was higher than the percent of cerebral venous sinuses. The pulsation percent of measurement and the velocities of cerebral venous sinuses were absolutely higher than the cerebral deep venous system. The pairs of vascular blood flow velocities were nonsignificantly different from one another.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cranial Sinuses"

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Dufeau, David L. "The Evolution of Cranial Pneumaticity in Archosauria: Patterns of Paratympanic Sinus Development." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1313622931.

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Faulkner, Jacqueline. "Study of the cranial sinus nematode, Stenurus minor (Metastrongyloidea), in the harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23272.

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Seventy-eight harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoena, (33 females, 45 males) were obtained from the summer (June-September) cod fishery incidental-by-catch in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and examined for the presence of cranial sinus nematodes. This is the first quantitative and in-depth study of the distribution of Stenurus minor (Kuhn, 1829) Baylis and Daubney, 1925 in the cranium of by-caught harbour porpoises. Stenurus minor was present in the cranial sinuses of all adult porpoises ($>$1yr, n = 66, x = 2362, range 87-8920) and absent in all young-of-the-year ($<$1yr, n = 12). Only fifth-stage worms were observed and these were equally distributed between the right and left side ot the skull (mean intensity = 1158 and 1213 in the left and right side, respectively). Female S. minor were predominant (1:1.8 sex ratio). Mean intensity of S. minor was similar among all infected porpoises, suggesting an annual loss and recruitment of this parasite. Parasite load had no apparent effect on porpoise body condition (measured as % blubber weight of carcass). No gross lesions associated with the presence of numerous S. minor in the cranial sinuses, were observed. There was an inverse relationship between the intensity of S. minor and mean worm-length, suggestive of a "crowding effect". Mean worm-length in lightly infected porpoises was 17.8 $ pm$ 0.2 mm and 16.1 $ pm$ 0.2 mm in heavily infected animals. Possible life-cycles and modes of transmission are examined in light of our findings. The absence of S. minor in porpoises less than 1 year old suggests heteroxenous transmission of this parasite, via an intermediate host in the food chain. Transmammary and or transplacental transmission is unlikely.
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Lima, Rodrigo Freitas. "Reconstrução em 3D de imagens DICOM cranio-facial com determinação de volumetria de muco nos seios paranasais." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2015. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1465.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:37:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RODRIGO FREITAS LIMA.pdf: 13768169 bytes, checksum: 153d5257eed9a0961aaeaac94e224f89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-05<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Paranasal sinus are important objects of study to rhinosinusitis diagnostic, having some papers related incidence between asthma and allergic rhinitis.Many applications can calculate to various parts of the human body, getting a CT scan or MRI input, and returning information about the region of interest observed as volume and area. The accumulated mucus in the sinuses is one of the areas of interest that have not yet been implemented methods for the calculation of volume and area. In the present scenario, the patient monitoring is done visually, depending largely on perception of the evaluator. Therefore, we seek to implement more accurate metrics to facilitate medical care to the patient and it can help prevent the worsening of rhinitis in a given patient, developing mechanisms of visual and numerical comparison, where it is possible observe the progress of treatment. This work contains a detailed study of how certain existing techniques, combined into one methodology can segment and calculate the accumulated mucus in the maxillary sinus. In addition to techniques such as Thresholding, Gaussian filter, Mathematical Morphology, Metallic Artifacts Reduction during processing and segmentation, MUNC and DTA to calculate the volume and area, and visualization techniques as the Marching Cubes, it was also necessary some adjustments in the algorithm for limit the region of interest where the thresholding combined with the gaussian filter has not been effective of retaining edges. The application will use two open source platforms, one for processing, ITK, and another for visualization, VTK. The results demonstrated that it is possible to perform segmentation and the calculation with the use of platforms as well as the methodology used is adequate to solve this problem.<br>Os seios paranasais são importantes objetos de estudo para o diagnóstico de rinossinusites, tendo alguns estudos relacionado a incidência de asma na fase adulta a quadros de rinite alérgica na infância. Muitas aplicações atendem a diversas partes do corpo humano, obtendo de entrada uma tomografia computadorizada ou ressonância magnética, e devolvendo, muitas vezes, números que dizem respeito ao objeto de interesse observado, como volume e área. O muco acumulado nos seios paranasais é uma das regiões de interesse que ainda não tiveram métodos implementados para o cálculo do volume e área. No cenário atual, o acompanhamento do paciente é feito de forma visual, dependendo muito da percepção do avaliador. Portanto, busca-se a implementação de métricas mais precisas para facilitar o acompanhamento médico ao paciente e ajudar na prevenção do agravamento de um quadro de rinite em um determinado paciente, criando mecanismos de comparação visual e numérica, onde é possível observar a evolução do tratamento. Este trabalho contém um estudo detalhado de como determinadas técnicas existentes, combinadas em uma metodologia, podem segmentar e calcular o muco acumulado nos seios paranasais maxilares. Além de técnicas como a Binarizacão, Filtro Gaussiano, Morfologia Matemática, Redução de Ruídos Metálico durante o processamento e segmentação, MUNC e DTA para o cálculo do volume e área, e técnicas de visualização como o Marching Cubes, foram necessários também ajustes no algoritmo para limitar a área segmentada onde a binarizacão combinada ao filtro não foi capaz de manter as bordas da região de interesse. A aplicação fará uso de duas plataformas de código livre, sendo uma para o processamento, ITK, e outra para visualização de imagens, VTK. Os resultados demonstraram que é possível realizar a segmentação e o cálculo com o uso das plataformas, bem como a metodologia empregada é adequada a resolução deste problema.
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"Function and evolution of the cranial sinuses in bovid mammals and ceratopsian dinosaurs." STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK, 2009. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3338157.

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Books on the topic "Cranial Sinuses"

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Clinical anatomy of the posterior cranial fossa and its foramina. G. Thieme Verlag, 1991.

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Pichler, Michael R., and Robert D. Brown. Cerebral Venous Thrombosis. Edited by Emma Ciafaloni, Cheryl Bushnell, and Loralei L. Thornburg. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190667351.003.0017.

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Thrombosis of cortical veins and/or dural venous sinuses (CVT) is a rare but potentially devastating condition. CVT is more common in women and is strongly associated with pregnancy and the postpartum period, likely due to numerous procoagulant changes during this time. CVT can cause a wide range of symptoms depending on location of thrombosis. Clinical manifestations can include headache, cranial nerve deficits, seizures, and venous infarction with associated focal neurologic deficits. Severe cases may progress to coma and death, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. The approach to management of CVT during pregnancy and the postpartum period must be tailored to prevent complications to the mother and child. This chapter addresses the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of CVT in pregnancy and the postpartum period.
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Fisch, Adam. Cranial and Spinal Nerve Overview and Skull Base. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199845712.003.0166.

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Shaw, Pamela, and David Hilton-Jones. The lower cranial nerves and dysphagia. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0429.

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Disorders affecting the lower cranial nerves – V (trigeminal), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), XI (accessory) and XII (hypoglossal) – are discussed in the first part of this chapter. The clinical neuroanatomy of each nerve is described in detail, as are disorders – often in the form of lesions – for each nerve.Trigeminal nerve function may be affected by supranuclear, nuclear, or peripheral lesions. Because of the wide anatomical distribution of the components of the trigeminal nerve, complete interruption of both the motor and sensory parts is rarely observed in practice. However, partial involvement of the trigeminal nerve, particularly the sensory component, is relatively common, the main symptoms being numbness and pain. Reactivation of herpes zoster in the trigeminal nerve (shingles) can cause pain and a rash. Trigeminal neuralgia and sensory neuropathy are also discussed.Other disorders of the lower cranial nerves include Bell’s palsy, hemifacial spasm and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Cavernous sinus, Tolosa–Hunt syndrome, jugular foramen syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis are caused by the involvement of more than one lower cranial nerve.Difficulty in swallowing, or dysphagia, is a common neurological problem and the most important consequences include aspiration and malnutrition (Wiles 1991). The process of swallowing is a complex neuromuscular activity, which allows the safe transport of material from the mouth to the stomach for digestion, without compromising the airway. It involves the synergistic action of at least 32 pairs of muscles and depends on the integrity of sensory and motor pathways of several cranial nerves; V, VII, IX, X, and XII. In neurological practice dysphagia is most often seen in association with other, obvious, neurological problems. Apart from in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, it is relatively rare as a sole presenting symptom although occasionally this is seen in motor neurone disease, myasthenia gravis, and inclusion body myositis. Conversely, in general medical practice, there are many mechanical or structural disorders which may have dysphagia as the presenting feature. In some of the disorders, notably motor neurone disease, both upper and lower motor neurone dysfunction may contribute to the dysphagia. Once dysphagia has been identified as a real or potential problem, the patient should undergo expert evaluation by a clinician and a speech therapist, prior to any attempt at feeding. Videofluoroscopy may be required. If there is any doubt it is best to achieve adequate nutrition through the use of a fine-bore nasogastric tube and to periodically reassess swallowing. Anticholinergic drugs may be helpful to reduce problems with excess saliva and drooling that occur in patients with neurological dysphagia, and a portable suction apparatus may be helpful. Difficulty in clearing secretions from the throat may be helped by the administration of a mucolytic agent such as carbocisteine or provision of a cough assist device.
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Singh, Harminder, Smeer Salam, and Theodore H. Schwartz. Endocrine Silent Pituitary Tumors. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0016.

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Pituitary adenomas are the most common intracranial neoplasms in adults, with a prevalence of 7% to 17%. Clinically, they can be divided into 2 categories based on whether they secrete pituitary hormones: functional (secretory) and nonfunctional (nonsecretory or endocrine silent) adenomas. The biologic latency of nonfunctional (endocrine silent) adenomas makes them usually diagnosed at the stage of macro (&gt;1 cm) and giant (&gt;4 cm) adenomas. Because these tumors are nonfunctioning, their primary symptoms are due to mass effect, particularly on the optic chiasm and normal pituitary gland and stalk superiorly, and the cavernous sinus laterally. Visual field disturbance is the most common presenting complaint, followed by pituitary dysfunction and headaches. Surgical outcomes, therefore, are aimed at determining visual outcome in addition to rates of gross total resection, recurrence, and postoperative pituitary dysfunction. Several recent case series have documented the increased success of the endonasal endoscopic transsphenoidal approach for resecting nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas, particularly in relation to the classic open cranial and microsurgical transsphenoidal techniques.
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Moen, Vibeke. Neurological complications of neuraxial blockade. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0028.

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Neuraxial techniques for obstetric analgesia and anaesthesia are widespread, and serious complications are extremely rare. The most common of all complications following neuraxial blockade is postdural puncture headache, but headache may also be present in pathological conditions such as pre-eclampsia and sinus vein thrombosis. Headache may also be a symptom of cranial subdural haematoma, meningitis, and epidural abscess, all rare complications of central blockade, thus introducing a potential confounder in the newly delivered woman complaining of headache. Vertebral spinal haematomas are extremely rare in the healthy obstetric patient, but haemostatic disorders might develop following placement of an epidural catheter, thus increasing the possibility of spinal haematomas. Anaesthetists must be familiar with these rare complications, and perform neuraxial blockade avoiding traumatic damage, and using aseptic techniques. The anaesthetist will be involved in diagnosing a woman with neurological symptoms after labour and delivery, and must be familiar with common intrinsic obstetric neuropathies and clinical diagnostic procedures. This chapter describes complications following neuraxial blockade, as well as preventive and diagnostic procedures.
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Book chapters on the topic "Cranial Sinuses"

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Navarro, João A. C., João de Lima Navarro, and Paulo de Lima Navarro. "Cranial Base and Paranasal Sinuses." In The Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56829-9_11.

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Fliss, Dan M., and Ziv Gil. "The Cranial Base." In Atlas of Surgical Approaches to Paranasal Sinuses and the Skull Base. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48632-0_1.

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Wagner, W., U. W. Wahlmann, and H. Scheunemann. "Cranial Complications Following Dental Infection." In Surgery of the Sellar Region and Paranasal Sinuses. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76450-9_21.

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Silver, Amanda L., and Zeynel A. Karcioglu. "Tumors of the Paranasal Sinuses, Nasal and Cranial Cavities." In Orbital Tumors. Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1510-1_23.

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Garcia, J. H. "Thrombosis of Cranial Veins and Sinuses: Brain Parenchymal Effects." In Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8199-0_3.

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García, Martín Granados, Javier López Gómez, Federico Maldonado Magos, and Alejandro Monroy-Sosa. "Transfacial Approaches of the Ventral Cranial Base, Paranasal Sinuses, and the Extra Cranial Fossae." In Principles of Neuro-Oncology. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54879-7_33.

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Ohaegbulam, S. C., J. I. Ausman, M. Dujovny, F. G. Diaz, and H. G. Mirchandani. "Microsurgical Anatomy of the Upper Cranial Nerves in the Sellar Region." In Surgery of the Sellar Region and Paranasal Sinuses. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76450-9_29.

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Rhoton, A. L. "The middle cranial base and cavernous sinus." In Cavernous Sinus. Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-72138-4_1.

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Sekhar, L. N., Sh Pomeranz, and Ch N. Sen. "Management of Tumours Involving the Cavernous Sinus." In Processes of the Cranial Midline. Springer Vienna, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9183-5_18.

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Al-Mefty, O., S. Ayoubi, and R. R. Smith. "Direct Surgery of the Cavernous Sinus: Patient Selection." In Processes of the Cranial Midline. Springer Vienna, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9183-5_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cranial Sinuses"

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Snively, Eric, John R. Cotton, Lawrence Witmer, Ryan Ridgely, and Jessica Theodor. "Finite Element Comparison of Cranial Sinus Function in the Dinosaur Majungasaurus and Head-Clubbing Giraffes." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53127.

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Abstract:
Majungasaurus crenatissimus is a spectacularly preserved carnivorous dinosaur from latest Cretaceous Madagascar. Computed tomographic (CT) scans reveal unusual internal anatomy of the dinosaur’s cranium [1,2; Figure 1]: the nasals form a large hollow chamber traversed with bony struts, and a unicorn-like projection of the frontals is also hollow. The wall thickness and struts within these sinuses recall sinuses of giraffes, which strike each other with a median projection (ossicone) above a frontal sinus and lateral ossicones of the parietals [3]. Giraffe-like cranial sinuses, and large attachments for neck muscles [4], raise the hypothesis that Majungasaurus could engage in giraffe-like head strikes to each other’s necks and flanks.
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Glaser, D., and O. Reichel. "Endoscopic Removal of a Cranial Frontal Sinus Cyst." In Abstract- und Posterband – 91. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Welche Qualität macht den Unterschied. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710863.

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Najera, Edinson, Baha'eddin Muhsen, Bilal Ibrahim, Michal Obrzut, Hamid Borghei-Razavi, and Badih Adada. "The Blood Supply of Intracavernous Cranial Nerves: An Anatomic Study and Its Implications for Transcranial and Endoscopic Cavernous Sinus Surgery." In Special Virtual Symposium of the North American Skull Base Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1725540.

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