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Journal articles on the topic 'Craton Ouest Africain'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Caen-Vachette, Michelle. "Le craton ouest-africain et le bouclier guyanais: un seul craton au Protérozoïque inférieur?" Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 7, no. 2 (January 1988): 479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(88)90092-9.

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2

Boulanger, Bruno, and Georges Millot. "La distribution des bauxites sur le craton ouest-africain. Distribution of bauxites on the West African Craton." Sciences Géologiques. Bulletin 41, no. 1 (1988): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/sgeol.1988.1785.

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3

Villeneuve, Michel, Abdelkrim El Archi, and Juste Nzamba. "Les chaînes de la marge occidentale du Craton Ouest-Africain, modèles géodynamiques." Comptes Rendus Geoscience 342, no. 1 (January 2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2009.12.002.

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4

Auvray, B., J. P. Burg, Ch Caruba, R. Dars, and K. Lo. "L'Amsaga (Mauritanie), fragment Archéen du Craton Ouest-Africain: observations et hypothèses nouvelles." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 14, no. 2 (February 1992): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(92)90095-t.

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5

Wenmega, U., and P. Tempier. "Pétrologie d'un complexe gabbroïque différencié dans le sillon du Boussouma (Burkina-Faso-Craton Ouest Africain)." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 9, no. 1 (January 1989): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(89)90013-4.

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6

Villeneuve, M. "Structure et evolution des bassins du Panafricain II dans la partie occidentale du craton ouest africain." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France VI, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.vi.1.155.

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7

Lefort, Jean-Pierre, Tahar Aı̈fa, and Robert Bourrouilh. "Évidences paléomagnétiques et paléontologiques en faveur d'une position antipodale du craton Ouest-Africain et de la Chine du Nord : conséquences paléogéographiques." Comptes Rendus Geoscience 336, no. 2 (February 2004): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2003.11.003.

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8

Bouougri, El Hafid, and Ali Saquaque. "Organisation stratigraphique et structure de la marge Anti-Atlasique du craton Ouest-Africain au sud du Siroua (Néoprotérozoïque, Anti-Atlas central, Maroc)." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science 330, no. 11 (June 2000): 753–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1251-8050(00)00232-9.

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9

Affaton, Pascal, Patrick Gaviglio, and André Pharisat. "Réactivation du craton ouest-africain au Panafricain : paléocontraintes déduites de la fracturation des grès néoprotérozoïques de Karey Gorou (Niger, Afrique de l’Ouest)." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science 331, no. 9 (November 2000): 609–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1251-8050(00)01445-2.

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10

El Aouli, El Hassan, Dominique Gasquet, and Moha Ikenne. "Le magmatisme basique de la boutonniere d'Igherm (Anti-Atlas occidental, Maroc); un jalon des distensions neoproterozoiques sur la bordure nord du craton ouest-africain." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 172, no. 3 (May 1, 2001): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/172.3.309.

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Abstract In the Igherm inlier (western Anti-Atlas, Morocco) doleritic dyke swarms with various directions and gabbroic intrusive bodies were emplaced during Neoproterozoic times, cutting across either Eburnean micaschists and granites or Panafrican limestones and quartzites. All these rocks were deformed by the main Panafrican schistosity and covered by molassic and volcanic Upper Neoproterozoic series. The primary mineralogical assemblages (plagioclase, augite, olivine...) of the mafic rocks are nearly completely replaced by secondary assemblages (albite, actinolite, chlorite, epidote, calcite, quartz, leucoxene, magnetite, hematite...). However, three main groups have been recognized by the means of relative chronology and petrography. The group 1 is earlier, as shown by the intrusive character of the dykes of the other two groups into its gabbroic bodies. Using incompatible trace elements and rare earth elements it appears that this magmatism is truly heterogeneous and that the three groups have different magmatic affinities. The group 1 corresponds to tholeiitic dolerites and gabbros characterized by intersertal and ophitic textures and by high contents in Fe 2 O 3 (12.16 to 16.64%), TiO 2 (1.46 to 2.5%), Zr (90 to 174 ppm), Nb (7 to 13 ppm), Y (21.68 to 38.74 ppm) and V (264 to 419 ppm). The REE contents are low (Sigma REE = 49 to 137 ppm) and the REE patterns are flat [1.99<(La/Yb) N <4.56] showing a relative slight enrichment in LREE and no anomaly in Eu (0.89>Eu/Eu (super *) <1.11). These features as the TiO 2 vs FeO (super *) /MgO and V vs Ti/1000 diagrams are characteristic of anorogenic intraplate magmas. The group 2 corresponds to calc-alkaline dolerites and gabbros showing fine-grained intersertal textures and high contents of Al 2 O 3 (14.10 to 20.64%) and low contents of Fe 2 O 3 (8.35 to 12.91%), TiO 2 (0.68 to 1.41%), Zr (66 to 106 ppm), Nb (5 to 7 ppm), Y (16.41 to 20.75 ppm) and V (144 to 264 ppm). The REE contents vary from 67 to 155 ppm and the REE patterns are fractionated (2.78<(La/Yb) N <6.62) with a strong enrichment in LREE. The slight positive Eu anomaly (0.91<Eu/Eu (super *) <1.37) is related to the wealth of plagioclases frequently observed in these rocks. The TiO 2 contents of these rocks and their low FeO (super *) /MgO ratios give them a calc-alkaline affinity similar to that of calc-alkaline orogenic basalts related to an oceanic subduction. The group 3 corresponds to alkaline dolerites characterized by fine-grained intersertal textures with high contents of TiO 2 (3.85 to 3.97%), P 2 O 5 (0.66 to 0.77%), Nb (33 to 39 ppm), Zr (262 to 287 ppm), Y (39.6 to 47.7 ppm) and REE (Sigma REE = 205 to 218 ppm). The REE patterns are fractionated (7.77<La/Yb) N <6.65) without no Eu anomaly (0.99<Eu/Eu (super *) <1.02). The Ti/V and Y/Nb ratios (65.26 to 74.95 and 1.19 to 1.22, respectively) are those of alkaline rocks found in intraplate environments. The detailed petrographical, geochemical and field studies of the Igherm inlier show that the mafic magmatism is more complex than previously described. The mafic tholeiitic and alkaline magmatism occurring in the Igherm inlier is also present in the other inliers of the Moroccan Anti-Atlas during Neoproterozoic times. On the other hand the calc-alkaline Neoproterozoic mafic magmatism is very rare elsewhere in the Anti-Atlas except in the Siroua Massif and locally in the Bas Draa and Tagragra d'Akka inliers (western Anti-Atlas). The geodynamical environment of this mafic magmatism is linked to a strong extensional tectonic regime occurring at the northern border of the West African craton during Neoproterozoic times. This regime is related to the oceanic opening described in Central Anti-Atlas and to the emplacement of the ophiolites of Bou Azzer and Siroua or occurs immediately after the oceanic opening. The chemical heterogeneities observed in the three defined groups can be related to heterogeneities of mantellic sources and/or various partial melting ratios of the sub-continental mantle. We can assume that this major fissural magmatic event, not precisely dated, is equivalent to that observed in the other Neoproterozoic provinces in Hoggar, Cameroon, north America and Brazil.

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11

Baraou Idi, Souley, Moussa Konaté, Yacouba Ahmed, and Abdoulwahid Sani. "Indices De Minéralisations En Or Dans La Province Panafricaine Du Sud Maradi (Sud Niger)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 17, no. 21 (June 30, 2021): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n21p238.

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Le socle du Sud Maradi (Sud Niger) correspond à l’extrémité Nord du bouclier Bénino-Nigérian, appartenant à la zone mobile panafricaine à l’Est du Craton Ouest-Africain. Cette étude apporte une modeste contribution dans la caractérisation géochimique des minéralisations aurifères de cette province métallogénique panafricaine. A cet effet, l’approche méthodologique mise en oeuvre associe le dosage géochimique de l’or par absorption atomique (Au Fire Assay/AA) pour les roches saines, et la séparation des pépites d’or par l’utilisation de la table à secousse pour les altérites du socle et les sédiments (placers et paléoplacers). Les analyses géochimiques ont mis en évidence l’existence de deux types de minéralisations: primaires et secondaires. Les minéralisations primaires de l’or sont à l’état disséminé (faibles teneurs de 0.005 à 0.017 g/t) mais des teneurs relativement plus élevées (0.006 à 0.017 g/t) ont été enregistrées au voisinage des zones de cisaillement du socle. Tandis que la minéralisation secondaire, mise en évidence dans les altérites du socle, dans les alluvions (placers) et dans les grès du Crétacé (paléoplacers) présentent des teneurs en or plus élevées (5 à 30 g/t), dépassant largement les teneurs des minéralisations primaires observées dans les roches saines du socle. Ce grand écart de teneurs s’explique par un fort lessivage du socle, qui aurait permis une reconcentration de l’or dans les sédiments. The South Maradi (South Niger) basement corresponds to the northeastern part of the Benin-Nigerian Shield, belonging to the Pan-African mobile zone, which is located to the east of the West African Craton. This study brings a modest contribution to the geochemical characterization of gold mineralization in this Pan-African metallogenic province. For this purpose, the methodological approach implemented combines the geochemical determination of gold contents by atomic absorption (Au Fire Assay/AA) for basement rocks and physical separation of gold specks by using the vibrating table process for basement alterites and sediments (placers and paleoplacers). The obtained results showed two types of gold mineralization: primary and secondary. Primary gold mineralization is in a disseminated state (low contents of 0.005 to 0.017 g / t) but relatively the higher values (0.006 to 0.017 g / t) were recorded near the basement shear zones. While the secondary gold mineralization, highlighted in basement alterites, alluvium (placers) and Cretaceous sandstones (paleoplacers) present higher gold contents (5 to 30 g / t) than primary gold contents observed in basement rocks. This large difference in values can be explained by a strong alteration of the basement, which would have allowed a reconcentration of the gold in the sediments.

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12

Ennih, N., D. Laduron, R. O. Greiling, E. Errami, H. de Wall, and M. Boutaleb. "Superposition de la tectonique éburnéenne et panafricaine dans les granitoïdes de la bordure nord du craton ouest africain, boutonniére de Zenaga, Anti-Atlas central, Maroc." Journal of African Earth Sciences 32, no. 4 (May 2001): 677–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5362(02)00048-9.

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13

Mathurin, Daï Bi Seydou, Ouattara Gbele, Koffi Gnammytchet Barthélémy, Gnanzou Allou, and Coulibaly Inza. "Mise En Évidence De Nouvelles Structures Géologiques Dans La Région De Brobo (Centre De La Côte d’Ivoire). Aide À La Compréhension De La Tectonique Du Paléoprotérozoïque Du Craton Ouest Africain." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 18 (June 30, 2018): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n18p305.

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The lithological and structural observations of the region of Brobo (Central Côte d'Ivoire) indicate a succession of metasedimentary rocks (micaschists with cordierite, silstones, graphitic sediments, sandstones with amphibole-garnet, etc.) intermixed with volcanic rocks (rhyolite, dacite, andesite, basalt and the volcanoclastics). The whole is intruded by granites with one or two micas, sometimes porphyries, granodiorites, gabbros, and granite gneisses. Interpretations of Landsat ETM+ , RadarSat-1 and SRTM remote sensing imageries, as well as field data, revealed several lineament directions which, after field control, correspond to major faults and shear zones. These large structures show the N-S, NE-SW, NNE-SSW, E-W, NWSE, and NNW-SSE orientations. The field data also made it possible to describe several structures and to propose a preliminary geodynamic model for the setting and structuring of the formations of this region. This model suggests that the geodynamic took place in three stages: distension with a deformation of basement formations generating a gneissocity (D1), as well as deposits of sediments in the basins; followed by a NW-SE to E-W convergence generating a cleavage in the volcanogenic series (D2). This phase of deformation continues while creating, locally, a strain slip cleavage or a transposed schistosity. The third cleavage affects the volcanogenic series (fractures cleavages, D3) and ends in large corridors of ductile shear zones and associated faults.

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14

Mortaj, A., M. Ikenne, D. Gasquet, P. Barbey, and J. M. Stussi. "Les granitoïdes paléoprotérozoïques des boutonnières du Bas Drâa et de la Tagragra d'Akka (Anti-Atlas occidental, Maroc): en élément du puzzle géodynamique du craton ouest-africain (Palæoproterozoic granitoids from the Bas Drâa and Tagragra d'Akka Inliers [western Anti-Atlas, Morocco]: part of the jigsaw puzzle concerning the Western African Craton)." Journal of African Earth Sciences 31, no. 3-4 (October 2000): 523–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5362(00)80005-6.

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15

Villeneuve, Michel, and Jean-Jacques Cornée. "Évolution paléogéographique de la marge nord-ouest de l'Afrique du Cambrien à la fin du Carbonifère (du Maroc au Libéria)." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 28, no. 7 (July 1, 1991): 1121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e91-101.

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Paleogeographic reconstructions of Paleozoic time are presented for the northwest margin of the West-African Craton. An extensional regime and a marine transgression were dominant during the Early Cambrian. During the Middle Cambrian, the Rokélides orogen was responsible for the sea regression to the south, while the proto-Atlantic opening was active to the north of the Reguibat shield. A large stable marine platform was present during Early and Middle Ordovician. A general regression and the formation of the West-African Inlandsis took place during the Late Ordovician. During Silurian time, this sea transgressed over most of the African platform. Incipient Hercynian deformations during the Early Devonian produced horsts and grabens in Morocco. At the end of the Devonian and the beginning of the Carboniferous, the sea was restricted to isolated basins and tectonic trenches. Collision between West Africa and North America during the Late Carboniferous transformed the Lower Paleozoic margin into an Hercynian orogenic belt, whose structure is controlled by the presence of crustal blocks, generated as early as the Cambrian, and probably reflecting, in turn, older Panafrican zones of weakness. [Translated by the Journal]

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16

Sidik, Ouattara Aboubakar, Coulibaly Yacouba, and Kouadio Fossou J-L. H. "Les Altérations Hydrothermales Associées À La Minéralisation Aurifère Du Gisement De Dougbafla (District d’Oumé-Hiré, Centre-Ouest De La Côte d’Ivoire)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 30 (October 31, 2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n30p108.

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The Dougbafla gold deposit is located in the West-Central part of Côte d’Ivoire at about 240 km from Abidjan, on the Birimian greenstone belt of Fettèkro (West African craton). The lithologies of this deposit can be divided into three lithotectonic units which correspond to volcanic, sedimentary, and plutonic assemblages metamorphosed in the shale facies. Hydrothermalism, on the one hand, caused a pervasive alteration of the primary paragenesis marked by sericitic, silica, and carbonate alteration. On the other hand, it causes a vein alteration materialized by quartz veins. These hydrothermal alterations induced two types of gold mineralization in the Dougbafla deposit. These are: (i) disseminated gold and sulphide mineralization in the granophyre associated with sericite, silica and dolomite alteration in which no quartz vein has been reported; this type however is controlled by the intrusion of granophyre and (ii) a quartz vein mineralization controlled by deformation.

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17

Ousmane, Habsatou, Karimou Dia Hantchi, Leyla Boubacar Hamidou, Ibrahim Abdou Ali, and Moussa Konaté. "Caractérisation de la déformation des dépôts oligocènes du Continental terminal 3 (Ct3) dans la région de Niamey (Bordure Orientale du Craton Ouest Africain, Bassin des Iullemmeden)." European Scientific Journal ESJ 16, no. 15 (May 31, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2020.v16n15p418.

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