To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme.
Journal articles on the topic 'Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Currell, B. R., and G. K. Randall. "The Thames Polytechnic Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme." Industry and Higher Education 3, no. 1 (March 1989): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042228900300112.
Full textAbstract:
The Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme recently launched by Thames Polytechnic offers a new service to employers and new educational opportunities to employees. This report describes the setting up of the scheme, its benefits, and how it has generated a partnership with J. Sainsbury plc and the Woolwich Building Society.
2
McManus, Mike. "Credit Accumulation and Transfer Schemes." Nursing Standard 6, no. 7 (November 6, 1991): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.6.7.28.s33.
Full text
3
Clarke, D. "Credit accumulation and transfer schemes." Biochemical Society Transactions 20, no. 2 (May 1, 1992): 322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0200322.
Full text
4
Currell, Brian. "Credit accumulation and transfer schemes — the European and company dimensions." Biochemical Society Transactions 20, no. 2 (May 1, 1992): 330–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0200330.
Full text
5
McLernon, Tim, and David Hughes. "Academic Accreditation of Work-Based Learning in the Construction Environment." Industry and Higher Education 18, no. 2 (April 2004): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000004323051886.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines the contribution of work-based learning (WBL) to the education of construction students. The research draws on the experiences of part-time students and students on sandwich courses in a School of the Built Environment. The sandwich courses include a year in industry as the penultimate year of a four-year programme. This WBL component constitutes a valuable link between higher education and industry and provides a mechanism for students to consolidate learning in their final year as well as preparing them to take on responsibility in industry immediately after graduation. The paper also examines the relationship between WBL and institutional learning with a view to determining what academic credit is awarded for and how it is awarded. The authors argue that WBL is an essential component of higher education, and that credit for WBL is desirable in a system that promotes credit accumulation and transfer. There is currently no rational method of awarding credit for work-based learning and this paper proposes that articulations in current frameworks for credit accumulation and transfer schemes for academic learning may provide a substantive and transparent means of attributing academic credit to WBL. They also recommend that such a framework should be developed specifically for work-based learning.
6
O'Hagan, Celia, Gerry McAleavy, and John Storan. "Recognising Prior Learning: Investigating the Future of Informal Learning, a Northern Ireland Study." Journal of Adult and Continuing Education 11, no. 1 (May 2005): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/jace.11.1.4.
Full textAbstract:
Credit accumulation and transfer schemes (CATS) have developed as a means to facilitate access and the recognition and development of formal learning experiences across educational sectors and providers. Modularisation and credit developments have significantly affected the provision of formal learning opportunities over the last three decades. Recognition of experiential learning and the needs of adult students continues to develop. Institutions continue to expound the need for robust provision for accreditation of prior learning in terms of a valued and academically transferable entitlement for experienced learners, but travelling the pathway toward accreditation is still an obscure and uncertain process for learners. New and engaging procedures for the advancement of experienced students have been developed, including access initiatives, strategies for more effective learner support, inclusive curriculum practices and enhanced learning resource capabilities. Why then do we find institutions remaining with limited Accreditation of Prior Experiential Learning (APEL) capabilities? This paper begins by examining the underlying concepts of a credit-based learning culture from the perspective of policy, whilst exploring the educational models linked to APEL and the debate behind the value of informal learning and the process of attaining recognition. The main finding of the Northern Ireland study, as part of a European study, suggests that existing mediums for APEL have, to date, inspired a sense of renewed thinking but that institutional strategies for increased participation have not always addressed adult educational needs appropriately. This paper, based on research at the University of Ulster and project partners, will investigate the obstacles that remain some twenty years after the access movement of the 1980s.
7
Healy, Philip. "An institutional view of credit accumulation and transfer." Biochemical Society Transactions 20, no. 2 (May 1, 1992): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0200326.
Full text
8
Dils, R. R. "Credit accumulation and transfer: a view from the chalkface." Biochemical Society Transactions 20, no. 2 (May 1, 1992): 324–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0200324.
Full text
9
Li, Huikang, Yaoting Sun, Min Yang, and Zhihui Wei. "The establishment of academic credit accumulation and transfer system: A case study of Shanghai Academic Credit Transfer and Accumulation Bank for Lifelong Education." Asian Association of Open Universities Journal 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaouj-08-01-2013-b006.
Full textAbstract:
Nowadays, the construction of lifelong education system has become the common trend of educational development in many countries. In China, credit accumulation and transfer as one of the effective measures to promote the lifelong education system was proposed in the National Medium and Long-term Educational Reform and Development Plan (2010 – 2020). It certainly poses a new opportunity and challenge to open universities in China, most of which are in transition from TV and radio universities and expected to play more important roles in the construction of lifelong education system in China. The paper presents the initial research and practice of Shanghai Academic Credit Transfer and Accumulation Bank for Lifelong Education (SHCB), which is led by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and operated by Shanghai Open University as one of the initiatives of open universities in China since 2010. Focusing on continuing education for Shanghai citizens and cooperating with other universities and related institutions, SHCB has been established with the organisational structure, accreditation criteria for credits, credit accumulation and transfer system, learners' learning portfolios, technology service platform, and the detailed operating mode. By now, accreditation criteria of learner's credits of 166 courses and 139 non-degree certificates, and recognition of 541 non-degree certificates and 1549 leisure courses have been completed. SHCB has been open to the public from 24 July, 2002 to promote the exchange and transfer among the academic education, even between academic education and non-academic education, and ultimately promote the construction of the lifelong education system in Shanghai.
10
Daghbouche, N. "The impact of the credit transfer accumulation system on Algeria." Journal of North African Studies 16, no. 3 (September 2011): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2010.529656.
Full text
11
Armanet, Pilar. "The European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System: the UDLA case in Chile." Higher Learning Research Communications 2, no. 3 (September 24, 2012): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18870/hlrc.v2i3.74.
Full textAbstract:
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal; mso-layout-grid-align: none;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: small;">Universidad de Las Américas - UDLA, is a Chilean University with 30.000 students located on 6 campuses. One third of students are working adults. A university like UDLA requires a flexible educational model to fulfill the learning requirements of different kinds of students and of the ever-changing conditions of the labor market that its graduates face. Following the ETCS, Credit System of Universidad de las Américas (SCUDLA) is a student-centered system based on transparency of outcomes and learning processes, which facilitates the planning of teaching, the evaluation of learning, and the recognition and validation of qualifications. SCUDLA is a tool that helps to design, describe and provide programs leading to an academic degree or a professional title. SCUDLA can be applied to all kinds of programs, regardless of the status of the students and the modality of learning.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>
12
Adamu, Abebaw Yirga. "Internationalisation of higher education in Africa: introducing credit accumulation and transfer system." International Journal of Public Policy 8, no. 4/5/6 (2012): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpp.2012.048713.
Full text
13
Leheza, Yu O., and Yu I. Tiuria. "LEGAL AND REGULATORY REGULATION OF TRANSFER (RECALCULATION) OF CREDITS OF THE EUROPEAN CREDIT TRANSFER AND ACCUMULATION SYSTEM." Law Bulletin, no. 18 (2021): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32850/lb2414-4207.2021.18.15.
Full text
14
Grosges, Thomas, and Dominique Barchiesi. "European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System: An Alternative Way to Calculate the ECTS Grades." Higher Education in Europe 32, no. 2-3 (July 2007): 213–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03797720701840807.
Full text
15
Winter, Richard. "The Problem of Education Levels (Part 1): Conceptualising a Framework for Credit Accumulation and Transfer." Journal of Further and Higher Education 17, no. 3 (September 1993): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0309877930170309.
Full text
16
Savic, Mirko. "p-charts in the quality control of the grading process in the high education." Panoeconomicus 53, no. 3 (2006): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan0603335s.
Full textAbstract:
European countries are making efforts to change their educational system These changes include implementation of the ECTS (European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System) and are based on the Bologna Declaration. Adoption of ECTS will necessitate new quality standards in higher education especially in grading procedures. With only small modifications, the control charts(such as p-charts) used in production and distribution applications can be applied to educational purposes.
17
Roca, Miquel, Yolanda González, Ramon Mas, Joan Rossello, Loren Carrasco, Francisco Forteza, Biel Cardona, Mercè Llabrés, and Carlos Guerrero. "Students Academic Progress Analysis at the Escola Politècnica Superior of the Universitat de les Illes Balears: Background implications." Multidisciplinary Journal for Education, Social and Technological Sciences 3, no. 2 (October 3, 2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/muse.2016.4693.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, the influence of the background of the University students is analyzed. In particular how the average mark of the students affects their academic progress. An anonymously collected data analysis is performed, Among these data are the number of European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) enrolled, the mark exams, average mark exams, access type, etc. Conclusions of each considered degree are presented at the end of the work.
18
Karubi, Nwanesi Peter. "Economic Participation Through the Micro Credit Scheme: Transforming Poor Women or A Case of ‘No Leave, No Transfer’." IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science 19, no. 7 (2014): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0837-19756271.
Full text
19
He, Qiang, Zheng Xiang, and Peng Ren. "A CLSTM and transfer learning based CFDAMA strategy in satellite communication networks." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): e0248271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248271.
Full textAbstract:
With the development of the economy and technology, people’s requirement for communication is also increasing. Satellite communication networks have been paid more and more attention because of their broadband service capability and wide coverage. In this paper, we investigate the scheme of convolutional long short term memory (CLSTM) network and transfer learning (TL) based combined free/demand assignment multiple access (CFDAMA) scheme (CFDAMA-CLSTMTL), which is a new multiple access scheme in the satellite communication networks. Generally, there is a delay time T between sending a request from the user to the satellite and receiving a reply from the satellite. So far, the traditional multiple access schemes have not processed the data generated in this period. So, in order to transmit the data in time, we propose a new prediction method CLSTMTL, which can be used to predict the data generated in this period. We introduce the prediction method into the CFDAMA scheme so that it can reduce data accumulation by the way of sending the slots request which is the sum of slots requested by the user and the predicted slots generated in the delay time. A comparison with CFDAMA-PA and CFDAMA-PB is provided through simulation results, which gives the effect of the CFDAMA-CLSTMTL in a satellite communication network.
20
Nosair, Emad, and Hossam Hamdy. "Total Student Workload: Implications of the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System for an Integrated, Problem-Based Medical Curriculum." Health Professions Education 3, no. 2 (December 2017): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpe.2017.01.002.
Full text
21
Worsham, Rachel E., Melissa Whatley, and Jonathan E. Loss. "Opportunity for all? The differential impacts of North Carolina’s revised comprehensive articulation agreement by race/ethnicity." education policy analysis archives 29 (March 8, 2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.29.5385.
Full textAbstract:
Transfer articulation agreements are employed by institutions of higher education and state legislatures alike to improve transfer efficiency between two-year and four-year institutions. These agreements often aim both to increase transfer rates and baccalaureate degree completion and to decrease time to degree. Studies exploring the efficacy of articulation agreements find that, despite being successful at decreasing the number of excess credits students earned at graduation and at increasing baccalaureate degree completion, these policies often increase time to degree. While there is considerable research on articulation agreements, few studies have examined the differential impact of these policies on students of Color who, prior literature has shown, experience barriers to realizing their baccalaureate degree aspirations. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the impact of North Carolina’s statewide articulation agreement varied by a student’s racial/ethnic identity when examining two-year post-transfer baccalaureate degree completion, time-to-degree completion, and excess credit accumulation.
22
Widyatmoko, Bondan, and Rosita Dewi. "Dynamics of Transmigration Policy as Supporting Policy of Palm Oil Plantation Development in Indonesia." Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities 9, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jissh.v9i1.139.
Full textAbstract:
Transmigration is the program that cannot be separated with success story of palm oil development in Indonesia. Transmigrants became the engine to build the palm oil smallholder. The involvement of transmigrant in the PIR-Trans program, primary credit for member Scheme (KKPA), and revitalisation scheme has been accelerating the palm oil plantation development in Indonesia. However, the success of developing palm oil plantation in Indonesia through scheme mentioned above was not without flaws. Unclear of land status or overlapping claim became the biggest problems faced nowadays. This paper aims to observe the development transmigration program and palm oil development in Indonesia. By analysing policies of both transmigration programs and palm oil development from different political administration, this paper shows that, first, transmigration policy went from narrative of security, economic growth to border development and security. Second, under those different policy narratives, transmigration policy has been accommodated to the development of palm oil in Indonesia. Transfer of central authority to local government in executing transmigration movement and settlement has been addition to local government operational permission authority for palm oil development.
23
Coll, et. al., César. "La evaluación continuada como instrumento para el ajuste de la ayuda pedagógica y la enseñanza de competencias de autorregulación." Cuaderno de Pedagogia Universitaria 8, no. 15 (July 18, 2014): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29197/cpu.v8i15.142.
Full textAbstract:
En este trabajo se presenta y discute un sistema de evaluación que permite al profesor obtener múltiples evidencias de las habilidades y conocimientos de los alumnos y optimizar la tutorización, el seguimiento y el apoyo al aprendizaje. La experiencia de innovación ha tenido lugar durante el curso 2005-06 en tres grupos experimentales de la asignatura de Psicología de la Educación, una asignatura troncal de la Licenciatura de Psicología diseñada en coherencia con European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) en la Universidad de Barcelona. La presentación del sistema de evaluación se utiliza como punto de partida para una reflexión más amplia sobre algunos criterios que deberían contemplarse, a juicio de los autores, en el diseño de sistemas de evaluación vinculados a la construcción del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior.AbstractThis article presents and discusses an evaluation system that enables the teacher to obtain data of the students’ abilities and knowledge from multiple sources, in order to optimize the tutoring, the follow-up and the learning support. This innovative experience took place during the academic year 2005-2006. Three groups from the Educational Psychology course took part in the study. Educational Psychology is a key subject in the curriculum for the Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology, designed at the University of Barcelona in compliance with the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS). The presentation of this evaluation system intends to be the starting point toward a deeper reflection regarding the criterion that, according to the authors, should be taken into account when designing evaluation systems in connection with the creation of the European Space of Higher Education.
24
Vafai, K., and S. Whitaker. "Simultaneous Heat and Mass Transfer Accompanied by Phase Change in Porous Insulation." Journal of Heat Transfer 108, no. 1 (February 1, 1986): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3246877.
Full textAbstract:
This paper analyzes the accumulation and migration of moisture in an insulation material. The problem is modeled as a two-dimensional, transient, multiphase flow in a porous slab. The local volume-averaging technique is used to arrive at a rigorous and fundamental formulation of the heat and mass transfer process in an insulation system. The controlling parameters and assumptions are presented in detail. The equations are solved by devising a two-phase numerical scheme to obtain the condensation regions and the factors which affect the temperature distribution. The phase change process and its effects on the temperature, vapor density, moisture content, liquid content, and the vapor pressure distributions are discussed in detail. The significant transport mechanisms are identified and a simplified formulation of heat and mass transfer, accompanied by phase change, in an insulation system is presented.
25
TUSSET, GIANFRANCO. "THE ORGANIZATIONAL PROPERTIES OF MONEY: GUSTAVO DEL VECCHIO’S THEORY." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 34, no. 2 (June 2012): 243–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837212000181.
Full textAbstract:
The integration of money into the Walrasian general equilibrium scheme is an age-old and intricate issue. One of the first attempts was made by Gustavo Del Vecchio, who, in the early twentieth century, built a theory of circulation that considered money as a medium of exchange, and investigated its organizational and social aspects in depth. Del Vecchio developed a theory of monetary service grounded on the distinction between individual and social utility of money. Moreover, he stated that money, credit, accumulation, and crisis could no longer be theorized with time omitted, and this induced him to formulate dynamic statements that put forward claims about money as a store of value. The organizational and social dimensions of money, time, and uncertainty were all important and interconnected aspects in Del Vecchio’s scientific inquiry, for they all sprang from his conceptualization of money as a medium of exchange.
26
Rodríguez-Quiles, José A. "Music Teacher Training: A precarious area within the Spanish university." British Journal of Music Education 34, no. 1 (October 25, 2016): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026505171600036x.
Full textAbstract:
In the last few years expressions like European convergence, European Higher Education Area, European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System and others have become more and more usual not only in academic circles but also even in the mass media. But to what extent are these expressions valid for all knowledge areas in all EU countries? After analysing the curricula for Music Teaching Training in Spain (through the lens of J. Butler and J. Derrida) I will show the situation of precarity of this knowledge area under a postmodern perspective and how the expressions above have become non-neutral expressions sous rature that manage to preserve the rights of the already consolidated knowledge areas to the detriment of the non-consolidated ones.
27
Balluerka, Nekane, Marta Rodríguez, Arantxa Gorostiaga, and Ana Isabel Vergara. "Development of a Questionnaire to Evaluate Pilot Schemes Adapting Undergraduate Courses to the Requirements of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA)." European Psychologist 13, no. 3 (January 2008): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.13.3.222.
Full textAbstract:
Convergence towards the European Higher Education Area involves a profound change within the university sector. The emphasis in the teaching-learning process shifts away from the teacher and onto the student. In order to deal with the major changes in the reform, the Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, like other faculties throughout Europe, introduced a pilot scheme involving the adaptation of several undergraduate courses to the ECTS (the European Credit Transfer System). Based on data collected from a sample of 218 students – 143 belonging to the experimental group which received teaching based on ECTS credits and 75 belonging to the control group taught in accordance with the current system – the aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire that assesses whether, from the students viewpoint, the courses adapted in this pilot scheme met the pedagogical requirements proposed by the new system. The results show that the instrument has a four-dimensional structure with adequate internal consistency and good validity indices.
28
Bairwa, Shoji Lal, Saket Kushwaha, Chandra Sen, and Rakesh Singh. "Analysis of socio economic profile of trained agri graduates under agriclinics and agribusiness centres (ACABC‟s) scheme in Rajasthan." International Journal of Agricultural Invention 2, no. 01 (June 30, 2017): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.46492/ijai/2017.2.1.22.
Full textAbstract:
Agriclinics and agribusiness centres (ACABC‟s) scheme is a subsidy based credit linked scheme launched by government of India on 9th April, 2002 for the strengthen technology transfer, public extension system and employment generation in rural areas. The present study was conducted in Rajasthan state during 2011 to 2015 and based on the primary data collected through field survey by pre tested questionnaires from 150 sample agrigraduates. The objective of study was to analyse the profile of agrigraduates on the basis of socio economic characteristics. The socio-economic profile were covered under broad categories such as socioeconomic profile of the trained agripreneurs, status of agriventure taken, status of loans obtained and approached, reasons for refusal of loan application, reasons for willingness and not willingness to take up agriventures under the scheme. The appropriate statistical techniques such as frequencies, scores and percentages were used to analyse the socio economic profile of agrigraduates under agriclinics and agribusiness centres scheme. The study results and previous literature are indicated that the most important factors influencing establishment of agribusiness units are attitude towards self-employment, better livelihood opportunities, entrepreneurial ability, motivation from successful entrepreneurs and self-confidence. Gender-related variations were also significant with regard to attitude towards self-employment, decision-making ability and information seeking behaviour. Thus, there is need to change in the attitude of agrigraduates towards self-employment, develop entrepreneurial ability and enhance self-confidence of the trainees through the training programmes.
29
Bhagat, Ali, and Leanne Roderick. "Banking on refugees: Racialized expropriation in the fintech era." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 52, no. 8 (February 4, 2020): 1498–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x20904070.
Full textAbstract:
Fintech and digital financial services involve the delivery of financial products and services through technology. Fintech companies are part of a financial lending infrastructure claiming to offer an alternative to ‘big banks’, and are often touted as digitally disruptive technology that is rapidly reshaping financial inclusion agendas and improving the lives of the poor. For many refugees living in camps and informal settlements in Kenya, fintech is often the only viable option for credit or microfinance aid. While refugees are often excluded from credit, the spread of fintech as a solution for direct peer-to-peer aid transfers from the Global North to refugees has resulted in the uneven distribution of credit access and livelihood support. Through fintech, private citizens and groups in the Global North are able to disrupt and subvert refugee assistance, deeming some worthy of aid while others face ongoing exclusion. While fintech remains a hopeful source of greater efficiency and empowerment, the direct transfer of aid money masks profit and corporate power by only extending assistance to those refugees who are appropriately entrepreneurial, that is to say those who will start small businesses and pay back their loans. This paper argues that processes of financial inclusion carried out by and through fintech are still distinguished largely by exclusion. In so doing, this paper highlights a theoretical position that refugee governance is embedded in racial forms of capital accumulation and expropriation.
30
Zhang, Yaobin, Jia Zheng, Aihua Liu, Qiulan Zhang, Jingli Shao, and Yali Cui. "Numerical Simulation of Shallow Geothermal Field in Operating of a Ground Source Heat Pump System—A Case Study in Nan Cha Village, Ping Gu District, Beijing." Water 12, no. 10 (October 21, 2020): 2938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102938.
Full textAbstract:
The inefficient use of single energy and cold accumulation in the shallow geothermal field seriously affect the efficient operation of the ground source heat pump system (GSHPS). The operation of solar-assisted GSHPS can effectively solve the above problems. In this paper, a shallow geothermal utilization project in Nan cha Village, Ping Gu District of Beijing, is chosen as the study area. A three-dimensional numerical model of groundwater flow and heat transfer considering ambient temperature and backfill materials is established, and the level of model integration and validation are novel features of this paper. The thermal response test data in summer and winter conditions are used to validate the model. The results show that increasing hydraulic gradient has a positive impact on the heat exchange. The mixture of sand and barite powder is recognized as a more efficient and economical backfill material. The changes of thermal influence radius, heat balance, and shallow geothermal field are simulated and analyzed by three schemes. It is demonstrated that the thermal influence radius is 5 m, 3.9 m and 3.9 m for Scheme 1, Scheme 2 and Scheme 3, respectively. The ground temperature is always lower than the initial formation temperature in Scheme 1 and Scheme 2; however, under Scheme 3 it is higher than the initial values. The closer the hole wall is, the larger the difference between the initial formation temperature and the ground temperature, and vice versa. The thermal equilibrium of Scheme 1, Scheme 2 and Scheme 3 is −728 × 106 KJ, −269 × 106 KJ and +514 × 106 KJ. Through comprehensive analysis of the above three factors, Scheme 3 is regarded as the most reasonable scheme for a solar system to assist GSHPS.
31
Sari, Murat. "Solution of the Porous Media Equation by a Compact Finite Difference Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2009 (2009): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/912541.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate solutions of the porous media equation that usually occurs in nonlinear problems of heat and mass transfer and in biological systems are obtained using a compact finite difference method in space and a low-storage total variation diminishing third-order Runge-Kutta scheme in time. In the calculation of the numerical derivatives, only a tridiagonal band matrix algorithm is encountered. Therefore, this scheme causes to less accumulation of numerical errors and less use of storage space. The computed results obtained by this way have been compared with the exact solutions to show the accuracy of the method. The approximate solutions to the equation have been computed without transforming the equation and without using linearization. Comparisons indicate that there is a very good agreement between the numerical solutions and the exact solutions in terms of accuracy. This method is seen to be a very good alternative method to some existing techniques for such realistic problems.
32
Kudela, Libor, Radomir Chylek, and Jiri Pospisil. "Performant and Simple Numerical Modeling of District Heating Pipes with Heat Accumulation." Energies 12, no. 4 (February 16, 2019): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040633.
Full textAbstract:
This paper compares approaches for accurate numerical modeling of transients in the pipe element of district heating systems. The distribution grid itself affects the heat flow dynamics of a district heating network, which subsequently governs the heat delays and entire efficiency of the distribution. For an efficient control of the network, a control system must be able to predict how “temperature waves” move through the network. This prediction must be sufficiently accurate for real-time computations of operational parameters. Future control systems may also benefit from the accumulation capabilities of pipes. In this article, the key physical phenomena affecting the transients in pipes were identified, and an efficient numerical model of aboveground district heating pipe with heat accumulation was developed. The model used analytical methods for the evaluation of source terms. Physics of heat transfer in the pipe shells was captured by one-dimensional finite element method that is based on the steady-state solution. Simple advection scheme was used for discretization of the fluid region. Method of lines and time integration was used for marching. The complexity of simulated physical phenomena was highly flexible and allowed to trade accuracy for computational time. In comparison with the very finely discretized model, highly comparable transients were obtained even for the thick accumulation wall.
33
Armstrong, Angus. "Belief in a Just World and Children's Cognitive Scores." National Institute Economic Review 222 (October 2012): R7—R19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795011222200102.
Full textAbstract:
Parental beliefs are recognised by psychologists as an important causal influence on child development. A two-period model of human capital accumulation in the framework of Becker and Tomes (1986) is presented. In the first period parents transfer their beliefs, distinct from genes, to children by signalling their ‘belief in a just world’ or their perceived return to effort. Children respond by choosing effort, irrespective of the real world returns, which combines with their genes to create early ability. This determines the rate of return to second-period investment and final attainment. If parents are credit constrained, both beliefs and income determine attainment. Empirical analysis using the second generation of the NCDS shows that beliefs are a strong predictor of early attainment and significantly reduce the importance of parental income. The identifying assumption is that parent beliefs are slow-moving and not conditioned on the child.
34
Du, Dong, Guo Qiang Wen, Jun Ying Zhao, and Mei Jing Ge. "Organize Method on Platform of Machine Automation Control System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 1011–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.1011.
Full textAbstract:
In the process of mechanical automation, due to the development of drive equipment in diversification, miniaturization, digitalization, intellectualization and the development of sensor in miniaturization, digitalization, visualization, on the one hand, automation mechanical structure become simple, on the other hand, with the increase of the dependence on control equipment for automation machinery, an automated machinery needs many kinds of control mode and means to complete the production. With the improvement of mechanical motion complexity, there will appear accumulation phenomenon of control equipment, in addition, in order to complete the data transfer between all kinds of control equipments, each control equipment need to build all kinds of communication protocol and special cables to connect. In order to solve the "accumulation" phenomenon, control equipment manufacturers competing to launch the new scheme. In this paper, a control project based on the control products of Mitsubishi electric company was proposed, which illustrates the change of the control way of mechanical automation. Once you master the control platform of these companies, will be able to build or integrate corresponding control system.
35
Zimnoch, Krystyna. "Capital Accumulation in a Region. Cooperatives Versus Foreign Direct Investments." Ekonomia i Zarzadzanie 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/emj-2016-0020.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The main aim of this article is to demonstrate the ability of cooperatives to create internal resources of a region through foreign direct investments and the creation of financial, physical, human, and social capital. It concerns the comparing and emphasizing of the stability of resources created in a region by these forms of action. In order to demonstrate the stability of internal resources of a region, generated through foreign direct investment, a research was conducted involving the analysis of the rankings of the largest foreign investors in Poland, statistical data from the Central Statistical Office and the NBP, showing the inflow and outflow of FDIs, the number of companies with foreign capital participation, and the number of people working in them. In addition, a case study was used for the regions where the investments have been withdrawn, showing the importance of cooperatives for the stabilization of the potential of the regions. The study shows that the transfer of FDIs is always guided by the maximization of profit, tax optimization of a location, and the native currency exchange rate fluctuations. The following consequences of withdrawal have no significance to foreign investors but affect the regions: the increase in the unemployment rate, the reduction in the income of local residents, the increase in debt, the acquisition of real estate purchased on credit. The case study shows that cooperative enterprises can replace foreign capital in the region, ensuring the stability and durability of its internal resources. The concepts and strategies for regional development should focus on cooperatives as a way to create the internal resources of a region, which are seen as the current development source. Co-operatives can prevent the leaching of resources and backwash effects. The economic policy must ensure the equal treatment of all of the entities investing in the region. Currently, Poland gives the priority to foreign investors over the domestic ones. Cooperative enterprises are particularly discriminated against through double taxation. It is worthwhile to examine the scale of the cooperative movement in the economy of the EU and the US and the policy instruments applied to this form of business in those areas.
36
Štemberger, Tina. "Educational Research Within the Curricula of Initial Teacher Education: The Case of Slovenia." Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal 10, no. 3 (September 29, 2020): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.871.
Full textAbstract:
Professional learning is a continuum starting in initial teacher education and persisting throughout the teacher’s career. Initial teacher education programmes should therefore prepare prospective teachers for professional learning via research. There is, however, little knowledge about how initial teacher education programmes educate students about this important subject. The aim of this study was to identify how initial teacher education programmes in Slovenia address the question of empowering prospective teachers with research competence. We analysed all of the initial teacher education programme curricula and established that: (i) overall, more than half of the initial teacher education programmes do not include acquiring research competence as an aim of their study programmes; (ii) the majority of bachelor initial teacher education programmes include courses aimed at gaining research competence, but half of the master’s initial teacher programmes do not provide any courses related to research; and (iii) there is a variety of European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System weightings for educational research courses across initial teacher education programmes in Slovenia.
37
Otero-Saborido, Fernando M., Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver, Moisés Grimaldi-Puyana, and José Álvarez-García. "Flipped learning and formative evaluation in higher education." Education + Training 60, no. 5 (June 11, 2018): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-12-2017-0208.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design and validate a continuous self-assessment tool that involves university students in reflection processes on their Flipped Learning model learning. Design/methodology/approach For this, 66 students (18.77±1.36) of the first year of the Degree in Physical Activity and Sports Sciences participated for nine weeks in the weekly completion of a self-assessment tool. The questionnaire followed a content validation by a group of experts and, subsequently, reliability was found from the internal consistency perspective through Cronbach’s α. Findings The results obtained show a reliable tool that facilitates the work by competencies in university education under the Flipped Learning model. Originality/value This work is the first step that responds to the almost non-existent practices of democratic evaluation in Higher Education. The design and validation of questionnaires that consider the measures adopted by the European Higher Education Area and that takes into account European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System is scarce.
38
Taiwo, J. N., M. E. Agwu, A. I. Aregan, and O. A. Ikpefan. "Microfinance and Poverty Alleviation in Southwest Nigeria: Empirical Evidence." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 3, no. 4 (October 31, 2016): 256–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v3i4.15960.
Full textAbstract:
In order to alleviate poverty and improve the living standard of the people of South-West Nigeria, it is imperative that micro/small financial services such as credit, insurance, money transfer, etc. are provided in order to engage them actively in productive activities. Globally, there are several failed policies by governments, particularly in Nigeria over the years aimed at poverty alleviation. This study examines microfinance scheme towards the dispersion of credit amongst the working poor; draws from the data collected from field survey and these were reported using tables, frequency counts and cross-tabulations to draw inferences and a loan demand model was specified and estimated using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) econometric technique.The study used cross-sectional data collected from selected respondents in selected areas of both the Lagos and Ogun States of Nigeria respectively. The study found that majority of the Microfinance banks in Nigeria are model after the Grameen Bank which is aimed at the poor and people with basic, little or no education and that loan demand is interest rate insensitive. Therefore, MFIs should design appropriate products that are flexible enough to meet the different needs of the poor for both production and consumption purposes. Besides, governments (local, state and Federal) should urgently tackle the infrastructural gaps such as electricity, water and efficient transportation system which impact greatly on the standard of living of the people.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-4: 256-266
39
Lin, Boliang, Xingkui Li, Zexi Zhang, and Yinan Zhao. "Optimizing Transport Scheme of High Value-Added Shipments in Regions without Express Train Services." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (November 2, 2019): 6108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11216108.
Full textAbstract:
In railway transportation, high value-added shipments in regions with large traffic volumes are generally delivered by express train services, since these freights need to be delivered in a short time. However, there are also high value-added shipments in areas where express train services are not available. If these freights are delivered by the traditional approaches (i.e., the freight cars are delivered to the adjacent classification yard by local trains, combined with other freight cars to form a train, and finally sent to the destination according to the transportation plan) with multiple reclassifications (a reclassification is when wagons are separated from their original train and then join another train in a classification yard), it will lead to delivery delays and economic losses to shippers and contribute to severe carbon emissions. In this context, this paper proposes an innovative method to deliver high value-added shipments in regions without express train services, which is called the method of reserving axle loads. The differences in assembling and transfer costs achieved by the method of reserving axle loads and traditional method are analyzed, especially the car-hours saved for the accumulation process of freight cars in a classification yard. Then, a corresponding mathematical model is established, which involves four scenarios: reserving axle loads for departing; reserving axle loads for arriving; reserving axle loads for both departing and arriving; and not reserving axle loads. Finally, the practicability and feasibility of the model was verified by two numerical experiments.
40
Ku, Cheng-Yu, Li-Dan Hong, Chih-Yu Liu, Jing-En Xiao, and Wei-Po Huang. "Modeling Transient Flows in Heterogeneous Layered Porous Media Using the Space–Time Trefftz Method." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 11, 2021): 3421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083421.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, we developed a novel boundary-type meshless approach for dealing with two-dimensional transient flows in heterogeneous layered porous media. The novelty of the proposed method is that we derived the Trefftz space–time basis function for the two-dimensional diffusion equation in layered porous media in the space–time domain. The continuity conditions at the interface of the subdomains were satisfied in terms of the domain decomposition method. Numerical solutions were approximated based on the superposition principle utilizing the space–time basis functions of the governing equation. Using the space–time collocation scheme, the numerical solutions of the problem were solved with boundary and initial data assigned on the space–time boundaries, which combined spatial and temporal discretizations in the space–time manifold. Accordingly, the transient flows through the heterogeneous layered porous media in the space–time domain could be solved without using a time-marching scheme. Numerical examples and a convergence analysis were carried out to validate the accuracy and the stability of the method. The results illustrate that an excellent agreement with the analytical solution was obtained. Additionally, the proposed method was relatively simple because we only needed to deal with the boundary data, even for the problems in the heterogeneous layered porous media. Finally, when compared with the conventional time-marching scheme, highly accurate solutions were obtained and the error accumulation from the time-marching scheme was avoided.
41
Gao, Liming, Lele Zhang, Yongping Shen, Yaonan Zhang, Minghao Ai, and Wei Zhang. "Modeling Snow Depth and Snow Water Equivalent Distribution and Variation Characteristics in the Irtysh River Basin, China." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 9, 2021): 8365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188365.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate simulation of snow cover process is of great significance to the study of climate change and the water cycle. In our study, the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset (CMFD) and ERA-Interim were used as driving data to simulate the dynamic changes in snow depth and snow water equivalent (SWE) in the Irtysh River Basin from 2000 to 2018 using the Noah-MP land surface model, and the simulation results were compared with the gridded dataset of snow depth at Chinese meteorological stations (GDSD), the long-term series of daily snow depth dataset in China (LSD), and China’s daily snow depth and snow water equivalent products (CSS). Before the simulation, we compared the combinations of four parameterizations schemes of Noah-MP model at the Kuwei site. The results show that the rainfall and snowfall (SNF) scheme mainly affects the snow accumulation process, while the surface layer drag coefficient (SFC), snow/soil temperature time (STC), and snow surface albedo (ALB) schemes mainly affect the melting process. The effect of STC on the simulation results was much higher than the other three schemes; when STC uses a fully implicit scheme, the error of simulated snow depth and snow water equivalent is much greater than that of a semi-implicit scheme. At the basin scale, the accuracy of snow depth modeled by using CMFD and ERA-Interim is higher than LSD and CSS snow depth based on microwave remote sensing. In years with high snow cover, LSD and CSS snow depth data are seriously underestimated. According to the results of model simulation, it is concluded that the snow depth and snow water equivalent in the north of the basin are higher than those in the south. The average snow depth, snow water equivalent, snow days, and the start time of snow accumulation (STSA) in the basin did not change significantly during the study period, but the end time of snow melting was significantly advanced.
42
Chua, Bih-Lii, and Dong-Gyu Ahn. "Estimation Method of Interpass Time for the Control of Temperature during a Directed Energy Deposition Process of a Ti–6Al–4V Planar Layer." Materials 13, no. 21 (November 3, 2020): 4935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13214935.
Full textAbstract:
Directed energy deposition (DED) provides a promising additive manufacturing method to fabricate and repair large metallic parts. However, it may suffer from excessive heat accumulation due to a high build rate, particularly during a wire feeding-type DED process. The implementation of interpass time in between two depositions of beads plays an important process role to passively control the interpass temperature. In this study, a method to estimate the proper interpass time using regression analysis from heat transfer finite element analysis is proposed for maintaining the interpass temperature during a wire feeding-type DED deposition of a planar layer. The overlapping beads of a planar layer are estimated using a polygonal-shaped bead profile in the finite element model. From the estimated proper interpass time, a selected proper interpass time scheme (PITS) is suggested for practical implementation. The selected PITS is applied in a thermo-mechanical finite element model to evaluate the temperature distribution and its effects on the depth of the melt pool, the depth of the heat-affected zone (HAZ), displacement, and residual stresses. By comparing the predicted results with those using a constant interpass time scheme (CITS), the selected PITS shows better control in reducing the depths of the melt pool and HAZ without severely inducing large displacement and residual stresses.
43
Tribbeck, Melody J., Robert J. Gurney, Elizabeth M. Morris, and David W. C. Pearson. "A new Snow-SVAT to simulate the accumulation and ablation of seasonal snow cover beneath a forest canopy." Journal of Glaciology 50, no. 169 (2004): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756504781830187.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractA new snow—soil—vegetation—atmosphere transfer (Snow-SVAT) scheme, which simulates the accumulation and ablation of the snow cover beneath a forest canopy, is presented. The model was formulated by coupling a canopy optical and thermal radiation model to a physically based multi-layer snow model. This canopy radiation model is physically based yet requires few parameters, so can be used when extensive in situ field measurements are not available. Other forest effects such as the reduction of wind speed, interception of snow on the canopy and the deposition of litter were incorporated within this combined model, SNOWCAN, which was tested with data taken as part of the Boreal Ecosystem—Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) international collaborative experiment. Snow depths beneath four different canopy types and at an open site were simulated. Agreement between observed and simulated snow depths was generally good, with correlation coefficients ranging between r2 = 0.94 and r2 = 0.98 for all sites where automatic measurements were available. However, the simulated date of total snowpack ablation generally occurred later than the observed date. A comparison between simulated solar radiation and limited measurements of sub-canopy radiation at one site indicates that the model simulates the sub-canopy downwelling solar radiation early in the season to within measurement uncertainty.
44
Frankl, Matthias, Mathieu Hursin, Dimitri Rochman, Alexander Vasiliev, and Hakim Ferroukhi. "Nuclear Data Uncertainty Quantification in Criticality Safety Evaluations for Spent Nuclear Fuel Geological Disposal." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (July 15, 2021): 6499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146499.
Full textAbstract:
Presently, a criticality safety evaluation methodology for the final geological disposal of Swiss spent nuclear fuel is under development at the Paul Scherrer Institute in collaboration with the Swiss National Technical Competence Centre in the field of deep geological disposal of radioactive waste. This method in essence pursues a best estimate plus uncertainty approach and includes burnup credit. Burnup credit is applied by means of a computational scheme called BUCSS-R (Burnup Credit System for the Swiss Reactors–Repository case) which is complemented by the quantification of uncertainties from various sources. BUCSS-R consists in depletion, decay and criticality calculations with CASMO5, SERPENT2 and MCNP6, respectively, determining the keff eigenvalues of the disposal canister loaded with the Swiss spent nuclear fuel assemblies. However, the depletion calculation in the first and the criticality calculation in the third step, in particular, are subject to uncertainties in the nuclear data input. In previous studies, the effects of these nuclear data-related uncertainties on obtained keff values, stemming from each of the two steps, have been quantified independently. Both contributions to the overall uncertainty in the calculated keff values have, therefore, been considered as fully correlated leading to an overly conservative estimation of total uncertainties. This study presents a consistent approach eliminating the need to assume and take into account unrealistically strong correlations in the keff results. The nuclear data uncertainty quantification for both depletion and criticality calculation is now performed at once using one and the same set of perturbation factors for uncertainty propagation through the corresponding calculation steps of the evaluation method. The present results reveal the overestimation of nuclear data-related uncertainties by the previous approach, in particular for spent nuclear fuel with a high burn-up, and underline the importance of consistent nuclear data uncertainty quantification methods. However, only canister loadings with UO2 fuel assemblies are considered, not offering insights into potentially different trends in nuclear data-related uncertainties for mixed oxide fuel assemblies.
45
Geetha, G. S., Joyce Rani Dasari, and Amit Saha. "Impact of Cluster Promotion Programme on Socio-Economic Aspects on Women Sericulture farmers in Karnataka, India." Current Agriculture Research Journal 8, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.8.1.10.
Full textAbstract:
This study was based on the primary household data collected to determine the impact of Cluster Promotion Programme (CPP) introduced to augment the production of bivoltine silk in India by Central Silk Board in coordination with state sericulture departments. Many technological interventions were made at individual and at community levels to increase the knowledge and adoption of new sericulture technologies. Studies in ten clusters attempted to address the impact of scheme on knowledge and adoption of new technologies and also on socio economic status of women sericulture farmers in Karnataka. Paired t-test was used to find out the impact of CPP on the beneficiaries before and after adopting the technological intervention. The findings this study indicated that the implementation of CPP has led to increased mulberry leaf production, dfls consumption, cocoon yield, cocoon price and income. Similarly, they found to have greater access to extension personnel (50.64%), extension communication activities (53.95%) and training (40%). Access to community intervention increased from 20 to 33%, credit increased to tune of 48.53% and self help group by 78.57%. Thus, implementation of CPP had increased knowledge and adoption of new technologies as well as socio economic status of women farmers. It may also be stated that the scheme was brought in a paradigm shift in the silkworm rearing in rural Karnataka. The sustained Bivoltine Silk Production depends to a large extent on transfer of new technologies at individual and community levels in a project mode with extensive planning and execution with greater involvement of the farmers in general and women farmers in particular in all stages.
46
López-Entrambasaguas, Olga María, María José Calero-García, Ana María Díaz-Meco-Niño, and José Manuel Martínez-Linares. "Quality Assurance in Nursing Education: A Qualitative Study Involving Students and Newly Graduated Nurses." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (December 29, 2019): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010240.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Assuring quality training for future nursing professionals is essential to preserving population health and socio-economic development. Quality assurance in the European Higher Education Area places students in a leading role to transform and improve higher education programs. Therefore, an innovative way of reviewing strengths and weaknesses of the nursing education program of a Spanish university has been developed. Objectives: The aim of this paper was to explore the perceptions and opinions of nursing students and newly-qualified nurses regarding the contents of the nursing curriculum in order to improve its quality. Methods: Descriptive and exploratory qualitative research was carried out involving 12 newly-qualified nurses and 12 student nurses. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were performed. Results: Based on the thematic analysis, two themes emerged: improving clinical practices and reviewing the theoretical curriculum. Conclusions: Among the improvements suggested by the participants, the most relevant ones were establishing a clear structure of learning contents in the practicum, and redistributing the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System ECTS credits in various courses of the study program. However, additional evidence is needed prior to proceeding with any changes.
47
Bobrytska, Valentyna, and Yevhen Sulima. "ACADEMIC MOBILITY PROVISION: ACHIEVEMENTS AND NEW CHALLENGES FOR THE EUROPEAN HIGHER EDUCATION SPACE." Educational Discourse: collection of scientific papers, no. 17(10) (November 25, 2019): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33930/ed.2019.5007.17(10)-1.
Full textAbstract:
An analysis of the Bologna Process documents and the legal framework to ensure academic mobility to academic staff and students in Ukraine shows that understanding of the need for further implementation of the below listed: the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) has been achieved at the level of European and national higher education systems; national qualifications frameworks to be compatible with the EHEA Qualifications Framework (2005); the transcript of academic record as well as European and national higher education quality assurance systems. Significant achievements now include: expanding the international academic and student community; appearance of new perspectives of human resources development; improving career chances of graduates; adaptation of educational programs that are not offered by national higher education institutions; harmonization of national and international education quality assurance processes; practical success in creating an open, attractive and competitive EHEA. According to the Paris Communiqué (2018), the priorities in 2018-2020 for evaluating the quality of cooperation in the EHEA, in particular for ensuring academic mobility, are to implement: 1) a three-tier system compatible with the EHEA qualifications framework and the first and second ECTS cycles; 2) adherence to the Lisbon Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications; 3) ensuring the quality of education in accordance with the standards and guidelines of the EHEA.
48
Tribbeck, M. J., R. J. Gurney, and E. M. Morris. "The Radiative Effect of a Fir Canopy on a Snowpack." Journal of Hydrometeorology 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2006): 880–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm528.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Models of snow processes in areas of possible large-scale change need to be site independent and physically based. Here, the accumulation and ablation of the seasonal snow cover beneath a fir canopy has been simulated with a new physically based snow–soil vegetation–atmosphere transfer scheme (Snow-SVAT) called SNOWCAN. The model was formulated by coupling a canopy optical and thermal radiation model to a physically based multilayer snow model. Simple representations of other forest effects were included. These include the reduction of wind speed and hence turbulent transfer beneath the canopy, sublimation of intercepted snow, and deposition of debris on the surface. This paper tests this new modeling approach fully at a fir site within Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed, Idaho. Model parameters were determined at an open site and subsequently applied to the fir site. SNOWCAN was evaluated using measurements of snow depth, subcanopy solar and thermal radiation, and snowpack profiles of temperature, density, and grain size. Simulations showed good agreement with observations (e.g., fir site snow depth was estimated over the season with r 2 = 0.96), generally to within measurement error. However, the simulated temperature profiles were less accurate after a melt–freeze event, when the temperature discrepancy resulted from underestimation of the rate of liquid water flow and/or the rate of refreeze. This indicates both that the general modeling approach is applicable and that a still more complete representation of liquid water in the snowpack will be important.
49
Герасимов, I. Gerasimov, Яшин, and A. Yashin. "Ion-molecular memory model. Potential sources, detectors, transmitters and mass storage media." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 8, no. 1 (November 5, 2014): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7352.
Full textAbstract:
This paper deals with the important issues of the developed model of memory, namely: basic elements of functional scheme of ion-molecular model: potential sources, transmitters, detectors, mass storage media by means of radio-physical analogy. It was established that neurons are structural elements of memory. The question of the role of cash and new proteins in the organization of memory was considered. Without a doubt, that in the process of transfer and accumulation of information is the activation of protein synthesis. Definitions of the source, detector, transmitter and drive information in their biological, biophysical interpretations were given. It is about a multi-element information system. It is clear that from the position of the conceptual model of memory, as originally postulated, opens a wide field for discussion. The below is an element of the hierarchical tree of memory, the more difficult it becomes positively identify him. But any new theory invariably goes through this stage. Detailed scheme of subordination elements of the system of receiving information on ionic and molecular carriers of memory was presented. In the end of this paper a substantial question was considered: is it possible to store all the received information, limited only by the time of functioning (existence) of the body? On the basis of the analysis of literary sources and in the context of developing the authors of ion-molecular memory model answer to the question can be the following: the concept of the possibility of such information storage if there is, obviously, only in that case when there are no structural changes in the library memory.
50
Amaral, Mariana, Filipa Matias, Lígia Massena, and Nuno Cardoso. "Undergraduate Teaching in Geriatrics and Pediatrics in Portuguese Medical Schools: An Observational Study." Acta Médica Portuguesa 29, no. 12 (December 30, 2016): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.8380.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Motivated by the contracting nature of the Portuguese age pyramid, and thereby the ever increasing geriatric population, the aim of this study was to compare the number of European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System Credits dedicated to Geriatrics with Pediatrics in Portuguese Medical Schools.Material and Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted and included six Portuguese Medical Schools that have six years of training and a total of 360 credits. The study plans were obtained from the medical schools’ websites or requested. Schools were grouped in modular/classic teaching methodology and the courses were categorized in mandatory/optional and specific/related. The credits of Geriatrics and Pediatrics were compared.Results: Four schools had classical methodology and two had a modular one. Overall, they had more credits dedicated to Pediatrics than Geriatrics. Three schools offered mandatory courses specifically oriented to Geriatrics (1.5 - 8 credits) compared to all schools mandatory courses courses on Pediatrics (5.7 - 26.5 credits). The ratio of averages of mandatory specific courses (Pediatrics/Geriatrics) was 12.4 in the classical and 1.5 in the modular group.Discussion: Pediatrics teaching has revealed to be superior to Geriatrics in all categories. Based on our results, we consider the Portuguese Geriatrics’ undergraduate teaching sub-optimal.Conclusion: Nowadays, geriatric population is quantitatively similar to pediatric population. Efforts should be made to adequate Geriatrics teaching to our reality in order to provide a more adequate health care to this age group.