Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Crédit bancaire'
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Yreux, Thierry. "Crédit bancaire et liberté d'entreprendre." Rennes 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN11027.
Full textAbachi, Moncef. "La rémunération du crédit bancaire interne." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10012.
Full textIn spite of heterogeneity of its constituent elements, the remuneration of internal bank credit must take the shape of a global and effective rate which express the cost of credit each time that this one is preliminary founded by writing. But professional custom allow banker to derogate from this obligation by inscribing credit in the account of client borrower. However, if the rule of tacit interest course is justified by the absence of gratuitous credit, it's at the same time source of incertitude and contentious because borrowers, especially particulars, are note suffciently informed of "banking tariff". Banker remuneration stands out by originality of its payment that coming off inscription in client account. Otherwise, it's submissive to usury threshold foregone by penal law of 28 december 1966. Generallt, bank rates reach limits authorized, but actual, bank practices in matter of interest calculation make the search of usury delicate. Today, specificity of determination and payment credit price reveals a remuneration which can't be gouverned by interest common law
Sall, Mamadou Mamoudou. "Les garanties du crédit bancaire au Sénégal." Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR10020.
Full text8the senegalese system of banking guarantees is nowadays caracterized by some slackness and insuffisciencies which display an anachronic situation. The real sureness, victim of the collective proceeding combined to a hostile law-making have shown the limit of their efficiency. Concerning the depositsthough its pliablity, the success remain softened for sociological reasons. Therefore, a reformation is necessary to fit the current legislation to the banking guarantees and a new determination of banking system regarding of the relationships between bankers and custommers
Sall, Mamadou Mamoudou. "Les garanties du crédit bancaire au Sénégal." Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR1D020.
Full text8the senegalese system of banking guarantees is nowadays caracterized by some slackness and insuffisciencies which display an anachronic situation. The real sureness, victim of the collective proceeding combined to a hostile law-making have shown the limit of their efficiency. Concerning the depositsthough its pliablity, the success remain softened for sociological reasons. Therefore, a reformation is necessary to fit the current legislation to the banking guarantees and a new determination of banking system regarding of the relationships between bankers and custommers
Heem, Grégory. "Le contrôle interne du risque de crédit bancaire." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0043.
Full textIn the past, internal control has been defined as the whole procedures to avoid fraud. Today, under the changes that occured in the United States, it indicates a permanent system that saves the company's assets and improve the efficiency of its business strategy. The goal of this research is to study how banks have worked out their internal control to manage credit risks. A risk that led to a regulation from the French Bank Commission in 1997 and to several changes in the organization of internal in French banks since that date. This research while conceptual and empirical has allowed the developpement of a methodical framework assessement for bank credit risk internal control. The field of inquiry has been enlarged using various theoretical approches coming from economics and sociology
Krisni, Mohammed. "Évolution des garanties du crédit bancaire en France." Toulouse 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU10061.
Full textThe opening of collective proceedings has become a test for the reliability and efficiency of the guarantees taken by the bankers. However, because of the crisis and the constraining feature of the legislative provisions and of the jurisprudential attitudes, this test has proved it risky and has shown a falling-off of the traditional guarantees of bank credit. But this falling-out is slowing down. The improvement of credit engineering and of financial information, the improvement of the way of dealing with the firms in difficulty, allows the banker to increase the efficiency of his guarantees and to secure a better supervision of the loans
Tobelem, Albert. "Le crédit bancaire et les entreprises en difficulté." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE0065.
Full textYaro, Nebila Amadou. "La fraude en matière de crédit documentaire." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF10072.
Full textFraud in documentary credit transactions is a defect of document'honesty. As it is well definied, its study requires two elements : custody and processing. The custody of fraud can be made by two means : on one hand, we have a classic control and the other hand, a controle based on the possibilities which are offerted by the modern means as computer science and telematic. When the fraud is discovered, the banker who make the control has two possibilities : either he rejects the documents, or he accepts them when the beneficiairy is honest or when the fraud is minor. In both cases, the banker engages his responsability if he doesn't accomplish his work of authentication as he has to do. But if the control gives not satisfying results, the victim uses the second operation : the processing of fraud. If the is discovered before the payment of credit, protectives measures are applied to hinder the realization of the credit. If the fraud is discovered after the payment, penal law is applied because fraud in documentary credit transactions is after all, an ordinary offense of common law
Boughlam, Fatiha. "Structures et organisation du système bancaire algérien." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010301.
Full textMabika-Birangui, Léontine. "Le Crédit bancaire : étude de terminologies française et anglaise." Lille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL30023.
Full textAs the thesis focusses on bank credit : a study of french and english terms, problems relating to terminology and its methods have been discussed. During theoretical and practical research work, various aspects of bank credit have been examined : its definition, its recipients, conditions for extending credit some of which are related to the borrower's character, solvency and collateral security and the others to economic factors such as the business cycle, the bank's cash position, the prevailing credit policy, credit control instruments namely quantitative and qualitative credit controls, the minimum reserve requirements, the discount rate policy, the open-market operation and moral suasion. The "source" language of the glossary developed is english, given its predominance in business circles and international organizations. The entries selected and forming this glossary deal with bank credit as studied during research work. Their translation into french cannot be considered a final one. These entries are supported by contexts illustrating their practical use and are sometimes followed by their synonyms
Chouvelon, Thierry. "Comportement bancaire, déséquilibre du marché du crédit et approfondissement financier." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF10001.
Full textBouchellal, Abdellah. "Incidence de la concurrence bancaire sur les conditions de crédit." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE0506.
Full textThis thesis investigates the effect of banking competition on the cost and the quality of lending to firms by financial institutions. Specifically, the empirical analyzes conducted in this thesis aim to reach two complementary objectives. First, assessing the degree to which the rivalry between banks influences their pricing strategy and therefore the cost of corporate financing. The second objective of this thesis is to study the impacts of bank competition on the way banks generate private information about their customers. To this end we proceed in two steps. First, we investigate whether banking competition affects the type of information used by loan officers to assess borrower’s quality. Then, we check the involvement of bank competition in the termination of bank-firm relationships. We consider for all the analyzes conducted in this thesis an approach where the complementarity between different competition indicators used in the literature is exploited in order to better understand the level of rivalry among banks. Several results emerge from the multiple empirical analyzes conducted in this thesis. First, these show that the market power of financial institutions result from two separate sources: the weight of the bank in the local credit market structure, and the level of efficiency of the credit institution. Therefore, the impact of competition between banks depends on the ability of banking competition to influence the local market structure of credit or the efficiency of bank. Moreover, we show that within a concentrated banking market, the existence of strong rivalries between banks reduced the financing cost of firms that had a house bank. Finally, we demonstrate that banking competition increases the duration of bank-firm relationships and encourages loan officers to produce more private information about borrowers. However, it would be safe for banks to monitor the behavior of loan officers regarding their role on information production, in order to design incentives that ensure a sustained effort on their part
Bouchellal, Abdellah. "Incidence de la concurrence bancaire sur les conditions de crédit." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE0506/document.
Full textThis thesis investigates the effect of banking competition on the cost and the quality of lending to firms by financial institutions. Specifically, the empirical analyzes conducted in this thesis aim to reach two complementary objectives. First, assessing the degree to which the rivalry between banks influences their pricing strategy and therefore the cost of corporate financing. The second objective of this thesis is to study the impacts of bank competition on the way banks generate private information about their customers. To this end we proceed in two steps. First, we investigate whether banking competition affects the type of information used by loan officers to assess borrower’s quality. Then, we check the involvement of bank competition in the termination of bank-firm relationships. We consider for all the analyzes conducted in this thesis an approach where the complementarity between different competition indicators used in the literature is exploited in order to better understand the level of rivalry among banks. Several results emerge from the multiple empirical analyzes conducted in this thesis. First, these show that the market power of financial institutions result from two separate sources: the weight of the bank in the local credit market structure, and the level of efficiency of the credit institution. Therefore, the impact of competition between banks depends on the ability of banking competition to influence the local market structure of credit or the efficiency of bank. Moreover, we show that within a concentrated banking market, the existence of strong rivalries between banks reduced the financing cost of firms that had a house bank. Finally, we demonstrate that banking competition increases the duration of bank-firm relationships and encourages loan officers to produce more private information about borrowers. However, it would be safe for banks to monitor the behavior of loan officers regarding their role on information production, in order to design incentives that ensure a sustained effort on their part
Branco, Fernandes Yann. "L'emprunt en droit bancaire des sociétés." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10061.
Full textNowadays, the loan becomes particularly important in heritage activity of natural and legal persons, mostly thanks to the intervention of banks and financial institutions. In this regard, it is interesting to see how the banking law can change the perception of this mechanism and vice versa. If the law could enter the currency, quantitative expression of the money, he could take over the concept of borrowing? A priori, the answer must be negative despite the existence of related concepts: credit, loan, debt, debt. This study shows that the loan polymorphic concept can be defined as a voluntary global approach, planned and educated, necessarily related to the cyclical needs of companies that creates a financial liability resulting from the exemption and refundable credits Term which conditions are determined in advance. The idea of a dynamic global approach redefines the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders to the loan. This change of vision allows variation of the classic patterns of financing by the loan and thus offer a new vision reconciling the law and economics. The borrowing relationship is therefore a long history that binds the bank to the financial markets, credit to corporations, law and the economy: it is a way of funding. Not one time made, it will firstly demonstrate that the loan requires prior investigation and secondly, to show that the loan meets a cyclical approach to life through its corporate activity by means which can be implemented both in its investment in its exploitation
Monsinjon, Véronique Sophie. "Les impacts du marché du crédit bancaire sur le cycle réel." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUEL284.
Full textThe aim of this research is to analyse the importance and complexity of bank credit market in limited effects on " real economy". In fact, we focus on the effects of credit supply. In particular, information asymetries between lenders and borrowers have been considered as a (financial) intensification channel of real cycle. Those asymetries take especially the form of credit rationing. The interest in our approach is to consider two kinds of credit rationing ; that is to say rationing in the volume of credit but also rationing which consists in discimination between borrowers (small /big firms). Beyond direct effects of such information imperfections, we try to take into account their indirect effects on economic financing that is to say on banking competition. But asymetries are not the only way for credit supply to influence real economy by the behaviour of banks. Analysing real impacts of credit supply fluctuations imply to take into account both sides of banking balance sheet. Risk-taking by banks can generate credit cycles because of the links between credit and assers. If such a cycle appears at the current period then banking reactions is probably a credit crunch at the following one. We finally tackle futur perspectives for financial intermediation within the european context
Mattout, Jean-Pierre. "Droit bancaire international." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010280.
Full textThe bulk of the different works are oriented towards banking and financial law, and especially its international aspects. It is an attempt to systematize the main operations in the international banking field, from a legal stand point. Studies have been conducted of the applicable law to international banking operations, the financing operations (prefinancing, international discounting, supplier's credit, buyer's credit, international leasing, financing credit) the off-balance sheet operations (first demand guarantees, documentary credits, letters of indemnity). The other works have been devoted to certain peculiar aspects of the same topics or to other banking operations like swaps, netting, unit trusts or to international legal aspects of bankruptcy or agency agreements
Boussaada, Rim. "L'impact de la gouvernance bancaire et de la relation bancaire sur le risque de crédit : cas des banques tunisiennes." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40030/document.
Full textThis research aims to analyse the internal determinants of Tunisian bank risk. We particularlyfocus on the role of bank governance and relationship banking. Based on a sample of 10Tunisian listed banks during 1998-2009, we examine the impact of ownership concentrationand board characteristics on credit risk. Our results demonstrate that the importance ofTunisian banks’credit risk is rooted in bank governance deficiency. This latter wascontributed to implement a reckless credit policy. From the analysis of credit files granted bya Tunisian bank to corporate customers, we attempt to detect the impact of soft and hardinformation on credit risk. Our results suggest a lax attitude of the bank towards someimportant clients, particularly long-standing ones. This attitude may be the root of the creditrisk increase in Tunisia
Salomon, Danielle. "La transformation du système bancaire français : l'exemple du crédit à la consommation." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0026.
Full textThe deregulation of the French banking system is analyzed through a segment of activity : consumer credit. The choice has been made to observe its effects and the transformations it implies at the various levels of the organization, competition rules and public action, for that purpose, two credit institutions were studied : Crédit Lyonnais and CETELEM. As a complement, the loi Neiertz for overindebtment of houselholds was analyzed both in its decision-making process and implementation. This public action permitted among other things, to emphasize the loss of capacity of action of the authorities. Therefore, they use new ways of action in addition to their formal powers. Deregulation, as a change in rules, raises the question of transformation in organizations, in their practices and in their interactions between them and with their clients. The inertia that results from such imbrication is a way to explain the temporizations and paradoxes that caracterize public action in the banking sector. The process being not over yet, all the conditions for a complete change are not achieved although rules have substantially been modified. In a context of transformation and of a sluggish growth, the deficiency of the internal systems particularly of large commercial banks, involve heavy risks for the French banking system that can overflow national frontiers. Thus, French authorities seek to maintain resources of action in order to direct the slow transformations started by the banking institutions and to avoid, when possible, too brutal consequences
Rozsa, Claude. "L'analyse par les flux : instrument privilégié de la gestion du crédit bancaire." Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020116.
Full textThe credit analyst's major challenge is to detect potential business opportunities with a company in time. To do so, he should be able to react quickly both in the case of a new relationship or in the case of a relationship being terminated without being singled out as abandoning the ship and being held responsible for its wreck. Cash flow analysis gives, in most cases, this kind of indication whether it is for financing the development of a business, a liquidity crisis which needs the temporary support of a bank, or a solvency issue stemming from mismanagement of the company. Today's new credit analyst has at his disposal forecasting tools for projecting cash flows which can inform him about the future of the company. He can ask the right questions and get explanations, and even if the client does not divulge the information, he can take the proper actions using his past and future cash flow results. He has so a reliable credit management tool to assist him
Wamba, Henri. "La gestion du risque bancaire en matiere d'accord de crédit aux entreprises." Rennes 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REN11008.
Full textThe banker lending money to firms runs a permanent risk of not having the loan repaid as scheduled, or of receiving only partial repayment. The multiplicity of quantitative factors and the nature of qualitative factors both internal and external to the firm show the difficulty banks are having in finding a simple method or rather a viable model of bank risk management. Thus, after review of the financial theory and an impirical study we made in banks on bank risk taking (part i) and the coverage of this risk (part 2), we have proposed in our work an explnatory model of the banker's behaviour when he is faced with the decision whether to give loan or not
Vu, Thi Le Giang. "Corruption, asymétrie d'information et genre : impact sur la demande de crédit bancaire." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/EDSJPG/2021/2021LILUD012.pdf.
Full textThis thesis investigates the effects of corruption, asymmetric information and gender on discouragement. Specifically, we answer three questions: Does corruption impact the demand for bank credit in Asian developing countries? Does credit information sharing reduce discouraged borrowers? Does corruption discourage more female entrepreneurs from applying for credit? Using the Enterprise Survey conducted by the World Bank from 2011 to 2018, we find not only the significant effects but also the mechanisms to explain these effects. First, corruption has a negative effect on discouragement in developing countries. Moreover, this link varies on the level of country development. In more developed countries (resp. less), firms are more (resp. less) discouraged from applying for credit when perceiving higher corruption. The burden of government regulations is a channel to explain the above opposite effects. Second, information sharing through public credit registries mitigates discouragement. However, sharing information through private credit registries has a non-linear effect on discouragement. A low (resp. sufficient) coverage of the information diminishes (resp. enhances) the demand for bank credit. Third, perceiving high corruption, female entrepreneurs are more discouraged from applying for loans than male entrepreneurs. Three mechanisms are found to explain this result: (1) women suffer more from corruption than men do; (2) women have less experience in dealing with corruption; (3) the degree of gender equality influences the gendered impact of corruption with greater discouragement for women in a less gender equality society
Chemgnie, Wabo Sylvie. "Étude des critères de décision d'octroi de crédit bancaire aux PME camerounaises." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6850/1/030466489.pdf.
Full textFilareto, Marie-Christine. "Décision de crédit-bail-emprunt bancaire et risque moral : étude des interactions offre et demande de financement." Lille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL20017.
Full textThis research compares banking debt and financial leasing and deals with two areas. First, we analyse the determinants of leasing policy for the lessor and the lessee and then the external financing structures of firms. We consider the consequences of a leasing decision for the unsecured creditor. The literature background and a qualitative analysis with interviews show the main role of the property right for the lessor. It exters an influence on financing supply. The lessor considers both firm quality and asset quality. So the interest rate will depend on these two factors. The influence on the two kinds of risks has been confirmed in an empirical study on contrac027740781tual data. For firms, advantages of leasing and its availability explain the choice of financing. .
Mehri, Nejib. "Le cout de l'intermediation bancaire. Essai d'analyse a partir de l'exemple des banques commerciales tunisiennes : 1970-1985." Lyon 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO22012.
Full textThe intermediation of the financial institutions consist to collect the saving of the economic agents who have a capacity of financing to put it at the disposition to those who need finance. So, this institutions have a fondamental role in the processus of saving and investment. In the economy, the intervention of these financial intermediaries generate a cost colled "cost of intermediation". The first part of this study is consecrated for the theorical analysis of the concept of "cost of bank intermediation" from the rare searchs that was realised these last years. For example, the studies of the o. E. C. D. And the "commissariat general du plan" (france). It is proving that is possible to apprehend the cost of intermediation like a gross earnings margins: it is the margin b distributed credits and the cost of the collected resources. The second part of this study is an application of the concept of cost of intermediation to the tunisian commercial banks. We conclude from this analysis, that the "cost of bank intermediation" has rised between 1970-1985. This evolution is partly explained by the increase of the operating costs imputable to the growth of the staff expenses. . . .
Garnier-Guillaumeau, Céline. "Le risque du prêteur : étude de droit bancaire." Bordeaux 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR40022.
Full textMoumouni, Charles. "Les statut juridique des lettres de confort dans les transactions de crédit bancaire." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25685.pdf.
Full textBen, Ahmed Walid. "Asymétrie d'information et rationnement du crédit bancaire : le cas de la PME Tunisienne." Thesis, Littoral, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DUNK0349.
Full textDespite the encouragement to support the SMEs, the creation of these companies still bellow expectations, number of these disappears. The granting of credit is the essential constraint pressing on the development and the sustainability of these companies because the bankers provide credit only when they make sure that the customers are solvent and that they are capable of honoring their commitment. This discriminatory fisal policy banks is justified by the difficulty in assessing their risks and the lack of credibility of their information systems, since the information is insufficient and often unilateral, one of two parties has better information, he know more than the other. This phenomenon is alled asymmetric information and could cause moral hazard and adverse selection. However, the contract between the borrowers, on one hand, and creditors, on the other hand, the creditors ould be shifted by asymmetric information leading, at the most, rationing of credit, or in some cases, to high rate interest ; thus limiting the development of the relationship between banks and companies. Our research is based on a survey conducted among with 160 account managers of two Tunisian banks, Tunisian Banking company ("Société Tunisienne de Banque", STB) and the Arab International Bank of Tunisia ("Banque Internationale Arabe de Tunisie", BIAT) to study their behavior in the decision of allocation credit to small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The results, achieved through Structural Equations Analysis, show differences between private versus public banks in regard
Oloua, Edene Ayissi Barnabé. "Endettement bancaire et performances des PME camerounaises." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR1EC02.
Full textIn this thesis, we have tried to analyse the relation between banking loans and performance and to suggest propositions to improve this relation in Cameroonian Small and Medium size Enterprises (SME). The main goal is how to manage banking loans in order to improve performances in SME. Therefore, two variables have been identified : the level and the quality of banking loans which depend their selves on structural and managerial features of SME. The research is presented in two parts including three chapters each. The first part is logically articulated in three levels : taking in account SME's features and banking conditions to analyse banking loans in SME in order to build a theoretical model between banking loans and performances. This model shows that a banking debt which has been well identified and which is adapted in a favourable environment, but which is also controlled, must permit performances in SME. In the second part, we need to check the reality of the relation between banking loans and performances in Cameroonian's SME. It is organised as follow : taking in account an appropriate approach of collecting real information in Cameroon 's SME, referring to their features, their banking conditions, their performances and their environment to analyse the main variables in the relation between banking loans and performances in order to appreciate by statistic tests, the degree of relation between different variables of the research model and to suggest measures for a positive relation
Mansour, Rana. "Marge d' intérêt bancaire et risques : une application empirique au cas du Liban." Limoges, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIMO1015.
Full textThe lebanese banking sector has experienced deep, structural and functional, changes due to globalization and liberalization during the two last decades. While these changes made this sector more competitive by mowering interest margins, it inevitably exposed this sector to various types of risks. The aim of this thesis is to show fundamental role of risk in the determination of the margin and the effects of the determinants of this mrgin to banks in Lebanon. The dissertation is organized in three stages. First, a presentation of the reorganization of the Lebanese banking sector since 1990' s is made. In fact, the predominance of credits to the private resident sector and deposits of private sector in american dollars characterized the performance of the banking sector, whereas the compliance to prudential norms and the accentuation of the merger and acquisition operations marked its modernization. Second, a theoretical and empirical review of the literature on price setting of the banking intermediation activity through to approaches is proposed. And third, an empirical investigation, on panel data, over the period 1995-2002 is realised. We take again the microeconomic model of Goyeau, Sauviat and Tarazi (1999) using a noeclassical framwork taking into account uncertainty. The empirical results show significant and positive effects of market power, credit and transformation risks from customers and administrative costs on the margin for the broad sample of banks and for the full period of analysis. The temporal evolution reflects a change in the determination of the margin and profit structure. The distinction of banks, according to the size of the balance sheet mean, shows that only big banks seem to capture the effects of prudential regulation and transformation risk from customers, whereas small and medium banks pass significantly the variations of interest rate treasury bills. Difference of behaviour for the estimation concerning only the customers has also been revealed on the subperiod 1995-1998, and the effect of market power is negative for big banks whereas it is positive for small and medium ones. However, even if these two groups of banks are restrained by regulation over the subperiod 1999-2002, only big banks manage the transformation risk whereas small and medium ones benefit from administrative costs which positively influenced the margin. Distinction of banks according to the share of customer loans in their balance sheet has been made in order to know if specialized banks granting loans can better manage risks notably on customer's credit risk. Even if the two groups exhibit the positive effect of capital ratios on the margin over the period 1995-2002, only banks with a customer credits share mean greater than 32% have a capital ratios that negatively affect the margin for the estimation about customers over the subperiod 1995-1998
Ninou, Bozou Caroline. "Aversion au risque et concurrence bancaire : disponibilité des crédits et cycle économique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020052.
Full textIn this thesis, we focus on two determinants of credit availability and more broadly, the business cycle: banking market structure, and risk and time preferences. First, in an empirical chapter, we demonstrate a negative relationship between the concentration of the banking sector and the availability of credit. We also show that this relationship depends on the specific characteristics of firms and banks. Secondly, in a theoretical chapter, we compare, in the framework of a nonlinear Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model, different banking market structures and we analyse their respective impact on the business cycle and households’ welfare. We find that a concentrated oligopolistic structure mitigates the transmission mechanism of financial shocks and improves the households’ welfare compared to other market structures. In the final chapter, we analyse, through a nonlinear DSGE model, the impact of an increase in the degree of risk aversion on the transmission mechanisms of economic shocks. Moreover, considering the time-varying nature of risk aversion, we evaluate the transmission mechanisms of risk aversion shocks to the whole economy
Daoud, Barkat Daoud. "Réglementation du capital bancaire et risque du crédit : évaluation du nouvel accord de Bâle." Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE0504.
Full textSassolas, Delphine. "Les contrats de crédit." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GREND021.
Full textBeyond the diversity of legal techniques aimed at performing a credit operation, the credit agreement has its own unique definition. It can take the form of a money loan, a credit opening, a leasing agreement or a hire purchase. However, claiming the existence of a conceptual unity and autonomy for this special agreement implies going beyond the issues related to its interdependence with financed agreements, to the banking monopoly and its numerous exceptions, and to the distinction to be made between professional and consumer. Functional unity is visible in the adaptation of ordinary law of agreements principles through the rules applicable to credit agreements. Consensualism, contractual freedom and the binding force of agreements are confronted with credit agreements' typical mechanisms (formality, duty to warn, period of withdrawal, interdependence, early repayment, repayment by acceleration, etc.). This unity is nevertheless compromised by the acknowledgement of provisions specific to credit agreements granted to consumers
Boukari, Mariam. "Etude de la pertinence des normes IFRS au regard de l’analyse crédit bancaire des entreprises." Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090007.
Full textIFRS, by their direct affiliation to the Anglo-Saxon accounting model, raise the question of their relevance to the Continental Europe context.This study aims to shed light on this question by highlighting, from a practical case study of the French Central Bank credit rating system, the implications of IFRS adoption in France for the methodology of financial statement analysis and credit rating of French groups.Results show a positive effect of new standards regarding the credit risk of non financial groups. They point out also that this effect can be equally attributed to the gain of transparency occasioned by the IFRS but also to the selective and conservative approach of the French Central Bank Credit Methodology
Sayeh, Wafa. "Le financement bancaire des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises : rationnement de crédit, conditions d'emprunt et notation." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CERG0713.
Full textThis dissertation addresses several issues facing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The first three articles are focusing on SMEs' access to bank loans. This issue contains two areas for intervention. The first is the prediction of credit rationing decision based upon SMEs characteristics. The second relates to the determinants of credit terms. The fourth article approaches the issue of the existence and causes of split rating. Researches covered in this thesis are based on two different samples. The first sample was constructed from a credit rationing survey sent to an SMEs panel. The second sample was supplied by one French mutual bank and relates to information on its credit reports and credit history over the period from 2007 to 2010
Abdallah, Juliana. "L'apport de la pratique bancaire au droit du financement des entreprises : étude sur les crédits bancaires à court terme avec mobilisation de créances." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT3013.
Full textThe banking practices have always tried to turn the French companies more competitive, on the European and the international levels, by proposing to them new ways of financing. The small and medium-sized companies often turn to short term credits guaranteed by their debts. It's what we call short term credit with mobilization of debts. The banking practices have softened the toughness of the traditional, oldest and most utilized technique : discounting, embraced by the comprehensible jurisprudence, except in case of transferring an electronic bill of exchange. Furthermore, it pushed the DAILLY assignment, model proposed by the legislator, towards some fields other than those mentioned by the law. Having not acquired complete satisfaction on a national level, the banking practices have adopted from other countries, especially from Germany and from the United States, some new more simple techniques, less costly and quicker. To elude the disgrace of the jurisprudence that controls the practices, the latter has established these new techniques on civil law principles. Therefore, the trust is based on the assignment of debts, the electronic bill of exchange is reduced to a recovering order and the factoring finds its base in subrogation
Tao, WeiXu. "Réforme bancaire, défis économiques : La stratégie de développement du secteur bancaire, la formation du tissu industriel et rural en Chine." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010026.
Full textOuédraogo, Seydou. "Banques et transmission monétaire dans l'UEMOA : effets des bilans bancaires, de la concentration bancaire et de l'excès de liquidité bancaire sur l'efficacité de la politique monétaire de la BCEAO." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF10364/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the double underperformance of financial liberalization policies in the WAEMU : the low bank credit and ineffectiveness of the monetary policy. Precisely it studies the impact of bank resilience on bank lending and on the monetary transmission.The thesis provides the following results : 1/ bank balance sheets alter the monetary transmission, small banks, less capitalized and less liquid banks, transmit more fully the monetary shocks 2/ bank concentration weakens the bank lending to the economy and the monetary policy effectiveness 3/ excess liquidity hampers bank lending and reduces the effectiveness of monetary transmission 4/ excess liquidity is related to bank concentration.The recommendations deal with the banking regulation, the strengthening of monetary policy as well as strategies for financial development
Capoen, Anne-Laure. "La responsabilité bancaire à l'égard des entreprises en difficulté." Toulouse 1, 2008. http://www.biu-toulouse.fr/uss/scd/theses/fiches-pdf/capoen-a-l/index.htm.
Full textArticle L 650-1 of the Commercial Code, created by the French Insolvency law of July 26th 2005 (Loi de sauvegarde des entreprises), limits the creditor's liability in tort : he is no more liable for the damages suffered because of credits granted to companies in difficulty. If the legitimity of the measure has been disputed, it answers nevertheless to a general interest objective : promote supply of loans. Tort damage actions are admissible in three cases : fraud, characterized interference with the management of the debtor, or the obtention of disproportionate guarantees on the credits, which constitute the only three admissibility cases of excessive financial backing actions. From now on, creditors take advantage of this immunity. Reasons of lapse of this immunity aim at moralize business law. But these limits to liability in tort do not concern the other cases of creditor's liability. He remains liable for damages in case of improper breach of loan contract, in case of no respect of his duties towards no informed borrowers, or when he is the manager-in-fact of the company in difficulty. Lastly, providing ruinously expensive ways to avoid or delay opening insolvency procedure, involves creditor's criminal responsability, as he is considered as accomplice. Moreover, consequences of the liability have deterrent effects, especially nullity of guarantees. So, this limitation of liability gives opportunity for creditors to invest more in corporate financing ; nevertheless this opportunity has to be taken, without lapsing into excess
Toulemont-Dakouré, Anne. "Système bancaire, efficacité et croissance en zone franc : application au Bénin." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010055.
Full textThe topic of this work is the poor understanding of the zone franc banking systems. The financial systems of this monetary area are specific because of the use of one single currency, the CFA franc, linked to the french franc by a fixed rate of exchange ; they are also special because of the existence of two regional central banks operating in several countries, and because of an important segmentation. Two systems are used in parallel : the official system, essentially with young or restructured commercial banks that escaped the spectacular bankrupcies of the zone franc banking system in the late eighties; and the informal system, which is very dynamic but illegal. In theory, banks should play a central part in the financing of the economy. However, in the zone franc countries, they are not involved enough in that way. Several arguments might be considered to analyse this situation. The institutional and social way in which these countries are living, as well as their low level of economic development, explain these facts. However, the work focuses on the existence of a large asymetry of information between the banks and their clients. The information asymetry between the bank and the borrowers is particularly wide because of the economic framework and the specific risks. The association of a lack of innovation in the banks and a high level of failure probability from the borrowers, involve a credit restriction. The restriction does not remain the single reason put forward to explain the lack of credit. The savers behaviour (liquidity preference) and their suspicion against the banking institutions, put the banks under a real panic risk which comes from the information asymetry between the bank and its depositors, and all of this means that liquid assets prevail. It is no less the illiquid feature than the risky aspect of banking assets that involves the credit deficit
Poaty, Marie-Laure. "Le crédit réel individuel : problèmes juridiques et éthiques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0384.
Full textThis work proposes to study the legal aspects of trade credit in the case of an implicit impasse with bank credit that seems to prevail today in the field of trade, by using a guarantee system derived from real collateral. The comparison undertaken is intended to show the role played in particular by the retention of title and the trust in the classic field of retail sale to individuals. Beyond a technical approach, it’s about restoring a meaning to definitions of personal and real rights in the language of the law or regulations. It is also a question of attaching to the values of justice in ethical terms which are at the foundation of these rights: the dignity of people and the right to possess goods which are linked to the equality of benefits. But it will also be taken into consideration the sometimes-destabilizing exterior economic elements, in the measure that they destabilize the classic legal mechanisms by putting bank credit and trade credit in competition, even though it seems that the latter is more justified
Barsallo, Vanessa. "Le droit de propriété comme garantie non traditionnelle du crédit bancaire au Panama et en France." Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020058.
Full textThis thesis involves a study of the role of property as a guarantes of bank credit in panama and in france. We will see the differentes techniques by which property has a role of guarantes in bank credit. This study consists of two parts. In part one, we shall discuss the transfer of property as a guarantes : the transfer of credits as a guarantes and the trust. In the second part, we shall examine the reserve of property as a guarantes as the leasing and the conditional sale
N'damas, Henri-Blaise. "Dans quelle mesure une démarche d’intelligence économique permettrait-elle une réduction du risque de crédit bancaire ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0081/document.
Full textBank Information Systems, key tools in banking strategies, have become comprehensive and complex. And the decision-making or strategic information systems are playing an increasingly more important role.Nevertheless, some inefficiencies in the conception of information systems still continue to exist, due to the uncontrolled design or rather construction of strategic information systems, systematically alienating the end-user.One solution seems to be to rely on economic intelligence to attempt to solve the matter of the construction of those strategic information systems, and consequently to improve decision-making. Because, the strategic information system, the core of decision-making systems, is the heart itself of the economic intelligence system.Our theory is that an approach of economic intelligence applied to the conception of information systems in banking would allow the reduction of the “loan risk”. This specifically in the sector of retail banking and for the individual, professional and contractor customer.- Risk for the customer who should not start loan payments which he cannot cover, or commit to loan projects which do not match the stakes he would have set himself.- Risk obviously for the bank which is not willing to accumulate uncreditworthy customers, and which would not match either the stakes set by the bank decision-makers.After putting emphasis on the distinctive features of the bank and the complexity of its environment, we will show the evidence that the current approach to risk management inside banks seems “incomplete” and fragmented, and consequently, where there is room for improvement particularly for individual and professional customers.Then, we intend to suggest some methodological rules for the conception of strategic information systems in banking, as well as a business model of such a system taking into account the needs of the end-user who will be, as shown in this present thesis, the decision-maker of a credit file or the bank adviser, or even the credit risk analyst. Finally, after drawing up this model of strategic information systems, we will compare how it could improve on the existing one. Our thesis is situated at a crossroads, at a confluence, of a thesis in management sciences, more particularly in bank finance, and of a thesis in information systems, and in computer science; and it leans largely on our professional experience in the banking sector in France.Thus, along with the banking sector, we wish to explore the new field of application of research in economic intelligence, particularly linked to the results stemming from the work by the research team SITE of LORIA as far as the conception of information systems for economic intelligence is concerned.After introducing the concept of economic intelligence and the decision-support process (chapter no. 1), we will outline the specificities of the banking sector and its information systems (chapter no. 2). Then we will clarify the difficulties of credit risk management within banks (chapter no. 3) before submitting our proposals for the implementation of a strategic information system enabling the improvement of credit risk management in banking (chapter no. 4)
Bertrand, Jérémie. "Nature et Gestion de l’Information : impact sur le Financement Relationnel Bancaire." Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL20010/document.
Full textOver the past decades, the definition of relationship banking has greatly evolved. It is no longer considered as a simple mechanism used to reduce information asymmetry. However, many questions remain. What are its determinants? Does its use impact all agents in the same way? What are its potential substitutes? This thesis is organized around these themes. The first chapter examines the impact of banking competition on relationship lending technology. The second chapter studies the use of relationship lending technology by minorities. Finally, the third chapter analyzes the potential substitution between relationship lending technology and trade credit. Using two different databases - the first one composed of US SMEs, the second of Italian SMEs - we empirically show that: 1. Banking competition impacts non-linearly the use of relationship lending technology. Banks favor relationship lending when competition is weak, transactional lending when it increases then return to relationship lending in case of strong competition. 2. If the use of relationship lending technology tends to first increase discrimination against minorities, this discrimination decreases with time. This result could be analyzed as an empirical validation of the psychological theory of contacts in finance. 3. Opaque firms without an access to relationship lending technology use more trade credit. Trade credit can be seen as a relationship lending technology
Bettan, Demaret Gérald. "Contrôle et régulation des établissements de crédit : contribution à l'étude de l'efficacité de la régulation des établissements de crédit." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB183.
Full textAnalyze efficiency and performance of the bank regulation through a study of french and EU laws and rules. Propose the creation of a new banking regulation system founded on ethic and coregulation
Ngomo, Obiang Renaud Fernand. "La sécurité du système bancaire africain : contribution à la modernisation de la régulation bancaire dans la CEMAC." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10426.
Full textThe resurgence of banking and financial crises up the issue of financial security at the center of major policy issues of economic regulation. Indeed, the so-called subprime crisis and subsequent fiscal crises there, and the Cyprus crisis with a sense of public defiance that resulted, one may suggest that financial security will save the financial industry in spite of herself. This issue, more pragmatic moreover, seems to resonate more in law, unlike that of financial stability that appears rather subjective or incantatory. In Central Africa, as in the legal systems of Roman- Latin tradition, the question of financial security shall first the legal status of bank depositors, their place in the legal order of payment of creditors in the event of failure. But the question of the security of the banking system as interest credit institutions themselves, not simply because of the risky nature of their processing activities, but mainly because of the existence of systemic risk exacerbated by financial engineering. The question of safety arises therefore not simply in terms of protection of individual players , but more in terms of preservation or backup tool called economic banking and / or financial
Rakotovololona, Andry Lalaina. "Le risque de crédit dans la stratégie bancaire : déterminants quantitatifs et perspectives d'innovation sur les marchés émergents." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010035.
Full textGeoffroy, François. "La place de l'informel dans une organisation bancaire : application à l'octroi de crédits aux entreprises." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON30053.
Full textFew studies have been interested in the role of the informal in banking organizations specialized in the Firms market. However they are just like any other organization with human and informal aspect. The aim of this thesis is to detect and identify the informal elements that influence the decision-making process of bankers in matters of credit. First we present surveys about the informal in management sciences and then those dealing with informal, irrational and hypocritical behaviours in organizations and show that they can and must be integrated into the banking system. After this we present two studies: a participant-observation in a French bank and a content analysis of semi-structured and structured interviews of bankers. Research findings show that the bankers do not only base their decision-making on hard and financial information (i. E. Balance sheets and financial rates) but that they especially use informal elements such as the confidence and credibility of company director, the banking history, the management of the company-customer and the honour one’s commitments, etc. We conclude that banks must be aware of the importance of managing this informal dimension in order to serve the banking organization and the relationship between banks and firms
Latapie, Laurent. "Le soutien bancaire d'une entreprise en difficulté après la loi du 26 juillet 2005." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE0004.
Full textThe company safeguard law, adopted on the 26th of July 2005, has modified the legislation applicable to the company in trouble. The credit holders are now invited to provide the companies with more financial support. This law also defines the civil liability of the banks for improper support. This law pursues 2 principal purposes. First of all, it defines a juridical frame that incites bank groups to bring support to companies in trouble. The company safeguard law also provides a liability system clearly defined for improper support. Moreover, this law erects the release of liability conditions and comes in addition to the global safety law reform that has been engaged since the 1st of august 2003. Actually, the applicable legislation promotes the supporting creditor but also defines the determining factors leading to the potential civil liability of this creditor throughout three assumptions of proved and decisive faults: fraud, revealed intrusion and improper guarantee. Secondly, it provides means to the debtor that allow him to obtain the bank support in order to be protected by a safety plan when this debtor isn’t in a situation of stoppage of payment, or if so, in order to be protected by a recovery plan. However, most of these proceedings end up with compulsory liquidation. The chief executive, who has given very often his personal pledge, may then contest the global actual rate of the bank credit, its transfer, its conditions of guarantee or its distribution of capital rank. He also disposes of wider pleas to contest the bank letter of credit Finally the French legislation also allows the other creditors to sue the bank for improper support. Analysing bank liability leads to the following question: does the bank’s legal support system provide a helpful answer to bank establishment’s needs in order to incite them to financially support companies or does it on the contrary expose them to new liability risks? This reflexion mainly concerns the fundamental basis of the bank’s support to companies in trouble
Kouzez, Marc. "L'impact de la règlementation, de l'information et du risque de crédit sur la performance bancaire : le cas du marché Jordanien." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0050.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze the performance of Jordanian banks during the recent global crisis that started in 2007-2008. Under this theme, we approach the banking system regulatory issues, the information asymmetry and the credit risk. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the regulations stemming from various Basel agreements, which served as a model for the regulation of the Jordanian banking system. Indeed, not only the philosophy for banking regulation has evolved since the first agreement in 1988, but more interactions have emerged between regulatory systems with information and credit risk management related problems. Following the analysis of these three factors, we will study their role in the evaluation of the banking sector performance. We focus our study on Jordan, a country in which the structure of the banking market has been deeply disturbed in recent years by opening the market to international investors, by changing the prudential standards and the economic consequences of the global financial crisis. Our approach is to conduct a quantitative assessment of credit risk and performance, through the use of statistical and econometric methods. The results show that the degradation in the performance of Jordanian banks starting from 2008 is not mainly the result of the strict regulations implemented by the Central Bank of Jordan, but rather an auto-regulation characterized by the banks excessively cautious attitude to their credit supply, especially after a period of intense competition
Ndrianasy, Laurens. "Le réseau bancaire à Madagascar et son rôle économique (1885-1946)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB211.
Full textFrom the French protectorate in 1885 until the birth of a bank of issue in 1925, Madagascar was a summary banking and monetary system totally controlled by investment banks. During this period, a banking network formed by the first bank Madagascar "The National Counter Discount Bank of Paris" had set up. Arrived in the country following the call of the French government, the Paris bank gave his support to the colonial project. Taking advantage of the extension of the French colonial empire in Madagascar, CNEP had created a network of agencies and sub-agencies swarmed in the colony. With the experience of its staff and its knowledge of local affairs, the bank was in a monopoly position with regard to the financial activities of the Big Island for lack of competitor. The CNEP thus became a key element in the realization of the colony development project. The period of the First World War, however, demonstrated the fragility of the banking and monetary system of the colony because of the cut communications with the metropolis. The Malagasy network CNEP revealed its limitations with the growing development of the local economy. The monetary constraints caused by war (hoarding metal parts by indigenous and stop ticket send decided by the Bank of France) and the acuity of the agricultural credit problem in the colony relaunched the very old draft a bank of issue. The creation of the Bank of Madagascar in 1925 brought a new financial policy in the colony. The Bank was mainly involved in the circulation of money and rediscounting commercial paper. The positive results of the Bank's emissions had allowed the colony to have a monetary stability. In terms of credit, the cash rate had fallen considerably (6% on average, while in the range of 10 to 12%). The Bank financially brought to the colony (royalties in circulation, corporate taxes, profit sharing, financial contributions to agricultural credit fund, etc.). Trade and customs statistics of the colony demonstrate the economic role of the bank of issue from its inception until 1946 when a new colonial policy was implemented