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deMatos, Richard Bernard. "Floor limits and credit card fraud in the South African credit card industry." Thesis, University of South Africa, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/48.
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Credit card fraud losses within the South African credit card market in 2006 exceeded
R257M. A portion of these losses (R179M) are within the borders of South Africa and its
common monetary area partners. This represents a startling 70% of credit card fraud on
magnetic stripe cards used within the borders of South Africa.
The South African credit card industry adopts floor limits at certain merchants and
merchant categories. South Africa is one of a few countries in the world that still adopt
floor limits on credit cards within its payment card industry. Credit card transactions on
magnetic-stripe cards conducted below the merchant’s designated floor limit do not go to
the issuing bank for authorization. The first time the issuing bank acknowledges these
transactions is when they are settled on average two days later. The rationale for not
adopting zero floor limits within the South African credit card market is the supposed
inability of the existing telecommunications infrastructure to handle the volume and
frequency of data submitted by merchants for authorization. The impact of reduced fraud
and bad debt losses through adopting a zero floor limit in relation to merchant
operational costs is the basis of the research. The research also aims to examine the
Proposition that the existing telecommunications infrastructure is unable to support a
zero floor limit proposal.
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Martinez, John Brett. "Credit card credit scoring and risk based lending at XYZ Credit Union." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1752.
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Chun, Pan, and Qiu Tian. "Credit card business analysis of Bank of China : Is BOC credit card competitive?" Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9981.
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Ekici, Tufan. "An investigation of credit card debt." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1141228519.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006.An investigation of credit card debt: the effect of price and income expectations and the impact on consumption. Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-111).
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FILHO, ELIAS DIAS LOPES. "THIRD AGE: CREDIT CARD USE PROFILE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9443@1.
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O aumento da expectativa de vida dos brasileiros é cada
vez maior e,
conseqüentemente, também sua presença na economia. Assim
como o público
idoso, o mercado de cartões de crédito também cresce em
ritmo acelerado. Este
trabalho estuda as características do portador de cartão
de crédito do segmento da
Terceira Idade, ou melhor, pessoas com mais de 60 anos,
assim como seu
comportamento em relação ao uso do cartão de crédito.
Aplicou-se uma pesquisa
qualitativa, através de entrevistas em profundidade, que
levou à análise de outras
faixas etárias para fins de comparação do comportamento de
uso do cartão de
crédito, assim como a aplicação de um questionário no
aspecto quantitativo. Os
resultados apontaram para características conservadoras
por parte da Terceira
Idade no que se refere ao uso do cartão de crédito.The increase of life expectation of the Brazilians grows bigger and bigger and, consequently, also their presence in the country's economy. Just as the aged public, the credit card market also grows in an accelerated rhythm. This work studies the characteristics of the Third Age credit card bearer segment, in other words, people over the sixties, as well as their behavior regarding the credit card use. A qualitative research was applied, by means of in- depth interviews, which lead to the analysis of other age groups aiming at the comparison of the credit card use behavior, as well as the application of a quantitative wise questionnaire. The results point towards conservative characteristics on the part of the Third Age as far as the credit card use is concerned.
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Jurgovsky, Johannes. "Context-aware credit card fraud detection." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI109.
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La fraude par carte de crédit est devenue un problème majeur dans le secteur des paiements électroniques. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions la détection de fraude basée sur les données transactionnelles et abordons plusieurs de ces défis complexes en utilisant des méthodes d'apprentissage automatique visant à identifier les transactions frauduleuses qui ont été émises illégitimement au nom du titulaire légitime de la carte. En particulier, nous explorons plusieurs moyens d’exploiter les informations contextuelles au-delà des attributs de base d’une transaction, notamment au niveau de la transaction, au niveau de la séquence et au niveau de l'utilisateur. Au niveau des transactions, nous cherchons à identifier les transactions frauduleuses qui présentent des caractéristiques distinctes des transactions authentiques. Nous avons mené une étude empirique de l’influence du déséquilibre des classes et des horizons de prévision sur la performance d d'un classifieur de type random forest. Nous augmentons les transactions avec des attributs supplémentaires extraits de sources de connaissances externes et montrons que des informations sur les pays et les événements du calendrier améliorent les performances de classification, particulièrement pour les transactions ayant lieu sur le Web. Au niveau de la séquence, nous cherchons à détecter les fraudes qui sont difficiles à identifier en elles-mêmes, mais particulières en ce qui concerne la séquence à court terme dans laquelle elles apparaissent. Nous utilisons un réseau de neurone récurrent (LSTM) pour modéliser la séquence de transactions. Nos résultats suggèrent que la modélisation basée sur des LSTM est une stratégie prometteuse pour caractériser des séquences de transactions ayant lieu en face à face, mais elle n’est pas adéquate pour les transactions ayant lieu sur le Web. Au niveau de l'utilisateur, nous travaillons sur une stratégie existante d'agrégation d'attributs et proposons un concept flexible nous permettant de calculer de nombreux attributs au moyen d'une syntaxe simple. Nous fournissons une implémentation basée sur CUDA pour pour accélerer le temps de calcul de deux ordres de grandeur. Notre étude de sélection des attributs révèle que les agrégats extraits de séquences de transactions des utilisateurs sont plus utiles que ceux extraits des séquences de marchands. De plus, nous découvrons plusieurs ensembles d'attributs candidats avec des performances équivalentes à celles des agrégats fabriqués manuellement tout en étant très différents en termes de structure. En ce qui concerne les travaux futurs, nous évoquons des méthodes d'apprentissage artificiel simples et transparentes pour la détection des fraudes par carte de crédit et nous esquissons une modélisation simple axée sur l'utilisateurCredit card fraud has emerged as major problem in the electronic payment sector. In this thesis, we study data-driven fraud detection and address several of its intricate challenges by means of machine learning methods with the goal to identify fraudulent transactions that have been issued illegitimately on behalf of the rightful card owner. In particular, we explore several means to leverage contextual information beyond a transaction's basic attributes on the transaction level, sequence level and user level. On the transaction level, we aim to identify fraudulent transactions which, in terms of their attribute values, are globally distinguishable from genuine transactions. We provide an empirical study of the influence of class imbalance and forecasting horizons on the classification performance of a random forest classifier. We augment transactions with additional features extracted from external knowledge sources and show that external information about countries and calendar events improves classification performance most noticeably on card-not-present transaction. On the sequence level, we aim to detect frauds that are inconspicuous in the background of all transactions but peculiar with respect to the short-term sequence they appear in. We use a Long Short-term Memory network (LSTM) for modeling the sequential succession of transactions. Our results suggest that LSTM-based modeling is a promising strategy for characterizing sequences of card-present transactions but it is not adequate for card-not-present transactions. On the user level, we elaborate on feature aggregations and propose a flexible concept allowing us define numerous features by means of a simple syntax. We provide a CUDA-based implementation for the computationally expensive extraction with a speed-up of two orders of magnitude. Our feature selection study reveals that aggregates extracted from users' transaction sequences are more useful than those extracted from merchant sequences. Moreover, we discover multiple sets of candidate features with equivalent performance as manually engineered aggregates while being vastly different in terms of their structure. Regarding future work, we motivate the usage of simple and transparent machine learning methods for credit card fraud detection and we sketch a simple user-focused modeling approach
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Shui, Haiyan. "Time inconsistency in the credit card market." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2082.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Westerlund, Fredrik. "CREDIT CARD FRAUD DETECTION (Machine learning algorithms)." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statistik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-136031.
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Credit card fraud is a field with perpetrators performing illegal actions that may affect other individuals or companies negatively. For instance, a criminalcan steal credit card information from an account holder and then conduct fraudulent transactions. The activities are a potential contributory factor to how illegal organizations such as terrorists and drug traffickers support themselves financially. Within the machine learning area, there are several methods that possess the ability to detect credit card fraud transactions; supervised learning and unsupervised learning algorithms. This essay investigates the supervised approach, where two algorithms (Hellinger Distance Decision Tree (HDDT) and Random Forest) are evaluated on a real life dataset of 284,807 transactions. Under those circumstances, the main purpose is to develop a “well-functioning” model with a reasonable capacity to categorize transactions as fraudulent or legit. As the data is heavily unbalanced, reducing the false-positive rate is also an important part when conducting research in the chosen area. In conclusion, evaluated algorithms present a fairly similar outcome, where both models have the capability to distinguish the classes from each other. However, the Random Forest approach has a better performance than HDDT in all measures of interest.
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Sangsutisearee, Wanna. "Credit Card Usage and Knowledge in Thailand." DigitalCommons@USU, 1993. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2808.
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This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the characteristics of credit card holders and the extent of credit card usage, the level of credit card knowledge, and the consumer's choice perspectives. The characteristics of credit card holders studied were (a) gender, (b) age, (c) marital status, (d) education, (e) income, and (f) occupation.
Data for this study were collected in Bangkok, Thailand by telephone interviews during July- August 1993. The sample consisted of 150 Bangkok Bank credit card holders. Chi-square and Cramer's V were used to analyze the hypotheses. For all statistical analyses the level of significance was set at .05.
As a result of the 18 specific null hypothesis tests, only two independent variables were found to have a statistically significant relationship with the extent of credit card usage. The findings suggested a positive relationship between the extent of credit card usage and occupation and income. Respondents with higher occupational status and income tended to use credit cards to a greater extent than those with lower occupational status and income. Gender, age, marital status, and education were not related to the extent of credit card usage in this study.
No significant differences were found among the demographic characteristics of credit card holders and the level of credit card knowledge, and consumer's choice perspectives. Gender, age, marital status. education, occupation, and income were not related to the level of credit card knowledge and the consumer's choice.
The results revealed that most Thai credit card holders were not knowledgeable about credit card terms. They were clearly influenced by environmental stimuli, and the effects of society and group norms when they applied for a credit card. They generally chose a card with incomplete information about the alternatives.
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Char, Shik-ngor Stephen. "Counterfeit credit card fraud : the process of professionalization and organisation /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13781248.
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Scott, Robert H. Sturgeon James I. "The determinants of default on credit card debt." Diss., UMK access, 2005.
Find full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Economics. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2005."A dissertation in economics and social science consortium." Advisor: James I. Sturgeon. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed June 26, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-161 ). Online version of the print edition.
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Jiang, Saihong. "An investigation of credit card holding, borrowing, and payoff." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1177862213.
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Bayraktaroglu, Hale Nur. "Manipulative Function Of Credit Card Advertisements In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612923/index.pdf.
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This study intends to investigate the role of credit card commercials in the integration of credit cards to the Turkish society and how this integration has affected the concept of consumption in Turkey. While presenting credit cards to the society, commercials establish certain kinds of relationships between people and credit cards, as well as between people and the other commodities in the market. In this respect, they attempt to rationalize the use of credit cards and to get social approval in order to widen credit card spending among society. Exploring the ways commercials attempt to lay the ground for credit card purchasing, the research focuses on the inversion of established values in the Turkish society related with consumption. In this frame, 210 credit card commercials broadcasted on TV over an eight year period are selected and examined through the combined semiological and content analysis. The outcome of the research unveils the role of credit card commercials in the transformation of the idea of consumption in Turkey. In this sense, research demonstrates the socio-cultural affect of commercials in the society.
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Dal, Pozzolo Andrea. "Adaptive Machine Learning for Credit Card Fraud Detection." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/221654.
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Billions of dollars of loss are caused every year by fraudulent credit card transactions. The design of efficient fraud detection algorithms is key for reducing these losses, and more and more algorithms rely on advanced machine learning techniques to assist fraud investigators. The design of fraud detection algorithms is however particularly challenging due to the non-stationary distribution of the data, the highly unbalanced classes distributions and the availability of few transactions labeled by fraud investigators. At the same time public data are scarcely available for confidentiality issues, leaving unanswered many questions about what is the best strategy. In this thesis we aim to provide some answers by focusing on crucial issues such as: i) why and how undersampling is useful in the presence of class imbalance (i.e. frauds are a small percentage of the transactions), ii) how to deal with unbalanced and evolving data streams (non-stationarity due to fraud evolution and change of spending behavior), iii) how to assess performances in a way which is relevant for detection and iv) how to use feedbacks provided by investigators on the fraud alerts generated. Finally, we design and assess a prototype of a Fraud Detection System able to meet real-world working conditions and that is able to integrate investigators’ feedback to generate accurate alerts.Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Dahabiyeh, Laila Ali. "IS security networks in credit card fraud prevention." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/88609/.
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In our increasingly connected world, maintaining the security of information systems is challenging. Today’s interconnected business environment calls for a change in how IS security is achieved to include thinking about the entire networks of relationships involved in preventing threats rather than just focusing on individual organizational security processes. Despite acknowledging the role of distributed and heterogeneous actors in achieving a secure environment, there is a lack of knowledge of how these actors actually prevent security threats. Moreover, the heterogeneity of actors involved gives rise to the issue of incentives needed to align their interests to ensure successful collective security efforts. This PhD thesis addresses these issues by zooming in on security networks, defined as collective efforts pursued by distributed actors to develop and adopt prevention measures to achieve security, to explain how these networks prevent security threats and identify the incentive mechanisms for converging the network’s heterogeneous actors. I challenge equilibrium and linearity assumptions identified in the current literature and argue for the need to adopt different theoretical and methodological approaches to uncover the dynamics in these networks. Through a historical case study of credit card fraud and how its prevention measures evolved over the last 55 years, I develop a process model of prevention encounters in security networks. The model depicts the dynamic and interactive nature of the prevention process and shows how the three proposed prevention mechanisms, namely, proposing solutions, resolving dissonance, and paving the way, interact to achieve prevention. The thesis further proposes three new forms of incentive mechanisms (transformative, preparatory, and captive) that are crucial for the survival of collective security efforts and show how they interact with the three prevention mechanisms. By this, this research complements the current security networks literature by offering a process model that explains how security networks achieve prevention. In addition, the interplay between the three incentive mechanisms reveals that incentives are not only ready-made structures or one-time event as depicted in the current literature but that they should also be seen as a socially dynamic process.
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Mohd, Dali Nuradli Ridzwan. "Islamic credit card users' satisfaction : a comparative study." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/61777/.
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Customer satisfaction (CS) is critical to success in banking. However, there is little agreement on which antecedents can be employed to achieve it. Moreover, in the context of Islamic banking, religiosity plays a major role in affecting customers’ choice of bank and banking satisfaction. In response, this thesis developed an Islamic religiosity scale measurement and an integrated model of customer satisfaction for Islamic credit-card users. In particular, this thesis sought to investigate the role of religiosity and antecedents of Islamic credit-card users’ satisfaction. Furthermore, it presented and discussed empirical findings from mixed methods approach employing semi-structured interviews of seven respondents and an online survey of 560 credit-card users in Malaysia. The study used confirmatory and structural equation modelling to examine the survey data. The findings of this thesis largely support the hypothesised relationships proposed in the theoretical model. Specifically, the results revealed that the functional service quality (FSQ), technical service quality (TSQ) and the religious and ethical service quality (RESQ) are crucial and differ in affecting customer satisfaction. The results also provide strong evidence that religiosity moderates between the antecedents and customer satisfaction. Most importantly, Shari’ah compliance and ethical dimensions (constructs in RESQ) are necessary determinants of Islamic credit-card users’ satisfaction. This thesis contributes to the existing theoretical and practical knowledge by providing, for the first time, an Islamic religiosity scale measurement. Secondly, evidence is presented that religiosity plays a significant contribution towards the customer satisfaction model. Thirdly, the integration of FSQ, TSQ and RESQ creates a comprehensive Islamic customer satisfaction model. Fourthly, since the integrated model involves religious factors (i.e. Shari’ah compliance), religiosity contributes to the variation of customer satisfaction. The inclusion of Shari’ah compliance, ethical dimensions, technology and communication as first order constructs and FSQ, TSQ and RESQ as second order constructs contribute to the body of customer satisfaction and Islamic banking literature. The findings imply the need for the banks to lever on the key antecedents of customer satisfaction, which include Shari’ah compliance and ethical dimensions.
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Nordling, Carl. "Anomaly Detection in Credit Card Transactions using Autoencoders." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280818.
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Money lost in credit card fraud reached approximately 27.85 billion dollars worldwide in 2018. Using machine learning and anomaly detection, fraud detection can be utilised with the goal of solving this major problem. This thesis investigates whether Autoencoders can be used for fraud detection in credit card transaction and if they outperform Random Forest models in terms of AUROC score. Three different models were created: Random Forest, vanilla Autoencoder and LSTM Autoencoder. All models were trained on two different datasets, where the first consisted of real-life data and the second of synthetic data. The LSTM Autoencoder was trained in two different ways on the second dataset. One where data was sorted by time and one where data was sorted by users. A third model was then created combining the two LSTM Autoencoder models. All models were evaluated using accuracy, recall and AUROC. AUROC was the primary metric. The Random Forest model outperform the Autoencoder models on both datasets in terms of AUROC. The AUROC scores were fairly similar on the real-life dataset for all models, with the Random Forest model having the highest AU- ROC score of 0.9258. For the synthethic dataset the Random Forest model got an AUROC score of 0.8508 whilst the Autoencoder models got much lower AUROC scores between 0.6447 and 0.7921. The Autoencoders created in this thesis can be used for anomaly detection in credit card transaction data, but does not necessarily perform well, depending on the data used.Under 2018 förlorades ungefär 27,85 miljarder dollar världen över i kreditkortsbedrägerier. Med hjälp av maskininlärning och anomalidetektion kan detektering av bedrägeri utföras med målet att lösa detta problem. Detta examensarbete undersöker om Autoencoders kan användas för att upp- täcka bedrägerier i kreditkortstransaktioner och om de presterar bättre än Random Forest-modeller evaluerat med AUROC. Tre olika modeller skapades: Random Forest, vanilla Autoencoder och LSTM Autoencoder. Alla modeller tränades på två olika dataset, det första är ett genuint dataset och det andra ett syntetiskt. LSTM Autoencoder tränades på två olika varianter av det andra datasetet. Ett där data sorterades efter tid och ett där data sorterades efter användare. En tredje modell skapades sedan genom att kombinera de två LSTM Autoencoder-modellerna. Alla modeller utvärderades med hjälp av accuracy, recall och AUROC. AUROC var den primära metriken. Random Forest-modellen överträffade Autoencoder-modellerna på båda data- seten i AUROC-poäng. AUROC-poängen var ganska lika på det genuina data- setet för alla modeller, där Random Forest-modellen fick den högsta AUROC- poängen på 0,9258. För det syntetiska datasetet fick Random Forest-modellen en AUROC-poäng på 0,8508 medan Autoencoder-modellerna fick lägre AUROC- poäng mellan 0,6447 och 0,7791. Autoencoder-modellerna som skapats i detta examensarbete kan användas för detektion av avvikelser i kreditkortstransaktioner, beroende på vilken data som används.
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Tzeng, Mei-yuan, and 曾玫苑. "Credit Risk Valuation in Credit Card." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68354668717122244364.
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碩士東吳大學
國際貿易學系
93
Due to the decreasing market shares in corporate finance, domestic banks attempted to develop consumer business including credit card for income smoothing. At the same time, applying for credit card was so easily that it caused credit risk in banks internally. For this reason, the study we engaged in try to investigate the significant explanatory elements of personal bankruptcy. This study evaluated the performance of logistic regression model and multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) in identifying credit card defaulter with the credit card accounts of one bank in Taiwan. To examine the robustness of two models classifications, we cross-validate our results through ten different sets of sample. As the result of this study, the seven explanatory variables which are found to have a significant effect on the probability of credit card default, are (a) sex; (b) educational level; (c) the ownership of house; (d) marriage (e) the time of credit card usage; (f) annual income; (g) the level of deposit. The overall performance of logistic regression model is better than the performance of multiple discrimant analysis. The logistic regression model has higher classification accuracy in comparison to multiple discriminant analysis. And the logistic regression model is more robust in contrast to the multiple discriminant analysis. However, the multiple discriminant analysis outperformed the logistic regression model in minimizing the Type Ι error.
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Cheng, Yen-yi, and 程燕翼. "Credit Card Default Model." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13108035199452557790.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
財務金融研究所
98
In this study, the author classifies Credit Card Default Model into two models, Applicant Model and Behavior Model, according to the time in which the model is implemented. Applicant Model, is adopted when customers apply for credit cards, while Behavior Model is utilized when credit of customers is reviewed, credit lines are adjusted, or the duration of the credit is extended. The process in which Credit Card Default Model is built comprise several steps, such as data collection, data cleaning, factor analysis, and adjustments to the model, etc. This study also probes into the relationship between various factors in credit ranking and default probability, and thus derives model calibration function and rating grade. This study discovered factors in Applicant Model that can differentiate customers who tend to repay from those whose credits would turn delinquent. Among these factors are customers’ basic profiles, records from Joint Credit Information Center and transaction behavior. This study also discovered factors in Behavior Model that can distinguish between those who tend to pay off and those who would fail to follow through their obligations. Among those factors are customers’ transaction behavior, payment records, use of credit lines, balance of revolving credits, and classification of consumption behavior, etc. This study measures customer by 26 grades. The higher the grade, the greater the likelihood of default in the coming one year. Future studies may further develop Loss Given Default Model and Exposure at Default Model. Based on expected loss and minimum capital requirement, loans can be priced more accurately. Various marketing strategies can be targeted at different groups of customers, thus fomenting loyalty among customers. Through the understanding of the relationship between factors and risk in credit cards, banks can identify less risky customer groups, therefore making more profits.
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Wang, Ching-yun, and 王景韻. "The influence of Credit Card Crisis on receivables of credit card issuing organizations." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64547020847067044068.
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碩士國立中正大學
國際經濟所
96
The purpose of this research paper is to analyze the influence of Credit Card Crisis on two kinds of receivables-credit card revolving credit of credit card issuing organizations and cash advance, and to analyze the impact of ”Regulations on the Consumer Bankruptcy Proceeding” on credit card receivables. This paper also studies the development overview of current credit card market, in order to offer reference for credit card issuing organizations on how to improve quality of assets and develop business in the future. Based on the credit card related data on default account, bad account, revolving credit, cash advance, etc. as analytical variables, the empirical study of this research paper is conducted by using Johansen maximum likelihood method to estimate cointegration regression, so as to find out the long-term equilibrium and make analysis. The result of the empirical study shows that the main reason of the Credit Card Crisis is the revolving credit risk of the credit card. “Regulations on the Consumer Bankruptcy Proceeding”, which is aimed for assisting card debt people solving debt problem, causes negative impact on credit card receivables. Another development trend of “M” type is appearing in the business of the global credit card at present. One of the situations is the development of honor grade credit cards, and the other one is credit card for paying small amount. About the business of honor grade credit cards, our country is at the starting stage, expecting to be able to absorb the high-quality holders with the new products, in order to reduce the default risk of account receivable of credit card organizations. As to the development of the card for small amount payments, under present financial regulations, only banks are allowed to issue the multiple-purpose cash storage cards, which is unfavorable to the expanding of the business of electric money and further hinders the group integration of resources. So we should advise government to legislate as soon as possible, moderately open electric money market, and conduct supervision effectively. At present, under the competition of two major international organizations-VISA and MasterCard, all over the world the trend of development for global small amount payments are focus on Visa payWave and MasterCard PayPass-the contactless technology to credit cards combining with traffic tickets. If the financial organization of our country can combine electronic traffic tickets with VISA or MasterCard of contactless technology, which will help to develop internationalized electronic money in the future, reach the goal of “one card travelling the whole world”.
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Chang, Shang-Pin, and 張上彬. "Study on the use behavior of credit card to default of credit card." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a3rfnv.
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碩士國立中央大學
財務金融學系在職專班
107
Any credit business has certain risks, and the credit card business has the characteristics of unsecured mortgage. Therefore, credit card is a high-risk financial product. Therefore, it identifies the influencing factors of credit card default behavior and accordingly defaults on credit card holders. Risk measurement and forecasting will help banks prevent and resolve credit card risks. However, the basic data of credit card, bank access and credit card behavior have a considerable degree of relationship with the occurrence of default. This study is based on the number of credit card circulation card customers of a bank as the parent sample, plus the number of sampled samples of the ratio of 1:1 and 1:3 between the defaulting household and the normal household. The total number of samples is divided into three types of samples; Three types of independent variables, "banking channel" and "swipe habits", there are seven different combinations of independent variables, and the combination of various types of Logis regression model analysis to explore its optimal Logistic regression analysis model, and Confirming those variables is an important factor affecting cardholder defaults.
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Chuang, Tien Ming, and 田明昌. "Discussion On Credit Card And Credit Policy Change." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66950866061662545648.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
金融資訊研究所
99
After Taiwan’s twin card storm in 2005, the regulation authority implemented a series of reform policies to prevent the recurrence of another storm. To examine whether the reform policies did effectively prevent the credit card defaults, this study utilizes logistic regression to find out the factors significantly affecting the default probabilities with credit cards issuance data before and after the storm. The results show that age, career and education significantly affect the default probability before the storm, however, only real estate has significant affect on the credit card default after the storm. This suggests that banks’ credit card issuance policies are rather lease before the storm, but their issuance policies turn to be stricter after the regulation authority’s credit card reform policies.
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Lee, Chen Hung, and 李承鴻. "The Effect of Credit Card Differing Interest Rates Policy on Domestic Credit Card Market." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28697838326184240398.
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WEI, YU KUO, and 余國緯. "The Research on Satisfaction of Credit Card Holder of The Credit Card Extra Services." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11241297793975285572.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
管理學院經營管理碩士學位學程碩士在職專班
101
In this study we studied credit card services provided by the credit card issuer to be the research goal, used questionnaire designed to understand the people who are valuable customer for the bank. In this study we used questionnaire designed to understand the people’s opinions on the service provided on credit card, explore the demand and status from credit card users, and to understand the different feature from credit card users, and to facilitate the relationship between marketing and customer management. Our questionnaire designed include the credit card service element, loyalty, losing behavior, liquidity of trading, and multi-service on the credit card user, and we classify the different sex and income to test each group’s attention level on the credit card service. As the credit card issuing bank to issue credit cards, to develop marketing strategies and improve customer satisfaction, and we propose closer to customer needs or a more attractive product.
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Chen, Hui-Ling, and 陳惠玲. "The Influence of Credit Card Reward Program to Middle Class Credit Card Holder’s Preference." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cpewzy.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
工業工程與管理系EMBA班
97
Staring from early 2008, the subprime mortgage crisis has been causing serious damage to the US fiancial market and its impact has been spread to the entire world. Taiwan, as an important trading partner with most of the countries in the world, is inevitably been impacted due to its export-driven economy nature. Under this circumstance, consumers began to control their expense and use their money more wisely. Meanwhile, it is found that they behaved to start to use their credit card bonus credit in exchange for daily household goods instead of luxuious goods. In this study, in order to check out how general customers behave on credit card based consumption, we focused on analyzing whether there is any difference among Taiwan credit card holders’ preference for credit card reward program. We took daily household goods as the target of this research. Two variables are applied to this study: (1) The level of alliance(including homogenius/ hetrogenius alliance) ; (2) The tenor for bonus credit accumulation event. Both descriptive statistic and logistic regression are used, and the SPSS12.0 is processed as the analytic tool. The result shows that credit card holders would prefer shopping more daily household goods than other products in two situations: a. The alliance level between banks and retailers is low; b. The event for credit bonus accumulation is in fixed period type.
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"Third age: credit card profile." Tese, MAXWELL, 2006. http://www.maxwell.lambda.ele.puc-rio.br/cgi-bin/db2www/PRG_0991.D2W/SHOW?Cont=9443:pt&Mat=&Sys=&Nr=&Fun=&CdLinPrg=pt.
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Lin, Yuang, and 林元. "Credit Card and Money Demand." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08381016546493935608.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
經濟學系
85
This thesis is based on the data from the first quarter of 1985 to the fourth quarter of 1996 in Taiwan to analyze the function of money demand. It is stated that the use of credit cards is in negative relation to money demand if the variable of credit is added to the function. It has the most influence on currency demand, on mlb secondly and then on the demand deposit of saving and m2. The influnce on the quasi money is not distinugished according to statistics. The inlfuence of credit cards on money is shown the change in the structure of saving, making the money of high liquidity and low return rate decrease. The money function shows the better ability of forcasting when it includes the variable of credit cards.
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Pereira, Sara Barradas. "Modelling credit card customer behaviour." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/72311.
Full textAbstract:
Work Project presented as a partial requirement for Degree of Master of Statistics and Information
Management, with a specialization in Information Analysis and ManagementCredit cards have great influence over consumers’ daily lives, mainly because they provide functionalities that other financial products do not. Studies have been performed in order to research over which are the best clients. To put it in other words, which clients spend more money with credit cards. The aim of this study is to understand the behavior of a credit card consumer depending on whether they do or not many payment transactions with a huge amount of money. With this objective a logistic regression model was investigated, based on many potential explanatory variables (sociodemographic variables, customer profile in the company and customer profile in Banco de Portugal). Several diagnosis tests and goodness of fit tools were used to select the final model, which allows to forecast the client type behavior based on 10 variables. Results show that clients who live in Central North and Central region of Portugal, who have Plafond between 1500 and 9000 euros, who are homemaker or student, who receive cashback and who have seniority in the company between 32 and 84 days ago are the best clients for our case study. We expect that with the proposed model, the company1 will know how to appropriately manage each specific client and its needs.
Os cartões de crédito têm uma grande influência no dia-a-dia dos consumidores, principalmente porque fornecem benefícios que outros produtos financeiros não oferecem. Alguns estudos foram realizados com o objetivo de pesquisar quais são os melhores clientes. Por outras palavras, quais são os clientes que gastam mais dinheiro com a utilização do cartão de crédito. O objetivo deste estudo é entender o comportamento de um consumidor de cartão de crédito, dependendo se ele faz ou não muitos pagamentos de transações e se os mesmos são de elevado valor. Com este objetivo, foi proposto um modelo de Regressão Logística com base em potenciais variáveis explicativas (como por exemplo variáveis sociodemográficas, perfil do cliente na empresa2 e perfil do cliente no Banco de Portugal). Diversos testes de diagnóstico e ferramentas de “goodness of fit” foram utilizados para selecionar o modelo final, o que permitiu prever o comportamento do tipo de cliente com base em 10 variáveis. Os resultados mostram que os clientes que vivem na região Centro Norte e Centro de Portugal, que têm Plafond entre 1500 e 9000 euros, que são donas de casa ou estudantes, que recebem cashback e que têm uma antiguidade na empresa entre 32 e 84 dias são os melhores clientes para o nosso caso estudo. Esperamos que, com o modelo proposto, a empresa saiba como acompanhar adequadamente cada cliente e as suas necessidades.
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Chang, Jung-chang, and 簡榮樟. "The Influence of Credit Card Reward Programs on the Usage Behaviors of Credit Card Holders." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v52k99.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
企業管理學系研究所
102
The thesis mainly explores the influence of credit card reward programs on the usage behaviors and loyalty of credit card holders, and analyzes the interference degree of impulsivity traits for credit card reward programs on the usage behaviors and loyalty of credit card holders. The thesis use the Internet questionnaires, people interviews and paper questionnaires to collect data, and T-test and ANOVA using SPSS version 22 for analysis of test the influence of credit card reward programs on the usage behaviors and loyalty of credit card holders and detect the interference effects of impulsivity traits. We have three important conclusions below： 1.The different “credit card reward programs” would impact “usage behaviors and loyalty of credit card holders”. 2.The different “impulsivity traits” would interfere “the influence of credit card reward programs on the usage behaviors and loyalty of credit card holders”. 3.The different credit card reward programs, the usage behaviors of credit card holders would impact loyalty.
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Tsai, Yi-Hen, and 蔡宜衡. "The Study of Combo Card Crime(combine ATM Card & Credit Card)." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16068530228050989692.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東吳大學
法律學系
97
ATM and credit card has became the most commonly used payment method in our everyday life to replace the cash payment. Wherefore, it is very common that tort-feasors using these modern financial products as the media to commit their crimes. Before the law reform act in 2002, we have very limited regulation towards financial crime using ATM/credit cards as the media. As the result, Taiwan became the target of International criminal groups. Although the situation has been improved after the Law Reform act in 2002, this thesis will argue the appropriateness to categorize ATM/credit cards as “negotiable securities” because of the criminal act policy. There is in-depth discussion at Chapter 2 for this issue. Before investigating the criminal responsibility of credit card fraud, we have to study the relationship of each parties and contract policy under civil law to understand who should be responsible for payment when the crime is committed base on the blind spot of ATM/Credit card system. By doing this, we can ensure at further discussion on investigating criminal responsibilities would not go against the current financial practice. We will discuss the relationships of each parties and the policy of compensation for damage at Chapter 3. As a nation with adopted law system, most of our regulation has been adopted or referenced the regulation from advanced countries and our laws reappraise act bases on the comparison with other countries that has similar regulations to determine the benefit or disadvantage of the current laws. In chapter 4, we will discuss in-depth on the benefit and disadvantage of current laws in Japan, Germany and United State of America. In Chapter 5 as the core of this thesis, we will discuss each type of financial crime committed with ATM/Credit card and its related positive law regulation, the resolving dispute, the foreign punishment and the declaration of dubious legal provision base on the view of this thesis. As the summary in chapter 6, there is the suggestion to current laws with reason of legislation to provide reference for future lawmakers in their legislating act.
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Lin, shui-mu, and 林水木. "The study on contract of credit card and debt problem of credit card in our country." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37383733407704598871.
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碩士國立高雄大學
法律學系碩士班
96
A procedure is What this thesis is developed is because of the trade shape of using the credit card, has very already formed the consumption mainstream too generally in the modern society, our country emerges in an endless stream too about the consumption question of the credit card in recent years, it is having abundant resources like economically advantage that general consumers are facing, and issue credit card of advantage at the organization, issue credit card organization adopt person who finalize the design agreement standardize holders in law, make consumers often in quite unfavorable status, issue the credit card organization when authorize the credit card, do not assess the credit card applicant scrupulously and repay the ability of a debt of the credit card after paying by credit card to consume, cause the social concern, this text expects consumers can set up correct consumption idea, is it hold credit card people understand credit card debt how about produce to let; How to solve, how should the government department get involved, the goal of reaching the credit card debt and consulting, by preventing the unfortunate social concern from producing. Because the pressure based on business competition of the bank, and it is influenced that the domestic economy is prosperous, issue as to credit card credit card business become bank income important financial one of immediately, so the bank is to the target who applies for the credit card, the credit card of excessive issue floats and not seek the letter homework well to the limit, it is not looked on as that afterwards creditor's rights are transfered or press for credit card holder and his relative outside the committee, and cause the so-called suicidal incident that ' the credit card is enslaved ' to be flat and keep pouring in. Bank seek letter float excessive issue credit card, just the origin of the issue really, cause credit card enslave issue can legal to agree on interest rate collect the great amount of circulation interest to consumers at most really, and collect various kinds of item service charges, make consumers fall into the circulation predicament of the credit card debt. And issue the credit card bank and feel reassured and emboldened on account of the support, say meaninglessly this is that have not violated the legal provisions on the basis of the free principle of the agreement. Therefore, the finalizing the design agreement of credit card has already become the best excuse for pressing consumers of issuing mechanism of the credit card, so long as propose on the basis of the free principle of the agreement, if consumers are unwilling to continue using the credit card, can cut the card stop the agreement, consumers have seemed to have no leeway to contradict. The purpose that this thesis studies, namely hope whether can have the key link limitlessly with the demarcation line of the free principle of the agreement first, and then enter the finalizing the design agreement theory to probe into the content of the finalizing the design agreement of credit card at present, and unreasonable about fund contract terms exist have those, use credit card pay by credit card where it will be legal questions produced after consuming, because legal problem this produce social concern should how solve, that is to say settlement, credit card of debt problem, the social concern produced to the debt problem of the current credit card, how accuses of managing the government department, hope to propose one's own view to discuss how to solve the debt problem of the credit card finally. This thesis divides into seven chapters altogether, chapter one introduction, range and structure of motive and purpose and research of sketching this text and studying. Chapter two probe into the finalizing the design agreement of credit card, cut from the finalizing the design agreement theory first, and then discuss whether the finalizing the design agreement of credit card violate the effect of good custom and equal principle of the common preface to control, the third rule and regulation discuss operation way and his legal relation of credit card, emphasis point hold credit card legal relation and his rights and obligations under people on credit card organization of issuing. Chapter four discuss the credit card and consume the main dispute that the agreement produces, it therefore produce credit card about consumption lawsuit last result not legal, but the legal question emerges to guide. Chapter five discuss to the formulation of the debt problem of the credit card, was it the accusing of being in charge of the question of personal risk that was probed into? Issue organization's risk of the credit card and accuse of being in charge of going wrong? Is the circulation interest rate rational? Who issue the credit card organization and sell credit card debt? Why did creditor's rights buy and sell the legal relation? How chapter six that discuss is for government accuse of not managing, divided into; How should the financial supervision administration bureau of the administrative department act the role, how should the legislature legislate to solve the debt problem of the credit card, court for contract termses that are unreasonable how 's functions and powers get involved,how contentious procedure costs go on, by achieving the purpose of consumers' best procedure guarantee. Chapter seven a conclusion; Expect there is the best scheme solved on the debt problem of the credit card in the government organs.
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Wang, Li-No, and 王莉娜. "A Study on Competitive Advantages of Credit Card Acquirer-The Case of National Credit Card Center." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r72qx5.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
高階經營碩士班
106
Many financial institutions started their credit card acquiring business in recent years, and they competed at low prices which seriously affected the commission revenue from merchants in Taiwan. This essay presents a case study about the National Credit Card Center (NCCC) and it will analyze how the NCCC provides differentiated services to improve its competitive advantage by using exclusive resources and core competence in order to avoid long-term price competition in this excessively competitive credit card acquiring business industry. Moreover, because of the unique position of the NCCC and by using its core competence, this essay will also analyze how it expanded new channels and implemented innovative applications by following the government policy “Program to Double E- Payment Usage Ratio within Five Years”. The structure of this essay will be from a Resource-Based View to survey the internal resources and competence of the NCCC. Through the optimal allocation of internal resources, the NCCC develops diverse credit card transaction functionality providing additional value for its clients. In the meantime, the organization will formulate a strategy to maintain the leading position in the credit card acquiring business industry by using its competitive advantage. The essay utilizes qualitative research methods, including collecting secondary data and conducting in-depth interviews and obtaining analyses from senior executives of the NCCC, clients (merchants), and other acquirers on the topics such as core competence, competitive advantage, strategies and so on. The conclusions of this essay are as follows: There are intact merchant channels and strong relationships with merchants. Senior executives provide insight on trends and changes in the market. The NCCC provides long-term training for employees which provides knowledge and experience of the industry. Based on the analysis conducted for this essay the NCCC should be able to carry out the government’s policy. The NCCC sustains long-term growth and creates a competitive advantage by taking opportunities and using available resources to launch different applicable platforms to meet market expectations. These create a distinctive advantage which creates value for clients as well as maintains a leading position in this highly competitive market, but not through adopting low pricing strategies. Finally, even though 70% of all transactions are “cash transactions”, if all other acquirers can allocate available resources and adjust their strategies according to their core competence, the long-term development of the credit card acquiring business and the electronic payment industry as a whole, is still optimistic.
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Hu, Shu-Mei, and 胡淑媚. "Relationships Between Credit Card Revolving Credit Balance and Macroeconomic Variables." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54606224849325288803.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
農業經濟學研究所
95
This thesis aims to examine the relationships credit card revolving balance and macroeconomic variables, and to investigate the macroeconomic variables to verify the effects of macroeconomic variable on credit card revolving balance. This thesis is based on monthly data in Taiwan from February 1998 through December 2006. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root tests analysis has been employed to examine if the stationary of study variables, Vector Auto-regression (VAR) model is then utilized to analyze the relationships between credit card revolving credit balance and macroeconomic variables. Finally, Impulse Response Function and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition have been applied to extract the short term impacts of macroeconomic variables on credit card revolving credit balance. The major finding of the study is Consumer Debt Negotiation Mechanism could be to control the expanding and decelerate the increasing of credit card revolving balance.
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Ho, Chun-Yi, and 何俊億. "Constructing Credit Loan Forecasting Model By Using Credit Card Database." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02785724926430168264.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
101
The main purpose of this study is to construct credit loan forecasting model based on the database of customer transaction history, it could help banks to execute timely marketing approach to those who are highly demanding of credit loan. Through interaction with customers, we can find out the target customers to launch marketing mix to improve profit margins. And the types of data contain customer demographic variables and credit card transaction records. We analyze customer value through two indices by past transactions and assume different customer transaction behavioral variables to fit the model to see which variable does really have a significant influence of credit loan applying. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the potential reasons why customer would apply credit loan. In the choice of constructing probability forecasting model, we use logistic and probit model and thus compare the credit loan hit rate of both.
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Chao, chu hsiang, and 趙菊香. "Study the Taiwan Credit Card and Cash Card Lending Crisis." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67408282695541485756.
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碩士國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程
94
Credit card market, driven by foreign banks and local new banks, had been boosting from 1991 to 2005 derived from GDP growth, hike of foreign exchange reserves, laws ease up, and government policies creating friendlier environment to boost consumer spending. In the same time, banks’ credit policies were loosened due to fierce competition among credit card issuers, issuances of cash card and integrated unsecured loan led by sales and marketing. Given the situation of over-banking and competition in credit card market, consumers overspent under the consistent economy recession triggered credit crunch for credit card and cash card, so called “Credit card and cash card lending crash”. This research intends to search for the root of this credit crunch by investigating the history of the growth of credit card business and issuance of cash card of major players in the market. Furthermore, this research also evidences the concluded root reasons by analyzing the important information reported to FSC by all the banks. The conclusions of the investigation are as follows: 1. Banking industry overemphasized on business growth so the related risks were not properly and timely controlled by simplifying application procedures and increasing credit lines hoping to enhance number of customers and strengthen customers’ loyalty. 2. Banking industry ignored the percentage of customers’ real income and liability while expanding their business rapidly. It further deepened the delinquency ratio and card issuers wrote off enormous amount of bad debts when credit crunch happened. 3. Debt Negotiation Plan (DNP) led by government enabled banks to set up “Standard Operation Procedures” (SOP) which helped banks to resume their card business back to normal. The success ratio of DNP is increasing gradually. The future of credit card market all depends on how banking industry, consumers, and government deal with the issues on consumer unsecured loans.
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LIN, JYUN-HAO, and 林峻皓. "The Study of Credit Card Crime." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8vw763.
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HO, Hsia, and 何俠. "Data Mining for Credit Card System." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70781907872939214826.
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碩士淡江大學
資訊工程學系
88
In the current commerce environment, all transactions must be dependent on computer what can process a large number of data quickly and correctly. Moreover, to enhance enterprise''s competition ability, we can find out some hidden regularity from trade data by computer techniques. For example, by consume mart is flourishing in our country, the trade behavior had kept up with advanced country gradually. To using credit card is more popular than to using cash or check. We can foresee that the trade behavior of using credit card should be very important medium at consume mart in the future ；The subject of this case is to analyze credit card data. We grub the regularities of the trade behavior by using the technology of machine learning, OLAP, Data Mining, and show the information we got with simply line up grammar or diagram. We hope that the information is useful for making decision what could decrease risk, cost and increase profit.
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Lee, Shao-Lun, and 李紹綸. "Data Mining for Credit Card System." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42047711198378586530.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
資訊工程學系
87
Data mining is very important for knowledge acquisition. By data mining, we can filter out insignificant information and hidden messages from the massive data, and therefore see the long-term trend. According to a study by Meta Group, over 70% of Fortune’s top 1000 enterprises are conducting data mining to organize the company’s database. The sorted information offers as important reference in executive decision-making process. In a research aiming at data mining users, the result shows that a successful data mining’s investment return rate is 300% to 600%. The role in increasing enterprise’s competition power is crucial. This thesis is proposed by using Decision Tree and Classification Rules to obtain significant information from the database. The information is further analyzed to become consistent rules, and then knowledge. There are two parts to this thesis. The first part is based on C4.5 Algorithms. The Classes field and Properties field of the chosen information are taken from the database. The result of the analogy are expressed with the if-then-else method or clear tree diagrams. The second part is mainly statistics, which are classified through SQL command, and charted out to present knowledge. The case study of this thesis is developed by Visual Basic and Visual C++ program language. Credit card holders are the targets. The credit card data is carefully studied and in result we understand customer behaviors.
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LI, JUN-HAN, and 李俊翰. "Credit Card Rating Using Fuzzy-SVM." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63402572600011258871.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
資訊管理研究所碩士班
101
Since 1991 the Ministry of finance liberalization of the credit card market, many banks gradually relaxed credit policies. The result is financial industry losses consecutive for two years and caused the dual-card debt in Taiwan. Credit crisis is not only in Taiwan, there has similar problem around the world. Although it occured at different time, but also shows potential problems with using credit card.The goal of this thesis is to construct a system for financial institution for credit card rating. The Fuzzy-SVM (Fuzzy Support Vector Machine) is used to verify credit card and filter ill-credible customer.
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YIN, JIA-BAO, and 殷加寶. "The Motivation of Credit Card Holdings." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16314087638482888998.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東吳大學
國際經營與貿易學系
103
The Taiwan credit card market has entered the mature period, each issuer has limited profit on the credit card business, with the approached of multi-cards time , in addition to trying to make the card more useful for comsumer, each issuer should issue credit cards that are more appropriate for consumer demand, it will improve the effectiveness of the use of the card. This research mainly discusses on what the original applying motivation factors of credit card holdings are, accordind to “living surface”, “financial surface”, “identification surface” and “involuntary surface” and so on four surface, further understood the differences along the motivation of credit card holdings, the impact of selected variables include: discounts on food consumption or get store gift, promotion activities and discounts on the department store, may not need to carry the massive cashes when traveling, online shopping payment becomes more convenient, enjoy cash back or direct discounts as the amount of credit card spending, using a credit card can bring benefits for life and thus enhance the value and other variables. Empirical process utilizes Delphi method, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to explore the main impact of variables on the motivation of credit card holdings. According to the empirical results, the most important impact for the motivation of credit card holdings is “living surface” variable, the next are “financial surface” and “identification surface”, therefore, issuers could adopt appropriate measures for the the top three surface, it will increase the credit card business profit effectively, especially cooperating with the catering industry, department Stores, internet mall, and cinema. Providing cash back or direct discounts as the amount of credit card spending, bonus points, and payment by installments. Increasing the value of credit cards and enhancing bank’s brand image.
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Su, Pei-Chun, and 蘇佩君. "The Study of Credit Card Crime." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98672331976835916995.
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碩士中原大學
財經法律研究所
90
Abstract With the modernization of society and the coming of cashless era, credit card is becoming more and more pervasive. In this vein, if no complete crime prevention mechanism is established, the convenience realized by credit card can be manipulated by criminals as a tool of fraud, increasing the ratio of credit card crime and the financial loss. In order to secure the consumption security of card holders, and promote the economic development in our country, it is necessary to conduct a study focusing on the reasons causing the increasingly rampant credit card crimes, and propose a set of appropriate and effective solutions. This thesis contains five chapters. Chapter 1 presents the introduction, explaining the research motivation, research goal, research methodology, and the research constraints. Chapter 2 presents the credit card transaction system in our country, elaborating the concepts of credit cards, in terms of its definition, function, and its legal status. Furthermore, this chapter also introduces the process of credit card interaction in our country, the legal relations between involved parties, and the current condition of credit card interaction, in order to provide fundamental understanding of credit card usages and interactions. Chapter 3 presents the current condition of credit card crimes, the analysis of credit card crime factors, and the factual behaviors of credit card crimes. In this chapter, there is a list concerning the ratio of current credit card data in our country, indicating the seriousness of credit card crimes and its rough trend in our country. This chapter also analyzes the causing factors of credit card crime, which has results in large loss in our country. In order to provide an object reference of crime responsibility judgment and an effective solving method, the final section of this chapter discusses the intrinsic characteristics of credit cards, and their association with economic crime. Chapter 4 presents the types of credit card crime and their responsibility in terms of criminal laws. This chapter is the major focus of this essay, and introduces the card-related laws of several countries, including two other Civil Law countries as our country, Japan and Germany, the origin country of credit card system, U.S., and our neighboring countries. Furthermore, this chapter provides several case studies, inflecting each type of credit card crime, and application of criminal liability. The final section of this chapter discusses and analyzes the deficiencies of the legal systems of our country and other countries, according to which more reasonable and complete suggestions can be proposed. Chapter 5 presents the conclusion of this thesis, including the credit card crime prevention methods and other relative suggestions. This thesis proposes detailed improvement suggestions toward credit card companies, special authorized stores, card holders and governments. On the other hand, the major point of this chapter is intending to propose a suggestion of adding and amending laws, with the hope that, through necessary and complete law enforcement and requirement, the credit card interaction can be ordered and stabilized, and the credit card crime can be decreased.
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Yen, Yuh Mei, and 葉玉梅. "Consumer Behavior of Credit Card Holders." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25868000440695356211.
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CHIU, YUEH-CHIAO, and 邱月嬌. "The Study of the Default Risk Factors of Credit Card in Financial Industry after Credit Card Storm." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w2crv6.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
企業管理研究所
105
This study uses a quarterly basis of 28 domestic and foreign banks obtained from September 2001 to September 2016 and the applies the Panel Data of the fixed and random effect model for an empirical research. Discussion on issuing banks after the financial industry turmoil in 2007, This paper focuses on the relationship between credit card business indexes and default risks. Further,it subdivides the credit card business into seven specifications such as Total, Financial Holding Company, Non-Financial Holding Company, Valid Card Number above or below 250,000 and the Average Amount of Consumption per Card above or below NTD7,000 This work analyzes the impacts of credit card business indexes on the overdue loan ratio and allowance for bad debt coverage. By adding a speed adjustment coeffticient. the differences of speed adjustment for each specification of overdue loans and allowance for bad debt coverage will be measured. The empirical results show that the number of valid cards, the monthly credit card cancellation, revolving credit balances, revolving credit growth rates, the credit card interest income/total interest income were positively correlated with the overdue loan ratio. However, the monthly credit card issued was negatively correlated with the overdue loan ratio . It is because that the sample is affected by the subprime crisis on April 2007. The banking sector tended to more conservative offering the loans which indirectly led to decline the overdue loan ratio. The results of monthly credit card issued, revolving credit balances, the monthly advanced cash amount, and the revolving credit growth rate were positively correlated with the allowance for bad debt coverage. On the other hand, the monthly credit card cancellation and the monthly credit card bill were negatively correlated with the allowance for bad debt coverage. To analyze speed adjust ment, this study reveals that the speed adjusement coefficient is faster than others for the specification of the average amount of consumption per credit card less than NTD7,000. This indicates that the bank may quickly reach the expected allowance for bad debt coverage. However, the specification of valid card number below 250,000 cards shows the smallest speed adjustment coefficient. This means that it is relatively slow to get the expected overdue loan ratio for the banks.
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Lo, Wen-Chi, and 羅文綺. "A Study of Predicting the Credit Risk of Credit Card Portfolio." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46937441917252490607.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
經營管理研究所
90
With the hot competition credit card market, and the issues of ABS (asset-backed securities) ,M&A (merge and acquisition) and the researches of VaR is raised, the risk management of credit card portfolio has become an critical problem to survive and be profited. This thesis attempt to integrate the concept of risk metrics developed by J.P Morgan bank (1994) and Smith & Lawrence (1996) researches and develop an dynamic model of the portfolio of credit card loan which can be used practically .The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate credit card portfolio prediction performance under customer’s profiles. We sampled randomly the monthly data sets of thirty five thousand credit card accounts form a credit card issuer dating from October 2000 to October 2001. The data sets include information form cardholders’ credit applications, monthly transactions, credit limits, balances, and detailed delinquent information. The dominated research methods included multinomial logistic regression and Markov chain. The evidence result shows that the fitting of model and the validation of the model are both well. The predicted accuracy of observed individuals reaches 86% and the prediction error of portfolio is below 4.7%.
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LIN, HUNG-JEN, and 林泓人. "Relationships Between Credit Card Revolving Credit Balance and Consumer Price Index." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35977802182038621663.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
管理學院碩士在職專班
104
The study period is monthly data from Jan, 2010 to June, 2015, We use cointegration test, vector autoregression model to discuss the relation between Taiwan revolving credit balance of credit card and consumer price index. The empirical result shows that there is only synchronized positive relation between revolving credit balance of credit card and consumer price index, but there is no leading or behind relations.
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LIN, Chih-Chian, and 林志強. "Credit Card Debt Relief Program Default Risk Model Building and Application----The Case of Domestic Credit Card Issuer." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59132481606776365802.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
國際財務金融碩士在職專班
98
This study is to analyze the factors contributing to the credit card default from the cases of the bank’s payment plan, to construct the model of default prediction, and to ensure the stability and accuracy of related models by using the Logistic Model. The results from the model evaluation will be transferred into Score Bank in the hope of introducing them into the practical application of credit card collection management. Hence, the foundations of the model development are based upon risk variables investigated by academic research as well as bank’s internal data and external credit information. The main findings and conclusions are described as follows: First, there are thirty-four risk variables clearly proved to affect the default of debt counseling, such as the 41-60 age group of card holders, residence area in the north and midland and south of Taiwan, male card holders, senior high school as the educational levels of card holders, delinquent status in debt counseling from 90 to 150 days, plans of debt negotiation from 1 to 24, 49 to 84 installments, free interest rate for debt counseling, payments for debt negotiation less than one thousand NT dollars, the duration of holding a credit card measuring from one to four years, annual income ranging from NT500,000 to NT2,000,000, possessing several credit cards at a time or even more than 10, total unsecured loan amount ranging between NT500,000 and NT2,000,000, DTI 41~50 times, using cash cards. Second, this study conducts several trials to enhance the credibility and stability of the Logistic Model. Logistic Model’s accuracy of prediction reaches 64.84% and slightly decreases in 0.84% for Out of Sample Testing. Hosmer- Lemeshow Goodness of fit index and Wald examination both live up to the standard. K-S value, the index of discrimination, achieves the middle level at 31%. Third, the related factors that Logistic Model generate will practice the probability transform and enter the simultaneous equations to produce the distribution of variables and credit evaluation. This study has initially divided credit card customers into five risk variables to suit different customer segmentations and proved to be applicable to the credit card collection management.
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Lin, Helen, and 林靜慧. "Study on the consumer credit crisis in Taiwan - An Analysis of the credit card and cash card crisis." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61646088258344413828.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立政治大學
國際經營管理碩士班(IMBA)
96
Abstract Taiwan has suffered a credit crisis on unsecured lending products that began at the end of 2005. The default on credit cards and cash card products have incurred almost 300 billion NT dollars to be written off during the period from October 2005 to the end of 2007, hitting the highest amount of none-performing loans (NPL) for Taiwan’s plastic payment history. This thesis gives a comprehensive account on the development of credit cards and cash card products, while cross–examining their relation to (1) the over-banking phenomena, (2) the over-lending with proliferation of unsecured lending products, and (3) the stressed economy, and, in the end, provides my recommendation for unsecured consumer financial product development in Taiwan.
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Yu-Ju, Wang, and 王玉茹. "Data mining in classification of credit card customer- empirical results from a credit card issuing bank in Taipei." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92810971462067834321.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
管理學研究所
98
As the competition among banks providing credit card service is getting more and more serious, how to effectively differentiate revolving customers with transactors has become a very important task as the revolving customers can provide huge amount of interest incomes to the issuing banks. More and more efforts have been contributed to effectively detect revolving customers in order to provide better marketing and managerial strategies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of classifying customers into revolving customers and transaction customers using three commonly adopted data mining techniques, namely, discriminant analysis, logistic regression, and artificial neural networks. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the three proposed approaches, classification tasks are performed on credit card customer dataset from one local bank in Taipei. Analytic results demonstrated that artificial neural networks outperform traditional discriminant analysis and logistic regression approaches in terms of classification accuracy and misclassification costs and hence provide efficient alternative in predicting customers’ pattern in using credit cards.
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Yu, Ming-Han, and 游名翰. "The Credit Risk Research of Cash Card." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/czaq6a.
Full textAbstract:
碩士銘傳大學
經濟學系碩士在職專班
94
For the cash card business, it is very difficult to control well the information of client as the borrowers (debtors) are between good and bad credit, also do not offer any collateral. Besides, in order to maintain visibility amid stiff competition and extend the business, the bank issued and stressed the number of cash cards simply and quickly. This way not only increases the probability of credit risks and the amount of uncollected account (bad debt), but also corrodes the profit of the bank, So, it is very important to react customer''s credit risk degree immediately and do a good prevention of the risk in advance. This research chooses seven parameters which influence the cash card: gender, age, and marital status, type of occupation, housing of ownership, average annual income, and any current credit with financial institution. We use the cross table analysis, samples T-Test and finally logistic regression analyses within the subjects to study the impact of these seven factors on cash card. We find 4 parameters - type of occupation, housing of ownership, average annual income, and any current credit with financial institution which are significant difference with the overdue cash card. Among the analyses, the payback are not easily overdue for soldiers, public servants, teachers and employees than taxi drivers and housewives; the payback are not easily overdue for the borrowers with housing of ownership than without housing of ownership; the payback are not easily overdue for the borrowers with higher annual income than with lower annual income; the payback are not easily overdue for the borrowers who have current credit with financial institution than no current credit with financial institution. We set up a model for credit risk and risk assessment via logistic regression analyses as following: Z =-0.904 + 0.19* type of occupation + 0.424* housing of ownership - 0.829* annual income - 0.953* any current credit with financial institution And the most important and significant factors is the borrowers have correct credit with financial institution or not, the next factor is annual income, and then is the housing of ownership or not, the finally factor is type of occupation. The financial institution can offer the different weighted method to the model of credit risk and risk assessment as per above importance.