Relevant bibliographies by topics / Credit policy of bank

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Credit policy of bank'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Credit policy of bank"

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D., Ayodele Thomas, and Raphael O. Alabi. "The Impact of Credit Policy on the Performance of Nigerian Commercial Banks." International Finance and Banking 1, no. 2 (2014): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ifb.v1i2.6808.

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The major financial intermediary in any economy is the bank. As financial intermediaries, banks provide means by which funds can be transferred from the surplus unit of the economy to the deficit unit. This role is performed primarily through the acceptance of deposits of different categories and characteristics for onward lending to the numerous customers by way of loans and credits. The study tries to access the impact of credit policy on the performance of Nigerian Commercial Banks using Zenith Bank Plc as case study. Primary data were collected through questionnaires served on sixty (60) r
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Dawood, Taufiq Carnegie. "Monetary Policy, Foreign Interest Rate impact on Indonesian Bank Credit." JEJAK 11, no. 2 (2018): 338–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v11i2.16056.

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This study adds to the economic knowledge by presenting proof based on data for Indonesia, on the consequence to credit provided by domestic banks, due to changes of monetary policy and foreign rates of interest. The subject matter is important for Indonesia because about 88 percent of its overall financing to the private sector in Indonesia are provided by domestic banks through credit channels. Consequently fluctuations of bank credit have significant impact on Indonesia’s financial system’s stability. Applying the Structural VAR method, the current study found that credit channeled by domes
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KARPOVA, T. S. "THE ESSENCE OF THE CREDIT POLICY OF BANKS WITH FOREIGN CAPITAL AND THE PECULIARITIES OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION." Herald of Kiev Institute of Business and Technology 42, no. 4 (2019): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37203/kibit.2019.42.08.

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In our country the question of developing a credit policy remains important and paramount, so far there is no single answer to it. The article proposes the point of view of scientists on the concept of "credit policy", which is a system of principles established by the central bank and the state in the credit sphere with the purpose of regulating the credit process in banks. Credit policy should form the content of the loan portfolio and establish standards for making credit decisions, it is analyzed its direction. The principles of balanced credit policy, as well as its main stages, are syste
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Feng, Tongyue, Jiexiang Xu, Zehan Zhou, and Yilang Luo. "How Green Credit Policy Affects Commercial Banks' Credit Risk?" Journal of Cases on Information Technology 26, no. 1 (2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.333858.

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The green credit policy has significantly influenced the growth of green industries in China. This study evaluates its impact on reducing bank credit risk using data from 26 Chinese banks from 2015 to 2021. The authors discovered that the policy's primary effect is linked to banks' financial leverage. Notably, green credit's influence on insolvency risk is most evident in leverage risk. However, despite governmental support for green credit collaboration, prevalent information gaps between banks and green enterprises lead to misjudgments and subsequent credit losses. To address the balance bet
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Ademokoya, Alade Ayodeji, Mubaraq Sanni, Lukman Adebayo Oke, and Segun Abogun. "Impact of Monetary Policy on Bank Credit in Nigeria." Journal of Accounting Research, Organization and Economics 3, no. 3 (2020): 196–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jaroe.v3i3.17879.

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Objective – The aim of this study is to examine the impact of monetary policy on credit creation ability of banks in Nigeria. Specifically, it investigates the impact of monetary policy rate, money supply, liquidity ratio, and change in maximum lending rate on bank credit in Nigeria. Design/methodology – A monthly time series data from 2007-2019 were sourced from the Central Bank’s of Nigeria statistical bulletin. The sourced data was subjected to multiple regression analysis using the fully modified ordinary least square regression to estimate the parameters of the model. Results – Findings r
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Amalia, Sopira Qori, and Suriani Suriani. "Do Interest Rate Policy and Liquidity Effect on Banking Credit Risk in Indonesia?" Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi 12, no. 1 (2023): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i1.27119.

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Lending plays a vital role for banks as a source of income from deposits or interest paid by debtors. This study aims to analyze the effect of policy interest rates and liquidity from the money supply on bank credit risk in Indonesia in the short and long term. This study uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag method and the Granger Causality test as analytical tools. The data used are policy interest rates, total money supply, and total non-performing loans. The data period under study is 2017-2022. The study results show that in the short term, policy interest rates and the money supply neg
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Utari, Fenti, and Viverita Viverita. "The Effect of Credit Risk and Bank Size on Bank Profitability in Indonesia Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic." Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE) 7, no. 3 (2024): 8310–33. https://doi.org/10.31538/iijse.v7i3.5956.

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This study empirically examines the effect of credit risk using a new measure that is influenced by stimulus policy in Indonesia and bank size on the profitability of Indonesian banks during the Covid-19 pandemic. It employed the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) Dynamic Model to obtain an overview of the effectiveness of the relaxation policy in maintaining the profitability of Indonesian banks. The stimulus policy by the regulator during the COVID-19 pandemic changed the credit risk calculation and this research contributed by using credit risk measurement adjusted to the stimulus policy b
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Ивченко, Юлия, and Yuliya Ivchenko. "Company credit policy as a factor in its effective and long-term development." Russian Journal of Management 2, no. 3 (2014): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/10590.

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The scientific and practical publications and regulatory sources for essence credit policy of the firm are analyzed. Based on the analysis it was concluded that there is no unified approach to the content of the term «company credit policy». The credit policy of the firm as a set of principles and methods for management of accounts receivable and the provision of trade credit to buyers; management of payables and bank credits as the main sources of borrowed working capital; management of free cash in the form of giving commercial loans to other companies and opening bank deposits examined.
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Eburajolo, Courage Ose, and Leonard Nosa Aisien. "IMPACT OF COMMERCIAL BANKS’ CREDIT TO THE REAL SECTOR ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA." Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 4, no. 1 (2019): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991ojbe058.

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The study examined the effect of commercial bank sectorial credit to the manufacturing and agricultural sub-sectors on economic growth in Nigeria with time series data from 1981 to 2015, using co-integration and error correction mechanism for the empirical work. A three equation model was specified to analyze this study, and the variables include; real GDP, bank sectorial credit to manufacturing and agriculture subsectors, monetary policy rate, financial market development, sourced from CBN statistical bulletin and also the interaction variables. The variables were tested for unit root using t
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Chatterjee, Ujjal K., John M. Downs, Aref A. Hervani, and Joseph J. French. "Credit Constraints and Bank Failures: A Macroprudential Perspective on the U.S. Commercial Banking Sector." International Journal of Business and Management 18, no. 5 (2023): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v18n5p100.

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We examine the impact of economy wide credit tightening on bank failures and investigate the relationship between bank failures and tighter monetary policy while accounting for bank balance sheet variables. Using a sample of U.S. banks from 1984 to 2020, we find the following: i) increases in corporate credit spreads lead to a significant increase in aggregate bank failures; ii) lower aggregate bank return on equity and higher allowances for loan losses are associated with a higher incidence of bank failures; iii) no robust evidence suggesting that tighter monetary policy drives higher bank fa
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Credit policy of bank"

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Passarelli, Giroud Joaquim Gustavo. "Essays is bank competition and credit policy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127034.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Economics, May, 2020<br>Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 284-290).<br>This thesis estimates the eect of competition in the financial sector using both individual level data and economic theory, and explores the role of credit policy in mitigating potential adverse effects of imperfect competition. The first essay uses heterogeneous exposure to large bank mergers to estimate the eect of bank competition on both financial and real variables in local Brazilian markets. Usin
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Lehobo, Limakatso. "Monetary policy transmission in South Africa: the prime rate-demand for credit phase." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020850.

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A voluminous literature attempts to explain the various channels of the monetary policy transmission mechanism through which central banks ultimately achieve price stability. However, most research focuses on interest rate pass-through and the demand for money phase, while there is limited research on the demand for credit. This study endeavours to contribute to the understanding of this neglected phase of monetary policy transmission by exploring the response of the real demand for bank credit by the private sector to changes in the real prime rate from 1990:1 to 2004:4 in South Africa. First
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Hong, Boon Ping. "The impact of monetary policy on bank credit and trade credit for the UK's SMEs : a disequilibrium model of credit rationing." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17753/.

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This thesis aims to examine the extent to which the UK's SMEs face credit rationing and to examine the impact of monetary policy on the availability of bank credit to the UK's SMEs, and the substitution relationship between bank credit and trade credit. The estimation is based on a large dataset between 1991 and 2010. Using disequilibrium model of credit rationing to estimate the impact of monetary policy is able to detangle the effect of demand from the supply and it overcome the identification problem in the previous studies of credit channel of monetary transmission. An index of monetary co
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Cavaco, Francisco Ferreira. "Are negative interest rates on bank credit possible?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20570.

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Mestrado em Economia Monetária e Financeira<br>Na atual estrutura monetária, os bancos centrais estão limitados no seu objetivo de assegurar estabilidade de preços e pleno emprego devido ao limite inferior zero nas taxas de juro nominais. Isto acontece porque taxas de juro nominais negativas nos depósitos bancários - condição necessária para alcançar taxas de juro nominais negativas no crédito bancário - causariam uma fuga de depósitos para dinheiro físico, pois o dinheiro físico paga uma taxa de juro nominal igual a zero. Para contrariar esta restrição, propomos uma nova arquitetura monetária
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Bramma, Keith Michael. "AN EVALUATION OF BANK CREDIT POLICIES FOR FARM LOAN PORTFOLIOS USING THE SIMULATION APPROACH." University of Sydney, Department of Agricultural Economics, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/400.

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The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk-return efficiency of credit policies for managing portfolio credit risk of banking institutions. The focus of the empirical analysis is on the impact of risk pricing and problem loan restructuring on bank risk and returns using a simulation model that represents an operating environment of lenders servicing the Australian farm sector. Insurance theory principles and agency relationships between a borrower and a lender are integrated into the portfolio theory framework. The portfolio theory framework is then couched in terms of the capital budget
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Leite, Joana dos Reis Oliveira de Sousa. "The transmission of unconventional monetary policy to bank credit supply : evidence from the TLTROs." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16409.

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Mestrado em Economia Monetária e Financeira<br>Esta dissertação estuda a transmissão das Operações de Refinanciamento de Prazo Alargado Direcionadas (TLTRO) para a oferta de crédito pelo setor bancário na área do Euro e, em particular, em Portugal, através de uma abordagem de dados em painel. Para os países da área do Euro, verificámos uma correlação positiva entre as TLTRO e o montante de crédito concedido pelos bancos à economia real. Na área do Euro, os efeitos das TLTRO no montante de crédito concedido aumentam ao longo do período em análise e são mais fortes nos países menos vulneráveis.
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Криклій, Олена Анатоліївна, Елена Анатольевна Криклий, Olena Anatoliivna Kryklii, Олена Валентинівна Крухмаль, Елена Валентиновна Крухмаль та Olena Valentynivna Krukhmal. "Кредитна політика банків України в докризовий та посткризовий період". Thesis, Запорізький національний університет, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/63790.

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В роботі розглядаються особливості кредитної політики банків України в докризовий та посткризовий період.<br>In this paper, the features of the credit policy of banks of Ukraine in the pre-crisis and post-crisis period.
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Meder, Anthony Alan. "SFAS 115, Bank Balance Sheet Liquidity and Loan Growth." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1312309973.

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Helmi, Mohamad Husam. "Essays on monetary policy with Islamic banks." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/12849.

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This thesis examines three different aspects of monetary policy in a varying sample of developing countries, with some Islamic banks. The first essay estimates a variety of interest rate rules for the conduct of monetary policy for Indonesia, Israel, South Korea, Thailand and Turkey, in both high and low inflation conditions. The findings are that the reaction of monetary policy to both inflation and output gaps differs between the high and low inflation regimes and that the exchange rate channel is important only in the low inflation regime. The second essay examines the bank lending channel
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Yamashiro, Guy Matsuo. "Disaggregated systems and the monetary transmission mechanism /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3026375.

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Books on the topic "Credit policy of bank"

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United States. General Accounting Office. General Government Division. Credit availability guidance. The Office, 1993.

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Associates, Robert Morris, ed. Preparing a commercial credit information policy. 2nd ed. Robert Morris Associates, 1989.

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E, Makinen Gail, and Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service, eds. A credit crunch?: Bank lending and national credit patterns, 1989-1992. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1993.

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K, Sharma J. Bank credit and economic development in India. Classical Pub. Co., 1985.

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McKenzie, George. Monetary policy and bank credit creation in the U.K. University of Southampton, Department of Economics, 1988.

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McKenzie, George. Monetary policy and bank credit creation in the U.K. University of Southampton, Dept. of Economics, 1988.

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Stiglitz, Joseph E. Money, credit, and business fluctuations. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.

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Blasio, Guido De. Does trade credit substitute for bank credit?: Evidence from firm-level data. International Monetary Fund, Office of Executive Director, 2003.

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Romer, Christina. Credit channel or credit actions?: An interpretation of the postwar transmission mechanism. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1993.

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Romer, Christina D. Credit channel or credit actions?: An interpretation of the postwar transmission mechanism. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Credit policy of bank"

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Carbo-Valverde, Santiago, José Manuel Mansilla-Ferndndez, and Francisco Rodriguez-Fernandez. "Monetary Policy and Trade Credit: Evidence for Spain." In Modern Bank Behaviour. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137001863_5.

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Gumata, Nombulelo, and Eliphas Ndou. "The National Credit Act, Monetary Policy and Credit Growth." In Bank Credit Extension and Real Economic Activity in South Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43551-0_19.

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Bindseil, Ulrich, and Alessio Fotia. "Conventional Monetary Policy." In Introduction to Central Banking. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70884-9_3.

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AbstractThis chapter introduces conventional monetary policy, i.e. monetary policy during periods of economic and financial stability and when short-term interest rates are not constrained by the zero lower bound. We introduce the concept of an operational target of monetary policy and explain why central banks normally give this role to the short-term interbank rate. We briefly touch macroeconomics by outlining how central banks should set interest rates across time to achieve their ultimate target, e.g. price stability, and we acknowledge the complications in doing so. We then zoom further i
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Moore, Basil. "Wages, Bank Lending, and the Endogeneity of Credit Money." In Money and Macro Policy. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7715-1_1.

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Bindseil, Ulrich, and Alessio Fotia. "Unconventional Monetary Policy." In Introduction to Central Banking. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70884-9_4.

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AbstractThis chapter introduces the reader to unconventional monetary policy, i.e. monetary policy using instruments going beyond the steering of short-term interest rates as described in the previous chapter. We start by providing the rationale of unconventional monetary policy, i.e. essentially pursuing an effective monetary policy when conventional policies are not able to provide the necessary monetary accommodation because of the zero lower bound. We then discuss negative interest rate policies, and explain why rates slightly below zero have proven to be feasible despite the existence of
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Werner, Richard A. "Monetary Policy in the 1980s: How Bank Credit was Determined." In New Paradigm in Macroeconomics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230506077_21.

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Gumata, Nombulelo, and Eliphas Ndou. "The Interaction Between Credit Conditions, Monetary Policy and Economic Activity." In Bank Credit Extension and Real Economic Activity in South Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43551-0_8.

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Salifu, Mubarik, Mohammed Gbanja Abdulai, William Angko, Paul Bata Domanban, Ibrahim Nandom Yakubu, and Saani Mohammed Ridwan. "The Effect of Monetary Policy and Global Economic Policy Uncertainty on Bank Credit Risk." In Sustainable Development Goals Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-80744-2_17.

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Gumata, Nombulelo, and Eliphas Ndou. "Loan-to-Value Ratios, Contractionary Monetary Policy and Inflation Expectations." In Bank Credit Extension and Real Economic Activity in South Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43551-0_20.

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Gumata, Nombulelo, and Eliphas Ndou. "Financial Regulation Policy Uncertainty and the Sluggish Recovery in Credit Growth." In Bank Credit Extension and Real Economic Activity in South Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43551-0_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Credit policy of bank"

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Stoilov, Todor, and Krasimira Stoilova. "Credit Policy for Irregular Incomes." In 2024 12th International Scientific Conference on Computer Science (COMSCI). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/comsci63166.2024.10778505.

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Mach, Maria. "TAL Rules Versus ECA Rules: an Attempt for Comparison in the Credit Management Context." In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2528.

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Credits are the one of the most important functions in bank management, because, from one side, thanks to a good credit policy a bank can earn money, but from the other side, in the case of weak or wrong credit policy the bank can make substantial losses. Therefore in the field of credit policy management, intelligent information systems can be very helpful, as it is a complex and heterogeneous field, needing complex management and decision-making procedures. There exist many technical solutions aimed at helping the decision-makers in this field, from “traditional” ones, as databases, to more
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Wang, Wenxin, and Wei Wang. "Supplying Trade Credit, Monetary Policy and Short-term Bank Loans." In 2018 International Conference on Management, Economics, Education and Social Sciences (MEESS 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/meess-18.2018.47.

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Zhao, Yanni, and Zhiyong Feng. "Analysis of Influence of China Commercial Bank Credit Behavior on Monetary Policy Effect." In International Conference on Education, Management, Computer and Society. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emcs-16.2016.49.

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Melikov, Y. I. "ABOUT IMPROVING THE FINANCIAL AND CREDIT MECHANISM AS A TOOL TO STIMULATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS Volume 2. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.2.650-654.

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The issues of improving the financial and credit mechanism for stimulating the development of the agro-industrial complex are considered. In the conditions of external and internal challenges, the coronavirus epidemic, there is a compression of the domestic market, a drop in effective demand, the profitability of the population, enterprises, the state, and the emergence of a budget deficit. This requires a fundamental change of financing mechanism and credit review criteria and approaches to aid sectors of the economy, improvement of the mechanism of agricultural lending on the basis of availa
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Zhong, Xiong, Dilong Xu, and Zhiyan Chen. "Research on Green-credit Policy of Commercial Bank Based on Evolutionary Game Theory and DID Model." In 2016 2nd International Conference on Economics, Management Engineering and Education Technology (ICEMEET 2016). Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemeet-16.2017.188.

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Tören, Evrim, and Mehmet Balcılar. "Fiscal Policy Shocks and the Dynamics of Asset Prices in Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01285.

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Asset markets and the asset prices affect financial institutions, consumers, producers and policy makers while they are making decisions. There is an important relationship not only between the financial market and banking system but also between the housing market and the credit market. Therefore, the study analyzes the impact of fiscal policy on asset prices by using beyasian vector autoregressive models. The sample data has been gathered from the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. The aim is to demonstrate the effects of fiscal policy shocks on stock prices and housing prices. The data
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Vesić, Tamara, Nenad Ravić, Vladan Cogoljevic, and Raica Milicevic. "New mechanisms and managing of money supply in monetary-credit system within financial system." In 1st International Scientific Conference on Economy, Management and Information Technologies-ICEMIT 2023. Toplica Academy of Applied Studies, Department of Business Studies Blace, Serbia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/icemit23.183v.

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In this paper, we analyzed the new mechanisms on which the operation of the financial system rests, compared to the monetary system, with an emphasis on the roles of banks in them. The goal of the paper is to point out the importance of the new subsystems that exist within the financial system, as well as the importance of the participants who are most deserving of the efficient functioning of this large entity. The results indicate that monetary and credit policy, primarily interest rate policy, has the greatest impact on the financial market. Furthermore, the multiplication of money in circu
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Raimi, Lukman, Mirela Panait, and Eglantina Hysa. "Financial Inclusion in ASEAN Countries – A Gender Gap Perspective and Policy Prescriptions." In 2nd International Conference Global Ethics - Key of Sustainability (GEKoS). LUMEN Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gekos2021/4.

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Financial inclusion is an increasingly intense issue that is of concern to the credit institutions and the public authorities. It has become topical and gained new value during this period of Covid-19 crisis. Although financial exclusion cuts across demographic categories, but certain categories of financial consumers such as women, young people, people with disabilities and those residing in rural areas have a low presence in the financial services sector. Previous studies attribute the incidence of financial exclusion of some segment of the society to low income, low level of financial educa
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Miloradović, Milica, Nevenka Vojvodić-Miljković, and Sofija Radulović. "Legal issues regarding credit in the judicial practice of Balkan countries." In Employment, Education and Entrepreneurship 2024. Faculty of Business Economics and Entrepreneurship, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5937/eee24042m.

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Credit in modern conditions represents one of the most significant sources of financing. Through credit, the broadest needs of both the economy and the population are satisfied. Credit enables entities with surplus financial resources to employ them in the most rational manner, thereby achieving a certain profit. At the same time, credit allows entities lacking financial resources to acquire them and use these funds to realize their projects. Each of explored court decisions of Balkan countries provides insights into how local courts interpret and apply legal frameworks regarding financial agr
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Reports on the topic "Credit policy of bank"

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Fabiani, Andrea, Martha López, José-Luis Peydró, Paul E. Soto, and Margaret Guerrero. Capital Controls, Domestic Macroprudential Policy and the Bank Lending Channel of Monetary Policy. Banco de la República, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1162.

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We study how capital controls and domestic macroprudential policy tame credit supply booms, respectively targeting foreign and domestic bank debt. For identification, we exploit the simultaneous introduction of capital controls on foreign exchange (FX) debt inflows and an increase of reserve requirements on domestic bank deposits in Colombia during a strong credit boom, as well as credit registry and bank balance sheet data. Our results suggest that first, an increase in the local monetary policy rate, raising the interest rate spread with the United States, allows more FX-indebted banks to ca
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2

Morales, Paola, Daniel Osorio-Rodíguez, Juan S. Lemus-Esquivel, and Miguel Sarmiento. The internationalization of domestic banks and the credit channel of monetary policy. Banco de la República, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1181.

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How does the expansion of domestic banks in international markets affect the bank lending channel of monetary policy? Using bank-firm loan-level data, we find that loan growth and loan rates from international banks respond less to monetary policy changes than domestic banks and that internationalization partially mitigates the risk-taking channel of monetary policy. Banks with a large international presence tend to tolerate more their credit risk exposition relative to domestic banks. Moreover, international banks tend to rely more on foreign funding when policy rates change, allowing them to
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Cabrera, Wilmar, Santiago Gamba, Camilo Gómez, and Mauricio Villamizar-Villegas. Examining Macroprudential Policy through a Microprudential Lens. Banco de la República, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1212.

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In this paper, we examine the financial and real effects of macroprudential policies with a new identifying strategy that exploits borrower-specific provisioning levels for each bank. Locally, we compare similar firms just below and above regulatory thresholds established in Colombia during 2008--2018 for the corporate credit portfolio. Our results indicate that the scheme induces banks to increase the provisioning cost of downgraded loans. This implies that, for loans with similar risk but with a discontinuously lower rating, banks offer a lower amount of credit, demand higher quality guarant
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4

Galán, Jorge E. Macroprudential policy and the tail risk of credit growth. Banco de España, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53479/38957.

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I show that macroprudential policy has significant heterogeneous and time-varying effects on the credit growth distribution. These effects are particularly evident in reducing rightward skewness during expansionary periods of the financial cycle, thereby mitigating the upside risk of credit growth. Conversely, during financial crises, the relaxation of macroprudential policy positively impacts the left tail, reducing the risk of severe credit contractions. These findings align with previously documented benefits of macroprudential policy on the downside risk of GDP growth, providing evidence o
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5

Agarwal, Sumit, Sergio Mayordomo, María Rodríguez-Moreno, and Emanuele Tarantino. Household Heterogeneity and the Lending Channel of Monetary Policy. Banco de España, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53479/39825.

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This paper examines how monetary policy affects corporate lending through its impact on household balance sheets, bridging the gap between the cash flow and bank lending channels. When policy rates rise, households with variable-rate debt face higher monthly payments, prompting early mortgage repayments, particularly among high-income borrowers. Exploiting the monetary tightening between July 2022 and September 2023 as a policy experiment, we show that banks that are more exposed to variable-rate mortgages granted to higher-income households increase their supply of corporate credit, especiall
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Cui, Jingyuan George, Xiaosheng Guo, and Leticia Juarez. Bank Loans, Trade Credit and Export Prices: Evidence from Exchange Rate Shocks in China. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013020.

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This study investigates exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) to international prices in the context of trade credit usage. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset including customs transactions and balance sheet data of Chinese exporters during 2000-2011, we document several stylized facts. First, there exists a significant dampening effect on the sensitivity of international pricing to exchange rate fluctuations among exporters that extend substantial trade credit, indicating a more complete ERPT. Second, the interest payments made by exporters to domestic banks exhibit negative responsiveness to home
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7

Pagliacci, Carolina, and Ana María Chirinos-Leañez. Credit Supply in Venezuela: A Non-Conventional Bank Lending Channel? Inter-American Development Bank, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011796.

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This paper evaluates whether fiscal and foreign exchange policy shocks canexplain both credit and credit supply in Venezuela. Empirical evidence suggests that between 65 and 90 percent of credit growth is linked to the buildup of banks' deposits caused by the monetary effects of fiscal expansions. For these cases, since credit is provided at equal or reduced interest rates, credit supply takes place. Loan supply can occur either endogenously, when fiscal domestic spending increases with expansionary aggregate supply shocks, or exogenously, when fiscal policy shocks emerge. The role of exogenou
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Pirateque-Niño, Javier Eliecer, Daniela Rodríguez-Novoa, and José Hernán Piñeros-Gordo. Does monetary policy affect the net interest margin of credit institutions? Evidence from Colombia. Banco de la República, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1197.

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This paper analyzes empirically the relationship between monetary policy interventions and the net interest margin of Colombian credit institutions for the 2003 – 2019 period. Considering the endogeneity problem that arises when analysing this relationship, we calculate a series of monetary policy shocks as the residuals of regressing the monetary policy rate on a set of quantifiable variables that the Central Bank of Colombia’s Board of Directors had at each of its monetary policy meetings. Thereafter, we conduct a panel regression analysis in which we relate these shocks, and a set of macroe
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Abad, Jorge, Galo Nuño, and Carlos Thomas. CBDC and the operational framework of monetary policy. Banco de España, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/35997.

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We analyse the impact of introducing a central bank-issued digital currency (CBDC) on the operational framework of monetary policy and the macroeconomy as a whole. To this end, we develop a New Keynesian model with heterogeneous banks, a frictional interbank market, a central bank with deposit and lending facilities, and household preferences for different liquid assets. The model is calibrated to replicate the main monetary and financial aggregates in the euro area. Our analysis predicts that CBDC adoption implies a roughly equivalent reduction in banks’ deposit funding. However, this ‘deposi
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Cuadra, Gabriel, and Victoria Nuguer. Research Insights: How Can Macro-Prudential Policy Control the Impact of Cross-Border Bank Flows on Emerging Market Economies? Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003327.

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Advanced economies (AEs) transmit economic crisis to Emerging Market Economies (EMEs) through cross-border bank flows, impacting their output, credit, and assets prices. Empirical evidence suggests that the transmission of the crisis from AEs to EMEs is higher in the absence of macro-prudential policy. A macro-prudential policy in the form of a levy on EMEs banks, when credit grows faster than deposits, reduces the propagation of AEs crisis to EMEs: the consumption drop is 12 percent lower, and the reaction of the labor market smoother, so consumers are better off with the policy than without
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