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Journal articles on the topic 'Credit services'
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1
Steuerle, C. Eugene. "Policy Watch: Tax Credits for Low-Income Workers with Children." Journal of Economic Perspectives 4, no. 3 (August 1, 1990): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.4.3.201.
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The most important tax credits available to low-income households with children are the earned income tax credit (EITC), the child tax credit, and the child and dependent care tax credit (hereafter, child-care credit). Only the EITC and the child-care credit exist in current law in the United States. This note will discuss some equity and efficiency implications of four commonly stated purposes of these credits within the tax/transfer system: greater progressivity, adjustments for the presence of children, greater choice among goods and services, and greater work incentives for low-income individuals.
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Kim, Moon-Yong. "Evaluation, Satisfaction, and Loyalty in the Context of Green Credit Card Services: Green Ethics as a Moderator." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (April 11, 2021): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.971.
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This research aims to examine the relationships among evaluation of green credit card services, overall satisfaction with green credit card services, and loyalty to green credit cards.In addition, this search examines whether consumers’ green ethics moderates the relationship between evaluation of green credit card services and loyalty to green credit cards. An online survey (N = 2,000) was conducted to test the hypotheses. Consistent with all the hypotheses, the results indicate that (1) evaluation of green credit card services has a positive effect on overall satisfaction with green credit card services (hypothesis 1); (2) evaluation of green credit card services has a positive effect on loyalty to green credit cards (hypothesis 2); (3) overall satisfaction with green credit card services has a positive effect on loyalty to green credit cards (hypothesis 3); (4) overall satisfaction with green credit card services mediates the relationship between evaluation of green credit card services and loyalty to green credit cards (hypothesis 4); and (5) the magnitude of the positive effect of evaluation of green credit card services on loyalty to green credit cards increases as individuals’ green ethics decreases (hypothesis 5).
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Abel Feleke and Shukurala Chaimiso. "Effects of saving and credit cooperative organizations in farmers’ household condition in doyogena woreda kembata tembaro zone snnpr ethiopia." Pacific International Journal 1, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.55014/pij.v1i4.51.
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The study was carried out in Doyogena district, Kembata Tembaro Zone of southern Ethiopia to assess the awareness of farmers on saving and credit cooperatives, and examine the effect of SACCO‟s on household income generation. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select sample households. Structured interview questionnaires were prepared to collect brief information from the sample households by preparing interview schedule, focused group discussion and personal observation. For data analysis descriptive statistics like mean, frequency, percentages are used for quantitative data. In the study area, about 57.35% of respondents are member of saving and credit service in the study area. The age, sex and educational status of household determine the cooperative member of saving and credit services. About 97.43% households are a member of cooperative saving and credit services in the age group of 30-65 years, whereas for age of households between 18-29 years were 2.57 % in study area. About 97.43% of male household are a members saving and credit services.About 56.42% of sampled households are those who able to read and write were a member of saving and credits organization. The access to awareness (63.23%), income generation are >500ETB per months 41.23% respondents those are a member of SACCOs and 24.13% for non-members, un satisfy on adequacy and timeline less of loan and recovery rate(54.54%),weak governance and weak financial management system arethe effects saving and credit service of cooperative organization in study area. Most the users of agricultural input 12(51.61%) are the members of SACCOs. This might be due to use credit from SACCOs. But non-members of cooperative are not using agricultural inputs as members SACCO due to lack credit. Therefore, creation of awareness for members and non-members, and cooperative leaders important for saving and credit services in the study area.
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Moahid, Masaood, Ghulam Dastgir Khan, Yuichiro Yoshida, Niraj Prakash Joshi, and Keshav Lall Maharjan. "Agricultural Credit and Extension Services: Does Their Synergy Augment Farmers’ Economic Outcomes?" Sustainability 13, no. 7 (March 28, 2021): 3758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073758.
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Access to credit is essential for sustainable agricultural development. This paper evaluates the impact of formal and informal agricultural credit, access to extension services, and different combinations of agricultural credit and extension services on the economic outcomes of farming households in Afghanistan. This study applies a quasi-experimental approach (propensity score matching) and inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) analysis. The data comes from a survey of 277 randomly selected farming households in the three districts of rural Afghanistan. The results show that having access to formal agricultural credit has a positive and differentiated impact on the farming costs and net revenue of farming households. However, the effects increase when a farming household has access to both formal credit and extension services. The results also reveal that credit constraints affect farming costs and net revenue. The study provides some practical implications for agricultural development policymakers. First, formal agricultural credit affects farm revenue in rural Afghanistan. Second, the impact of credit bundled with agricultural extension services on farm revenue is higher than the impact of the provision of each service separately. Therefore, a more sustainable agricultural credit arrangement should be supplemented by extension services for farmers in Afghanistan.
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Zhavoronok, Artur. "INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF FUNCTIONING OF THE CREDIT SERVICES MARKET." Economic discourse, no. 1 (March 2020): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36742/2410-0919-2020-1-8.
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Introduction. The country's economy is still in a state where its development is hampered by the absence of clearly defined, priority programs to stimulate business and economic sectors, including through credit. Bank lending to business entities is an effective way of getting out of the crisis. Strengthening the role of credit relations as a means of stimulating the development of production is manifested in various aspects. Methods. Fundamental economic theories, lending theories, financial studies, as well as research by scholars and foreign scientists are investigated in the research. They used the generally accepted principles of scientific research to make their decision. A number of general scientific methods were used in the process of research, in particular: analogies and logical generalization (to study the prospects of bank lending); systematic analysis (to study the organization of the process of bank lending in the market of credit services), etc. Results. Based on the isolated problems, the foreign experience of countries such as the USA, Germany, Argentina, Mexico, Poland, Canada and Italy was explored, on the basis of which the prospects for improvement of the bank lending mechanism in Ukraine and credit monitoring of the borrower in particular were outlined. Discussion. Given the overseas experience of developed countries, it is possible to distinguish: a combination of different methods of restructuring problem loans; when assessing the potential risk of default on a loan, use different methods of determining it ("SAMRARI", "PARSEL" or "Rule 5 C"); when making class calculations, make corrective adjustments to the credit score of the borrower. Prospects for further studies of the credit services market may be the intensification of bank lending, which certainly implies further liberalization of refinancing policy, taking into account foreign experience. Keywords: credit, credit relations, credit policy, credit services market, bank lending.
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Zajas, Jay, and Cynthia Zavodny. "Marketing Credit Union Services Through Cross-Selling and Quality Customer Service." Journal of Customer Service in Marketing & Management 1, no. 4 (November 21, 1995): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j127v01n04_07.
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Kozmenko, Serhiy, and Victoria Roienko. "Ensuring financial inclusion through insurance companies and credit unions." Insurance Markets and Companies 7, no. 1 (November 18, 2016): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imc.7(1).2016.01.
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The article analyzes modern tendencies and broadening dynamics of insurance companies’ and credit unions’ services in terms of world regions. The correlation analyses for finding lag relation between access broadening to the insurance companies’ and credit unions’ services and financial and economic parameters is held. The distribution-lag models for force and direction interrelation between access level to non-banking financial services and financial and economic regions development are elaborated. Keywords: financial inclusion, insurance company, credit union, lag, economic growth, regression
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Ţîrlea, Mariana Rodica. "COORDINATES OF THE CREDIT INSTITUTION ACTIVITY." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 8, no. 1 (February 4, 2014): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v8i1.933.
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The Emergency Ordinance no. 99 of 6 December 2006, on credit institutions andcapital adequacy, presents the credit institution as "an entity whose business is to attractdeposits or other repayable funds from the public and to grant credits in its own account". The2006/48/EC Directive of the European Parliament and the European Council, presents thecredit institution as "an undertaking whose business is to receive deposits and other repayablefunds from the public and to grant credits for its own account" definition that seemsappropriate, justified by the fact that, in our opinion, the concept of undertaking is assigned tothose innovative and imaginative companies that produce goods. Since money is a commodityand economic agents that we call credit institutions produce money by reinventing themselvesevery day to keep up with technology, we consider that the idea of “undertaking” formulatedby the 2006/48/EC Directive of the European Parliament and of the European Council isappropriate and that these credit institutions be hereinafter referred to as undertakings andtherefore enterprises. We believe that the enterprise, in our case, the credit institutions, is amatter that produces, consumes and trades services in order to achieve positive economiceffects therefore saving and lending are their direct support. Moreover, credit is the source forfinancing growth and welfare, therefore the engine of the capitalist economy
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Ruska, Ruslana. "EVALUATION POSITIONS OF CREDIT UNIONS IN THE WORLD MARKET OF FINANCIAL SERVICES." Vol 16, No 2 (2017) 16, no. 2 (2017) (2017): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/jee2017.02.197.
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Credit unions have been functioning on the financial market of Ukraine for more than twenty years, and necessity of their existence is still questionable. Imperfect system which controls credit unions in our country often leads to distorted activity. Investigating the uniqueness of the world credit unions and basic principles of their activity stipulated the necessity of a completely new approach to the evaluation of credit unions positions in the world market of financial services. Due to the analysis of penetration it is educed that credit unions embrace a substantial financial market share on different world continents. A cluster analysis revealed that credit unions with the similar functions belong to the same cluster. After investigation of management monitoring systems of credit unions in different countries it has been established that these systems are rather «ex»/ «post» indicators of the present credit unions problems. Relations between regulators and credit unions are of different types. «Three Bucket Approach» methodology for credit unions and theoretical aspects of the methodology, which involves reserve formation on loans and its application have been considered.
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Kruglova, Olha, and Stanislav Popko. "Characteristics of the bank's credit line as a variety of financial service." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 1, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2021-1-119-124.
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The article analyzes the development of the financial services market in the global financial crisis. Due to the influence of modern civilized culture of developed European countries, the demand for credit and credit services has increased and needs adjustment, preventive regulation, because society does not have the skills to forecast and take into account economic changes in the country and the world as a whole. However, the financial awareness and legal awareness of consumers of banking services is generally not high, which is the reason for inadequate initiatives and improper implementation of credit relations. Therefore, in light of the expanded demand for banking credit services, the authors emphasize that it is very important to study the characteristics of financial services, which will ensure adequate legal protection of private human rights in today's volatile economic environment. The authors analyze the development trends and favorable conditions for the formation of demand for credit services both nationally and internationally. Favorable circumstances that shape the demand for such services as a credit line are highlighted. The advantages of a line of credit are defined – the borrower can get a loan within a certain limit at any time when he needs it. The situation in the country with regard to the use of international credit lines is analyzed. The main attention is paid to the study of key, essential terms of the contract in view of the possible risks of its implementation and compliance with the rights of counterparties. The paper emphasizes the importance of an objective approach in determining the terms and limits of the credit line. It is determined that provided that the goal is clearly defined, which allows to assess the risks of the loan, and the establishment of correct limits and terms of loan repayment, proper development of credit relations is possible in which the rights of each party will have prospects.
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Bartkevičiūtė, Gintarė, Asta Gaigalienė, and Renata Legenzova. "The Assessment of Determinants of Credit Services’ Choices among Students." Management of Organizations: Systematic Research 79, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mosr-2018-0001.
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AbstractThe article analyses demographic factors which determine the students’ intention to borrow and to choose a particular credit service, i.e., what characteristics of credit services are the most important for students when making a choice of a particular credit service.
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Li, Jiang, Charles Oppenheim, Jo McShea, and David Powell. "An evaluation of UK credit ratings services." Business Information Review 23, no. 3 (September 2006): 162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266382106068570.
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Dandapani, Krishnan, Gordon V. Karels, and Edward R. Lawrence. "Internet banking services and credit union performance." Managerial Finance 34, no. 6 (May 9, 2008): 437–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03074350810872804.
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Gurewich, Deborah, Jeffrey Prottas, Robert W. Seifert, and Susan Seager. "Medical Debt and Consumer Credit Counseling Services." Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 15, no. 3 (2004): 336–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2004.0041.
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Harelimana, Jean Bosco. "The Role of Microfinance Services on Increasing Revenue of COOPEC COMICOKA Members, Rwanda (2010-2015)." Management and Organizational Studies 4, no. 2 (April 27, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/mos.v4n2p29.
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The main aim of the study is to find out the role of microfinance ‘services on increasing revenue of COMICOKA'members. With access to these financial savings and credit services, members can start new businesses or improveon the existing businesses and engage in any other productive activities as well as learning how to use money wiselyand consequently improve on their revenue. Both primary and secondary data were collected then analyzed throughMFI Factsheet, SPSS version 16.0 tools (Pearson correlation, and multi regression analysis), so that the correlationand strength between variables can have been determined.The findings revealed that savings services were moderately favorable to members and correlation results indicatesthere is a strong positive relationship between savings services and members’ income (r=0.784, sig=0.000). There isa strong positive relationship between credit services and members’ revenue (r=0.591, sig=0.000). From the findings,the study concludes that savings and credit at COMICOKA have got a significant effect on members’ revenue. Bothsavings and credit services are significantly correlated with members’ revenue and significantly predict member’revenue. Both savings and credit services were rated moderately.
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Pujiastuti, Nani. "AN ANALYSIS OF THE CREDIT SERVICE EARNINGS UPON THE BALANCE OF BUSINESS REVENUES AT THE CREDITS AND SAVINGS BUSINESS UNIT OF KPRI IN SUKABUMI." Accounting Journal of Binaniaga 3, no. 02 (December 31, 2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33062/ajb.v3i2.231.
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“An analysis of the Credit Service Earnings upon Balance of Business Revenues at the Credits and Savings Business Unit (SPU) of KPRI in Sukabumi”. This research has been done since the writer is interested in figuring out the problems about the earnings of credit services at KPRI in Sukabumi and the balance of business revenues (SHU) at KPRI in Sukabumi, as well as how to analyze the credit service earnings upon the balance of business revenues at the credits and savings business unit of KPRI in Sukabumi. However, this research is a quantitative study using a descriptive approach where the writer has been describing only the existing data using a qualitative description. Technique of data collection has applied field study research and library study. The result of the research has indicated that the earning of credit services at KPRI in Sukabumi has been increasing from year to year. The biggest increasing one was happened in 2009 which was Rp 846,979,876.00 higher than the previous year, and the smallest one was happened in 2012 which was Rp 231,494,441.00 less than the previous year. Nevertheless the balance of business revenue has been increasing from 2009 to 2011 but it has decreased in 2012. The biggest increasing one was happened in 2009 which was Rp 89,261,608.00 and it was decreased in 2012 which was Rp 18,352,811.00. The decreasing of this revenue was happened due to the total amount of business revenue had been received only from the credit units and other earnings. But , not any revenue of goods credit facilities had been received since there has not any transactions of goods selling been occured in 2012. Based on the analysis of the credit service earnings upon the balance of business revenues at KPRI in Sukabumi, it has indicated that the earnings of credit service has been relatively fluctuative each year. The contribution of the credit service earnings upon the balance of business revenue in 2008 was the biggest one which was 15.76% and the lowest one was in 2012 which was 1.79%.Key words: Credit, Saving, Service Earning, Business Revenue
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Mokropulo, A. A. "FORMING OF MODEL OF FINANCIAL SAFETY OF CORPORATION AS BASIS OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF REGION." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2016-4-28-32.
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The problem of operational service enterprises in the commercial Bank has got a special urgency. In difficult conditions of a rigid competition, banks are trying to keep the advantages to save in the money markets. Therefore, modern credit institution is ready to offer its actual and potential customers the most favorable and attractive conditions for payment operations, credit operations and operations on attraction in deposits or currency conversion. Relations of credit organisations with clients is very diverse: traditional cash management services, credit services, cash payments, operating the service on plastic cards, operations with currency conversion, Deposit and investment services. Recently become popular operational services of Depository activities. The ability to attract customers makes the commercial banks to actively expand consulting services. From the selected Bank of the provided services depends largely on the success of the enterprise, its profitability and prosperity.
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Barnett, William A., and Liting Su. "FINANCIAL FIRM PRODUCTION OF INSIDE MONETARY AND CREDIT CARD SERVICES: AN AGGREGATION THEORETIC APPROACH." Macroeconomic Dynamics 24, no. 1 (November 23, 2018): 130–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100518000767.
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A monetary production model of financial firms is employed to investigate supply-side inside-money aggregation, augmented to include credit card transaction services. Inside money is a supply-side concept. Financial firms are conceived to produce monetary and credit card transaction services as outputs through financial intermediation. While credit cards provide transactions services, credit cards have never been included into measures of the money supply. The reason is accounting conventions, which do not permit adding liabilities to assets. However, index number theory measures service flows and is based on microeconomic aggregation theory, not accounting. We derive theory needed to measure the supply of the joint services of credit cards and inside money, needed to estimate the output supply function and to compute value added. The data needed for empirical implementation of our theory are available online from the Center for Financial Stability in New York City.
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Mocanu, Livia. "Specific Features Of The Consumer Credit Contract Enforcement." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2015-0079.
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Abstract Consumers' demands for purchasing goods and services, which are more and more complex and different, have been and are insured, in the absence of the necessary or sufficient amounts of money, by means of credits granted for consumption; the field in question is generically named “consumer credit. This financial-legal mechanism which is widely spread and useful contains the consumer credit contract as key element, which has some specific features for private law, both in terms of its constitution and enforcement. Given its relatively recent existence within the Romanian legal system, the present work aims to carry out an analysis of the main rules governing the enforcement of the consumer credit contract, in the context of the national and European legislation.
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Korneev, Volodymyr. "Banking services on the credit market of Ukraine: estimation of usage of loan resources." Ukrainian society 2012, no. 3 (2012): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2012.03.097.
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The article describes the development of banking services in the credit market of Ukraine. Studied the needs of customers in credit products. Is considered the term structure of credit. The peculiarities of car loans, market of credit payment cards are analyzed. Identified reasons for poor recovery of crediting under current conditions. The necessity of limiting of consumer credit is grounded.
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Asante-Addo, Collins, Jonathan Mockshell, Manfred Zeller, Khalid Siddig, and Irene S. Egyir. "Agricultural credit provision: what really determines farmers’ participation and credit rationing?" Agricultural Finance Review 77, no. 2 (July 3, 2017): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-02-2016-0010.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze determinants of farmers’ participation and credit rationing in microcredit programs using survey data from Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The authors use the Garrett Ranking Technique to analyze farmers’ reasons for participation or non-participation in credit programs, a probit regression model to estimate factors influencing farm households’ participation, and the Heckman’s sample selection model to identify factors influencing farm households’ probability of being credit rationed by microcredit programs. Findings The results reveal that farm households participate in credit programs because of improved access to savings services and agricultural loans. Fear of loan default and lack of savings are reasons for non-participation in credit programs. Furthermore, membership in farmer-based organizations (FBOs) and the household head’s formal education are positively associated with farmers’ participation in credit programs. The likelihood of farmers being credit rationed (i.e. their loan applications were either rejected or the amount of credit they applied for was reduced) is less likely among higher income farmers and members of FBOs such as farmer cooperatives and savings clubs. Practical implications The findings suggest that policy strategies aiming to improve access to savings and credit services should educate farmers and strengthen FBOs that could serve as entry points for financial service providers. Such market smart strategies have the potential to improve farmers’ access to financial services and reduce rural poverty. Originality/value Although existing studies have examined farmers’ participation in credit markets and credit rationing separately, the unique contribution of this paper is the analysis of participation in microcredit programs as well as the likelihood of farmers being credit rationed in Ghana.
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Dawar, Kamala. "Official Export Credit Support: Competition and Compliance Issues." Journal of World Trade 54, Issue 3 (June 1, 2020): 373–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2020017.
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Aggressive competition in the official export credit support market has resulted in an increase in activity that lies outside of the main instruments regulating competition and sustainable development in export finance terms – the OECD Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits, (OECD Arrangement on Official Export Credits. TAD/PG(2019)1) and the OECD Common Approaches(OECD Recommendation of the Council on Common Approaches for Officially Supported Export Credits and Environmental and Social Due Diligence (The ‘Common Approaches’). TAD/ECG(2016)3). By default, the World Trade Organization’s Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Duties (SCM) is becoming the main legal deterrent, despite its weakness in not covering trade in services or the sustainable development dimensions of official export credit support. Yet the playing field is also unruly because of the apparent reluctance on the part of WTO Members to challenge these measures. Export Credit Agencies (ECAs), the OECD Arrangement, the OECD Common Approaches, the WTO SCM, International Working Group on Export Credit Support (IWG) The current economic slowdown in export growth, coupled with the rise of unruly export credit support programmes, presents a strategic dilemma for the Participants to the OECD Arrangement. They are faced with the difficult choice between taking a strong pro-competition position domestically, or by fighting fire with fire and developing their own non-Arrangement type export credit support programmes. The former option is the more preferable for economic efficiency considerations and long-term competitiveness, although it may result in a controversial reduced role for their ECAs. There is a collective interest in preventing publicly-funded, yet opaque, subsidy wars in export credit terms and conditions, with negative economic, political, social and environmental repercussions. This calls for heightened cooperation among ECA governments within international bodies such as the WTO, OECD and the International Working Group (IWG) on Export Credit Support. Export Credit Agencies (ECAs), the OECD Arrangement, the OECD Common Approaches, the WTO SCM, International Working Group on Export Credit Support (IWG)
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Kropivko, M., and D. Mykytyuk. "Functioning of credit cooperation: foreign experience and challenges for Ukraine." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 2(151) (December 16, 2019): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2019-151-2-89-95.
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It is established that the existing banking system is aimed primarily at lending to highly concentrated agricultural enterprises and is not adapted to the needs of small rural businesses. Therefore, the creation of an effective mechanism for lending to small and medium-sized agricultural entities through a credit cooperative system is of particular relevance. Rural credit co-operation is a parallel to banks, an alternative financial system that has begun to firmly occupy a niche in the country's credit and financial system. Its line of business is financial services for small and medium-sized entrepreneurs and villagers who cannot be serviced by banks in rural areas. It is proved that the effective activity of credit cooperation is conditioned by the creation of appropriate prerequisites. This is, first of all, voluntary establishment of credit cooperative institutions and accumulation of funds of individuals and legal entities; the purpose of the credit cooperative to ensure the mode of greatest assistance to its participants in credit, settlement, consulting, and other types of services; recognition of the variety of organizational forms of credit cooperative institutions; the direction of use of accumulated financial resources mainly for production purposes; providing financial support to the credit cooperative and legal and consulting assistance from the state. It is determined that the economic essence of credit cooperation is largely determined not by the type and nature of the participants' activity, but by the specifics of the actions and functions that they cooperate with. The involvement of unions of temporarily free funds of all categories of the population will allow to use its income in the areas of residence, in particular to direct them to the development of the agricultural sector. The creation of credit unions should be seen as encouraging the development of small businesses, including: promoting the development of production and processing of agricultural products in personal peasant and small farms, as well as the development of other small forms of farming in the agricultural sector and processing industry (including the promotion of the creation of agricultural service providers cooperatives); expanding the availability of credit resources for private farms and farms, as well as for cooperative units for the production, processing and marketing of agricultural products and services. Keywords: credit cooperation, credit union, population, personal peasant economy, farming, state.
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Kokorev, Rostislav, Tatyana Plotnikova, Anna Solodukhina, Irina Surkova, and Sergey Trukhachev. "Information asymmetry on financial market and protection of credit services consumers’ rights in the Russian Federation." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2015, no. 6 (December 31, 2015): 17–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201562.
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The article is based on the results of the monitoring of financial services consumers’ rights protection, held within the framework of the joint project «Financial Education and Financial Literacy»оf the Russian Мinistry of Finance and the World Bank. The results show the influence of information asymmetry on consumers’ and financial organizations’ behavior in the retail credit market (broken into such segments as consumer credits, mortgages, car credits, microfinance lending). The paper identifies the most serious violations of consumers’ rights provoked by the asymmetry and offers recommendations for diminishing the information asymmetry.
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Zaini, Zulfi Diane, and Lukmanul Hakim. "CONTROLLING THE IMPLEMENTATION PRUDENTIAL PRINCIPLES IN BANKING LANDING BY FINANCIAL SERVICES AUTHORITY." Tadulako Law Review 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j25272985.2018.v3.i1.10231.
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Sources of collection of banking funds collected from the community are then distributed to the community in the form of credit. If the amount of funds disbursed by the bank to the community through credit are not refundable in accordance with the term has been agreed, the credit quality can be classified as non-performing loans or often referred to as Non Performing Loan (NPL). The impact of high NPL levels is disrupted by the liquidity of each banking institution.Research Objectives are: (1) To analyze the supervision of the application of prudential principles in the provision of bank credit conducted by the Financial Services Authority under the Act Number 21 of 2011 on the Financial Services Authority. (2) To analyze the inhibiting factors in supervising the application of prudential principles in the provision of bank credit by the Financial Services Authority. Furthermore, this research uses research method with normative juridical approach, that is by collecting secondary data that is literature materials, as a technique to get information through tracing legislation and other regulations in accordance with research problems and then the data is analyzed by qualitative juridical .The results of the research show that (1) Supervision of prudential principles in the provision of bank credit conducted by the Financial Services Authority under the Act Number 21 of 2011 concerning Financial Services Authority shall be conducted by Compliance Based Supervision (CBS), that is Compliance Monitoring banks against provisions relating to the operation and management of banks in the past in order to ensure that the bank has been operating and managed properly and properly according to prudential principles. In addition, Risk Based Supervision (RBS) is implemented, ie supervision using risk-based strategies and methodologies that enable bank supervisors to detect significant risks early and take appropriate and timely monitoring actions. (2) Inhibiting factors in supervising the application of prudential principles in the provision of bank credit conducted by the Financial Services Authority is one of the most important that customers often in providing data to the Bank inaccurate and the existence of the prospective customer's delay in completing the file submission of credit. Keywords: Supervision, Financial Services Authority, Prudential Banking Principles, Credit
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Lastu, Nobertus Purnomo, Werner Ria Murhadi, and Ratna Widyanti W. "An Analysis on the Factors Affecting Credit Selection In BPR to Increase Competitiveness (BPR Case Study in Surabaya)." Jurnal Bisnis Terapan 4, no. 2 (December 18, 2020): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/jbt.v4i2.2943.
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Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) is part of the banking financial institutions apart from the commercial banking. .One of the activities of the BPR is to distribute the credits as done by the commercial banks. Problems. BPR as micro financial institutions, in doing their business to distribute the credit up to certain amount, are faced with the commercial banks which have more competitive advantages, both in the price and facilities provided. Objective of this research is to identify the factors influencing the customers in making decisions to take the credit at BPR. By identifying the determinant factors in choosing the banks, BPR can use it to improve their services to the customers and at the same time BPR can use it as a strategy in giving credit to the customers or debtors. The metode employed in this study was regressive logistic method, which was used to identify what factors determine the customers to choose credit at BPR. The conclusion is that the procedures and personality of staff are the main factors making the customers choose credit at BPR
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Yarasheva, Aziza V., Svetlana V. Makar, and Yury A. Simagin. "Behavioral economy: population in the credit services market." POPULATION 23, no. 3 (2020): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.3.5.
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The article discusses topical issues related to the current trends in the field of lending to population in Russia. The purpose of the work is to identify possible risks of individuals' actions in the market of credit services on the basis of analysis of statistical and sociological data. Based on the general scientific dialectic approaches used by the authors, the article shows dynamics of growth in the banks' loan portfolio, growth in lending volumes (banks and microfinance organizations), as well as households' debt from 2013 to 2019 in rubles and foreign currency (in general and in mortgages). Russian macro-regions are ranked by absolute indicator of debt and by its growth rate. Opportunities and risks have been identified for borrowers wishing to take advantage of the benefits provided by the State effective from April 2020 (refinancing, credit holidays). There were assessed the measures applied by the State, in particular, credit holidays for individuals and restrictions for banks in issuing loans through introduction of a mandatory debt load indicator, which will contribute to improvement of the current situation with huge debt and to reduction of social risks. Although in the long run — in terms of the overall impact on the country's economy — a reduction in public borrowing may reduce the contribution of consumer credit to economic growth and slow it down. It is concluded that despite the measures taken by the State, the existing level of the population borrowing is a great danger due to the reduction of income as the economic consequence of the coronavirus pandemic.
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Whymark, John. "Benchmarking and credit risk management in financial services." Benchmarking for Quality Management & Technology 5, no. 2 (June 1998): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000004492.
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Zust, Mark R. "Suggesting a health services credit card to patients." Journal of the American Dental Association 145, no. 8 (August 2014): 865–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8177(14)60199-9.
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Birkenmaier, Julie, and Sabrina Watson Tyuse. "Affordable Financial Services and Credit for the Poor." Journal of Community Practice 13, no. 1 (June 14, 2005): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j125v13n01_05.
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Redondo, Jose Manuel, and Francisco Ortin. "A SaaS Framework for Credit Risk Analysis Services." IEEE Latin America Transactions 15, no. 3 (March 2017): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tla.2017.7867597.
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Therese Massey, Marie. "Practice nurses maintain services, but get little credit." Primary Health Care 32, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.32.1.18.s6.
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Efris Saputri, Eka Julianti, and Fitri Chairunnisa. "FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY AND IT’S IMPACT ON MSMEs IN CHOOSING BANK CREDIT SERVICES IN JAMBI." Journal of Business Studies and Mangement Review 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jbsmr.v4i2.13188.
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Fintech supports the implementation of electronic applications, one of which is access to financial inclusion, this is evident from the increasing financial inclusion in Indonesia, one of which is in Jambi City. Until 2018, the development of bank credit debit trays in Indonesia continued to increase. With the presence of fintech companies in Indonesia, several SMEs who were met admitted to applying for credit in addition to using bank credit services, namely applications launched by Fintech companies. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The data collection method in this research is by distributing questionnaires and conducting interviews with correspondents. By using logistic regression, the purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence SMEs in choosing bank credit services in Jambi City with the presence of financial technology. The results are only a few factors that influence SMEs in choosing bank credit services in Jambi.
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Abeldina, Zh, Zh Moldumarova, G. Abildina, and R. K. Abeldina. "Rating as an indicator of the quality of a teacher’s professional activity." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. Pedagogy series 101, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021ped1/57-65.
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The article examines several aspects of the quality of educational services. The process of providing such services is examined, the problems in the field of teaching physics and mathematics are identified and the ways of problem resolution in the credit learning system are proposed. The introduction of credit learning technology allows for stimulation of students’ learning activity and an increase in their motivation and the level of academic mobility. The ways of increasing the motivational activity of the teacher as another key figure in the educational process are identified. The current remuneration system for university teachers in Kazakhstan accounts for work experience and the position held and includes additional payments for an academic degree but does not stimulate teachers for continuous additional training. On the other hand, the salary volume does not contribute to the high social prestige of this profession, which is complex and requires genuine pedagogical skills. The quality of teaching staff is associated with the quality of education acquired by students. In the context of the credit rating system, it is not only students who earn credits, but also teachers who should substantiate and improve their qualifications measured by their rating.
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Johan, Zaimy Johana, and Lennora Putit. "Consumers‟ Acceptance of „Halal‟ Credit Card Services: An Empirical Analysis." Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research 3, no. 1 (January 31, 2015): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jeeir.v3i1.9051.
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Many past researches have been carried out in an attempt to continuously understand individuals‟ consumption behaviour. This study was conducted to investigate key factors influencing consumers‟ potential acceptance of halal (or permissible) financial credit card services. Specifically, it anticipated the influence of attitude, social influences and perceived control on consumers‟ behavioural intention to accept such services. In addition, factors such as religiosity and product knowledge were also postulated to affect consumers‟ attitude towards the act of using halal credit cards for any retail or business transactions. Using non-probability sampling approach, a total of 500 survey questionnaires was distributed to targeted respondents in a developing nation but only 220 usable feedbacks were received for subsequent data analysis. Regression results revealed that religiosity and product knowledge significantly influence consumers‟ attitude toward using halal credit card services. Attitude in turn, subsequently has a significant impact on consumers‟ intention to accept halal financial credit card services. Several theoretical and managerial contributions were observed in this study.
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Rahmania, Yuniatri Fara. "Restrukturisasi Kredit Kepemilikan Rumah Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus Pada Bank BTN)." Jurist-Diction 4, no. 3 (May 24, 2021): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jd.v4i3.26994.
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AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic has affected Indonesia’s economic situation. One of the examples of how COVID-19 affects Indonesia’s economy is the decreasing of debtor capability to finish their obligation in paying credits. Almost all kinds of credits are affected, not to mention the House Ownership Credit. Responding to the situation, Financial Services Authority (FSA) issues a regulation related to the regulation of national economic stimuli during the COVID-19 pandemic and continued by the existence of internal regulation on each bank, as done by Bank Tabungan Negara (Bank BTN) as one of the bank in Indonesia who supports House Ownership Credit movement for Indonesian people.Keywords: Credit; Credit Restructuritation; House Ownership Credit; COVID-19 Pandemic.AbstrakPandemi COVID-19 berimbas pada keadaan perekonomian di Indonesia. Salah satu Contoh imbas COVID-19 pada perekonomian Indonesia yaitu menurunnya kemampuan debitur dalam menyelesaikan kewajibannya dalam melakukan pembayaran Kredit. Hampir seluruh jenis kredit terimbas keadaan tersebut tidak terkecuali Kredit Pemilikan Rumah (KPR). Menanggapi keadaan tersebut, Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) mengeluarkan peraturan terkait peraturan mengenai stimulus perekonomian nasional pada masa Pandemi COVID-19 dan ditindak lanjuti dengan adanya peraturan Internal pada masing-masing Bank, seperti yang dilakukan oleh Bank Bank Tabungan Negara (Bank BTN) sebagai salah satu bank yang ada di Indonesia yang mendukung pergerakan KPR bagi masyarakat Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Kredit; Restrukturisasi kredit ; Kredit Pemilikan Rumah; Pandemi COVID-19.
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Rakhman, M. S., and O. M. Haltseva. "Analyzing the Structural Changes in the Credit Performance Indicators of Banks of Ukraine." Business Inform 9, no. 512 (2020): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-9-228-238.
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The revenue part of the banking institution is formed mainly due to the volume of credits provided and depends on the conditions of crediting the financial services market participants. Consequently, the insufficiency or inaccessibility of credit resources adversely affects the status of the entire economy. The article is aimed at an economic and statistical analysis of the current status of credit activity of the banking system of Ukraine in the dynamic conditions of development of the national economy, identifying tendencies, substantiating the prospects for expanding and reducing the risks of credit activities of banking institutions. The role and tasks of the bank’s credit operations in the country’s economy are considered; the status of the credit portfolio of the banking system in recent years is characterized; a new redistribution of banks to groups by the structure of authorized capital and the size of assets is provided. An analysis of the volumes and structure of the banks’ assets in terms of organizational and legal forms of ownership (public, private, foreign) and the proportion of credits in the structure of assets is carried out. The authors analyze changes in the total volumes and dynamics of crediting in terms of: crediting entities; national and foreign currencies; dynamics of the exchange rate and the structure of crediting by type of activity. The impact of seasonality of credit provision is identified. An assessment of the number, structure and volumes of crediting by non-financial credit institutions is provided. The predictive models are developed using different mathematical functions and statistical methods. As a result of the carried out SWOT-analysis, the main problems and shortcomings of the banking system are identified. A project of recommendations on reducing credit risks is proposed.
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GUL’MAGOMEDOVA, G. A., S. A. GAMZATOVA, and P. M. SHABANOVA. "DEPOSIT AND CREDIT RETAIL SERVICES IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 4, no. 12 (2020): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.12.04.011.
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In modern conditions, credit organizations are developing and offering an increasing number of products and services on the market, and the provision of retail banking services to the population is becoming a promising area of banking activity, especially in regions where the market is poorly developed, and the potential of the population's solvency is growing. The purpose of the work is to analyze and assess the situation in one of the banking services segments of the Republic of Dagestan – retail banking services in terms of Deposit and credit services in this region.
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Farid, Kholi. "PENGARUH LOKASI, TINGKAT SUKU BUNGA, PELAYANAN DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGAMBILAN KREDIT (Studi Pada PD. BPR BKK Kota Semarang Cabang Gayamsari)." Fokus Ekonomi : Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi 14, no. 2 (December 8, 2019): 391–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.34152/fe.14.2.391-405.
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The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of location, interest rates, services and promotion of community decisions in taking credit. The population in this study were all PD credit customers. Semarang City BKK BPR Branch Gayamsari as many as 218 customers (Data As of December 2017). While the samples taken were 70 people. The sampling technique used is Convenience Sampling. The data analysis tool used in this study is multiple regression analysis. Based on the results of the study: There is a significant influence between the location of community decisions in taking credit, There is a significant influence between interest rates on community decisions in taking credit, There is a significant influence between services to community decisions in taking credit, There is a significant influence between promotion of community decisions in taking credit. Simultaneously there is a significant influence between location, interest rates, service and promotion of community decisions in taking credit
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Kehinde, Ayodeji Damilola, and Muyiwa Sunday Olatidoye. "Credit Constraint and Technical Efficiency of Smallholder Cassava Farmers in Osun State, Nigeria." Agricultura 16, no. 1-2 (2019): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/agricultura.16.1-2.27-33.2019.
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This study investigated the effect of credit constraint on technical efficiency of smallholder cassava farmers in Osun State, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 200 smallholder cassava farmers using a multi-stage sampling procedure. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and stochastic frontier model. Results from the descriptive statistics showed that majority (81%) of the cassava farmers were male with the mean age of 44.1 (±14.9) years. About 86% of the respondents were married with mean household size of 6.9 (±3.5) persons. The results further revealed that 65% of the farmers were credit constrained. Results obtained from the stochastic frontier model showed that smallholder cassava farmers had an average technical efficiency of 73.6% in cassava production. The empirical results from the frontier model showed that man-day of labour significantly influence the technical efficiency of smallholder cassava farmers in Osun State. However, access to credit, amount of credit constrained and years of education were the major sources of technical inefficiencies among smallholder cassava farmers. The study concluded that majority of smallholder cassava farmers were credit constrained, as the amount of credit they received is not sufficient for their production which subsequently affected their technical efficiency. It was recommended that organizations giving agricultural credits to cassava farmers should enhance their credit services. This will assist smallholder cassava farmers to improve their technical efficiency.
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Goyal, Anita. "Role of supplementary services in the purchase of credit card services in India." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 16, no. 4 (December 2004): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13555850410765258.
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Chiipesh, Natalia Mikolaivna. "SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE CLASSIFICATION OF INNOVATIONS OF CREDIT INSTITUTIONS." SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN OF POLISSIA, no. 2(21) (2020): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2020-2(21)-155-162.
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Abstract.Сredit institution is an important component of the country’s financial market, and lending is one of the priority places, as income from its implementation is the main share of the total income of the financial institution.Today, credit institutions are actively involved in the process of digitalization of the financial services market, developing new products for their customers. One of the main factors of successful lending is the introduction of innovations in the process of providing services by credit institutions. Therefore, it becomes important to study the areas of innovation of credit institutions, deepening the theoretical and methodological provisionsfor studying their nature, typesandfeatures of developmentand implementation of innovations in the work.The articles explore theoretical approaches to the definition of "innovation", "financial innovation". Credit innovation is singled out as a separate economic category.A study of the available in the scientific literature defined the concept of "credit innovation" asthe main object. It is analyzed that innovations in the credit services market are the result of effective innovation. It is determinedthat during scientific classes the attention of researchers is paid to the study of various aspects of credit institution’s innovations, but currently there is no generally accepted classification of creditinnovations. With this in mind, the article formulates and groups the classification features of credit innovations, namely by time, by reasons of origin, by scope, by the impact of innovation on consumer behavior, by scope, by research, by the pace of implementation, the effectiveness, efficiency and depth of changes. On these grounds, the types of innovations of credit institutions are identified and their significance is substantiated.
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Barnett, William A., and Liting Su. "RISK ADJUSTMENT OF THE CREDIT-CARD AUGMENTED DIVISIA MONETARY AGGREGATES." Macroeconomic Dynamics 23, S1 (June 6, 2018): 90–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100518000160.
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While credit cards provide transactions services, as do currency and demand deposits, credit cards have never been included in measures of the money supply. The reason is accounting conventions, which do not permit adding liabilities, such as credit card balances, to assets, such as money. However, economic aggregation theory and index number theory measure service flows and are based on microeconomic theory, not accounting. Barnett et al. derived the aggregation and index number theory needed to measure the joint services of credit cards and money. They derived and applied the theory under the assumption of risk neutrality. But since credit card interest rates are high and volatile, risk aversion may not be negligible. We extend the theory by removing the assumption of risk neutrality to permit risk aversion in the decision of the representative consumer.
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Sarfo, Yaw, Oliver Musshoff, Ron Weber, and Michael Danne. "Farmers’ willingness to pay for digital and conventional credit: Insight from a discrete choice experiment in Madagascar." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): e0257909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257909.
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In recent decades, microfinance institutions with financial products designed for low income groups have been established all over the world. However, credit access for farmers in developing countries remains low. Digital financial services are rapidly expanding globally at the moment. They also bear great potential to address the credit needs of farmers in remote rural areas. Beyond mobile money services, digital credit is successively offered and also discussed in literature. Compared to conventional credit which is granted based on a thorough assessment of the loan applicant’s financial situation, digital credit is granted based on an automated analysis of the existing data of the loan applicant. Despite the potential of digital credit for serving the credit needs of rural farmers, empirical research on farmers’ willingness to pay for digital credit is non-existent. We employ a discrete choice experiment to compare farmers’ willingness to pay for digital and conventional credit. We apply loan attributes which reflect typical characteristics of both credit products. Our results indicate a higher willingness to pay for digital credit compared to conventional credit. Furthermore, we find that the proximity to withdraw borrowed money has a higher effect on farmers’ willingness to pay for digital credit compared to conventional credit. Furthermore, our results show that instalment repayment condition reduces farmers’ willingness to pay for digital credit whilst increasing their willingness to pay for conventional credit. Additionally, we find that longer loan duration has a higher effect on farmers’ willingness to pay for digital credit compared to conventional credit whereas higher additional credit cost has a lower effect on farmers’ willingness to pay for conventional credit compared to digital credit. Our results highlight the potential of digital credit for agricultural finance in rural areas of Madagascar if a certain level of innovation is applied in designing digital credit products.
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Harlina, Sitti. "DATA MINING PADA PENENTUAN KELAYAKAN KREDIT MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-NN BERBASIS FORWARD SELECTION DATA MINING ON CREDIT FEASIBILITY DETERMINATION USING K-NN ALGORITHM BASED ON FORWARD SELECTION." CCIT Journal 11, no. 2 (August 18, 2018): 236–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v11i2.591.
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Along with the development of economic and banking services, the term credit is one of the banking products, in determining credit worthiness required data, information about creditworthiness is an interesting issue to be in carefully. In line with business growth, the leasing or crediting sector (credit), has complex and complex problems and problems in which the data are grouped into two classes, good credit and bad credit. In banking activities the feasibility of credit determination is often the problem of bad debts caused by the failure of partial return of loans provided to the borrowers for it required accurate data prior to lending or credit. So it is appropriate to use data mining classification techniques. This study discusses the Data Mining on the determination of creditworthiness using the K-nn-based Forward Selection algorithm. K-nn algorithm applied to consumer data using credit financial services with the help of Forward Selection. The experimental results show that K-nn in classifying credit risk has accuracy value for K-nn at K = 11 accuracy = 68,30%, and for Forward Selection at K = 9 which accuracy level = 73,60%, using feature Forward Selection can produce a good degree of accuracy, so it can be applied to determine the risk of credit risk eligibility.
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Astuti, Nanin Koeswidi. "PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM DALAM PENAGIHAN UTANG KARTU KREDIT OLEH DEBT COLLECTOR DAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN BANK." to-ra 3, no. 3 (January 11, 2018): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/tora.v3i3.1164.
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Abstract
Consumer nancing business in the form of Credit Card as a form of less cash society is developing in Indonesia has even become a culture in modern society coupled with the support of fast payment system, safe, ef cient and reliable, smoothness in payment, providing legal certainty for the community in doing transaction, but consumer nance business though very attractive but does not mean this business has no risk at all, as credit giving, the risk will still exist at the time of stalled payment of credit card arrears by consumers. In the event of a consumer credit crunch, banks usually use debt collection services known as debt collectors. Often debt collectors in doing debt collection services work unprofessionally even sometimes tend to do acts against the law, so it will cause harm to customers and credit card issuing bank, because it is not in accordance with what is expected.
Keywords: payment system; Credit Card; debt collectors; accordance.
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Panjaitan, Petrus Irwan. "MANFAAT PEMBINAAN BAGI NARAPIDANA SAAT MENJALANI PIDANA PENJARA." to-ra 3, no. 3 (January 11, 2018): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/tora.v3i3.1166.
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Abstract
Consumer nancing business in the form of Credit Card as a form of less cash society is developing in Indonesia has even become a culture in modern society coupled with the support of fast payment system, safe, ef cient and reliable, smoothness in payment, providing legal certainty for the community in doing transaction, but consumer nance business though very attractive but does not mean this business has no risk at all, as credit giving, the risk will still exist at the time of stalled payment of credit card arrears by consumers. In the event of a consumer credit crunch, banks usually use debt collection services known as debt collectors. Often debt collectors in doing debt collection services work unprofessionally even sometimes tend to do acts against the law, so it will cause harm to customers and credit card issuing bank, because it is not in accordance with what is expected.
Keywords: payment system; Credit Card; debt collectors; accordance.
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Forker, John, Johanne Grosvold, and Anne Marie Ward. "Management Models and Priorities in Member Associations." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 43, no. 2_suppl (September 13, 2013): 105S—123S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0899764013502581.
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Credit unions are membership-based cooperative financial services organizations that are run by and for their members. Historically, credit unions provided financial services for their members and encouraged community development through philanthropy and volunteering. The World Council of Credit Unions (WOCCU), the sector’s global trade association and development agency, encourages the adoption of a management model, coined “new model,” which encourages for-profit financial management practices. The “new model” approach is challenged by some practitioners and academics concerned that it will diminish the community involvement of credit unions. We explore the following research question: “Does the implementation of a management model that promotes for-profit-style financial management crowd out the community impact of credit unions?” We use a dataset extracted from 2,275 annual returns for 188 credit unions spanning 1996-2008, and find no evidence that community impact diminishes as a result of “new model” operating practices, suggesting a crowding-out effect is absent.
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Kaur, Dr Mandeep, and Dr Kamalpreet Kaur. "Diffusion and Adoption of Credit Cards in Indian Banking Sector." American Journal of Economics and Business Management 1, no. 2 (April 7, 2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31150/ajebm.vol1.iss2.21.
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The study emphasizes on the identification of factors, which may have influenced the banks to adopt credit cards along with their traditional banking services. Bank specific variables were investigated to deepen the understanding on the diffusion and adoption of credit cards. The data relating to sampled banks’ characteristics have been collected from database of Reserve Bank of India. To know about the status of the bank regarding its adoption of credit card, the websites and annual reports of the banks were explored during different intervals of time period of the study. The study considers the dependent variable i.e. adoption of credit cards as dichotomous variable, whether or not a bank renders the credit card services, denoting 1 if the bank has adopted credit card otherwise 0. The logistic regression has thus been applied to get the valid and reliable results. The empirical findings reveal that, size, non-interest income, non performing assets, profitability, age and market share of the bank are the variables which have contributed significantly in the diffusion and adoption of credit cards.
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Volosovich, Svetlana, and Victoria Krivosheeva. "Self-regulation of the credit services market for individuals." Economic Annals-ХХI 158, no. 3-4(2) (June 2016): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v158-18.
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