Relevant bibliographies by topics / Credit to the public sector

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Credit to the public sector'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Credit to the public sector"

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Nayan J., Nayan J., and Dr M. Kumaraswamy Dr. M. Kumaraswamy. "Retail Credit Risk Management in Indian Public Sector Banks." Global Journal For Research Analysis 3, no. 8 (June 15, 2012): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778160/august2014/10.

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Tunay, K. Batu, Hasan F. Yuceyılmaz, and Ahmet Çilesiz. "An International Comparison on Excessive Credit Expansion, Credit Guarantee Programs and The Risks Arising." Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 23, no. 1 (2020): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2020.23.1.83.

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Crediting in the banking sector plays an important role in all developed and developing countries. For this reason, it is monitored continuously by public authorities and measures are taken to control credit supply in economic growth periods. On the other hand, in an economic slowdown, when banks are reluctant to increase their credit portfolio, public credit guarantee programs are put into use to increase the credit supply. In this study, a sample covering 26 advanced and emerging economies was analyzed, and the effects of credit gap, credit guarantees and economic growth on credits and arising credit risks were investigated. The findings show that both credits and non-performing loans, an important measure of credit risk, are affected by credit gap, credit guarantees, and economic growth. On the one hand, public credit guarantees positively affect economic growth. On the other hand, though they are widely used for supporting small and medium-sized enterprises, our findings suggest that such expansive credit policies might negatively affect the riskiness of the credit portfolios and soundness of the banking sector.
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Innocent, Idachaba Odekina, Olukotun G. Ademola, and Elam Wunako Glory. "Influence of Bank Credits on the Nigerian Economy." American Economic & Social Review 5, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/aesr.v5i1.240.

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The aim of this study is to examine the influence of bank credits on the Nigerian economy using time series data covering the period from 1980 to 2017.Gross domestic product was used as proxy for the economy while credits to the private sector, public sector and prime lending rate were used as proxies of Banks credits. Unit root test was used to test stationary which reveals that all the variables were stationary at first difference. The regression analysis result shows that credit to the private sector have positive effect on Nigerian economy while credit to public sector and prime lending rate have negative effect on the Nigerian economy. The result of co-integration test presented reveals that there exist among the variables co-integration which means long-run analysis. It is recommended that, policy makers should focus attention on long-run policies to promote economic growth such as development of modern banking sector, efficient financial market, infrastructures.
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Youssef, Amel Ben. "Migration Analysis of Credit Risk in Tunisian Banking Sector." Indian Journal of Finance and Banking 2, no. 1 (March 9, 2018): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/ijfb.v2i1.91.

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In this paper, credit migration matrices are built to measuretransition probabilitiesat Tunisian credit institutions, allowing a comparison of credit risk quality shiftsfor public banks, private banks and leasing companies. We proposeto apply estimating Markov transition matrices using proportions data in order to be adapted to the scarcity of individual dataonloan quality transitions. We employ annual classification of assets issued in theregistration documents and annual financial reports during 2003-2014 period.It’s found from the analysis that the risk grade 2 has the greater tendancy to be downgraded than to be upgraded in public banks and in leasing companies.For the other risk grade 3, the upgradation in the category is higher than the downgradation in all cases. The resultsindicate that the public banks are the riskiest credit institution in Tunisia and there is a lack of rigor in loan classification inpublic and private banks. The findings are useful and critical for supervisory purposes and foroptimizing bank credit risk management.
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Pariser, David B. "Implementing Federal Credit Reform: Challenges Facing Public Sector Financial Managers." Public Budgeting & Finance 12, no. 4 (December 1992): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-5850.00952.

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Abdou, Hussein A., and John Pointon. "Credit scoring and decision making in Egyptian public sector banks." International Journal of Managerial Finance 5, no. 4 (September 25, 2009): 391–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17439130910987549.

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Waqar Azeem Naqvi, Syed M., Tahseen M. Khan, and Sayyid Salman Rizavi. "The Efficiency of Credit Portfolio Management in Pakistan’s Banking Sector." Lahore Journal of Business 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/ljb.2016.v4.i2.a3.

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This study highlights the differences in performance of commercial banks operating in Pakistan in the context of credit portfolio management. Specifically, we look at their credit allocation policies and outcomes in the shape of nonperforming loans (NPLs). We categorize a sample of 34 banks into four major groups: public, private, Islamic and foreign banks. The study tests several hypotheses related to the overall efficiency of banks’ credit portfolio management over time as well as the drivers of NPLs and priority sectors for lending across these four categories. The findings broadly suggest that public banks tend to suffer most from NPLs, whereas Islamic and foreign banks manage their portfolios more efficiently. NPLs are highest in the priority lending sectors across all types of banks, which underscores the inefficiency of managerial decision-making when managing credit portfolios. Over time, at an aggregate level, all four types of banks have become less efficient, as reflected by the increase in NPLs as a percentage of gross credit and assets.
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Oladimeji, Ebenezer O., Ebenezer Bowale, and Henry Okodua. "How Effective Is the Monetary Policy on the Real Sector in Nigeria?" Research in World Economy 11, no. 5 (September 3, 2020): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v11n5p388.

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In the past few years, the real sector became an area of interest in scholarly and public intellectual discuss, towards a sustainable performance of the Nigerian economy. Successive governments also realized the need to diversify the economy from high dependence on oil into deepening the real sector, through monetary policy that allows more credit flow to the real sector. In a quest to reconcile the current state of the Nigerian real sector with the renewed efforts of the government and the monetary authority to revamp the sector, this study investigated the effectiveness of this process and reexamined the transmission channels, using a structural vector autoregressive econometric approach (SVAR). The results showed that the credit channel and asset price channel are the dominant monetary policy transmission channels to the real sector. However, there was a significant effect on the effectiveness of the transmission process, when credit risk was added to the model, as it revealed vital information about the behaviour of the banking system in response to monetary policy actions of the monetary authority, during the period of high credit risk/default risk. This study, therefore, recommends that monetary authorities should always consider the credit preference of the banking system and the order of transmission channels, before embarking on any monetary policy aimed at stimulating the real sector and other sectors of the economy.
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Strow, Brian, and Claudia Strow. "Institutional barriers to productive public-sector entrepreneurship." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 7, no. 4 (December 4, 2018): 306–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-d-18-00040.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline barriers to public-sector entrepreneurship and explore the impact of those barriers on population shifts within the USA. Design/methodology/approach This paper lays out five specific barriers to public-sector entrepreneurship: barriers to entry and exit for consumers and producers, increased centralization and concentration in government, the lack of residual claim amongst public-sector actors, the rise of public-sector union membership and increasingly uncompetitive elections. The paper then assesses the impact of each of these barriers on population and production changes within the USA from 2010 to 2017. Findings Those state governments with limited barriers for productive public-sector entrepreneurship are rewarded with faster growing populations. Specifically, states with higher incomes, less centralized spending, lower public-sector unionization rates and higher state credit ratings tend to experience the greatest levels of population growth. States with less centralized spending also experience the largest increases in gross state product per capita. Practical implications This paper offers practical applications for policy makers wishing to increase their tax bases, increase the standard of living for their constituents or increase the efficiency in production and distribution of government goods and services. In particular, this paper offers evidence that an improved credit rating carries the most economic significance for population gains. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to examine Tiebout effects from barriers to public-sector entrepreneurship in the USA. Researchers in fields including political science, economics, management and public policy have all contributed to our understanding of public entrepreneurship. And yet, there are still numerous barriers preventing productive public-sector entrepreneurship from occurring at an optimal level.
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Bell, Justine. "Marketing Academic Internships in the Public Sector." Public Personnel Management 23, no. 3 (September 1994): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102609402300311.

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One option to alleviate public sector staff work is the introduction of energetic and creative apprentices as academic interns. Academic interns need not be compensated with monies not readily available from municipal budgets. Instead they can be compensated in other substantial ways. Academic interns receive credit toward completion of their degree requirements; valuable work experience, the chance to learn first hand the inner workings of public service. Additionally, they are afforded the opportunity to observe aspects of the public policy process. Recruitment of academic interns requires the establishment of a comprehensive contact-centered marketing plan. Moreover, recruiting and selecting interns should be an extension of what government is established to do — which is providing a service to the community.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Credit to the public sector"

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Garach, Jatin Bijay. "The Firm-Specific Determinants of Capital Structure in Public Sector and Private Sector Banks in India." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31673.

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The banking industry in India has undergone many phases in its history; evolving from a regulated, decentralised system in the early 1800’s, to a regulated, centralised system during British rule, to a nationalised system following India’s independence, and finally a combination of a nationalised and private system adopting global standards as it currently stands. This study has two main aims. Firstly, it will assess the relationship between the firm-specific determinants of capital structure, based on the prevailing literature, and the capital structure of public and private sector banks in India. Secondly, it will determine whether there is a difference in the firm-specific factors that contribute to the determination of the capital structure of public sector banks and private sector banks. This study adopts quantitative methods, similar to previous studies on the relationship between capital structure and its firm-specific determinants. The dependent variable, being total leverage, is regressed against multiple independent variables, being profitability, growth, firm size and credit risk (hereinafter referred to as “risk” unless otherwise indicated) in a multivariate linear regression model. This study adds to the current literature by applying the same firm-specific independent variables to the case of private and public sector banks and then to evaluate and compare the similarities and differences between the regression outputs. The results show that for private sector banks, all independent variables are statistically significant in explaining total leverage, where all the independent variables conform to the current literature on capital structure – profitability (-), firm size (-), growth (+) and credit risk (-). Conversely, for public sector banks, all independent variables were considered to be statistically significant, except for credit risk – profitability (-), firm size (+) and growth (+). These results imply that credit risk is not an important determination in a nationalised banks’ capital structure; thus, providing evidence for the moral hazard theory of public sector banks.
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Salen, Pierrick. "L'emprunt des collectivités territoriales : un paradoxe du droit public financier." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010252.

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Le cadre juridique du recours des collectivités territoriales et de leurs groupements au crédit a subi d’importantes modifications lors des nombreuses réformes dont a fait l’objet le secteur public local.En dépit de ces évolutions, l’emprunt des collectivités territoriales continue d’être au coeur d’un paradoxe entre autonomie et contrainte. Il constitue d’abord un facteur d’autonomie pour les décideurs locaux comme cela s’est accentué avec la libéralisation du crédit qui s’est produite au cours de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle. Les collectivités territoriales doivent ainsi désormais user de cette autonomie pour répondre aux enjeux induits par la banalisation de cet instrument qui intègre dans une large mesure le champ du droit privé et dont les pratiques ne cessent de se complexifier. La liberté acquise n’est toutefois pas totale. D’une part, l’autonomie offerte au secteur public local dans son recours à l’emprunt ne reste que relative dès lors que l’État continue d’imposer un encadrement multiple et ce, tant à travers l’existence de règles que par la mise en place de procédures de contrôle.D’autre part, cette autonomie a fait émerger de nouveaux enjeux pour les décideurs locaux qui ont vula notion de risque financer s’inscrire au coeur de leurs politiques d’endettement. L’actualité la plus récente de l’emprunt local demeure du reste une parfaite illustration de ce paradoxe entre autonomie et contrainte avec des collectivités territoriales qui ont connu d’importantes difficultés liées à leur recours au crédit
Regarding the recourse of local authorities and their consortiums to credit, the applicable legalframework went through a number of significant modifications. These modifications took place duringthe numerous reforms of the local public sector. In spite of these evolutions, the indebtness capacity of local authorities continues to be at the heart of an autonomy and constraint paradox. Theliberalisation of credit that took place during the second half of the XXth century accentuated theautonomy factor for local deciders. Local authorities must use this autonomy to find solutions to thechallenges induced by the trivialization of this tool - a tool that for a large part incorporates privatelaw - and the practices of which never cease to increase in complexity. The acquired liberty ishowever not absolute. On one hand the autonomy given to the local public sector in its recourse to debt remains relative as long as the State continues to impose a multi-layered framework - this takingplace not only through the existence of rules but also through the implementation of contro lprocedures. On the other hand, this same autonomy enabled the rise of new challenges for localdeciders : the notion of financial risk found itself at the very heart of their debt policies. The mostrecent event with regards to local debt is a perfect illustration of this autonomy and constraintparadox, and local authorities faced great difficulties regarding their resort to credit
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Camargo, Patrícia Olga [UNESP]. "A evolução recente do setor bancário no Brasil." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90033.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:52:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 camargo_po_me_arafcl.pdf: 1072617 bytes, checksum: 530997cd270a2194199b8d7de86f6c84 (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O setor bancário brasileiro sempre possuiu características muito específicas em relação aos bancos instalados em outros países. Na segunda metade da década de 1990, com a entrada dos bancos estrangeiros no país, iniciou-se um processo de reestruturação bancária, que acarretou em importantes mudanças na estrutura e nos padrões de concorrência do setor. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo verificar a evolução e forma de atuação dos maiores bancos após esse processo de reestruturação, considerando o tipo de controle, se público, privado nacional ou privado estrangeiro.
The Brazilian banking sector always had very specific characteristics compared to banks located in other countries. In the second half of the 1990s, the entry of foreign banks in the country started a bank restructuring process, which resulted in important structural and pattern changes to competition in the sector. This dissertation aims to verify the progress and way of action of the major banks after this restructuring process, considering the type of control, whether public, domestic private or foreign private.
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Beníšek, Stanislav. "Mezinárodní rating a jeho využití pro veřejný sektor." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192593.

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The main focus of this is the use of credit rating by public sector entities and especially by so called sub-soverign entities, i.e. those that are below the central government. Author is primarily trying to understand to what extent credit rating is used by public sector entities globally, what role it plays in their activities, what motivates these entities to seek services of credit rating agencies and ultimately what benefits, if any, credit rating bring to them.
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Gomes, Dioscoro Mesquita. "Escassez de crédito bancário no Brasil: comparação internacional e evidência recente." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/6662.

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The objective of this work is to examine the level of bank credit in Brazil in the period after the Real Plan. To this, the work uses the Barajas and Steiner (2002) methodology but with a larger country sample (Brazil among nine Latin American countries and other forty outside Latin America). The results suggest that bank credit has not grown as expected and is still as volatile as the Latin America average. The size of the Brazilian banking system is not small as expected, but is less prone to lending to the private sector. Credit to the public sector still occupies a very important share of the Brazilian banking system balance sheet. About this matter the work shows that an increase in securitization could increase significantly the credit to the private sector.
O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o nível de crédito bancário no Brasil no período pós implantação do Plano Real. Para isso, o trabalho utiliza a metodologia de Barajas e Steiner (2002) mas utilizando uma amostra maior de países (além da economia brasileira, nove países da América Latina e quarenta não América Latina). Os resultados encontrados mostram que o crédito bancário historicamente não cresceu como o esperado e ainda é tão volátil quanto a média América latina. O sistema bancário não mostrou-se menor do que o esperado para a economia brasileira, mas é menos propenso ao crédito ao setor privado. O crédito ao setor público ainda ocupa uma fatia muito relevante no balanço do agregado bancário e sobre esse respeito o trabalho mostra que um aumento na securitização e cessão de crédito aumenta significativamente o crédito ao setor privado.
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Sogut, Erzen. "The Determinants Of Financial Development And Private Sector Credits: Evidence From Panel Data." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610098/index.pdf.

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This study investigates the determinants of financial development and private sector credits for a panel of 85 developing and industrial countries using annual data from 1980 to 2006. The results from the panel cross-sectional fixed effects procedure suggest that an increase in the public sector credits and central government debt leads to a decrease in private sector credits in low income and lower middle income counties. For this group of countries, public sector credits, albeit leading to a financial crowding out, are found to be enhancing financial development. For the upper middle income and high income countries, private sector credits are found to increase with public sector credits and financial development and decrease with central government debt. Financial development is affected adversely from inflation and positively from real GDP and public sector credits in high income countries. In upper middle income countries both real GDP and credits to public sector affect financial development positively. In low income countries, on the other hand, public sector credits and inflation are correlated positively with financial development.
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Camargo, Patrícia Olga. "A evolução recente do setor bancário no Brasil /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90033.

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Orientador: Eduardo Strachman
Banca: Enéas Gonçalves de Carvalho
Banca: Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Carvalho
Resumo: O setor bancário brasileiro sempre possuiu características muito específicas em relação aos bancos instalados em outros países. Na segunda metade da década de 1990, com a entrada dos bancos estrangeiros no país, iniciou-se um processo de reestruturação bancária, que acarretou em importantes mudanças na estrutura e nos padrões de concorrência do setor. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo verificar a evolução e forma de atuação dos maiores bancos após esse processo de reestruturação, considerando o tipo de controle, se público, privado nacional ou privado estrangeiro.
Abstract: The Brazilian banking sector always had very specific characteristics compared to banks located in other countries. In the second half of the 1990s, the entry of foreign banks in the country started a bank restructuring process, which resulted in important structural and pattern changes to competition in the sector. This dissertation aims to verify the progress and way of action of the major banks after this restructuring process, considering the type of control, whether public, domestic private or foreign private.
Mestre
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Sierra, Torre Marion. "Trois essais sur la comptabilité de la dette publique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED002.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse à la comptabilisation de la dette publique sous trois angles distincts et complémentaires. Tout d’abord, nous étudions les normes de comptabilité des retraites publiques. Nous développons une grille théorique d’analyse comparée et diachronique s’appuyant sur un examen des pratiques existantes. Notre analyse met en évidence que les dispositifs existant en Europe sont incompatibles avec le modèle d’épargne individuelle tel que promu par la norme IPSAS 25. Ensuite, nous analysons la relation entre comptabilité de la dette et milieu politique, et en particulier l’hypothèse d’une sous-estimation de la dette en période d’élection. Notre analyse des révisions comptables permet de valider cette hypothèse et indique que les pays en développement sont les plus affectés par cette sous-estimation. Enfin, nous analysons l’impact du caractère sollicité ou non d'une notation sur celle-ci, ainsi que sur l’évaluation de la dette publique par les agences de notation. Notre analyse de Moody’s, Fitch, et S&P indique que les agences favorisent les pays qui sollicitent leur notation par rapport à ceux qui ne la sollicitent pas
This thesis deals with the accounting of public debt from three distinct and complementary analytical perspectives. First, we study the accounting standards for retirement obligations. We develop a theoretical evaluation grid using a comparative and diachronic analysis based on the review of existing practices. Our analysis highlights that the existing pension schemes in Europe are incompatible with the individual savings model as promoted by the IPSAS 25 norm. Second, we analyze the relationship between debt accounting and the political environment, and test the hypothesis of an underestimation of debt levels around elections. Results allow us to validate our hypothesis and indicate that developing countries are most affected by this underestimation. Third, we examine the impact of the solicitation status of a sovereign rating on the rating itself and on the public debt level assigned by rating agencies. Focusing on Moody’s, Fitch, and S&P, our findings indicate that agencies favor countries soliciting their rating comparing to those who do not solicit them
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Júnior, Henrique Oswaldo Massena Reis. "Decomposição do Spread Bancário no Brasil:uma análise do período recente (2000-2008)." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4835.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Esta dissertação avalia a evolução e estrutura do spread bancário ex-post no Brasil, no período 2000-2008, usando o método de decomposição contábil. Esta avaliação é feita em três partes. Na primeira estuda-se o setor bancário como um todo utilizando uma amostra de 30 bancos representando 89,8% do total de ativos do Consolidado bancário I (bancos comerciais e bancos múltiplos que tenham uma carteira comercial) no ano 2008. Na segunda a análise é realizada levando em conta as especificidades dos diferentes segmentos de bancos (grandes bancos varejistas, bancos varejistas públicos e bancos especializados em crédito), definidos considerando características como tamanho, tipo de negócio e clientela, característica do funding, etc., e ainda o controle de capital (público, privado nacional e estrangeiro). Por fim, numa terceira parte, considera-se, sobretudo o nicho do mercado de crédito que o banco atua. Esta segmentação do setor bancário permite avaliar a evolução do spread e sua decomposição, assim como comparar os diferentes segmentos do mercado de crédito no Brasil. A principal conclusão da dissertação é que a diferenciação da amostra de bancos por segmento ou por nicho de mercado tem implicações importantes para análise do nível e decomposição do spread bancário.
This dissertation evaluates the evolution and structure of the ex-post bank spread (net interest margin) in Brazil in the 2000-2008 period using the method of accounting decomposition. This evaluation is made in three parts. In the first one the banking sector is studied as a whole using a sample of 30 banks that involve 89.8% of the total assets of banking sector in 2008. In the second part an analysis is carried out taking in account the peculiarities of the different segments of banks (great retail banks, public retail banks and banks specialized in credit), defined considering a set of features that include size, type of business and clientele, characteristic of funding, and the capital ownership (public, private domestic and foreign one). Finally, in a third part, it is considered the niche of the credit market that the bank acts. This segmentation of the banking sector allows us to evaluate the evolution of spread and its decomposition, as well as comparing the different segments of the credit market in Brazil. The main conclusion of the dissertation is that to divide the sample of banks according to the segment or niche of market has important implications for the analysis of the level and decomposition of bank spread.
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Čuba, Vojtěch. "Finanční zajištění veřejného projektu v průběhu jeho realizace." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-239945.

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The subject of this thesis is to depict the financial provision of a public project during its implementation that includes the draft of its financial provision and the appraisal of the financial feasibility of the investment project. The theoretical part is focused on clarifying the basic concepts that explain the issues of public projects, the public sector and public procurement. The end of the theoretical part describes the various ways to finance public projects. The second part of the thesis is practical. In this part I focused on the creation of the ways to finance the project “Realization of energy savings” that are possible, including the reconstruction of the roof of the building of the Police of the Czech Republic in Brno, at street Cejl No. 474 and No. 159 and the proposal of the optimal financing options.
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Books on the topic "Credit to the public sector"

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Rahman, Sarker Md Maksudur. Credit management of commercial banks: A comparative study of public and private sector banks. Dhaka: Bureau of Business Research, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka, 1996.

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Mentré, Paul. Les institutions d'épargne en Europe et en France: Le secteur public et mutualiste. Paris: Association d'économie financière, 2003.

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Petrei, A. Humberto. Budget and control: Reforming the public sector in Latin America. Washington, D.C: Inter-American Development Bank, 1998.

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Ahmed, Iftekhar Uddin. Credit management in commercial banks: A comparative study of public and private sectors in Bangladesh. Dhaka: Pallab Publishers, 1994.

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Chandra, Dinesh. Rural credit, role of informal sector. New Delhi: Segment Books, 1993.

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W, Pendlebury M., ed. Public sector accounting. 3rd ed. London: Pitman, 1992.

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John, Bourn. Public Sector Auditing. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008.

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Public sector economics. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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Proctor, Tony. Public sector marketing. Harlow, England: FT Prentice Hall, 2007.

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M, Jackson P., ed. Public sector economics. 4th ed. Oxford, UK: B. Blackwell, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Credit to the public sector"

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Naidu, Suwastika, and Yashnita Naicker. "Financial Inclusion Policies and Supply of Domestic Credit to Private Sector." In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_4010-1.

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Michaelson, Rosa. "Is Agile the Answer? The Case of UK Universal Credit." In Grand Successes and Failures in IT. Public and Private Sectors, 295–309. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38862-0_18.

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Michoud, Bruno, and Manfred Hafner. "Risk Mitigation Instruments Targeting Specific Investment Risks." In Financing Clean Energy Access in Sub-Saharan Africa, 119–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75829-5_7.

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AbstractThis chapter focuses on instruments aimed at mitigating specific investment risks, including political, credit, currency and liquidity risks. It explores solutions emanating from both the public and private sectors.
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Stellinga, Bart, Josta de Hoog, Arthur van Riel, and Casper de Vries. "Conclusions and Recommendations." In Research for Policy, 195–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70250-2_8.

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AbstractIn this final chapter we discuss the book’s key findings. We first recap the operations of our current system and the problems it presents. We then discuss how the alternative of sovereign money would work and whether switching systems would be desirable. Finally, we consider what steps can be taken to address the major problems posed by the current system. We recommend restoring the balanced growth of credit and debt, and striking a better balance between public and private interests. This entails fostering greater diversity in the financial sector, curbing the excessive growth of debt, being prepared for the next crisis, and anchoring the public dimension of the banking system.
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Papanastasiou, Thomas-Nektarios. "The Implications of Political Risk Insurance in the Governance of Energy Projects: Τhe Case of Japan’s Public Insurance Agencies." In Public Actors in International Investment Law, 155–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58916-5_9.

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AbstractBy purchasing political risk insurance (PRI), investors can successfully strengthen their position in the host state, allocating the burden of political risk to third parties (insurance agencies). PRI is provided by international organisations, such as the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) and state-sponsored insurance agencies, known as export credit agencies (ECAs) or public insurance agencies. This chapter focuses on the insurance schemes of NEXI, Japan’s officially sponsored ECA, which plays a dominant role in providing PRI to Japanese nationals. The benefits of insurance agencies providing PRI schemes go beyond cash indemnification. PRI mechanisms include various policy requirements, operational conditions, and performance standards that not only influence the engagement of the insured investors, but also shape the regulatory authority of host governments and affect local communities. PRI plays a particularly crucial role in the governance of energy projects due to the complexity of this sector and its importance to states and local communities. However, there are policy and operational implications of PRI provision in the governance of energy projects with an adverse effect on local communities. In response, most insurance agencies like NEXI, have taken measures for socially and environmentally responsible investments, requiring their insured clients to comply with various social and environmental standards and establishing surveillance mechanisms and in-house grievance facilities. Even if these practices are moving in the right direction, their true functionality and effectiveness have not yet been proved.
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Fisher, Thomas, Vijay Mahajan, and Ashok Singha. "6. Rural credit policies and agencies." In Forgotten Sector, 146–79. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780442235.006.

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Bricault, G. C., P. Isbell, and J. L. Carr. "Public Sector." In Corporate Financial Services in Wales 1989, 165–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2739-1_18.

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Bricault, G. C. "Public Sector." In Financial Services in Wales 1991, 131–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3020-2_12.

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Chaston, Ian. "Public Sector." In Entrepreneurial Marketing, 314–46. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-50092-2_17.

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Foxell, Simon. "Private sector – public sector." In Professionalism for the Built Environment, 136–64. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge/Taylor & Francis, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315707402-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Credit to the public sector"

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Aseinov, Dastan. "Factors Affecting Cost Efficiency in the Banking Sector of Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01907.

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Instabilities in the banking sector have had an adverse effect on the economy as a whole, since the largest share in the financial system and financial intermediation in Kyrgyzstan have been captured by banking sector. Economic efficiency in banking can be viewed as a source of financial stability of banking system. Economic efficiency of the banking is more important challenge not only for shareholders and managers of banks, and also for regulation and supervision authorities, and public and potential investors. The aim of this study is to examine factors affecting the banking cost efficiency for Kyrgyz banks. It is also important to choose the appropriate approach in measurement of banking cost efficiency, since there are many different methods. In this study preferred stochastic frontier approach which assumes random error term which captures sampling, measurement and specification errors. We adopted stochastic cost frontier model proposed by Battese ve Coelli (1995) which also allow to examine investigate the impact of variables on efficiency. We used unbalanced panel data set captured 17-23 Kyrgyz commercial banks for period of 2000-2013. Obtained results suggest that capitalization, foreign ownership, credit risk, liquidity risk and currency risk have most influence on cost efficiency scores of banks calculated averagely at level of 0,766. Overall results indicate that domestic banks more cost efficient than domestic private and foreign banks. Average cost efficiency scores of domestic banks, foreign and separately public banks are 0,848; 0,649 and 0,875, respectively.
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Myasnikov, Aleksandr, Anna Orlova, and Gennady Kryksin. "Study of the Interrelation between the Dynamics of Wages in the Public and Private Economy Sectors." In 8th International Conference on Contemporary Problems in the Development of Economic, Financial and Credit Systems (DEFCS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201215.009.

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Raimi, Lukman, Mirela Panait, and Eglantina Hysa. "Financial Inclusion in ASEAN Countries – A Gender Gap Perspective and Policy Prescriptions." In 2nd International Conference Global Ethics - Key of Sustainability (GEKoS). LUMEN Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gekos2021/4.

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Financial inclusion is an increasingly intense issue that is of concern to the credit institutions and the public authorities. It has become topical and gained new value during this period of Covid-19 crisis. Although financial exclusion cuts across demographic categories, but certain categories of financial consumers such as women, young people, people with disabilities and those residing in rural areas have a low presence in the financial services sector. Previous studies attribute the incidence of financial exclusion of some segment of the society to low income, low level of financial education or difficult access to financial products and services generated by poor development of physical infrastructure. Is this true in the case of ASEAN region? A quantitative research approach was adopted in this study, while relying on the secondary data of the World Bank spanning 2011-2017, the UN Women ASEAN Gender Outlook report (2020 -2021), and enriched by scholarly works. The article focuses on the dimensions of the phenomenon of financial inclusion in ASEAN countries, with emphasis on the gender gap financial inclusion. The analysis of the extracted data reveals multiple differences among the countries in the region, a fact that can be explained by the different levels of financial technology development and the governmental interventions implemented to improve financial inclusion. On the strength of the findings, this paper argues that digitalization and financial innovation can also be solutions through which new consumers can be attracted to the financial system, but with these solutions come new challenges related to the protection of personal data and cyber security. For this reason, we believe that increasing financial inclusion must be approached at several levels and must involve joint efforts by public authorities, credit institutions and other categories of stakeholders.
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Lau, Hon Chung. "The Color of Energy: The Competition to be the Energy of the Future." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21348-ms.

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Abstract Energies may be described as brown, blue or green. Brown energies are CO2-emitting fossil fuels. Blue energies employ carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies to remove the emitted CO2 from brown energies. Green energies are zero or low CO2-emitting renewable energies. Likewise, energy carriers such as electricity and hydrogen may be described as brown, blue or green if they are produced from brown, blue or green energy, respectively. The transition from a high carbon intensity to a low carbon intensity economy will require the decarbonization of three major sectors: power, transport and industry. By analyzing the CO2 intensity and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of energy and energy carriers of different colors, we show that renewable energies are best used in replacing fossil fuels in the power sector where it has the most impact in reducing CO2 emission. This will consume the majority of new additions to renewable energies in the near to medium future. Consequently, the decarbonation of the transport and industry sectors must begin with the use of blue electricity, blue fossil fuels and blue hydrogen. To achieve this, implementation of large-scale CCS projects will be necessary, especially outside of USA and northern Europe. However, this will not happen until significant financial incentives in the form of carbon tax or carbon credit becomes available from national governments. Furthermore, private-public partnership and intergovernmental cooperation will be needed to implement these CCS projects.
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Aytaç, Deniz. "The Global Financial Crisis and the Stabilizing Effect of Financial Transaction Taxes." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00890.

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With the liberalization policies that started in the 1980s, almost a race began in lifting the barriers to capital movements, particularly in developing countries, with the aim of achieving capital inflows from countries with a savings surplus to countries with a current deficit. However, the crises that broke out one after another in the liberalized financial markets in the 1990’s and the global crisis that occurred in the 2007-2008 period as a result of increased volatility in short-term capital movements and of excessive credit growth have raised again the need to bring short-term capital movements under control. The present study discusses the feasibility of financial transaction taxes as a stabilizer in the economy due to the need to mitigate the destructive impacts of financial crises and to finance the economic damage after the crisis or, in other words, the increased need for fiscal consolidation resulting from the crisis. In the light of the findings obtained, it has been noted that financial transaction taxes applied at a low rate in financing the increased public debt on account of the support provided to the financial sector because of the crisis constitute an important item of revenue due to the high volatility in short-term capital movements. In this context, it has been concluded that financial transaction taxes, although difficulties are encountered in their application, can have a considerable stabilizing effect in the future, taking the periodical nature of financial crises into account.
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Pessanha Barreto, Iury, and Saulo Jardim de Araujo. "Financial Analysis: A Study on the Liquidity and Indebtedness of Brazilian Companies Listed on the Bovespa Index in the Period of Social Isolation Caused by Covid-19." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Perspectivas Online: Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8876113220212362.

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The present work aimed to carry out a study on the variation of liquidity and indebtedness of companies listed on the Bovespa Index of B3, for the four quarters of 2020, a period in which the world economy went through instabilities and imbalances due to the pandemic of Covid-19. Financial management is essential for companies, as without it managers can make inefficient decisions, which can negatively impact the company and its finances. The absence of good financial management can cause negative impacts on the company, especially in times of crisis, such as the period of the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, for a business to have good results, it is necessary to create strategies to manage the company's finances, including periodic liquidity and indebtedness analysis. Thus, the Current Liquidity Ratio (ILC) and the Cash Ratio(CI) were used to determine the liquidity of companies and their transformations for the period analyzed. For indebtedness, we sought to analyze the Liabilities/Assets Index and the Third-Party Capital/Equity Index. Data were collected from the Standardized Financial Statements (DFP) and Quarterly Information (ITR) available on the B3 page. In the analysis of this work, companies from the financial sector were excluded due to the incompatibility of accounting standards and the methodology addressed in the work. It was verified in the results that, on average, companies underwent a substantial increase in liquidity in 2020, mainly in the second quarter, in which there was an average increase, among the companies analyzed, of 33.18% in the Cash ratio. The Industrial Goods, Oil, Gas and Biofuels and Public Utilities sector had the greatest increases in liquidity in the period. In terms of indebtedness, it could be seen that there was an increase in the participation of third-party capital, but less significant than the increase in liquidity of companies. This suggests that liquidity was financed by reallocation of company assets and policies aimed at exchanging the companies' current liabilities for non-current liabilities. It is concluded that in periods of uncertainty, such as the COVID-19 Pandemic, one of the priorities of companies is in fact to strengthen cash through asset reallocation, liability refinancing and contracting of credit lines.
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Kutik, Jan. "PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC POLICY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b23/s7.055.

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Irawan, Bambang, Faria Ruhana, Abdul Nadjib, Irwandi, and Ananda Rivaldo Sari. "Development of the Public Sector HRM Model in Indonesia’s Public Sector." In 2nd Annual Conference on blended learning, educational technology and Innovation (ACBLETI 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210615.027.

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Zhao, Yan, Li Zhou, Fang Wu, Bisong Liu, and Zhihong Li. "Natural Person Public Credit Evaluation." In ICIMTECH 21: The Sixth International Conference on Information Management and Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3465631.3465734.

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Raup-Kounovsky, Anna, Jana Hrdinová, Donna S. Canestraro, and Theresa A. Pardo. "Public sector IT governance." In the 3rd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1693042.1693120.

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Reports on the topic "Credit to the public sector"

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Mendelsohn, Michael, Marley Urdanick, and John Joshi. Credit Enhancements and Capital Markets to Fund Solar Deployment: Leveraging Public Funds to Open Private Sector Investment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1172934.

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Hale, Thomas, Andreas Klasen, Norman Ebner, Bianca Krämer, and Anastasia Kantzelis. Towards Net Zero export credit: current approaches and next steps. Blavatnik School of Government, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp_2021/042.

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As the world economy rapidly decarbonises to meet global climate goals, the export credit sector must keep pace. Countries representing over two-thirds of global GDP have now set net zero targets, as have hundreds of private financial institutions. Public and private initiatives are now working to develop new standards and methodologies for shifting investment portfolios to decarbonisation pathways based on science. However, export credit agencies (ECAs) are only at the beginning stages of this seismic transformation. On the one hand, the net zero transition creates risks to existing business models and clients for the many ECAs, while on the other, it creates a significant opportunity for ECAs to refocus their support to help countries and trade partners meet their climate targets. ECAs can best take advantage of this transition, and minimise its risks, by setting net zero targets and adopting credible plans to decarbonise their portfolios. Collaboration across the sector can be a powerful tool for advancing this goal.
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Auerbach, Alan. Public Sector Dynamics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3508.

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Heiman, Don. Public-Sector Information Security: A Call to Action for Public-Sector CIOs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410220.

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Sheedy, William M. Partnering in the Public Sector. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada339337.

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Al-Mawlawi, Ali Al-Mawlawi. Public Sector Reform in Iraq. Chatham House, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15868/socialsector.37113.

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Mitchell, Olivia, and Ping Lung Hsin. "Public Sector Pension Governance and Performance". Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4632.

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Cutler, David. Health Care and the Public Sector. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8802.

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Feenberg, Daniel, and Harvey Rosen. Tax Structure and Public Sector Growth. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2020.

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Mitchell, Olivia, and Robert Smith. Pension Funding in the Public Sector. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3898.

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