Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cremations

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Academic literature on the topic 'Cremations'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cremations"

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van der Smissen, Doris, Margaret A. Steenbakker, Martin J. M. Hoondert, and Menno M. van Zaanen. "Music and cremation rituals in The Netherlands: A fine-grained analysis of a crematorium’s playlist." Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 34, no. 4 (December 6, 2018): 806–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqy068.

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Abstract Although music is an important part of cremation rituals, there is hardly any research regarding music and cremations. This lack of research has inspired the authors to conduct a long-term research project, focusing on musical and linguistic aspects of music played during cremations. This article presents the analysis of a playlist consisting of twenty-five sets of music, each consisting of three tracks, used in a crematorium in the south of The Netherlands from 1986 onward. The main objective is to identify the differences and similarities of the twenty-five sets of musical tracks regarding content and musical properties. Consequently, we aim to provide insight in the history of (music played during) cremation rituals in The Netherlands. To analyze the musical properties of the sets, the authors use both a qualitative approach (close reading and musical analysis) and a computational analysis approach. The article demonstrates that a combination of a close reading and musical analysis and a computational analysis is necessary to explain the differences in properties of the sets. The presented multi-method approach may allow for comparisons against musical preferences in the context of current cremations, which makes it possible to trace the development of music and cremation rituals.
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De Mulder, Guy, Mark Van Strydonck, Mathieu Boudin, and Ignace Bourgeois. "Unraveling the Occupation History of the Cremation Cemetery at Wijnegem/Blikstraat (Belgium)." Radiocarbon 59, no. 6 (November 20, 2017): 1645–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2017.109.

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ABSTRACTRecently a cremation cemetery was excavated at the site of Wijnegem where 29 cremation graves and 9 funerary monuments were uncovered. Thirty radiocarbon (14C) dates were carried out, mostly on cremated bone but also 10 charcoal samples were dated. Twenty-four cremations were studied. Four ring ditches were dated by charcoal samples from the infill of the ditch. The 14C dates showed an interesting long-term occupation of the cemetery. Different phases were ascertained. The history of the cemetery starts in the northern part of the site around a circular funerary monument. Two cremations were dated at the transition of the Early to Middle Bronze Ages. Two other graves represent the transition from the Middle to the Late Bronze Ages. The main occupation period dates between the end of the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. Finally, an isolated cremation grave marks the definite abandonment of the site during the Late Iron Age.
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Harman, Mary. "Cremations." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 53, S3 (1987): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00078749.

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All the extant cremation deposits were examined. The following details are given in the table below to convey some impression of the character of each deposit: the weight, the maximum length of the largest surviving piece of bone, and an assessment of the general size of the fragments. Large bones have a maximum dimension over 50 mm, medium are equal to or between 25 and 50 mm and small are less than 25 mm.
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Allen, Carol S. M., Mary Harman, and Hazel Wheeler. "Bronze Age Cremation Cemeteries in the East Midlands." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 53, no. 1 (1987): 187–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00006198.

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Two Bronze Age cremation cemeteries excavated between 1968 and 1975 are reported and discussed. At Coneygre Farm, Notts., fifty-one cremations were excavated, thirty-one in pots, six in cists, and fourteen uncontained. Cremations were deposited in a roughly linear arrangement and no barrow was found. At Pasture Lodge Farm, Lincs., twenty-seven pots were found, of which twenty-five had associated cremations, and fifteen further sherds could represent burials. Vessels in this cemetery form a small cluster. Pottery from these two cemeteries is broadly similar to Deverel-Rimbury ware and with vessels from other sites in the region is considered to form an East Midlands group of Bronze Age pottery. Vessels of this type from Frieston and Grantham, Lincs., are illustrated for the first time. Examination of thin sections of the pottery from the two cemeteries suggests that most, although not all, of the materials used could have been found locally. Organic remains found in thin sections provide environmental information. The effect of soils on durability of pots and their probable function is discussed. A direct relationship is noticed for the first time between the age of the cremated individual and the capacity of the pot in which the cremation was deposited.
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Bugajska, Karolina. "Cremation Burials of Stone Age Hunter-Gatherers on the European Plain." Światowit, no. 59 (June 27, 2021): 15–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/0082-044x.swiatowit.59.4.

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Cremation burials of Stone Age hunter-gatherers were found at 21 sites across the European Plain (including southern Scandinavia). In total, there are 54 graves and deposits containing bones of at least 89 individuals. Sites with Mesolithic cremations are unevenly spread over the European Plain and there are some regions where this type of burial was more common, such as the Seine Valley and the Low Countries, southern Scandinavia or north-eastern Poland. In all of these regions, the oldest burials are dated to the Early Mesolithic, which indicates a parallel and independent origin of this custom. Moreover, each region or even cemetery has its own features of the cremation rite. In both the Western European Plain and southern Scandinavia, most burials are dated to the Middle Mesolithic and there are only a few examples linked to the Late Mesolithic. North-eastern Poland, including the Dudka cemetery, is probably the only region where cremation was practised on a wider scale in the Late Mesolithic and para-Neolithic. The share of cremations among all burial types differs between regions and cemeteries. It was probably a dominant practice in the Middle Mesolithic in the Netherlands. In other cases, cremation probably involved a large part of the local hunter-gatherer society, for instance at the Dudka cemetery in Masuria or in the Middle Mesolithic of Vedbæk Fiord (Zealand), whereas at the cemeteries in Skateholm it amounted to only a few percent, suggesting that it was practised in the case of the deceased of particular status or in unusual circumstances only.
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Stead, S. "Appendix I: Report on the Cremations from Sarn-Y-Bryn-Caled, Welshpool, Powys." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 60, S1 (1994): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00078336.

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The adults appear to be healthy and relatively young. None has vertebral degeneration nor any trace of osteoarthritis. There is no dental pathology. As for age deduced from dental attrition, only the primary cremation from the timber circle (site 1) and cremation 3 from site 2 have useful molar crown fragments (either first or second). Both show some flattening of die occlusal surface but with wear limited to level 3. This would give an age of 17-25 if first molars and 25-35 if second - in any case an upper limit of 35. The secondary cremation in the timber circle (site 1) and cremation 1 in the floor of the southern ditch terminal of site 2 arc young adults between 17 and 25.The sexing of cremations in general has to be prefaced with a ‘probable’ because of the absence of the relevant pelvic remains, Le. the complete girdle with sub-pubic angle, etc.
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Minozzi, Simona, Valentina Giuffra, Jasmine Bagnoli, Emanuela Paribeni, Davide Giustini, Davide Caramella, and Gino Fornaciari. "An investigation of Etruscan cremations by Computed Tomography (CT)." Antiquity 84, no. 323 (March 1, 2010): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00099865.

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The cremation urn is a tiny archaeological site of its own, with finds, features, stratification and structure. The old prescription was to take the pot apart, or slice it, and micro-excavate with inevitable damage and loss. Here is a new methodology – the application of a CT scan as used in medicine. The authors evaluate the results on 35 Etruscan cremations, finding that CT not only provides an excellent guide for micro-excavation, but allows the degree of fragmentation to be appreciated inside the pot and maps those metal objects that have corroded to a crust and do not survive excavation. They emphasise the value of the method in making a ‘first resort’ primary record especially in commercial archaeology.
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Bewley, R. H., I. H. Longworth, S. Browne, J. P. Huntley, G. Varndell, P. Craddock, and I. Freestone. "Excavation of a Bronze Age Cemetery at Ewanrigg, Maryport, Cumbria." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 58, no. 1 (1992): 325–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00004217.

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Excavations at Ewanrigg, Maryport, Cumbria (NY035353) took place in 1983 and 1985–87. The site of a Bronze Age cremation cemetery was discovered whilst fieldwalking a crop-mark enclosure site; this site had been trial excavated in 1956 and shown to be a Romano-British settlement. During the excavations 28 burials were discovered, 26 being cremations and two inhumations. Both inhumations, one a Beaker burial and the other a cist burial with a Food Vessel, had been disturbed. The Bronze Age pottery assemblage was a mixture of Collared Urns and Food Vessel Urns; the Collared Urns are mainly Secondary Series with one showing some Primary Series traits. Fragments of two Beakers were discovered, one an N/MR Beaker and the other more in the long-necked Northern series tradition. All the pottery, except the N/MR Beaker, was made from local clay. Within one of the cremation burials a clay connecting rod for a furnace was discovered and apart from one other site this is the only discovery which shows any link between metal-working and the burials within the Collared Urn tradition. Also within the cremations were a number of toggles and pins made from animal bone. The human cremated bone was sufficiently well preserved to allow analysis to show that there were six female and five male burials. Radiocarbon samples, mainly on charcoal, gave a date range for the Collared Urns of 2460–1520 BC (calibrated to two standard deviations).
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McKinley, J. "Park of Tongland: Cremations." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 58, S2 (1992): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00079287.

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Harrington, David E. "Markets: Preserving Funeral Markets with Ready-to-Embalm Laws." Journal of Economic Perspectives 21, no. 4 (November 1, 2007): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.21.4.201.

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Thirty-nine states currently have ready-to-embalm laws, which typically require that all firms selling any type of funeral service (even those specializing in cremations) have embalming preparation rooms and all funeral directors be trained as embalmers. Ready-to-embalm laws are designed to preserve the status-quo in funeral markets, thereby protecting currently licensed funeral directors from the ravages of competition. These laws attempt to preserve funeral markets as they existed in the mid-twentieth century, markets that centered on traditional funerals sold by small, full-service funeral homes. The economic chemicals needed to preserve the status quo are harsh, leading to higher funeral prices and often poorer-quality services. The empirical evidence suggests that these laws reduce the cremation rate, the market share of Internet casket retailers, the penetration of national chains, and the number of funeral directors who are immigrants. They also appear to substantially increase the retail price of direct cremations and the cost of traditional funerals. Commissions in several states have recently recommended repealing ready-to-embalm laws, arguing that they are anticompetitive. The evidence presented in this paper should make their recommendations harder to ignore.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cremations"

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Sigvallius, Berit. "Funeral pyres : Iron Age cremations in North Spånga /." Stockholm : Osteological research laboratory, Stockholm university, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35723233x.

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Trautmann, Iris. "The significance of cremations in Early Neolithic communities in Central Europe." [S.l. : s.n.], 2006.

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Franzén, Emelie. "Rituellt, traditionellt eller funktionellt : en osteologisk analys och jämförelse av två förromerska gravfält från Skogome i Bohuslän och Smörkullen i Östergötland." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1356.

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This paper concerns a comparative analysis between two pre-Roman burial ground and the cremated individuals buried there, Skogome cemetery in Bohuslän and Smörkullen cemetery in Östergötland. The comparative analysis consists of several parts that concern both cemeteries inner and outer burial customs, and the osteological analysis of a total of 18 cremated invidvidulas. By studying the different parts separately, it has been possible to identify similarities and differences between the two contemporary cemeteries. There are great similarities between the cemeteries, differences were mainly observed in the osteological material relating to the amount of bone in each burial. The smaller amounts of bone in the graves of Skogome also holds a higher degree of fragmentation, but can not be explained by a higher combustion rate than the skeletal material from Smörkullen. This may indicate differences in the management of the individual’s remains after the cremation at the two sites. According to Borgström (1973) all agegroups probably buried in the cemetery Smörkullen, which also was observed trough the osteological analysis of the graves from Skogome. No gender assessments have been conducted since the methods have shown a need to further development in order to be applied on cremated individuals (Franzen 2011). Thus, questions about the gender distribution of the two grave fields remain unanswered. Mortality, health and gender assessments within of the two populations may be performed if the remaining graves from the burial grounds were further studied. The osteological analysis showed similar skeletal lesions of degenerative changes in the vertebraes in the two skeletal materials.The larger proportion of the graves contained no today preserved archaeological artefacts. The artefacts that occur are mainly different tools and costume details. The discussion has been an attempt to interpret these similarities and differences in order to identify if they could have a ritual, traditional or functional background. A clear distinction has been difficult. The analysis requires larger archaeological contexts, and further comparisons before this can be done. Local differences have been observed, but the great similarity between of the two burial grounds reflects the pre-Roman Iron Age expression in the mortuary traditions of the two populations.
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Aunér, Mimmi. "Gravmönster under yngre järnålder : en jämförelse mellan åländska och svenska gravfält." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1513.

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I denna uppsats har en osteologisk analys genomförts på ett material från åtta gravhögar med en vikt på 12 kg. Benmaterialet kommer från Finström 12.1, ett åländskt gravfält från yngre järnåldern. Syftet var att se om det fanns ett mönster i gravinnehållet och om det fanns en korrelation mellan kön, ålder, djurarter och fynd. Det osteologiska resultatet samt fyndmaterialet jämfördes sedan med tre åländska och tre svenska gravfält från samma tidsperiod för att se om det finns likheter eller skillnader mellan dessa lokaler i förhållande till gravsammansättning. Speciellt fokus har satts på relationen mellan människa och djur för att undersöka om kön eller ålder av den begravda individen har haft betydelse för vilka djur man gravlagts med. Resultatet blev att de djurartkombinationer som förekommer på Finström 12.1 fanns i varierande grad på de gravfält som användes i jämförelsen. Ingen djurart kunde kopplas till ett kön och det enda fynd som i detta material kan ses som könsbundet är björnklor som här endast förekommer i mansgravar. Ett mönster finns i gravläggnigen av djur; där får/get och svin nedlades i styckade kroppsdelar medan katt, hund och häst är hela individer. I gravar utan djur eller med endast får/get finns individer från barn till äldre vuxen representerade, medan gravar innehållande katt, får/get och katt, samt gravar med får/get, hund, häst och svin förekommer endast i vuxengravar. Individer begravda med får/get, hund, häst och svin kan möjligen alla ha ett ålderspann mellan 35-64 år. Baserat på de gravar som använts i analysen upplevs gravinnehållet vara individuellt utformat.
In this thesis the burial pattern of Iron Age graves is studied. As a case study eight graves from Finström 12.1, Åland are analysed. The aim is to see if there is a correlation between sex, age, animal sacrifices and archaeological finds. The result of the analysis is compared against three Iron Age cemeteries from the Åland Islands and three from Sweden. All of the animal combinations present at Finström 12.1 existed in varying degree in some or all of the selected cemeteries. Bones from animals found in the graves, did not show a correlation to sex, except claws from bear that were found only in male graves. The individuals that were buried with no animals or with sheep/goat had an age span from children to old adults, while those who were buried with cat, sheep/goat and cat, and sheep/goat, dog, horse and pig all were adult individuals. Those buried with sheep/goat, dog, horse and pig are in the age between 34-64 years old. Based on the graves used in this analysis no distinct burial pattern is found, rather the graves seem individually formed.
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Tellier, Geneviève. "The analysis of funerary and ritual practices in Wales between 3600-1200 BC based on osteological and contextual data." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/15063.

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This thesis examines the character of Middle Neolithic to Middle Bronze Age (3600-1200 BC) funerary and ritual practices in Wales. This was based on the analysis of chronological (radiocarbon determinations and artefactual evidence), contextual (monument types, burial types, deposit types) and osteological (demographic and pyre technology) data from a comprehensive dataset of excavated human bone deposits from funerary and ritual monuments. Funerary rites in the Middle Neolithic (c. 3600-2900 BC) sometimes involved the deposition of single inhumation or cremation burials in inconspicuous pit graves. After a hiatus in the Late Neolithic (c. 2900-2400 BC), formal burials re-appeared in the Chalcolithic (c. 2500-2200 BC) with Beaker burials. However, formal burials remained relatively rare until the Early Bronze Age (c. 2200-1700 BC) when burial mounds, which often contained multiple burials, became the dominant type of funerary monument. Burial rites for this period most commonly involved the cremation of the dead. Whilst adult males were over-represented in inhumations, no age- or gender-based differences were identified in cremation burials. Patterns in grave good associations suggest that perceived age- and-gender-based identities were sometimes expressed through the selection of objects to be placed in the graves. The tradition of cremation burials carried on into the Middle Bonze Age (c. 1700-1200 BC), although formal burials became less common. Circular enclosures (henges, timber circles, stone circles, pit circles), several of which were associated with cremated human bone deposits, represented the most persistent tradition of ritual monuments, with new structures built from the end of the fourth millennium BC to the middle of the second millennium BC in Wales.
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Westerberg, Sophia. "Frigjord i eld : En osteologisk analys av brända ben från Uppgarde, Vallstena." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295987.

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The main focus of this thesis is the study of the burned bones from Uppgarde, Vallstena, on the island of Gotland. Vallstena is a place where artifacts, graves and other activities are dated from the Stone Age to the Late Iron Age. This indicates that Vallstena was a place humans frequently used for a long period of time and a prominent remain is a Stone Ship Setting that once was placed here but when excavations were carried out in the 1970s only the depressions of the stones became visible. The purpose of this study is toco-analyse osteological and archaeological material found, to obtain a clearer image of the place and contribute to the existing research of this area. The goal study is to determine the nature of the activities seen in relationship to the analysis of the cremated bones found here and how they were connected to the surrounding landscape. The basis for this analysis is a combination of thorough examinations of the osteological material, archaeological features as well as relevant literature.
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Franzén, Emelie. ""Förbrända men icke förintade" : en osteologisk analys av kremerade individer från förromersk järnålder från gravfältet Smörkullen, Alvastra, Östergötland." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1039.

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Cremated remains have long been regarded as a highly complex material that often provides unsatisfactory results. This essay discusses the problems that arise when methods commonly used on unburned bone material are used in a cremated skeletal material. The present essay discusses the results from osteological analysis of seven cremations from Pre-Roman Iron Age from a large cemetery in Alvastra, Smörkullen. Several methods were ultimately not applied in the present study as they were insufficient for application on the relevant material. Since the methods were inapplicable and fragments available for gender assessments too low, no sex assessments were made. All individuals were considered adults, a more detailed age assessment were not possible.  The combustion rate for four of the graves were assessed to Grade 2, three graves to Grade 2 with the transition to Grade of 3, and only one grave has been assessed at Grade 3. The combined average size of the fragments was about 2.7 cm. In four of the graves the bone content corresponded to a whole individual, i.e. the grave contained the remains of a whole body. The study raise the issue of explore and develop further methods on cremated remains, foremost for sex- and age assessments.
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Axelsson, Anton. "Hittite Mortuary Practices." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324808.

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The Hittite burial material consists of a very heterogeneous material. The material shows some shared aspects between the different cemeteries and their grave types. However, this material lacks previous extensive comparative studies in central Anatolia. This study aims to problematize this funerary material, by re-evaluating the previous interpretation and by creating links between the different types of material and the cemeteries it was found in. This will be achieved by analyzing four different categories of Hittite graves from the three cemeteries: Osmankayasi, Gordion and Ilica. The total material consists of 268 graves: 91 from Osmankayasi, 46 from Gordion and 131 from Ilica. The material was originally excavated and published during the fifties and sixties by the three archaeologists Kurt Bittel, Machteld Mellink and Winfried Orthmann. The burial material will be analyzed to establish parallels and differences between the three sites, their materials and grave categories. Literary sources and empirical data will be used to supplement previous research but also the new interpretations discussed in this thesis. Keywords: Hittite, cemeteries, mortuary practices, Osmankayasi, Gordion, Ilica, cremations, pithos burials, pit graves, cist-graves, ethnicity, status, equids
Det Hettitiska begravnings materialet består av ett väldigt heterogent material. Materialet visar ändå vissa delade aspekter mellan de olika gravfälten och gravtyperna. Dock saknar detta material tidigare omfattande komparativa studier i centrala Anatolien. Denna studie avser att problematisera detta gravmaterial, genom att skapa kopplingar mellan de olika typerna av materialet och mellan de utvalda platserna som det återfanns i. Detta mål avses att uppnås genom att analysera fyra olika typer av Hettitiska gravar från de tre platserna Osmankayasi, Gordion och Ilica. Det totala grav antalet består av 268 gravar: 91 från Osmankayasi, 46 från Gordion och 131 från Ilica. Materialet var ursprungligen utgrävt och publicerat under femtio och sextio-talet av de tre arkeologerna Kurt Bittel, Machteld Mellink och Winfried Orthmann. Gravmaterialet kommer att analyseras för att etablera paralleller mellan de tre platsernas material och dess gravkategorier. Litterära källor och empiriskdata kommer att användas för att komplettera den tidigare forskningen och de nya tolkningarna i denna studie.
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Acosta, Ebaristo Katherine Virginia, Ortiz Milagros Esther León, Cueva Karym Teresalina Pérez, Cuadros Johanna Mónica Salazar, and Martel de Tolentino Julia Katherine Tapia. "Implementación del negocio de sepulturas temporales en los camposantos funerarios de Lima metropolitana y Callao." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656222.

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El modelo de negocio de Sepulturas Temporales tiene como objetivo analizar la factibilidad de implementar y ofrecer este servicio en los cementerios de Lima Metropolitana y Callao, como servicio adicional a las tradicionales sepulturas perpetuas y cremación. Este modelo permite atender la creciente demanda del servicio debido al aumento de la tasa de mortalidad sumado a las preferencias por las sepulturas perpetuas sobre la cremación, y una oferta limitada por la escasez de espacios disponibles para implementar nuevas áreas de sepulturas cuando la rentabilidad del terreno es más alta en otras áreas inmobiliarias. Se ofrecen Sepulturas Temporales por diez años siguiendo la normativa vigente; al final del plazo, se realiza una exhumación de restos para ser reducidos y trasladados a cinerarios, liberando así el espacio temporal para reutilizarlo en un nuevo servicio. La metodología de investigación aplicada fue una encuesta estructurada y estandarizada con alternativas de respuesta abierta y cerrada para analizar la aceptación o rechazo del mercado objetivo, dando como resultado que, de todo el universo encuestado entre quienes prefirieron sepulturas perpetuas, cremaciones o aún no se decidieron, el 22% tendría la intención de adquirir la Sepulturas Temporales, con esta participación se realizó la modelación financiera proyectando el flujo de ingresos y gastos a diez años: plazo para la primera reutilización de espacios e incluye el costo de oportunidad de reposición por la venta del servicio perpetuo. La demanda se consideró constante y no se ha considerado el efecto pandémico del COVID-19.
The Temporary Graves business model's objective is to analyze the feasibility of implementing and offering this service in the cemeteries of Metropolitan Lima and Callao, as additional service to the traditional perpetual graves and cremation. This model makes it possible to meet the growing demand for the service due to the increase in the mortality rate added to the preferences for perpetual graves over cremation, and a limited supply due to the scarcity of available spaces to implement new graves areas when the profitability of the land is higher in other real estate areas. Temporary Graves are offered for ten years following current regulations; at the end of the term, there is an exhumation of remains to be reduced and transferred to cineraries, thus freeing up the temporary space to reuse it in a new service. The applied research methodology was a structured and standardized survey with open and closed responses alternatives to analyze the acceptance or rejection of the target market, resulting in that, of the entire universe surveyed among those who preferred perpetual graves, cremations or still did not decide, 22% would have the intention of purchasing the Temporary Graves, with this participation the financial modeling was carried out projecting the flow of income and expenses over ten years: term for the first reuse of spaces and including the opportunity cost of replacement from the sale of perpetual service. The demand was considered constant, and the pandemic effect of COVID-19 has not been considered.
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León, Ortiz Milagros Esther, Cueva Karym Teresalina Pérez, Martel de Tolentino Julia Katherine Tapia, Ebaristo De Aramburú Katherine Virginia Acosta, and Cuadros Johanna Mónica Mercedes Salazar. "Implementación del negocio de sepulturas temporales en los camposantos funerarios de Lima metropolitana y Callao." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656222.

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El modelo de negocio de Sepulturas Temporales tiene como objetivo analizar la factibilidad de implementar y ofrecer este servicio en los cementerios de Lima Metropolitana y Callao, como servicio adicional a las tradicionales sepulturas perpetuas y cremación. Este modelo permite atender la creciente demanda del servicio debido al aumento de la tasa de mortalidad sumado a las preferencias por las sepulturas perpetuas sobre la cremación, y una oferta limitada por la escasez de espacios disponibles para implementar nuevas áreas de sepulturas cuando la rentabilidad del terreno es más alta en otras áreas inmobiliarias. Se ofrecen Sepulturas Temporales por diez años siguiendo la normativa vigente; al final del plazo, se realiza una exhumación de restos para ser reducidos y trasladados a cinerarios, liberando así el espacio temporal para reutilizarlo en un nuevo servicio. La metodología de investigación aplicada fue una encuesta estructurada y estandarizada con alternativas de respuesta abierta y cerrada para analizar la aceptación o rechazo del mercado objetivo, dando como resultado que, de todo el universo encuestado entre quienes prefirieron sepulturas perpetuas, cremaciones o aún no se decidieron, el 22% tendría la intención de adquirir la Sepulturas Temporales, con esta participación se realizó la modelación financiera proyectando el flujo de ingresos y gastos a diez años: plazo para la primera reutilización de espacios e incluye el costo de oportunidad de reposición por la venta del servicio perpetuo. La demanda se consideró constante y no se ha considerado el efecto pandémico del COVID-19.
The Temporary Graves business model's objective is to analyze the feasibility of implementing and offering this service in the cemeteries of Metropolitan Lima and Callao, as additional service to the traditional perpetual graves and cremation. This model makes it possible to meet the growing demand for the service due to the increase in the mortality rate added to the preferences for perpetual graves over cremation, and a limited supply due to the scarcity of available spaces to implement new graves areas when the profitability of the land is higher in other real estate areas. Temporary Graves are offered for ten years following current regulations; at the end of the term, there is an exhumation of remains to be reduced and transferred to cineraries, thus freeing up the temporary space to reuse it in a new service. The applied research methodology was a structured and standardized survey with open and closed responses alternatives to analyze the acceptance or rejection of the target market, resulting in that, of the entire universe surveyed among those who preferred perpetual graves, cremations or still did not decide, 22% would have the intention of purchasing the Temporary Graves, with this participation the financial modeling was carried out projecting the flow of income and expenses over ten years: term for the first reuse of spaces and including the opportunity cost of replacement from the sale of perpetual service. The demand was considered constant, and the pandemic effect of COVID-19 has not been considered.
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Books on the topic "Cremations"

1

Holtz, Brenda. Pinecrest cremations index, (1962-1988). Ottawa: Ottawa Branch, Ontario Genealogical Society, 2007.

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Sigvallius, Berit. Funeral pyres: Iron age cremations in north Spånga. Stockholm: Stockholm University, Osteological Research Laboratory, 1994.

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Mizerski, Jim. Finale: The royal cremations of Norodom and Norodom Sihanuk, King of Cambodia. Phnom Penh: Jamine Image Machine, 2013.

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Kumar, Ram Narayan. A complex denial: Disappearances, secret cremations, and the issue of truth & justice in Punjab. Kathmandu: South Asia Forum for Human Rights, 2001.

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Rothschild, Amanda. Cremation. London: The Reform Synagogues of Great Britain, 80, East End Road, London, N3 2SY, 1991.

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Cremation concerns. Springfield, Ill., U.S.A: Thomas, 1989.

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Masân: Cremation ground. Kathmandu: Ratna Pustak Bhandar, 2006.

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Cremation today and tomorrow. Bramcote, Nottingham: Grove Books, 1990.

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Fairgrieve, Scott I. Forensic cremation recovery and analysis. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2008.

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Service, Robert W. The cremation of Sam McGee. New York: Greenwillow Books, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cremations"

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White, Stephen. "Hindu Cremations in Britain." In The Changing Face of Death, 135–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25300-5_10.

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Buschmann, Claas T., and Michael Tsokos. "Cremation." In Handbook of Forensic Medicine, 134–37. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118570654.ch8.

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Toncala, Anita, Frank Söllner, Christoph Mayr, Stefan Hölzl, Karin Heck, Dominika Wycisk, and Gisela Grupe. "Isotopic Map of the Inn-Eisack-Adige-Brenner Passage and its Application to Prehistoric Human Cremations." In Across the Alps in Prehistory, 127–227. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41550-5_6.

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Green, Jennifer, and Michael Green. "Disposal by cremation." In Dealing with Death, 73–79. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7216-3_8.

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Jupp, Peter C. "Cremation Legalised, 1852–1884." In From Dust to Ashes, 46–69. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230511088_3.

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McKinley, Jacqueline I. "Cremation in Archaeological Contexts." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 1730–38. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_153.

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McKinley, Jacqueline I. "Cremation in Archaeological Contexts." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 2726–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_153.

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Cieślak-Kopyt, Małgorzata. "Elementy obrządku pogrzebowego." In Ocalone Dziedzictwo Archeologiczne, 83–87. Wydawnictwo Profil-Archeo; Muzeum im. Jacka Malczewskiego w Radomiu, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33547/oda-sah.10.zn.04.

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A total of 65 Przeworsk culture features were discovered in the Żelazna Nowa cemetery. This number included a rectangular groove feature, urned cremations (6), alleged/damaged urned cremations (14), unurned cremations (14), alleged/fully or partly damaged unurned cremations (27), pits containing no bone material (4), undtermined cremations (2), pits containing no archeological material (1). All of the explored burials are cremations. However, a more detailed analysis encounters problems due to the state of preservation of the graves. Features 3, 19A and 19B, 30, 33, 37, 39 have been confidently identified as urned cremations. In many other features fragments of ceramic vessels were found, which may be remains of damaged urns: 18, 21, 23, 25, 31, 35, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 56, 57, and 58. Certain unurned cremations are 4, 6, 7, 8, 11–13, 15–17, 22, 24, 32, and 34. The interpretation of the remaining features is uncertain. Among the features uncovered in the cemetery were pits containing no bones: 5, 60, 61, 62, as well as pits containing no archaeological material at all: 55. The majority of unurned cremations contained pyre debris, while no such remains were observed in the following damaged unurned cremations: 15, 40–42, 45, 61, 62. There were a few cases of double burials identified. Three unurned cremations (6, 13, 15) and one urned cremation (39) contained bones of Infans I and an undetermined individual, while feature 19 contained two urns with individual burials: Infans II and an undetermined individual. Urned cremations, and one alleged unurned cremation (56), are distinguished by a higher standard of furnishing and a considerably larger amount of bone remains. This can be given two interpretations: a higher status of those buried there, or different rituals used for urned and unurned cremations. In two graves the urn was covered with an upturned vessel (features 33 and 37). In one case, an apotropaic behaviour characteristic of the Przeworsk culture was recorded, involving driving sharp objects into the pit’s bottom: in grave 41 these were two spearheads.
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Minozzi, Simona. "Italian Iron Age Cremations." In The Analysis of Burned Human Remains, 307–22. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-800451-7.00017-6.

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McGuire, Randall H. "Ethnographic Examples of Cremations." In Death, Society, and Ideology in a Hohokam Community, 41–50. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429046179-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cremations"

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Loj, Monika. "MAGNETIC SURVEY ON THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE - CREMATION BURIAL CASE STUDY." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/14/s05.028.

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"Cremation Burials in the Mycenaean Cemetery of Elateia-Alonaki in Central Greece." In Mycenean and Homeric Societies. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/0x003b4178.

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Semenov, Vladimir. "Burials in the cremation rite in the Sayan Canyon of the Yenisei River." In Antiquities of East Europe, South Asia and South Siberia in the context of connections and interactions within the Eurasian cultural space (new data and concepts). Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-35-9-116-117.

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Dedik, A. "Anthropologic remains from cremation burials in the area of the burial ground of Pinchuga-6 (preliminary results)." In Archaeological sites of Southern Siberia and Central Asia: from the appearance of the first herders to the epoch of the establishment of state formations. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907298-16-3.168-170.

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Reports on the topic "Cremations"

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Postill, Gemma, Regan Murray, Andrew S. Wilton, Richard A. Wells, Renee Sirbu, Mark J. Daley, Kali Barrett, et al. Excess Mortality in Ontario During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.29.1.0.

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Based on Ontario cremation data, there has been a 12.8% increase in the number of deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the expected numbers of deaths informed by previous years’ cremation data. The causes of these excess deaths include infection with SARS-CoV-2, as well as causes likely related to the pandemic but not due to COVID-19 itself.
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