Relevant bibliographies by topics / Crime, latin america

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Crime, latin america'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Crime, latin america"

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Pion-Berlin, David, and Miguel Carreras. "Armed Forces, Police and Crime-fighting in Latin America." Journal of Politics in Latin America 9, no. 3 (December 2017): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1866802x1700900301.

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Over the past two decades, the armed forces have increasingly been asked to take an active role in the fight against the rampant crime in Latin America. Since the militaries in this region are not always trained to conduct themselves with restraint, the possibility of excesses and human rights violations is always latent. Despite that prospect, there is a high level of public support for military counter-crime interventions throughout the region. The key argument in this article is that when the Latin American public supports military interventions to combat crime, it makes a comparative judgment call about the relative efficacy of military vs. police conduct in domestic security roles. Latin American citizens have very low confidence in the capacity of the police to fight crime effectively and to respect human rights. They place more trust in the armed forces as an institution capable of performing effectively and in accordance with human rights standards and the rule of law. This study develops these arguments in greater detail and then turns to recent Americas Barometer surveys that clearly show that Latin American citizens place more trust in the armed forces than the police as an institution capable of effectively and humanely fighting criminal violence.
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Liebertz, Scott, and Jaclyn Bunch. "Media, crime, and trust in the police in Latin America." International Journal of Police Science & Management 21, no. 2 (June 2019): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461355719852645.

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This article examines the effect crime is having on support for law enforcement in Latin America. Scholars empirically demonstrate a strong negative effect of crime on support for institutions and satisfaction with democracy. Little empirical work, however, investigates the effect of the media on attitudes toward criminal justice institutions within the Latin American context. We test whether variance in crime salience in the media across countries affects support for the police and the criminal justice system. Analyzing survey data from Latinobarometro and content analysis of newspapers in 14 Latin American countries, we find evidence that increased salience of crime reduces trust in the police across a number of different measures of media coverage.
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Joseph, Janice. "Victims of femicide in Latin America: Legal and criminal justice responses." Temida 20, no. 1 (2017): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1701003j.

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Despite the progress that women have made in the fight against gender-based violence, it is still prevalent in various countries in the world. For many women in Latin American countries femicide is a constant reality. This paper critically analyzes femicide in Latin American countries and the legal and criminal responses to this crime. The paper defines femicide and discusses the nature and extent of femicide in Latin America. The analysis of this phenomenon in Latin American countries indicates that although some of these countries have made important strides in addressing the problem, they still face challenges in adequately preventing this crime.
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Liebertz, Scott. "Political Elites, Crime, and Trust in the Police in Latin America." International Criminal Justice Review 30, no. 2 (December 28, 2017): 175–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1057567717747012.

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This article examines the effect of crime on support for criminal justice systems in Latin America. Scholars empirically demonstrate a strong negative effect of crime on support for institutions and satisfaction with democracy. Others provide thick descriptions of the prevalence of creeping authoritarianism in response to crime—the infamous “mano dura” or “iron fist.” I test the effectiveness of elite political messaging across different countries. In other words, do politicians that promote “iron-fist” policies reassure their intended audience and shore up support for the police and the criminal justice system? Analyzing survey data from the Latin American Public Opinion Project and Wiesehomeier and Benoit’s expert survey of Latin American political party platforms, I find that elite political opinion about insecurity conditions the effect of crime victimization and fear of crime on mass support for the police and the justice system as well as on perceptions of police and justice system effectiveness. When political elites emphasize mano dura (“iron fist”) solutions, fearful citizens and victims are less critical of the police and the justice system in general.
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Cummings, Anthony R., Nakul Markandey, Hannah Das, Celina Arredondo, Aaran Wehenkel, Brittany L. Tiemann, and Giyol Lee. "The Spill Over of Crime from Urban Centers: An Account of the Changing Spatial Distribution of Violent Crime in Guyana." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 11 (October 25, 2019): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8110481.

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As the rate of crime decelerates in the developed world, the opposite phenomenon is being observed in the developing world, including Latin America and the Caribbean. Crime in Latin America and the Caribbean has been concentrated in urban settings, but the expertise for studying crime and providing guidance on policing remain heavily rooted in the developed world. A hindrance to studying crime in the developing world is the difficulty in obtaining official data, allowing for generalizations on where crime is concentrated to persist. This paper tackles two challenges facing crime analysis in the developing world: the availability of data and an examination of whether crime is concentrated in urban settings. We utilized newspaper archival data to study the spatial distribution of crime in Guyana, South America, across the landscape, and in relation to rural indigenous villages. Three spatial analysis tools, hotspot analysis, mean center, and standard deviation ellipse were used to examine the changing distribution of crime across 20 years. Based on 3900 reports of violent crime, our analyses suggest that the center of the gravity of crime changed over the years, spilling over to indigenous peoples’ landscapes. An examination of murder, where firearms and bladed weapons were the weapons of choice, suggests that these weapons moved beyond the coastal zone. The movement of weapons away from the coast raises concerns for the security of indigenous peoples and their associated wildlife. Our analysis suggests that policing measures should seek to extend towards Amerindian landscapes, and this is perhaps indicative of Latin American states with demographics similar to Guyana’s.
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Müller, Markus-Michael. "Governing crime and violence in Latin America." Global Crime 19, no. 3-4 (October 2, 2018): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17440572.2018.1543916.

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Henry Millard, George. "Drugs and Organised Crime in Latin America." Journal of Money Laundering Control 1, no. 1 (January 1997): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb027122.

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Tella, Rafael Di, Javier Donna, and Robert MacCulloch. "Crime and beliefs: Evidence from Latin America." Economics Letters 99, no. 3 (June 2008): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2007.10.002.

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Armesto, Alejandra. "Corruption, Crime Victimization, and Community Participation in Latin America." Cadernos PROLAM/USP 15, no. 29 (September 21, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1676-6288.prolam.2016.132150.

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Estudos sobre a relação entre a vitimização e capital social sustentam hipóteses contraditórias:a vitimização criminal leva ao isolamento social e maior participação. Sob que condições a vitimização pelo crime induz a participação em associações comunitárias? Este artigo argumenta que essa relação é condicionada pela corrupção do governo. Esta hipótese é testada com dados coletados em 2012 em 18 países da América Latina pelo Barômetro das Américas. Usando regressão linear hierárquica, o estudo mostra que as vítimas de crimes participaram em organizações comunitárias em uma taxa maior do que as não-vítimas, e que essa participação é ainda maior em países com altos níveis de corrupção no governo.
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Santalla Vargas, Elizabeth. "An Overview of the Crime of Genocide in Latin American Jurisdictions." International Criminal Law Review 10, no. 4 (2010): 441–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181210x518947.

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AbstractGenocide is included in most Latin American Criminal Codes that were enacted long before the adoption of the Rome Statute. Genocide's criminalization in Latin America has, to a large extent, deviated from the Genocide Convention definition with respect to the actus reus, mainly concerning the protected groups. However, the existing jurisprudence does not shed much light on the reasons or justifications for such a deviation; it is rather inconsistent in some instances. The implementation of the Rome Statute offers mixed signals as to the legal and policy trends in Latin America with regard to the scope of genocide. The fact that the codification of crimes against humanity has gained momentum with the entry into force of the Rome Statute implies an increasing need to reflect on the coherence of the domestic criminalization of core crimes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crime, latin america"

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Zarate, Tenorio Barbara Astrid. "Social policy, protest participation and violent crime in Latin America." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5dcad1e6-ef54-4fba-a6b4-38d68cf7d0c7.

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This thesis consists of four self-contained articles which focus on different aspects of citizens' demand for and governments' supply of social policy in Latin American democracies. The underlying questions that link the four papers are a) do social and economic grievances affect citizens' propensity to protest? and, b) do democratic governments in the region use social policy as an instrument to mitigate social discontent and violent crime? In the first two papers, I use public opinion data in order to examine the determinants of citizens' participation in protest with a special focus on dissatisfaction with the quality of public services, demands for inequality-reduction policies and economic deprivation. The results show that among other factors, protest participation is motivated by citizens' discontent over the quality of basic social services, support for redistributive policies, and relative economic deprivation. The third and fourth papers analyze the "supply side" of social spending in the region focusing on collective protest and violent crime, respectively. The third article argues that under democracy, organized labor is in a better position relative to other groups in society to obtain social policy concessions as a consequence of their collective action efforts. The results show that whereas social security spending increases as a consequence of labor militancy, cutbacks in human capital spending are less likely as peaceful large-scale demonstrations increase. The fourth paper argues that political leaders use education spending as an instrument to mitigate violent crime. It also argues that the effect of violent crime on education spending is larger when leftist governments are in power. The empirical analysis provides support for these arguments.
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Halaburda, Pablo. "Terrorism base potential in the tri-border area of Latin America." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FHalaburda.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Kalev Sepp. "December 2006." AD-A462 564. Includes bibliographical references (p.83-89). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Saunders-Hastings, Katherine E. "Order and insecurity under the mara : violence, coping, and community in Guatemala City." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:41c30581-4e46-483a-b77e-c241fa88a819.

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Drawing on sixteen months of ethnographic fieldwork in a poor and notorious neighbourhood, this dissertation examines how evolving dynamics of urban violence have affected life in a Guatemala City gang territory. The maras of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras - the gangs that help give these countries some of the world's highest homicide rates - have changed dramatically in their group cultures and criminal economies since they appeared in the 1990s. I trace what I call the mara's predatory turn: the elaboration of an extortion economy, which has had far-reaching consequences for the relationship between gang cliques and their barrios. This transformation has re-shaped the experience of chronic insecurity in the communities that maras operate from: inhabitants report that it is now less manageable, less predictable, and more frightening. They speak of a heightening of danger in their lives brought about by the decline of certain local norms and mechanisms that had previously moderated gang violence and bolstered community resilience. Local narratives of insecurity and decline illuminate when, how, and why violence disrupts and disorders social life. What many informants emphasized was not a cataclysmic appearance of violence in their lives, but rather a catastrophic breakdown in the mechanisms that had controlled it. In this distressing context, residents struggle to minimize their insecurity and to reclaim or create forms of order. I examine two principal ways that they seek to do so: by working to maintain a moral order based on narratives about the neighbourhood and its values or 'codes', and by looking to external providers of order in the state and its security forces. Exploring the complex relationships and interactions between inhabitants, gang members, and state forces in this barrio, I contribute to academic debates about local and state responses to insecurity in Latin America and propose modifications to prevailing models of state and criminal 'governance' in marginal urban communities.
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Tošovský, Štěpán. "The economics of organized crime: evidence on FDI attraction in Latin America and Caribbean." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262286.

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This paper attempts to investigate the degree to which organized crime affects FDI in 15 Latin America and Caribbean countries during 2006-2014 period. We employed four crime proxies: homicide rate, organized crime index, business cost of terrorism index and business cost of crime index and analyzed their impact on overall, sectoral and industrial FDI inflows. We find evidence of a deterrent effect of organized crime on FDI inflows; in particular on FDI in secondary and tertiary sectors. On the contrary FDI inflows in more extractive industries - primary sector - are less affected by the presence of organized crime
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Tulio, Dos Santos Diogo <1990&gt. "Transnational organized crime, illicit drug trade, and international law : can national authorities in Latin America comply with international provisions?" Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17269.

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La criminalità organizzata transnazionale nel suo complesso ha progressivamente aumentato e perpetrato le sue attività in tutto il mondo. Questo è stato il caso del business delle droghe, i cui effetti sono stati osservati da vicino dalla popolazione o seguiti da altri attraverso i social media, le notizie e persino le serie TV. Per quanto popolare potesse essere diventato il commercio di droga, la malavita che lo comprende forse non è così conosciuta come molti pensano. È ragionevole affermare che le informazioni sul commercio di sostanze illecite a cui hanno accesso cittadini, organizzazioni e persino governi sono probabilmente limitate. Le organizzazioni criminali si sono impegnate a fondo nel redditizio affare della droga. E, per garantirne il massimo profitto, faranno tutto il necessario per mantenere il loro status e la loro rilevanza ovunque sia pertinente in base ai loro interessi. Di conseguenza, sono particolarmente attivi in ​​alcune regioni del mondo, tuttavia i cittadini di solito notano la loro presenza essendo coinvolti indirettamente o direttamente in insoddisfazione pubblica, turbolenze politiche o conflitti violenti. I governi nazionali si sforzano di evitare questi problemi, ma alcuni non hanno né realizzato né affrontato i problemi provocati da entità e persone responsabili di alcune attuali situazioni sismiche. Di fronte a ciò, è imminente e ragionevole mettere in discussione l'efficacia delle disposizioni internazionali e della capacità dello Stato sullo sviluppo di approcci e politiche strategici in modo che possano essere debitamente applicati e attuati attraverso le autorità nazionali preposte all'applicazione della legge. Tuttavia, alcuni governi ottengono risultati migliori nell'istituzione di misure contro il traffico illecito di stupefacenti, mentre altri lottano per conformarsi agli accordi internazionali e per tenere sotto controllo i gruppi criminali. Questa tesi mira a far luce sui potenziali motivi per cui la criminalità organizzata si manifesta in modo più sfacciato e insistente in alcuni paesi, soprattutto per quanto riguarda le attività illegali transfrontaliere.
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Pereira, Paulo Jose dos Reis 1980. "Securitização do Crime Organizado Transnacional nos Estados Unidos na década de 1990." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280966.

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Orientador: Shiguenoli Miyamoto
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T01:17:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_PauloJosedosReis_D.pdf: 1227497 bytes, checksum: d281da57cc7a47b8bc7b81c8685848fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: O crime organizado transnacional (COT), apesar de seu papel crescente nas agendas de segurança nacional e internacional dos Estados desde a década de 1990, teve pouca atenção nos estudos de relações internacionais. As referências teóricas tradicionais desta área (particularmente da subárea de segurança internacional), bem como a noção estreita de criminalidade como um assunto doméstico e essencialmente jurídico, dificultaram a avaliação adequada deste novo papel assumido pelas atividades ilícitas transnacionais. Dado o pioneirismo estadunidense em tal processo, o objetivo do trabalho é analisar a alocação do COT na agenda de segurança nacional estadunidense durante o governo Clinton e alguns dos seus resultados, especialmente para a distinção entre as noções de segurança doméstica e internacional. Para tanto, fazemos uma análise documental e histórica, pautada no conceito de securitização da Escola de Copenhagen. A securitização pela qual o COT passou nos Estados Unidos pautou-se na percepção de ameaça existencial que este fenômeno criminal colocava a vários aspectos da nação, tanto sociais quanto econômicos. O "ato de fala" realizado pelo Executivo do país a partir de 1995, com a diretiva presidencial 42, foi aceito extensamente pelo público em geral e por várias elites sociais, uma audiência que conferiu legitimidade a tal processo. Três grupos de apoiadores foram particularmente importantes: a mídia, os especialistas e o Congresso estadunidense. O primeiro ajudou na disseminação da percepção de ameaça entre a população; o segundo auxiliou na quantificação e qualificação desta ameaça, fornecendo um conhecimento "cientificamente" embasado; o terceiro conferiu suporte político às iniciativas próprias do Executivo, bem como foi, ele mesmo, agente de propostas. O contexto histórico de liberalização política e econômica, o avanço tecnológico nas comunicações e transporte, bem como o fim do conflito bipolar, compôs um quadro favorável ao aumento do COT e à sua percepção como ameaça aos países e à ordem internacional nascente. No entanto, esse processo também deve ser creditado aos interesses de agências de Inteligência e aplicação da Lei estadunidenses, que, com o fim da Guerra Fria, buscaram redefinir seus papéis de proteção à nação. São expressões concretas da securitização o aumento de recursos, bem como a ênfase na ação militar e na internacionalização de atividades policiais que ocorreu com os programas de combate à criminalidade transnacional na América Latina, uma região que já era foco, desde a década de 1980, de políticas de combate ao tráfico de drogas, uma das mais importantes expressões do COT contemporâneo
Abstract: Transnational organized crime (TOC), despite its increasing role in the national and international security agendas of States since the 1990s, got little attention in studies of international relations. The traditional theoretical references in this area (particularly on international security subfield), and the narrow notion of crime as a domestic and essentially legal matter, hampered the proper assessment of this new role played by illicit transnational activities. The objective of this work is to analyze the allocation of TOC in the U.S. national security agenda during the Clinton administration, as well as to check some of its results, especially for the distinction between the notions of domestic and international security. To this end, a historical and documentary analysis, based on the Copenhagen's School concept of securitization, was done. The securitization process in which TOC has passed in the United States was based on the perception of existential threat that this criminal phenomenon posed to various aspects of the nation, both social and economic. The "speech act" carried out by the Executive of the country since 1995, with the PDD-42, was widely accepted by the general public and various social elites, an audience that gave legitimacy to this process. Three supporters groups were particularly important: the media, the experts and the U.S. Congress. The first helped the spread of threat perception among the population; the second helped to quantify and qualify this threat by providing a "scientifically" grounded knowledge; the third gave political support to the Executive initiatives and was, itself, an agent of proposals. The historical context of political and economic liberalization, technological advances in communications and transportation, as well as the end of bipolar conflict, wrote a favorable framework for the increase of TOC and its perception as a threat to countries and to the emerging international order. However, this process must also be credited to the interests of intelligence agencies and U.S. law enforcement, which, with the end of the Cold War, sought to redefine their roles in protecting the nation. The increasing of resources adressed to fight crime, the growth of military action and the internationalization of police activities that occurred in programs to combat transnational crime in Latin America are concrete expressions of securitization. In this scenery Latin America can be considereda region that was already the focus, since the 1980s, of policies to combat drug trafficking, one of the most important expressions of contemporary COT
Doutorado
Relações Internacionais
Doutor em Ciência Política
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Amorim, Francisco de Paula Rocha. "O impacto do narcotráfico na dinâmica de homicídios e roubos : relações causais em 32 metrópoles da América Latina." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/96166.

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A presente dissertação de mestrado verificou empiricamente a influência do tráfico de entorpecentes nos delitos de homicídio e roubo em 32 metrópoles da América Latina, por meio da análise dos delitos reportados por jornais diários dessas cidades nos anos de 2006 e 2011. O objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar o impacto em nível continental do comércio ilegal de drogas na prevalência de outros delitos, levando em consideração outras variáveis contextuais. A partir do entendimento de que a criminalidade urbana possui forte componente endógeno de organização, a hipótese central foi a de que o narcotráfico foi o principal impulsionador do surto de violência vivenciado nesta região do planeta. Para medir o peso desta atividade ilegal sobre outros crimes, empregou-se a metodologia quantitativa. Por meio de análises estatísticas multivariadas, as taxas de homicídio e roubo foram analisadas levando-se em consideração variáveis endógenas, como o tráfico, e variáveis de controle, de caráter exógeno à criminalidade. Os achados sociológicos demonstraram uma influência expressiva do narcotráfico na dinâmica dos dois crimes. No caso dos roubos, a relação detectada entre as taxas (criadas a partir dos delitos reportados) foi positiva e forte nos dois períodos pesquisados. Os homicídios, todavia, foram influenciados pelo comércio ilegal de drogas apenas no primeiro recorte temporal. No segundo momento pesquisado, são os roubos, influenciados pelo tráfico, que passam a impactar na prevalência de assassinatos em nível continental.
This dissertation presents an empirical verification of the influence of narcotics trafficking in the crimes of murder and robbery in 32 cities in Latin America, through the analysis of crimes reported by newspapers of those cities in the years 2006 and 2011. The aim of this study was to measure the impact at a continental level of illegal drug trade in prevalence to other crimes, taking also into account contextual variables. From the understanding that urban crime has a strong endogenous organizational component, the central hypothesis was that drug trafficking was the main factor of the outbreak of violence experienced in this region of the planet. To measure the weight of this illegal activity on other crimes, we used a quantitative methodology. Through multivariated statistical analysis, the rates of the three offenses were tested with control variables exogenous in relation to the crimes. The sociological findings are that there is a significant influence of the drug trade in the dynamics of the two crimes. In the case of robberies, the relation between crime rates was positive and strong in both periods studied. Homicides, however, were influenced by the drug trafficking only in the first period of time researched. In the second period researched, the rate of robberies (influenced by drug dealing) was the variable that impacted most in the prevalence of murders at a continental level.
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Skilton, Isabel M. "U.S. Immigration Policy and the Transnational Expansion of Gangs in the Northern Triangle." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1226.

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The Northern Triangle area made up by El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras faces a growing gang phenomenon responsible for the growth of violence and instability in the region. Many factors have contributed to the rise of gangs in the region, however, I argue that the deportation of Central American immigrants who became active gang members in the United States play a significant role in the growth of gangs. I analyze the impact of the lack of collaboration between the United States and the nations of the Northern Triangle, especially in the lack of reintegration programs and the other factors that could have influenced or spurred the escalation of gang activity such as a failed recovery process following the civil wars of the 1970s and 1980s and the state repression policies. Furthermore, I assess how the lack of collaboration between the United States and Northern Triangle region in the deportation of criminal immigrants has impacted the transnationalization of the two largest Central American gangs, Mara Salvatrucha and Barrio 18. Due to the lack of quantitative data on gang size and membership, I conduct my analysis utilizing various studies that have been conducted in the three nations and data regarding homicide and deportation rates. Ultimately, I find that while the U.S. deportees played an important role in altering the characteristics and nature of Central American gangs, a variety of other factors were significant in their growth. Additionally, I find their assignation as Transnational Criminal Organizations premature and inconclusive due to their weak organizational and communication structure. Finally, I question whether gangs are truly the cause of high levels of violence in each of the nations of the Northern Triangle, determining that the Central American gang phenomenon cannot be assessed or treated as a singular issue. Instead, it is imperative to acknowledge the conditions at play in each country.
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Ochoa, Hernandez Rolando. "Out of harm's way : understanding kidnapping in Mexico City." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4b015aba-23ca-45e8-b2a1-70de89cd0c19.

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This dissertation analyses the survival strategies that wealthy people in Mexico City have designed and implemented to protect themselves from kidnapping with special focus on household employment relationships. This particular crime has demonstrated a particular evolution in the last 20 years that deserves analysis. Once a political crime, it became an economic crime that at first only targeted wealthy individuals and then over time began targeting working class victims. Based on extensive qualitative fieldwork in Mexico City which included a year in the field, 78 interviews with employers, employees, kidnapping victims and members of the police forces and justice system and the creation of a news reports database this thesis presents a detailed history of the evolution of kidnapping in the period 1968-2009. This is followed by an in depth analysis of the strategies elites use to protect themselves from this crime. Special attention is focused on the hiring process of household employees, namely drivers, as evidence suggests that most kidnappings are organized or facilitated in some way by a close collaborator of the victim. The hiring process is approached as a problem of trust. Signaling theory is the main framework used for the solving of this problem, as well as some ideas found in transaction cost economics, namely vertical integration. The results point towards strategic behavior from the actors involved that seeks to minimize the risk of being kidnapped for the employer. Signaling helps us uncover the specific mechanisms by which employer establish their prospective employees’ trustworthiness. The use of informal social networks made up of strong ties is one of the most salient mechanisms used to guarantee honest employees and this, together with a composite set of properties is signaled throughout. This thesis contributes to the literature on crime in Latin America as well as to the sociological literature on signaling, a branch of analytical sociology.
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Tzovenos, Helena Kapczinski. "Crise externa e contágio : a América Latina da crise da dívida à crise do subprime." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158165.

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Este trabalho compara os impactos da crise da dívida na América Latina (AL) nos anos 1980 e da crise do subprime de 2007 na região. Historicamente, verifica-se que crises financeiras gestadas no centro do sistema capitalista são capazes de causar efeitos negativos nas economias latino-americanas. Os impactos na economia vão do lado financeiro, incluindo câmbio e fluxos de capitais, ao real, afetando produção, emprego, investimentos e indicadores sociais. Sua magnitude, porém, depende tanto da forma como a crise é gerada e transmitida internacionalmente, como da estrutura das economias periféricas em questão e de seu posicionamento estratégico internacional. Com relação à primeira, enfatiza-se a diversificação produtiva e exportadora e a incorporação de tecnologia e inovação em sua estrutura produtiva. A segunda também se mostrou uma maneira eficiente de aplacar os efeitos da crise, ao ampliar a integração regional dentro da própria AL e com outros blocos e países emergentes, notadamente a cooperação multilateral. O trabalho assume que as mudanças estruturais experimentadas pelas economias latino-americanas, bem como a cooperação multilateral e a maior integração regional permitiram a estas nações minimizar os efeitos da crise do subprime, ao contrário da crise da dívida nos 1980, que promoveu profundos desarranjos e distúrbios econômicos na região.
This paper compares the impact of the debt crisis in Latin America (LA) in the 1980s and the 2007 subprime crisis’ in the region. Historically, it appears that financial crises gestated in the center of the capitalist system are capable of causing negative effects on Latin American economies. The impact on the economy occurs on the financial side, including exchange rates and capital flows, and in the real side, affecting production, employment, investment and social indicators. Its magnitude, however, depends as much on how the crisis is generated and transmitted internationally, as the structure of the peripheral economies in question and its international strategic positioning. Regarding the first, it emphasizes the productive and export diversification and the incorporation of technology and innovation in its production structure. The second was also an efficient way to assuage the effects of the crisis, to expand regional integration within the LA and with other blocs and emerging countries, notably multilateral cooperation. The work assumes that the structural changes experienced by Latin American economies multilateral cooperation and greater regional integration enabled these nations to minimize the effects of the subprime crisis, unlike the debt crisis in 1980, which promoted deep disorders and economic turmoil in the region.
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Books on the topic "Crime, latin america"

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Rodríguez Goyes, David, Hanneke Mol, Avi Brisman, and Nigel South, eds. Environmental Crime in Latin America. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55705-6.

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Trujillo, Alejandro Gaviria. Patterns of crime victimization in Latin America. Washington, D.C: Inter-American Development Bank, Research Dept., 1999.

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Solar, Carlos, and Carlos A. Pérez Ricart. Crime, Violence, and Justice in Latin America. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003265672.

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1958-, Aguirre Carlos, and Buffington Robert 1952-, eds. Reconstructing criminality in Latin America. Wilmington, Del: Scholarly Resources, 2000.

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Rafael, Di Tella, Edwards Sebastian 1953-, Schargrodsky Ernesto, National Bureau of Economic Research., and Universidad Torcuato di Tella. Laboratorio de Investigaciones sobre Crimen, Instituciones y Políticas., eds. The economics of crime: Lessons for and from Latin America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009.

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Botero, Cecilia. Drugs and Latin America: A bibliography. Monticello, Ill., USA: Vance Bibliographies, 1990.

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Fear and crime in Latin America: Redefining state-society relations. New York, NY: Routledge, 2012.

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Dangerous liaisons: Organized crime and political finance in Latin America and beyond. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution Press, 2013.

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1939-, Tulchin Joseph S., and Ruthenburg Meg, eds. Toward a society under law: Citizens and their police in Latin America. Washington, D.C: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 2006.

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Crime and violence as development issues in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington, D.C: The World Bank, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Crime, latin america"

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Escobar, Claudia. "How Organized Crime Controls Guatemala’s Judiciary." In Corruption in Latin America, 235–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94057-1_10.

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Dammert, Lucia, and Katherine Sarmiento. "Corruption, Organized Crime, and Regional Governments in Peru." In Corruption in Latin America, 179–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94057-1_8.

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Morris, Stephen D. "Linking Crime and Corruption: The Case of Mexico." In Corruption in Latin America, 207–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94057-1_9.

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Brisman, Avi, David Rodríguez Goyes, Hanneke Mol, and Nigel South. "Introduction: The Theft of Nature and the Poisoning of the Land in Latin America." In Environmental Crime in Latin America, 1–9. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55705-6_1.

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Sollund, Ragnhild. "The Use and Abuse of Animals in Wildlife Trafficking in Colombia: Practices and Injustice." In Environmental Crime in Latin America, 215–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55705-6_10.

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Nassaro, Marcelo Robis Francisco. "Wildlife Trafficking in the State of São Paulo, Brazil." In Environmental Crime in Latin America, 245–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55705-6_11.

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Maldonado, Ángela María, and Thomas Lafon. "Biomedical Research vs. Biodiversity Conservation in the Colombian-Peruvian Amazon: Searching for Law Enforcement Where There is Lack of Accountability." In Environmental Crime in Latin America, 261–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55705-6_12.

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Brisman, Avi. "An Epilogue to the Book, Not an Elegy for the Earth." In Environmental Crime in Latin America, 297–301. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55705-6_13.

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Suárez, Cleotilde Hernández. "The Environmental Damages and Liabilities of Collective Suicide." In Environmental Crime in Latin America, 13–30. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55705-6_2.

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Mondaca, Eduardo. "The Archipelago of Chiloé and the Uncertain Contours of its Future: Coloniality, New Extractivism and Political-Social Re-vindication of Existence." In Environmental Crime in Latin America, 31–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55705-6_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Crime, latin america"

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Munoz, Victor, Monica Vallejo, and Jose Edinson Aedo. "Machine Learning Models for Predicting Crime Hotspots in Medellin City." In 2021 2nd Sustainable Cities Latin America Conference (SCLA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scla53004.2021.9540132.

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Munoz, Victor, Monica Vallejo, and Jose Edinson Aedo. "Exploratory Analysis of Crime Behavior in the City of Medellin." In 2021 2nd Sustainable Cities Latin America Conference (SCLA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scla53004.2021.9540095.

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Cuellar, Adriana, and Marcel Sanchez Prieto. "A River Runs Through It: Territory of Opportunistic Coexistence." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.53.

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In order to understand urban development in Latin America we must study the actions of an opportunistic environment that enables social progress. Usually, urban adaptations react to the pressures of a contested territory, that if seen as survival tactics, they amplify urban regeneration, where illicit acts of urbanism become primary sites of innovation. Such is the example of the international border between San Diego, and Tijuana. This region is no exception of witnessing the territorial conflicts and crime scenes that are typical characteristics of border regions. In particular this border encounters the highest massive migration from Latin America to the USand back (deportees), making the dividing line – in this case the Tijuana river canal – a site of urban dialectics. The channelized river has tangibly revealed the mutations and interactions of opposing realities that expose overtones, exigencies, neglected issues and/or cutting edge cultural movements. It is at this hotbed and funneling point of two countries where illicit acts of urbanism are accepted. Emblematic of an opportunistic landscape, opposing modes of operations are in some cases ignored for the sake of coexistence.
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Perera, Sara, and Libertad Tansini. "Analysis of Crime Perceptions in Montevideo." In 2020 XLVI Latin American Computing Conference (CLEI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/clei52000.2020.00016.

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VAZ, ISMAEL FABRICIO, GREYCE TRINDADE DO BOMFIM PEREIRA, MARIA EDUARDA NASCIMENTO DE SOUZA, MATHEUS VERAS MARTINS, and LETICIA DA SILVA VICENTE. "A utilização do Instagram de uma liga acadêmica como ferramenta de educação em saúde face à pandemia da Covid-19." In Latin American Publicações. lapubl, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47174/lace2021-0056.

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A pandemia por COVID-19 provocou enorme crise sanitária no mundo, impedindo a manutenção das atividades presenciais. Em vista ao período pandêmico, se trouxe a necessidade de repensar essas atividades acadêmicas. A fim de promover a adaptação ao período, as atividades desempenhadas tiveram que ser repensadas e adaptadas para o meio digital. Sendo assim, a Liga Acadêmica de Atenção à Saúde Coletiva (LAASC) escreveu esse relato de experiência para apresentar e descrever as impressões do período para uma nova atuação das ligas acadêmicas no mundo virtual. Percebeu-se que essa nova perspectiva se mostrou interessante quanto ao desenvolvimento pelos acadêmicos de importantes habilidades e competências, como criatividade, comunicação, autonomia e liderança. E, também, para contribuir com a promoção da saúde da população, ensino-aprendizagem, haja vista os conteúdos apresentados estarem em linguagem de fácil compreensão, e disponibilizados à toda comunidade.
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PEREIRA, ANA GLAUCIA DA SILVA. "A reinvenção da Profissão Professor mediada por TICS frente à Crise Pandêmica do Coronavírus sofrida em 2020." In Latin American Publicações. lapubl, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47174/lace2021-0068.

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a profissão docente se constrói mediante um panorama de diversas dimensões e complexidades. O contexto instaurado pela pandemia de COVID-19 no mundo todo levou os docentes à necessidade derepensar e reestruturar o modelo de sua ação didática e seu processo de ensino, em uma dinâmica de superação de desafios do tempo vivido, com apoio das Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação –TDIC’s. Este estudo aborda a dinâmica da reinvenção da profissão do professor através da utilização das TDIC’s, para fazer frentes ás novas necessidades de ensino interpostas pelo isolamento social decorrente da pandemia nonovo Coronavírus. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado mediante pesquisa bibliográfica. Suas conclusões evidenciam que o novo panorama emergiu a imperatividadeda manifestação de perfis docentes antes esquecido sou subutilizados, na busca porministrar aulas significativas, considerando então a utilização das tecnologias como aliadas para a nova rotina executada nas aulas. Assim, o papel do docente é central para que os processos de ensino e aprendizagem tenham efetividade, não somente no contexto pandemia, mas durante toda a trajetória do ensino, e o aluno possui papel de destaque nesta dinâmica, a fim de participar da ação oferecida pelos docentes.
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Paul, Satyakama, Ali N. Hasan, and Bruno Mario. "Exploring the non-linear relationship between various categories of Crimes and GDP: A case study using Generalized Additive Models." In 2018 IEEE Latin American Conference on Computational Intelligence (LA-CCI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/la-cci.2018.8625254.

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Llerena Sandoya, Lisse, and Gabriela Vega. "Partial plan for the environmental conservation and historical and tourist development of the Peñón del Río hill, Durán, 2022." In 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002715.

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In the north of the Durán canton, is located the hill called "Peñón del Rio", a natural elevation suitable for the development of agricultural and livestock activities, surrounded by rivers and streams that also harbor a dense amount of vegetative species. Archeological remains such as ceramics and burial pits from different cultures of the area were also found. The dry forest is one of the most threatened ecosystems and it is estimated that between 60% and 75% of it has disappeared. On the other hand, the sector is being seriously affected by the extraction of stone material, causing great damage to its ecosystem, to this is added the psychological and health damages caused by the noise, the trembling caused by the implosions executed, and the cloud of dust raised by the passage of heavy machinery; and finally, the high crime rate by which it is affected due to its abandonment. The purpose of this study is to develop a partial plan proposal, in which environmental and arqueological conservation areas of this natural elevation are determined to promote the preservation of the native flora avoiding the loss of identity of the vegetation, as well as the historical importance of the area, potentiating its tourist value, for which, through the observation technique and the handling of field cards, the identification of the plant species of the sector and the diagnosis of the affectation by the excavation of the stone material were carried out. In addition, georeferenced information on the trails and rest areas was collected with the help of Geographic Information Systems. To complement the study, qualitative research instruments were used to determine strategies for the conservation of green areas and the archaeological importance of the hill. As a result, a proposal was made for the location of walking trails, viewpoints and other rest areas, establishing their conservation and reforestation areas. In conclusion, the observed findings show historical roots of the Durán canton and even pre-Hispanic roots at the Latin American level, and the design of trails and rest areas, potentiate the tourist value of this natural elevation.
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DE GOUVÊA, ALINE RUSSOMANO, LUCIMEIRE SILVA, PATRICIA MEDEIROS SILVA GRILO, EDIS BELINI JÚNIOR, and GIOVANNA DA SILVA PARENTE. "COMPLICAÇÕES DA COVID-19 EM PESSOAS COM DOENÇA FALCIFORME: REVISÃO TEÓRICA." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Imunologia On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1019.

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Introdução: A Doença Falciforme (DF), afecção genética caracterizada por anemia hemolítica crônica e inflamatória, tem a presença da Hemoglobina S e pode apresentar diferentes genótipos. Devido a fisiopatologia complexa da DF, as pessoas acometidas podem ser vulneráveis a várias infecções bacterianas e virais, por exemplo, o vírus causador da COVID-19. Objetivo: O estudo visa identificar as produções científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre as complicações da COVID-19 em indivíduos com DF. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão teórica que busca responder a questão norteadora "Quais as complicações desenvolvidas em pacientes com doença falciforme pela COVID-19?". Foram utilizados artigos nas bases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) com os descritores "COVID-19 complications" e "sickle cell disease". Empregando-se os filtros, 61 artigos foram encontrados e destes, nove foram utilizados por se relacionarem à temática. Resultados: As pessoas com DF são afetadas por complicações pulmonares, tais como a síndrome torácica aguda, embolia pulmonar e pneumonia. A disfunção endotelial, como consequência da oclusão vascular e polimerização da Hb S, bem como a expressão anormal de pró-coagulantes, conferem maior risco de tromboinflamação, sendo a crise de dor um dos sintomas mais frequente. Destaca-se o elevado risco de sepse devido ao hipoesplenismo, tornando os pacientes vulneráveis a infecções bacterianas sobrepostas. Conclusão: Não foram identificados dados que comprovem maior mortalidade nas pessoas com DF em decorrência da COVID-19, embora haja sugestões, o que evidencia a necessidade de abrangência em estudos. O aprofundamento em pesquisas científicas, irá permitir o detalhamento e compreensão da infecção nesse grupo de pacientes acometidos pela DF e melhorar o manejo clínico baseado em evidência.
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Silva, Mariana do Socorro Quaresma, and Mariana Quaresma Silva. "Políticas públicas no controle do vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids: uma revisão de literatura." In XIII Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de DST - IX Congresso Brasileiro de AIDS - IV Congresso Latino Americano de IST/HIV/AIDS. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/dst-2177-8264-202133p268.

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Introdução: A síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (aids) é causada pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana, cujos primeiros casos positivos notificados no Brasil datam do início dos anos 1980, quando tiveram início políticas públicas que visam a prevenção de novos casos e o tratamento daqueles já existentes. Objetivo: Revisar e discutir as políticas públicas de saúde para pessoas que vivem com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura acerca das políticas voltadas para pessoas que vivem com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids, com coleta de dados realizada no período de 05 a 20 de abril de 2021 nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, National Library of Medicine e Scientific Eletronic Library Online. Critérios de inclusão: artigos correlatos ao tema publicados entre 2016 e 2020. Critérios de exclusão: artigos concernentes ao tema, entretanto fora da área proposta. Resultados: Foram encontrados 32 artigos; após o critério de exclusão, resultaram em 15 artigos, que abordam as políticas públicas ao longo do tempo e fazem referência ao primeiro documento do Ministério da Saúde com orientação sobre a aids, à criação do primeiro programa para controle de aids do Ministério da Saúde, à distribuição gratuita de medicamentos, à importância do papel da sociedade civil nas políticas e ao papel das universidades e secretarias para a construção e fortalecimento dos centros de referência para pessoas que vivem com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids. Conclusão: Ao longo do tempo percebemos avanços e retrocessos acerca das políticas, os quais são diretamente influenciados pelo cenário político e pelo desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico do país. Períodos de crise política e econômica impactam na produção científica e resultam em cortes de gastos nas áreas da saúde e da educação, o que prejudica a execução das políticas.
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Reports on the topic "Crime, latin america"

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Jaitman, Laura, and Nicolás Ajzenman. Crime Concentration and Hot Spot Dynamics in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000448.

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Chauvin, Juan Pablo. Cities and Public Health in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003692.

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This paper presents an overview of how health outcomes vary across cities in Latin America and discusses some of the known drivers of this variation. There are large disparities in outcomes across cities and across neighborhoods of the same city. Because health is closely related to the socioeconomic conditions of individuals, part of the spatial variation reflects residential segregation by income. Local characteristics also have a direct effect on health outcomes, shaping individuals' access to health services and the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles. In addition, urban environments affect health through natural atmospheric conditions, through local infrastructure in particular water, sanitation, and urban transit and through the presence of urban externalities such as traffic congestion, pollution, crime, and the spread of transmissible diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic illustrates many of these patterns, since the impact of the disease has differed sharply across cities, and much of this variation can be explained by observable local characteristics particularly population, connectivity with other cities and countries, income levels, and residential overcrowding.
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Jaitman, Laura, Rodrigo Soares, Mauricio Olavarría-Gambi, and Roberto Guerrero Compeán. The Welfare Costs of Crime and Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000170.

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Jaitman, Laura. Frontiers in the economics of crime: Lessons for Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0001482.

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Cafferata, Fernando G., and Carlos Scartascini. Open configuration options What Public Policies Do Citizens Want for Combating Crime in Latin America and the Caribbean? A Dataset. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003353.

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Crime is a major problem in Latin America and the Caribbean. With 9 percent of the world's population, the region accounts for 33 percent of global homicides. This dataset makes extensive new survey data available to help identify what anti-crime policies citizens in the region demand from their governments, as well as who is demanding what and why. This dataset accompanies a recent report on Combating Crime in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Domínguez, Patricio, and Carlos Scartascini. Willingness to pay for crime reduction: evidence from six countries in the Americas. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004531.

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Crime levels are a perennial development problem in Latin America and a renewed concern in the United States. At the same time, trust in the police has been falling, and questions abound about citizens' willingness to support government efforts to fight crime. We conduct a survey experiment to elicit willingness to contribute toward reducing crime across five Latin American countries and the United States. We compare homicide, robbery, and theft estimates and find a higher willingness to contribute for more severe crimes and for higher crime reductions. In addition, we examine the role of information on the willingness to contribute by conducting two experiments. First, we show that exposing respondents to crime-related news increases their willingness to pay by 5 percent. Furthermore, while we document a 7 percent gap in willingness to pay for crime reduction between people who under- and over-estimate the murder rate, we find that this gap can be wholly eliminated by informing them about the actual level of crime. On average, our estimates suggest that households are willing to contribute around $140 per year for a 20 percent reduction in homicide. This individual-level predisposition would translate into additional investment in public security efforts of up to 0.5 percent of GDP.
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Jaitman, Laura, and Roberto Guerrero Compeán. Closing Knowledge Gaps: Toward Evidence-Based Crime Prevention Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000180.

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Jaitman, Laura, Dino Caprirolo, Rogelio Granguillhome Ochoa, Philip Keefer, Ted Leggett, James Andrew Lewis, José Antonio Mejía-Guerra, Marcela Mello, Heather Sutton, and Iván Torres. The Costs of Crime and Violence: New Evidence and Insights in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000615.

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Jaitman, Laura, ed. The Costs of Crime and Violence: New Evidence and Insights in Latin America and the Caribbean (Executive Summary). Inter-American Development Bank, February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000617.

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Blyde, Juan S., Matías Busso, and Ana María Ibáñez. The Impact of Migration in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Review of Recent Evidence. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002866.

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This paper summarizes recent evidence on the effects of migration on a variety of outcomes including labor markets, education, health, crime and prejudice, international trade, assimilation, family separation, diaspora networks, and return migration. Given the lack of studies looking at migration flows between developing countries, this paper contributes to fill a gap in the literature by providing evidence of the impact of South - South migration in general and for the Latin American countries in particular. The evidence highlighted in this summary provides useful insights for designing policies to leverage the developmental outcomes of migration while limiting its potential negative effects.
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