Journal articles: 'Crime Scene Reconstruction'

1

Buck, Ursula. "3D crime scene reconstruction." Forensic Science International 304 (November 2019): 109901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109901.

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Raymond, Tony. "Crime Scene Reconstruction from Bloodstains." Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences 29, no. 2 (July 1997): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00450619709411373.

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Webster, Peter. "Practical Crime Scene Analysis and Reconstruction." Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences 42, no. 3 (September 2010): 232–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00450618.2010.482106.

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Galanakis, George, Xenophon Zabulis, Theodore Evdaimon, Sven-Eric Fikenscher, Sebastian Allertseder, Theodora Tsikrika, and Stefanos Vrochidis. "A Study of 3D Digitisation Modalities for Crime Scene Investigation." Forensic Sciences 1, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 56–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci1020008.

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A valuable aspect during crime scene investigation is the digital documentation of the scene. Traditional means of documentation include photography and in situ measurements from experts for further analysis. Although 3D reconstruction of pertinent scenes has already been explored as a complementary tool in investigation pipelines, such technology is considered unfamiliar and not yet widely adopted. This is explained by the expensive and specialised digitisation equipment that is available so far. However, the emergence of high-precision but low-cost devices capable of scanning scenes or objects in 3D has been proven as a reliable alternative to their counterparts. This paper summarises and analyses the state-of-the-art technologies in scene documentation using 3D digitisation and assesses the usefulness in typical police-related situations and the forensics domain in general. We present the methodology for acquiring data for 3D reconstruction of various types of scenes. Emphasis is placed on the applicability of each technique in a wide range of situations, ranging in type and size. The application of each reconstruction method is considered in this context and compared with respect to additional constraints, such as time availability and simplicity of operation of the corresponding scanning modality. To further support our findings, we release a multi-modal dataset obtained from a hypothetical indoor crime scene to the public.

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Wang, Jinming, Zhengdong Li, Wenhu Hu, Yu Shao, Liyang Wang, Rongqi Wu, Kaijun Ma, Donghua Zou, and Yijiu Chen. "Virtual reality and integrated crime scene scanning for immersive and heterogeneous crime scene reconstruction." Forensic Science International 303 (October 2019): 109943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109943.

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Agosto, Eros, Andrea Ajmar, Piero Boccardo, Fabio Giulio Tonolo, and Andrea Lingua. "Crime Scene Reconstruction Using a Fully Geomatic Approach." Sensors 8, no. 10 (October 8, 2008): 6280–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s8106280.

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Raymond, M. A., E. R. Smith, and J. Liesegang. "Oscillating blood droplets – implications for crime scene reconstruction." Science & Justice 36, no. 3 (July 1996): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1355-0306(96)72591-1.

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Xu, Feng. "Applied-Information Technology in Reconstruction of Crime Scene Based on Virtual Reality." Advanced Materials Research 1046 (October 2014): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1046.465.

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With the development of virtual reality system, it provides powerful methods support to the research of forensic science. In this paper we first research the mainstream virtual engine and choose the UDK (Unreal Development Kit) for simulation, which is fully functional and easy to be used. Then, the prototype system of three-dimensional reconstruction for crime scene was established. The flow of virtual reality simulation, scene management, texture and the motion simulation of virtual human were discussed. Finally, we find a solution for the problem of scene investigation and reconstruction, which can promote the development of criminal technology, observe the crime scene from Multi-angle and improve the efficiency and the accuracy of judgment.

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Milliet, Quentin, and EricGermain Sapin. "Integration of Trace Images in Three-dimensional Crime Scene Reconstruction." Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2, no. 1 (2016): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2349-5014.172009.

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Buck, Ursula, Silvio Naether, Beat Räss, Christian Jackowski, and Michael J. Thali. "Accident or homicide – Virtual crime scene reconstruction using 3D methods." Forensic Science International 225, no. 1-3 (February 2013): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.05.015.

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Sieberth, T., R. Wackrow, V. Hofer, and V. Barrera. "LIGHT FIELD CAMERA AS TOOL FOR FORENSIC PHOTOGRAMMETRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-1 (September 26, 2018): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-1-393-2018.

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Abstract. Light field cameras record both the light intensity received by the sensor and the direction in which the light rays are travelling through space. Recording the additional information of the direction of Light rays provides the opportunity to refocus an image after acquisition. Furthermore, a depth image can be created, providing 3D information for each image pixel. Both, focused images and 3D information are relevant for forensic investigations. Basic overview images are often acquired by photographic novices and under difficult conditions, which make refocusing of images a useful feature to enhance information for documentation purposes. Besides focused images, it can also be useful to have 3D data of an incident scene. Capital crime scenes such as homicide are usually documented in 3D using laser scanning. However, not every crime scene can be identified as capital crime scene straight away but only in the course of the investigation, making 3D data acquisition of the discovery situation impossible. If this is the case, light field images taken during the discovery of the scene can provide substantial 3D data. We will present how light field images are refocused and used to perform photogrammetric reconstruction of a scene and compare the generated 3D model to standard photogrammetry and laser scanning data. The results show that refocused light field images used for photogrammetry can improve the photogrammetry result and aid photogrammetric processing.

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van Bruggen, Ariena H. C., and Isolde M. Francis. "Case Investigation and Forensic Evidence for a New Plant Disease: The Case of Lettuce Corky Root." Plant Disease 99, no. 3 (March 2015): 300–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-14-0953-fe.

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The process of disease diagnosis reminds of the process of solving a crime. This starts with a so-called ‘crime scene investigation’ (CSI) carried out in a highly systematic manner. The CSI is followed by ‘forensic investigation’ in specialized laboratories. The final step in solving a crime is the ‘crime scene reconstruction’ process, which involves systematic elimination of unlikely scenarios and comparison of results from the analysis of physical evidence with eye witness accounts. If more evidence becomes available, an ‘old case may be reactivated’. In this review, the same sequence of activities is followed to solve a plant disease problem using a case study of a disease that was difficult to diagnose, namely the ‘case’ of corky root of lettuce.

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Abate, D., I. Toschi, C. Sturdy-Colls, and F. Remondino. "A LOW-COST PANORAMIC CAMERA FOR THE 3D DOCUMENTATION OF CONTAMINATED CRIME SCENES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W8 (November 13, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w8-1-2017.

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Crime scene documentation is a fundamental task which has to be undertaken in a fast, accurate and reliable way, highlighting evidence which can be further used for ensuring justice for victims and for guaranteeing the successful prosecution of perpetrators. The main focus of this paper is on the documentation of a typical crime scene and on the rapid recording of any possible contamination that could have influenced its original appearance. A 3D reconstruction of the environment is first generated by processing panoramas acquired with the low-cost Ricoh Theta 360 camera, and further analysed to highlight potentials and limits of this emerging and consumer-grade technology. Then, a methodology is proposed for the rapid recording of changes occurring between the original and the contaminated crime scene. The approach is based on an automatic 3D feature-based data registration, followed by a cloud-to-cloud distance computation, given as input the 3D point clouds generated before and after e.g. the misplacement of evidence. All the algorithms adopted for panoramas pre-processing, photogrammetric 3D reconstruction, 3D geometry registration and analysis, are presented and currently available in open-source or low-cost software solutions.

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Naether, S., U. Buck, B. Raess, and M. Thali. "Crime scene reconstruction using 3-D scanning and medical imaging technologies." Science & Justice 50, no. 1 (March 2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2009.11.037.

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Rowe, Walter F. "Review of:Scientific Foundations of Crime Scene Reconstruction: Introducing Method to Mayhem." Journal of Forensic Sciences 59, no. 4 (June 27, 2014): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12506.

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Basu, Nabanita, and Samir Kumar Bandyopadhyay. "Crime scene reconstruction—Sex prediction from blood stained foot sole impressions." Forensic Science International 278 (September 2017): 156–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.06.017.

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Moorthy, T. Nataraja, and T. Natraja Moorthy. "CRIME RECONSTRUCTION, A TOOL TO SOLVE MYSTERY AND ACHIEVE JUSTICE - AN INTERESTING CRIME SCENE REPORT." Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology 20, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2020.39034.1163.

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Kraus, Matthias, Thomas Pollok, Matthias Miller, Timon Kilian, Tobias Moritz, Daniel Schweitzer, Jürgen Beyerer, Daniel Keim, Chengchao Qu, and Wolfgang Jentner. "Toward Mass Video Data Analysis: Interactive and Immersive 4D Scene Reconstruction." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 22, 2020): 5426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185426.

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The technical progress in the last decades makes photo and video recording devices omnipresent. This change has a significant impact, among others, on police work. It is no longer unusual that a myriad of digital data accumulates after a criminal act, which must be reviewed by criminal investigators to collect evidence or solve the crime. This paper presents the VICTORIA Interactive 4D Scene Reconstruction and Analysis Framework (“ISRA-4D” 1.0), an approach for the visual consolidation of heterogeneous video and image data in a 3D reconstruction of the corresponding environment. First, by reconstructing the environment in which the materials were created, a shared spatial context of all available materials is established. Second, all footage is spatially and temporally registered within this 3D reconstruction. Third, a visualization of the hereby created 4D reconstruction (3D scene + time) is provided, which can be analyzed interactively. Additional information on video and image content is also extracted and displayed and can be analyzed with supporting visualizations. The presented approach facilitates the process of filtering, annotating, analyzing, and getting an overview of large amounts of multimedia material. The framework is evaluated using four case studies which demonstrate its broad applicability. Furthermore, the framework allows the user to immerse themselves in the analysis by entering the scenario in virtual reality. This feature is qualitatively evaluated by means of interviews of criminal investigators and outlines potential benefits such as improved spatial understanding and the initiation of new fields of application.

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Ferreira, Samuel T. G., Aluisio Trindade-Filho, Karla A. Paula, Cláudia R. Mendes, Flávia A. Maia, Hyung Il Pak, Raul P. Neto, Harold D. Junior, and Adriana V. Moraes. "DNA analysis of biological material on perforating bullets and crime scene reconstruction." Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2, no. 1 (December 2009): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.09.020.

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Ristenbatt III, Ralph R. "Review of:Bloodstain Pattern Analysis with an Introduction to Crime Scene Reconstruction,3rd edition." Journal of Forensic Sciences 54, no. 1 (January 2009): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00932.x.

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Johnson, Donald J., Cheryl Andersen, Katherine A. Scriven, Amberly N. Klein, Mo Re Choi, Cindy Carroll, and Ray D. de Leon. "A Molecular Method to Correlate Bloodstains with Wound Site for Crime Scene Reconstruction." Journal of Forensic Sciences 59, no. 3 (March 8, 2014): 735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12377.

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Kao, Da-Yu. "Forensic Exchange Analysis of Contact Artifacts on Data Hiding Timestamps." Applied Sciences 10, no. 13 (July 7, 2020): 4686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10134686.

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When computer systems are increasingly important for our daily activities, cybercrime has created challenges for the criminal justice system. Data can be hidden in ADS (Alternate Data Stream) without hindering performance. This feature has been exploited by malware authors, criminals, terrorists, and intelligence agents to erase, tamper, or conceal secrets. However, ADS problems are much ignored in digital forensics. Rare researches illustrated the contact artifacts of ADS timestamps. This paper performs a sequence of experiments from an inherited variety and provides an in-depth overview of timestamp transfer on data hiding operations. It utilizes files or folders as original media and uses the timestamp rules as an investigative approach for the forensic exchange analysis of file sets. This paper also explores timestamp rules using case examples, which allow practical applications of crime scene reconstruction to real-world contexts. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of temporal attributes, help digital forensic practitioners to uncover hidden relations, and trace the contact artifacts among crime scenes, victims, and suspects/criminals.

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Shaqiri, Elmas, Bledar Xhemali, Zija Ismaili, Admir Sinamati, and Gentian Vyshka. "An unusual lethal gunshot wound to the head." Medico-Legal Journal 85, no. 1 (November 12, 2016): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025817216678718.

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Atypical gunshot wounds present a challenge for the forensic expert, and sometimes differentiating these from a blunt trauma can be difficult. A careful crime scene investigation can be helpful in finding additional evidence and clarifying the nature of the injuries. We describe a case of an unusual craniocerebral injury that was initially interpreted as a blow from a wooden object. The appearance of the wound lacked the classical characteristics of entrance and exit bullet wounds, but the investigation showed it was due to the ricocheting of a destabilized bullet. Potentially lethal, craniocerebral gunshot injuries are a common occurrence in developing countries even in non-conflict areas, with very bad outcomes even when treated aggressively in specialized neurosurgical facilities. The authors briefly discuss similar cases and opinions in the relevant literature, emphasizing the importance of a rational approach during the reconstruction of the crime scene.

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Colard, T., Y. Delannoy, F. Bresson, C. Marechal, J. S. Raul, and V. Hedouin. "3D-MSCT imaging of bullet trajectory in 3D crime scene reconstruction: Two case reports." Legal Medicine 15, no. 6 (November 2013): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2013.07.002.

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Brown, Nathan, M. Susan Ubbelohde, George Loisos, Santosh Philip, and Ibone Santiago. "EnergyPlus as a forensic tool: Thermal reconstruction of a crime scene using calibrated simulation." SIMULATION 90, no. 8 (April 15, 2014): 1007–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549714528744.

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Díaz-Vilariño, L., J. Martínez-Sánchez, S. Lagüela, J. Armesto, and K. Khoshelham. "Door recognition in cluttered building interiors using imagery and lidar data." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 6, 2014): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-203-2014.

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Building indoors reconstruction is an active research topic due to the importance of the wide range of applications to which they can be subjected, from architecture and furniture design, to movies and video games editing, or even crime scene investigation. Among the constructive elements defining the inside of a building, doors are important entities in applications like routing and navigation, and their automated recognition is advantageous e.g. in case of large multi-storey buildings with many office rooms. The inherent complexity of the automation of the recognition process is increased by the presence of clutter and occlusions, difficult to avoid in indoor scenes. In this work, we present a pipeline of techniques used for the reconstruction and interpretation of building interiors using information acquired in the form of point clouds and images. The methodology goes in depth with door detection and labelling as either opened, closed or furniture (false positive)

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Pavliuk, N. V. "POSSIBILITIES OF THE APPLICATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL TECHNOLOGIES AND MODERN TECHNOLOGICAL MEANS IN THE CRIME INVESTIGATION ACTIVITY." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 18 (December 26, 2018): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2018.11.

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The issues related to the introduction of innovative methods, technologies and technological means in the investigation of crimes are considered. It is noted that one of the main directions of the development of Criminalistics is the assimilation of the virtual reality associated with computerization of spheres of life, implementation of modern technologies and their use in law enforcement. Technology use of laser scanning of terrain and objects resulting in 3D model is produced allows several times to increase informative value of data collected at the incident scene, provides a visual and convenient visualization in three-dimensional form. As against photo and video images, 3D model has a stereoscopic image and the ability to freely change the angle while viewing. Besides to scanning results can be stored on any digital media without the possibility of changes or adjustments. Attention is focused on the technological capabilities of 3D-visualization systems on examples of their use in foreign countries as technological means of capturing the situation of the scene and the subsequent of a crime reconstruction. Thus, using a portable three-dimensional imaging system for working with volumetric traces at a crime scene, it is possible to obtain accurate three-dimensional images of traces of protectors or footprints (shoes) on soil and snow. This system is an alternative to traditional methods of fixing evidence: photofixing and making plaster casts. Unlike other systems, new approach does not require the use of lasers. The expediency of expanding the range of 3D laser scanning system use in modern investigative and judicial practice of our state with the aim of increasing the level of provision of pre-trial investigation authorities with technological means and bringing it closer to European standards is argued.

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Ackermann, Katrin, Kaye N. Ballantyne, and Manfred Kayser. "Estimating trace deposition time with circadian biomarkers: a prospective and versatile tool for crime scene reconstruction." International Journal of Legal Medicine 124, no. 5 (April 24, 2010): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-010-0457-1.

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Żaba, Czesław, Paweł Świderski, Karina Sommerfeld-Klatta, Zbigniew Żaba, Katarzyna Pluta-Hadas, and Monika Urbaniak. "Suicidal Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Using Motor Vehicle Exhaust in an Open Space." Medical Principles and Practice 28, no. 5 (2019): 490–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000500009.

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Objectives: A rare case of a suicidal use of gases from the car exhaust system of the car petrol engine in an open space is presented. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: To verify suicidal intent of poisoning, an experimental reconstruction of the crime scene was performed. This demonstrated that appropriately long exposure to carbon monoxide with unfavorable weather conditions can cause acute carbon monoxide poisoning in an open space. Conclusions: This case was studied to observe the pattern of fatal carbon monoxide poisoning in an open space. This might be helpful for forensic medicine, emergency medicine, and occupational medicine.

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Dzierżanowska, Joanna. "Access to a Lawyer for a Suspect at Early Stage of Criminal Proceedings and Its Participation in Investigative Acts." Review of European and Comparative Law 41, no. 2 (August 11, 2020): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/recl.6153.

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This elaboration is dedicated to analysis of access to a lawyer for a suspect at early stage of criminal proceedings in Polish criminal law in the light of directive 2013/48/EU. In particular, it emphasises the suspects right of access to a lawyer during identity parade, confrontation and reconstruction of the scene of a crime. It considers whether the applicable legal provisions of the Polish Code of Criminal Procedure ensure, above all, appropriate scope of the right of the defence for the suspected person in view of the indicated evidentiary activities and whether this scope corresponds to the standards designated by the European Union directive 2013/48/EU.

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Stojanović, Ivan, Jovan Stojanović, Dejan Šorgić, and Anita Čipev. "Effect of incomplete sampling description in DNA reports on bloodstain pattern analysis and reconstruction of a crime scene." Medicine, Science and the Law 60, no. 4 (May 31, 2020): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802420926876.

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DNA analysts in forensic laboratories are engaged in analysing and sampling bloodstains from bloodstained items. Detailed and precise descriptions of bloodstains on items of interest are very important for bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA). DNA and BPA reports were examined from forensic laboratories in Serbia ( N = 88). About 400 reports were observed from the past three years. First, we analysed descriptions of items (clothing and shoes) in DNA reports, and special attention was paid to descriptions of bloodstains. Subsequently, we estimated the value of descriptions of bloodstained items of interest in linking specific types of bloodstains to the obtained DNA profiles. Observed descriptions of bloodstained items in DNA reports are usually limited to phrases. A major problem exists in cases where several people were injured in the same bloodshed event. Connecting specific types of bloodstains to obtained DNA profiles is essential for the reconstruction of crime events. The complete analysis should therefore include detailed descriptions of all types of observed and sampled bloodstains. In DNA laboratories that are within a larger institute, it would be more appropriate and productive if BPA and DNA experts examined bloodstained items cooperatively. Moderately sized laboratories have a limited number of employees. So, in those DNA laboratories, it would be more appropriate to educate DNA analysts in the basic principles of BPA.

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Johnson, Donald J., David E. Raymond, Cynthia Chen, Matthew Quon, Julian Lis, Mo Re Choi, Christopher Lopez, Aileen Han, Ray D. de Leon, and Cynthia Bir. "A Molecular Method to Detect Wound Cells in Bloodstains Resultant of Sharp Force Injuries for Crime Scene Reconstruction." Journal of Forensic Sciences 63, no. 3 (August 23, 2017): 842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13623.

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Ackermann, Katrin, Kaye N. Ballantyne, and Manfred Kayser. "Erratum to: Estimating trace deposition time with circadian biomarkers: a prospective and versatile tool for crime scene reconstruction." International Journal of Legal Medicine 124, no. 5 (June 3, 2010): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-010-0471-3.

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Persad, Ravi Ancil, and Costas Armenakis. "CO-REGISTRATION OF DSMs GENERATED BY UAV AND TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING SYSTEMS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 985–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-985-2016.

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An approach for the co-registration of Digital Surface Models (DSMs) derived from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS) is proposed. Specifically, a wavelet-based feature descriptor for matching surface keypoints on the 2.5D DSMs is developed. DSMs are useful in wide-scope of various applications such as 3D building modelling and reconstruction, cultural heritage, urban and environmental planning, aircraft navigation/path routing, accident and crime scene reconstruction, mining as well as, topographic map revision and change detection. For these listed applications, it is not uncommon that there will be a need for automatically aligning multi-temporal DSMs which may have been acquired from multiple sensors, with different specifications over a period of time, and may have various overlaps. Terrestrial laser scanners usually capture urban facades in an accurate manner; however this is not the case for building roof structures. On the other hand, vertical photography from UAVs can capture the roofs. Therefore, the automatic fusion of UAV and laser-scanning based DSMs is addressed here as it serves various geospatial applications.

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Persad, Ravi Ancil, and Costas Armenakis. "CO-REGISTRATION OF DSMs GENERATED BY UAV AND TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING SYSTEMS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 985–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-985-2016.

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An approach for the co-registration of Digital Surface Models (DSMs) derived from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS) is proposed. Specifically, a wavelet-based feature descriptor for matching surface keypoints on the 2.5D DSMs is developed. DSMs are useful in wide-scope of various applications such as 3D building modelling and reconstruction, cultural heritage, urban and environmental planning, aircraft navigation/path routing, accident and crime scene reconstruction, mining as well as, topographic map revision and change detection. For these listed applications, it is not uncommon that there will be a need for automatically aligning multi-temporal DSMs which may have been acquired from multiple sensors, with different specifications over a period of time, and may have various overlaps. Terrestrial laser scanners usually capture urban facades in an accurate manner; however this is not the case for building roof structures. On the other hand, vertical photography from UAVs can capture the roofs. Therefore, the automatic fusion of UAV and laser-scanning based DSMs is addressed here as it serves various geospatial applications.

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Wang, Yun Xin, Ting Luo, Li Ting Ouyang, and Da Yong Wang. "Phase Contrast Imaging of the Fingerprint by Digital Holography." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 2443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.2443.

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Aiming to the special demand of the criminal investigation, a non-invasive and non-contact fingerprint acquisition method is proposed based on digital holography. The off-axis Fresnel digital holography is designed to record the digital hologram. The reconstruction of the complex amplitude from fingerprint is analyzed, and the phase aberration is corrected by the surface fitting based on the least square approach. In the scene of the crime, the fingerprint of suspects is easily left on some smooth surfaces. In the experiments, the CD-ROM disk with fingerprint information is used as the sample. The results show that the amplitude and phase images can be obtained and combined to capture more information of latent fingerprints, which demonstrates digital holography is effective for the acquisition of latent fingerprints and can be applied to the criminal investigation field.

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Pretto, N., and F. Poiesi. "TOWARDS GESTURE-BASED MULTI-USER INTERACTIONS IN COLLABORATIVE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W8 (November 14, 2017): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w8-203-2017.

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We present a virtual reality (VR) setup that enables multiple users to participate in collaborative virtual environments and interact via gestures. A collaborative VR session is established through a network of users that is composed of a server and a set of clients. The server manages the communication amongst clients and is created by one of the users. Each user’s VR setup consists of a Head Mounted Display (HMD) for immersive visualisation, a hand tracking system to interact with virtual objects and a single-hand joypad to move in the virtual environment. We use Google Cardboard as a HMD for the VR experience and a Leap Motion for hand tracking, thus making our solution low cost. We evaluate our VR setup though a forensics use case, where real-world objects pertaining to a simulated crime scene are included in a VR environment, acquired using a smartphone-based 3D reconstruction pipeline. Users can interact using virtual gesture-based tools such as pointers and rulers.

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Gardner, Ross M., and Thomas Bevel. "Commentary on: Ristenbatt RR. Review of:Bloodstain Pattern Analysis With an Introduction to Crime Scene Reconstruction. 3rd ed. J Forensic Sci 54;1:234." Journal of Forensic Sciences 54, no. 4 (July 2009): 968–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01085.x.

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Fuentes-López, Alberto, María Teresa Rebelo, Elena Romera, Alejandro López-López, and José Galián. "Genetic diversity of Calliphora vicina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the Iberian Peninsula based on cox1, 16S and ITS2 sequences." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 131, no. 4 (November 17, 2020): 952–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa109.

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Abstract The study of Diptera at the scene of a crime can provide essential information for the interpretation of evidence. Phylogeographic reconstruction could help differentiate haplotypes of a dipteran species in a geographical area, clarifying, for example, the details of a possible relocation of a corpse. In addition, inferring the ancestral areas of distribution helps to understand the current status of the species and its biogeographic history. One of the most important species in forensic entomology is Calliphora vicina Rovineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera: Calliphoridae). The aim of this work is to increase our knowledge of this species in the Iberian Peninsula using 464 specimens from Spain and Portugal. These samples were identified using morphological keys and by molecular methods using fragments of the cox1, 16S and ITS2 genes. The phylogeographic history of these populations was inferred from haplotype networks and the reconstruction of ancestral areas of distribution. The molecular results corroborated the morphological identifications of the samples. Phylogeographic networks showed no geographical structure, as haplotypes are shared among almost all populations. reconstruct ancestral state in phylogenies analyses showed a high rate of movement among populations, possibly related to human activity. These results suggest that this species had a very rapid and recent spatial and demographic expansion throughout the Iberian Peninsula.

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Comiskey, P. M., and A. L. Yarin. "Self-similar turbulent vortex rings: interaction of propellant gases with blood backspatter and the transport of gunshot residue." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 876 (August 8, 2019): 859–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.564.

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Self-similar turbulent vortex rings are investigated theoretically in the framework of the semi-empirical turbulence theory for the modified Helmholtz equation. The velocity and vorticity fields are established, as well as the transport of passive admixture by turbulent vortex rings. Turbulent vortex rings of propellant gases originating from the muzzle of a gun after a gunshot are an important phenomenon to consider in crime scene reconstruction. In this work, it is shown that this has a significant repercussion on the outcome of backward blood spatter resulting from a gunshot. Turbulent vortex rings of propellant gases skew the distribution of bloodstains on the ground and can either propel blood droplets further from the target, or even turn them backwards towards the target. This is revealed through the final bloodstain locations and the respective distributions of the number of stains and their area as a function of distance from the target for two different shooter-to-target distances. An image of the propagating muzzle gases after bullet ejection is overlaid with the predicted flow field, which reveals satisfactory agreement. Gunshot residue is an important factor in determining the events of a violent crime due to a gunshot and are considered to be entrained and transported by the propellant gases. The self-similar solutions for the flow, vorticity and concentration of gunpowder particles are predicted and the results are shown to be within the measured range of a limited set of experimental data.

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Wang, Haiping, Dongbo Mi, Wanxu Wang, Hongliang Zhang, Dongsheng Tong, Shengjiang Wang, and Feng Gao. "Latent Fingerprint Visualization and Subsequent DNA Extraction Using Electron Beam Evaporation of Metallic Ultra-Thin Films." Current Nanoscience 15, no. 3 (February 19, 2019): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573413714666180628155824.

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Background: Proper detection and subsequent extraction of biological evidence are crucial for crime scene reconstruction. Vacuum metal deposition is currently an effective technique used in latent fingerprint development. However, the established procedures commonly undergo a direct plasma bombardment, a high ablation fluence and/or a high temperature process in vacuum metal deposition system. Method: In this work, electron beam evaporation (EBE) was used to investigate the development of latent fingerprints and subsequent DNA extraction of biological evidence. Gold or copper is preferentially nucleated on the background surfaces rather than the fingerprint residues due to the difference of the nature of the surface, which indicates that the gold / copper and copper agglomerates are binding to the fingerprint valleys not the ridges of the fingerprint, revealing bright patterns with excellent ridge detail clarity on black surfaces. Result: It is demonstrated that the co-extraction of the latent fingerprints and DNA is attributed to electron beam evaporated one-step process with relatively low energy bombarding energetic species and neutral particles, less possibility of contamination and without toxic and fluorine-based gases. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that EBE is a promising technique for the latent fingerprints and DNA co-extraction.

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Zarmsky, Sarah. "Why Seeing Should Not Always Be Believing." Journal of International Criminal Justice 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqab048.

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Abstract Digital reconstructions of crime scenes have been used more frequently in both domestic and international courts as technology becomes more developed and accessible to courtroom actors. Though digital reconstructions can be beneficial, especially in the context of international criminal law, as they allow judges to visit crime scenes which would otherwise be too expensive or dangerous to travel to in person, there are inherent risks which come with the use of this novel type of evidence in a court of law. This article explores some key considerations which arise if digital reconstructions are to be used in international criminal courts and tribunals, with an emphasis on the rights of the accused and effects on victims and witnesses. It argues that in order for fair trial standards to be upheld and for international courts to fulfil their roles not just as prosecutors of crimes, but as seekers of truth and reconciliation, digital reconstructions need to be approached with caution and analysed through a critical eye.

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Arifi, Besim. "Documentation of the Crime Scene." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 1, no. 2 (August 30, 2015): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v1i2.p32-38.

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Documentation of the scene is one of the most important actions of the investigative group, which performs the examination of the scene. Documentation in itself includes: Taking notes, drawing and photographic team of the site inspection to the crime scene during phase taking notes must pay special attention to this stage, because it includes very important information for the investigation of the crime scene. Based on these information becomes final report on the case, so we can say that taking notes is of particular importance. Another important action is also the sketch. Mapping shows the drawing of the scene and all evidence was found there. Compiler of the sketch doesn’t minds to be definitely professional any painter or designer. It should be a good compiler which presents in detail all the information necessary to include net. This information will be used for testimony in court and to clarify the situation in the scene in case of reconstructions. Photographs of the crime scene investigation is a very important move which reflects the real image of the scene or any part of his and any evidence which has been inserted into focus photography.

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Arifi, Besim. "Documentation of the Crime Scene." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2, no. 1 (August 30, 2015): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v2i1.p32-38.

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Documentation of the scene is one of the most important actions of the investigative group, which performs the examination of the scene. Documentation in itself includes: Taking notes, drawing and photographic team of the site inspection to the crime scene during phase taking notes must pay special attention to this stage, because it includes very important information for the investigation of the crime scene. Based on these information becomes final report on the case, so we can say that taking notes is of particular importance. Another important action is also the sketch. Mapping shows the drawing of the scene and all evidence was found there. Compiler of the sketch doesn’t minds to be definitely professional any painter or designer. It should be a good compiler which presents in detail all the information necessary to include net. This information will be used for testimony in court and to clarify the situation in the scene in case of reconstructions. Photographs of the crime scene investigation is a very important move which reflects the real image of the scene or any part of his and any evidence which has been inserted into focus photography.

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Chen, Lifang, Dai Cao, and Yuan Liu. "A New Intelligent Jigsaw Puzzle Algorithm Base on Mixed Similarity and Symbol Matrix." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 32, no. 02 (November 12, 2017): 1859001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001418590012.

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Jigsaw puzzle algorithm is important as it can be applied to many areas such as biology, image editing, archaeology and incomplete crime-scene reconstruction. But, still, some problems exist in the process of practical application, for example, when there are a large number of similar objects in the puzzle fragments, the error rate will reach 30%–50%. When some fragments are missing, most algorithms fail to restore the images accurately. When the number of fragments of the jigsaw puzzle is large, efficiency is reduced. During the intelligent puzzle, mainly the Sum of Squared Distance Scoring (SSD), Mahalanobis Gradient Compatibility (MGC) and other metrics are used to calculate the similarity between the fragments. On the basis of these two measures, we put forward some new methods: 1. MGC is one of the most effective measures, but using MGC to reassemble the puzzle can cause an error image every 30 or 50 times, so we combine the Jaccard and MGC metric measure to compute the similarity between the image fragments, and reassemble the puzzle with a greedy algorithm. This algorithm not only reduces the error rate, but can also maintain a high accuracy in the case of a large number of fragments of similar objects. 2. For the lack of fragmentation and low efficiency, this paper uses a new method of SSD measurement and mark matrix, it is general in the sense that it can handle puzzles of unknown size, with fragments of unknown orientation, and even puzzles with missing fragments. The algorithm does not require any preset conditions and is more practical in real life. Finally, experiments show that the algorithm proposed in this paper improves not only the accuracy but also the efficiency of the operation.

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Carrier, Brian D., and Eugene H. Spafford. "Defining Event Reconstruction of Digital Crime Scenes." Journal of Forensic Sciences 49, no. 6 (2004): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs2004127.

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Boczkowska, Kornelia. "The crime scene that never is, or how Echo plays with the forensic gaze." Short Film Studies 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/sfs_00041_1.

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Through reconstructing the crime scene, Echo undermines the omniscient power of the forensic gaze and problematizes the relationship between the image and haptic spectatorship. While eliminating the spectacle and affect, the camera intensely lingers on characters’ facial image to engage viewers in the voyeurism of an absent scene of violence.

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PARK, S. J., S. W. CHAE, S. H. KIM, K. M. YANG, and H. S. CHUNG. "A STUDY OF THE RECONSTRUCTION OF ACCIDENTS AND CRIME SCENES THROUGH COMPUTATIONAL EXPERIMENTS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 31n32 (December 30, 2008): 5717–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208051066.

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Recently, with an increase in the number of studies of the safety of both pedestrians and passengers, computer software, such as MADYMO, Pam-crash, and LS-dyna, has been providing human models for computer simulation. Although such programs have been applied to make machines beneficial for humans, studies that analyze the reconstruction of accidents or crime scenes are rare. Therefore, through computational experiments, the present study presents reconstructions of two questionable accidents. In the first case, a car fell off the road and the driver was separated from it. The accident investigator was very confused because some circumstantial evidence suggested the possibility that the driver was murdered. In the second case, a woman died in her house and the police suspected foul play with her boyfriend as a suspect. These two cases were reconstructed using the human model in MADYMO software. The first case was eventually confirmed as a traffic accident in which the driver bounced out of the car when the car fell off, and the second case was proved to be suicide rather than homicide.

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Luchowski, Leszek, Dariusz Pojda, Agnieszka Anna Tomaka, Krzysztof Skabek, and Przemysław Kowalski. "Multimodal Imagery in Forensic Incident Scene Documentation." Sensors 21, no. 4 (February 17, 2021): 1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041407.

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Various imaging modalities are evaluated for use in forensic incident (crime or accident) scene documentation. Particular attention is paid to the precision vs. cost tradeoff, accomplished by judiciously combining various 3D scans and photogrammetric reconstructions from 2D photographs. Assumptions are proposed for two complementary software systems: an event scene pilot assisting the on-site staff in their work securing evidence and facilitating their communication with stationary support staff, and an evidence keeper, managing the voluminous and varied database of accumulated imagery, textual notes and physical evidence inventory.

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Ebert, Lars C., Tuan T. Nguyen, Robert Breitbeck, Marcel Braun, Michael J. Thali, and Steffen Ross. "The forensic holodeck: an immersive display for forensic crime scene reconstructions." Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology 10, no. 4 (October 16, 2014): 623–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12024-014-9605-0.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Crime Scene Reconstruction'

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