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Journal articles on the topic 'Criminal justice, Administration of – Moral and ethical aspects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Barbash, Daria. "Conflict between morality and law in criminal proceedings: theoretical aspects and practical examples." SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / SOCRATES. Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 3, no. 27 (2023): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.27.2023.3.09-16.

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"Criminal law, like other branches of law, is subject to the same moral principles, however, it is in criminal cases that a judge often resorts to ethical categories, since the type of punishment imposed may affect not only the restriction of the accused’s fundamental rights and freedoms, but also the future security of society. The purpose of the Article is to analyse the phenomena of morality and law as related categories in the administration of justice in criminal cases, and the importance of maintaining a balance between them when assessing evidence and imposing punishment in order to ren

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Krykun, Olga. "ETHICAL ASPECTS OF THE BEHAVIOR OF PUBLIC SERVANTS." 63, no. 63 (July 10, 2022): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2524-2547-2022-63-06.

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Abstract. The article analyzes the problems of conflict of interest of civil servants. The relevance of the study is that at the present stage the ethics of civil service is a type of managerial ethics, based on which the professional morality of civil servants is studied, and value orientations, ethical norms, moral aspects of behavior, relationships between people in public administration are substantiated. The microethics of a civil servant reveals specific requirements for the morality of civil servants, which are related to the peculiarity of the profession, its institutional, organizatio

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Freedman, Alfred M., and Abraham L. Halpern. "The Psychiatrist's Dilemma: A Conflict of Roles in legal Executions." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 33, no. 5 (1999): 629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.1999.00625.x.

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In the United States, a critical controversy is taking place in regard to psychiatrists' and other physicians' participation in legal executions. Under pressure from the criminal justice system and legislatures to expedite executions, some forensic psychiatrists have succeeded in loosening traditional prohibitions against such participation. Further, there has been a weakening of the prohibition against treatment designed to facilitate immediate execution of those condemned to death. The rationale offered for these departures from current psychiatric ethical codes is the novel notion that when

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Sereda, O., and Y. Svichkaryova. "MAIN ASPECTS OF THE ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES." Scientific Notes Series Law 1, no. 13 (2023): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-9230-2022-13-6-9.

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The article examines the concept of deontology, deontological values and the essence of deontological principles of law enforcement activity in the context of legal science. It was established that deontology is a system of scientific knowledge about the duty and norms of proper professional behavior of specialists in their field of activity. It is emphasized that the moment of upbringing is connected with deontological values, in particular it is stated that one of the main needs of a person is safety in all spheres of his life, humane treatment and respectful attitude towards him during the

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Smirnov, Alexander, and Andrey Santashov. "Extrajudicial Forms of Protecting Rights and Freedoms of a Person in the Field of Criminal Law Relations: Conceptual Aspects and Improvement of State Response." Russian Journal of Criminology 15, no. 2 (2021): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2021.15(2).210-219.

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The article describes the conceptual basis for a new special research theory — extrajudicial forms of protecting rights and freedoms of a person in the field of criminal law relations. The authors introduce the concept of these forms and their system consisting of legal and non-legal forms of such protection. It is concluded that the reaction of the state to the implementation of legal extrajudicial forms of protecting rights and freedoms of a person in the field of criminal law relations should be improved with the purpose of ensuring greater justice when making decisions on criminal prosecut

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Boyd, William, and Diane Newton. "Times of Change, Times of Turbulence." International Journal of Cyber Ethics in Education 1, no. 3 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcee.2011070101.

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Rapid changes in academic work environments raise ethical dilemmas in supporting students, implementing policies, and developing professional practice. New teaching technologies require academics to consider community aspects of learning and teaching and impacts on student learning in networked environments. This paper critically reflects on recent experience at a small Australian regional university adapting teaching- notably through on-line environments- to respond to student learning need diversity. Applying Shapiro’s use of the ethics of care, critique, justice and the profession to examin

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James, Jennifer Elyse. "The Problem Is Not (Merely) Mass Incarceration: Incarceration as a Bioethical Crisis and Abolition as a Moral Obligation." Hastings Center Report 53, no. 6 (2023): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hast.1542.

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AbstractMass incarceration is an ethical crisis. Yet it is not only the magnitude of the system that is troubling. Mass incarceration has been created and sustained by racism, classism, and ableism, and the problems of the criminal legal system will not be solved without meaningfully intervening upon these forms of oppression. Beyond that, incarceration itself—whether of one person or 2 million—represents a moral failing. To punish and control, rather than invest in community and healing, is antithetical to the values of the field of bioethics. This commentary, which responds to the article “F

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Matviyіv, Rostislav. "Problems in the sphere of judges’ benevolence in the modern conditions of political and legal reality." Visnik Nacional’nogo universitetu «Lvivska politehnika». Seria: Uridicni nauki 10, no. 39 (2023): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/law2023.39.021.

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The article examines aspects of the generalization of problems in the field of integrity of judges in modern conditions of political and legal reality. The integrity of judges is the basis for ensuring civil rights and freedoms, as well as for fulfilling the important role of judges in ensuring a just society. In the context of judicial reform in Ukraine, the integrity of judges acts as a strategic tool for ensuring the independence and transparency of the judicial system, contributes to strengthening citizens' trust in the judiciary and increasing the authority of the court in society. It has

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Lech Falandysz and Krzysztof Poklewski- Koziełł. "Przestępczość polityczna - zarys problematyki." Archives of Criminology, no. XVI (May 16, 1989): 189–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.7420/ak1989d.

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The interest in political crime has been growing in the Polish doctrine of penal law and criminology of the 1980's. In 1982, the Institute of Penal Law of Warsaw university organized a conference dealing with the problems of political crime and the status of political prisoners. In 1984, the works of J. Kubiak and S. Hoc were published, with those of T. Szymanowski and S. Popławski to follow during the next two years. In 1986, articles by Z. Ciepiński and S. Pawela appeared in the organ of the Academy’s of Internal Affairs Institute of Law, and the Learned Society for Penal Law devoted one of

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Sukanya Aimimtham, Imron Sohson, Pornsan Piyanantisak,. "Guidelines to Improve Public Service Administration for Thailand Reform: Reflections from the Northeast." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (2021): 1314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.899.

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This research is based on a synthesis from a reconciliation forum for the country’s reform in Khon Kaen province, northeast Thailand. The purpose of the study is to identify conflicts and development issues in the area; investigate the need for reform in various sectors at both local and national levels, and explore alternatives or guidelines to improve public service administration for the country's reform. Data was collected using qualitative research tools including focus group, dialogue, and open-ended questionnaires. The target groups consisting of 3,200 people who is living in Khon Kaen

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Romansah, Fauzul. "Legal Liability Towards The Abuse Of Doctor's Authority In Performing Visum Et Repertum." Pancasila and Law Review 1, no. 2 (2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/plr.v1i2.2126.

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Visum et Repertum (VeR) is in the form of a written statement made by doctors who have to take an oath of office, based on things seen and discovered upon examination of the dead or wounded allegedly caused by a criminal act. KUHAP does not mention the term visum et repertum, but KUHAP is one of the legal bases in making VeR. VeR is not only needed in criminal case examination but also civil cases in some instances. The exact cause of a person's death can be related to events in criminal law as well as civil law as in the claim insurance or determination of heirs related to the distribution of

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Skliarenko, I. V. "Prospects for the use of artificial intelligence in civil justice." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 1, no. 81 (2024): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.81.1.36.

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The article discusses the general prospects for the use of artificial intelligence technology in civil proceedings as a main and auxiliary tool at the current stage of the development of this technology. The main approaches to defining the concept of artificial intelligence were studied and its classification into weak, strong and superintelligence was characterized. It is emphasized that justice is usually administered by professional judges, as high demands are placed on their legal knowledge and life experience. It is argued that equal replacement of a judge in civil proceedings with artifi

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Kranz, Jerzy. "Wollt ihr den totalen Krieg? Legal, Political, and Moral Aspects of the Resettlement of German Population." Polish Review of International and European Law 7, no. 2 (2020): 9–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/priel.2018.7.2.01.

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Germany had started the Second World War in an intentional and conscious manner, obviously being aware that every action can have unpredictable and unwanted consequences. The Potsdam decisions were taken by the Great Powers after assuming supreme authority in Germany. They constituted a manifestation of the Allies’ rights and responsibilities. The territorial changes of Germany and the transfer of population were part of the general regulation of the effects of the Second World War. These decisions were not a simple matter of revenge. They must be perceived in a wider political perspective of

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Lankevich, A. "Some historical and legal aspects of bringing to legal responsibility for giving and executing criminal orders and orders." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 1 (May 29, 2023): 641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2023.01.112.

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The article provides a general description of the evolutionary stage of the development of legal responsibility for issuing and executing criminal orders and orders arising from the legal and historical sources of the Ancient World, Ancient Times and the Bible as the basis for the development of modern constitutional law. The biblical understanding of legal responsibility for issuing and executing criminal orders and orders, its content, nature and types is analyzed separately; the cause-and-effect relationship between the actions of government representatives and ordinary people and the onset

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Amarini, Indriati, Yusuf Saefudin, Ika Ariani Kartini, Marsitiningsih Marsitiningsih, and Noorfajri Ismail. "Digital transformation: creating an effective and efficient court in Indonesia." Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 31, no. 2 (2023): 266–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v31i2.28013.

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This article discusses digital transformation as an effective and efficient paradigm in court services in Indonesia. The Supreme Court has used digital transformation in court administration by developing an electronic court system or e-Court since 2018. However, procedural law has no legal basis related to electronic trials. The development of online dispute resolution is very fast, while procedural principles regarding due process and neutrality must remain the court's main task. In addition, establishing Internet courts involves three fundamental legal ethical principles: restoring the cere

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16

Sherwin, Susan. "Women in Clinical Studies: A Feminist View." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, no. 4 (1994): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100005417.

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There is significant evidence that the health needs of women and minorities have been neglected by a medical research community whose agendas and protocols tend to focus on more advantaged segments of society. In response, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States have recently issued new policies aimed at increasing the utilization of women in clinical studies. As well, the U.S. Congress passed the NIH Revitalization Act of 1993, which specifically mandates increased inclusion of women and racial and ethnic groups in clinical studies.

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17

Ragimov, Ilgam M. "Nuremberg Trials: the triumph of justice or the trial of the victors? (Reflections on the book by A.N. Savenkov “Nuremberg: A Verdict for name of Peace”." Gosudarstvo i pravo, no. 12 (2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s102694520023298-8.

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The article analyzes historical, geopolitical, legal and other aspects of the organization and conduct of the International Military Tribunal on the basis of the monograph by Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences A.N. Savenkov “Nuremberg: A Verdict for name of Peace”. over the main Nazi criminals, the political, legal and moral significance of its results for the further strengthening of peace on Earth and the prevention of global wars, the prevention of crimes against the peace and security of mankind, the development of International Law, etc. are investigated. Based on the

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"Editorial: “Social Work Ethics and Values in the Context of Criminal Rehabilitation”." Pakistan Journal of Criminology, January 16, 2024, i—ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.1.i.ii.

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The Social Work profession has seen a rise in the importance of criminal rehabilitation in recent years as a means of promoting justice and community well-being. The intersection of Social Work ethics and criminal rehabilitation presents a dynamic landscape that demands careful consideration and reflection. Examining the ethical aspects that influence social workers' practice is essential since they continue to be vital in helping people. To reintegrate into society after being convicted. This editorial aims to shed light on the ethical dimensions inherent in the endeavors of social workers as

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19

Noordegraaf, Judith E., and Marleen Weulen Kranenbarg. "Why do young people start and continue with ethical hacking? A qualitative study on individual and social aspects in the lives of ethical hackers." Criminology & Public Policy, October 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12650.

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AbstractResearch SummaryThis qualitative interview study examined individual and social aspects in the lives of 15 hackers who started with ethical hacking before the age of 18. We examined what motivated and stimulated them to start with ethical hacking and how and why they continued. Results show that individual aspects, such as an early interest in ICT (Information and Communication Technology), the motivation to make systems more secure, and thinking of reporting vulnerabilities as a moral duty, contribute to the initiation of ethical hacking. Social aspects, such as role models, mainly pl

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20

Barnum, Timothy C., and Jean-Louis van Gelder. "Choice, Social Structure, and Crime." Crime & Delinquency, June 7, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00111287241258670.

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On May 22 to 23, 2023, a workshop held at the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Crime, Security and Law explored the gap between macro-level sociological perspectives and micro-level rational choice perspectives in criminology. The current special issue is the fruit of that effort. Three main themes—structural and cultural constraints, economic opportunities and criminal justice involvement, and moral and ethical contexts—are examined in seven empirical contributions. Together, the studies underscore the notion that while rational choice and sociological theories are often viewed as confli

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Povzyk, Yevhen. "SEPARATE ASPECTS OF THE ETHICAL AND LEGAL REQUIREMENTS OF LEGAL AID IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS BASED ON A PLEA AGREEMENT." International scientific journal "Internauka". Series: "Juridical Sciences", no. 9(55) (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.25313/2520-2308-2022-9-8264.

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The article analyzes the main minimum guarantees of the implementation of the principle of ensuring the right to defense and legal assistance to a person accused of committing a criminal offense, formulated in international legal acts and decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. The degree of implementation of the specified guarantees into domestic legislation has been clarified. The essence and significance of the defense counsel's participation in criminal proceedings on the basis of a plea agreement, which is a guarantee of ensuring not only the rights and legitimate interests of th

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Chopyak, Valentyna, and Wolodymyr P. Maksymowych. "MORAL AND ETHICAL COMPONENT OF SCIENCE IN TIMES OF WAR." Proceeding of the Shevchenko Scientific Society. Medical Sciences 72, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.25040/ntsh2023.02.01.

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Does science have a moral component? Today, as well as in the past, the perspectives of scientists diverge. Some scientists join political groups and work for them. They only care about financial benefits and waiving moral and ethical rules. Others take an alienated stance, arguing that science only has scientific objectives that must be addressed. They lack concern for ethical aspects and stand by the motto “science for the sake of science.” Others say it is important to have ethical rules in science and that we cannot preserve humankind and its movement towards the future without ethical and

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Khmyz, Mariana. "REQUIREMENTS FOR INCOMPATIBILITY OF A JUDGE POSITION WITH OTHER TYPES OF ACTIVITY: COMPARATIVE CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECT." International scientific journal "Internauka". Series: "Juridical Sciences", no. 8(42) (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.25313/2520-2308-2021-8-7429.

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The article reveals the requirements for the incompatibility of the position of a judge with other activities in the comparative constitutional and legal aspect. It is determined that the requirements for incompatibility of a judge's position with other activities in Ukraine are regulated by the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine «On the Judiciary and the Status of Judges», the Law of Ukraine «On Purification of Power», the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Rules of Court adopted by the Council of Europe and the European Court of Human Rights, the

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Croydon, Silvia. "In It Together." Voices in Bioethics 8 (March 17, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/vib.v8i.9426.

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Photo by Sangharsh Lohakare on Unsplash ABSTRACT The public should debate the ethical and social challenges arising from heritable human genome editing (HHGE). The notorious case involving He Jiankui may have led to the disfavor of gene editing and a precautionary approach. While the de facto global moratorium on HHGE is clearly justified considering our current inability to implement it safely and effectively, the difficult ethical considerations should be addressed prior to the ability to initiate widespread HHGE. This piece argues that prospective patients and other members of society beyon

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25

Chen, Peter. "Community without Flesh." M/C Journal 2, no. 3 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1750.

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On Wednesday 21 April the Minister for Communications, Information Technology and the Arts introduced a piece of legislation into the Australian Senate to regulate the way Australians use the Internet. This legislation is presented within Australia's existing system of content regulation, a scheme that the Minister describes is not censorship, but merely regulation (Alston 55). Underlying Senator Alston's rhetoric about the protection of children from snuff film makers, paedophiles, drug pushers and other criminals, this long anticipated bill is aimed at reducing the amount of pornographic mat

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Franks, Rachel. "A Taste for Murder: The Curious Case of Crime Fiction." M/C Journal 17, no. 1 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.770.

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Introduction Crime fiction is one of the world’s most popular genres. Indeed, it has been estimated that as many as one in every three new novels, published in English, is classified within the crime fiction category (Knight xi). These new entrants to the market are forced to jostle for space on bookstore and library shelves with reprints of classic crime novels; such works placed in, often fierce, competition against their contemporaries as well as many of their predecessors. Raymond Chandler, in his well-known essay The Simple Art of Murder, noted Ernest Hemingway’s observation that “the goo

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Quan, Alexander. "Addressing Shortcomings in Contingency Standards of Care." Voices in Bioethics 8 (September 17, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/vib.v8i.9991.

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Photo by Adhy Savala on Unsplash ABSTRACT During a crisis, when healthcare capacity becomes overwhelmed and cannot meet regular standards of patient care, crisis standards of care are invoked to distribute scarce hospital space, staff, and supplies. When transitioning between conventional standards of care and crisis standards, hospitals may have to manage resources under scarcity constraints in an intermediate phase defined as the contingency phase. While much attention has been paid to the ethics of crisis standard of care protocols, contingency measures were more widely implemented, though

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Karasik, Nicholas. "Protecting the Autonomy of Patients with Severe Mental Illness Through Psychiatric Advance Directive Peer-Facilitation." Voices in Bioethics 9 (August 30, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/vib.v9i.11800.

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Photo by 168502358© Designer491|Dreamstime.com ABSTRACT Psychiatric Advance Directives (PADs) can protect the autonomy of those living with severe mental illness (SMI) and improve their treatment outcomes. However, their uptake is low for several documented reasons. Attempts to increase patient uptake of PADs can circumvent risks of undue provider influence in the facilitation process and promote optimal mental health outcomes with a peer-support model, thereby protecting patient autonomy in accordance with the principle of beneficence. Moreover, policymakers and mental health organizations sh

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Sanchez Alonso, Jason. "Undue Burden the Medical School Application Process Places on Low-Income Latinos." Voices in Bioethics 9 (November 7, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/vib.v9i.10166.

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Photo by Nathan Dumlao on Unsplash ABSTRACT The demographic of physicians in the United States has failed to include a proportionate population of Latinos in the United States. In what follows, I shall argue that the medical school admission process places an undue burden on low-income Latino applicants. Hence, the underrepresentation of Latinos in medical schools is an injustice. This injustice relates to the poor community health of the Latino community. Health disparities such as diabetes, HIV infection, and cancer mortality are higher amongst the Latino community. The current representatio

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