Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Crise financière'
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Seve, Margot. "La régulation financière après la crise." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010308.
Full textJae-Taeck, Kang. "La crise financière du modèle coréen." Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA131006.
Full textSinapi, Christine. "Crises financières et gouvernance mondiale : intégration financière des économies émergentes et crises d'illiquidité : une analyse en termes de fragilité financière internationale." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOE006.
Full textThis dissertation offers an analysis of emerging economies financial crises. It aims to explain the following observation: at the end of the 1990’s, the development of international financial integration in emerging economies coincided with an increase of their financial instability, taking the form of systemic liquidity crises with sudden stops. The analysis of this relationship is inspired from Minsky’s financial fragility concept and from the so-called “third generation” crisis models. International financial integration includes two distinctive components: the first is the de facto financial integration (increase in transnational capital flows); the second is the de jure financial integration, which refers to financial liberalization policies. The potential effects of these two elements are examined successively. In emerging economies, de facto integration has been accompanied by an increase in international capital flows (capital surge) and an increase in the part of portfolio investments. The first hypothesis is that this may constitute a form of international financial fragility. In this context, such fragility appears as a necessary condition to a systemic liquidity crisis and may be sufficient to trigger liquidity problems including endogenous sudden stops. The second hypothesis is that de jure financial integration may be the source of an institutional fragility, the effect of which is to encourage the development of financial fragility and thus the risk of a crisis. The concept of institutional fragility is inspired from Minsky's latest researches, of which an interpretation and extension is proposed. The results from this theoretical analysis are illustrated by the cases of 1990’s emerging economies' crises. To conclude, some perspectives regarding international financial governance directly derive from this analysis, which should lead to further research
Bricongne, Jean-Charles. "Essais sur les liens internationaux entre économie financière et économie réelle pendant la crise." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010014.
Full textVichutripop, Poon. "Le développement en Thai͏̈lande (avant la crise financière)." Paris, INALCO, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INAL0008.
Full textIn the seventies, Thailand focused importance on exportation which become the main factor of its rising economy. Due to the current international competition and with the will to become in the short term a nearly industrialised country, Thailand must implement a new strategy. The goal of our study is to demonstrate in the first section an analysis of Thailand's capacities in the following sectors : macro-economy, direct foreign investment, infrastructures, research and development, as well as invention protection. This analysis highlights the crucial lack of manpower in sciences and technology. Thailand must face this problem if the country is coiling to reach and to maintain the level it has set for itself. The second section shows therefore the importance of the manpower in sciences and technology, the training methods and the means that Thailand has implemented today in this field
Peicuti, Cristina. "La crise financière et nouvelles approches du canal crédit." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020102.
Full textPion, Damien. "La gestion de crise dans les PME : le cas de la crise financière de 2008." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4468/1/030309423.pdf.
Full textFoucaud, David. "Crise financière et choc institutionnel : une comparaison des crises anglaise de 1866 et thaïlandaise de 1997." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00174116.
Full textReiffers, Véronique. "Crise financière et économie réelle : l'exemple du krach boursier d'octobre 1987." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010059.
Full textThe real effects weakness of the stock market crash in october 1987 have surprised most of the economists. Would this shock neutrality over global demand tend towards proving that the supporters of financial-real dichotomy are right ? at first we analyse theories studying the real spreading ways of a changing in financial assets prices and especially stocks. In a second part we confront the 1987 reality with theories and try to explain the real effects limitations mechanisms, that is on households consumption and firms investment. Thirdly we show what is the government intervention part in this deconnection. These large, quick, and internationally coordinated interventions have circumbscrimbed the crash to the financial area, maintaining confidence in the future. Regarding the global expectation system, these public actions have contributed to thwart the real consequences, creating a collective rationality that induced non-rationality at the indivudal level at variance with theorical precepts
Rharrabti, Houda. "Essais sur la contagion financière en Europe." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100194.
Full textThis thesis examines some aspects of the financial contagion in Europe during the subprime crisis and the European sovereign debt. The aim of the first chapter is to study the transmission of financial stress in the Eurozone to Central and Eastern European countries (CEE). Our goal is to empirically examine the relationship between the degradation of the financial environment of the Eurozone -during these two crises- and the variations of volatility on the CEE’s stock markets. In the second chapter, we investigate contagion between pairs of Eurozone and CEE’s stock market. For this purpose, we opt for the methodology of Flavin et al. (2008) based on a unified approach that allows for testing both shift and bi-directional pure contagion. In the third chapter, we analyze the influence of the recent European sovereign debt crisis on banks’ equity returns for 15 countries. Our contribution to the literature is twofold. First, we use an explicit multifactor model of equity returns extended with a sovereign risk factor. Second, we adopt a Smooth Transition Regression (STR) framework that allows for an endogenous definition of crisis periods and captures the changes in parameters associated with shift contagion
Veyrand, Laura. "Droit et culture : les déterminants de la gestion des résultats en contexte de crise et post-crise financière ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0181.
Full textA sample of European companies was formed (cultural diversity and heterogeneity of observable legislation) listed on the STOXX Europe indices of 2008 and 2011. The type of results management was considered via the manipulations via discretionary accruals as well as the actual management of the results. The sensitivity of "cultural" results management is analyzed using two studies. In times of economic unrest, traditional factors are favorable to manipulation (size, shareholding structure, level of debt). Cultural determinants also have repercussions on managerial discretion (Individualism), found in countries where the satisfaction of personal interests takes precedence over the general interest, represents an incentive to manage results, as does the desire to control the orientation towards performance, the degree of distance from power, the desire to control uncertainty contribute to the management of results. In the post-crisis period, only the characteristics of the firm explain the use of results management: they appear as obstacles to managerial discretion, cultural specificities no longer have an impact on manipulations, the influence of characteristics management of results remains. None of the variables tested concerning the characteristics of the firm, institutional, governance, cultural seem to explain the practices of real management of results
Do, Thi Thanh Nga. "La crise financière asiatique et le commerce international : quel est le lien ?" Bordeaux 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR40067.
Full textThe Asian financial crisis that occured on July, 2nd in 1997 is different from other crises because of its intensity and span. Its effects were felt not only in Asia, but also in other regions, such as Latin America and Russia. We may sometimes think that financial crises only occur in emerging markets, but the Asian crisis reached Japan whose gross domestic product is twice of the one all the other countries in crisis, and also Hong Kong with a highly developed financial matket. In this paper, the Asian financial crisis will be studied in relation with international trade for the following reasons : i) we noted that there was a large current account deficit in most Asian countries ; 2) trade has become more and more important for thier economies ; 3) trade is one of the main contagion channels of financial crises. In contrast, financial crises can have some effects on trade in three ways : - credit crunch diminishing the capacity to finance trade ; - decrease in growth rate reducing the propensity to consume and exchange rates increase risks for traders, and as a consequence, causing a decrease in trade. In my thesis I will use econometric tests like the simple regression and data panel models to measure the impact of the Asian financial crisis on trade and vice versa. The bilateral relation between the Asian financial crisis and trade will be presented in three stages : the triggering factors, the spread and the resolution of this crisis
Lamoureux, David. "La transmission d'information entre le marché des prêts syndiqués et les marchés boursiers." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6093.
Full textCharpe, Matthieu. "Institutions économiques et diversité des formes de fragilité financière : théories et applications aux cas japonais et sud-américain." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0133.
Full textSince the 70's financial crises have become recurrent, even habituai; and few economies have been spared. The most recent financial crises, in particular in those countri. Es with complex financial systems such as Japan and the United States, remind us that the banking system is at the heart of financial fragility. The literature on financial crises makes two major points. First, there are no financial crises without credit. Financial crises are the result of a process, which is triggered by the peculiar nature of credit. Second, the depth of the crises is determined by the banking sector's resilience. The resolution of the crisis depends on whether there is a banking crisis and/or on the efficiency of the management of banking crisis by public authorities. This work aims to formalize some of the mechanisms linked to credit and to the banking sector, which plays a central role in financial crises. In addition, the theoretical models are tested to the Japanese and to the South American cases. This work raises 5 issues: 1. Debt accumulation and debt deflation spirals 2. Debt default 3. Bankruptcies 4. Banking crises 5. Public intervention
Compin, Frédéric. "L'inefficience de l'information financière et l'hypothèse de la régulation." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0135.
Full textThis thesis aims to show that when share price values are divorced from economic reality this inevitably leads to inefficient information. Financial information regulation must therefore be a sine qua non for ensuring the transparency of financial markets and this can only be achieved if the powers that be use regulatory legal instruments to restore meaning to distributed financial information. If the state of positive law allows ex post sanctioning of insider dealing, share price manipulations and false information distribution, it is seemingly powerless to counter copycat behaviour and rumour-spreading. This then clearly indicates a need to develop prudential regulation to anticipate and prevent the development and dissemination of information which does not reflect economic reality. The subprime crisis, reflecting the powerlessness of financial markets to provide effective information about the risks incurred, illustrates the need to find regulatory solutions for the strict control of securitization and rating agency action. Financial information, a modern 21st -century challenge, must therefore become a public good for economists and a res communis for lawyers so as to serve the general interest. Respecting this requirement is the basis for building general principles of equality of treatment among investors and fairness of access to financial information
Fusi, Mathieu. "Communication de l’État en contexte de crise financière internationale. : Le cas des crises : krach boursier de 1987, crise asiatique de 1997-1998, subprimes en 2007-2008." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL009/document.
Full text"International financial crises" are meaningful events who question the order of the financial sector while impacting the rest of the society, notably at economic (drop of credits for example) and social levels (unemployment for example). In consequence, they clearly show values and norms that the state and its representatives stand up for when they communicate. Our research is based on communication activities of the members of the executive (ministers and the president of the Republic) during the "stock market crash of 1987", the "asian crisis of 1997-1998", and the "subprimes crisis of 2007-2008". Indeed there is a symbolic link between communication activities of the members of the executive and State communication. Ministers and the President are legitimate to embody the State and make it act through their communication activities. From this link, it is possible to understand the role of the State communication during an "international financial crisis". This thesis examines the participation of State communication in the government of French society. It also addresses the collaborative and competitive relationships, through of communication, that State officials have with different actors - such as journalists or political actors of other States - involved in building a "crisis". In short, our research suggests to include the communication of the State in logics of domination and power relations
Lemzeri, Yasmina. "Le statut de propriété et la gouvernance des banques coopératives impactent-ils la prise de risque et leur stabilité financière ? : une comparaison avec les banques à capital-actions en Europe." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0315.
Full textThe European banking landscape consists mainly of plc banks and of cooperative banks. This difference of structure of property brings us then to wonder if the specificities which characterize them in their scope of activity, in the organizational structure and in their mode of governance can have an impact on their level of risk-taking and on their contribution to the financial stability of the banking system. The recent financial crisis known as the “subprime mortgage crisis” is an event on which we can then lean to answer this interrogation.In this research, and at first, we analyze in depth the reasons which could explain why the cooperative status and the modes of corresponding governance lead these banks to adopt less risky behavior, to be better capitalized than plc banks, what can influence in a differentiated way on the risk-taking and the financial stability. Secondly, we estimate more exactly, in an empirical way, the capacity of resistance and impact strength of banks during the subprime mortgage crisis, the most serious crisis that the banking industry has known since the 1930s. We attempt then to verify if the differences which we noted in terms of status of property and hybridization of the cooperative model (with regard to that of plc banks), are translated by differences in their characteristic, financial risk-taking and their solidity which are determining elements of their social mission, in particular in the eyes of public authorities and monetary authorities.To modelize the influence of the structure of property of banks and the characteristics of the governance which ensue from it on their financial solidity, on their attitude towards the risk and finally on their capacity to manage and to overcome the “subprime mortgage crisis”, we built a database including 63 cooperative and plc European banking groups. We collected for each of these groups performance indicators of accounting and financial management, then of risk management. We proceeded to a classification of the cooperative banking groups according to their degree of hybridization. We turned in particular to the methods of the econometrics of the data of panel over the years 2002-2011 to operate our comparative approach. In the end, we show that the behavior of the cooperative groups in times of crisis distinguished itself from that of plc banks; and we show that the degree of hybridization of these groups is far from being neutral
Bucquet, Lederman Véronique. "Paradoxes, cindynique et crise financière: Bâle II, juste valeur et efficience des marchés." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00565869.
Full textCôté, Lucie. "La crise du burnout chez les employées d'une institution financière : élaboration d'un modèle." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9157.
Full textBucquet, Véronique. "Paradoxes, cindynique et crise financière : Bâle ii, juste valeur et efficience des marchés." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE0037.
Full textFor thirty years, there has been a real international willingness to standardize accounting standards and to increase security within the banking and financial system. The IASB and the Basel Committee are working together in the same direction, surrounded by controversial issues such as the ‘fair value’. The 2007-2008 financial crisis has intensified the antagonism between the parties. In this thesis, we intend to demonstrate that we lived in a world of paradoxes : the paradox of Goldilocks (Minsky 1992), the paradox of credibility (Borio & Loewe 2002) and the paradox of security. We have become blinded by a cindynique expulsion (Kervern 2008), which has caused much ‘burying of heads in the sand’. We did not want to see the uncominging danger. But the crisis has also given us the opportunity to examine the market efficiency (Fama 1965) in contrast with the behavioural finance (Kahneman & Tversky 1979). Thanks to our new methodological choices we have been able to replace the apprehension of the market and the market itself which has dominated our concerns, by developing contributions and recommendations mainly for the banking community
Flores, Zendejas Juan Huitzilihuilt. "Lorsque le leader suit la foule : la crise Baring dans une perspective microéconomique, 1880-1890." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004IEPP0019.
Full textHajji, Ali. "La finance comportementale à l'épreuve de la crise." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAE011.
Full textThe crisis that started in 2007 have challenged the foundations of the financial system and the financial theory. This theory is based on assumptions of conventional finance including the "invisible hand" and the rationality assumption of investors which builds that of market efficiency.This crisis has highlighted the psychology of financial markets, aspects already addressed by J.M Keynes when he developed the concept of "animal spirits" to reflect the uncertainty of the economy. Until the early 1980s, the understanding of psychology has always been the result of an informal approach.Since, the psychology of financial markets has been formalized by behavioral finance. Throughout its development, its theoricians have questioned the rationality assumption of investors on empirical bases. However, no paramount event such this crisis has struck much the postulates of the dominant mainstream.Consequently, the financial theory is at the crossroads. Is the assumption of rationality of investors valid? If so, what are the conditions of its validity? If not, are we departing from the scope of conventional finance and adopt that of behavioral finance? These are all issues that are calling for an overhaul of the financial theory.The Jury of the prize in economics in memory of Alfred Nobel did not err in fact by awarding the 2013 prize to these two schools. However, academics do not seem to decide between them, recognizing their contributions to financial theory and practice. This award suggests the following central question: are the two schools parallel, complementary or contradictory?The first chapter deals with the questioning of the central assumptions of finance, at the base of the most popular business models. The framework of conventional finance has failed to give an explanation to the formation of the housing bubble nor has it helped to provide a unified solution to the crisis. The inadequacy of the assumptions of the classical framework with reality appears especially in a context of high volatility and heightened uncertainty. This challenge opens the way for the introduction of psychological parameters in understanding the phenomena of the market.Behavioral finance develops the psychology of financial markets. The second chapter covers the central concepts of this trend, in order to answer the central question of this thesis. The analysis of this trend and its historical epistemological and paradigmatic development shows it is opposite and sometimes in addition to the classic one. The fact remains that the theoretical framework of this trend is not yet completed nor the formation of a new dominant paradigm achieved.Among the key findings of behavioral finance, psychological tools provide relevant insights to developments in financial markets. The third chapter addresses the biases and heuristics in light of the crisis. The analysis of the crisis shows that heuristics and emotional biases may have led investors to judgment errors. The attention and analysis has focused on beliefs in an abstruse information and environmental context, allowing the development of heuristics. Consequently, the tools of behavioral finance can develop a mental map to this crisis.Behavioral finance seeks to establish a more sophisticated conceptual framework. The theory of "animal spirits" has regained momentum especially among behaviorists of neo-Keynesian orientation. The return to this concept is explained by the growing importance of certain concepts such as confidence, corruption and the role of stories in the context of this crisis. Moreover, collusion and corrupt system operation almost permanently undermine confidence in the financial economy. This fourth chapter shows that trust and corruption stem from human psychology and show the weight of the latter in situations of uncertainty and the relationship between men and earnings
Idier, Julien. "Intégration financière, Comouvements et Politique Monétaire." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00402439.
Full textDe ce fait, la multiplication des dynamiques de transmission, de plus en plus rapides se présente comme un enjeu majeur pour les décideurs politiques (banques centrales) en termes de modélisation financière pour permettre un suivi de la stabilité du système financier dans son ensemble.
Le premier objectif de cette thèse est d'utiliser plusieurs techniques innovantes de l'économétrie financière (notamment les modèles multifractals) qui permettent de prendre en compte à la fois les dynamiques de long terme entre différents actifs (liées par exemple à l'avènement de la zone euro) sans pour autant négliger les dynamiques de très court terme. Un second objectif est de mettre en évidence l'apport pour les décideurs politiques de l'utilisation des données à haute fréquence. Nous montrons que l'utilisation de ces données permet notamment un éclairage nouveau sur l'évaluation du cadre opérationnel de la Banque Centrale Européenne et de son interaction avec l'ensemble des marchés financiers.
Agbetonyo, Sélom Yaovi. "Les conséquences des annonces de variations des dividendes sur le marché financier français en temps de crise : une analyse comparative par rapport à la crise financière de 2007-2009." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1G032.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the consequences and implications of dividend announcements on French stock market in a context of financial crisis. It consists of four chapters including a first theoretical chapter that draws directions of the three empirical studies we realised. After this chapter, we provide an analysis framework of the impact of the crisis on the dividend policy. The second chapter discusses the impact of the financial crisis on french market reactions following dividend announcements. It tested and validated the hypothesis of a differentiated reaction of investors to dividend announcements based on the economic environment. Furthermore, it highlights asymmetric reactions of investors in times of crisis. The third chapter provides a new explanation for these asymmetric reactions through the ambiguity theory. The hypothesis according to which the nature and the degree of uncertainty of the macroeconomic environment has an impact on the way in which capital market prices react to dividend announcements was tested and validated. The fourth chapter analyses earnings forecast by dividends in times of crisis, according to the signaling theory. Our findings generally support the signaling and ambiguity theories. But, although the crisis affected the French market reactions to dividend announcements, it has no impact on the significant relationship between dividends changes and future earnings variations
Ondo, Ndong Sonia. "Essais sur les réformes de la régulation bancaire : quelques leçons de la crise financière." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100124/document.
Full textIt is crucial to reinforce macro-prudential regulation to reduce the systemic impact of the next financial crisis. In this thesis, we propose four trails to strengthen the robustness of the macro-prudential framework: i) to detect the decisions which have the most significant impact on banks’ risk and, on their exposure to financial crises; ii) to use an indicator of global aggregated leverage to detect credit deviation; iii) to introduce a kind of Prompt Corrective Action in Europe relying on a composite threshold which is made of information about capital and liquidity risk; iiii) to find the best way to reduce moral hazard risk associated to systemically important financial institutions. Our findings are the following: 1) the combination of an excessive leverage and the high use of market short term funding is the core criteria to identify vulnerable banks; 2) the global aggregated leverage ratio we have constructed has a high predictive power and therefore, can be used to detect financial crises; 3) information about banks’ liquidity risk seems to be a useful complement to capital adequacy ratios to detect vulnerable banks and, trigger supervisory intervention for the European Prompt Corrective Action; 4) solutions which aim to reduce banks’ complexity to facilitate the resolution of systemically important financial institutions seems to be the most relevant to reduce moral hazard risk
Nehme, el Amar Eliane. "Libéralisation financière et fragilisation bancaire dans les pays émergents : cas de la crise asiatique." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020035.
Full textKim, Byoung-Il. "Les villes nouvelles de Séoul depuis la crise économique et financière de 1997-1998." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040206.
Full textSeoul urban renewal policy is at the core of urban strategies at the end of 90’s. It is the consequence of a phase of “maturity” in Seoul urban development. Until that time, most of urban projects were controlled by the central Government and deal with new town policy. Today, directelection of local representatives and “already built” cities which give large living choices to inhabitants and the importance of the middle class and upper middle class induce a reevaluation of the urban policy and development. From now on aims deals with Seoul balanced development, north and south part of Han River and especially renewal of the North part, Gangbuk. In this process, Eunpyeong new town in town has a key position because of its size and because it is the symbol of the reconquest of the North. The housing aims are combined with ecological concerns in order to implement new ways of life more appropriate to inhabitants’ wishes. The elected try to forecast these social evolutions but also use these urban renewal programs as a proof of their abilities to reach higher positions
Kazi, Irfan Akbar. "Essais sur la crise financière, la contagion et la transmission de la politique monétaire." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100040.
Full textDepuis les quarante dernières années, toutes les régions du monde ont été traversées par des événements majeurs d’instabilité économique et financière. L’un des traits caractéristiques de ces manifestations est qu’elles ont non seulement eu un impact sur la santé économique financière et sociale de leur pays d’origine, mais aussi sur les économies étrangères. Cette thèse retrace l’évolution de la crise financière mondiale, démontre comment la plupart des pays de l’OCDE ont été affectés par la contagion, et met en lumière le rôle de la politique monétaire dans la propagation de la crise. Elle se compose en six essais. Le premier chapitre s’attache à étudier les corrélations dynamiques entre différents actifs et certaines variables économiques et financières durant la bulle internet de 2000 et la crise financière mondiale. Dans le deuxième essai, nous nous intéressons aux changements de transmission internationale des chocs de politique monétaire américaine. Le troisième essai adopte une approche plus économique. Nous y étudions la synchronisation des cycles, la composante stochastique de la volatilité de l’inflation, du produit et des taux d’intérêts. Dans le 4ème essai, nous abordons l’existence d’un éventuel «shift-contagion» lors de la crise financière mondiale et lors de la crise de la dette souveraine en Europe. Le cinquième essai aborde la dynamique intra-journalière ainsi que la transmission de volatilité entre Allemagne, France, et Royaume-Uni lors de la crise financière mondiale. Enfin le dernier cherche à analyser la volatilité de 12 marchés d’action
Cheng, Jin. "Essai sur la crise de la zone euro." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAB004/document.
Full textIn this Ph. D. thesis, we analyze the conditions for the emergence and the aggravation of the recent crisis in Europe from 2008 to 2012. The major objective of this Ph. D. thesis is to develop theoretical models which will be effective in investigating the twin banking and sovereign debt crises in a monetary union with a broadly similar institutional design to the EMU before 2012. Different from 'traditional' financial crisis models that shed light on the role of the central bank in crisis policy response, the models developed in this thesis investigate and underline the importance of fiscal crisis management. White accentuating financial vulnerability, we explore the relationship between the banking sector, the realeconomy and the public budget in the context of a monetary union. This thesis consists of four theoretical models of the banking crisis, with the first framework depicting the financial crisis which burst in 2008 in small European economies outside the EMU and the next three models elucidating the crisis situation in the Eurozone from early 2009 until August 2012
Ben, Amor Abderaouf. "Essais sur l'évaluation de la prime de risque : Cas de la crise financière des subprimes." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080013/document.
Full textThis thesis aims primarily to explain the enigma of the risk premium by assessing the impact of the recent financial subprime crisis in the United States on the risk premium. Since the systematic risk factor remains the major factor in the risk premium, we used a conditional version of the CAPM to study the impact of the crisis on the conditional beta using econometric specification as the multivariate GARCH ( BEKK) Engel and Kroner (1995). The subprime crisis that started in late 2007 with the collapse of the US housing market, first had an impact on the local financial sector. But it gained momentum, spreading to other major financial centers. Long time, risk aversion was not as high and the bankruptcy of investment bank Lehman Brothers in mid-September, was the organ of the crisis developed. In this work, we based on the French stock market and we tried to detect the impact of the financial crisis on the risk premium sector indices. To do this, we tried to show the effect of the crisis on the systematic risk beta indices. First, we created daily by the beta bivariate GARCH (BEKK) Engel and Kroner on the period from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2014. Then we dropped the beta introducing explanatory variables variance conditional index and the conditional variance of the
Ghani, Shazia. "La crise financière de 2007 : analyse des origines et impacts macroéconomiques sur les économies émergentes : quels sont les leçons et les défis de régulation financière ?" Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00987627.
Full textAbboud, Mouna. "Les politiques d'ajustement budgétaire après la crise financière de 2007-2008 et leurs conséquences macro-économiques." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU2005/document.
Full textThe financial crisis of 2007-2008 had a massive impact on public finances in many countries of the world. It urged the governments to implement recovery plans and to approve financial rescue packages to redress them and that led to a crisis of public debt and public deficits in most developed countries. The aims of our thesis are: firstly, to clarify the fiscal response to the 2007-2008 financial crisis on public debt, deficit and economic growth in seven countries in the euro area and highlight the policies of fiscal adjustment that followed the crisis. Secondly, to e present the main determinants of the fiscal multiplier (which measures the effect of the deficit on economic growth). And analyze this effect in the case of fiscal adjustment by a meta-analysis and meta-regression on the existing values in the literature regarding the size of the multiplier. Thirdly, we study the impact of fiscal adjustment following the financial crisis on economic growth and public debt in France. We realize a causal analysis between the three variables (public debt, economic growth and public deficit) taken two by two for the period 1980-2014. The effect of the crisis is studied taking into account the break point on the curve of each time series and then comparing the two deducted semi-series
Aboulfadl, Mehdi. "La politique monétaire et la stabilité financière." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENE003.
Full textCentral banks practices have gradually adjusted, since the 90s, to the fundamental principles of the New synthesis, and converged towards a normalization that has proved its worth. On one hand, this normalization is based on the doctrine of price stability, under the form of an inflation targeting system. On the other hand, it is supplemented with practices intended to enhance credibility and transparency. In addition, and because of its theoretical coherence, the DSGE representation of the economy adopted by the New Synthesis also emerged as a central analytical framework for monetary policy, particularly suitable for scenario analyzes and for generating forecasts of variables of interest. At the same time, central banks have tried to promote a stable financial environment, through their role as lender of last resort. And thanks to the principle of market efficiency, the use of monetary policy in the face of speculative bubbles has been limited. However, the concept of financial stability has been lacking a consensual definition, leading to a proliferation of methodologies for quantifying risk, preventing crisis and evaluating the financial system. The 2007 crisis has challenged this emerging consensus. First, the onset of the financial turmoil, in an environment of price stability, seemed to invalidate the theoretical principles of monetary policy. Then, the adoption of a series of so-called unconventional monetary policy measures, upon reaching the zero lower bound, exposed the inadequacy of conventional monetary policy instruments, in order to counter the crisis and encourage a sustainable recovery. Finally, the residual treatment of the financial sector in the canonical NK model failed to capture the regularities of the business cycle, the financial vulnerability, the lack of liquidity and the procyclicality of financial systems. Critics of the New synthesis focused on specific assumptions, rather than on the framework itself. Therefore, the relevance of the NK framework still seems appropriate, because of its unique capability of absorbing various theories which may initially seem irreconcilable. Thanks to the introduction of money and the possibility of default, the modeling of an active banking sector helped understand the changes in the shocks transmission mechanism, and enabled the introduction of multiple interest rates. Similarly, the interbank market role has been addressed in order to investigate the erosion of confidence, the drying up of liquidity and the impact on the financing of the economy. Finally, the multiple dimensions of unconventional monetary policies have been incorporated in order to assess their effectiveness, and to identify the transmission mechanisms. However, there is no microeconomically based representation general enough to capture, in a logic and parsimonious way, the majority of the financial characteristics. The crisis has also helped to draw lessons about the financial sector, with regards to its role in terms of increased economic non-linearities, the negative impact of the zero lower bound, and the questioning of the Schwartz hypothesis. By highlighting the links between monetary and macroprudential policies, the crisis has then invalidated the dichotomy principle adopted until now. These new guidelines are, however, not entirely clear. Indeed, the economic recovery management and the impact of austerity measures create new challenges: a stagnation risk similar to the one that hit Japan; a return to highly leveraged maturity transformation practices; and blurry central banks exit strategies
Guittet, Stéphane J. "Reforming financial regulation after the global financial crisis : the case of over-the-counter derivative market regulation." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0058.
Full textIn the aftermath of the global financial crisis of 2007-2010, international policymakers agreed to reform international financial regulation. New areas of financial markets were placed for the first time under the direct oversight of public regulators. However, the financial crisis explains neither the scope nor the sequence of the regulation that followed in its wake. Thus, the question remains: what explains these international financial regulation outcomes after the crisis? This dissertation argues that domestic politics within the United States and the major European Union member states explain the shift and form of that financial regulation. It focuses on over-the-counter credit derivative markets to show that previously unregulated markets were brought under greater supervision when public salience increases in influential states. However, a nation’s unique historical circumstances determine the concrete regulation policy that develops. This research examines the evolution of credit-default swaps regulation in the US under the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and in the EU, with special attention to the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR). With its argument and case study, this dissertation contributes to the study of state preference formation over-time with regard to international financial regulation
Hekimian, Raphaël. "Contagion et intégration financière pendant l’entre-deux guerres : l’exemple de la Bourse de Paris." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100087/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to shed new light on how the Great Depression spread to Europe, and more particularly to France by relying on new historical financial data compiled from original source documents. In particular, we analyze the different transmission channels - stock markets, banking sector and international monetary system - of this crisis, in order to assess the respective role they have played in the impact of this crisis on French financial markets. We contribute empirically to this larger literature by providing evidence based on original historical data hand-collected from the archives of the Paris Stock Exchange.Several important results emerge from our work. Our analysis based on the stock markets shows, first, that the American stock market crash of 1929 had a low impact on the Paris stock exchange. Similarly, the French banking system, as a whole, remained quite resilient to the banking crisis of the beginning of the 1930s, mainly due to its strong specialization of the sector at that time. Finally, we show that the level of financial integration between the United States, France and Belgium - proxied by bilateral relationships between their equity markets - has tended to increase with the adoption by these countries of the Gold Exchange Standard. This high financial integration, coupled with economic policies constrained by the exchange rate regime, could explain how the Great Depression spread to Europe and why the economic crisis lasted longer in countries such as France or Belgium, compared to other major economies
Audige, Henri. "La stabilité financière face au risque de contagion." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100059/document.
Full textLess than a century after the 1929 crisis, the subprime crisis was a turning point in world financial history, differing from previous crises by its intensity and global dimension. In a context of increased interactions between developed and emerging countries, financial stability became a critical issue given rising contagion risks on financial markets. In the first chapter of this thesis, we focus on the regulatory paradigm shift observed in the derivatives markets after the subprime crisis and resulting challenges on the back of a reshaping of the global financial regulation. In the second chapter, we highlight the contagion phenomena observed on debt markets during the euro area sovereign debt crisis, and observe the impact of support programs implemented by the ECB in 2010. Finally, in a third chapter, we examine the impact of U.S. monetary policy on capital flows to bond funds specialized in emerging economies in 2013
Prasetyantoko, Agustinus Ico Tri. "Politique de financement, investissement et crise financière : études empiriques sur les entreprises cotées en bourse en Indonésie." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSF0046.
Full textThis research is devoted to understand the intricate problem revealed by financial collapse in the late 1997 in Indonesia. It is strongly argued that the financing policies of the firms are important source of the macro economic vulnerability. Empirical research is conducted to explain how micro economic behaviour evolved in pre- and post-crisis period by focusing on the relation between corporate borrowing behaviour, financing-constraint and firm-level investment related to currency depreciation. The motivation of the study is to provide micro explanation of the financial crisis to understand the roots of crisis in Indonesia. Financing behaviour conducted by economic agents is regarded as an important ingredient in the recent generation of crisis. There are two principal conclusions based upon findings of the empirical research. First, corporate financial choice would induce the financial fragility. Second, financial choice is an important variable in deteriorating corporate balance sheet or corporate net worth due to currency depreciation, which finally induces the corporate distress probability. Financial liquidity affects financial constraint and then firm-level investment. Financial choice or debt composition is also important in deteriorating firm-level investment due to exchange rate crisis
Mohamed, Cheik Hamidou Issoufa. "Excès de liquidité monétaire, objectif d'inflation et stabilité financière." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1G001/document.
Full textRecent developments in asset prices (stocks, real estate) during the last decade have revived the debate on the origin of some unbalances (bubbles) and their impact on the real economy. Indeed asset prices respond to liquidity glut (the global monetary base growing faster than world production) in a low inflation regime. In this thesis, we try to clarify the relationship between liquidity conditions and prices which may render economies more vulnerable to financial shocks (e.g. as a result of the bursting of asset prices bubble). Thereafter, we examine how monetary policy should respond to this threat by analyzing the implications of the existence of liquidity glut on the "inflation targeting" policy. To deal with liquidity glut and ensure financial stability, should central banks have to consider asset prices in their design of monetary policy?
Samet, Nesrine. "Persistance des performances des hedge funds a l’epreuve de la crise financiere." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020004.
Full textThis dissertation provides a contribution to hedge funds performance analysis in a financialmarket instability context. The objective of this thesis is twofold. The first aim is to examine thedependence structure between alternative measures of absolute performance, highlighting the impactof the database switch and analysis period changing on the leaderboard of hedge funds indexes.In this framework, we propose to compare the performance of five hedge funds indexes extractedfrom three different databases. The analysis is conducted over three periods : a pre-crisis period, acrisis period and an overall period. Our findings show that the performance evaluation and dependancebetween performance indicators are highly sensitive to the analysis period. In addition, wefind that there is no "universal" index that can represent hedge funds universe. The second thesis’spurpose is related to the hedge funds performance stability over three horizons : the short term,the medium term and the long term. Firstly, it appears that hedge funds performance persistence isnot a long term phenomenon. Secondly, the persistence level is highly dependent to the investmentstrategy and to the performance indicator used
Naimi, Abyaneh Ali. "Trois études sur le reporting et la réglementation bancaire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAG005.
Full textThis dissertation consist three distinct essays that study the effectiveness of financial disclosure regulations. The first essay studies the effectiveness of EU regulatory changes aimed to harmonize and enhance EU financial information environment. Unlike literatures that study the adoption of a single regulation, we consider a set of EU regulations that have common objectives. We find that the adoption of these regulation have decreased information asymmetry in financial markets. We also show that the effectiveness of regulatory changes varies across counties. We find that firms that needed the improvement in financial information environment the most benefited the least from implementation of regulations under study. We argue that EU capital market impacts generally attributed to the adoption of IFRS are likely to come from regulatory changes concomitant to IFRS. We then focus on banks and find that EU regulatory changes had a more significant impact on banks than other firms. The second essay studies the effectiveness of fair value accounting in providing more value-relevant information. The value relevance studies have been conducted in four stages. First, we compare the value relevance of assets and liabilities as they are carried in balance sheets and find that assets and liabilities carried at fair value are more value-relevant than those carried at cost. Furthermore, we illustrate that the 2008 financial crisis had no significant impact on the value relevance of FV assets and liabilities. Also high audit quality improves the value relevance of assets carried at FV. Second, we focus on fair value measurement levels and find marked-to-marked fair values to be more value-relevant than marked-to-model fair value assets and high audit quality has a positive impact on value relevance of assets carries at FV levels 1 and 2. Third, we focus on the incremental value relevance of fair values, where we study the value relevance of fair value information over those conveyed by costs data. Finally, we compare the relative value relevance of a full fair value versus full cost accounting. The third essay looks at the risk relevance of fair value accounting. We compare the accounting-based debt ratio with fair values, cost and US GAAP data for explaining market assessments of bank risk. We find that although in overall US GAAP information and cost accounting are more risk relevant than fair values, relative value-relevance of the ratios depends on bank size and general economic condition. During financial crisis and for large banks fair values are more risk-relevant than HC and GAAP. Overall, this dissertation sheds light on the effectiveness of financial regulations regarding information disclosure and the impact of influential factors with an emphasis on banks
Irshad, Saadia. "Triptyque de libéralisation, mondialisation et financiarisation : implications pour la croissance économique, le développement et la stabilité dans les économies en développement et émergentes." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00971812.
Full textGholmieh, Georges. "La dette publique et la crise financière de l'Etat libanais : théorie et pratique de l'endettement public et régime appliqué au Liban (étude de droit financier et économique)." Paris 9, 1991. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1991PA090024.
Full textSmith, Bradley. "La Dialectique du néolibéralisme aux États-Unis : aux origines de « révolution conservatrice » et de la crise financière de 2008." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA143/document.
Full textThis dissertation aims to study the economic, social, political and ideological transformations that have characterized the development of neoliberalism in the United States, from the rise of the conservative movement that brought Ronald Reagan to power in 1980 to the financial crisis of 2008. Neoliberalism can be defined as an ideology that claims the free market and the private sector to be superior to government intervention, as a package of economic policies that aim to liberate market forces from government constraints, and as a mode of governance based on corporate management practices. Although many studies have been published on neoliberalism, each of them tends to focus on a limited dimension of the subject, such as its ideological, political, or international dimension. Given this fragmentation, there is a lack of studies that attempt to understand the specific development of neoliberalism in the United States from a holistic point of view. In order to achieve this goal, Jean-Paul Sartre’s “progressive-regressive” method appears to be an effective approach. While Sartre developed this method as an epistemological tool for the humanities, few researchers have attempted to make use of it. By applying it to the study of American neoliberalism, this dissertation hopes to contribute not only to the knowledge a topical subject, but also to the development of new research methods in the field of civilizational studies
Le, Thi Phuong Mai. "CEO Compensation and Risk-Taking in Banking Industry." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0215/document.
Full textThe 2008 financial crisis was largely caused by excessive risk-taking of banks fromthe U.S. and also from all over the world, which have been in big trouble since then. One ofthe major questions raised by scientists and regulators is the role of executive remunerationmethods in encouraging bank risk-taking. We conduct this research to investigate whether thebanks' executive compensation payment mechanisms induced risk-taking and contributed tothe financial crisis. We analyze separately the impact of each component of CEOcompensation, which include CEO salary, CEO bonus, CEO other annual compensation,percentage of CEO salary, percentage of CEO bonus, percentage of other annualcompensation and equity-based compensation, on risk-taking in the banking sector. We alsotry to identify more specifically the possible responsibility of each remuneration method intriggering the financial crisis and the manifestations of bank risk in the first two years ofcrisis. Different measures of bank risk include total risk, systematic risk, idiosyncratic risk,loan loss provision to total loan ratio, non-performing loan to total loan ratio, distance-todefaultmeasured by Z-score, sharp drop in bank stock price, the change in bank ratings andthe change in CDS during the crisis period. Using a sample of 63 large banks in Europe,Canada and United States from 2004 to 2008 we find that both CEO salary and CEO bonusdecrease with most types of bank risk, CEO other annual compensation increases with bankrisk. These components of CEO compensation are illustrated to have no relationship to thechange of bank risk during the crisis. Regarding the CEO equity-based compensation, we findthat usage of restricted stock to compensate CEO during the pre-crisis period has no effect onany abnormal changes in bank risks during the crisis period, whereas usage of stock option tocompensate CEO in the same period augments the manifestations of bank risk in the crisis
Mazonzika, God’s will Makuikila. "Analyse comparative des frictions financières aux États-Unis et au Canada : une approche DSGE bayésienne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68085.
Full textThis thesis compares financial frictions in the United States and Canada through the DSGE models à la Smets et Wouters (2003) augmented by the financial accelerator à la Bernanke et collab. (1999) which are estimated using Bayesian techniques with data including the period before and after the financial crisis of 2007-2009. Data taking into account the start of the COVID-19 pandemic episode are also integrated into the models for the analysis of impulse response functions. The estimated models give a considerable advantage to models with financial frictions for the United States and Canada in general, but remain inconclusive for Canada when the estimation period preceding the financial crisis of 2007-2009 is considered. In addition, the economic structures estimated for these two countries remain very similar whether or not we consider the presence of financial frictions, but nevertheless suggest certain significant differences. It also emerges that most of the supply shocks seem to have a large impact on the evolution of US macroeconomic variables compared to those of Canada if we consider the estimates made with data including the recent COVID-19 pandemic. According to estimates made with the same previous data, a positive shock to public spending in Canada appears to significantly reduce the perverse effects observed in consumption and investment compared to its US counterpart. In addition, the collapse observed in production in the United States and Canada during the period 2007-2009 would have been caused in large part by a preference shock and a financial shock reflecting a dysfunction of the credit market. For Canada on the other hand, in addition to these two shocks cited, a public expenditure shock would also have contributed to part of the collapse in production even though public expenditure would have increased during this period.
Chercheneff, Lena. "L'influence des standards financiers sur l'architecture du droit international public." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D038.
Full textAmidst the last financial global crisis, the leaders of the G-20 have undertaken a review of the international financial architecture. This political initiative has led to a substantial reform of the international norms applicable to the financial sector. The aim of international financial standards is to harmonize the national regulations by formulating common benchmarks to the professionals and the regulators. These soft law instruments have a universal scope of application and are to be distinguished from the traditional techniques that public international law resorts to in the economic field. Financial standards are the result of an atypical cooperation between a range of both private and public actors operating at different levels, national, international and transnational. They reflect an undisputed evolution of the international public authority which could explain the current interest of the doctrine for this normative phenomenon. ln this line of thoughts, the question is to appreciate the impact of the financial standards on the structure of public international law which is rooted on States. The analysis carries out a comprehensive study of the elaboration and implementation of financial standards, painting out the hegemony of the international regulation as a reconsideration of the classical interstate paradigm
Hamade, Nazem. "La banque centrale du Liban et la politique financière de l'État libanais : essais sur l'interventionnisme économique en temps de crise." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON10033.
Full textThe lebanese crisis adminated in a civil war that started since 1975. Moreover it was the source of other crisis. The economic and the monetary crisis should be viewed in this context. On the other hand and within the same context, the adaptation of the governements econolmic intervention policy worsened. Since then the exchange rate of the lebanese pound has suffered not only because of the political, economic, and monetary crisis but also because of mal adaptation of the governements economic intervention policy as mentionned earlier. Hence, it can be deduced that the governements economic intervention policy is in crisis. The keynesian approch of state intervention followed by the governement since 1975 could not confront the soci-economic problems, butinsteed it was a cause of the suddin drop in the exchange rate of the lebanese pound. The central bank of lebanon which was pressed to follows similar keynesian policies started, commencing in 1982 to impliment some monatary policies, inspite of the crisis and the urgent needs of country which appeared in lebanon. The maladaption of the governement's economic intervention policies which contined to exist made the monetary policy to be inadequate to confront the crisis of this magnitude. Nevertheless, thes monetary policies seem to curry hope, at least, because of the effective intervention instruments
Akiobé, Songolo Michèle Patricia. "La crise des subprimes : vers un meilleur encadrement des risques financiers et juridiques liés à la titrisation des créances." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35857.
Full textSecuritization of receivables is an operation that allows banks to finance themselves on the financial markets at a lower cost and without too much risk. To carry out the operation, the banks sell the loans they have granted to a structure which will then be responsible for placing them with investors. In addition, securitization also allows banks to manage the risks associated with loans. With the advent of this operation, banks are less concerned about the quality and financial capacity of borrowers. Once the loan is granted, they create portfolios of receivables that will be transferred later. Another form of securitization is to transfer only the risk associated with the loans without taking these loans out of the bank's balance sheet: It’s a synthetic securitization. These two forms of securitization, traiditional and synthetic, were used in the United States and contributed to the explosion of the housing bubble that led to a financial crisis in 2008: the subprime crisis. Securitization has, therefore, caused the risk-spreading movement that has followed on the financial markets. The subprimes are variable risk mortgage loans to low-income US households. The rate is low the first years but increases gradually. Securitizing this type of loan is to propagate the risk of non-repayment of borrowers to all the various stakeholders in the chain. And that's what happened: the rates were raised, and the borrowers were not able to ensure the payment of different monthly payments causing a blockage of the entire circuit. Things happened this way because in the markets at that time, the lure of gain prevailed over the respect of almost non existent rules. This thesis proposes solutions for financial market supervision and for securitization operations specifically. Between the law of the market, the rule of law and ethics, the recommendations made in this dissertation are complementary to the actions of the various regulators, national and international.
Salameh, Majd. "L'architecture du système bancaire comme source d'instabilité financière des économies émergentes : une proposition de régulation bancaire." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00986263.
Full textMarkovic, Milos. "Essays on debt crisis and financial development." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E045.
Full textThis doctoral thesis represents an effort aimed to contribute to Early Warning System literature dealing with prediction of sovereign debt crisis and understanding of investment and growth behavior of SMEs inthe setting of the global financial crisis. Chapter 1 deals with debt crises over a sample of emerging economies in pursuit of an efficient and accurate early warning model based on three different datamining techniques. In Chapters 2 and 3 the focus is on the mechanisms behind investment and growth of SMEs in a developing country in the context of GFC. Chapter 2, joint work with Majda Seghir, exploresthe investment behavior of SMEs in Serbia with regard to the availability of internally generated cash flowin the context of GFC. It relates this sensitivity to the level of financial constraints as proxied by variables such as firm’s size, ownership structure, leverage and tangibility of their assets. Finally, Chapter 3, done in collaboration with Michael Stemmer, builds on the idea behind Chapter 2 to investigate the effect of financial constraints on growth of Serbian SMEs using GMM framework. We contrast our results with anadvanced economy by running a comparison with Belgian firms