Journal articles: 'Crisis intervention team'

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Knox, K. S., and A. R. Roberts. "Crisis Intervention and Crisis Team Models in Schools." Children & Schools 27, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cs/27.2.93.

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Tyuse, Sabrina W. "Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Programs and Suicide." Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Mental Health 7, no. 3 (July 28, 2020): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40737-020-00186-5.

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Sullivan-Taylor, Lois. "POLICEMEN AND NURSING STUDENTS: Crisis Intervention Team." Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 23, no. 9 (September 1985): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0279-3695-19850901-08.

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Staite, Emily, Lynne Howey, Clare Anderson, and Paula Maddison. "How well do children in the North East of England function after a crisis: a service evaluation." Mental Health Review Journal 26, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhrj-09-2020-0065.

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Purpose Data shows that there is an increasing number of young people in the UK needing access to mental health services, including crisis teams. This need has been exacerbated by the current global pandemic. There is mixed evidence for the effectiveness of crisis teams in improving adult functioning, and none, to the authors’ knowledge, that empirically examines the functioning of young people following intervention from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) crisis teams in the UK. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to use CAMHS Crisis Team data, from an NHS trust that supports 1.4 million people in the North East of England, to examine a young person's functioning following a crisis. Design/methodology/approach This service evaluation compared functioning, as measured by the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS), pre- and post-treatment for young people accessing the CAMHS Crisis Team between December 2018 and December 2019. Findings There were 109 participants included in the analysis. ORS scores were significantly higher at the end of treatment (t(108) = −4.2046, p < 0.001) with a small effect size (d = −0.36). Sixteen (15%) patients exhibited significant and reliable change (i.e. functioning improved). A further four (4%) patients exhibited no change (i.e. functioning did not deteriorate despite being in crisis). No patients significantly deteriorated in functioning after accessing the crisis service. Practical implications Despite a possibly overly conservative analysis, 15% of patients not only significantly improved functioning but were able to return to a “healthy” level of functioning after a mental health crisis following intervention from a CAMHS Crisis Team. Intervention(s) from a CAMHS Crisis Team are also stabilising as some young people’s functioning did not deteriorate following a mental health crisis. However, improvements also need to be made to increase the number of patients whose functioning did not significantly improve following intervention from a CAMHS Crisis Team. Originality/value This paper evaluates a young person’s functioning following a mental health crisis and intervention from a CAMHS Crisis Team in the North East of England.

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Ellis, Horace A. "Effects of a Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Training Program Upon Police Officers Before and After Crisis Intervention Team Training." Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 28, no. 1 (February 2014): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2013.10.003.

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Punukollu, N. Rao. "Huddersfield (West) crisis intervention team: four years follow-up." Psychiatric Bulletin 15, no. 5 (May 1991): 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.15.5.278.

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The Huddersfield crisis intervention team began crisis intervention work after visiting well-established crisis intervention centres and reviewing the literature. In Huddersfield health district there are four adult psychiatrists, each covering a sector of about 54,000 population. At the time of the establishment of the crisis team, the health district was not sectorised. Since 1 February 1989 the district has been sectorised into four parts and the Huddersfield Crisis Intervention Team covers the Huddersfield West Sector

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Tyuse, Sabrina W. "A Crisis Intervention Team Program: Four-Year Outcomes." Social Work in Mental Health 10, no. 6 (November 2012): 464–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15332985.2012.708017.

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Tully, Tracy, and Melissa Smith. "Officer perceptions of crisis intervention team training effectiveness." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 88, no. 1 (March 2015): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032258x15570558.

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Winter, D. A., H. Shivakumar, R. J. Brown, M. Roitt, W. J. Drysdale, and S. Jones. "Explorations of a Crisis Intervention Service." British Journal of Psychiatry 151, no. 2 (August 1987): 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.151.2.232.

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Descriptive studies of a crisis intervention service replicated previous findings of relationships between staff members' attitudes towards treatment and their ‘personal styles'. The attitudes and personal styles of crisis team members and non-members differed, largely because of differences in the professions making up these groups. While all staff groups shared the same concept of crisis, they differed in their discrimination of crisis cases from ‘furores'. Initial crisis intervention interviews exhibited more confrontation and less exploration by therapists than did initial psychiatric out-patient clinic interviews. Patients referred to the crisis team differed from significant other people in their lives, and from control patients referred to the ordinary out-patient clinic, in aspects of their perception of problems.

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Haigh, Cassidy Blair, Anne Li Kringen, and Jonathan Allen Kringen. "Mental Illness Stigma: Limitations of Crisis Intervention Team Training." Criminal Justice Policy Review 31, no. 1 (October 12, 2018): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403418804871.

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As police departments in the United States strive to improve their capacity to effectively engage individuals with mental illness (IMI), Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training has become increasingly common. Limited empirical work has studied the effectiveness of CIT, and available studies demonstrate split evidence on the effectiveness of the approach. Variation in previous findings may indicate that CIT inadequately addresses key factors that create challenges for officers when engaging IMI, such as mental illness stigma. Survey data collected from 185 officers were analyzed to assess whether mental illness stigma affects officers’ perceptions of preparedness for engaging IMI beyond CIT training itself. Findings suggest that although there are few differences in perceptions of preparedness between officers who have completed CIT training and those who have not completed CIT training, variation in levels of mental illness stigma explain differences in officers’ perceptions of preparedness to engage IMI. Policy recommendations are discussed.

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Hassell, Kimberly D. "The impact of Crisis Intervention Team Training for police." International Journal of Police Science & Management 22, no. 2 (May 26, 2020): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461355720909404.

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Policing persons with mental illness and/or emotional/behavioral issues is complex and difficult. Police interactions and encounters of this nature are expected to increase due to dwindling budgets and the resulting deficiencies of local mental health systems. Police departments are responding to this growing need by requiring officers to attend Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Training. CIT Training is designed to teach officers about mental illness and effective strategies and techniques for engaging and de-escalating potentially volatile interactions and encounters. This study was conducted in a large, Midwestern, municipal police department. The data were triangulated and included: (a) CIT Training pre- and post-tests administered to officers ( N=323) prior to and upon completion of the required 40-hour CIT Training held during the months of October through December 2016 and February through May 2017; (b) participant observation with police patrol officers in three of the seven police districts ( N=127 hours; April 2017 through May 2017); (c) semi-structured interviews with police patrol officers assigned to three of the seven police districts who had completed the CIT Training ( N=32 patrol officers; intensive interviews were conducted during participant observation); (d) in-person semi-structured interviews with service providers/practitioners who interact with officers in the context of their working roles and responsibilities ( N=27; July 2017 through January 2018); and (e) interviews with Urbantown Police Department (UPD) executive command staff, CIT coordinators and UPD telecommunications personnel ( N=10; September 2017 through January 2018). The assessment finds that the CIT Training administered in a large, municipal police department changed officers’ perceptions, as well as their street-level practices with persons with mental illness and/or emotional/behavioral issues. This assessment also finds that police officers are taking fewer persons into custody for involuntary treatment, and are instead transporting more persons for voluntary treatment.

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Lazaro, Fernando, Elena Kulinskaya, and Robert Tobiansky. "Crisis intervention: the professionals' perspective." Psychiatric Bulletin 25, no. 3 (March 2001): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.25.3.95.

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Aims and MethodTo describe the attitudes of the professionals of a multi-disciplinary crisis intervention service (CIS) towards the service they provide. To establish whether there are differences in attitudes between the different professional disciplines involved. A questionnaire was mailed to all the professionals working in the Barnet CIS (n=94). Differences were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis test.ResultsThe overall response rate was 84%. Statistically significant differences were found between the different disciplines in 10 of the 37 questions (27%) on the questionnaire. Opinions differed most on issues of safety and acceptance of clinical responsibility.Clinical ImplicationsDespite general ag reement on most issues, we found differences of opinion in important areas such as arrangements for team safety and clinical responsibility. These differences may create tensions within the multi-disciplinary groups and may influence the attitudes of professionals to crisis work. Measures need to be taken to address these issues in order to improve morale and staff satisfaction.

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Beer, Dominic, Susan Cope, Janet Smith, and Roger Smith. "The crisis team as part of comprehensive local services." Psychiatric Bulletin 19, no. 10 (October 1995): 616–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.19.10.616.

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An attempt to categorise the nature of the work done by an inner city crisis intervention service (CIS) which is part of a comprehensive community mental health service is described. The work of the CIS as it relates to models of crisis intervention recognised in the literature is outlined. The role of this CIS in providing additional intermittent support to individuals receiving long-term community care is commended.

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Buchko, Kathleen J. "Team Consultation Following an Athlete’s Suicide: A Crisis Intervention Model." Sport Psychologist 19, no. 3 (September 2005): 288–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.19.3.288.

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This article presents a three-phase model that can guide sport psychologists assisting in crisis intervention with athletes in the weeks following a major trauma. The model employs a systems theory framework within which therapeutic tasks that facilitate recovery from trauma are offered. The unique role of the sport psychologist in post-traumatic care of athletes is discussed. The model’s utility is illustrated via retrospective application to the author’s work with a team that experienced the suicide of one of its veteran members.

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Ralph, Michael. "The Impact of Crisis Intervention Team Programs: Fostering Collaborative Relationships." Journal of Emergency Nursing 36, no. 1 (January 2010): 60–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2009.10.018.

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Bosco, Alessandro, Justine Schneider, Claudio Di Lorito, Emma Broome, Donna Maria Coleston-Shields, and Martin Orrell. "Involving the Person with Dementia in Crisis Planning: Focus Groups with Crisis Intervention Teams." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (July 28, 2020): 5412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155412.

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Dementia leads to progressive critical situations that can escalate to a crisis episode if not adequately managed. A crisis may also resolve spontaneously, or not resolve after receiving professional support. Because of the intensity of the crisis, the extent to which the person engages in decision making for their own care is often decreased. In UK mental health services, ‘crisis teams’ work to avert the breakdown of support arrangements and to avoid admissions to hospital or long-term care where possible. This study aimed to explore the views of crisis teams about promoting the involvement of the person with dementia in decision-making at all points in the care pathway, here defined as co-production. The staff of crisis teams from three NHS Trusts in the UK were interviewed through focus groups. Data were analysed using framework analysis. Three focus groups were run with 22 staff members. Data clustered around strategies used to promote the active involvement of the person with dementia, and the challenges experienced when delivering the care. Staff members reported that achieving a therapeutic relationship was fundamental to successful co-production. Miscommunication and/or lack of proper contact between the team and the individuals and carers receiving support adversely affected the quality of care. Making service users aware of the support provided by crisis teams before they need this may help promote a positive therapeutic relationship and effective care management.

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Kousteni, Margarita, John Cousins, Ajay Mansingh, Maja Elia, Yumnah Ras, Mercedes Chavarri, Marilia Gougoulaki, and Imo Akande. "Improving quality and assessment of referrals to the Enfield Crisis Resolution and Home Treatment Team (ECRHTT)." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.541.

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AimsTriaging referrals to crisis resolution and home treatment teams is a significant undertaking requiring experienced and dedicated staff. We observed that the volume of inappropriate referrals to ECRHTT was high, and that staff processing these often felt inexperienced or lacking in confidence to discharge them back to the referrers and signpost them to appropriate services.The aims of this quality improvement project (QIP) were: a)to reduce the number of inappropriate referrals received by the teamb)to reduce the number of inappropriate referrals accepted by the teamThis would significantly improve access and flow to the service and facilitate better patient care.MethodA pilot study was first completed of the quality (appropriateness/ inappropriateness) and source of all referrals to ECRHTT in January 2019 (n = 177).Subsequently, the consultant psychiatrist for ECRHTT based himself within the assessment team. He was able to closely monitor the referrals, at the same time as providing medical input to patients at their first point of contact. To evaluate the impact of this intervention, the percentage of inappropriate referrals accepted pre- and post-change was compared by re-auditing all referrals received in February 2019 (n = 175).Further interventions were instigated to improve referral quality. These included continuation of psychiatric medical input to the assessment team, teaching sessions for GPs and the crisis telephone service, and weekly meetings with psychiatric liaison and community mental health teams (CMHTs). Change was measured by reassessing the quality of all referrals made to ECRHTT in February 2020 (n = 215).Result46.9% of inappropriate referrals to ECRHTT were accepted in January 2019 compared to 16.9% in February 2019 following the addition of medical input to the assessment team. The absolute difference was 30% (95% CI: 14%–44%, p < 0.001).71% of referrals from GPs were inappropriate in January 2019 compared to 36% in February 2020 post-intervention (difference 35%, 95% CI: 8.84%–55.4%, p < 0.05). Inappropriate referrals from CMHTs decreased from 55.5% to 12% (difference 43.5%, 95% CI: 9.5%–70.3%, p < 0.05). Overall, the percentage of inappropriate referrals fell from 38% to 27.4%, a difference of 10.6% (95% CI: 1.3%–19.8%, p < 0.05). The percentage of inappropriate referrals from liaison teams did not change significantly.ConclusionThis piece of work shows that better engagement with referral sources significantly improved the quality of referrals made to ECRHTT. Interventions included medical input at the point of referral, teaching sessions for general practitioners as well as ongoing liaison with referring teams.

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Morabito, Melissa S., Amy N. Kerr, Amy Watson, Jeffrey Draine, Victor Ottati, and Beth Angell. "Crisis Intervention Teams and People With Mental Illness." Crime & Delinquency 58, no. 1 (August 26, 2010): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128710372456.

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The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) program was first developed to reduce violence in encounters between the police and people with mental illness as well as provide improved access to mental health services. Although there is overwhelming popular support for this intervention, scant empirical evidence of its effectiveness is available—particularly whether the program can reduce the use of force. This investigation seeks to fill this gap in the literature by exploring the factors that influence use of force in encounters involving people with mental illness and evaluating whether CIT can reduce the likelihood of its use.

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Amadéo, Stéphane, Ngoc Lam Nguyen, Taivini Teai, Patrick Favro, Aurélia Mulet, Nathalie Colin-Fagotin, Moerani Rereao, et al. "Supportive effect of body contact care with ylang ylang aromatherapy and mobile intervention team for suicide prevention: A pilot study." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 9 (September 2020): 030006052094623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520946237.

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Objectives To assess understudied, alternative suicide prevention modalities in a mental health care setting. Methods This was a prospective study of patients (n = 140, 68 cases and 72 controls) who were admitted to hospital or who contacted an SOS suicide crisis line for suicidal ideation or attempts. Psychiatric diagnoses (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview) and intensity of anxiety/depression/suicidality (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation) were assessed. All intervention group subjects received a crisis card with a crisis line number, interviews with psychologists or volunteers and a telephone call on days 10 to 21, then 6 months later. These subjects also had a choice between two further 4-month interventions: body contact care or mobile intervention team visits. Results The interventions significantly reduced the number of suicide attempts and suicide (3%) at 6 months compared with the control condition (12%). There were fewer losses to follow-up in the intervention group (7.35%) than in the control group (9.72%). Conclusions The results favour the implementation of integrated care and maintaining contact in suicide prevention.

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Bratina, Michele P., Kelly M. Carrero, Bitna Kim, and Alida V. Merlo. "Crisis intervention team training: when police encounter persons with mental illness." Police Practice and Research 21, no. 3 (June 19, 2018): 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2018.1484290.

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Watson, Amy C., Michael T. Compton, and Jeffrey N. Draine. "The crisis intervention team (CIT) model: An evidence-based policing practice?" Behavioral Sciences & the Law 35, no. 5-6 (August 30, 2017): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2304.

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Lloyd-Evans, Brynmor, David Osborn, Louise Marston, Danielle Lamb, Gareth Ambler, Rachael Hunter, Oliver Mason, et al. "The CORE service improvement programme for mental health crisis resolution teams: results from a cluster-randomised trial." British Journal of Psychiatry 216, no. 6 (February 14, 2019): 314–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.21.

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BackgroundCrisis resolution teams (CRTs) offer brief, intensive home treatment for people experiencing mental health crisis. CRT implementation is highly variable; positive trial outcomes have not been reproduced in scaled-up CRT care.AimsTo evaluate a 1-year programme to improve CRTs’ model fidelity in a non-masked, cluster-randomised trial (part of the Crisis team Optimisation and RElapse prevention (CORE) research programme, trial registration number: ISRCTN47185233).MethodFifteen CRTs in England received an intervention, informed by the US Implementing Evidence-Based Practice project, involving support from a CRT facilitator, online implementation resources and regular team fidelity reviews. Ten control CRTs received no additional support. The primary outcome was patient satisfaction, measured by the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8), completed by 15 patients per team at CRT discharge (n = 375). Secondary outcomes: CRT model fidelity, continuity of care, staff well-being, in-patient admissions and bed use and CRT readmissions were also evaluated.ResultsAll CRTs were retained in the trial. Median follow-up CSQ-8 score was 28 in each group: the adjusted average in the intervention group was higher than in the control group by 0.97 (95% CI −1.02 to 2.97) but this was not significant (P = 0.34). There were fewer in-patient admissions, lower in-patient bed use and better staff psychological health in intervention teams. Model fidelity rose in most intervention teams and was significantly higher than in control teams at follow-up. There were no significant effects for other outcomes.ConclusionsThe CRT service improvement programme did not achieve its primary aim of improving patient satisfaction. It showed some promise in improving CRT model fidelity and reducing acute in-patient admissions.

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Meister, Tara N. "Juxtapoetics: Aesthetic Uncovering of Racist Logics Within a Crisis Intervention Team Training’s Instructional Arc." Qualitative Inquiry 26, no. 10 (August 17, 2019): 1264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800419868504.

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Through Educational Criticism, I composed narratives and poems around a Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Training for police officers through its intended, enacted, and received curriculum. Within analyzing CIT’s instructional arc, I juxtaposed voices: ideas left solitary were incomplete, simplistic, or, at times, naïve. Thus, I weaved voices and scholarship together or against each other for depth of meaning, nuance, and contestation. Juxtapoetics exposed the complexity of well-intended individuals and localized interventions situated within institutions reifying the White supremacist milieu and disrupted linear rationality and universality of Whiteness.

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R. Blevins, Kristie, Vivian Lord, and Beth Bjerregaard. "Evaluating Crisis Intervention Teams: possible impediments and recommendations." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 37, no. 3 (August 12, 2014): 484–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-08-2012-0083.

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Purpose – Extant literature resoundingly praises Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) programs for the multitude of benefits they provide for law enforcement agencies and individuals with mental illnesses. The majority of CIT research is based on perceived benefits of this approach. Most of the goals of CIT programs are readily amenable to empirical study, yet there are few outcome evaluations of the programs. The purpose of this paper is to examine why empirical studies examining the effectiveness of CIT programs are nominal. Design/methodology/approach – Structural and practical impediments to the collection of empirical data for CIT programs were identified through including examinations of the types of data routinely collected, interviews with CIT participants, and the researchers’ own observations of hindrances to the data collection processes. By triangulating these methods, the authors were able to observe a number of impediments to the collection of empirical data on this topic. Findings – The multi-jurisdictional CIT program under review had several data problems. First, there was a lack of official data concerning CIT calls. Second, it was virtually impossible to follow a person with mental illness throughout the system from first contact to final disposition. Third, data sharing was hindered by a lack of memorandums of understanding. Fourth, important information was not being properly recorded. Originality/value – This manuscript provides recommendations to address data concerns for CIT evaluations. Suggestions are intended to help facilitate more robust data for analysis and evaluation purposes, helping to grow the literature on the effectiveness and efficiency of CIT programs.

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Comartin, Erin B., Leonard Swanson, and Sheryl Kubiak. "Mental Health Crisis Location and Police Transportation Decisions: The Impact of Crisis Intervention Team Training on Crisis Center Utilization." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 35, no. 2 (March 17, 2019): 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986219836595.

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Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) research has shown increases in officer transports of individuals with serious mental illness to emergency departments (ED) which, while more appropriate than incarceration, can be expensive and lack linkage to long-term mental health services. Mental health crisis centers offer a promising alternative, but impact may be limited by proximal distance and lack of officer awareness. To address this concern, this study asked, “Does CIT training affect officer transport decisions to a crisis center over a nearby ED?” Researchers analyzed crisis call reports in a Midwestern county and found increased use of the crisis center and decreased use of EDs by officers after CIT was implemented. The crisis location affected officer transport decisions, yet CIT officers were more likely than non-CIT officers to travel farther for appropriate linkage. Findings suggest CIT changes officer behavior, which could potentially lead to long-term, low-cost treatment for individuals with serious mental illnesses when there is a mental health crisis center.

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Peterson, Jillian, and James Densley. "Is Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training evidence-based practice? A systematic review." Journal of Crime and Justice 41, no. 5 (July 9, 2018): 521–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2018.1484303.

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Skeem, Jennifer, and Lynne Bibeau. "How Does Violence Potential Relate to Crisis Intervention Team Responses to Emergencies?" Psychiatric Services 59, no. 2 (February 2008): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.2008.59.2.201.

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Chopko, Brian A. "Walk in Balance: Training Crisis Intervention Team Police Officers as Compassionate Warriors." Journal of Creativity in Mental Health 6, no. 4 (October 2011): 315–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15401383.2011.630304.

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Gullatt, David E., and Douglas Long. "What Are the Attributes and Duties of the School Crisis Intervention Team?" NASSP Bulletin 80, no. 580 (May 1996): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019263659608058014.

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Teller, Jennifer L. S., Mark R. Munetz, Karen M. Gil, and Christian Ritter. "Crisis Intervention Team Training for Police Officers Responding to Mental Disturbance Calls." Psychiatric Services 57, no. 2 (February 2006): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.57.2.232.

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El-Mallakh, Peggy L., Kranti Kiran, and Rif S. El-Mallakh. "Costs and Savings Associated with Implementation of a Police Crisis Intervention Team." Southern Medical Journal 107, no. 6 (June 2014): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14423/01.smj.0000450721.14787.7d.

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Lord, Vivian B., Beth Bjerregaard, Kristie R. Blevins, and Holly Whisman. "Factors Influencing the Responses of Crisis Intervention Team–Certified Law Enforcement Officers." Police Quarterly 14, no. 4 (October 20, 2011): 388–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098611111423743.

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Research indicates that Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) programs, a police response to citizens with mental illness (consumers), are beneficial; however, much of it is qualitative and limited to assessing the impact of the training CIT officers receive without considering other factors affecting consumer dispositional outcomes. It also is unclear whether the observed benefits persist over time. The purpose of this research is to use empirical data to address some of these unanswered questions, especially as they surround officer behavior. This study found differences between large and small law enforcement agencies and changes in dispositions of consumers over time. Policy and practice implications are discussed.

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Strauss, Gordon, Mark Glenn, Padma Reddi, Irfan Afaq, Anna Podolskaya, Tatyana Rybakova, Osman Saeed, et al. "Psychiatric Disposition of Patients Brought in by Crisis Intervention Team Police Officers." Community Mental Health Journal 41, no. 2 (April 2005): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-005-2658-5.

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Skubby, David, Natalie Bonfine, Meghan Novisky, Mark R. Munetz, and Christian Ritter. "Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Programs in Rural Communities: A Focus Group Study." Community Mental Health Journal 49, no. 6 (July 21, 2012): 756–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-012-9517-y.

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D Booty, Marisa, Rebecca G Williams, and Cassandra K Crifasi. "Evaluation of a Crisis Intervention Team Pilot Program: Results from Baltimore, MD." Community Mental Health Journal 56, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-019-00474-w.

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Bonfine, Natalie, Christian Ritter, and Mark R. Munetz. "Police officer perceptions of the impact of Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) programs." International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 37, no. 4 (July 2014): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2014.02.004.

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Thürmer, J. Lukas, Frank Wieber, and Peter M. Gollwitzer. "Management in times of crisis: Can collective plans prepare teams to make and implement good decisions?" Management Decision 58, no. 10 (October 12, 2020): 2155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2020-1088.

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PurposeCrises such as the Coronavirus pandemic pose extraordinary challenges to the decision making in management teams. Teams need to integrate available information quickly to make informed decisions on the spot and update their decisions as new information becomes available. Moreover, making good decisions is hard as it requires sacrifices for the common good, and finally, implementing the decisions made is not easy as it requires persistence in the face of strong counterproductive social pressures.Design/methodology/approachWe provide a “psychology of action” perspective on making team-based management decisions in crisis by introducing collective implementation intentions (We-if-then plans) as a theory-based intervention tool to improve decision processes. We discuss our program of research on forming and acting on We-if-then plans in ad hoc teams facing challenging situations.FindingsTeams with We-if-then plans consistently made more informed decisions when information was socially or temporally distributed, when decision makers had to make sacrifices for the common good, and when strong social pressures opposed acting on their decisions. Preliminary experimental evidence indicates that assigning simple We-if-then plans had similar positive effects as providing a leader to steer team processes.Originality/valueOur analysis of self-regulated team decisions helps understand and improve how management teams can make and act on good decisions in crises such as the Coronavirus pandemic.

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Daly, Michael P., Michael I. Cleary, and Linda J. McCormack. "The Bundaberg emergency response team." Australian Health Review 36, no. 4 (2012): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah11061.

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A major crisis affected Bundaberg Hospital in 2005 following the exposure of the concerns about Dr Jayant Patel and the subsequent sudden exit of the Hospital Executive. The Bundaberg Emergency Response Team (BERT) was created as an emergency intervention whose brief was, over a 6-week period, to maintain the function of the hospital in the face of the community’s loss of confidence in the service; to find out what had happened to Dr Patel’s patients and to organise appropriate care and treatment for them. The authors acted as the senior members of BERT. Serious events such as these are rare and there was no framework to guide the team. BERT quickly established processes to assess the extent of harm to patients and to mobilise large scale clinical and counselling assistance for patients and staff. The team also managed the local health service, engagement with the community and assistance with the various investigations being conducted into Dr Patel. BERT was considered by the community and the former patients of Dr Patel to be an appropriate and professional response to the situation. The experience provides a framework for responses to these types of situations and herein we discuss key points for successful implementation. What is known about the topic? There is little in the literature that describes a framework used to successfully manage a hospital in crisis after serious public allegations are made. What does this paper add? The paper adds the findings of the management of a rare but very significant event: a hospital going into crisis after serious public allegations are made. It also provides the learnings of the management team in this event, and a framework for the future management of similar crises. What are the implications for practitioners? The framework provided in this paper is unique. Given the need for a rapid response in such events and the rarity of these events, practitioners now have a readily available tool to help them rapidly provide the appropriate response.

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Broome, Emma Elizabeth, Donna Maria Coleston-Shields, Tom Dening, Esme Moniz-Cook, Fiona Poland, Miriam Stanyon, and Martin Orrell. "AQUEDUCT Intervention for Crisis Team Quality and Effectiveness in Dementia: Protocol for a Feasibility Study." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 10 (October 13, 2020): e18971. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18971.

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Background Specialist community teams often support people with dementia who experience crisis. These teams may vary in composition and models of practice, which presents challenges when evaluating their effectiveness. A best practice model for dementia crisis services could be used by teams to improve the quality and effectiveness of the care they deliver. Objective The aim of this study is to examine the feasibility of conducting a large-scale randomized controlled trial comparing the AQUEDUCT (Achieving Quality and Effectiveness in Dementia Using Crisis Teams) Resource Kit intervention to treatment as usual. Methods This is a multisite feasibility study in preparation for a future randomized controlled trial. Up to 54 people with dementia (and their carers) and 40 practitioners will be recruited from 4 geographically widespread teams managing crisis in dementia. Quantitative outcomes will be recorded at baseline and at discharge. This study will also involve a nested health economic substudy and qualitative research to examine participant experiences of the intervention and acceptability of research procedures. Results Ethical approval for this study was granted in July 2019. Participant recruitment began in September 2019, and as of September 2020, all data collection has been completed. Results of this study will establish the acceptability of the intervention, recruitment rates, and will assess the feasibility and appropriateness of the outcome measures in preparation for a large-scale randomized controlled trial. Conclusions There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of crisis intervention teams for older people with dementia. This is the first study to test the feasibility of an evidence-based best practice model for teams managing crisis in dementia. The results of this study will assist in the planning and delivery of a large-scale randomized controlled trial. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18971

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Khalsa, Hari-Mandir K., Attila C. Denes, Diane M. Pasini-Hill, Jeffrey C. Santelli, and Ross J. Baldessarini. "Specialized Police-Based Mental Health Crisis Response: The First 10 Years of Colorado’s Crisis Intervention Team Implementation." Psychiatric Services 69, no. 2 (February 2018): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201700055.

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Corcoran, Jacqueline, Margaret Stephenson, Derrelyn Perryman, and Shannon Allen. "Perceptions and Utilization of a Police–Social Work Crisis Intervention Approach to Domestic Violence." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 82, no. 4 (August 2001): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.181.

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This study reports survey findings of police officer perceptions and utilization of a domestic violence response team, which involved social workers and trained volunteers providing crisis intervention at the scene of domestic violence crimes. The majority of the 219 police officer respondents perceived the domestic violence response team as helpful. Other feedback provided in the survey was used to expand services and to make them more efficient and effective.

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Compton, Michael T., and Victoria H. Chien. "Factors Related to Knowledge Retention After Crisis Intervention Team Training for Police Officers." Psychiatric Services 59, no. 9 (September 2008): 1049–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.2008.59.9.1049.

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Watson, Amy C. "Research in the Real World: Studying Chicago Police Department’s Crisis Intervention Team Program." Research on Social Work Practice 20, no. 5 (June 11, 2010): 536–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731510374201.

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Gray, Elizabeth. "Brief task-centred casework in a crisis intervention team in a psychiatric setting." Journal of Social Work Practice 3, no. 1 (November 1987): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02650538708413360.

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Silver, Thelma, and Howard Goldstein. "A collaborative model of a county crisis intervention team: The lake county experience." Community Mental Health Journal 28, no. 3 (June 1992): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00756820.

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Crisanti, Annette S., Jennifer A. Earheart, Nils A. Rosenbaum, Matthew Tinney, and Daniel J. Duhigg. "Beyond crisis intervention team (CIT) classroom training: Videoconference continuing education for law enforcement." International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 62 (January 2019): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2018.12.003.

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Rao, MukundG, Karuppiah Jagadheesan, Partha Das, and Vinay Lakra. "Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Patients Attending a Victorian Metropolitan Crisis Intervention Team." World Social Psychiatry 3, no. 1 (2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_66_20.

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Ahn, Eusang, Jooyeong Kim, Sungwoo Moon, Young-hoon Ko, Hanjin Cho, Jong-Hak Park, Ju Hyun Song, Han Na Kim, Ju Yeon Jee, and Ra Young Han. "Effect of a Crisis Intervention Team for suicide attempt patients in an emergency department in Korea." Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine 27, no. 2 (January 9, 2019): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024907918822255.

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Background: South Korea has one of the highest rates of suicide in the world, which poses an immense socioeconomic burden on the healthcare system. Objectives: We hypothesized that the implementation of a Crisis Intervention Team would lead to an improvement in completion rates of suicide prevention counseling programs. Methods: This is a retrospective before-and-after analysis, and was carried out in the emergency department in the city of Ansan, South Korea. The Crisis Intervention Team, funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, counsels suicide attempt patients with the ultimate goal of assuring proper administration of mental healthcare from community suicide support programs. Data on suicide attempt patients were collected using medical records. The primary outcome was defined as completion of the 8-week follow-up period for suicide attempt patients with the community suicide support programs. Results: A total of 246 patients from the pre-intervention period and 296 patients from the post-intervention period were included in the study. The completion rates of the 8-week follow-up period increased significantly after the intervention. During the pre-intervention period, 9 patients (3.7%) who were referred to the community suicide support program completed the 8 weeks of follow-up, whereas in the post-intervention period, 56 patients (18.9%) followed up for 8 weeks or more (p < 0.0001). The secondary outcome, overall linkage rates to community suicide support program, did not change significantly, with a minor increase from 46 (18.7%) to 63 (21.3%) (p = 0.45). Conclusion: The implementation of an in-hospital Crisis Intervention Team dedicated to active and assertive counseling that begins in the emergency department was correlated with significantly increased completion rates of the 8-week follow-up counseling program.

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McGriff, Joanne A., Beth Broussard, Berivan N. Demir Neubert, Nancy J. Thompson, and Michael T. Compton. "Implementing a Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Police Presence in a Large International Airport Setting." Journal of Police Crisis Negotiations 10, no. 1-2 (June 8, 2010): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15332581003756885.

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Tyuse, Sabrina W., Shannon Cooper-Sadlo, and Sarah E. Underwood. "Descriptive study of older adults encountered by crisis intervention team (CIT) law enforcement officers." Journal of Women & Aging 29, no. 4 (August 19, 2016): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2016.1174513.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Crisis intervention team'

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