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Journal articles on the topic "Criteria for certificates"
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Lamont, Scott, Scott Brunero, and Swapnil Sharma. "Application and implications of Mental Health Act 2007 (NSW) certificate use in acute generalist settings." Australian Health Review 40, no. 2 (2016): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15045.
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Objective This retrospective study aimed to explore the appropriate application and implications of Mental Health Act 2007 (NSW) (MHA) certificate use in a metropolitan generalist hospital in New South Wales. Methods A de-identified MHA certificate review was undertaken within acute generalist medical and surgical specialties between June 2012 and May 2013. To assess differences, data were separated into two categories according to whether certificates were completed by psychiatry trainees or generalist medical officers. Analysis of indications for detention was also undertaken and qualitatively matched against legislative criteria. Results A total of 43 MHA certificates were included in the review, which highlighted missing elements in most certificates. Differences were found when professional consensus by the researchers was used to match documentation to legislative criteria. The researchers disagreed with nine of the 16 indications (mental illness/mental disorder) by the generalist medical officers and only one indication by a psychiatry trainee. Six of the certificates appeared to be related to lack of capacity and need for treatment of medical conditions, thus more related to Guardianship Act 1987 (NSW) applications. Conclusion This study highlights inconsistencies in legislative knowledge and requirements between professional groups. Education and training opportunities have been identified to ensure greater consistency in application of the MHA, preservation of patient rights and avoidance of stigma. MHA use in this setting should be exercised with caution and by appropriately trained individuals. What is known about the topic? The MHA and its state and territory counterparts provide for the treatment, care and support of people who have a mental illness and the protection of a person’s rights therein. Despite not being intended for application in generalist facilities, mental health legislation is widely used in generalist facilities and certificates are completed by generalist health professionals with limited training in this area of practice. What does this paper add? This study adds to the limited body of knowledge in relation to MHA detention in acute generalist facilities. Disparate preparation of medical officers in the use of this legislation has been identified, which has potential wider implications for patients beyond immediate care. What are the implications for practitioners? Inadequate attention to correct completion of MHA certificates and associated documentation could potentially invalidate detention, leaving healthcare professionals and institutions open to litigious claims that restrictive or coercive practices subsequent to the certificate’s completion were technically unlawful. Further, detention under the MHA, albeit temporarily, has potential human rights issues attached and wrongful detention could lead to longstanding issues relating to stigma.
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Wulandari, Tafria Wenny, Fitri Eriyanti, and Aldri Frinaldi. "Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Urgensi Akta Nikah." JESS (Journal of Education on Social Science) 3, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jess/vol3-iss2/72.
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This study aims to analyze people's perceptions of the urgency of a marriage certificate in Linggo Sari Baganti District, Pesisir Selatan Regency. This research method is Qualitative Descriptive, with several informants as data sources that are determined based on appropriate criteria through direct observation on the object of research and interviews. Secondary data that supports this research are obtained from the documents available at the object of research. To test the validity of the data used Triangulation Technique. Based on the information from the informants of this study, it can be explained that the public perception of the marriage certificate still considers the marriage certificate as not urgent and not important so that the administrative management is not completed because it considers it not urgent so the community neglects the marriage certificate. The community still perceives the management to be long and complicated, even though after the author compares the data in the field regarding the management procedures, it is not difficult to take care of it. Obstacles in the management of marriage certificates faced by the community are related to customary arrangements and the lack of file requirements submitted to KUA. Efforts made by KUA to deal with these obstacles are like conducting counseling to each village about the importance of marriage certificates. Based on the research above the recommendations that the writer can suggest to the community are expected to be willing to take part in socialization and counseling about marriage registration. So that people can know and understand the importance of marriage certificates. Responsible parties such as KUA, P3N and the government are expected to be able to increase socialization regularly.Keywords: Community Perception, Urgency, Marriage Deed.
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Bhatt, Sureshkumar. "Governance of Protecting Patients." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.364.
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AimsInvoluntary commitment is a legal process through which an individual with symptoms of severe mental illness is court-ordered into inpatient or outpatient treatment. These criteria vary between nations. The goal of this presentation is to compare the governance of protecting patients among different parts of the world.BackgroundUnderstanding the relevance of the judicial committeemen in psychiatry is an essential part of good psychiatric practice. A majority of patients who need inpatient psychiatric treatment fall into one of the following categories: dangerous to self, dangerous to others, or gravely disabled.In the United States, the Parens Patriate doctrine has had great application in the treatment of mentally ill persons, children, and other individuals who are legally incompetent to manage their affairs. The states, which act as parens patriae, can make decisions regarding mental health treatment. State law governs involuntary commitment, and procedures may vary among states.MethodOne of the essential duties of St. Tammany Parish Coroner Office, Louisiana, USA is Mental Health Service, From January 2017 to October 2019, 887 Order of Protective Custody (OPC), 17,838 Physician Emergency Certificates (PEC), and 13096 Coroner Emergency Certificates (CEC) were issued. These certificates allow legal authority to transport a patient to the nearest ER for assessment by physician and mental health providers.ResultPatients with active Physician Certificate are examined by a coroner according to patient's mental history and clinical presentation. Coroner Certificate helps the treatment facilty detail the patient for diagnosis and treatment for fifteen days.ConclusionSt. Tammany Parish Coroner Office is fulfilling its responsibility to provide proper mental health to psychiatric patients. It is necessary for each country/state/parish to have legal structure and provide proper care who are dangerous to self or others, or gravely disabled. The procedures of OPC, PEC, and CEC will be presented.
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Bertoldi, Paolo, Silvia Rezessy, and Diana Ürge-Vorsatz. "Tradable Certificates for Energy Savings: Opportunities, Challenges, and Prospects for Integration with other Market Instruments in the Energy Sector." Energy & Environment 16, no. 6 (November 2005): 959–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830505775221498.
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Policy portfolios that include tradable green certificates have been introduced in several European countries to foster market-driven penetration of renewable energy sources. Another widely analysed type of market-based instrument in the energy sector is the tradable emission allowance. Recently tradable certificates for energy savings as a tool to stimulate energy efficiency investments and deliver energy savings have attracted the attention of policy makers. While such schemes have been introduced in different forms in Italy and the Great Britain and considered in other European countries, there is an ongoing debate over their effectiveness and applicability. The paper describes the concept and main elements of schemes that involve tradable certificates for energy savings (TCES) and how these have been put into practice in Italy and the Great Britain. It then compares TCES schemes with energy taxation and mandatory demand-side management (DSM) programs using a set of four criteria. Integration with green certificates and CO2 emissions trading schemes is examined and some possibilities for practical implementation are outlined.
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Shin, Kyung Rim, Su Kyung Ju, Duk Yoo Jung, Hye Young Kim, Bun Han Kim, and Suk Ja Yang. "The Development of Certificates Criteria and Curriculum in Home Healthcare Nurse Specialist Program." Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 33, no. 3 (2003): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.3.395.
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Jeon, Soon-Hwan. "Creating the Examination Criteria for Inspection Certificates under the International Standard Banking Practice (ISBP) 745." Korea International Trade Research Institute 13, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 265–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.13.3.201706.265.
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Choi, H. W. "A Case-Study on the Certificates Criteria of Child Care Support Apartment in Yokohama, Japan." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 2528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.2528.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the contents and assessment items in the certification criteria for Child Care Support Apartment program in Japan that is implemented mainly by local authorities with a view to provide information that could be used as reference in enhancement of the residential environment. For this purpose, the architectural planning elements for individual residence units and the public spaces of the Child Care Support Apartment Certification programs in effect in Yokohama city were identified and analyzed. It is anticipated that the result of this study would be of contribution to provide a hint in direction for improvement of residential environment with child support programs.
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Sveinsson, Olafur, Tomas Andersson, Sofia Carlsson, and Torbjörn Tomson. "The incidence of SUDEP." Neurology 89, no. 2 (June 7, 2017): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004094.
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Objective:To identify all cases of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) among people in Sweden during 1 year and to determine the SUDEP incidence in relation to age, sex, and psychiatric comorbidity.Methods:We included all individuals with a hospital-based ambulatory care or hospital discharge diagnosis of epilepsy in the Swedish National Patient Registry during 1998–2005 who were alive on January 1, 2008. Deaths during 2008 were identified by linkage to the National Cause of Death Registry. Death certificates, medical charts, and police and autopsy reports were extensively reviewed to identify SUDEP cases.Results:Of 57,775 epilepsy patients alive on January 1, 2008, 1,890 died (3.3%) during 2008. Of these, 99 met the Annegers SUDEP criteria (49 definite, 19 probable, and 31 possible). SUDEP accounted for 5.2% of all deaths and 36% of deaths in the 0–15 years age group. The incidence of definite/probable SUDEP was 1.20/1,000 person-years, and higher in men (1.41) than in women (0.96). All SUDEP cases <16 years were in boys. SUDEP incidence at ages <16, 16–50, and >50 years was 1.11, 1.13, and 1.29, respectively, per 1,000 person-years. The incidence was 5-fold increased among female patients with psychiatric comorbidities compared to those without. Epilepsy was mentioned on the death certificate in only 62 of the 99 (63%) SUDEP cases.Conclusions:Methods relying on death certificates underestimate SUDEP incidence. SUDEP risk has been underestimated especially in boys and in older people regardless of sex. Patients with psychiatric comorbidities, women in particular, are at increased SUDEP risk.
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Hernández-Ramos, José L., Georgios Karopoulos, Dimitris Geneiatakis, Tania Martin, Georgios Kambourakis, and Igor Nai Fovino. "Sharing Pandemic Vaccination Certificates through Blockchain: Case Study and Performance Evaluation." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (August 24, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2427896.
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During 2021, different worldwide initiatives have been established for the development of digital vaccination certificates to alleviate the restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic to vaccinated individuals. Although diverse technologies can be considered for the deployment of such certificates, the use of blockchain has been suggested as a promising approach due to its decentralization and transparency features. However, the proposed solutions often lack realistic experimental evaluation that could help to determine possible practical challenges for the deployment of a blockchain platform for this purpose. To fill this gap, this work introduces a scalable, blockchain-based platform for the secure sharing of COVID-19 or other disease vaccination certificates. As an indicative use case, we emulate a large-scale deployment by considering the countries of the European Union. The platform is evaluated through extensive experiments measuring computing resource usage, network response time, and bandwidth. Based on the results, the proposed scheme shows satisfactory performance across all major evaluation criteria, suggesting that it can set the pace for real implementations. Vis-à-vis the related work, the proposed platform is novel, especially through the prism of a large-scale, full-fledged implementation and its assessment.
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Cole, FL, and EM Slocumb. "Myocardial infarction mortality in the hospital: an exploration of time of death and age." American Journal of Critical Care 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1994.3.1.65.
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BACKGROUND: Death is a common complication from myocardial infarction, although little information exists about the pattern of mortality from myocardial infarction and factors associated with this pattern. OBJECTIVES: To identify the periods of greater-than-expected mortality from myocardial infarction in hospitalized patients and to determine whether an association exists between time of death and age of the patient. METHODS: A convenience sample of 1045 death certificates that met selection criteria was reviewed. Time of death and age were documented as they appeared on the death certificate. Data were analyzed by log-linear analysis. RESULTS: Frequency of mortality was determined to be greater than expected between 6 and 6:59 AM, 9 and 9:59 AM and 7 and 7:59 PM. The interaction between time of death and age was statistically significant. DISCUSSION: The periods of greater-than-expected mortality coincide with periods when nurses are occupied with other functions and also coincide with temporal patterns of physiologic events. CONCLUSIONS: A temporal pattern of mortality from myocardial infarction existed for this study. Age was found to be associated with time of death.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Criteria for certificates"
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Hansson, Joachim. "Ny betygsskala- för elevernas bästa?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-29966.
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This essay is a study of the government bills for a new grading scale in the Swedish schools. There have been many complaints about the current grading scale and the main problem seems to be that teachers are interpreting the criteria for certificates differently. There are two major challenges for Swedish teachers, one is how to interpret the criteria for certificates, the other one is the equality problem , students can not be sure of that two different teachers would give the same grades. The main point of the essay is to try to find out whether the new grading scale will solve this problem. To my help I have made an analysis of the bills of the Swedish government for the new grading scale. I have used two theories in my essay to help me in my analysis; these theories are radical behaviourism and cognitive theory. The conclusions of my analysis are that the new grading scale and the new criteria for certificates will not make the problems with interpretation to disappear. I have also found out that the government in its writings tends to use more of the ideas of the radical behaviourism than before. This leads to a mixture of both behavioural and cognitive thoughts about knowledge in the government bills for a reformed school. This might partly explain the difficulties with constructing more useable criteria for certificates.
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González, Torres Romy, Ureta Fiorella Cristina Mendoza, and Chuquisengo Denisse Angelica Podesta. "Plan de negocio para la construcción del Condominio Residencial Mi Vivienda Verde en la zona oeste del distrito de Ate realizado por la empresa Constructora e Inmobiliaria Acrecer S.A.C." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626716.
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En el presente trabajo de investigación se realiza un Plan de Negocios para la construcción y comercialización de 35 departamentos que conforman un Edificio multifamiliar, distribuidos en (7) pisos, (1) semisótano, (1) azotea y áreas comunes. La obra se ejecutará en un terreno de 575.68 m2 ubicado en la Urbanización Recaudadores del distrito de Ate. El proyecto será construido bajo un concepto que incorpora criterios de sostenibilidad ambiental denominado Mivivienda Verde, el cual forma parte del programa Mi Vivienda y es impulsado por el Estado Peruano.
Actualmente, existe en el mercado una tendencia creciente en el otorgamiento de créditos mediante los programas Mi Vivienda. Los beneficios que generan estos proyectos eco sostenibles como (i) ahorro de hasta el 30% en consumos mensuales de agua y luz, (ii) cuota mensual más baja ya que tiene una tasa preferencial que va desde un 6.99% y un bono que varía entre 3% y 4% del monto de financiamiento (iii) y promoción de la sostenibilidad de recursos en el tiempo, han generado un impulso de las viviendas eco sostenibles y gran expectativa en el sector inmobiliario. El avance ha sido notorio, la gran demanda de las personas por obtener estos beneficios ha impulsado el interés de las constructoras e inmobiliarias para desarrollar este tipo de proyectos y en respuesta a esta tendencia, la empresa constructora inmoboliaria Acrecer ha identificado esta oportunidad de mercado que le permitirá tener mayor velocidad en la venta de los departamentos que conforman el proyecto, generando mayor rentabilidad para la empresa.
Para el desarrollo de esta idea de negocio y lograr la justificación del proyecto, así como la validación del mismo, se emplearon tres fuentes de recolección primaria; entrevistas a expertos (constructoras e inmobiliarias), técnica de sondeo dentro del area de influencia y sondeo en las Ferias inmobiliarias. El levantamiento de la información se aplica en un radio de acción cercano a la localización del proyecto, los alrededores de la Urbanización Recaudadores en el distrito de Ate, asimismo en la feria inmobiliaria ExpoUrbania 2019 llevada a cabo en el Centro Comercial Jockey Plaza en el distrito de Surco, los resultados obtenidos nos lleva a confirmar que nuestro proyecto no solo es deseable, es factible y rentable, dado que, obtenemos validez y se ratifica la viabilidad del proyecto mediante indicadores económicos descritos en los criterios del Valor Actual Neto y la Tasa Interna de Retorno, después de incorporar la tasa de descuento promedio ponderada de las fuentes de financiamiento, que incorpora los riesgos no sólo del proyecto sino también del sector construcción.
Como conclusión, luego de determinar la viabilidad del proyecto inmobiliario, se confirma la existencia de un nicho de mercado en el sector construcción como alternativa de inversión.In the present research work, a Business Plan is made to propose the construction and commercialization of 35 departments that make up a multifamily housing, distributed over 7 floors and social areas. The project will be built under a concept that incorporates environmental sustainability criteria named Mivivienda Verde promoted by the peruvian state in response to the deficit of housing in Lima Metropolitana and the environmental impact as a result of man's actions. The project will be executed on a 575.68 m2 plot located in the Recaudadores Urbanization of the district of Ate. Currently, there is a growing trend in the market in granting credits through the Fund Mivivienda, Techo propio and Mivivienda Verde programs. Mivivienda Verde Fund has shown an increasing demand and dynamism in the real estate sector with 45% of the bonds placed between banks and financiers only at the beginning of 2019. The benefits generated by these eco-sustainable projects such as (i) savings of up to 30% in monthly consumption of water and electricity, (ii) lower monthly payment for credit (iii) and promotion of sustainability criteria by the| proper use of resources over time is part of the dynamism of the sector since the end of 2018 and, in response to this trend, the company Acrecer SAC has identified this market opportunity and offers to its clients the construction of a project of 35 departments under this concept, with high quality finishes in its design and construction and a post-sale service to address your doubts or needs, which makes them the pioneers in the execution of a real estate project under the concept of sustainability in the Recaudadores Urbanization in the district of Ate. For the development of this business idea and achieve the justification of the project, as well as its validation, three sources of data collection were used, described in interviews with experts, surveys to the target public and construction and real estate companies through the sounding technique. The gathering of information is applied within a radius of action of the location of the project, the surroundings of the Recaudadores urbanization in the district of Ate, as well as the ExpoUrbania 2019 real estate fair held at the Jockey Plaza Shopping Center in the district of Surco. The results obtained lead us to confirm that our project is not only desirable, but also feasible and profitable, given that, We obtain validity and the viability of the project is ratified by means of economic indicators described in the Current Value criteria Net and the Internal Rate of Return, after incorporating the weighted average discount rate of the financing sources, which incorporates the risks not only of the project but also of the construction sector. Finally; as a final conclusion, after determining the viability of the real estate project, the existence of a niche market in the construction sector as an investment alternative is confirmed.
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Tencer, Peter. "Porovnanie vybraných certifikačných autorít v Českej republike." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75796.
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This thesis deals with basic principles of electronic signature and functions of certificate authorities, which is complemented with description of legislation environment in Czech Republic. The second part of the thesis includes methodology for comparison of certificate authority's functions in the field of qualified personal certificates. This methodology is afterwards applied for comparison of functions of accredited certificate authorities operating in Czech Republic and for determination of the best authority according to defined criteria and their significance weights.
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James, Kate. "Is it a fair race? : validity of exam accommodations, eligibility criteria, and a new spelling test for the Republic of Ireland." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2017. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c4dfcea7-2b54-4325-abde-80f1e66222ea.
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This collection of five papers explores the validity of exam accommodations in Ireland, in particular the spelling and grammar waiver, an accommodation unique to Ireland. A review of the literature relating to each accommodation is followed by two papers investigating the validity of the spelling and grammar waiver. A spelling and grammar waiver can be granted to a student with a specific learning disability who attains a standard score of 85 or below on a spelling test. Two groups of students were compared- those who had or had not been granted a waiver, Mock exam scripts of both groups were marked both with and without a spelling and grammar waiver by experienced markers. When a spelling and grammar waiver was applied, the scores of both groups significantly increased. The ‘boost’ received by students who had been granted a waiver was not significantly higher than the ‘boost’ received by the other students, suggesting that the spelling and grammar waiver gives an advantage to all who receive it. Examiner markings were re-examined in a follow up study to investigate possible examiner bias. Results found that elements of the marking scheme, which should not have been affected by a spelling and grammar waiver, were marked more leniently when the examiner marked students’ scripts which had a spelling and grammar waiver applied to it. These studies suggest that the spelling and grammar waiver is not a valid accommodation. In the following study, three spelling tests commonly used by teachers to apply for accommodations were compared. Significant differences were found among the scores. Students scoring below the cut off point for a spelling and grammar waiver ranged from 5.8% to 43.8% depending on the test used. These significant differences in scores across the three tests highlighted the need for an Irish normed spelling test. The final paper details the creation and standardisation of a spelling test in the Republic of Ireland. Limitations to each study and areas of further research are addressed. Suggestions to improve the validity of the spelling and grammar waiver by using an alternative marking scheme and teacher training are discussed.
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Molina, Natália Sanchez. "Marketing ambiental e certificações socioambientais: uma análise no contexto do etanol brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-09112010-133900/.
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O aumento da demanda mundial por fontes alternativas de energia tem evidenciado o Brasil como ator relevante no mercado internacional, em função de seu histórico e capacidade produtiva de etanol. Porém, apesar de ser um mercado promissor e de alto interesse, também é um mercado bastante exigente em relação às questões ambientais que englobam seu sistema produtivo. O marketing ambiental se apresenta como uma ferramenta importante para garantir ao mercado consumidor de que essas questões ambientais estão sendo bem geridas. Entretanto, muitos são os questionamentos quanto ao que está sendo comunicado. Entre as principais formas de se aumentar credibilidade do processo de marketing ambiental, apresenta-se a utilização de certificações socioambientais. Assim, esta pesquisa se propôs a analisar as principais iniciativas de certificações socioambientais para o etanol brasileiro à luz do marketing ambiental. Por meio de entrevistas com 14 especialistas envolvidos com a questão do mercado internacional de biocombustíveis, produção de etanol e sustentabilidade, foi possível formar um padrão de análise das certificações, composto pelos: princípios de boas práticas para certificações socioambientais, demandas ambientais do mercado consumidor e critérios ambientais intrínsecos do sistema produtivo de etanol. A partir desse padrão, foram analisadas as principais iniciativas de certificação, que apontaram um melhor desempenho das iniciativas Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels e Better Sugarcane Initiative para dar credibilidade para o processo de marketing ambiental do etanol brasileiro.The increase of global demand for alternative energy sources has made Brazil an important player in the international market, due to its history and ethanol´s production capacity. However, despite being a promising and highly interesting market, it is also a very demanding market in consideration to the environmental issues that include their production system. The environmental marketing presents itself as an important tool to ensure the consumer market that these environmental issues are being well managed. Meanwhile, there are many questions about what is being communicated. Among the main ways for increasing environmental marketing´s process credibility, there is a social environmental certification. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the main social environmental certification initiatives for the Brazilian ethanol through the eyes of environmental marketing. Through interviews with 14 experts involved with the international market for biofuels, ethanol production and sustainability, it was possible to form an analysis\' standard of certifications, formed by: principles of good practices for social environmental certification, environmental demands of the consumer market and environmental criteria intrinsic ethanol production system. According to this standard, we analyzed the main certification initiatives that pointed to a better performance of the Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels initiatives and Better Sugarcane Initiative to provide credibility to the process of environmental marketing of Brazilian ethanol.
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Mtsweni, Dennis Khehla. "The perceptions of municipal water service officials on the Blue Drop programme : the case of Nkangala District Municipality / Dennis Khehla Mtsweni." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8388.
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The Blue Drop Incentive-based Regulation (programme) was introduced in 2008 by the Department of Water Affairs (DWA) with the aim of maintaining and improving drinking water quality in South Africa. The programme is being implemented in order to protect consumers from water services providers who might not act in the interest of the public. For some years the confidence level of the public regarding the quality of drinking water in South Africa has not been at the desired level. The programme involves annual assessment of water services authorities by the DWA. In order for water services authorities to be awarded the Blue Drop status they are required to comply 95% in terms of the criteria used in the assessments. During the first and second years of Blue Drop assessments a number of municipalities chose not to be assessed but quite a few achieved the Blue Drop status nationally. It is against this background that the researcher undertook a study to determine how water services employees in municipalities perceive the Blue Drop programme. To achieve the study objective the mixed method involving quantitative and qualitative methodologies was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with supervisors and management while water treatment works employees completed a survey questionnaire. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis brought to light the following core findings: * The Blue Drop programme has the support of the overwhelming majority of employees who participated in the research. They perceive the programme as an inspiration for improved performance of the water services function in municipalities. * There is a lack of or poor understanding of the water sector legal framework including the Blue Drop assessment criteria by some participating employees. * There is a perceived lack of management and political leadership involvement and support for the water service function.
Although the Blue Drop programme has been reported to be an excellent intervention by nearly all the participants, there are certain aspects that can be improved and are dealt with in the last chapter of the mini-dissertation.Thesis (M Development and Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
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Spingies, Conrad. "The "Big E": the English (first language) endorsement on the teacher's bilingualism certificate: an investigation into the background to and origin of this requirement, an evaluation of past and current examining practices and standards and criteria, a needs assessment, and suggestions and recommendations for sound practice." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003308.
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South African education authorities demand of teachers a high degree of competency in both official languages. In the Cape Province in particular, teachers are not considered eligible for promotion posts unless they possess the so-called Higher Bilingualism Certificate, signifying their command of both official languages at "First Language" level. In view of the fact that the overwhelming majority of schools nowadays are single-medium institutions; this requirement may strike the objective observer as an anomaly. An attempt was made, therefore, first of all to investigate the historical background to this requirement. The "language question", a problematic feature of South African education since the beginning of the nineteenth.century, was not resolved when legislators chose "bilingualism and language equality" for the Union of South Africa in 1910. The available evidence suggests, however, that bilingualism was actively pursued as an educational ideal at least until the end of the 1940s, and for this reason education authorities placed a high premium on teachers who were "fully bilingual". Nowadays the typical (White) school is a single-medium institution where the second language is rarely if ever heard outside the classroom where it is taught as a subject. The present policy, to demand a high degree of proficiency in both official languages of teachers occupying promotion posts at such a school, may then be described not only as an anomaly, but as an anachronism. A further problem is the fact that the various educational institutions (specifically teachers' colleges and universities) that set examinations leading to the Higher Bilingualism Certificate rarely communicate with one another, and are therefore unable to agree on uniform standards and criteria, or to ensure that such standards are maintained. That this is indeed the case, was confirmed by examination of "Big E" test papers set at three teachers' colleges, two Colleges for Continued Training, and four universities in the Cape Province. In an attempt to establish what assistance and support might be needed by a "second language" user of English in order for him to improve to the point where he resembled a "first language" user of English in his "terminal language behaviour", a comparison (by means of error analysis) of the responses of two groups (an Ll and an L2 group) to the same test paper was undertaken. The available evidence suggests that L2 users may need to be helped to acquire a more extensive vocabulary, but, above all, that they need to improve their ability to handle two crucially important aspects of usage: idiom and grammar. The final chapter attempts to establish pedagogic and linguistic bases for a course intended for "Big E" candidates, and makes recommendations with regard to (i) the content and the form of the course, and (ii) sound examination practice. The concluding thoughts offer the view that such a course could remain useful even in a future South Africa where the emphasis may shift from a demand for teachers who are "fully bilingual" to teachers who have a good command of English.
Books on the topic "Criteria for certificates"
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FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION. Designated airworthiness representatives qualification criteria, selection, and appointment procedures. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 1985.
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FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION. Designated airworthiness representatives qualification criteria, selection, and appointment procedures. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 1985.
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Walton, Anne. The development of the current NEC YTS programme to meet recent changes in youth training policy and the national retailing certificates criteria level one and level two. Middlesbrough: Teesside Business School, 1991.
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Science, Department of Education &. General Certificate of Secondary Education: the national criteria: General criteria. London: HMSO, 1985.
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School Examinations and Assessment Council. GCSE General Certificate of Secondary Education: National criteria. London: the Council, 1990.
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Department of Education & Science. General Certificate of Secondary Education: The national criteria. London: H.M.S.O., 1985.
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Department of Education & Science. General Certificate of Secondary Education: The national criteria : business studies. London: H.M.S.O., 1985.
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Science, Department of Education &. General Certificate of Secondary Education: The national criteria : art and design. London: H.M.S.O., 1985.
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Science, Department of Education &. General Certificate of Secondary Education: The national criteria : craft, design and technology. London: H.M.S.O., 1985.
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Massachusetts. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs. Certificate of the Secretary of Environmental Affairs on the Outfall criteria report. Boston: The Office, 1987.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Criteria for certificates"
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Helm, Carsten. "Commentary: Criteria for an Equitable Distribution of Internationally Tradeable Emission Certificates." In Earth System Analysis, 337–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52354-0_15.
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Gumzej, Roman, and Brigita Gajšek. "Introducing Quality of Service Criteria into Supply Chain Management for Excellence." In Technological Solutions for Modern Logistics and Supply Chain Management, 70–85. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2773-4.ch006.
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This article is focused on a sub domain of quality, namely, quality of service. Considering supply chain management, the authors believe that it is important to distinguish between a quality of product (also service) offered by producers and service providers and a quality of service which is achieved between any supplier and customer, not only a consumer, along a supply chain. Quality of product represents producer’s/service provider’s commitment and is subject of various quality certificates issued by inspection authorities. This research examines the quality of service, which is provided by a supplier to its customer along the supply chain, between any pair of chain elements fulfilling this relation, including the common retailer-consumer relation. The authors introduce measurement points into a consumer-centric supply chain model for the defined criteria and defined the method of their monitoring and overall supply chain quality of service evaluation. Finally, the authors assess the envisaged impact of the results of their measurements on supply chain excellence, providing management with an opportunity to identify weak spots.
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Bruhn, Manfred. "Methods for Service Quality Assurance." In Quality Management for IT Services, 45–74. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-889-6.ch003.
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This chapter describes how the four phases of quality management (quality planning, quality control, quality inspection and quality assurance) for service firms should be structured and what individual measures can be employed in the respective phases. Since the QM-system – particularly in the case of the services sector – has to be adapted to a firm’s specific characteristics, the selection of the methods and techniques suited to the specific situation is of particular importance. For this reason, the criteria for evaluating such methods are also outlined. In addition to the classical instruments used for quality management, recently quality awards, national customer satisfaction barometers and certificates have become well established, also sharing the objective of raising quality standards for services. Finally, an overview is given of the techniques and methods used for securing and promoting quality standards which are linked to the phases of the management process – analysis, planning, implementation and audit. This results in the construction of a systematic system for the quality management of services using a ten-step procedure.
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MacKinnon, Teresa. "Open badges: recognising learning through digital micro-credentials." In Innovative language pedagogy report, 57–61. Research-publishing.net, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2021.50.1236.
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What is it? Open badges are a 21st-century solution to the shortcomings of paper certificates in the age of digital, online identity management. These small visual signifiers which carry hard-coded meta-data can be issued by anyone in order to recognise achievement or participation in formal or informal activities. They link back directly to the issuer, the criteria for award, and the evidence. The learner can collect and display their open badges online to reveal their journey and discover new opportunities. Open badges emerged from the Badges for Lifelong Learning Competition in 2011 funded by the MacArthur Foundation and administered by HASTAC in collaboration with the Mozilla Foundation (MacArthur Foundation, 2012). The aim was to provide a “powerful new tool for identifying and validating the rich array of people's skills, knowledge, accomplishments, and competencies […to] inspire new pathways to learning and connect learners to opportunities, resources, and one another” (HASTAC, 2020, n.p.). The open badge infrastructure is based on an open source set of standards which have enabled the ‘baking’ of meta-data within a digital image through the use of an open badge platform. Open badge platforms are free to access, at least initially, offering educators the opportunity to create visual, shareable micro-credentials which recognise a learner’s journey.
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Velasco-Baca, Sara, and Fermín Cruz-Muñoz. "Organizational Analysis of Sustainable Building Certifications in Mexico City." In Design of Cities and Buildings - Sustainability and Resilience in the Built Environment. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95120.
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In 2008, the Sustainable Building Certificate Program was implemented in order to identify and to foster sustainable buildings. The aim of the work is to analyze, since an organizational perspective, the contribution of the users’ “day a day” actions to archive sustainability. The principal variable is the building property actions to obtain the certification and the criteria defined at the Certification Program. The central significance of this work is to define how important is the implementation of strategies to introduce sustainable patterns to the building users in contrast with the facility features. The most interesting finding shows that certification design and punctuation assignation to each criteria influence in sustainable actions. The incorporation of technology devices primes over the sustainable actions by the users of the buildings. This condition represents a practical implication because the sustainable actions pattern presents a challenge to the sustainable vision. People do not assume the sustainability as a change in human actions, but a technological question. So, the central value of this research is to demonstrate the very low importance in the Mexico City certification program and stakeholders in sustainable user’s patterns. The principal limitation the research is many sustainable buildings, certificated by international programs were not includes. This consideration implies future studies, to identify a general tendency of sustainable actions related with the users’ activity.
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Chalil, Diana. "Assessment of Smallholders’ Barriers to Adopt Sustainable Practices." In Cases on the Diffusion and Adoption of Sustainable Development Practices, 439–67. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2842-7.ch016.
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The significant increase in oil palm areas has led to concerns about the sustainability of the associated farming practices. To address these issues, the Roundtable Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) organization formulated principles and criteria (P&C) for sustainable practices for members of the oil palm industry. Initially, only big companies applied for RSPO’s certificate of sustainable product. However, with the growing proportion of smallholders, they are strongly suggested to get involved. Currently, only a few smallholders have obtained the certificate. One possible reason is that the RSPO P&C might be too complicated for smallholders. Using a descriptive and correlation method, this study found that lack of information, cost of adoption and incompability with the stage of farm development, social values and farming conditions, inadequate managerial skills, and profitability explain the barriers for smallholders to adopt the RSPO’s P&C. These barriers need to be addressed in order to improve the adoption of sustainable practices among oil palm smallholders.
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Lassila, Kathy S., and Kris Howell. "A Framework for the Development of an Accredited Web-Based Computer Information Systems Degree." In Virtual Education, 21–33. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-93177-739-1.ch002.
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The Web-based delivery of online IS baccalaureate programs is a recent innovation. While IS researchers have identified a number of key factors related to the effective online delivery of individual courses, little empirical evidence exists to suggest “best practices” in the development and delivery of a complete four-year IS online degree program. This chapter examines and synthesizes IS education criteria from two sources: the Computer Sciences Accreditation Commission, which recently established criteria for accrediting programs in information systems, and the Regional Accrediting Commissions, which issued guidelines for the evaluation of electronically offered degree and certificate programs. The result is a set of guidelines that act as a framework for the development of online baccalaureate programs in computer information systems that addresses both IS and online accreditation requirements.
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Halis, Mine, Selma Tepret, Zafer Çamlibel, and Muhsin Halis. "Competitiveness in Medical Tourism." In Handbook of Research on Representing Health and Medicine in Modern Media, 239–68. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6825-5.ch017.
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For people who want to be healthy, contemporary developments have made it possible to meet this need from other countries. It is the distinctive feature of medical tourism that those who want to be treated outside their own country for various reasons travel for treatment purposes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the medical tourism potential for Kocaeli. For the research, 15 health facilities, including one public university, two public health facilities, and 12 private health facilities which have deserved Health Tourism Certificate, have been determined in Kocaeli. In addition, officials from the accommodation sector and public bureaucracy who are competent, and decision-makers on medical tourism were interviewed. The medical tourism potential of Kocaeli has been determined in terms of competitiveness criteria by analysing the data collected as a result of the interviews. As a result, even if the government puts emphasis on health tourism in Turkey, it has been observed that there isn't enough competitiveness in public hospitals.
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Reginald, Ajiero Ikenna. "Integrating BIM With BMS in Energy Performance Assessment." In Architecture and Design, 477–505. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7314-2.ch017.
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In recent times, energy performance assessment has gained a legislative imperative in that it constitutes an indispensable criterion for preparing Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs). Accordingly, production of EPC which is heralded by energy audits and simulations using BIM software programs heavily depends on data accuracy. Whereas, there have been several studies on Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Building Management System (BMS) autonomously, peer reviewed literature on both regimes in concert, remain unavailable or perhaps emerging; thus, constituting a gap in the use of BIM for energy analysis. Against this background, a university administrative building with a Gross Floor Area (GFA) of 2353.91m2 has been the object of a comprehensive energy performance assessment. The principal aim being to use data collected from BMS readings to assess the building's energy performance, produce its EPC and highlight energy conservation strategies that will improve the building's productivity without compromising occupants' comfort. This study therefore attempts to put the teeming theoretical efforts on BIM in energy management into a practical perspective.
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Reginald, Ajiero Ikenna. "Integrating BIM With BMS in Energy Performance Assessment." In Smart Cities and Smart Spaces, 1092–119. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7030-1.ch050.
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In recent times, energy performance assessment has gained a legislative imperative in that it constitutes an indispensable criterion for preparing Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs). Accordingly, production of EPC which is heralded by energy audits and simulations using BIM software programs heavily depends on data accuracy. Whereas, there have been several studies on Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Building Management System (BMS) autonomously, peer reviewed literature on both regimes in concert, remain unavailable or perhaps emerging; thus, constituting a gap in the use of BIM for energy analysis. Against this background, a university administrative building with a Gross Floor Area (GFA) of 2353.91m2 has been the object of a comprehensive energy performance assessment. The principal aim being to use data collected from BMS readings to assess the building's energy performance, produce its EPC and highlight energy conservation strategies that will improve the building's productivity without compromising occupants' comfort. This study therefore attempts to put the teeming theoretical efforts on BIM in energy management into a practical perspective.
Conference papers on the topic "Criteria for certificates"
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Lindeman, Elena, and Darya Moseeva. "Advanced professional education for library staff: Criteria for program selection and compromises." In The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations. Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-223-4-2020-137-139.
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The quality of programs in library and information activity offered by various advanced professional training centers are discussed along with the issues and vectors of advanced training of the RNPLS&T staff. The RNPLS&T has to choose between expensive courses when new knowledge and skills are guaranteed, and online express courses (fast, easy, cheaply) where no new competences are guaranteed though employees get standard certificates. This trend facilitates establishing more and more online training centers that are just making money due to the demand for standardized certification. The double standards of education programs evaluation influence the quality of knowledge, though documented and certified. The authors argue that the above mentioned educational organizations have to be controlled, the more so, as the libraries are to accomplish their staff appraisal.
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Batarfi, O., and L. Marshall. "Defining criteria for rating an entity's trustworthiness based on its certificate policy." In First International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES'06). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ares.2006.47.
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Baroux, C., M. Detrilleaux, and G. Demazy. "Operational Experience of TN 24 Dual Purpose Spent Fuel Storage Casks at the DOEL Nuclear Power Plants in Belgium." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1217.
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Abstract Spent nuclear fuel has been stored at the DOEL power station in Belgium in dual-purpose metal casks since 1995. The casks were procured from TRANSNUCLEAIRE by SYNATOM to meet the operational demands for on-site dry storage solutions for fuel arising from the four PWR reactors at DOEL. The TN 24 type of cask was chosen and a range of different cask types were developed. The initial requirement was for dual purpose cask to contain fuel from the DOEL units 3 and 4, these having similar fuel types but different lengths, and thus two new members of the TN 24 family were developed; the TN 24 D and TN 24 XL with capacities of 28 and 24 SFA’s. These casks were licensed as B(U) fissile packagings with approval certificates granted by the French and validated by the Belgium competent authorities for the transport configurations. Both cask designs were also analyzed by TRANSNUCLEAIRE in their storage configurations to ensure that the criteria for safe interim storage could be met. Since 1995, a total of 18 TN 24 D and TN 24 XL casks have been loaded with spent fuel assemblies with an average burn-up of 40,000 MWd/tU. SYNATOM subsequently decided to purchase further casks for DOEL 3 and 4 fuels with higher enrichments, higher burn-ups and shorter cooling times. TRANSNUCLEAIRE developed the TN 24 DH and TN 24 XLH casks within the similar envelope size and weight limits. The increase in performance was achieved by an in-depth optimization of each design in terms of radiation shielding, heat transfer and criticality safety. This paper shows how this optimization process was undertaken for the TN 24 DH and TN 24 XLH casks, 16 of which have been ordered by SYNATOM. DOEL 1 and 2 units use much shorter PWR fuel and it was decided to ship the fuel to unit 3 with an internal transfer cask because the handling limitations in the DOEL 1 and 2 pool prohibited the loading of a high capacity dual purpose transport/storage cask. The TN 24 SH cask was subsequently designed for DOEL 1 and 2 PWR fuel with a capacity of 37 assemblies and nine of there casks have been ordered by SYNATOM. The casks are fitted with monitoring devices to detect any change in the performance of the double metal O ring closure system and none of the casks has shown any deterioration in leaktightness. This paper examines the operation experience of loading and storing more than 30 TN 24 dual purpose casks and compares the performance with design expectations.
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Diersch, Rudolf, Robert Gartz, and Konrad Gluschke. "CONSTOR® Transport and Storage Cask for Spent Fuel and for High Active Waste." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1322.
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Abstract The CONSTOR® was developed with special consideration to an economical and effective way of manufacturing by using conventional mechanical engineering technologies and common materials. The main objective of this development was to fabricate these casks in countries not having highly specialized industries for casting or forging of thick-walled casks. Nevertheless, the CONSTOR® concept fulfills both the internationally valid IAEA criteria for transportation and the German criteria for long-term intermediate storage. The basic cask concept has been designed for adaptation to different spent fuel specifications as well as handling conditions in the NPPs. Adaptations have been made for spent fuel from RBMK and VVER reactors, and also for BWR spent fuel and high active waste. So far, 30 CONSTOR® RBMK-1500 original casks have been manufactured and delivered to Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant in Lithuania. Two of these have been succesfully loaded during hot trial tests and placed in storage. The CONSTOR® cask for RBMK fuel has obtained the type B(U)F verification certificate from the Russian authority GAN and the release for manufacturing as a storage cask by the Lithuanian Authority VATESI. Following the successful hot trials, the final storage license from VATESI is expected in the near future. The type B(U)F licensing in the Czech Republic will be finished in 2001.
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Wagner, Olivier, Gilles Thevenet, Jérôme Peultier, Jean-Philippe Roques, and Henri Romazzotti. "Exceptional Fatigue Performances for Umbilical’s Super Duplex Seam Welded Tube Solutions." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23265.
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Since the last five years, an innovative technology for umbilical’s seam welded super duplex stainless steel tubes (grade 2507, UNS S32750) has been developed in order to meet new technical challenges. An extensive program of qualification, based on 4 dimensions covering the full manufacturing range, i.e. internal diameter and wall thickness, has been set. More than 11000 test results demonstrated the efficiency and the stability of the manufacturing process. The results were also confirming the expected properties of the tubes, in term of mechanical characteristics, corrosion resistance and manufacturing tolerances. At the end of this qualification phase, a Type Approval Certificate was delivered by an independent and official certifying authority demonstrating then, the suitability of the product for offshore static applications. The next step was to confirm the fatigue performance of the product to meet the requirements of umbilicals for dynamic applications. This paper describes how a dedicated fatigue test protocol has been jointly defined between a Major O&G player and the tube supplier. This protocol has been built in order to test the 3 dimensions already produced during the first step of the qualification, considering tube samples with and without orbital weld. Fatigue test programs are known to be very sensitive to the test parameters, i.e. temperature, test frequency and dimensional properties of the samples. As a consequence, special attention is paid to the description of the testing methodology, the selection of the acceptance criteria and the definition of the testing parameters. Finally, the results of this program are presented and discussed in order to assess the capability of the product with respect to the defined acceptance criteria.
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Fischer, Raymond W., and Louis M. Pettit. "Noise Control Decision Process for Marine Vessels." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2014-p20.
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There is a price to be paid to achieve compliance with the acoustic requirements imposed by regulatory agencies. Acoustic requirements typically appear in ship specifications as airborne and/or underwater radiated noise limits as the need to preclude hearing loss for crew members and the need to control sound levels experienced by marine mammals receive more recognition. Recent changes and additions to regulatory body requirements addressing compartment airborne noise and underwater radiated noise can be found in IMO Resolution MSC.337(91) Annex 1 and Annex 2 which state that IMO Resolution A.468(XII) “Code on Noise Levels Onboard Ships” shall take effect on 1 July 2014 for all SOLAS compliant vessels. Thus the airborne noise levels in compartments and at on-deck work stations onboard as-built ships seeking a SOLAS certificate will need to be measured, and must demonstrate compliance with noise limits stated in paragraph 4.2 of IMO Resolution A.468(XII). IMO “Guidelines for the Reduction of Underwater Noise from Commercial Shipping to Address Adverse Impacts on Marine Life” dated 7 April 2014 and agencies such as ICES and DNV have established guidance and/or criteria for control of underwater radiated noise from vessels, and these too are now commonly appearing in ship specifications. Specifications referencing such criteria typically require that compliance be demonstrated by at-sea testing of underwater radiated noise. Making the correct decisions during the ship design process will minimize costs for noise control and will provide a positive return on investment. The process of how best to comply with noise limits while minimizing costs through optimization of noise control treatments and design approaches is discussed.
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Cruz de Oliveira, Elcio, and Paula Fernandes de Aguiar. "Evaluation of the Uncertainty in Measurement Versus the Limit of Specification: Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of Compliance." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0302.
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In many cases, the declaration of compliance of a result of measurement is not clear. This is observed when there is a partial superposition of the expanded uncertainty of a quantity with its limit of specification. In these cases, a judgment is required based in pre-established criteria between the client and the supplier. The consequences of an inadequate decision may be disastrous. Either the supplier will have financial losses or it will lose credibility with its client. This work demonstrates how to calculate the probability, for an appropriate confidence level, that the uncertainty associated with the measurement is within the limits that were established in a contract, declaring the compliance or non-compliance relative to the specification, and study two methodologies for helping the claimer to take the decision of compliance or non-compliance, using as example the heat capacity of natural gas, calculated from its gas chromatography. This approach encourages the client/supplier relationship. This occurs because the results are reported to both parts with a probability of compliance instead of a single value. The first methodology is based on the increase in the size of the sample. The second proposal is based in the calibration of the chromatograph against certificate reference materials with more exact and precise uncertainty values.
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Foster, Jack W., and John V. Kauffman. "Generic Issues Program Overview and Update." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48245.
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The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has a Generic Issues Program (GIP) to address Generic Issues (GI). A GI is defined as “a regulatory matter involving the design, construction, operation, or decommissioning of several, or a class of, NRC licensees or certificate holders that is not sufficiently addressed by existing rules, guidance, or programs.” This rather legalistic definition has several practical corollaries: First, a GI must involve safety. Second, the issue must involve at least two plants, or it would be a plant-specific issue rather than a GI. Third, the potential safety question must not be covered by existing regulations and guidance (compliance). Thus, the effect of a GI is to potentially change the body of regulations and associated guidance (e.g., regulatory guides). The GIP was started in 1976, thus it is a relatively mature program. There have been approximately 850 issues processed by the program to date. More importantly, even after 30 years, new GIs continue to be proposed. The entire set of Generic Issues (GIs) is updated annually in NUREG-0933, “A Prioritization of Generic Safety Issues.” GIs tend to involve complex questions of safety and regulation. The efficient and effective means of addressing these issues is very important for regulatory effectiveness. If an issue proves to pose a genuine, significant safety question, then swift, effective, enforceable, and cost-effective action needs to be taken. Conversely, if an issue is of little safety significance, the issue should be dismissed in an expeditious manner, avoiding unnecessary expenditure of resources and regulatory burden or uncertainty. This paper provides an overview of the 5-stage program, from identification through the regulatory assessment stage. The paper also includes a discussion of the program’s seven criteria, sources of proposed GIs, recent improvements, publicly available information, historical performance, and status of current GIs.
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Fabjan, Marija, Bojan Hertl, Metka Kralj, and Jozˇe Rojc. "Improvement of Institutional Radioactive Waste Management via Implementation of Environmental Management System." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16094.
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Management of institutional radioactive waste in Slovenia is one of the main processes in the management system of Agency for Radwaste Management (ARAO). The management system integrates the quality management system ISO 9001 and the environmental management system that was certified according to the standard ISO 14001:2004 in October 2007. The certificate represents a permanent commitment of ARAO to improve the environmental management system and implement environmental planning. Environmental planning includes and maintains environmental objectives and targets in all ARAO’s activities, especially in managing the institutional radioactive waste that can have potential environmental impacts and is considered as a risky activity from the public view point. We defined a general ARAO’s register of environmental aspects with seven main groups of aspects. Each aspect was evaluated according to its impacts with the help of multiple criteria and only the aspects evaluated as significant are dealt with in further environmental planning. Environmental planning was implemented in the process of managing of institutional radioactive waste. Our methodology for evaluating the significance of environmental aspects showed three significant aspects. Appropriate environmental objectives and targets were defined for these aspects in a way that they were measurable, if applicable, consistent with the ARAO’s environmental policy. It was assured that they provided adequate environmental protection measures and protection of human health, compliance with national legal requirements and international directives dealing with radioactive waste management and that the production of radioactive waste was minimized. The environmental planning is carried out annually, and each year we are looking for opportunities to minimize potential environmental impacts of our service. In this paper, ARAO’s experience with environmental planning and the realization of the objectives and targets that have already been achieved, implemented and integrated in the process of managing of institutional radioactive waste are presented. The results and the successful completion of environmental programs contribute to optimization of the management system and the quality of ARAO’s process performance. Implementation of environmental management system according to ISO 14001 increased the satisfaction of producers of institutional radioactive waste management that come from medicine, research and industry. It is also part of confidence building by our stakeholders.
Reports on the topic "Criteria for certificates"
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Dashiell, William H., L. Arnold Johnson, and Lynne S. Rosenthal. Criteria for United States Geological Survey (USGS) recognizing certificate issuing organizations functions and requirements part of United States Geological Survey recognition of Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS) Topological Vector Profile (TVP) certification system. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6126.
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