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1
Good, William K. Other criteria affecting SAGD performance in the Athabasca McMurray Formation. Calgary: Alberta Energy, 1997.
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2
Black, David C. Possible observational criteria for distinguishing brown dwarfs from planets. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.
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3
Kavanaugh, Michael C. Cyanide formation and fate in complex effluents and its relation to water quality criteria. Alexandria, VA: Water Environment Research Foundation, 2003.
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4
Hvostova, Irina, Aleksey Makarov, and Aleksandr Larin. Non-financial factors in the formation of the company's financial policy: composition, structure, relationships. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1080130.
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When implementing the financial policy of the Corporation, the object of attention of owners and managers is increasingly becoming non-financial indicators of the development of modern companies, such as corporate governance characteristics, socio-economic and environmental indicators. Without denying the need to calculate and analyze financial and economic criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of financial policy, the authors of the monograph describe and systematize the composition and structure of non-financial factors of financial policy, based on the theory of Agency relations and the concept of sustainable development. Along with the theoretical analysis of non-financial factors of financial policy formation, the monograph presents the results of their empirical analysis for emerging markets, as well as an empirical analysis of trends in the use of non-financial indicators in modern corporate Finance research. It is intended for a wide range of readers, including researchers, practitioners, postgraduates, applicants and students studying in the fields of "Economics", "Management".
5
English National Board for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting. Project 2000: A new preparation for practice : guidelines and criteria for course development and the formation of collaborative links between approved training institutions within the National Health Service and centres of Higher Education. London: English National Board for Nursing Midwifery and Health Visiting, 1989.
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6
Chistyakova, Guzel, Lyudmila Ustyantseva, Irina Remizova, Vladislav Ryumin, and Svetlana Bychkova. CHILDREN WITH EXTREMELY LOW BODY WEIGHT: CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF THE FORMATION OF NEONATAL PATHOLOGY. au: AUS PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/monography_62061e70cc4ed1.46611016.
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The purpose of the monograph, which contains a modern view of the problem of adaptation of
children with extremely low body weight, is to provide a wide range of doctors with basic information
about the clinical picture, functional activity of innate and adaptive immunity, prognostic criteria
of postnatal pathology, based on their own research. The specific features of the immunological
reactivity of premature infants of various gestational ages who have developed bronchopulmonary
dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of newborns (RN) from the moment of birth and after reaching
postconceptional age (37-40 weeks) are described separately. The mechanisms of their implementation
with the participation of factors of innate and adaptive immunity are considered in detail. Methods
for early prediction of BPD and RN with the determination of an integral indicator and an algorithm
for the management of premature infants with a high risk of postnatal complications at the stage
of early rehabilitation are proposed. The information provided makes it possible to personify the
treatment, preventive and rehabilitation measures in premature babies. The monograph is intended for
obstetricians-gynecologists, neonatologists, pediatricians, allergists-immunologists, doctors of other
specialties, residents, students of the system of continuing medical education.
This work was done with financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science, grant of
the President of the Russian Federation No. MK-1140.2020.7.
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Azova, Ol'ga, Elena D'yakova, Zhanna Antipova, and Mariya Vorob'eva. Speech therapy technologies. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1038017.
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The textbook discusses the features of the formation of speech and motor functions in children, as well as their disorders. Technologies of examination of the pronouncing side of speech, lexical and grammatical structure of language and coherent speech, tempo-rhythmic organization of speech and motor functions in children are presented. The methods and techniques of diagnostics, criteria for assessing the violation of the formation of functions are described in detail. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the direction of training 44.03.03 "Special (defectological) education" (bachelor's level). It may be useful for undergraduate students studying in the areas of training 44.03.02 "Psychological and pedagogical education" and 44.03.01 "Pedagogical education" - future primary school teachers. It is recommended for the examination of all components of speech and motor functions in children with various disorders.
8
Crehuet, Angels Borrell i. Conservación de documentos de gran formato: Criterios y recomendaciones básicas. 2nd ed. [Lleida, Spain]: Ayuntamiento de Lleida, 2005.
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9
Learning and Teaching Support Network. Generic Centre., ed. A briefing on key concepts: Formative and summative, criterion and norm-referenced assessment. York: Learning and Teaching Support Network, 2001.
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10
Fotieva, Irina, Tamara Semilet, Elena Lukashevich, and Vladimir Vitvinchuk. Russian journalism today: social mission and professional skills. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1044192.
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This monograph is the search for answers to the questions that confront contemporary Russian journalism social and cultural situation of modernity. The authors analyze the correlation of proper and existing in the implementation of the social mission of journalism, the journalism education system, the use of media technologies, the field of journalistic ethics, language and communicative practices of the public sphere, the social effects produced by the media.
As the main characteristics of the modern state of Russian journalism finds confrontation and the confrontation of philosophical positions and methodological studies; in the field of journalism education — the confrontation of the instrumental-pragmatic and humanitarian paradigms; in the creation of modern media — focus on creativity or technology; tolerance or ethics in media communication; definition of leadership in the formation of public opinion and the ignition of problem areas.
Attempts a comprehensive comprehension of the actual problems of modern Russian media: axiological foundations and the social role of journalism; the criteria of journalistic skills and professional ethics; perspectives of media education, language problems of modern communication and success factors of verbal interaction in the media.
Designed for teachers of University departments and faculties of journalism and other Humanities, students in related disciplines and all interested in data range of issues.
11
Tyukavin, Aleksandr. Fundamentals of pathology. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1242551.
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The textbook reveals the concepts of health and disease, presents modern ideas about the causes and conditions of the occurrence of actual types of pathology. The importance of molecular genetic factors of heredity and reactivity in the formation of typical pathological processes is shown. The main regularities and features of manifestations of organ and system dysfunction in various types of pathology are described. Special attention is paid to the causes and mechanisms of development of socially significant diseases of the heart and blood vessels, brain, respiratory organs and other vital systems of the body. A separate section of the textbook provides up-to-date information on first aid. The criteria of safe conditions for first aid are described; the main clinical manifestations of emergency conditions in accidents, injuries, poisoning and diseases are described. A list of first aid measures for life-threatening conditions is presented.
The cloud service contains a video of the basic algorithm for conducting cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a pharmacy or office.
It is written in accordance with the program of the academic discipline "Fundamentals of Pathology" in the specialty 33.02.01 "Pharmacy" and refers to the educational and methodological publications of the cycle of general professional disciplines for students of pharmaceutical technical schools.
12
Grigoryan, Ekaterina. Integrated quality management system at the enterprises of the military-industrial complex. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1095033.
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In modern conditions, an integrated quality management system (ISMC) that meets the requirements of several international standards and contributes to improving the efficiency of enterprise management, creating conditions for its sustainable development, as well as the competitiveness of the enterprise and its products is becoming more and more popular.
The monograph considers theoretical and methodological approaches to quality management at the enterprise. The relevance of the application of an integrated quality management system, including at the enterprises of the military-industrial complex (MIC), consisting in the most effective management of the enterprise, energy efficiency and resource conservation, is justified.
The assessment of the use of quality management tools at the defense industry enterprises was carried out, the trends in the development of defense industry enterprises were substantiated, a marketing approach was applied to the classification of defense industry enterprises, in particular by market type, which allows identifying potential consumers of enterprises ' products, the degree of production diversification.
Organizational and economic approaches to the formation of an integrated quality management system are presented. The procedure for creating an ISMC is considered. The methodology and criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of ISMC are substantiated.
The presented material is of practical importance and can be useful to specialists in quality management, graduate students, researchers, teachers.
13
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Possible observational criteria for distinguishing brown dwarfs from planets. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.
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14
Goldberg, Sanford C. Core Criteria I. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793670.003.0004.
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Chapter 3 deals with the first issue one faces in the task of articulating the explicit epistemic criteria for belief: the problem of the criterion. It is tempting to suppose that a belief can be normatively proper from the epistemic point of view only if the believer can certify for herself the reliability of every belief-forming process on which she relied. But insisting on this quickly leads to the threat of an infinite regress. This chapter defends a foundationalist response to this problem, according to which we enjoy a default (albeit defeasible) permission to rely on certain cognitive processes in belief-formation. These are processes that satisfy what the author calls the Reliabilist Rationale. Importantly, our permissions here are social: any one of us is permitted to rely on any token process that satisfies this rationale, whether the token process resides in one’s own mind/brain or that of another epistemic subject.
15
Kavanaugh, M. Cyanide Formation And Fate In Complex Effluents And Its Relation To Water Quality Criteria (WERF Report). Water Environment Research Foundation, 2004.
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16
Hickey, M., and Michael Kavanaugh. Cyanide Formation and Fate in Complex Effluents and Its Relation to Water Quality Criteria: Werf Report. IWA Publishing, 2004.
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17
Tjakie, Naudé. Ch.2 Formation and authority of agents, Formation V: Arts 2.1.19–2.1.22—Standard terms, Art.2.1.19. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198702627.003.0036.
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This commentary focuses on Article 2.1.19 of the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (PICC) concerning contracting under standard terms. Art 2.1.19 stipulates that where one party or both parties use standard terms in concluding a contract, the general rules on formation apply, subject to Articles 2.1.20–2.1.22. It spells out three cumulative criteria for provisions to qualify as ‘standard terms’: the terms must be drafted in advance; they must be for general and repeated use by one party; and they must actually be used without negotiation with the other party. This commentary discusses express vs implied incorporation of standard terms as well as special requirements for incorporation of arbitration and jurisdiction clauses.
18
FitzGerald, Oliver, and Dafna Gladman, eds. Oxford Textbook of Psoriatic Arthritis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737582.001.0001.
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Owing to recent advances in the recognition of psoriatic arthritis, its outcomes, its pathogenesis, and the development of several novel therapeutic approaches, it is believed that a comprehensive textbook on psoriatic arthritis was necessary. This book will provide the most up-to-date information in the advances in the field of psoriatic arthritis, its classification criteria, and mechanisms of bone destruction and formation. This chapter provides an overview of the scope of the textbook, the rationale behind writing a volume on this subject, and advice to clinicians.
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Gladman, Dafna, and Oliver Fitzgerald. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737582.003.0001.
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Owing to recent advances in the recognition of psoriatic arthritis, its outcomes, its pathogenesis, and the development of several novel therapeutic approaches, it is believed that a comprehensive textbook on psoriatic arthritis was necessary. This book will provide the most up-to-date information in the advances in the field of psoriatic arthritis, its classification criteria, and mechanisms of bone destruction and formation. This chapter provides an overview of the scope of the textbook, the rationale behind writing a volume on this subject, and advice to clinicians.
20
Shanley, Mary Lyndon. Surrogacy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786429.003.0015.
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The development of assisted-reproductive technologies sharpened perceptions of the differences among three major criteria for parental status—biological (genetics and gestation), volition/intention, and caregiving/functional. This chapter surveys the development of these justifications. It argues that of these, caregiving—and the underlying philosophic framework of the ethics of care—is the most satisfactory grounding of parental status for three reasons: first, it places relationship at the centre of its theoretical and practical concerns; second, caregiving focuses attention on the child; and third, thinking about relationships of care ensures that we consider the impact of social factors, such as race and class, on reproduction and family formation. But despite its strengths, this chapter concludes that caregiving is not fully satisfactory for grounding recognition of a parent–child relationship. It advocates a pluralistic account that regards the relationships established by all three criteria, as significant to both social and legal groundings of parental status.
21
Chen-Wishart, Mindy. Contract Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198806356.001.0001.
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Contract Law offers a new approach, utilising diagrams to complement the text. The book explains the intricacies of contract law and the questions that arise during the life of a contract. Part I of the book explains what contract law is and defines its scope. Part II of the book looks at contract formation: the finding of agreement and meeting the criteria of enforceability. Part III focuses on the position of third parties. Part IV considers the vitiating factors of misrepresentation and non-disclosure, mistake, frustration, duress, undue influence, and unconscionability. Part V analyses the terms of contracts: express, implied, collateral, and examines their interpretation and enforceability. Part VI considers the breach of a contract and the remedies of termination, damages, and specific and agreed remedies. Part VII examines good faith in current contract law.
22
Annesley, Claire, Karen Beckwith, and Susan Franceschet. Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190069018.001.0001.
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Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender explores why men have been more likely than women to be appointed to cabinet, why gendered patterns of appointment vary cross-nationally, and why, over time, women’s inclusion in cabinets has grown significantly. The book is innovative in conceiving of cabinet formation as a gendered process governed by rules that empower and constrain presidents and prime ministers as selectors of cabinet ministers, and rules that prescribe, prohibit, and permit a range of criteria (experiential, affiliational, and representational) that qualify individuals for inclusion in cabinet. Focusing on seven country cases (Australia, Canada, Chile, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States) using three data sets—elite interviews, media data, and autobiographies—the book reveals the complex sets of rules governing cabinet formation in each country and demonstrates their gendered effects. The book shows how different types of rules empower and constrain selectors, and how these rules interact to create different opportunities and obstacles for women’s cabinet inclusion. The findings demonstrate how institutional change emerges from a complex iterative process through which political actors interpret and exploit ambiguity in rules to deviate from past practices of appointing mostly male cabinets. These selectors help to develop new rules about women’s inclusion, which constrain future leaders in assembling their cabinet. The authors coin the term “concrete floor” to capture the process by which minimum levels for women’s cabinet inclusion are established and become locked in over time, explaining how competing rules for cabinet appointments, changing norms, and women’s mobilization in political parties shape outcomes.
23
Lucio, Pusci, and Báthory Zoltán, eds. Ricerca e politica educativa in prospettiva europea: Indicatori e criteri per una comparazione dei sistemi formativi. Roma: Armando, 1992.
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24
Dasgupta, Bhaskar. Polymyalgia rheumatica. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0134.
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This chapter reviews advances in pathogenesis; European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) classification criteria with clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound criteria for classification as polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR); the heterogeneity and overlap between PMR, inflammatory arthritis, and large-vessel vasculitis as illustrated by representative cases; recent guidelines on early and correct recognition, investigations, and management of PMR; the scope of disease-modifying agents; socio-economic impact, outcomes, and patient experience in PMR. It also discusses areas for future research including clinical trials with biological agents and newer steroid formulations, standardized outcome assessments, and the search for better biomarkers in PMR. PMR is one of the common inflammatory rheumatic diseases of older people and represents a frequent indication for long-term glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. It is characterized by abrupt-onset pain and stiffness of the shoulder and pelvic girdle muscles. Its management is subject to wide variations of clinical practice and it is managed in primary or secondary care by general practitioners (GPs), rheumatologists, and non-rheumatologists. The evaluation of PMR can be challenging, as many clinical and laboratory features may also be present in other conditions, including other rheumatological diseases, infection, and neoplasia. PMR is usually diagnosed in the primary care setting, but standard clinical investigations and referral pathways for suspected PMR are unclear. The response to standardized therapy is heterogeneous, and a significant proportion of patients do not respond completely. There is also an overlap with inflammatory arthritis and large-vessel vasculitis for which adjuvant disease-modifying medications are often used. Prolonged corticosteroid therapy is associated with a variety of side effects, especially when high-dose glucocorticoid therapy is employed. Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is also often linked to PMR. It is a vasculitis of large- and medium-sized vessels causing critical ischaemia. GCA is a medical emergency because of the high incidence of neuro-ophthalmic complications. Both conditions are associated with a systemic inflammatory response and constitutional symptoms. The pathogenesis is unclear. The initiating step may be the recognition of an infectious agent by aberrantly activated dendritic cells. The key cell types involved are CD4+ T cells and macrophages giving rise to key cytokines such as interferon-γ (implicated in granuloma formation), PDGF (intimal hyperplasia), and interleukin (IL)-6 (key to the systemic response). The pathogenesis of PMR may be similar to that of GCA, although PMR exhibits less clinical vascular involvement. The mainstay of therapy is corticosteroids, and disease-modifying therapy is currently indicated in relapsing disease.
25
Sieper, Joachim. Ankylosing spondylitis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0113.
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Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) and the spine. It starts normally in the second decade of life and has a slight male predominance. The prevalence is between 0.2 and 0.8% and is strongly dependent on the prevalence of HLA B27 in a given population. For the diagnosis of AS, the presence of radiographic sacroiliitis is mandatory. However, radiographs do not detect active inflammation but only structural bony damage. Most recently new classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) have been developed by the Assessement of Spondylo-Arthritis international Society (ASAS) which cover AS but also the earlier form of non-radiographic axial SpA. MRI has become an important new tool for the detection of subchondral bone marrow inflammation in SIJ and spine and has become increasingly important for an early diagnosis. HLA B27 plays a central role in the pathogenesis but its exact interaction with the immune system has not yet been clarified. Besides pain and stiffness in the axial skeleton patients suffer also from periods of peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, and uveitis. New bone formation as a reaction to inflammation and subsequent ankylosis of the spine determine long-term outcome in a subgroup of patients. Currently only non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blockers have been proven to be effective in the medical treatment of axial SpA, and international ASAS recommendations for the structured management of axial SpA have been published based on these two types of drugs. Conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as methotrexate are not effective.
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Sieper, Joachim. Axial spondyloarthropathies. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0113_update_003.
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Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) and the spine. It starts normally in the second decade of life and has a slight male predominance. The prevalence is between 0.2% and 0.8% and is strongly dependent on the prevalence of HLA-B27 in a given population. AxSpA can be split in patients with radiographic axSpA (also termed ankylosing spondylitis (AS)) and in patients with non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA). For the diagnosis of AS, the presence of radiographic sacroiliitis is mandatory. However, radiographs do not detect active inflammation but only structural bony damage. Most recently new classification criteria for axSpA have been developed by the Assessment of Spondylo-Arthritis International Society (ASAS) which cover AS but also the earlier form of nr-axSpA. MRI has become an important new tool for the detection of subchondral bone marrow inflammation in SIJ and spine and has become increasingly important for an early diagnosis. HLA-B27 plays a central role in the pathogenesis but its exact interaction with the immune system has not yet been clarified. Besides pain and stiffness in the axial skeleton patients suffer also from periods of peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, and uveitis. New bone formation as a reaction to inflammation and subsequent ankylosis of the spine determine long-term outcome in a subgroup of patients. Currently only non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blockers have been proven to be effective in the medical treatment of axial SpA, and international ASAS recommendations for the structured management of axial SpA have been published based on these two types of drugs. Conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as methotrexate are not effective.
27
Delaney, Douglas E. The Last Great Imperial War Effort, 1939–1945. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198704461.003.0007.
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Using the same criteria as that employed to assess imperial interoperability in Chapter 3, this chapter examines how Britain, India, and the dominions raised their armies and worked together during the Second World War. It finds that, in spite of some terrible defeats, such as Singapore and Dieppe, and some difficult personal relationships between generals, the armies of the empire worked quite well together. This owed much to decades of common training, organization, and staff procedures. The ability of the empire’s armies to work together contrasts sharply with the inability of any of them to work smoothly with American formations, as the South Africans discovered in Italy and the Australians discovered in the Pacific. The Americans spoke a different staff language than the one that the armies of the British Empire had learned over the four-plus decades of the imperial army project.
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Ford, J. Kevin, and Ruchi Sinha. Advances in Training Evaluation Research. Edited by Susan Cartwright and Cary L. Cooper. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199234738.003.0013.
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Training evaluation is the systematic collection of descriptive and judgmental information necessary to make effective training decisions. A key characteristic of a systematic approach to training evaluation is an emphasis on the continuous use of feedback. This process, which includes both formative and summative evaluation strategies, can aid in identifying, collecting, and providing information to make a variety of instructional decisions. This article reviews the progress which has been made in evaluation science that has particular relevance to workplace training programs. It first focuses on the implications of the changing nature of work for conducting effective training evaluation. Second, the article describes how the field of training evaluation has progressed in terms of criterion development, measurement issues, and methodology issues. Third, it discusses the key challenges that remain in the field which require additional theory development and research.
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Marcillo Paguay, Carlos Alberto, Carlos Andrés Benavides Cardona, Carolina Guatusmal Gelpud, Sabely Nataly Yandar Erazo, and Juan Vicente Romero. Zona papera Nariñense: Una mirada a los ambientes productivos. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.nbook.7404777.
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Esta cartilla está dirigida a productores, técnicos e interesados en el cultivo de papa, con la intención de presentar los resultados relacionados con la caracterización del sistema productivo de papa en el departamento de Nariño. Se presentan cuatro ambientes o zonas de producción, delimitadas por la homogeneidad de sus características edafoclimáticas, dentro del área de influencia del proyecto. También se presentan las principales propiedades químicas de los suelos en el área productora de papa y un ejercicio de tipo lúdico y formativo que pretende familiarizar a los productores con algunos conceptos importantes relacionados con la fertilidad de los suelos, con el fin de generar criterios iniciales en cuanto a la interpretación de análisis de suelos y la nutrición del cultivo desde un punto de vista cualitativo. Igualmente, pretende aportar al conocimiento de la zona productora de papa de Nariño teniendo en cuenta las múltiples características asociadas al cultivo que se complementan con los demás ejes abordados por el proyecto, lo cual permitirá generar alternativas con enfoque territorial, no solo de tipo técnico, sino también socioeconómico y cultural, asociadas a los productores de papa del departamento.
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Sepúlveda, Jovanny. Universidad creativa: sistematización de experiencias de narrativas en el aula. CUA - Medellin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52441/der201905.
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Hablar de universidad creativa es referirse a una institución de educación superior que sistematiza las experiencias narradas y tiene un enfoque que se configura como un modo propio de presentar los resultados de ejercicios de docentes y estudiantes. En este libro usted encuentra un sensible carácter polifónico del discurso narrativo, un acercamiento complejo que secuencia y privilegia el contexto. Por eso, los criterios que aquí se desarrollan están redefinidos de manera congruente con las premisas teóricas y con el material objeto de estudio (Connelly y Clandinin, 1990). Esta sistematización de experiencias de narrativas en el aula le permite al lector un acercamiento interpretativo a los diversos asuntos desarrollados. Esto, en palabras de Lluis Duch2 , es una posibilidad antropológica del empalabrar la experiencia formativa, en este caso la profesional: se trata de lenguajear las maneras como se nombra el mundo, de nombrar la ubicación lingüística en él. Por eso es que se desarrollan temas en torno a rutas de análisis sobre enseñar a leer y a escribir, un ejercicio propio de la formación de maestros que atienden la infancia. Asimismo, la incidencia de la escritura a la hora de la creatividad en la generación de competencias para ingenieros; también se abordan las construcciones narradas en torno a la cultura, la política y el patrimonio; finalmente, se analiza la relación entre literatura y derecho gracias a que son posibles otras formas de asumir la formación de los profesionales en leyes. Y es que en las posibilidades para el abordaje de lo profesional en nuestros días, hay un alejamiento de las teorías clásicas sobre el tema, en tanto que en esta contemporaneidad es importante la mirada de disposiciones interaccionistas , y las que desde lo estructural4 trabajan la profesionalidad en estrecha relación con el desarrollo de una subjetividad que se pone en evidencia a través de lo biográfico. Este trabajo es precisamente un ejercicio de reconstrucción de la interacción al interior de las aulas de clase de una institución de educación superior, que emerge como una hermenéutica objetiva emanada de los análisis narrativos en torno a sucesos que se presentan en la formación de diferentes profesiones. Estas narrativas son definitivamente una opción para reconstruir un tejido que dota de sentido acciones de aula. Unas narrativas como las que Antonio Bolívar denomina Profesionalización desde abajo, ya que para este tipo de ejercicios resulta interesante observar las diversas maneras en las que se puede comprender que las profesiones se constituyen desde las interacciones cotidianas, y que están determinadas por una diversidad compleja de tensiones, paradojas y sentidos. Ellas están dadas por lo que W. Helsper6 denomina las antinomias del actuar pedagógico que es el vínculo cotidiano entre lo real, lo imaginario y lo simbólico. Es importante reiterar que Profesionalización desde abajo hace referencia entonces al grupo de trabajo representado por los sujetos conscientes de sí mismos y de su instalación histórica como profesionales. En este trabajo se evidencian subjetividades y configuración de formaciones de maestros y estudiantes, en medio de un habitus profesional, lo que tiene que ver con la obtención de una serie de habilidades científicas que les permite instalarse, para decidir y actuar como expertos. En síntesis, tematizar las profesiones, desde el análisis de las características, no es en definitiva una manera adecuada para proceder sobre ese asunto. Por eso, el gran valor de un texto como este es que le permite al lector interpretar la estructura de los problemas de la formación laboral, de manera que esta reconstrucción de lo que sucede en los espacios de formación puestos en narrativas –si se me permite, desde abajo-, permite pensar de otra manera y con amplitud de perspectivas las cuestiones propias de la formación de profesionales como la que exige nuestro tiempo. Hoy la pregunta por quienes atienden la sociedad debe plantearse en otros términos. La discusión científica sobre el trabajo y las labores profesionales ocupa estantes de bibliotecas. Entonces, un libro que reconstruye creativamente la universidad, desde la sistematización de las experiencias de narrativas, ocupa un lugar especial. Con todo lo antedicho, mis mejores deseos de una grata lectura