Academic literature on the topic 'Critical-collaborative-action research'

Youth participatory action research is part of a revolutionary effort in educational research to take inquiry-based knowledge production out of the sole purview of academic institutions and include those who most directly experience the educational contexts that scholars endeavor to understand. Seeking to extend the robust legacy of participatory action research in schools and communities, in this article, we focus on the pedagogical contributions of youth participatory action research collaborations for the teaching of critical qualitative research. We discuss strategies developed and implemented in an after-school youth participatory action research seminar in order to highlight how collaborative educational spaces can contribute to teaching and engaging in critical qualitative research. We also reflect, in our role as educators and researchers, on the possibilities and limitations of teaching qualitative research critically and reflexively, particularly at the intersection of qualitative action research, critical literacies, and youth social action. We conclude with a discussion of the broader implications of collaborative inquiry for the teaching of qualitative research in education and beyond.

This paper reports the reflective journey we undertook as the leaders of a collaborative action research project involving education practitioners and our navigation through a complex web of cooperation, conflict resolution, bargaining and defection. Drawing on these experiences, we seek to make explicit the cocktail of tensions and disordering of research contexts and practices that have remained largely disregarded both in the literature and in everyday self-accounting. By interweaving the plot-lines of ‘game,’ ‘ritual’ and ‘real’ we seek to gain an insight into the rational/irrational behaviour of the various players involved in this ethno-drama, including ourselves. Finally, we posit the claim that educational action research conceived as a ‘critical and (self-critical) collaborative inquiry’ (Zuber-Skerritt, 1996, p.85) has surrendered its democratic values to an all pervading performativity culture and conclude that collaborative action research conducted in the politicised educational contexts of today cannot be true to its ideal.

[English]: This article investigates ways in which collaborative learning in critical mathematics education can promote critical citizenship and democracy to counter neoliberal hegemony in education. Drawing on critical participatory action research in a U.S. high school classroom, the article argues that collaborative learning in critical mathematics education is a coherent alternative to neoliberal approaches to collaborative learning to promote justice based participatory democracy. 
 Keywords: Critical mathematics education, Collaborative learning, Neoliberal pedagogy, Citizenship, Democracy
 [Bahasa]: Artikel ini menyelidiki bagaimana pembelajaran kolaboratif dalam pendidikan matematika kritis dapat mendorong terwujudnya demokrasi dan sikap warga negara yang kritis untuk melawan hegemoni neo-liberal dalam pendidikan. Merujuk pada penelitian tindakan kelas berbasis partisipasi kritis di kelas sekolah menengah atas di Amerika Serikat, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran kolaboratif dalam pendidikan matematika kritis merupakan alternatif yang koheren terhadap pendekatan neo-liberal dalam pembelajaran kolaboratif untuk mendorong partisipasi demokratis berbasis keadilan. 
 Kata kunci: Pendidikan matematika kritis, Pembelajaran kolaboratif, Pedagogi neo-liberal, Kewarganegaraan, Demokrasi

This paper documents a collaborative, multi-site participatory action research project in collaboration with children to act on climate change within local community settings. The project was an after-school program that combined hands-on climate change educational activities with photovoice, a participatory action research method that uses digital photography as the basis for problem identification, group dialogue, and social change action. Grounded in transformative sustainability learning theory and integrated with an arts-based participatory action research methodology, the program was designed to strengthen children’s climate change awareness and sense of agency through youth-led action projects. After describing the program, this article details the collaborative action projects designed and carried out by 10- to 12-year-olds in each community (e.g., policy advocacy, tree-planting, community garden) as well as how the program facilitated children’s constructive climate change engagement through children’s enjoyment and agentic action. The critical importance of participatory process and collaborative action in strengthening children’s sense of agency is discussed.

Youth participatory action research (YPAR) projects offer young people the opportunity to increase their sociocultural awareness, critical thinking abilities, and sense of agency within a collaborative group experience. Thus far, however, such projects have been primarily the province of educators and social psychologists, and not substantively explored as a basis for school counseling interventions. This article suggests the initiation of such exploration within the framework of existing ecological and social justice models for school counseling practice, and presents an overview of a year-long, school-based YPAR project to exemplify this idea.

PurposeThis paper investigates developing a learning-to-learn capability as a critical success factor for sustainable lean transformation.Design/methodology/approachThis research design is guided by our research question: how can suppliers learn to learn as part of a buyer-led collaborative lean transformation? The authors adopt action learning research to generate actionable knowledge from a lean supplier development initiative over a three-year period.FindingsDrawing on emergent insights from the initiative, the authors find that developing a learning-to-learn capability is a core and critical success factor for lean transformation. The authors also find that network action learning has a significant enabling role in buyer-led collaborative lean transformations.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to lean theory and practice by making the distinction between learning about and implementing lean best practices and adopting a learning-to-learn perspective to build organisational capabilities, consistent with lean thinking and practice. Further, the authors contribute to methodology, adopting action learning research to explore learning-to-learn as a critical success factor for sustainable lean transformation.

Abstract
 The problem in the mathematics learning process at SD Negeri Panjang 03 Ambarawa is that Critical Thinking and Collaborative skills are still low and have an impact on the students' learning outcomes that have not been satisfactory. Based on these problems it is necessary to conduct classroom action research conducted in two cycles, each cycle consists of five stages: planning, action implementation, observation, evaluation, and reflection. The purpose of this research is to improve Critical Thinking and Collaborative skill through application of Group Investigation model assisted Magic Ball media. The data collection instrument used questionnaires to measure Critical Thinking and Collaborative and observation sheets to obtain data on learning activities. Data analysis techniques using quantitative and comparative descriptive techniques. The results showed that the improvement of Critical Thinking and Collaborative skills was evident from the increase in total score of learners per cycle. Percentage improvement of Critical Thinking skill by 35% in cycle I. After improved the learning design in cycle II succeeded to increase by 64%. The increase also occurred in Collaborative skill, which is 29% in cycle I and 68% in cycle II. Based on the above description it can be concluded that the application of Group Investigation model assisted Magic Ball media is effective in improving Critical Thinking and Collaborative skills.
 Keyword:
 Group Investigation; Magic Ball; Critical Thinking; Collaborative
 
 Abstrak
 Permasalahan dalam proses pembelajaran matematika di SD Negeri Panjang 03 Ambarawa adalah bahwa keterampilan Critical Thinking dan Collaborative masih rendah dan berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa yang belum memuaskan. Berdasarkan permasalah tersebut maka perlu dilakukan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, evaluasi, dan refleksi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan Critical Thinking dan Collaborative melalui penerapan model Group Investigation berbantuan media Magic Ball. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner untuk mengukur Critical Thinking dan Collaborative dan lembar observasi untuk memperoleh data tentang aktivitas pembelajaran. Tehnik analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif dan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterampilan Critical Thinking dan Collaborative terlihat dari peningkatan total skor peserta didik setiap siklus. Persentase peningkatan keterampilan Critical Thinking sebesar 35% pada siklus I. Setelah diperbaiki rancangan pembelajarannya pada siklus II berhasil meningkat sebesar 64%. Peningkatan juga terjadi pada keterampilan Collaborative, yaitu sebesar 29% pada siklus I dan sebesar 68% pada siklus II. Berdasarkan uraian di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Group Investigation berbantuan media Magic Ball efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan Critical Thinking dan Collaborative.
 Kata Kunci:
 Group Investigation; Magic Ball; Critical Thinking; Collaborative

This article contributes to discussions of a public anthropology by bringing participatory action research (PAR) into dialogue with anthropology. PAR appears uniquely compatible with the goals of critical ethnography. Deeply concerned with global/structural inequality, it is also attentive to the power relations inherent within the research encounter; its point of departure is the kind of collaboration that the new (critical) ethnography proposes. However, despite these obvious affinities, few anthropologists have engaged PAR. At a time when more and more anthropologists are advocating forms of collaborative research practice, I argue that these two approaches to research can offer each other a great deal and that juxtaposing them is productive. Tracing the stages of her own fieldwork in post-Soviet Russia, the author argues that PAR offers the ethnographer a stance, or a framework to affect public anthropological engagement in the field. Further, it offers a means by which we can bring critical anthropological insights to collaborative projects for social change.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Language Education, 2006.<br>Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: A, page: 1257. Adviser: Jerome C. Harste. "Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 14, 2007)."

The National Policies of Education in India have recognized the need for teacher professional development. However, science teachers continue to look for innovative methods to improve teaching. Through collaborative action research with four science teachers at a girls' school in Hyderabad, India, the study explored conditions that enhance or inhibit the implementation of constructivist instructional methods. Data were collected through interviews, reflective memos, research journal, collages and found poetry. The study found that teacher background and experience, teachers' views on science education and the school environment played a role in teacher development. The use of constructivist instructional strategies affected teachers' views on science education. The teachers felt that acknowledging students' preconceptions helped them grasp scientific concepts easily. Also, constructivist methods made teaching more enjoyable and less burdensome. Teacher education institutes should consider creating collaborative networks between teachers and researchers and apply constructivist approaches to teacher education and development.

Este estudo situa-se no campo da Linguística Aplicada, mais precisamente dos Estudos da Linguagem em Aquisição da Segunda Língua (ASL). Trata-se de um trabalho de cunho qualitativo que aborda a cultura e o ensino da leitura em LE numa escola da rede pública estadual de Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, envolvendo professores em pré-serviço – estudantes de letras da UNICRUZ –, uma professora em serviço e uma turma de alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio. A pesquisa-ação colaborativa, metodologia adotada para o estudo, deu-se em razão de considerar esta, como Burns (1999), uma forma alternativa de oportunizar o desenvolvimento e o aperfeiçoamento de professores em serviço e em préserviço. Buscou-se oportunizar condições para que todos os participantes assimilassem e incorporassem uma abordagem de leitura em inglês, tendo a linguagem como um mediador sócio-cultural. Nessa perspectiva, foram desenvolvidas ações cuja finalidade era preparar os professores em pré-serviço (estudantes de letras participantes) para a prática crítico-reflexiva de sala de aula, evidenciando a eles a importância de um ensino que contemple aspectos culturais da língua-alvo. A escolha do tópico cultura justifica-se pela pouca atenção dada a esses aspectos nas aulas de LE, e por acreditar que por meio de procedimentos metodológicos que oportunizem aos aprendizes o raciocínio mais crítico com relação às diferenças culturais entre a LE e a LM, se consiga promover uma melhoria na qualidade do ensino da LE na escola pública. Além disso, buscou-se contribuir com a formação continuada da professora em serviço, bem como desenvolver ou aperfeiçoar o raciocínio crítico dos alunos participantes, objetivando prepará-los para lidarem com diferentes situações frente à LE, como sugere Celani (2009). Os resultados obtidos comprovam mais uma vez a importância da interação através do trabalho colaborativo no contexto da sala de aula. Verificou-se que a ação colaborativa leva à reflexão e, consequentemente, promove melhorias no ensino e aprendizagem da LE, o que pode ser significativo, considerando a carência de ações voltadas ao ensino público da LI no Brasil, sobretudo na escola pública.<br>This study is focused in the field of applied linguistics, more specifically language studies in second language acquisition (SLA). It is a work of qualitative approach that addresses the culture and reading teaching in L2 in a state public school of Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, involving pre-service teachers – language students from UNICRUZ -, a teacher in service and a class of students from third grade of high school. The collaborative action research, methodology adopted for the study, was due to consider this, as Burns (1999), an alternative way to favor the development and improvement of in-service and pre-service teachers. The goal was to offer conditions for all the participants assimilate and incorporate an approach for English reading, with language as a socio-cultural mediator. From this perspective, actions have been developed whose purpose was to prepare teachers in preservice (language students participants) to critical and reflective practice in the classroom, showing them the importance of an education that addresses the cultural aspects of the target language. The choice of the topic culture is justified by the low attention given to these aspects in L2 classroom, and for believing that by means of methodological procedures, which enables learners to more critical thinking in relation to cultural differences between the L2 and L1, to successfully promote an improvement in the quality of L2 teaching in public schools. In addition, we attempted to contribute to the continuing education of the teacher inservice and to develop or enhance critical thinking of the participating students, aiming to prepare them to deal with different situations related to the L2, as suggested by Celani (2009). The results confirm once again the importance of interaction through collaborative work in the context of the classroom. It was found that collaborative action leads to reflection and, consequently, promotes improvements in teaching and learning of L2, which can be significant, considering the lack of actions aimed to the public education of English Language in Brazil, especially in public schools.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:56:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rosemary_turkiewicz.pdf: 5349409 bytes, checksum: 5d9adfb6c71a7ad78fa58abf6393c8f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-13<br>Since the 1980s, the Portuguese Language teaching has been discussed by scholars and researchers, based on language s supposed dialogue and interaction, as defended by the Bahktin Circle, which is the theory found in the official Curricular Guidelines (DCE) of Parana State (Brazil), which recognize the mentioned text as a teaching unit that happens in a certain discursive genre. Thus, the proposals of text productions in school should prioritize interaction, considering that for Bakhtin/Volochinov (2014[1929]), language is materialized only in concrete enunciates within a process of dialogue. The distance of such premises comprehension by Portuguese Language teachers leads to the inference that such premises were not fully understood, perhaps by the absence of adequate training and/or a period of time sufficient to articulate theory and practice, according to the document s requirements. Being part of this school reality, teaching classes in public schools, we have chosen to develop a critical-collaborative-action-research involving two 6th to 9th graders teachers of middle school, in a Northwestern city in Parana State. Therefore, the focus was specifically to the following theme: collaborative actions in the teaching practice concerning to the production and texts rewriting. Such option is justified by an understanding that continued training, based in principles of collaborative actions can help with theory-methodology premises of writing and rewriting texts, which guarantees a safer pedagogical practice development. Such investigation purpose is sustained by the following questions: a) How do 6th to 9th graders teachers understand the theory and methodology premises present in the DCE? b) What have 6th to 9th graders teachers been doing regarding to the orientation for writing and rewriting texts? c) how can we researchers develop collaborative actions focused on teachers difficulties related to their orientation for writing and rewriting texts, as to consider the theory and methodology orientations present in the DCE? d) What changes in theory and methodology are introduced based on the researcher s mediation actions? In such a way, this paper s main purpose was to think about the collaborative actions developed in the theory and methodology orientations regarding the practice of production and text rewriting and their contributions to the theory and methodology orientations in the final grades of middle school. This research is has its foundations in Applied Linguistics, under the conception of language as presented by the Bakhtin Circle, supported by the principles of historical and cultural theory, from the studies of Vygotsky, Luria, and Leontiev, and from the text writing premises proposed first by Geraldi (2007[1984]), passing by some other researchers in this field. We assume, as a methodology proceeding, the methodology principle of critical-collaborative-action research, as we promote reflections with middle school teachers on their own practice, in order to build new knowledge about the methodology orientations on production and rewriting of a text. The results of the whole research process show: a) the understanding of the process of text writing which comprehends the steps of planning, actual writing, revising, and rewriting; b) the improvement of activities of development for writing and 9 rewriting texts; c) the internalization and appropriation of the theoretical and methodological premises concerning the concept of language as interaction and dialogue; d) the need to review the way how to continue to offer teacher´s training in the middle school context; e) the need to invest in collaborative theory and methodology orientations regarding the work with writing, which enables the follow-up of the pedagogical practice in this teaching context.<br>Desde a década de 1980, o ensino de Língua Portuguesa vem sendo discutido por estudiosos e pesquisadores, sustentados pelo pressuposto dialógico e interacionista da linguagem, conforme defendido pelo Círculo de Bakhtin, escopo teórico presente nas Diretrizes Curriculares do estado do Paraná, que reconhecem o texto-enunciado como unidade de ensino que se configura em determinado gênero discursivo. Logo, as propostas de produção de texto na escola deveriam priorizar a interação, haja vista que para Bakhtin/Volochinov (2014[1929]), a língua só se concretiza em enunciados concretos dentro de um processo de interlocução. O distanciamento, entre os professores de Língua Portuguesa, dessa compreensão, faz-nos inferir que tais pressupostos não foram compreendidos, talvez pela ausência de formação adequada e/ou período de tempo suficiente para articular teoria e prática conforme o que rege os documentos. Ao fazermos parte dessa realidade escolar, atuando como docente da rede estadual, optamos por desenvolver uma pesquisa-ação-crítica-colaborativa envolvendo duas docentes de 6° e 9° anos do ensino fundamental, de um município da região noroeste do estado do Paraná. Assim, nosso olhar se voltou mais especificamente para o seguinte tema: ações colaborativas da prática docente no que se refere aos encaminhamentos da produção e da reescrita textual. Essa opção se justifica por acreditarmos que uma formação continuada embasada nos princípios da ação colaborativa pode auxiliar com a fundamentação teórico-metodológica acerca dos processos de produção e reescrita textual, de modo a garantir mais segurança para o desenvolvimento de sua prática pedagógica. Esse propósito investigativo sustentou-se nas seguintes indagações: a)Como um grupo de professores do 6º ao 9°ano compreende os pressupostos teórico-metodológicos previstos nas DCE? b)O que tem feito o professor do 6º ao 9°ano, em termos de encaminhamentos para a produção, correção e reescrita de textos? c)Como nós, pesquisadora, podemos desenvolver ações colaborativas focadas nas dificuldades docentes para o encaminhamento da produção, e reescrita textual, de modo a contemplar as orientações teórico-metodológicas que constam nas DCE? d)Que alterações teórico-metodológicas são apresentadas a partir das ações de mediação da pesquisadora? Assim, nosso objetivo geral foi Refletir sobre as ações colaborativas desenvolvidas em orientações teórico-metodológicas sobre a prática de produção e reescrita de texto e suas contribuições nos encaminhamentos didático-pedagógicos nas séries finais do Ensino Fundamental. A pesquisa circunscreveu-se na área da Linguística Aplicada, sob a concepção de linguagem explicitada pelo Círculo de Bakhtin, pautando-se nos princípios da teoria histórico-cultural, a partir dos estudos de Vygotsky e Leontiev, e nas propostas de ensino da produção textual abordadas, primeiramente, por Geraldi (2007[1984]), passando por vários pesquisadores da área. Assumimos, como procedimento metodológico, a pesquisa-ação-crítico-colaborativa, ao promovermos reflexões com as professoras do ensino fundamental sobre a própria prática a fim de construírem novos conhecimentos a respeito dos encaminhamentos da produção e da reescrita textual. Os resultados de todo processo da pesquisa demonstram: a) a compreensão do 7 caráter processual da escrita, que compreende as etapas de planejamento, efetivação da escrita, revisão e reescrita; b) o aprimoramento no desenvolvimento de atividades de produção e reescrita textual; c) a internalização e a apropriação dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos concernentes à concepção de linguagem interacionista e dialógica; d) necessidade de rever a forma pontual como se organizam as formações continuadas no contexto do ensino fundamental; e) necessidade de se investir em orientações teóricas e metodológicas colaborativas quanto ao trabalho com a escrita, que possibilitem acompanhar a prática pedagógica nesse contexto de ensino.

Middle school programs occupy a unique place in choral music education. This study builds upon and makes a unique contribution to the body of literature in choral music education by introducing critical participatory action research into the social ecology (Shotter, 1993) of the middle school choral classroom during the “regular” school day with a non-select choral ensemble. I employed critical participatory action research methodology—a collaborative approach to understanding specific problems in education—because it is a systematic research process conducted for the purpose of generating knowledge that is valid and vital for the well being of learners, communities of learners, and for promoting social change (Carr & Kemmis, 1986; Herr & Anderson, 2005; Kemmis and McTaggart, 1987; Mills, 2010). The purpose of this critical participatory action research study was to create a collaborative model of practice in order to make sixth grade choral music education more relevant and meaningful for learners. In order to accomplish this, I created a constructionist learning environment, applying domains of relevance set forth by Gergen (2001), and examined how this model of practice impacted the pedagogical practices of 19 sixth grade chorus students and their chorus teacher over the period of one semester. All participants collected evidence in the form of video recordings, interviews, journals and portfolios. All evidence was considered in light of the changes that occurred—individually and collectively—in pedagogical and organizational practices and in regard to the original research questions. This report illuminates ways that constructionist principles might be used to create a collaborative model of middle school choral music education and the pedagogical and social practices that emerge when beginning sixth grade students and their chorus teacher share responsibility for teaching and learning.

This classroom ethnography documents the developing critical literacy pedagogy of an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) instructor over the course of several terms. My research, which involved extensive collaboration with the EAP instructor, explores how specific classroom practices and discourses are enacted and mediated through dialogic intertextualities, material objects, and social actions that frame representations about language, literacy, and what Lefebvre (1988) called “le quotidien” – the everyday, and how these affect the students’ meaning-making potential in specific ways. It also traces the contours (and detours) of the instructor’s classroom practices after the researcher’s mediation in the form of collaborative inquiries on functional grammar and critical literacy, and the effects of these classroom practices on making meaning in her EAP classes. I consider several issues from an integrated theory and practice perspective. Because of an urgent need to understand the students’ practices and epistemologies as they engage in ever newer forms of multimodal text productions, I contend that EAP classroom practices must be reshaped to facilitate more (inter)active engagements of the multimodal texts that saturate students’ lives, both inside the class and outside. Related to this, I highlight in my classroom data what actually counts as the ‘critical’ or the ‘uncritical’ in this EAP classroom and argue why these distinctions matter. Lastly, I suggest ways in which the role of a critical multiliteracies education in EAP can meet the pragmatic needs of both students and teachers. My research contributes to a much-needed dialogue between critically oriented researchers and practitioners in the field of TESOL/Applied Linguistics by bridging the gap between theory and practice. The lessons learned from this collaborative classroom praxis point to concrete ways to help EAP teachers and students utilize their meaning-making potential. This involves equipping them with an expanded social semiotic tool-kit that can enable them to not only meet their immediate academic needs, but also help create a more active and possibly transformative role in the social constructions of discourse, language, and society. This doctoral dissertation has implications for those who are involved in EAP teaching and research, curriculum planning, teacher training, and student needs assessment.

In today’s world healthcare all over the world is profoundly challenged by rapid technological advancements, violence, terrorism, diverse cultures, proliferating chronic diseases, and the worst nursing shortage. In addition to these complex and daunting challenges healthcare continue to focus the attention on hospitals to review and modify the way care is delivered to patients. As key role players and consistent members of the multidisciplinary team critical care nurses are uniquely positioned to modify and review the quality of patient care through synergy between the patients’ needs, the nurses’ competencies, and the critical care environment. A collaborative approach towards enhancing synergy in a CCU was undertaken in a CCU in a private hospital in Gauteng. The study was guided by the American Association for Critical Care Nurses Synergy Model for Patient Care and conducted within the critical social theory paradigm. The nature of the research was descriptive, explorative and contextual and both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. Action research cycles were followed to assess existing synergy between the patients’ needs, the nurses’ competencies and the characteristics of the environment in the CCU. An action plan was formulated and implemented towards enhancing synergy in the CCU. The implemented plan was adjusted based on observations and reflections following each of the five cycles of the project<br>Health Studies<br>D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

AbstractThis chapter presents the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the action research, which was used by collaborating research teams from Poland, Lithuania, Finland and Austria for the study “Improving Inclusive Education Through Universal Design for Learning”. The chapter discusses different sociocultural contexts in the participating countries and what led to the research question, which asks “How does the implementation of universal design for learning enrich the practice of inclusive education in different educational contexts”. This question was looked at in terms of its relevance to the four above-mentioned countries. It can be argued that the action research is favourable for the development of theory and that inclusive education can be changed and reflected by it. The types of action research chosen by the research teams are discussed, those being collaborative, and critical participatory. The cycles of action research and their goals are also presented. Seeking to substantiate the choices of research teams regarding the process and methods of action research, this chapter elaborates on the aspects of action research organisation that are interpreted differently by the researchers: Can the action research be conducted only by the researcher–teachers or can it be carried out by teachers in cooperation with researchers? Is it possible to use a combination of qualitative and quantitative research? The problem with quality and validity of action research is discussed.

AbstractThe Gadfly first materialised as a provocative data performance at the Transitions Research Symposium held at The University of Melbourne in June 2017. The figuration of gadfly in the title shapes the figure of the researcher as (bothersome) questioner that provokes critical dialogue about the assumptions underpinning our own research practices and learning environments research more generally. This figuration provides us an entry point into working data through approaches offered by new materialist and post-qualitative research methods. The resulting data performance came together as a collaborative experiment inhabiting the in-between spaces of researchers, participants, research contexts, and ‘data’ initially generated in a Taekwondo training assemblage. Our collaborative approach involved an intra-active process as a way of doing data differently. Informing our process are concepts of intra-action, assemblage, affect, and sticky data.

In the past few decades, new forms of collaborative ethnography have continued to expand and grow. Though collaborative ethnography arguably has a long tradition in ethnographic fieldwork, developments surrounding, among other things, the explicit co-conceptualization and co-theorization of collaborative inquiry; the diverse and dynamic co-commitments of practice (be they moral, ethical, political, or otherwise); and the joint productions of ethnographic forms (be they texts, exhibits, actions, etc.) have yielded new opportunities for collaborative research and action. With this in mind, this chapter explores how recent forms of collaborative ethnography are helping to chart more critical and complex understandings of both collaboration and collaborative research in field-based disciplines such as anthropology, folklore, and ethnomusicology.

This chapter presents a critical approach to collaborative learning viewed as a social interaction process. Based on Habermas’ theory of communicative action, the chapter proposes a communicative model of collaborative learning with the aim to enhance understanding of communicative practices in Web-mediated collaborative learning situations and to provide a methodological instrument for the analysis of concrete learning processes. Drawing on the empirical data from a field study the chapter illustrates how the communicative model of collaborative learning can be applied to analyse not only what linguistic interactions among students mean but also what they produce in a particular learning situation. The chapter concludes by summarising possible implications of this critical perspective and the communicative model of collaborative learning on both practical pedagogy and empirical research in Web-mediated environments.

Despite the fact that creating employee focus, motivation and improved outcomes through performance review is widely encouraged, such constraining and potentially isolating activity is also equally derided. I argue in this chapter that many obstacles in performance review can be overcome through inclusion of focused goal pursuit which has a simple, collaborative, flexible, personal and organizational learning and improvement, emphasis whilst combining both rigour and responsiveness. I offer an overview cycle for performance review with such an embedded Focused Action Research Goals (FARG) approach. The overview cycle and FARG approach are underpinned by three key principles encouraging: depth of learning; stretch in challenge; and collaboration based on dialogue and openness. The chapter moves beyond outlining processes and principles to drawing links to recent thinking from the neuroscience and neuroleadership fields. Regions of the brain relevant particularly to goal pursuit are discussed alongside the impact of stress and elements considered to enhance this critical organizational function. Some caution about drawing categorical and overly simplistic conclusions is also included.

Presenting the co-designed carousel of methods and the iterative conversations which created the research questions and events, this chapter explains the collaborative and youth led research process which underpins the qualitative findings presented throughout the book. It offers examples of how the creative methods generated a research agenda. It locates the book in traditions of youth work as accompaniment and socio-cultural animation with strong links to critical participatory action research. It explains the recruitment of the research team, the range of creative methods of engagement, data collection and philosophical discussion which were used, the partnership with arts practitioners and the performance tour which followed, and presents the youth-led research agenda which emerged as well as introducing the legacy project developed from the initial findings.

Interdisciplinary collaborative design for culturally diverse and under-represented communities hinges on understanding cultural environments; building trusting relationships and fostering a respectful approach to community. It requires a diverse disciplinary knowledge and the capacity to take action by blurring the boundaries between disciplines. This chapter discusses the application of design-led research approach with a participatory design mind-set by bringing the users to the forefront of a design as active co-creators. It examines two projects – a Māori landscape regeneration project in the Wairarapa region of Wellington; and a Tokelau / Pasifika cultural museum exhibition. The research project is framed around three critical stages: design analysis, design exploration and design synthesis. This interdisciplinary collaborative research process can create new opportunities for architectural design education as it educates students and the wider community as active world-citizens.

What does Learning look like? What are the embodied roots of the thinking process? We have posed these questions in the process of developing our research, workshops and curricula. How do we understand, engage with and investigate the everyday teaching and learning environment? Art practice is a complex process, and successful induction into the forms of teaching and learning practiced in the studio is critical to a student’s progress through art college. For contemporary artist/researchers working at the interface of art and pedagogy, education continues to be a central concern in their research. Contemporary artists such as Annette Krauss and her long-term project Hidden Curriculum (2008), art theorists such as Claire Bishop, Artificial Hells (2012), Richard Hickman (ed.), Research in Art &amp; Design Education: Issues and Exemplars (2008), Graeme Sullivan, in his book Art Practice as Research (2005), all use and discuss arts-based approaches in educational research, and are important references to the contextual framework of this project. In a series of action research projects, conducted over the last five years with student volunteers in the Crawford College of Art and Design, we have explored phenomenological, collaborative approaches to teaching and learning, space and place, that encourage students to be active agents in their education and co-creators of their own learning environment. Our overall project aims to create an artistic, collaborative, non- hierarchical framework that encourages students and teachers to actively question and investigate the teaching and learning situation and relationships.

Science does not belong to the scientist” and it is far from finding an end in itself. For researchers, it is necessary to disseminate their findings and share them with the wider community: an attitude that enriches both society and Science. In order for this to happen, it is necessary that scientific knowledge is disseminated through the use of simple vocabulary, direct and communicative language, and by using communication vehicles which are accessible to thegeneral population. Nevertheless, there is still some resistance to the use of social networks as a means of disseminating scientific works. This project aims to support the task of scientific dissemination by both seeking to reach different audiences andinstigating the academic community to be informed about and/or to participate in researches carried out by ISECENSA’s scientific initiation programs. Action research was the methodology chosen for this project because it has a critical-collaborative character and is attractive, once it leads to an immediate specific result: the construction of infographics and videos and their publication on social networks aiming to disseminate ISECENSA’s 2021/2022 research projects. In addition, the methodology includes the use of tools/applications that enable the generation of metrics for infographics posts and other media used for science dissemination. As a result, a special volume of the R&amp;D Bulletin is expected to be published. It will register the scientific dissemination activities developed at ISECENSA during the year 2021, marking the holding of ISECENSA’s VI Research and Development Seminar and the VII Scientific Knowledge International Congress (VII CICC)

The transition from the neoclassical model with exogenous input of technological progress perspective toward R&amp;D model with endogenous growth of knowledge perspective is not completed, but the premises of innovation, research, education, and entrepreneurship push the limits of labour-intensive economy to knowledge-intensive economy, where knowledge is a valuable resource for sustainable growth in the long-run and the role of Intellectual Capital is critical for increasing productivity and competitiveness. By introducing Intellectual Capital in the endogenous growth model, instead of Human Capital, we have the possibility to reflect better the difference between the market value of production and physical value. In the technological era, innovation and research are able to increase the market value comparing with the accounting value. In the 4th Industrial Revolution, this model is able to be changed dramatically if we take into account the possibility of machines to create knowledge through Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, new biotechnologies, new materials, and nanotechnology. For this reason, the more important action for the economic processes is to manage knowledge, starting with increased awareness, accurate measurement system, improved taxonomy, dedicated processes, and so on. In such conditions, the equation of growth theory has to be rewritten soon. The purpose of this research is not to provide a silver bullet of measurement Total Factor Productivity (TFP), but to understand better the part of productivity dedicated to the intangible and to validate this approach within the KEP model. Knowledge Economy Pyramid (KEP) is a valuable environment for incubating and accelerate knowledge in the process, as long as KEP model is creating a collaborative environment where the related stakeholders – universities, factories, technology providers, government, administration, local communities, clusters – are working together in order to achieve the objective of increasing productivity and competitiveness.

The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  HUMANITY The Panel recommends recognition that research in this field should be geared towards the development of critical understandings of self and society in the modern world. Archaeological research into the modern past should be ambitious in seeking to contribute to understanding of the major social, economic and environmental developments through which the modern world came into being. Modern-world archaeology can add significantly to knowledge of Scotland’s historical relationships with the rest of the British Isles, Europe and the wider world. Archaeology offers a new perspective on what it has meant to be a modern person and a member of modern society, inhabiting a modern world.  MATERIALITY The Panel recommends approaches to research which focus on the materiality of the recent past (i.e. the character of relationships between people and their material world). Archaeology’s contribution to understandings of the modern world lies in its ability to situate, humanise and contextualise broader historical developments. Archaeological research can provide new insights into the modern past by investigating historical trends not as abstract phenomena but as changes to real lives, affecting different localities in different ways. Archaeology can take a long-term perspective on major modern developments, researching their ‘prehistory’ (which often extends back into the Middle Ages) and their material legacy in the present. Archaeology can humanise and contextualise long-term processes and global connections by working outwards from individual life stories, developing biographies of individual artefacts and buildings and evidencing the reciprocity of people, things, places and landscapes. The modern person and modern social relationships were formed in and through material environments and, to understand modern humanity, it is crucial that we understand humanity’s material relationships in the modern world.  PERSPECTIVE The Panel recommends the development, realisation and promotion of work which takes a critical perspective on the present from a deeper understanding of the recent past. Research into the modern past provides a critical perspective on the present, uncovering the origins of our current ways of life and of relating to each other and to the world around us. It is important that this relevance is acknowledged, understood, developed and mobilised to connect past, present and future. The material approach of archaeology can enhance understanding, challenge assumptions and develop new and alternative histories. Modern Scotland: Archaeology, the Modern past and the Modern present vi Archaeology can evidence varied experience of social, environmental and economic change in the past. It can consider questions of local distinctiveness and global homogeneity in complex and nuanced ways. It can reveal the hidden histories of those whose ways of life diverged from the historical mainstream. Archaeology can challenge simplistic, essentialist understandings of the recent Scottish past, providing insights into the historical character and interaction of Scottish, British and other identities and ideologies.  COLLABORATION The Panel recommends the development of integrated and collaborative research practices. Perhaps above all other periods of the past, the modern past is a field of enquiry where there is great potential benefit in collaboration between different specialist sectors within archaeology, between different disciplines, between Scottish-based researchers and researchers elsewhere in the world and between professionals and the public. The Panel advocates the development of new ways of working involving integrated and collaborative investigation of the modern past. Extending beyond previous modes of inter-disciplinary practice, these new approaches should involve active engagement between different interests developing collaborative responses to common questions and problems.  REFLECTION The Panel recommends that a reflexive approach is taken to the archaeology of the modern past, requiring research into the nature of academic, professional and public engagements with the modern past and the development of new reflexive modes of practice. Archaeology investigates the past but it does so from its position in the present. Research should develop a greater understanding of modern-period archaeology as a scholarly pursuit and social practice in the present. Research should provide insights into the ways in which the modern past is presented and represented in particular contexts. Work is required to better evidence popular understandings of and engagements with the modern past and to understand the politics of the recent past, particularly its material aspect. Research should seek to advance knowledge and understanding of the moral and ethical viewpoints held by professionals and members of the public in relation to the archaeology of the recent past. There is a need to critically review public engagement practices in modern-world archaeology and develop new modes of public-professional collaboration and to generate practices through which archaeology can make positive interventions in the world. And there is a need to embed processes of ethical reflection and beneficial action into archaeological practice relating to the modern past.