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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Critical mapping'
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Traynor, Catherine Mary. "Mapping neutrality : critical geographies of The Hague." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39949.
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This thesis takes the reader on an emotional journey, through offices, buildings, streets, cities, countries, past and present, to explore what makes things neutral. It addresses a question currently lacking in the discipline, that if geographies are essentially emotional-affective, material, geopolitical and organised (if fluid), is there such thing as a geography of neutrality? Based on a case study of the World Forum Area of The Hague, and specifically a war crimes courtroom, headquarters building and International Zone, it shows how various forms of neutrality are peopled and placed. By doing so, it also confronts what constitutes "The Hague International City of Peace and Justice." The research was autoethnographic, involving semi-structured interviews, walking tours, observation and texts. Developing current analytical debates in geography, including emotions and affects, architecture, critical geopolitics and organisational anthropology, the thesis reveals three distinct yet overlapping socio-spatial forms, namely neutrality-as-competence, international-as-neutral and neutrality-as(un)organised. These three 'neutralities' matter politically since they fuel and challenge, liberal democracy, sovereignty and power relations. They also matter theoretically, as they uncover a complex relationship between absence and presence, in the constitution of a recognizable entity. Neutralities are an achievement of staged and unstaged significance along with staged and unstaged insignificance. Through the deliberate and inadvertent enactment of a lack of certain elements as much as a supply of others, intricate 'neutral' practices produce power(less) (un)organisations, that can justify political action and inaction, intimately and globally. With showcase trials performing emotional control, architecture downplaying its importance, and coherency that appears without strategy, 'The Hague International City of Peace and Justice' is one such multiscalar, organisational effect. Nevertheless, it contains people 'at the coalface,' negotiating neutrality's inherent contradictions, continually stretching its meanings and practices. Future work could tell their stories to enrich geographies of peace (McConnell, Williams and Megoran 2014).
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Maras, Karen Elizabeth Art History & Art Education College of Fine Arts UNSW. "Mapping children's theory of critical meaning in visual arts." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Art History & Art Education, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41294.
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Through the lens of a realist conception of artworks as artefacts, this research investigates the underlying ontological constraints governing childrens aesthetic understanding in art. Challenging structural conventions of research into aesthetic development in art, a realist philosophical framework provides a neutral space within which the ontological basis for children's aesthetic concepts of pictorial meaning and value can be analysed, and developmental differences mapped. The study employs an analytical schema which brings together analytical tools borrowed from Feldman's ontic dumping and Wollheim's twofolded seeing-in. This schema is used to classify qualitative changes in concepts of pictorial value and meaning in three groups of children aged 6, 9, and 12, and two teachers, as employed in the experimental curation of an exhibition of portrait paintings. The curatorial policy developed by children from each group, in justification of their choice of eight pictures and accompanying exhibitions, are interpreted using quantitative and qualitative methods. Characteristic-to-defining shifts from na??ve accounts to more autonomous aesthetic judgements of value are identified relative to the ontological stance children adopted in their critical reasoning about the portraits they chose. Findings include differences in the level of conceptual integration in justification of portraits chosen, differences in the breadth and autonomy of identity brought to bear in choices of portraits, but few differences in the representational abstraction of the images chosen by different age groups. The authenticity of the experimental tasks, as well as the rich characterisation of the developmental differences described in the study have significance for pedagogical explanations of critical practice in art education.
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Andersson, Karl. "Mapping out dependencies in network components in critical infrastructure." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-143981.
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Companies that operate with critical infrastructure face a growing threat from cyber-attacks while at the same time the development in the business is rapidly moving towards a higher level of digitalization. A common type of system in critical infrastructure is supervisory control and data acquisition systems, these systems have properties that can affect their security and will therefore serve as the basis for this thesis work. To stay protected despite systems changes, companies need to make risk assessments in order to analyze how changes will affect the overall system. One thing that is important to focus on is dependencies within the system, this means that not only interaction among computers and networks are concerned but instead a more holistic view of the system need to be considered. This thesis aims to aid the process of a future risk assessment by providing a methodology to be used as a preparatory step before a risk assessment by describing the current situation of the system. This is done by evaluating two system modeling approaches, and also by proposing a number of perspectives that each provides different kind of information about the system’s dependencies. These perspectives are then evaluated by creating system models and dependency graphs, and discussing the outcomes with experts in a utility company to find out their applicability. According to the experts, the proposed perspectives have promising properties that can be useful in future risk assessments as well as in other scenarios. Moreover, the evaluated modeling approaches got positive comments during evaluation and are considered to serve their purpose.
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Tulloch, Scott. "Mapping U.S. Civic Engagement Discourse: A Geo-Critical Rhetorical Wandering." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/TullochS2008.pdf.
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Dodge, Martin. "Understanding cyberspace cartographies : a critical analysis of Internet infrastructure mapping." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444150/.
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For thousands of years, people have been creating maps of the world around them as a means of understanding, navigating and controlling space. Cyberspace is the pre-eminent terra incognita of the twenty-first century and a wide range of maps and map-like visualisations have been produced to comprehend it. Many different aspects of cyberspace have been mapped, from the physical infrastructure, the data flows and customer statistics, to the emergent patterns of Web hyperlinks and the social structures of online forums. This thesis provides a discussion of the nature of these maps and visualisations, recognising them as complex socio-technical visual images open to multiple connotative interpretation, and imbued with political power and embedded in a wider socio-cultural milieu. The work is situated theoretically within contemporary cultural analyses of cartography, employing a hermeneutic epistemology and a non-progressive categorisation of cyberspace mapmaking practices into distinct, but overlapping and contested modes. The research questions tackled by the thesis are threefold, involving auditing how Internet infrastructures have been mapped, how these maps work semiotically and what is the nature of power they have to do work in the world. The thesis is an empirically-focused interpretative approach applied to an important mode of cyberspace cartographies: those that map Internet infrastructures. These maps give a fascinating picture of what the Internet looks like, and, significantly, they also provide rich insights into how different interest groups want the Internet to look. The goal of the analysis is to understand both the design connotations of the cartographic signs and the political imaginings of maps of the Internet infrastructure and this proceeds via two detailed case studies. The first case study focuses on the connotative meaning and power of statistical mapping to represent the nature of the globalisation of Internet connectivity. The second case study critiques marketing maps that sell infrastructure access and are intimately bound up in promoting the notion of global network reach.
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Kleynhans, Ilse. "A critical appraisal of regional geotechnical mapping in South Africa." Pretoria : [S.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08122005-111838.
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Liu-Devereux, Pauline Carol. "Galleries and drift : mapping undermined landscapes." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3283.
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This is a creative/critical project, a collection of narratives inspired by critical discourse that map a local landscape and chart a personal topography. As a result of interdisciplinary study, particularly in the area of cultural geography and map making, I found new ways to explore ideas about Cornwall’s heritage, her undermined landscape and expand upon issues raised in my MA dissertation. Recognising the instability and partiality of maps provided insight and mapping became method as newly revealed pathways and subtly shifting perspectives inspired fresh narratives which challenge stereotypical images of Cornwall and reveal the sometimes dark realities of rurality. The more personal narratives in this collection reveal a different undermined landscape: ideas about romantic constructions and inheritance led to explorations of nostalgia, memory and identity. Life events became life writing and many of these narratives reflect a search for direction and for a missing person: the artist I once was. But there are other disappearances in these narratives and the final chapter gives an account of family events that had to be recorded but which raise ethical questions that life writers cannot ignore. We must take responsibility for the way we write about vulnerable subjects and recognise what this writing tells us about ourselves: that, as Nancy K. Miller has suggested, by exposing our lives to others through life writing, we too become vulnerable subjects. The essay accompanying these narratives reflects upon process and finds ways of giving an account of the writer writing. It uncovers contemporary theories that are embedded in the narratives and I describe it as an orouboros, a creature that continuously eats its own tail. Like the text it subjects to scrutiny, the essay is a life narrative, an autobiographical act that merges creative and critical thinking and this amalgamation has been my aim since my studies began.
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Farmer, Elizabeth A. "A critical evaluation of remote sensing based land cover mapping methodologies." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2008. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3485.
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A novel, disaggregated approach to land cover survey is developed on the basis of land cover attributes; the parameters typically used to delineate land cover classes. The recording of land cover attributes, via objective measurement techniques, is advocated as it eliminates the requirement for surveyors to delineate and classify land cover; a process proven to be subjective and error prone. Within the North York Moors National Park, a field methodology is developed to characterise five attributes: species composition, cover, height, structure and density. The utility of land cover attributes to act as land cover ‘building blocks’ is demonstrated via classification of the field data to the Monitoring Landscape Change in the National Parks (MLCNP), National Land Use Database (NLUD) and Phase 1 Habitat Mapping (P1) schemes. Integration of the classified field data and a SPOT5 satellite image is demonstrated within per-pixel and object-orientated classification environments. Per-pixel classification produced overall accuracies of 81%, 80% and 76% at the field samples for the MLCNP, NLUD and P1 schemes, respectively. However, independent validation produced significantly lower accuracies. These decreases are demonstrated to be a function of sample fraction. Object-orientated classification, exemplified for the MLCNP schema at 3 segmentation scales, achieved accuracies approaching 75%. The aggregation of attributes to classes underutilises the potential of the remotely sensed data to describe landscape variability. Consequently, classification and geostatistical techniques capable of land cover attribute parameterisation, across the study area, are reviewed and exemplified for a sub-pixel classification. Land cover attributes provide a flexible source of field data which has been proven to support multiple land cover classification schemes and classification scales (sub-pixel, pixel and object). This multi-scaled/schemed approach enables the differential treatment of regions, within the remote sensing image, as a function of landscape characteristics and the users’ requirements providing a flexible mapping solution.
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Whitlock, Wade. "The Politics of Invisibility." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195152.
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Rather than offering a traditional interpretation of what constitutes a spatial queer politics, which Brown and Knopp (2006) describe as "claiming space," this dissertation seeks instead to explore a Foucauldian politics of disappearing, of incoherency, and illegibility. I call this the politics of invisibility, describing a queer politics that questions visibility at every avenue and that is extremely critical of the ways that queer bodies are often made less complex, indeed less visible, when "gays and lesbians" are incorporated more and more into the mainstream. The work does this through three different papers. First, it lays down the theory of the politics of invisibility through a Foucauldian analysis of the changing nature of heteronormativity since queer theory's origin in the early 1990's. Second, it asks whether new directions in mapping gays and lesbians based on problematic census data from the 1990 and 2000 censuses should be reconsidered in light of this changing heteronormativity. Third, it explores the radical potential of a gay male subculture that is striving to become more visible and by doing so ruptures the taken-for-granted no-tions of how traditional forms of masculinity should be interpreted in a queer theoretical framework.
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Wilmott, Clancy. "Living the map : mobile mapping in post/colonial cities." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/living-the-map-mobile-mapping-in-postcolonial-cities(31208be6-9620-4774-9fa7-7607c0bc8f54).html.
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This thesis is concerned with mobile mapping practices in Sydney and Hong Kong. Since the development of mobile media technology, there has been widespread proliferation of geo-locative, quasi-cartographic mapping practices in which people use applications (apps) on their mobile phones to narrate and navigate their way through urban spaces. This has raised questions within scholarly communities about the impact that these new technologies are having on everyday practices and everyday lives. As such, this thesis seeks to contribute to a growing field of knowledge surrounding the transformation of wayfinding, navigational and spatial mapping in the wake of these developments. Focusing an empirical investigation in two post/colonial cities - Sydney and Hong Kong - it draws on ethnographic, archival and geographical data in order to situate mobile mapping in an everyday context. Building upon Foucault's work on order (2002b), knowledge (2002a) and discipline (1995), this thesis seeks to address the issue of power-knowledge relations within and without mobile mapping practices as political and generative contestations over the meaning of space, the potentiality of practice and the indeterminacy of the past. It does so by considering an over-arching discourse of cartographic reason, best articulated by Farinelli (1998) and Olsson (1998) as a rationalist, universalist and geometrical approach to spatial understanding. Moving beyond the Cartesian interpretation of cartographic reason, it argues that in an increasingly digitised and monadic world, analyses of cartographic discourse must expand into an investigation of the role of Leibnizian binary systems, universal characteristics and elasticity. As such, this thesis engages three heuristic lenses - space, technology and people - with which to understand the empirical material from different perspectives. It argues that digital mobile mapping practices can be understood as expanded and transformative descendants of the rationalist, universalist and scientific impulses that have characterised cartographic reason since the Enlightenment. However, where continuity can be traced across many different cartographic and mapping practices, as the power of cartographic reason continues to reassert authority and territorialise space and knowledge, equally, the contestations which where borne of initial and early colonial encounters continue to generate contestation, conflict and hauntings.
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Cui, Song. "Hardware mapping of critical paths of a GaAs core processor for solid modelling accelerator /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc9661.pdf.
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Strickson, Amanda J. "Analysis of expressed sequence tags mapping to the critical region of the 5q syndrome." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250497.
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Patel, Reshma. "Physical and transcriptional mapping studies within the retinitis pigmentosa critical region on chromosome 7p." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312179.
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Lidåker, Tim. "The Potential of Argument Mapping as a Tool for Teaching Critical Thinking in Secondary School." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149438.
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With our modern deluge of information through social media, news and blogs, the importance of giving our children a better understanding of source criticism and critical thinking has become increasingly clear. In the field of critical thinking, the use of argument mapping software, a visual way of structuring arguments, has been shown to increase the understanding of arguments, and college students using the method score as much as three times higher on critical thinking tests. This thesis presents a simplified digital argument mapping tool, developed in order to explore the feasibility of argument mapping for students in secondary school (aged 13-15). The tool is then tested on two secondary school classes. The thesis shows that the students are proficient at basic argument mapping with the tool, but also that the more complex facets of the method require more instruction in order to be used by the students. Recommendations are presented for further development of the argument mapping tool, as well as further studies of critical thinking using argument mapping in secondary school. The thesis has shown the argument mapping has potential for use in secondary school, and should be further studied.Med vårt moderna överflöd av information genom sociala media, nyheter och bloggar, så ökar vikten av att ge våra unga en bättre förståelse för källkritik och kritiskt tänkande. I fältet kritiskt tänkande har en metod som kallas argument mapping, en visuell metod för att strukturera argument, visats öka förståelsen av argument, samt vid användning studenter i universitet har metoden ökat resultaten på test i kritiskt tänkande upp till tre gånger. Uppsatsen presenterar ett förenklat digitalt argument mapping-verktyg, utvecklat för att studera hur elever på högstadiet (13-15 år) kan använda sig av metoden, som sedan testas på två högstadieklasser. Resultatet visar att studenterna klarar av grundläggande argument mapping med verktyget, men att de mer komplexa delarna av metoden behöver vidare instruktion för att eleverna ska kunna förstå. Rekommendationer presenteras baserat på den data som samlats in, både för vidareutveckling av det designade verktyget, samt för framtida studier av kritiskt tänkande och argument mapping i högstadiet. Uppsatsen visar att argument mapping har potential för användning av högstadieelever, och bör därmed undersökas vidare.
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Presley, Rachel E. "Decolonizing Dissent: Mapping Indigenous Resistance onto Settler Colonial Land." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou156346106453335.
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Kirkpatrick, Erika Marie. "Photography, the State, and War: Mapping the Contemporary War Photography Landscape." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35723.
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This dissertation explores the ways in which media, visuality, and politics intersect through an analysis of contemporary war photography. In so doing, it seeks to uncover how war photography as a social practice works to produce, perform and construct the State. Furthermore, it argues that this productive and performative power works to constrain the conditions of possibility for geopolitics. The central argument of this project is that contemporary war photography reifies a view of the international in which the liberal, democratic West is pitted against the barbaric Islamic world in a ‘civilizational’ struggle. This project’s key contribution to knowledge rests in its unique and rigorous research methodology (Visual Discourse Analysis) – mixing as it does inspiration from both quantitative and qualitative approaches to scholarship. Empirically, the dissertation rests on the detailed analysis of over 1900 war images collected from 30 different media sources published between the years 2000-2013.
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Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia. "The global mapping of low vision services." Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/7119.
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Low vision impacts on Quality of Life (QoL). Thus, low vision services are essential to enhance the QoL of people with functional low vision. However, of the estimated 70 out of the 124 million people with low vision who require services, approximately 5-10% has access to services. The demands for low vision services will continue to grow due to the emerging global trends in ageing populations and changes in the epidemiology of vision impairment. While critical data and information are available for other forms of vision impairment, there is a paucity of information on the distribution, needs, and priorities for improving low vision service delivery at the national, regional, and global levels.This thesis addressed the problem by first developing and distributing a survey to Vision 2020 contacts, government, and non government organisations in 195 countries during 2006-2008 to assess the current situation of low vision services globally. The survey was first pilot tested leading to improvements in the length, layout, and content of its form. Specifically, the survey topics included: epidemiology, policies, human resources, service provision, barriers, equipment, and monitoring and evaluation.
The Classification Analysis and Regression Tree (CART), logistic regression methodology and grounded theory analysis were used to present the findings and identify the critical success factors of low vision service coverage. The qualitative component consisted of case studies in three countries (India, Ghana, and Cameroon) during November 2007 and 2008. A total of 101 interviews were carried out. The case studies provided an overview and historical perspective of services, effectiveness, cost, efficiency, acceptability, access, equity, sustainability, and ideal situations as recommended by interviewees. Qualitative findings from the case studies were produced with the assistance of the NVivo software.
The primary results are that the majority (80%) of countries have poor (≤10%) coverage. Key issues pertinent to the current situation of service coverage are: human resources (number and combination of disciplines), funding (sustainability and arrangements), type of services provided (comprehensive and multidisciplinary) and its locations (NGOs or government facilities), and the sociodemographic and economic barriers (costs, awareness, and rural areas) to accessing services.
The critical success factors found in this research are represented by the ‘FRAME’: Funding (sustainable source, public and private mix), Rehabilitation workers (e.g., adequate numbers of multidisciplinary personnel), Access to low vision devices, Multidisciplinary services; and External contextual influences in which low vision services operate in. The case studies identified seven major themes that further build on the FRAME: sustainability, governance, advocacy, human resources, access, awareness, and service delivery.
The conclusion of the thesis is that a global picture of the current situation of low vision services was acquired and it is now known which countries have poor (≤10%) and better (>10%) coverage. It also found the critical success factors that will assist the WHO Low Vision Working Group and Vision 2020 to improve the current models of service delivery, future planning, training curriculum development, and priorities setting. Specifically, these need to be achieved through three areas of action: human resources development, sustainability, and advocacy.
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Footz, Tim. "Mapping of the region of mouse chromosome 6 homologous to the human cat eye syndrome critical region." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0020/MQ47030.pdf.
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Andersen, Hans-Erik. "Estimation of critical forest structure metrics through the spatial analysis of airborne laser scanner data /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5579.
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Bentley, Grace Ann. "Neurophysiological Correlates of the Critical Bandwidth in the Human Auditory System." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5619.
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The critical bandwidth (CBW) is an auditory phenomenon that has been used to study various aspects of auditory processing, including auditory masking, complex tone processing, and loudness perception. Although the psychoacoustic aspects of the CBW have been well studied, the underlying neurophysiology of the CBW has not been as thoroughly examined. The current study examined the neurophysiology of the CBW in young adults, as well as loudness perception in response to the CBW. Auditory stimuli consisting of complex tones of varying bandwidths were presented to 12 individuals (6 male and 6 female, ages 18-26 years). Complex tones were presented around center frequencies (CFs) of 250, 500, 1000, and 3000 Hz at bandwidths of 2, 5, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz. Participants made loudness perception judgments while electroencephalography measured and recorded components of the event related potentials (ERPs) in response to the acoustic stimuli. Reaction time (RT) was recorded for each behavioral response, and the latencies of the N1, P2, C3, and C4 components of the ERPs were obtained. The results showed that RT increased with increasing bandwidth followed by a decrease in RT corresponding approximately with the CBW. This indicated that participants perceived a change in loudness at bandwidths greater than the CBW. Significant differences, p < .05, in RT were observed in bandwidths of 5 Hz and greater, although there was not complete consistency in this observation across all CFs and bandwidths. No significant critical band-like behavior amongst ERP latencies was observed. The results indicated that responses to acoustic stimuli originating in the superior temporal gyrus progressed to areas of higher neural function in the mid-temporal lobe. It was observed that each response must be processed temporally and independently to determine if a frequency difference is present for each stimulus. This observation is significant because this type of processing had not been identified prior to the current study.
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Dalal-Clayton, D. B. "The construction and critical appraisal of reconnaissance soil mapping : A geomorphic and soil taxonomy - based approach in Eastern Zambia." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384719.
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Areskog, Oskar. "Mapping the Singularity : A Diagrammatic Analysis of Kurzweil’s Singularity Argument and Some Objections." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Filosofiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446660.
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Constructing and understanding arguments is often difficult but key to both philosophyand other parts of the everyday life. Some methods to ease this task has been developed.One of the methods developed within informal reasoning is argument diagramming, amethod to structure and visualize arguments. This essay takes a complicated argumentabout the fate of the universe, put forward by futurist Ray Kurzweil in his book TheSingularity is Near, as well as some critique published against said argument, as a casestudy for the application of argument diagramming on unstructured arguments fromoutside the field of philosophy. To arrive at a diagram that can be easily grasped andread but still contains all information of the original argument, this essay developsa method of splitting sub-diagrams off of a main diagram. Analysing the resultingdiagrams shows that the plausibility of Kurzweil’s argument is heavily dependent on afew, critical premises at the lower levels of the diagram.
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Stevens, Jenna. "An investigation into the acceptability of dementia care mapping on a neuro-rehabilitation ward : Q-methodology with staff and clinical populations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-investigation-into-the-acceptability-of-dementia-care-mapping-on-a-neurorehabilitation-ward-qmethodology-with-staff-and-clinical-populations(d71dbbc4-8b70-48b5-906c-83ad326138a4).html.
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Background. Paper I: Published guidelines and policies continually promote the importance of increasing service-user involvement in health care services. Q-methodology has become a popular method for revealing the subjective perspectives of patients who use health services, yet there is currently no review considering the potential issues of using Q-methodology with clinical populations. Paper II: Measuring the quality of care for people using neurorehabilitation services is a complex area requiring reliable methods. Dementia Care Mapping (DCM) is used widely in dementia care settings to help improve person-centred care and with appropriate evaluation may be usefully applied to neurorehabilitation settings. Aims. Paper I [literature review] examined studies which used Q-methodology with clinical populations, with a particular emphasis on the potential adaptations required to ensure its reliable use. Paper II [research study] explored the acceptability views of staff and patients for the pilot use of DCM in a neurorehabilitation setting. Paper III attempted to critically appraise these papers, as well as the research process overall. Methods. Paper I reviewed 29 studies, published over a 20-year period, using a narrative synthesis. Paper II conducted DCM on an acute neurorehabilitation ward, and evaluated the acceptability of DCM using Q-methodology with 23 staff and 10 patients on the ward. Results. Paper I identified a number of considerations for the effective application of Q-methodology with clinical populations. Paper II, reporting on the factor analysis, indicated a 'consensus' viewpoint, where all participants indicated positive acceptability for the use of DCM in a neurorehabilitation setting, with additional factors indicating some potential changes to the tool for increasing acceptability in the future. Paper II also indicated the potential for Q-methodology to be useful with a neurorehabilitation in-patient population. Conclusion. Paper I indicated the potential worth of Q-methodology for use with clinical populations. It also indicated guidelines which researchers might consider when using this method with clinical populations in the future. Paper II revealed promising results for the acceptability of DCM in a neurorehabilitation setting, though further research is required to explore this further. It also confirmed the value of Q-methodology with patients within a neurorehabilitation setting, similarly to those in Paper I. Paper III explored the relevance of Papers I and II in adding to the literature independently, but also the unequivocal link regarding the use of Q-methodology with clinical populations.
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Romanko, Lise. "The role of concept mapping in the development of critical thinking skills in student and novice nurses : a quantitative meta-analysis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57135.
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Background: Critical thinking has been identified as a skill that many nursing students struggle with. Concept mapping is one teaching method that has been purported to enhance critical thinking.
Aim: To interpret and synthesize the evidence related to the use of concept mapping as a method of developing critical thinking in nursing students and novice nurses, and to present an overview of methodological and reporting aspects of the studies. The goal of this meta-analysis was to determine the magnitude of the effect concept mapping has on critical thinking skills in order to guide our profession in how we teach student nurses.
Methods: A search of Web of Science, PubMED, Cochrane Library and EBSCOhost, which includes Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases was performed. The criteria used for inclusion for this thesis were articles published in English, from peer-reviewed journals, participants were registered nurses or nursing students, and quantitative primary studies published since 2002. Four full text peer-reviewed articles were reviewed independently by two researchers. Data were extracted based on the inclusion criteria. A quantitative meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.3 software.
Results: Four journal articles published between 2003 and 2014 that reported results from controlled intervention quantitative studies were included in the analysis. The results were not conclusive and did not provide statistically significant evidence in support of concept mapping affecting critical thinking skills in nursing students and novice nurses.
Conclusion: This study does not support the application of concept maps as a teaching and learning strategy to promote the development of critical thinking skills in nurses. Further studies and data collection is suggested using a nurse specific measurement tool for critical thinking skills and a larger sample size.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
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Fernandes, Wellington de Oliveira. "Mapas: entre narrativas pela dominação e dissertativas pela contestação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8135/tde-24022017-150348/.
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A emergência de práticas engajadas a utilizar os mapas como instrumento de contestação, como é o caso da metodologia de mapeamento participativo, aliada a efervescência teórica em torno de fazer a crítica aos mapas, sobretudo a partir de Brian Harley, constitui a cartografia crítica. Os mapas participativos surgem como proposta para fortalecer a defesa de comunidades tradicionais em contexto de conflito territorial. Assim, uma infinidade de experiências e técnicas é desenvolvida com a proposta de contrapor representações cartográficas hegemônicas. Enquanto isso, no plano teórico, os mapas tem o caráter de documento científico neutro questionado e são situados em meio a relações de poder. Historicamente, os mapas foram e ainda são utilizados em estratégias de dominação e existem diversas situações que justificam tal afirmação. Além disso, os mapas também são instrumentos de contestação e aparecem como contraponto às distintas estratégias hegemônicas de poder. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo discutir o caráter político desta relação e fortalecer a produção de mapas que possam ser um contraponto ao status quo. Foi realizada revisão bibliográfica para fundamentar a crítica em torno dos mapas e referendar a organização e análise do momento empírico da pesquisa que consistiu em uma experiência formativa em cartografia crítica e mapeamento participativo, realizada junto a jovens estudantes de escola pública da periferia de São Paulo. Como resultado, 09 oficinas foram desenvolvidas, sistematizadas e avaliadas, sendo passíveis de replicação em outros espaços. Fomentar novos atores para a cena cartográfica é fazer oposição a discursos cartográficos dominantes e a escola é um espaço estratégico para tal promoção.The emergence of practices engaged to use maps as instruments of contestation, such as the participatory mapping methodology, combined with theoretical effervescence on criticizing maps, especially from Brian Harley, is critical cartography. Participatory maps come up as a proposal to strengthen the defense of traditional communities, in the context of territorial conflict. Thus, a multitude of experiences and techniques is developed with the purpose of counter hegemonic cartographic representations. Meanwhile, in the theoretical scenario, maps have its character of neutral scientific document questioned and situated in the midst of power relations. Historically, maps were and still are used in strategies of domination and there are several situations that justify such a claim. In addition, the maps are also contesting instruments and appear as a counterpoint to the different hegemonic strategies of power. This research aimed to discuss the political nature of this relationship, and to strengthen the production of maps that can be a counterpoint to the status quo. The scientific literature was reviewed to support the criticism around maps and to endorse the empirical research organization and analysis which consisted of a formative experience in critical and participatory mapping, carried out with young public school students from the outskirts of São Paulo. As a result, nine workshops were developed, systematized and evaluated, being capable of replication in other areas. To promote new players into the mapping scene is to confront and make opposition to the dominant cartographic discourse and the school is a strategic space for such actions.
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Bluck, Emily C. "Mapping Community Mindscapes: Visualizing Social Autobiography as Political Transformation and Mobilization." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/56.
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Historically, autobiography has been used to perpetuate neo-liberal ideologies. Yet, when autobiography becomes social and is used to engage political communities of color, political transformation is possible. This project, through the collaborative visualization of Asian American social biography using pedagogical and relational methods as a means for engagement, seeks to destabilize dominant notions of time and space, and provide a mechanism for the retention of and documentation of institutional, and social histories using the Asian American Student Union at Scripps College as the site for political praxis.
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gao, shenjian, and Yanwen Tan. "Paving the Way for Self-driving Cars - Software Testing for Safety-critical Systems Based on Machine Learning : A Systematic Mapping Study and a Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-15681.
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Context: With the development of artificial intelligence, autonomous vehicles are becoming more and more feasible and the safety of Automated Driving (AD) system should be assured. This creates a need to analyze the feasibility of verification and validation approaches when testing safety-critical system that contains machine learning (ML) elements. There are many studies published in the context of verification and validation (V&V) research area related to safety-critical components. However, there are still blind spots of research to identify which test methods can be used to test components with deep learning elements for AD system. Therefore, research should focus on researching the relation of test methods and safety-critical components, also need to find more feasible V&V testing methods for AD system with deep learning structure. Objectives: The main objectives of this thesis is to understand the challenges and solution proposals related to V&V of safety-critical systems that rely on machine learning and provide recommendations for future V&V of AD based on deep learning, both for research and practice. Methods: We performed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) through a snowballing method, based on the guidelines from Wohlin [1], to identify research on V&V methods development for machine learning. A web-based survey was used to complement the result of literature review and evaluate the V&V challenge and methods for machine learning system. We identified 64 peer-reviewed papers and analysed the methods and challenges of V&V for testing machine learning components. We conducted an industrial survey that was answered by 63 subjects. We analyzed the survey results with the help of descriptive statistics and Chi-squared tests. Result: Through the SLR we identified two peaks for research on V&V of machine learning. Early research focused on the aerospace field and in recent years the research has been more active in other fields like automotive and robotics. 21 challenges during V&V safety-critical systems have been described and 32 solution proposals are addressing the challenges have been identified. To find the relationship between challenges and methods, a classification has been done that seven different type of challenges and five different type of solution proposals have been identified. The classification and mapping of challenges and solution methods are included in the survey questionnaire. From the survey, it was observed that some solution proposals which have attracted much research are not considered as particularly promising by practitioners. On the other hand, some new solution methods like simulated test cases are extremely promising to support V&V for safety-critical systems. Six suggestions are provided to both researchers and practitioners. Conclusion: To conclude the thesis, our study presented a classification of challenges and solution methods for V&V of safety-critical ML-based systems. We also provide a mapping for helping practitioners understand the different kinds of challenges the respective solution methods address. Based on our findings, we provide suggestions to both researchers and practitioners. Thus, through the analysis, we have given the most concern on types of challenges and solution proposals for AD systems that use deep learning, which provides certain help to design processes for V&V of safety-critical ML-based systems in the future.
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Stone, Joshua Scott. "American Ethni/Cities: Critical Geography, Subject Formation, and the Urban Representations of Abraham Cahan, Richard Wright, and James Baldwin." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/501.
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By drawing upon aspects of critical geography to explore three writers' representations of urban space and subject formation, American Ethni/Cities develops and advocates for a new methodological approach to the study of literature. Predicated on theories devised by Henri Lefebvre, David Harvey, Edward Soja, Gil Valentine and other geographically-minded thinkers, this spatially conscious literary practice has the potential to enhance one's understanding of literary texts, power dynamics, identity construction, and the spaces one inhabits. Each of the chapters comprising this study aims to demonstrate what this interdisciplinary partnership between geography and literature can reveal. By focusing on Cahan's representation of Jewish immigrants living on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, Wright's depiction of black migrants adjusting to life in the industrial North, and Baldwin's exploration of masculinity as a socio-spatial construct, each respective case-study draws attention to the relationship between spatial production and subject formation. The overarching hope of American Ethni/Cities is that others will find this inter-disciplinary partnership productive and will subsequently make it their own, thereby producing even greater understandings of how power works in the spaces we read about, create, and inhabit in our own daily lives.
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Green, Kirsty. "Making an atlas of an urban farm : Community mapping as a pedagogical tool in urban environments." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149810.
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Outdoor education in the UK has been growing in popularity and with it a further understanding of its benefits. Research shows that many young people still don’t access natural environments and many educators still struggle with how to provide them. This is particularly prevalent in urban environments where spatial inequality has been linked to a decline in health, well-being and personal development. Community mapping involves a community coming together to create a map of their locality and share local knowledge. This can take many forms. Sometimes it might be a traditional cartographic map while other times it may be stories, sculptures or poems. In this research I explore how community mapping can be used as a pedagogical tool, looking particularly at how it can help educators approach outdoor education in an urban environment. I take a teacher action research approach, inspired by previous art-based approaches to educational inquiry. Through doing a community mapping project with two groups of 8 to 10 year olds on an urban farm in central London I share the visable and often invisible components of our pedagogies, including children’s voices and work as well as the voice of myself and another educators, reflecting on the realities of outdoor education in an urban environment. I discover the cross curricular possibilities that such a project brings, the spaces it opens up for us to learn from children’s voices and the many ways in which community mapping can be used to address aims and goals of the UK primary curriculum. Community mapping can help educators overcome a lack of confidence in how to approach outdoor learning. The child-led nature of projects can allow children and educators to work together to co-create their understanding of the locality, noticing the small details they hadn’t seen before. It can provide a space for educators to learn more about how the young people they work with see the world around them while also providing authentic experiences that can be utilized in wider classroom learning. This research allows other educators to take away what resonates with them, with their experiences and pedagogies, and use these new understandings to enhance their own educational practices in their own settings.
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Jonsson, Egeman Mathilda. "Adapting the lead time tree model to include immaterial activities : Extending the lead time tree model to enable mapping, efficiency evaluation and waste identification in order fulfillment processes." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Produktionsutveckling, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43766.
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Much research regarding efficiency in manufacturing industry has historically been focused on the material activities of the shop floor. However, companies that merely focus on material activities when trying to improve lead times, risk losing potential for improvements within immaterial activities such as planning, engineering, design, and purchasing, which often constitute the most time consuming parts of the order fulfillment processes. Engineer to order (ETO) products are particularly time consuming regarding their immaterial activities, and the customer is waiting for the products from the very beginning of the order fulfillment process. Shortening the lead time to customer for ETO products is therefore important for customer satisfaction. The aim of this study is to adapt an existing lead time tree model currently focused on material activities to also include immaterial activities, enabling a full visualization of all activities contained in order fulfillment processes. The lead time tree model would thereby be able to use as a tool when working on shortening the lead time to customer. A further aim of the study is to investigate how the adapted lead time tree model can be used in further areas as well, in addition to visualizing immaterial activities. The adaption of the lead time tree model has been based on the original literary source of the lead time tree model. The original lead time tree model has been analyzed towards theoretical data from a literature study, and towards empirical data about immaterial activities in order fulfillment processes for ETO products, from the case company Kongsberg Maritime Sweden AB (previously Rolls-Royce AB). The result of this has been an adapted lead time tree model that can visualize immaterial activities. Several adaptions of the original lead time tree model have been made for it to be able to visualize immaterial activities, while still keeping the basics of the original model. The adapted lead time tree model comprises information that is normally kept separated and that is important when planning and improving a process. Additional information that is needed for each specific case can also easily be included in the lead time tree. The adapted lead time tree model has proven to have additional areas of use within project planning, improvement work regarding lead time reduction and root-cause analysis, and as a boundary object for communication between internal actors and between internal and external actors. The adapted lead time tree model is presumably able to map and visualize immaterial activities in other fields of business as well, other than manufacturing, as the nature of immaterial activities remains the same across business environments.
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Shuqair, Noura. "Islamic Patterns as an Allegory for an F-1 Student's Experience in the Context of Global Capitalism: The Aesthetics of Cognitive Mapping as an Approach to Art-Based Research." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703421/.
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Building on Fredric Jameson's critical theory, this dissertation examines how the aesthetics of cognitive mapping were used to uncover overlooked political, economic, social and cultural dimensions behind my artistic engagement with Islamic patterns. Using a critically informed variant of arts-based research (ABR), I explored the complexity of the interconnected economic, social, political and aesthetic realities informing my positionality as a Muslim Saudi female artist/research completing her dissertation in a Western country. Particularly, my work revealed how certain global forces (including capitalist relations between Saudi Arabia and the USA, as well as global postmodern cultural influences) shape the processes of appropriation and re-signification of patterning appropriated from Islamic aesthetics. This research culminated in a body of artwork for a solo exhibition at Paul Voertman's Gallery at the College of Visual Arts and Design at the University of North Texas located in Denton, Texas. I conclude the study with recommendations for a regional ABR to be developed by educators for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The study also suggests that this model of cognitive mapping as a critical art making methodology would be a great pedagogical tool for museums and art education curriculum to implement in Saudi Arabia.
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Sutters, Justin Peter. "Taking Place and Mapping Space: How Pre-Service Art Education Students’ Visual Narratives of Field Experiences in Urban/Inner-City Schools Reveal a Spatial Knowing of Place." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345065866.
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Olofsson, Simon. "$GME To The Moon : Mapping Memetic Discourse as Discursive Strategyin Reddit Trading Community r/WallStreetBets during the GameStop Short Squeeze Saga." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-196319.
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As social media has emerged to become a key site for contemporary communications and cultural production, the internet meme has penetrated every level of social networking online. Albeit being a global phenomenon with pervasive discursive power in a number of fields ranging from humour to international politics and cyber warfare, comparatively little research has been made into how internet memes work on the discursive level of identity formation and their influence on the formation of internet-based social movements. Using Reddit stock market anarchists r/WallStreetBets as case study, this thesis will use Critical Discourse Analysis to analyze how internet memes work on the level of socio-political formations and how their function can be understood in relation to entropic social environments online. This thesis investigates how internet memes are used as a tool for creation of motifs for action, identity markers, connective action, and social narrativization within an ambivalent social movement online. Introducing the novel term ”memetic discourse” as a way to understand memes as transferable units of memetically programmed content, this study shows the potential of memes to act as effective yet unstable modes of communication within networked environments.
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Linna, Anja. "Urban Caring : Finding creative strategies for care-full architectural practices in Norra Sorgenfri, Malmö." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-129307.
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With its starting point in social and community building activities of everyday life, this project seeks a complex understanding of a former industrial site in Malmö - Norra Sorgenfri - its past, present and possible futures. Critical and participatory mappings, speculations, policy making and small-scale interventions are part of the produced material that circulate around the feminist ethics of care, and how it can inform a socially aware architectural practice. The site, a celebrated regeneration project, produces an interstice in relation to the more controlled urban fabric surrounding it. It is more open to diverse modes of occupation and use, accommodating activities and groups that otherwise have a hard time to make a space for themselves in the city. I argue that a feminist ethics of care enables designers and involved participants to make a complex engagement with places. Care can help us to redefine the role of the architect and to alter architectural practice. In the 1980:s Carol Gilligan introduced care as an attached way of human connection, requiring listening and understanding differences and needs. In this light, I define a design practice where sustainability is understood in relation to responsibility and actions oriented towards other people. Urban caring is about carefully seeing and using what is here; the small-scale and subtle that might go unnoticed in planning/architectural projects. My proposals contain how to read, care-fully observe, interpret and act - as an urban-caretaker. Among the design proposals and methods are: critical mapping as a central participatory task, a manual of care as part of the mapping and from an intimate understanding of the site, a series of design tests -strategies, policy making and small-scale interventions- , a manifesto that suggests ways for this knowledge to be transferred to other sites, and the interactive map a care-full companion. Urban caring offers an open-ended process, enabling the site to develop in a number of directions. My role has not been to over-determine what the outcome might be, but instead to facilitate tools of enabling positive change toward possible futures.Projektet strävar efter en komplex förståelse av ett före-detta industriområde i Malmö - Norra Sorgenfri. Det handlar om nya sätt för arkitekter och planerare att arbeta med en känslig plats: att ta hand om existerande egenskaper och villkor, platsens historier och möjliga framtider, samt inte minst de viktiga roller som sociala och samhörighetsskapande vardagsaktiviteter spelar i Norra Sorgenfri idag. Tesen som jag driver är att en feministisk omsorgsetik (ethics of care på engelska) kan möjliggöra ett hållbart engagemang med en plats, mer specifikt här ett industriområde med ett rikt småskaligt kulturliv, och på så sätt forma en socialt ansvarstagande urban praktik. Norra Sorgenfri är ett hyllat urbant utvecklingsprojekt och utgör ett ”mellanrum” i relation till den omgivande mer kontrollerade stadsstrukturen. Platsen är mer öppen för olika användningssätt och ackommoderar aktiviteter och grupper av människor som annars kan ha svårt att göra sin röst hörd i staden. Med hjälp av konceptet care (omsorg) kan arkitektens roll och arkitekturfältet omdefinieras till att bli mer inkluderande och deltagande i samhällsförändringar. På 1980-talet introducerade feministiska etikern Carol Gilligan omsorg som ett mer empatiskt sätt att relatera till andra människor, med fokus på lyssnande och förståelse för skillnader och behov. I detta ljus definierar jag en arkitekturpraktik där hållbarhet förstås utifrån ansvar och handlingar gentemot andra människor. Urban caring handlar om att omsorgsfullt se och använda det som finns här; det småskaliga och subtila som riskerar att gå obemärkt förbi i arkitektur- och planeringsprojekt. Mina förslag innehåller metoder för att läsa, omsorgsfullt observera, tolka och agera – som en urban caretaker. Bland förslagen finns: kritiska kartläggningar som ett centralt sätt att arbeta med deltagandeprocesser, en omsorgsmanual (manual of care) som en del av kartläggningen och utifrån en ingående förståelse av platsen, en serie av designtest – strategier och småskaliga interventioner, ett manifest som föreslår hur kunskapen från detta projekt kan överföras till andra platser, och den interaktiva kartan en omsorgsfull följeslagare (care-full companion).
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Barrett, Ferrier Michelle Paulette. "Patchwork Culture: Quilt Tactics and Digitextuality." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4153.
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Embedded in the quilt top, the fabric patches are relays, time pathways to stories and memories of their former owners. Through the quilts, the voices of the past survive. The stories trace a path of connection between oral traditions, storytelling, the invention of meaning, and the preservation of cultural memory. The theory and method described herein use the quilt patchwork metaphor as the basis for a web interface for designing and modeling knowledge-based graphical, narrative, and multimedia data. More specifically, the method comprises a digital storytelling and knowledge management tool that allows one or more users to create, save, store, and visually map or model digital stories. The method creates a digital network of a community's stories for digital ethnography work. Digital patches that represent the gateway to the stories of an individual are pieced together into a larger quilt design, creating a visual space that yields the voices of its creators at the click of a mouse. Through this narrative mapping, users are able to deal with complexity, ambiguity, density, and information overload. The method takes the traditional quilt use and appropriates it into a digital apparatus so that the user is connected to multiple points of view that can be dynamically tried out and compared. The hypertextual quilting method fulfills the definition of a deconstructive hypertext and emancipatory social science research methodologies by creating a collaborative, polyvocal interface where users have access to the code, content and conduits to rewrite culture's history with subaltern voices. In this digital place of intertextuality, stories are juxtaposed with images in a montage that denies the authority of a single voice and refuses fixed meaning. In dialogue, contestation, and play, the digitextuality of the Digital Story Quilt provides a praxis for critical theory. The Digital Story Quilt method concerns itself with questions of identity, the processes through which these identities are developed, the mechanics of processes of privilege and marginalization and the possibility of political action through narrative performance against these processes.Ph.D.
Department of English
Arts and Humanities
Texts and Technology PhD
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Hamren, Rasmus. "APPLYING UAVS TO SUPPORT THE SAFETY IN AUTONOMOUS OPERATED OPEN SURFACE MINES." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-53376.
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Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an expanding interest in numerous industries for various applications. Increasing development of UAVs is happening worldwide, where various sensor attachments and functions are being added. The multi-function UAV can be used within areas where they have not been managed before. Because of their accessibility, cheap purchase, and easy-to-use, they replace expensive systems such as helicopters- and airplane-surveillance. UAV are also being applied into surveillance, combing object detection to video-surveillance and mobility to finding an object from the air without interfering with vehicles or humans ground. In this thesis, we solve the problem of using UAV on autonomous sites, finding an object and critical situation, support autonomous site operators with an extra safety layer from UAVs camera. After finding an object on such a site, uses GPS-coordinates from the UAV to see and place the detected object on the site onto a gridmap, leaving a coordinate-map to the operator to see where the objects are and see if the critical situation can occur. Directly under the object detection, reporting critical situations can be done because of safety-distance-circle leaving warnings if objects come to close to each other. However, the system itself only supports the operator with extra safety and warnings, leaving the operator with the choice of pressing emergency stop or not. Object detection uses You only look once (YOLO) as main object detection Neural Network (NN), mixed with edge-detection for gaining accuracy during bird-eye-views and motion-detection for supporting finding all object that is moving on-site, even if UAV cannot find all the objects on site. Result proofs that the UAV-surveillance on autonomous site is an excellent way to add extra safety on-site if the operator is out of focus or finding objects on-site before startup since the operator can fly the UAV around the site, leaving an extra-safety-layer of finding humans on-site before startup. Also, moving the UAV to a specific position, where extra safety is needed, informing the operator to limit autonomous vehicles speed around that area because of humans operation on site. The use of single object detection limits the effects but gathered object detection methods lead to a promising result while printing those objects onto a global positions system (GPS) map has proposed a new field to study. It leaves the operator with a viewable interface outside of object detection libraries.
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Oinas, J. (Janne). "The degree theory and the index of a critical point for mappings of the type (S+)." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2007. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514284878.
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Abstract
The dissertation considers a degree theory and the index of a critical point of demi-continuous, everywhere defined mappings of the monotone type.
A topological degree is derived for mappings from a Banach space to its dual space. The mappings satisfy the condition (S+), and it is shown that the derived degree has the classical properties of a degree function.
A formula for the calculation of the index of a critical point of a mapping A : X→X* satisfying the condition (S+) is derived without the separability of X and the boundedness of A. For the calculation of the index, we need an everywhere defined linear mapping A' : X→X* that approximates A in a certain set. As in the earlier results, A' is quasi-monotone, but our situation differs from the earlier results because A' does not have to be the Frechet or Gateaux derivative of A at the critical point. The theorem for the calculation of the index requires a construction of a compact operator T = (A' + Γ)-1Γ with the aid of linear mappings Γ : X→X and A'. In earlier results, Γ is compact, but here it need only be quasi-monotone. Two counter-examples show that certain assumptions are essential for the calculation of the index of a critical point.
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Batista, Sinthia Cristina. "Cartografia geográfica em questão : do chão, do alto, das representações." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/100294.
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En cherchant à explorer la carte dans ses multiples déterminations, le mouvement de la pensée et de la recherche a conduit temporairement pour y penser à partir de la triade: langage, logique et médiation. Actuellement, traduite par le rapport : une « cartographie géographique » - conçue comme une langue qui organise, transmet et envisage une connaissance géographique, la méthode - basée sur la relation entre la logique formelle et matérielle de dévoilement dialectique et les aspects symboliques de la condition spatiale ( de la production / dans l’espace ) et la cartographie communautaire - le processus d'élaboration d' une série de cartes comme pertinentes pour la compréhension de la logique spatiale et appropriation de l'espace , en permettant la pratique de l'autonomie territoriale . Il s’agit d’une approche qui en partant de la théorie critique des représentations de Henri Lefebvre (2006) crispe la matérialisation de la symbolisation et de la production de l'espace sur les cartes, avec le bout d’atteindre la vie de l'espace de la triade espace perçu, conçu et vécu ainsi que des dimensions de sa production : les espaces de représentations, représentations de l'espace et de la pratique sociale. Cette proposition est réalisée dans un processus d’une cartographie communautaire, comprise comme un outil pour les communautés d'engagement (dans son sens de classe) à l'auto- gestion territoriale. Telle compréhension permet l'analyse critique des processus de cartographie participative qui aperçoivent l’élaboration / légitimation de politiques publiques dans un contexte politique qui favorise la participation populaire et les insèrent dans les « décisions prises » en incluant la possibilité de conflit et de lutte, toujours à la recherche d'un consensus pour tous les «secteurs» de la société. Le processus de recherche a permis de comprendre que la participation effective des populations dans les décisions au sujet de leurs propres exigences se fait à travers la lutte, à surmonter la contradiction forgée par le mode de production capitaliste de la condition humaine inégale d'être dans le monde, donc l'évaluation de processus historiques, les conflits, la continuité et les possibilités de la classe sociale. Cette proposition a lieu à partir de deux moments différents, toutefois liés entre eux : 1. La construction d'une pratique pédagogique pour la formation du géographe dont la cartographie géographique dans laquelle est une condition préalable pour le développement du raisonnement spatial, ainsi que pour la compréhension de la carte comme un produit social, qui forge et transmet les représentations de la société qui produit à partir d'une intentionnalité historiquement et spatialement déterminée. Revivifiée par la compréhension de la cartographie des processus que l'établissement des relations différentes entre la connaissance, la puissance et des représentations, ce qui en fait l'instrument de la lutte. 2. La production d'un mémoire sur l’Assentamento Roseli Nunes, au-delà de la compréhension de la carte comme outil de lutte se comporte comme la matérialisation de l'appropriation de l'espace quotidien, ainsi la possibilité de l'autonomie territoriale, en considérant son histoire et sa géographie. Ces moments, réalisés en praxis (en classe et dans le travail communautaire) ont fusionné et sont tombés d'accord que le processus de préparation et l'utilisation de cartes révèle des représentations subjectivisées engendrées objectivement, une pratique sociale qui produit de l'espace, mais aussi la médiation un discours sur la réalité étant objectivée. Par conséquent, la carte comme un instrument de lutte permet la compréhension et la perception d'une logique spatiale quotidienne donnée (comprise dans la relation entre les différentes échelles), tandis que la possibilité de réclamer des conditions objectives pour l'endurance dans l'espace et peut-être la possibilité de transformation sociale.Ao buscar explorar o mapa em suas múltiplas determinações o movimento de pensamento e trabalho de pesquisa conduziu, temporariamente, a pensá-lo a partir da tríade: linguagem, lógica e mediação. Neste momento traduzida pela relação entre: uma ‘Cartografia Geográfica’ – pensada como linguagem que sistematiza, versa e veicula um conhecimento geográfico; o Método - partindo da relação entre as lógicas formal e dialética que desvela as facetas materiais e simbólicas da condição espacial (da produção do/no espaço) e o Mapeamento Comunitário – no processo de elaboração de uma série de mapas como mediação relevante para a compreensão da lógica espacial e apropriação do espaço, possibilitando práticas de autogestão territorial. Trata-se de uma abordagem que a partir da teoria crítica das representações de Henri Lefebvre (2006) tensiona a materialização e simbolização da produção do espaço a partir dos mapas, procurando alcançar a vida da tríade espaço percebido, concebido e vivido, assim como das dimensões de sua produção: os espaços de representações; as representações do espaço e a prática social. Esta proposta realiza-se em um processo de mapeamento comunitário, compreendido como instrumento para o engajamento de comunidades (em seu sentido de classe) à autogestão territorial. Tal compreensão dá-se a partir da análise crítica dos processos de mapeamentos participativos que vislumbram a elaboração/legitimação de políticas públicas inseridos num contexto político que fomenta a participação popular e as insere nas “tomadas decisões” subsumindo a possibilidade do conflito e da luta, sempre em busca de um consenso para todos os “setores” da sociedade. O processo de pesquisa levou ao entendimento de que a participação efetiva do povo nas decisões sobre suas próprias demandas se faz na luta, na superação da contradição forjada pelo modo de produção capitalista da condição humana desigual de ser/estar no mundo, portanto na valorização dos processos históricos, conflitos, permanências e possibilidades da classe social. Esta proposta se realiza a partir de dois momentos distintos, mas inter-relacionados: 1. A construção de uma prática pedagógica para a formação do geógrafo em que a Cartografia Geográfica é ponto de partida para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio espacial, bem como para a compreensão do mapa como produto social, que forja e veicula representações da sociedade que o produz a partir de uma intencionalidade historicamente determinada e espacialmente produzida. Revivificada pela compreensão do mapa como processo que institui diferentes relações entre saber, poder e representações, tornando-o instrumento de luta. 2. A produção de um Memorial do Assentamento Roseli Nunes que para além da compreensão do mapa como instrumento de luta o realiza como materialização da apropriação cotidiana do espaço, portanto na possibilidade da autogestão territorial, considerando sua história e sua geografia. Estes momentos, concretizados em práxis (sala de aula e trabalho comunitário) se fundiram e alcançaram um entendimento de que o processo de elaboração e uso dos mapas revela representações subjetivadas, engendradas objetivamente, de uma prática social que produz espaço, mas que também mediam um discurso sobre a realidade a ser objetivada. Portanto, o mapa como instrumento de luta viabiliza a compreensão e apreensão de uma dada lógica espacial, cotidiana (compreendida na relação entre as diversas escalas) e ao mesmo tempo a possibilidade de reivindicar condições objetivas para a resistência no espaço e quiçá a possibilidade da transformação social.
In seeking to explore the map in its multiple determinations the movement of thought and research led temporarily to think of it from the triad of language, logic and mediation. At this time translated by the ratio : a " Geographical Cartography " - conceived as a language which organizes, conveys and discusses a geographic knowledge , the method - based on the relationship between formal and dialectical logic unveiling material and symbolic aspects of the spatial condition (of production/in space) and the Communitarian Mapping - the process of developing a series of maps as relevant to the understanding of spatial logic and appropriation of space mediating , facilitating the practice of territorial self-government . It is an approach from critical theory of representations of Henri Lefebvre (2006) tenses the materialization of symbolization and production of space from the maps, pursuing the life of the triad perceived space, conceived and lived as well as the dimensions of its production : the spaces of representations , representations of space and social practice . This proposal is realized in a process of communitarian mapping, understood as a tool for engaging communities (in its sense of class) to territorial self-management. This understanding gives the critical analysis of participatory mapping processes that envision the development/legitimation public policies in a political context that promotes popular participation and insert them into the "decisions taken" subsuming the possibility of conflict and struggle, always in search of a consensus for all " sectors " of society . The research process has led to the understanding that the effective participation of people in decisions about their own demands is made through the fight , to overcome the contradiction forged by the capitalist mode of production of unequal human condition of being in the world , therefore the valuation of historical processes , conflict , continuity and possibilities of social class . This proposal takes place from two different times, but inter - related : 1. The construction of a pedagogical practice for geographer formation whose Geographical Cartography is a prerequisite for the development of spatial reasoning , as well as for understanding the map as a social product , forging and conveys representations of the society that produces from an intentionality historically and spatially determined. Revivified by understanding the process map as establishing different relationships between knowledge, power and representations, making it the instrument of struggle. 2. The production of a Memorial of the Settlement Roseli Nunes, which beyond the comprehension of the map as an instrument of struggle performs as the materialization of everyday appropriation of space, so the possibility of territorial self-government, considering its history and its geography. These moments, realized in practice (classroom and community work) merged and reached an understanding that the process of preparation and use of maps reveals subjectivized representations engendered objectively, a social practice that produces space, but also mediate one discourse about reality being objectified. Therefore , the map as an instrument of struggle enables the understanding and perception of a given everyday spatial logic ( understood in the relationship between the various scales ) while the possibility of claiming objective conditions for endurance in space and perhaps the possibility of social transformation.
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Rotella, Antonio. "Fatigue d'un alliage d'aluminium moulé A357-T6 : rôle de la morphologie, de la position des défauts et application à une structure pour le calcul de la durée de vie en fatigue." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0019/document.
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Ces travaux de thèse concernent la caractérisation en fatigue à grand nombre de cycles de l’alliage d’aluminium moulé A357-T6 (AS7G06-T6) en présence de défauts de type retassure. Six coulées ont été produites pour étudier deux familles de défauts : les retassures de type cavité et les retassures de type spongieuse avec un grade de nocivité qui varie entre 2 et 4 (selon la norme ASTM E 2422). La limite de fatigue en traction positive (R = 0.1) a été estimée en fonction de chaque type de défaut pour N = 2∙106 cycles. Des essais ont été également menés sur des éprouvettes dégradées en surface avec un défaut artificiel. Le défaut artificiel est caractérisé par une variation très localisée de la morphologie (usinage au FIB et par EDM) représentative de la microporosité interdendritique. La morphologie locale et globale des défauts naturels est étudiée grâce à des simulations numériques aux éléments finis. Les calculs numériques sont conduits sur la géométrie réelle d’un pore reconstruite à partir d’un scan en μ-CT. Deux géométries équivalentes ont été proposées pour approximer la morphologie d’un défaut naturel : une sphère et un ellipsoïde équivalent d’inertie.L’effet de la position du défaut sur l’évolution des champs mécaniques a été également étudié en conduisant des simulations numériques aux éléments finis sur la géométrie réelle du pore. Deux approches ont été proposés pour simuler un diagramme de type Kitagawa-Takahashi: (i) la Mécanique de la Rupture en Élasticité Linéaire (LEFM) (ii) un critère de fatigue detype Defect Stress Gradient (DSG), les deux modèles ont été testés dans le cas d’un amorçage sur un défaut de surface et interne.Une campagne d’essais de fatigue (R = 0.1) a été conduite à l’échelle d’un composant industriel. Une pièce réalisée par fonderie en A357-T6 a été testée dans une configuration saine et dégradée avec des défauts artificiels de surface. Un critère de type DSG, qui prend en compte l’effet du gradient de contrainte à l’échelle macroscopique de la structure, a été proposé.Le modèle a été validé par un calcul aux éléments finis du composant en utilisant une routine de post traitement des données, qui affiche en sortie la cartographie de la taille admissible du défaut de surface en chaque point du modèle simuléThe purpose of this work is to characterize the high cycle fatigue strength of the A357-T6 (AS7G06-T6) cast aluminum alloy affected by natural casting defects (shrinkages). Six different castings have been manufactured in order to study two shrinkage types: the cavity shrinkages and the sponge shrinkages with a defect grade ranging from 2 to 4 (as defined by the ASTM E2422 standard). High cycle fatigue tests have been carried out in order to estimate the fatigue limit under positive tensile loading (R = 0.1) for each defect type at N = 2∙106 cycles. The effect of the local defect morphology has been investigated performing several fatigue tests on specimens with artificial surface defects characterized by a local morphology modification (FIB and EDM machining). The artificial defect size and morphology is representative of the natural interdendritic porosity. The local and global defect morphology of the natural defects have been studied by means of finite element simulations conducted on the real shrinkage morphology reconstructed from a μ-CT scan. Two equivalent geometries have been proposed to simplify the natural defect morphology: a sphere and an inertia - equivalent ellipsoid.The effect of the defect position on the mechanical filed evolution has also been studied by means of finite element simulations performed on the real defect geometry. The analysis of the Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram has been performedby using two different approaches for both internal and surface defects: (i) the Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM)(ii) the Defect Stress Gradient (DSG) fatigue criterion. An experimental campaign has been performed at a component scale. A casted A357-T6structural component has been tested with two different configurations: as received and degraded with artificial surface defects. A DSG fatigue criterion,taking into account the effect of the stress gradient at the macroscopic scale of the component, has been proposed. The model has been validated by means of finite element simulations using a data post-processing sub-routine that gives as output the critical defect size map at each point of the simulated model
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Conti, William Remo Pedroso. "Teorema Central do Limite para o modelo O(N) de Heisenberg hierárquico na criticalidade e o papel do limite N -> infinito na dinâmica dos zeros de Lee-Yang." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-26082008-093457/.
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Neste trabalho estabelecemos o Teorema Central do Limite para o modelo O(N) de Heisenberg hierárquico na criticalidade via equação a derivadas parciais no limite N -> infinito. Por simplicidade consideramos apenas o caso d = 4, sendo o teorema também válido para d > 4. Pelo estudo de uma dada equação a derivadas parciais (EDP) determinamos a temperatura inversa crítica do modelo esférico hierárquico contínuo para um d > 2 qualquer, havendo conexão entre criticalidade e o ponto fixo da EDP. Por meio de uma análise geométrica da trajetória crítica obtemos informações sobre a dinâmica e distribuição dos zeros de Lee-Yang.In this work we stablish the Central Limit Theorem for the hierarchical O(N) Heisenberg model at criticality via partial differential equation in the limit N -> infinity. For simplicity we only treat the d = 4 case but the theorem is still valid for d > 4. By studying a given partial differential equation (PDE) we determine for any d > 2 the critical inverse temperature of the continuum hierarchical spherical model, and we show a connection between criticality and the fixed point of PDE. By means of a geometric analysis of the critical trajectory we obtain some informations about Lee-Yang zeros´s dynamics and distribution.
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Watkins, Derek, and Derek Watkins. "Digital Facets of Place: Flickr's Mappings of the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12442.
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Human social interactions imbue the world with meaning, transforming abstract spaces into lived places. Given the digital conduits of much modern social interaction, online narratives increasingly affect material places. Yet the emerging glut of online information demands new methods of investigating place narratives at multiple scales. Drawing on novel geographic visualizations of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of photographs of the U.S.-Mexico borderlands posted on the website Flickr, this study shows that online portrayals are 1) highly uneven in terms of distribution, visibility, and content, 2) fundamentally influenced by "real-world" geographies, 3) often culturally reductive, and 4) made to appear unduly exhaustive by the naturalizing visual slant of the internet as a medium of communication. These processes stand to influence how places are constructed in the information age, especially given the presence of "digital divides" that work against internet access for much of the world's population.
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Mlynarčík, Štefan. "Puerto Argentino, inhabited by the pirates and drunkards of the royalty." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta výtvarných umění, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-396099.
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Objectivity and neutrality of current makers of online maps is hampered by the fact that the most important of them who form the public opinion are largely commercial giants. Sensitivity of approaches is desirable especially in specific situations involving territorial disputes. The textual part of the thesis brings theoretical insights to the problematics of map makers policies and their preservation or violation. At the same time is describes critical cartography as a current opposition against governmental and cooperative mapping, of which counter-mapping processes are regularly used in art, too. Practical outcome attempts to reflect specific approaches of map makers depending on particular territorial disputes. It takes place mostly in online environment, using the functions of Google Street View or Google Earth and forms of counter-mapping on the OSM platform. The goal is to bring alternative realities complicating map makers policies and governing apparatus to map projects with the international coverage.
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Ritschard, Lucille. "Représentations spatiales et Processus de Gestion Intégrées des Zones Côtières (GIZC) : application à deux territoires côtiers bretons." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0019/document.
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La thèse interroge les usages des représentations spatiales (cartes, simulations, représentations 3D…), considérés par la littérature comme étant indispensables à tout processus de Gestion intégrée des Zones côtières (GIZC). L’objectif de ce travail est donc de comprendre comment ces supports participent à la mise en oeuvre et à l’organisation de cette politique publique à l’échelle locale.Pour cela, deux cas d’études ont été retenus (Pays de Brest et Pays de Lorient). Une méthodologie ethnographique a été mise en place afin d’observer les représentations spatiales en situation d’usage. Ainsi, les circonstances, les objectifs et les modalités d’usages des représentations spatiales sont analysés tout comme les interactions qu’elles provoquent chez les acteurs, facilitant (ou non) le passage d’une étape du processus à une autre étape. Prenant appui sur la sociologie de la traduction, le corpus analysé est constitué de 15 observations non participantes, de 24 entretiens semi-directifs réalisés avec chaque catégorie d’acteurs impliqués dans les démarches ainsi que d'un recueil de 300 documents (comptes rendus, diaporamas …), dont 115 représentations spatiales.Les résultats révèlent que les parties prenantes engagées dans les deux processus de GIZC prennent peu appui sur les potentialités offertes par les Technologies de l’Information Géographique (TIG). En outre, il est observé que les usages des représentations spatiales sont principalement destinés à construire et à stabiliser le jeu d’acteurs, plus qu’à organiser le territoire ainsi que la littérature les décrit. Enfin, les statuts des représentations spatiales (inscriptions, objets intermédiaires, actants) sont peu diversifiés, puisque les représentations spatiales ayant le statut d’objets intermédiaires sont prédominantesThis thesis investigates the usages of spatial representations (maps, simulations, 3D representations…) described in the literature as essential to any process of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). The aim is to understand how spatial representations contribute to implementing and organising ICZM processes at a local scale.An ethnographic methodology is implemented in two case studies in France (Brest and Lorient) in order to observe spatial representations in concrete and tangible situations of uses. Circumstances, goals and uses conditions are analysed as well as interactions that they induce with stakeholders, contributing (or not) to move on the process to a next step. We used the actor network’s theory to analysed a corpus made of 15 non-participating observatories, 24 semi-structured interviews with the stakeholders and 300 documents (reports, slides show…) including 115 spatial representations.The results show that the ICZM’s stakeholders use only a few potentialities offered by the Geographic Information Technologies. Furthermore, spatial representation’s uses are mainly intended to construct and stabilise the actor’s network rather than to organise the territory as generally described in the literature.Finally, the spatial representation’s status (inscriptions, intermediary objects, actants) vary slightly. Indeed, spatial representations are mainly used as intermediary objects, helping stakeholders to collaborate
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Greenhorn, Beth. "An art critic at the ringside, mapping the public and private lives of Pearl McCarthy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq26897.pdf.
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Greenhorn, Beth (Beth Renee) Carleton University Dissertation Art History. "An art critic at the ringside: mapping the public and private lives of Pearl McCarthy." Ottawa, 1996.
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Vogt, Janis. "Dissecting the molecular mechanisms of the TGF-ß/BMP signal transduction pathways : mapping new players and critically assessing established tools." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/97a9ad99-53ee-48d1-95e0-ad7d64bc7da7.
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Heinzlef, Charlotte. "Modélisation d'indicateurs de résilience urbaine face au risque d'inondation : co-construction d'un système spatial à la décision pour contribuer à l'opérationnalisation du concept de résilience Assessing and mapping urban resilience to floods with respect to cascading effects through critical infrastructure networks » Operationalizing urban resilience to floods in embanked territories – Application in Avignon, Provence Alpes Côte d’azur region A spatial decision support system for enhancing resilience to floods. Bridging resilience modelling and geovisualization techniques Operating urban resilience strategies to face climate change and associated risks: some advances from theory to application in Canada and France." Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG1197.
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Dans un contexte de dérèglement climatique, d’augmentation des inondations en milieu urbain,d’augmentation des incertitudes, les gestionnaires urbains sont obligés d’innover pour concevoir des stratégies de gestion des risques adéquates. Parmi ces stratégies, rendre les villes résilientes est devenu un impératif. Le concept de résilience est un concept pluridisciplinaire qui définit la capacité d’un système à absorber une perturbation et à récupérer ses fonctions par la suite. Cette notion renvoie à une innovation technique, urbaine, sociale, architecturale, économique et politique et enjoint à une remise en question des stratégies traditionnelles de gestion du risque. Cette injonction à l’innovation s’adapte parfaitement à la complexité urbaine, économique, politique, sociale, écologique du monde contemporain. De ce fait, le concept de résilience s’intègre aux enjeux d’étalement urbain et aux risques associés. Pourtant, malgré cette adéquation théorique et conceptuelle, la résilience demeure complexe à intégrer dans les pratiques des urbanistes et acteurs territoriaux. Sa multitude de définitions et d’approches a favorisé son abstraction et son manque d’opérationnalisation. Face à ce constat, cette recherche se propose de répondre à ces lacunes opérationnelles en construisant un système spatial d’aide à la décision afin de clarifier et favoriser l’intégration du concept dans les pratiques urbaines. L’idée défendue est que la résilience urbaine incarne les aptitudes et capacités d’une ville et de sa population à mettre en place avant, pendant et après un événement perturbateur de façon à en limiter les impacts négatifs. Ce positionnement scientifique permet donc d’analyser la résilience urbaine sur un long pas de temps, mettant en avant des capacités proactives que le système urbain doit développer de façon à (ré) agir face à l’inondation. Ce travail s’est appuyé sur un partenariat socio-économique avec la Ville d’Avignon et son Service SIG (Système d’Information Géographique). L’approche a permis de construire trois indicateurs de mesure afin d’aborder la résilience urbaine, technique et social. Ces indicateurs ont permis d’acquérir des informations sur les variables définissant des potentiels de résilience qui favoriseraient l’émergence d’une réponse adéquate face à une inondation urbaine. L’utilisation de techniques de géovisualisation a permis de favoriser la visualisation des traitements et des résultats afin d’expliciter la démarche auprès des gestionnaires urbains. Parallèlement, des ateliers de concertation ont été montés afin de présenter et discuter des résultats obtenus grâce aux indicateurs avec les responsables et gestionnaires des infrastructures critiques.La co-construction de ces indicateurs, afin de construire une analyse et une connaissance autour de la résilience urbaine, suivis de la mise en place d’ateliers avec les acteurs du territoire, afin de favoriser le processus décisionnel territorial, a permis de développer une culture de résilience. Ce système spatial d’aide à la décision a donc permis la mutualisation des connaissances théoriques et pratiques autour des questions de risques urbains et de résilience afin de parvenir à un consensus nécessaire pour la prise de décision et l’opérationnalisation de la résilienceIn a context of climate change, increased urban flooding and increased uncertainty, urbanmanagers are forced to innovate to design appropriate risk management strategies. Among thesestrategies, making cities resilient has become an imperative. The concept of resilience is amultidisciplinary concept that defines the ability of a system to absorb a disturbance and then recoverits functions. This concept refers to technical, urban, social, architectural, architectural, economic andpolitical innovation and calls into question traditional risk management systems. This injunction toinnovation is perfectly adapted to the urban, economic, political, social and ecological complexity ofthe contemporary world. As a result, the concept of resilience is integrated with urban sprawl issues andassociated risks. However, despite this theoretical and conceptual adequacy, resilience remains complexto integrate into the practices of urban planners and territorial actors. Its multitude of definitions andapproaches have contributed to its abstraction and lack of operationalization.In response to this observation, this research aims to address these operational gaps by buildinga spatial decision support system to clarify and promote the integration of the concept into urbanpractices. The idea behind this approach is that urban resilience embodies the abilities and capacities ofa city and its population to develop before, during and after a disruptive event in order to limit itsnegative impacts. This scientific positioning therefore makes it possible to analyze urban resilience as acontinuum, highlighting proactive capacities that the urban system must develop in order to (re)act inthe face of flooding. This work was based on a socio-economic partnership with the City of Avignonand its GIS Service (Geographic Information System). The approach made it possible to build threemeasurement indicators to address the urban, technical and social resilience of the Avignon area. Theseindicators have made it possible to acquire information on the variables defining potential resilience thatwould foster the emergence of an adequate response to a natural disaster and more precisely to an urbanflood. The use of geovisualization techniques has made it possible to visualize treatments and results inorder to explain the approach to urban managers. At the same time, consultation workshops were heldto present and discuss the results obtained through the indicators with critical infrastructure managersand managers.The co-construction of these indicators, in order to build an analysis and knowledge aroundurban resilience, followed by the implementation of workshops with stakeholders in the territory, inorder to promote the territorial decision-making process, has made it possible to develop a culture ofresilience. This spatial decision support system has therefore made it possible to pool theoretical andpractical knowledge on urban risk and resilience issues in order to reach the consensus necessary fordecision-making and the operationalization of resilience
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SILVA, Antônio Márcio Pereira. "Estudos sobre o modelo O(N) na rede quadrada e dinâmica de bolhas na célula de Hele-Shaw." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2013. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17187.
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CNPq
No presente trabalho duas classes de problemas são abordadas. Primeiramente, são apresentados estudos computacionais sobre o modelo O(n) de spins na rede quadrada, e em seguida apresentamos novas soluções exatas para a dinâmica de bolhas na célula de Hele-Shaw. O estudo do modelo O(n) é feito utilizando sua representação em laços (cadeias fechadas), a qual é obtida a partir de uma expansão para altas temperaturas. Nesse representação, a função de partição do modelo possui uma expansão diagramática em que cada termo depende do número e comprimento total de laços e do número de (auto)interseções entre esses laços. Propriedades críticas do modelo de laços O(n) são obtidas através de conceitos oriundos da teoria de percolação. Para executar as simulações Monte Carlo, usamos o eficiente algoritmo WORM, o qual realiza atualizações locais através do movimento da extremidade de uma cadeia aberta denominada de verme e não sofre com o problema de "critical slowing down". Para implementar esse algoritmo de forma eficiente para o modelo O(n) na rede quadrada, fazemos uso de um nova estrutura de dados conhecida como listas satélites. Apresentamos estimativas para o ponto crítico do modelo para vários valores de n no intervalo de 0 < n ≤ 2. Usamos as estatísticas de laços e vermes para extrair, respectivamente, os expoentes críticos térmicos e magnéticos do modelo. No estudo de dinâmica de interfaces, apresentamos uma solução exata bastante geral para um arranjo periódico de bolhas movendo-se com velocidade constante ao longo de uma célula de Hele-Shaw. Usando a periodicidade da solução, o domínio relevante do problema pode ser reduzido a uma célula unitária que contém uma única bolha. Nenhuma imposição de simetria sobre forma da bolha é feita, de modo que a solução é capaz de produzir bolhas completamente assimétricas. Nossa solução é obtida por métodos de transformações conformes entre domínios duplamente conexos, onde utilizamos a transformação de Schwarz-Christoffel generalizada para essa classe de domínios.
In this thesis two classes of problems are discussed. First, we present computational studies of the O(n) spin model on the square lattice and determine its critical properties, whereas in the second part of the thesis we present new exact solutions for bubble dynamics in a Hele-Shaw cell. The O(n) model is investigated by using its loop representation which is obtained from a high-temperature expansion of the original model. In this representation, the partition function admits an diagrammatic expansion in which each term depends on the number and total length of loops (closed graphs) as well as on the number of intersections between these loops. Critical properties of the O(n) model are obtained by employing concepts from percolation theory. To perform Monte Carlo simulations of the model, we use the WORM algorithm, which is an efficient algorithm that performs local updates through the motion of one of the ends (called head) of an open chain (called worm) and hence does not suffer from “critical slowing down”. To implement this algorithm efficiently for the O(n) model on the square lattice, we make use of a new data structure known as a satellite list. We present estimates for the critical point of the model for various values of n in the range 0 < n ≤ 2. We use the statistics about the loops and the worm to extract the thermal and magnetic critical exponents of the model, respectively. In our study about interface dynamics, we present a rather general exact solution for a periodic array of bubbles moving with constant velocity in a Hele-Shaw cell. Using the periodicity of the solution, the relevant domain of the problem can be reduced to a unit cell containing a single bubble. No symmetry requirement is imposed on the bubble shape, so that the solution is capable of generating completely asymmetrical bubbles. Our solution is obtained by using conformal mappings between doubly-connected domains and employing the generalized Schwarz-Christoffel formula for this class of domains.
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Parker, Brenda K. "Community mapping an answer for critical geographers? /." 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/50147710.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2002.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-71).
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Rattray, Michael Frederick. "Mapping the post-colonial landscape project : a critical analysis." Thesis, 2008. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/975991/1/MR45711.pdf.
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This thesis examines how "The Post-Colonial Landscape Project" exhibition program contributed to a further understanding of the history of colonialism in Canada. Specifically, it critically engages and analyzes three exhibitions contained within the project: "The Post-Colonial Landscape: A Billboard Exhibition"; "Ruth Cuthand: Location/Dislocation"; and "Christos Dikeakos: Sites & Place Names: Vancouver/Saskatoon." These exhibitions were selected because the works included maintained a visual and theoretical correlation to one another. Discourse analysis is deployed to discuss the theoretical frameworks used by the curators and critics of the exhibitions. At issue in the thesis is the totalizing goal of the colonial project, which is intrinsically tied to European capitalism and seeks to reintegrate and translate all things to laws of profit. An economic order is supplanted over any and all kinds of differing conceptions of order, to translate all modes of production into an end-goal of naturalization and totalization. The colonial project, tied to capitalism, seeks to naturalize itself so that it appears not as a construction, but a natural function and logical extension of the operations of the earth. However, in the context of the exhibition project discussed, I argue the overlying structure engaged by the select exhibitions discussed is representative of an intervention through artistic practice and institutional activism that destabilizes the dominant order. This thesis thus intends to provide the first critical study on "The Post-Colonial Landscape Project" and elaborate on its significance for furthering assessments on the history of 1990s exhibition practices in Canada.