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Kiguli, Susan Nalugwa. "Personal Reflections on Teaching Literature." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no. 5 (October 2016): 1531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.5.1531.
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In An Essay Titled “The Future of Criticism,” Edward W. Said Made a Remark That I First Took to Be a Platitude: “Criticism exists only because critics practice it. It is neither an institution nor, strictly speaking, a discipline” (165). On further thought, I began to see the strength of this assertion and the implication that practices cultivate continuity and certain ways of seeing. People are in many ways products of their historical and cultural contexts. For example, while I initially resisted starting my reflections on teaching literature by discussing how I was taught the subject in my early years, I know that my story will be incomplete if I do not at least devote a paragraph or two to that experience.
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Caws, Mary Ann, Richard Dellamora, Stephanie Sandler, Karl Kroeber, Thomas M. Greene, Norman Friedman, Richard Flores, Ruth Perry, David Simpson, and Terry Caesar. "Problems with Personal Criticism." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 111, no. 5 (October 1996): 1160–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/463157.
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Fernald, Anne. "A Room of One's Own, Personal Criticism, and the Essay." Twentieth Century Literature 40, no. 2 (1994): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/441801.
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Syofyan, Donny. "Literary Criticism In The Post-Truth Era." Andalas International Journal of Socio-Humanities 1, no. 1 (June 27, 2019): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/aijosh.1.1.25-36.2019.
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Post truth relates to circumstances whereby objective facts are less influential in shaping the opinion of the public, rather appealing to personal belief and emotion. Post truth era is bordering a blurry line between lies and truths, dishonesty and honesty, nonfiction and fiction. The entire phenomenon of post truth is about an individual’s opinion being worth more than the facts. As such, the present paper seeks to understand new insights or perspectives in literary criticism in the post truth era. The criticism of the literature was always based on broad schools of thoughts/theories, which were employed for many centuries. Some of the traditional approaches the paper highlights include: formalistic criticism, biographical criticism, historical criticism, gender criticism, psychological criticism, sociological criticism, mythological criticism, reader-response criticism, and deconstructionist criticism. Equally, the paper extensively analyzes some of the new perspectives or insights to literary criticism in the post truth era: reflective approach, didactic approach, partisan approach, and religious approach. In reflective approach to literature criticism in the post truth era, the meaning in the literature is reflected by the outside of its own being. On the other hand, in didactic approach to literature criticism, truth and meaning is taught in the literature. Moreover, in partisan approach to literature criticism, there is the truthful meaning that is already known and can be found in the literature. Lastly, in the religious approach to literature criticism in post truth era, the meaning and truth is the literature itself, while the outside world has nothing to do with it.
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Ruvoli, JoAnne. "Metaphors, Mamma, and Meatballs: Personal Storytelling in the Criticism of Italian American Literature." MELUS 43, no. 1 (2018): 134–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlx083.
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Caballero Wangüemert, María. "Al hilo de la literatura latinoamericana: estudios literarios/estudios culturales / To the thread of Latin American literature: literary studies / cultural studies." Kamchatka. Revista de análisis cultural., no. 9 (August 31, 2017): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/kam.9.9932.
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Resumen: El presente trabajo constituye un recorrido bibliográfico por la crítica y la teoría literaria hispanoamericana de los últimos 50 años, sin afán de exhaustividad, como tarea colectiva (congresos etc) y personal. Sus hitos más significativos son: cómo se formó y fue derivando el canon literario en Hispanoamérica. Las teorías postcoloniales y su aplicación al Nuevo Mundo. Las orientaciones de la crítica y la teoría literaria en / sobre Latinoamérica. La irrupción y pervivencia de los estudios culturales. Nuevas modas críticas: estudios transatlánticos, tecno escritura, ecocrítica, crítica genética... Palabras clave: canon, crítica literaria, teoría literaria, teorías postcoloniales, estudios culturales.Abstract: The present work constitutes a bibliographical route by the criticism and the Hispano-American literary theory of the last 50 years. Its author did not pretendan exhaustiveness, but a collective task of congresses etc. Its most significant milestones are: how the literary canon was formed and was derived in Spanish America. Postcolonial theories and their application to the New World. The orientations of the critic and the literary theory in / on Latin America. The irruption and survival of cultural studies. New critical fads: transatlantic studies, tecno writing, ecocritics, genetic criticism …Keywords: Canon, literary criticism, literary theory, postcolonial theories, cultural studies.
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Cancel, Robert. "Literary Criticism as Social Philippic and Personal Exorcism: Ngugi wa Thiong'o's Critical Writings." World Literature Today 59, no. 1 (1985): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40140527.
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Enslen, Joshua Alma. "Between diplomacy and letters: a sketch of Manuel de Oliveira Lima's search for a Brazilian identity." História (São Paulo) 24, no. 2 (2005): 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-90742005000200010.
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Manuel de Oliveira Lima as an important diplomat of the First Republic in Brazil reflects on an individual, national, and universal plane the convergence of politics and literature. His writing demonstrates an explicit attempt to construct a national identity that emanates not only between literature and diplomacy, but also between the personal and the historical, as well as, the foreign and the national. This paper analyzes brief examples of his criticism, personal correspondence, and fiction that demonstrate the convergence of these fields.
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Moy, Olivia Loksing. "From Hampstead to Buenos Aires and Beyond: Anticipating Worlds in Julio Cortázar’s Imagen de John Keats." Comparative Literature 72, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 439–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00104124-8537764.
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Abstract In the 1950s, the Argentinian author Julio Cortázar (1914–84) composed Imagen de John Keats, a little-known work that merges his own life with that of the British Romantics. Part biography and part autobiography, it includes personal essays and literary criticism that weave through the poems, life, and letters of Keats from his early youth to death. This article positions Imagen de John Keats as an important case study in world literature criticism. It demonstrates how Cortázar was not only a Latin American Boom writer who enjoyed international fame but also an idiosyncratic practitioner of reading and writing methods that transcend nation and period. Modeling innovative techniques that the author calls “automatic translation” and “global close reading,” Cortázar anticipates some of the problems recently voiced in critical debates surrounding world literature. Imagen de John Keats is simultaneously an example of world literature that blends fiction and nonfiction, and a model for world literature criticism.
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Justickis, Viktoras. "Balancing Personal Data Protection with Other Human Rights and Public Interest: Between Theory and Practice." Baltic Journal of Law & Politics 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 140–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjlp-2020-0006.
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Abstract The role of balancing in the development and application of European data protection is enormous. European courts widely use it; it is the basis for harmonization of pan-European and national laws, plays a crucial role in everyday data protection. Therefore, the correctness of a huge number of critical decisions in the EU depends on the perfection of the balancing method. However, the real ability of the balancing method to cope with this mission has been subjected to intense criticism in the scientific literature. This criticism has highlighted its imperfections and casts doubt on its suitability to optimize the relation between competing rights. Paradoxically, the everyday practice of balancing tends to ignore this criticism. The limitations of the balancing method are typically not discussed and are not taken into account when considering legal cases and solving practical issues. Thus, it is tacitly assumed that the shortcomings and limitations of the balancing method, which the criticism points out, are irrelevant when making real-life decisions. This article discusses the scope of this phenomenon, its manifestations, and its impact on the quality of data protection decisions based on the balancing method:sub-optimality of these decisions, their opacity, public dissatisfaction with the legal regulation, its instability and low authority The ways of bridging the gap between the practice of balancing and science and broader consideration by the practice of the shortcomings of the balancing method identified during scientific discussions are considered.
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Brown, Howard Mayer. "Recent Research in the Renaissance: Criticism and Patronage*." Renaissance Quarterly 40, no. 1 (1987): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2861832.
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The book that everyone in musicology is talking about this year—not just those of us working in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries—is Joseph Kerman's Contemplating Music (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1985; called simply Musicology in the English edition). In it, Kerman argues against what he calls positivism, which he defines as a rigid and non-judgmental pursuit of dry facts, and in favor of the higher criticism, by which he seems to mean analysis—or at least some penetrating discussion of the way individual pieces work and what makes them great—informed by a sense of history and written in a humanistic style, with a personal commitment on the part of the author to the quality of the music with which he is concerned.
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Zaluchu, Sonny Eli. "Dinamika Hoax, Post-Truth dan Response Reader Criticism di Dalam Rekonstruksi Kehidupan Beragama." Religió: Jurnal Studi Agama-agama 10, no. 1 (April 12, 2020): 98–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/religio.v10i1.1310.
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This research is conducted through literature review to expose and analyze hoax phenomenon, post-truth paradigm, and reader-response criticism. This paper aims to elucidate the social extent to which hoaxes are formed as a result of the presence of post-truth paradigm in the mind of information waves as well as the impact of the digital revolution. The phenomenon will be described through hermeneutical method using reader-response criticism approach in the context of religious life. The research found that spiritual life can be developed in the right way through media-literacy, besides the spread of hoaxes, disinformation, and truth-oriented personal beliefs rather than facts.
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Danker, Stephanie, Karin Tollefson-Hall, and Allyson Newman. "Themes, links and public forums: Developing student art criticism research projects through blogs." Journal of Teaching and Learning with Technology 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/jotlt.v4n2.13136.
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This article describes how the use of blogs to facilitate student research projects in a university art criticism class proved beneficial to both students and instructors. The results of surveys administered to students during the semester and at the conclusion of the course demonstrate positive learning outcomes as a result of modifications to an existing art criticism course to include personal blogs. The authors include the co-teachers of the course and a former student, reflecting on her experience several semesters after the conclusion of the course. Relative literature, course design and students’ opinions of blogging as a course requirement, as well as benefits and challenges encountered in the process are addressed.
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Nsiri, Imed. "Narrating the Self: The Amalgamation of the Personal and the Impersonal in Eliot’s and Adonis’ Poetry." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 9, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.2p.104.
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This article demonstrates how the self—reference to personal stories—infiltrates some, if not most, of the poems by two renowned modernist poets and literary critics: the American/Englishman T. S. Eliot and the Syrian/Lebanese ʿAlī Aḥmad Saʿīd, popularly known as Adūnīs or Adonis. The article compares the two poets’ depictions of the personal and the impersonal in poetry, and it reaffirms the great influence that Eliot’s poetry has on Adūnīs and other Arab modernist poets. While Eliot’s criticism discourages any biographical reading of his poetry, Adūnīs holds a different view by openly acknowledging the inclusion or existence of the personal in his poetry. Adūnīs’ poetry, in particular, stresses the link between texts and historical figures in the realm of literature.
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Kirk, David. "Curriculum Work in Physical Education: Beyond the Objectives Approach?" Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 12, no. 3 (April 1993): 244–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.12.3.244.
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Objectives are widely used in physical education curriculum work, though the effectiveness of their use varies. Specific and behavioral objectives continue to be advocated by physical education curriculum writers despite many wide-ranging criticisms. A particular criticism is that objectives trivialize educational processes and celebrate convergent learning outcomes. In this essay, a range of advocacies on how best to approach physical education curriculum work is reviewed. A number of limitations of the objectives approach are identified. These limitations are highlighted through a review of literature and through a case study, which examines some of the practical consequences of institutionalizing an objectives approach. It is suggested that the notion of curriculum work as craft presents an alternative to the use of objectives. Curriculum work as craft involves systematic and reflective processes promoting individuality and personal involvement in teaching and learning. This approach also creates the possibility of divergent learning outcomes.
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Børdahl, Vibeke. "Before Silence: Qin Zhaoyang'." China Quarterly 110 (June 1987): 231–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000019895.
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The Chinese author, Qin Zhaoyang (b. 1916) belongs to the “lost generation” of writers who were silenced as early as 1957, after the Hundred Flowers Movement. Although he is best known for his literary criticism in the famous article “Xianshizhuyi - guangkuo de daolu” (“Realism - the broad path”), published in Renmin wenxue (People's Literature) in September 1956,1 the most important part of his creative work consists of short stories and novels. During the 1940s and 1950s Qin produced some of his finest stories with a humour and personal tone that are unusual for mainland literature of the period.
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Balázs, Imre József. "The Sovietization of Creative Writing in Romania. The Role of the Mihai Eminescu School of Literature and Literary Criticism (1950–1955)." Hungarian Studies Yearbook 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hsy-2020-0004.
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Abstract Within the paradigm of socialist realism, one of the means of introducing new models of producing literature in Romania and other neighbouring countries was the Soviet idea and practice of literary training. In the Romanian context, the Mihai Eminescu School of Literature and Literary Criticism from Bucharest was intended to produce the new, young generation of writers that would articulate the new system of values. Reports about the School show that the social origin of the students was carefully monitorized, and ethnic diversity also played a role in the process of the sovietization of the whole Romanian literary field. The personal level of experiencing the cultural and political practice of the School shows the possibilities and also the limitations of the project. The paper examines the history of the School through official party documents and also personal accounts, in order to analyze the particular strategies and also the difficulties of adapting certain Soviet institutional models within the Romanian context.
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Kitnick, Alex. "I, etcetera." October 166 (November 2018): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00332.
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Over the past few years there has been a marked use of the first-person singular in a broad range of cultural practices, including contemporary art, literature, and criticism. Although it goes by any number of names—autobiography, autofiction, confession, epistle, memoir, personal essay—which each have a specific history and structure, its increased use in our current moment suggests a common impulse and points to a novel conception of the author that is represented in the work of Moyra Davey, Chris Kraus, and Maggie Nelson.
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Diak, Alicja, Joanna Sułkowska, Ilona Kuźmicz, Iwona Malinowska-Lipień, Agnieszka Gniadek, and Tomasz Brzostek. "Coaching in the professional and personal development of nurses." Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pielxxiw-2020-0005.
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AbstractIntroduction. Shortage of nurses reported in the EU (European Union) among other causes is related to: non-attractive work conditions, lack of willingness to take up job as a nurse (despite their education), and high risk of professional burnout. Encouraging graduates to take up a job in the profession and remain is a challenge for employers and institutions involved in the problems of modern nursing. Teaching nurses how to: protect themselves from professional burnout, how to combine career ambitions, family needs and above all personal satisfaction is of utmost importance. Amongst possible solutions which enhance planning of career and personal development in a deliberate manner, as is the case in other professions, it may be worth considering the support of a coach.Aim. Analysis of the professional situation of nurses in the context of need for individual development using the coaching method.Method. A method of analysis and criticism of the literature was used.Conclusions and results. Coaching gives an opportunity for conscious planning process of nurse professional development in synchrony with needs and expectations for personal, family and social life. Better stress management, maintaining work-life balance and professional burnout prevention are benefits provided by this approach.
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Arac, Jonathan. "Joseph Frank." boundary 2 47, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-8193196.
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Joseph Frank (1918–2013) achieved fame as a literary scholar first with his three-part essay “Spatial Form in Modern Literature” (1945) and then with his five-volume critical biography Dostoevsky (1976–2002). This essay traces his career, emphasizing its divergence from the practices both of New Criticism at its start and of the theory movement in the 1970s and 1980s, and noting the crucial role played by Allen Tate and the Sewanee Review. Unfashionable independence, fidelity to personal fascination, and unremitting effort all play a role in scholarly accomplishment.
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Stevenson, Tom. "Antony as ‘Tyrant’ in Cicero's First Philippic." Ramus 38, no. 2 (2009): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048671x00000576.
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This paper is concerned with the impact made on Mark Antony by Cicero'sFirst Philippic. Although the speech outwardly maintains a conciliatory attitude, it certainly upset Antony. Scholars have noted criticism of Antony in theFirst Philippic, both political and personal in character, which would not have pleased him. The following discussion argues that there are numerous associations with the stock figure of the ‘tyrant’ which would have been displeasing too. Such a vein of criticism in effect bridges the personal and political dimensions in potentially devastating fashion.TheFirst Philippicwas delivered in difficult circumstances. Brutus and Cassius sent a letter to Antony on 4 August 44 BCE and concluded with a stark warning:neque, quam diu uixerit Caesar, sed quam non diu regnarit, fac cogites(‘keep in mind not the length of Caesar's life but the short time he ruled [sc. as a tyrant]’, Cic.Fam.11.3). On 1 September, the senate met to consider a proposal which would have seen an extra day in honour of the deified Caesar added to all public thanksgivings (Cic.Phil.1.13, 2.110). Antony was angered by Cicero's failure to attend the meeting. He apparently left Rome later that day for Tibur. His consular colleague Dolabella summoned a meeting of the senate ‘for the next day, and this time Cicero attended. It was at the meeting of 2 September that Cicero delivered hisFirst Philippic. In comparison to later speeches in thePhilippicscorpus, theFirst Philippichas seemed to many a moderate and polite speech that concentrated upon Antony's political behaviour and left the door ajar for future cooperation. It certainly contrasts greatly with theSecond Philippic, which is well known for its bitter and sustained personal invective. Nonetheless, theFirst Philippicwas enough to make Antony angry and it is worth re-examining the reasons for this reaction. In particular, allusions inPhilippic1 to Antony as a tyrant and to death as the fate of tyrants, especially in the wake of Caesar's assassination, were probably interpreted by contemporaries as more sinister threats than they have generally been recognised to be by modern readers.
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Kuzubas, Muhammet. "Within the context of sociological criticism theory, a literary work from the 17th century; Nefhatü’l-Ezhâr." Technium Social Sciences Journal 11 (August 12, 2020): 451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v11i1.1454.
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Spanning over a period of six centuries from the 13th century till the 19th century, Classical Turkish Literature takes up a reputed position in Oriental Literature. In the earliest centuries, classical Turkish literature was heavily influenced by Arabic and Persian Literature; however upon completing its foundation, it started to embrace a domestic and national character as of 16th century. With the advent of 16th century, particularly in masnavis as used to narrate lengthy stories, a different path was taken from other Oriental literatures in regards to characters and settings in stories. Stories, then, began to evolve within the borders of Ottoman territory and a wider place was reserved to take notice of witnessed problems. In some of these masnavis it is feasible to come across social reflections on the specific period and certain expressions that would most probably not approved at an age this work was compiled. In that sense one of the salient examples is Nefhatü’l-Ezhâr masnavi written by 17th - century poet Nev’i-zâde Atâyî. In Nefhatü’l-Ezhâr it is detected that defects that the poet witnesses in his society are narrated to his readers in short stories that develop within a plot. In such stories, Atâyî criticizes the kind of people exploiting religion for personal gains and those simple men licking powerful men's shoes for self-interest. In relation to social criticism stealing and injustice of rulers are highlighted-issues by the poet. Further to that, by narrating obscene stories, the poet attempts to unveil a form of corruption that has eroded moral fiber of community. In order to better grasp a literary text and locate the author's messages aimed for the reader, there is need to approach a work from a wide range of perspectives. In our research, stories that are considered to reflect traces from society in the said work of Nev’i-zâde Atâyî will be elaborated within the context of sociological criticism.
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Lee, Cameron, and Aaron Rosales. "Self-Regard in Pastoral Ministry: Self-Compassion versus Self-Criticism in a Sample of United Methodist Clergy." Journal of Psychology and Theology 48, no. 1 (August 21, 2019): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091647119870290.
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Pastoral ministry is a demanding and stressful vocation, and the empirical and anecdotal literature on ministry has often emphasized this negative outlook. More recent work, however, has shifted toward a more positive emphasis on personal characteristics that might help pastors be more resilient. The present study examined the interplay of identity demands, social support, and self-regard in accounting for both positive (positive affect and life satisfaction) and negative (negative affect and burnout) outcomes. Self-compassion, which was measured using the short form of Neff’s (2003) Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF), was herein reconceptualized as being comprised of two types of self-regard: self-compassion and self-criticism. Regression analyses with data collected from 200 United Methodist pastors indicated that social support and self-compassion (in descending order of importance) explained a significant proportion of the variance of the positive outcome, while self-criticism, social support, demand, and gender explained the negative.
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Vitale, Kyle Sebastian. "Skin of an Innocent Lamb: Shakespeare, Sacrament, and the Absence of Sin in Early Modern Literary Criticism." Christianity & Literature 66, no. 3 (June 2017): 404–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148333117708261.
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The critical fields of early modern English literature and religion define the term “sacrament” as a range of linguistic, didactic, and metaphorical moves. However, studies of sacramental rhetoric in Shakespeare and others fail to tie linguistic sacramental features to relevant, Reformed, historical notions of personal, answerable sin. This essay responds by considering how Shakespeare reflects on sin, confession, and literary expression through his Henry VI plays. Shakespeare employs the form of the book to stage his characters’ confessional struggles, offering rich articulations of literature’s interactions with sin and the sacramental practices syncopating the lives of readers.
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O'Neill, Bonnie Carr. "The Personal Public Sphere of Whitman's 1840s Journalism." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 126, no. 4 (October 2011): 983–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2011.126.4.983.
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Before Walt Whitman became the self-celebrating poet of Leaves of Grass, he was a professional journalist. This paper examines the journalism Whitman produced from 1840 to 1842 in the context of an emerging celebrity culture, and it considers celebrity's effects on the public sphere. It traces the penny press's personal style of journalism to both its artisan-republican politics and the formation of celebrity culture, in which celebrities assume status parallel to that of traditional representatives of authority. As editor of the Aurora, Whitman adopts the first-person, polemical style of the penny press and singles out prominent people for criticism. In other pieces, he presents himself as the ever-observant flâneur. As editor and as flâneur, he is a participant in and observer of the life of his community, and he assumes unassailable interpretive power. But he also regards his readers as fellow participants-observers who make judgments about the public figures he reports on. The tension between these positions is never resolved: Whitman's dialogic addresses to readers aim to extend the public sphere of critical debate even as Whitman holds steadfastly to his own social and political authority. Encouraging and modeling readers' negotiations over the meaning of public figures, he extends the features of celebrity culture to the public at large. His early journalism shows how and why it is so difficult to reconcile political and social community in the era of mass culture, and it highlights the complexities of the coexistence of celebrity and critical discourse in the personal public sphere.
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Abbasova, Sadagat. "THE CHARACTERISTICS AND APPROACHES OF IMMANENCE CRITICISM IN DORIS LESSING’S NOVEL OF “THE GOLDEN NOTEBOOK”." SCIENTIFIC WORK 15, no. 2 (March 9, 2021): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/63/6-10.
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Unlike the XIX century, literary culture of the XX century made a strong aesthetic leap in women’s identity. This process has caused to the emergence of a large number of new generation women writers in world literature and moreover, these writers had succeeded in revealing a real and contemporary literary phenomenon, such as “immanence- immanentism” which is focused on female landscapes in their stories and novels. In general, the works of “immanence” authors have a feminist background. As a doctrine, imamnence is used to explain the connection with the spiritual world, which is confirmed by some philosophical and metaphysical theories and critics. But later, immanence was replaced by Kant as a philosophical concept, and this awareness began to include a philosophical disposition perceived by the senses on the basis of personal experience. Lessing, who donated many works to world culture, created a portrait of the physical and spiritual characteristics of people (especially women) with her strong logic and talent in all her stories and novels and tried to explain in detail the special feelings that exist in them. With the help of this concept, Lessing aimed not only to represent the love experiences and emotional vibrations of women in her novels, but also to present a strong and courageous woman in a socio-cultural and political context, unlike female literature. In this paper is discussed, the feature elements of immanent culture in Doris Lessing’s novel in (“The Golden Notebook”). In the novel, Lessing interprets the classic drama of a woman of art who is free ones like as herself and in their examples, examines the potential and profiles of creative women seeking their place in social society. In her works, Doris Lessing reproduces the female perspective in the universe by thinking from the prism of immanentism and pays particular attention to the psychology of female characters and the identification of their inner states of heroes. Based on all of these, the author also refers to the expanding principle of women sovereignty regarding the rights and the status of women in society. At the same time, Lessing also explores the possibility of a relationship based on the concept of mundane reality as an alternative to romantic love parodies of postmodernism, and with this in mind, she erects a “protective wall” against the expansion of the “Western world” in Rhodesia (Zimbabwe). Key words: existence, immanence, Sufism, "The Golden Notebook", socio-cultural
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Atkinson, Paul. "Illness Narratives Revisited: The Failure of Narrative Reductionism." Sociological Research Online 14, no. 5 (November 2009): 196–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2030.
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The argument uses the proliferating research literature on ‘illness narratives’ to make a more general analytic point about the proper treatment of narratives and life-stories by social scientists. It is suggested that, notwithstanding earlier commentary and criticism, and despite the sophistication of authors such as Mishler, too many narrative-based studies fall far short of a thoroughly analytic approach to such spoken actions. Too often narratives are celebrated as the means for analysts to gain access to personal experience, to the subjective or private aspects of illness. It is argued that we still need analytic strategies that treat illness (or any) narratives as speech acts, based on socially shared resources.
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Elias, Amy J. "Context Rocks!" Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 134, no. 3 (May 2019): 579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2019.134.3.579.
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Searching for the phrase “appreciation of literature” in Google's Ngram Viewer shows that the phrase reached its peak usage in English publications between 1936 and 1937 and then nosedived after those years. It's interesting to speculate about what came together at that time. In 1937, DC Thomson published the first issue of The Dandy, one of the best selling comics in the history of British pop culture and the third-longest-running comics in the world; Daffy Duck debuted in the animated short Porky's Duck Hunt, directed by Tex Avery for the Looney Tunes series; and Detective Comics commenced publication. A year later, Superman went public. But 1937 also was the year that John Crowe Ransom left Vanderbilt University for Kenyon College and published “Criticism, Inc.” in The Virginia Quarterly Review. The target of Ransom's ire is “moralist” historical criticism, into which camp he puts actual morality purveyors, the new humanists and the new leftists (those purveyors of what we often now call symptomatic readings), and “personal registrations” or unfettered appreciation (597). While of course correlation is not causation, 1937 might mark an important fork in the subterranean lines in the United States, where the two trains of comics fandom and literary criticism begin to go in different directions, on trajectories that take them farther apart during and after World War II: comics toward the aesthetics of appreciation, and criticism to increasingly professionalized literary analysis. Critics today seem to be returning to this junction, asking how comics and criticism might reunite. Perhaps that convergence is happening now, through approaches variously known as surface reading (Best and Marcus), reparative reading (Sedgwick), close reading, postcritique (Felski, Limits), thin description (Love), or redescription (Latour)—each of which encourages professionalized critical appraisal without taking rolling stock into dead-end symptomatic tunnels. Perhaps it is through some other approach, one that may look like Hillary Chute's Why Comics?
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Danzig, Gabriel. "THE USE AND ABUSE OF CRITIAS: CONFLICTING PORTRAITS IN PLATO AND XENOPHON." Classical Quarterly 64, no. 2 (November 20, 2014): 507–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838814000093.
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This paper aims to explain the very sharp contrast between the portraits of Critias found in Plato and Xenophon. While depicted as a monster in Xenophon'sHellenica, Critias is described with at most mild criticism in Plato's writings. Each of these portraits is eccentric in its own way, and these eccentricities can be explained by considering the apologetic and polemic aims each author pursued. In doing so, I hope to shed light not only on the relations between these portraits and the works that contain them, but also on the personal relations between Plato and Xenophon and their manner of expressing them in literary productions.
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Borcak, Fedja Wierød. "Stå på tomma torg: Hinder för tillhörighet i bosnisk migrationslitteratur." K&K - Kultur og Klasse 46, no. 125 (May 15, 2018): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kok.v46i125.105545.
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The immigration of Bosnians to the Scandinavian countries in connection to the war in the 1990s is largely seen as a success. Aspects such as high employment and education levels has been foregrounded as indicating integration and personal accomplishment, especially among the younger population. However, the literature produced by Bosnian immigrant authors tells a different story, which focuses rather on personal hardships and obstacles in the affective and social “positionality” of the immigrant in the Scandinavian topography. Regarding texts by authors such as Alen Mešković, Bekim Sejranović, and Adnan Mahmutović, the article surveys recurrent themes associated with the immigrant’s inability to create belonging in the host country, such as the encounter with immigrant authorities or the continuous non-contact with Scandinavians. While the texts are not typical examples of literary “welfare criticism”, the article tries to suggest some ways in which these texts produce critique of mechanisms in the Scandinavian welfare state model.
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Vorozhbitova, Aleksandra A., Serhiy I. Potapenko, Natalya Yu Khachaturova, and Yuliya N. Khoruzhaya. "Linguistic rhetoric of Soviet discourse: official vs personal register (J. Stalin – A. Dovzhenko)." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 29 (May 18, 2020): 224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.29.05.25.
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Within the conception of the Sochi Linguistic & Rhetorical School the paper discusses the diglossia of the Soviet discourse employed in the former USSR, distinguishes official and personal registers as well as shows their difference drawing on Joseph Stalin’s speech of 31 January 1944 to the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks concerning Alexander Dovzhenko’s screenplay “Ukraine in Flames” and in the writer’s diaries. The comparison reveals a few specific linguistic rhetorical features of cognitive communicative type ontologically characteristic of the Soviet linguistic personality’s communicative cognitive activity in a totalitarian state. The cognitive features of Stalin’s individual discourse representing the official register and his system of argumentation rest on the significative component of linguistic units, arguments from literature to illustrate the postulates and dogmas of Marxist-Leninist doctrine forming the foundation of the Soviet discourse. It is also found that the official register represented by Stalin’s speech is characterized by the following features: 1) repetition; 2) sarcastic remarks; 3) dramatic mutually exclusive contrast of mental spaces (“our own, true in the last resort” and destructed, represented by the opponent’s discourse); 4) rigidly adversarial characteristic of the alternative linguistic rhetorical worldview; 5) appeal to the Soviet collective linguistic personality’s opinion; 6) ideological translation from one subdiscourse into the other, from personal register into the official one; 7) biased retelling of the discourse regarded as anti-Soviet; 8) appeal to the facts lacking in the discourse under criticism; 9) “ideological editing” taking on the form of peremptory lecturing with consequences threatening the liberty of the person under criticism. The personal register of the Soviet Ukrainian writer Dovzhenko is characterized by a broad interpretation of reality devoid of the “Marxist-Leninist blinds” and a more objective interpretation of the world due to a bigger ratio of denotative references (“evidential arguments” like “I say” and “I heard” etc) and communicative cognitive activity relative to two axiological hierarchies: national and Christian, i.e. the dominance of human values over class morality. It is proved that Dovzhenko’s screenplay was criticized within Stalin’s official register for its deviation from the cognitive schemas and the model of the Soviet discourse, for the focus on Ukraine and its citizens rather than on class struggle.
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Diamond, C. T. Patrick. "Gridding a Grid: An Artist Reviews and Comprehends his Own Exhibition." Empirical Studies of the Arts 11, no. 2 (July 1993): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/772e-9whd-086u-3vxn.
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The empirical study of appreciators' psychological processes includes the examination of self-generated aesthetic schemas and meanings. If the individual voice and vision of the artist has often been missing from much of the previous literature and discussion of aesthetic response, non-empirical art critics may have promoted their own voices and positions instead by using the recondite and all but impenetrable metalanguage of criticism. As a counterexample from numerical phenomenological methodology, Kelly's psychology of personal constructs and its Repertory grid technique [1] are shown helping an artist-spectator to recover and to reflect on his own responses to one of his exhibitions. Shaw's interactive and multivariate FOCUS technique enables the grid to serve these ideographic purposes [2].
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Perry, Curtis. "The Politics of Access and Representations of the Sodomite King in Early Modern England." Renaissance Quarterly 53, no. 4 (2000): 1054–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2901456.
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This essay treats the image of the sodomite king—in Marlowe's Edward II and in the gossip surrounding James I and his favorites — as a figurative response to resentments stemming from the regulation of access to the monarch. Animosities in Marlowe's play anticipate criticism of the Jacobean Bedchamber in part because Marlowe was responding to libels provoked by innovations in the chamber politics of the French king Henri III that also anticipate Jacobean practice. The figure of the sodomite king offers a useful vehicle to explore tensions between personal and bureaucratic monarchy that are exacerbated by the regulation of access.
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Johnson, Kurt A. "‘Lisping Tongues’ and ‘Sanscrit Songs’: William Jones' Hymns to Hindu Deities." Translation and Literature 20, no. 1 (March 2011): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2011.0005.
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In 1784-9 Sir William Jones, then a Supreme Court Judge in Bengal, wrote nine ‘Hymns’ to Hindu deities. In examining one of the ‘Hymns’ – ‘A Hymn to Súrya’ – in more detail, this article maintains that Jones uses the hymnal form as a means of cultural translation, transposing the religious and cultural significance of Vedanta Hinduism poetically into an accessible and uncompromised form. With an emphasis on Jones’ early poetic criticism and his personal fondness for the Hindu religion, this article demonstrates how Jones employs the hymnal form in order to reach a poetic, religious, and cultural ‘original’ through translation.
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Grossi, Joseph. "Anti-Petrarchism in the Decameron’s Proem and Introduction." Quaderni d'italianistica 33, no. 2 (February 9, 2013): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v33i2.19416.
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Similarities of purpose between the Proem of the Decameron and the opening sonnet of the Rerum vulgarium fragmenta have been noticed by several scholars. Students of Boccaccio and Petrarch are also becoming increasingly aware that the former was willing to criticize his friend, as he did when Petrarch chose to accept Visconti patronage in Milan, the great enemy of Florence.The Proem of the Decameron, however, has not hitherto elicited comment as a text where such friendly criticism, at least of Petrarch’s poetic persona in the RVF, might be found. The present essay suggests that Boccaccio’s famous address in the Proem to fearful, lovesick and housebound women pertains as much to that Petrarcan persona as it does to those vaghe donne. Although it refers to and engages with the important debate on Boccaccio’s attitudes towards real women, the essay explores the possibility that the Decameron’s Proem slyly hints (in a way that is reinforced by the story collection’s Introduction) that the Canzoniere reveals a male poet who is himself “unmanned” by his excessive lovesickness and pursuit of solitude.
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Bahar, Rizkya Fajarani, and Lisetyo Ariyanti. "HEDGES EXPRESSIONS IN CONFESSIONAL DISCOURSE OF IDA CRADDOCK’S SUICIDE NOTES." Prosodi 14, no. 2 (October 4, 2020): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/prosodi.v14i2.8759.
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Some people commited suicide tried to express what they felt and left message explaining the causes of why they committed suicide. The suicide note was written by the person who commited suicide as a purpose to give a sign to other people. One of those people was Ida Craddck who was a 19th century American. She advocated freedom of speech and women rights who committed suicide because of inappropriate decision from the judge. Her books were prosecuted by Anthony Comstock as obscene literature. This study was aimed to examine the hedges expressions that maintained the functions of confessional texts which were used by Craddock. The results found that hedges were used on her confessions to support her criticism and wish to the public. Those criticism and wish were confessed by Craddock to aware the public about people’s freedom condition. Her confessions had function to tell her personal story that led her to suicide which could be learnt by other people so that they could have a better life. Finally, hedges were used to express her uncertainty of the truth of what she confessed about her cause of death.
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Kim, Jeawon, Sharyn Rundle-Thiele, and Kathy Knox. "Systematic literature review of best practice in food waste reduction programs." Journal of Social Marketing 9, no. 4 (October 14, 2019): 447–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-05-2019-0074.
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Purpose Food waste is a systemic problem, with waste occurring at all stages in the supply chain and consumption process. There is a need to unpack which strategies, approaches and tools can be applied to reduce the amount of food wasted. Understanding the extent of social marketing principles used offers insights into the additional means that can be applied to increase voluntary behavioral change. Design/methodology/approach Following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, a systematic quantitative literature review was undertaken focused on outcome evaluation studies conducted since 2000. Six databases were examined, and cross rating was used to identify previous programs tackling food waste behavior at a household level. A total of 23 programs were analyzed against 8 social marketing components. Findings Overall, only 2 out of 23 food waste programs self-identified as social marketing programs. A lack of application of social marketing elements was observed across all studies, indicating a tendency to implement non-voluntary change approaches. The most commonly targeted behaviors were source-separation. Personal interaction involved the distribution of information in person (typically through door knocking). Personal interaction strategies were identified as the most effective program techniques. Program effectiveness was greater when the social marketing components of behavioral change, theory and marketing mix were used, indicating the potential for voluntary approaches to be applied more in the future. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current study was the first systematic literature review to examine the extent of social marketing application in food waste programs reported in peer-reviewed academic literature using eight components of social marketing. The study revealed behavioral change was more likely when more social marketing components were used. Future research is recommended to consider the application of full range of social marketing elements to extend beyond involuntary approaches, which can be subjected to criticism from community.
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MYERS, ROBERT, and NADA SAAB. "Sufism and Shakespeare: The Poetics of Personal and Political Transformation in Sa'dallah Wannus's Tuqus al-Isharat wa-l-Tahawwulat." Theatre Research International 38, no. 2 (May 31, 2013): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883313000229.
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Tuqus al-Isharat wa-l-Tahawwulat, one of the last major plays by the Syrian Sa'dallah Wannus, published in 1994, is one of the most innovative plays from the Arab world in the twentieth century. Based on a historical incident, it dramatizes the story of the fall of the Naqib of Damascus when he is arrested with his mistress Warda. The Naqib's enemy, the Mufti, saves him from disgrace by substituting the Naqib's wife, Mu'mina, for Warda, although Mu'mina leaves the Naqib and becomes a notorious prostitute. The play also overtly treats male homosexuality. Previous analyses of Wannus's plays have focused on the influence of Brecht and the Thousand and One Nights, and criticism of this play's feminist theme. This article argues that much of the play's novelty and aesthetic power derive from aspects of Shakespeare, principally Measure for Measure, and from motifs, lexicon and ritual theatricality derived from Sufism as aesthetic form and religious practice.
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Thiam, Mouhamed El Bachire, Jonathan Liu, and John Aston. "Ignoring personal moral compass: factors shaping bankers’ decisions." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 27, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 357–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-12-2017-0110.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to increase our understanding of the challenges the banking industry continues to face from an ethics standpoint more than a decade after the credit crisis. Since 2007, there has been renewed interest in the way professional ethics is integrated within the banking culture. With a public that has become more sensitive towards ethical and corporate governance failures, the banking industry has been at the receiving end of strong ethical criticism. Yet, in spite of the regulatory response to the crisis, ethics is still a major issue in an industry where the corporate governance systems implemented by companies have failed to control employee behaviours, even in institutions branding themselves as ethical banks. Design/methodology/approach This paper studies factors inside and around institutions in the banking industry that impact the moral anomie in bankers’ professional environment. This paper applies an ordinary least square regression analysis, preceded by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, to test the hypothesised relations between anomie and the factors proposed. Findings The results show that long-term orientation, strategic aggressiveness and competitive intensity do have an influence on anomie. These results are compared to previous research applied in non-financial industries and prompt the strengthening of corporate governance systems in financial companies with aggressive corporate cultures. Originality/value The paper therefore introduces the factors that lead bankers to ignore the morals they gained from society and provide a better understanding of the reasons behind the deviant behaviours that caused the crisis a decade ago. It represents a crucial first step for future policymaking that fills an important gap in the financial regulation literature. Indeed, the lack of understanding of the factors dictating behaviours in the industry meant that regulatory changes in the past decade have mostly focussed on technical aspects of the problem (e.g. new capital structure requirements) and produced few answers to address the ethical challenges.
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Krupa, Joanna, and Elżbieta Nawrocka. "Fan tourism and fan tourists: discussion on definitions and research issues." Turyzm/Tourism 30, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.30.2.18.
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The purpose of the article is to systematize the concepts of fan tourism and fan tourists and an attempt has also been made to identify the profile of a fan tourist. There are certain research gaps in terms of defining the concept itself, therefore the authors have decided to investigate this. Literature analysis and criticism as well as synthesizing ideas were methods used in this work. The article presents the characteristics of fan tourism and a description of a fan tourist using psychological, social and economic criteria identified on the basis of a literature investigation. The following attributes were distinguished: the main motive of activity, emotional involvement, ‘extreme’ support, commitment to ideas, sympathy towards ideas, personal attendance at an event and the nature of a consumer or a prosumer when a fan tourist participates in an event personally. The concepts of a fan in general, fanatic and sports fan (kibic) were used in the process of identifying the characteristics of a fan tourist.
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Moiseev, P. A. "‘Complete rubbish but a real page-turner’ Chukovsky and detective stories." Voprosy literatury, no. 3 (July 29, 2020): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2020-3-169-186.
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K. Chukovsky was one of Russia’s first scholars of detective fiction. Yet his literary criticism on this particular topic has never been researched. Nor has it come to light that his attitude to the genre was ambivalent. On the one hand, he knew it very well, was a regular reader of detective stories and made a number of valuable observations about the works of Conan Doyle (whose writing he contrasted with the cheap sensationalist books about Nat Pinkerton, stressing the quality of logic in Conan Doyle’s stories) and Wilkie Collins. On the other hand, he often made very critical and ironic remarks about the genre, confessing that he failed to comprehend the reason for its popularity. The article suggests the grounds for Chukovsky’s attitude: he argued that literature was linked to ‘the most important personal experience’ (in the words of the writer N. Oleynikov), with entertaining literature automatically dismissed as an outsider to real art.
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Ahmadi, Yusep, and Yesi Maylani Kartiwi. "Strukturalisme Genetik Cerpen “Penulis Biografi” Karya Bode Riswandi." Alinea: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajaran 9, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.35194/alinea.v9i2.1026.
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Cerpen “Penulis Biografi” karya Bode Riswandi merupakan cerpen yang berisi kritik sosial terhadap maraknya buku-buku biografi yang syarat dengan pencitraan demi kepentingan politik. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan struktur intrinsik dan struktur genetik cerpen “Penulis Biografi” karya Bode Riswandi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan interpretasi data secara mendalam. Sumber data penelitian cerpen “Penulis Biografi” dan berbagai literature yang mendukung penelitian. Hasil temuan menunjukkan secara struktural cerpen “Penulis Biografi”memiliki kelengkapan unsur-unsur intrinsik yang membangun kohesi cerpen, yakni tema, tokoh dan penokohan, alur, latar tempat, latar waktu, dan latar sosial. Sementara itu, struktur genetik yang ditemuakan adalah fakta kemanusiaan dan pandangan dunia pengarang. Fakta kemanusiaan pada cerpen ini menggambarkan adanya realitas sosial mantan-mantan jenderal yang membangun kekuatan dan pencitraan melalui buku biografi. Selanjutnya, pandangan dunia pengarang menitikberatkan kritik terhadap realitas tersebut yang menurutnya pencitraan melalui biografi pada akhirnya hanya untuk kepentingan proyek atau politik.Katakunci: cerita pendek, genetik, strukturalisme Abstract:"Penulis Biografi" by Bode Riswandi is a short story that contains social criticism on a trend of biographical books to build personal branding for political interest. The research aim is to describe the intrinsic and genetic structure of Bode Riswandi's short story "Penulis Biografi". The research was conducted using descriptive qualitative methods with in-depth data interpretation. The data source is short story "Penulis Biografi" and various literatures that support the research. The findings show that structurally the short story " Penulis Biografi " has a complete set of intrinsic elements that build short story cohesion, namely themes, characters and characterizations, plot, place setting, time setting, and social setting. Meanwhile, the genetic structure that has been found is the fact of humanity and the author’s point of view. The humanity facts in this short story illustrate the social reality of former generals who build power and personal branding through biography. Furthermore, the author's point of view emphasizes criticism toward this reality that the branding through biography is only aimed for project or political interest.. Keywords: short story, genetics, structuralism
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Praet, Helena Van. "Recalibrating categorisation." English Text Construction 12, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 167–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.00026.pra.
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Abstract This article explores how the notion of decreation manifests itself in the signifying strategies of Anne Carson’s Decreation: Poetry, Essays, Opera (2005). By revisiting Carson’s stereoscopic poetics and Wolfgang Iser’s branch of reader-response criticism, the article conceptualises these signification strategies, which include generic hybridity and multimodality, as guiding devices that usher the reader’s perspective towards a stereoscopic vision of sameness-in-otherness. These strategies can evoke a sense of ‘decreation’ by drawing the reader’s attention to the boundary between (apparent) incongruities whilst simultaneously encouraging the reader to forge previously unsuspected connections. The semiological argument proposed here concludes that the transcendence of this ‘edge’ by means of analogical thinking constitutes the metaphysical project of personal re-creation.
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Le Baillif, Anne-Marie. "Une façon de voir le monde. La violence comme sujet d’un discours éthique dans les années 1930." Interlitteraria 22, no. 2 (January 16, 2018): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2017.22.2.10.
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One Way to See the World. Violence as a Subject of the Ethical Discourse in the 1930s. Ethical literary criticism has made a spectacular comeback in the field of literary research. This form of criticism is described in France by Antoine Compagnon, professor at the Collège de France, as a “reflection on the values created and transmitted by literature”. It seems to us that the third volume of A. H. Tammsaare’s novel Tõde ja õigus (1931, translated into French as Jours d’émeutes), focuses on violence as an object of Ethical Literary Criticism. Does this text not echo the Critique of Violence (1921), written by his contemporary, Walter Benjamin?Tammsaare’s character Indrek questions right, justice and ethic. He has to cope with his historical time and his family problems. Tammsaare depicts the opposition between the group ethic and the private one. Indrek rejects readymade thinking when adapting himself to situations, accordingly he makes a difference between the political violence and the private once. Ten years earlier, Benjamin had written a paper which had questioned the use of violence in preserving law and justice. He had included in his remarks also ethical and religious problems. Privately, Indrek obeys his mother’s request for euthanasia as a compensatory act for her sin he is the embodiment of. So, according to his values, his personal ethic requires him to restore his mother’s peace of mind. This act puts him into a paradoxical situation out of which he has to find his own way according to his own ethical standards.
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Vervainioti, A., and EC Alexopoulos. "Job-Related Stressors of Classical Instrumental Musicians: A Systematic Qualitative Review." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2015.4037.
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Epidemiological studies among performing artists have found elevated stress levels and health effects, but scarcely the full range of stressors has been reported. We review here the existing literature on job-related stressors of classical instrumental musicians (orchestra musicians). PubMed, Google Scholar and JSTOR databases were screened for relevant papers indexed up to August 2012. A total of 122 papers was initially identified which, after exclusion of duplicates and those not meeting eligibility criteria, yielded 67 articles for final analysis. We identified seven categories of stressors affecting musicians in their everyday working lives: public exposure, personal hazards, repertoire, competition, job context, injury/illness, and criticism, but with interrelated assigned factors. The proposed categories provide a framework for future comprehensive research on the impact and management of musician stressors.
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Khuako, F. N. "Memories as fact-based presentation by a soviet author at the beginning of the XX century." REPORTS ADYGE (CIRCASSIAN) INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 21, no. 2 (2021): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47928/1726-9946-2021-21-2-49-61.
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Unusual for traditional literary criticism, the article examines the problem of genre attribution of memories that have existed for a long time (from the seventeenth – eighteenth centuries) as a form of presentation in Russian literature. This genre type turns out to be a conditional focus of the history of civilization, as well as a concentrate of thought and feeling of an individual member of society. But the tactics and possibilities of a comprehensive examination of memoirs have not yet been identified. As a result, the most highlighted thesis of consideration is the following: in the process of assessing the informational richness of a memoir text, its characteristic individual tonality should by no means be considered a disadvantage. On the contrary, personal judgments contained in memories increase their value as historical information.
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Arimbi, Diah Ariani. "Finding Feminist Literary Reading: Portrayals Of Women In The 1920s Indonesian Literary Writings." ATAVISME 17, no. 2 (December 29, 2014): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.24257/atavisme.v17i2.5.148-162.
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Abstract:
Modern Indonesian literature can be said to be born around 1920s with the publication of modern Indonesian literary works by Balai Pustaka. Amongst the works published by Balai Pustaka in the 1920s ; there are most popular works namely Sitti Nurbaya (1922) ; Azab dan Sengsara(1927) and Salah Asuhan (1928) representing the tone of 1920s literary productions. This paper aims to look at images of women in those three works written by male authors ; using feminist literary criticism. By means of close reading technique; the study uses feminist literary criticism to examine and (re)examine the images of women portrayed in those three works. The finding shows that on one hand some women are still trapped with the shackle of patriarchy, but, on the other hand, some women are not simply passive victims of patriarchy: these women still attempt to escape from the patriarchal chain and cut out the patriarchal oppression.
Key Words: modern Indonesian literature; 1920s; Balai Pustaka; women; feminist literary criticism
Abstrak:
Sastra Indonesia modern dapat dikatakan lahir sekitar tahun1920-an dengan publikasi karya sastra Indonesia modern oleh Balai Pustaka. Di antara karya yang diterbitkan oleh Balai Pustaka pada tahun 1920-an; terdapat karya yang paling populer seperti Sitti Nurbaya (1922); Azab dan Sengsara (1927); dan Salah Asuhan (1928) yang mewakili suara produksi sastra tahun 1920-an. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk melihat potret perempuan dalam tiga karya yang ditulis oleh penulis laki-laki dengan menggunakan pendekatan kritik sastra feminis. Melalui teknik pembacaan yang mendalam (close reading technique); penelitian ini menggunakan kritik sastra feminis untuk menelaah potret perempuan dalam tiga karya tersebut. Temuan dalam tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa di satu sisi perempuan masih terbelenggu oleh patriarkat; tetapi di sisi lain perempuan bukanlah korban patriarkat yang pasif: perempuan tetap berupaya untuk keluar dari belenggu ini dan memutus rantai penindasan patriarkat melalui kebebasan dan otonomi personal.
Kata-Kata Kunci: sastra Indonesia modern; tahun 1920-an; Balai Pustaka; perempuan; kritiksastra feminis
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Choi, Yoojung. "“Between Japan and California”: Imaginative Pacific Geography and East Asian Culture in Penelope Aubin’s The Noble Slaves." Eighteenth-Century Fiction 34, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 33–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ecf.34.1.33.
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Penelope Aubin’s mixed-up representation of Japan and the Pacific in The Noble Slaves (1722) has long been considered as an indication of the author’s insufficient geographical knowledge. In this essay, I reassess the East Asian setting of The Noble Slaves in the context of eighteenth-century geographical discourses. By examining Herman Moll’s maps as possible source materials, I argue that Aubin’s imaginative geography reflects not her personal ignorance but the limitations and uncertainties of contemporary cartographical knowledge about the North Pacific. Aubin uses the speculative nature of early Enlightenment geographical discourses for a narrative experiment and reimagining of East Asia. Aubin’s unique representation of East Asian cultures, such as Japanese Christian “Indians” and the ancient pagan temple, hinges on the emotions of wonder and curiosity, which can be read as a criticism of Robinson Crusoe’s hostile attitude toward the Far East in Daniel Defoe’s The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe (1719). This essay ultimately situates Aubin as a significant participant in early eighteenth-century knowledge production about the world.
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Caballero Aceituno, Yolanda. "Literary Education and the Ethics of Expansion: Principles, Processes and Examples." Interlitteraria 22, no. 2 (January 16, 2018): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2017.22.2.4.
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This contribution is rooted in my vision of literary education as a humanistic practice devoted to expanding the students’ ideological and imaginative horizons. My efforts as a lecturer have always been aimed at exemplifying what, from my point of view, could be considered one of the main beliefs articulating ethical literary criticism: the power of literature to bring about meaningful social changes by empowering readers to extend their cosmovision beyond reductionist macro-discourses. This potential of literature can be activated by fostering a teaching practice based on some ethical principles, the anatomy of which will be modestly examined in this essay out of my personal experience and exemplified with references to the works by some writers. From a theoretical point of view, this contribution also drinks from Jüri Talvet’s “call for cultural symbiosis” (2005) between ‘self ’ and ‘other’ as a way of overcoming interested separations and impoverishing mutilations. Likewise, and following Yuri M. Lotman’s cultural semiotics, my approach sees the literature classroom as a space where the valuable tensions between ‘centre’ and ‘periphery’ within a given semiosphere can be analysed and seen as opportunities for the generation and addition of new meanings and ideas.
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Smith, Michael M. "CarrancistaPropaganda and the Print Media in the United States: An Overview of Institutions." Americas 52, no. 2 (October 1995): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1008260.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the voluminous body of historical literature devoted to the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920) and U.S.-Mexican diplomatic relations, few works address the subject of revolutionary propaganda. During this tumultuous era, however, factional leaders recognized the importance of justifying their movement, publicizing their activities, and cultivating favorable public opinion for their cause, particularly in the United States. In this regard, Venustiano Carranza was especially energetic. From the inception of his Constitutionalist revolution, Carranza and his adherents persistently attempted to exploit the press to generate support among Mexican expatriates, protect Mexican sovereignty, secure recognition from the administration of Woodrow Wilson, gain the acquiescence–if not the blessing–of key sectors of the North American public for his Constitutionalist program, enhance his personal image, and defend his movement against the criticism and intrigues of his enemies–both Mexican and North American.