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Academic literature on the topic 'Crocodiles'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Crocodiles"

1

Inchuai, Rawikan, Peerapol Sukon, and Sompoth Weerakhun. "Molecular detection of Chlamydia spp. and risk factors in farmed siamese crocodile in the mid-northeastern provincial cluster of Thailand." Veterinary Integrative Sciences 20, no. 1 (September 6, 2021): 231–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12982/vis.2022.018.

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This study surveyed the prevalence of chlamydial infection among farms in the mid-northeastern provincial cluster of Thailand by PCR and phylogenetic analyses of the sequences. Samples from 94 crocodiles were collected from 17 farms in five provinces together with farm management data. Chlamydiaceae was found in 48.94% of the samples (46/94). Of the 17 pooled samples analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, four samples exhibited 99.3 to 99.5% nucleotide identity with Chlamydia psittaci, three samples exhibited 99.1 to 99.3% nucleotide identity with C. crocodili, and one sample exhibited similarity to both species. The risk factors related to chlamydial infection included the source of young crocodiles and the frequency of water changes. Chlamydial infection was higher in nonclinical crocodiles than in clinical or dead crocodiles (P=0.003). Pharyngitis, fibrinous pharyngitis, hepatitis, pneumonia, and hydropericardium were commonly found in chlamydial-positive cases of ill or dead crocodiles. C. psittaci and C. crocodili were found in both clinical and nonclinical crocodiles. C. psittaci is a well-known zoonotic pathogen. C. crocodili is a new species found in Siamese crocodiles in Thailand. In conclusion, the source of young crocodiles and frequency of water changes were identified as risk factors for chlamydial infection in crocodile farms. C. crocodili should be further investigated to better understand its implications for crocodile heath.

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L. Stuart, Bryan, Benjamin Hayes, Bui Huu Manh, and Steven G. Platt. "Status of crocodiles in the U Minh Thuong Nature Reserve, southern Vietnam." Pacific Conservation Biology 8, no. 1 (2002): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc020062.

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Both species of native crocodile, Siamese Crocodile Crocodylus siamensis and Estuarine Crocodile C. porosus, are seriously threatened in the wild in Vietnam. The swamp forest of the U Minh region in southern Vietnam was recently suggested to harbor the last remaining wild Estuarine Crocodiles in the country. We investigated the status of crocodiles in the U Minh Thuong Nature Reserve by conducting field surveys and interviewing local people. Field surveys found no signs of living wild crocodiles, and interview results strongly suggested that wild crocodiles have not occurred at U Minh Thuong Nature Reserve for perhaps as long as 30 years.

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Luiselli, L., G. C. Akani, N. Ebere, F. M. Angelici, G. Amori, and E. Politano. "Macro-habitat preferences by the African manatee and crocodiles – ecological and conservation implications." Web Ecology 12, no. 1 (July 4, 2012): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-12-39-2012.

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Abstract. African manatees (Trichechus senegalensis) and crocodiles are threatened species in parts of their range. In West Africa, crocodiles may constitute the main predators for manatees apart from humans. Here, we explore the macro-habitat selection of manatees and two species of crocodiles (West African crocodiles Crocodylus suchus and dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis) in the Niger Delta (Nigeria), testing the hypotheses that (i) manatees may avoid crocodiles in order to minimize risks of predation, and (ii) the two crocodile species do compete. The study was carried out between 1994 and 2010 with a suite of different field techniques. We observed that the main macro-habitat types were freshwater rivers and coastal lagoons for manatees, mangroves for West African crocodiles, and rivers and creeks for dwarf crocodiles, with (i) the three species differing significantly in terms of their macro-habitat type selection, and (ii) significant seasonal influence on habitat selection of each species. Null models for niche overlap showed a significantly lower overlap in macro-habitat type use between manatee and crocodiles, whereas the two crocodiles were relatively similar. Null model analyses did not indicate any competitive interactions between crocodiles. On the other hand, manatees avoided macro-habitats where crocodiles, and especially West African crocodiles, are abundant.

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Wynne, Jut, Marisa Tellez, Kayla Hartwell, Stevan Reneau, Gilroy Welch, Kyle Voyles, Michael Cal, Reynold Cal, Denoy Castillo, and Jane Champion. "Cave-dwelling crocodiles of Central Belize." International Journal of Speleology 52, no. 1 (June 2023): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1827-806x.52.1.2470.

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We provide the results on the first systematic effort to study cave-dwelling crocodiles in central Belize. For nearly three decades, managers at Runaway Creek Nature Reserve have frequently observed crocodile tracks and trackways in caves, while subterranean observations of crocodiles were less frequent. We surveyed five caves previously identified as crocodile habitat by wading (up to waist deep) and kayaking; we also deployed trail cameras in five of six flooded caves. Crocodiles were directly observed in two caves and trail camera footage was captured of a crocodile exiting a third cave. Given that introgression between Morelet’s Crocodile (Crocodylus moreletii (A.H.A. Duméril & Bibron, 1851)) and the American Crocodile (Crocodylus acutus Cuvier, 1807) is high throughout their sympatric range and none of the crocodiles were captured, all individuals were identified as Crocodylus acutus x C. moreletii?. Additionally, in the five caves previously identified as crocodile habitat, we identified at least 16 potential prey species including two invertebrate, four fish, one turtle, one bird, several bat, and eight non-bat mammal species via direct observation and trail cameras. Capture, examination, and stomach flushes of cave-dwelling crocodiles, as well as continued monitoring of vertebrates via trail cameras, additional prey species surveys, monitoring of cave temperatures, and developing detailed cave maps of crocodile caves are highly recommended to obtain the information to both characterize crocodile cave use and optimally manage cave resources.

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Benansio, John Sebit, Gift Simon Damaya, Stephan M. Funk, Julia E. Fa, Massimiliano Di Vittorio, Daniele Dendi, and Luca Luiselli. "Attitudes and Perceptions of Local Communities towards Nile Crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) in the Sudd Wetlands, South Sudan." Animals 14, no. 12 (June 18, 2024): 1819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14121819.

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Conflicts between human populations and Nile crocodiles are widespread with crocodiles posing significant threats to fisherfolk and riverine communities across r-Saharan Africa. Hundreds of deadly attacks take place annually, and mortality rates may range from 50% to 100%. Attitudes and perceptions towards crocodiles were studied using structured questionnaires among fisherfolk along the River Nile and the Sudd wetlands in South Sudan. Local communities used crocodiles for their meat and skin/leather trades. The meat is regarded to enhance longevity, sexual potency, and protection against witchcraft. Crocodiles are perceived as a main threat to lives and livelihoods as they restrict people’s freedom of movement along water bodies, attack livestock and humans, and devastate fishing equipment. To assess whether responses were influenced by the intensity of crocodile threats, published data on fatal crocodile attacks on humans and livestock were analysed using Generalised Linear Models (GLMs). This analysis indicated a direct link between the number of crocodile attacks and human attitudes. Crocodiles were generally feared and hated, and there was the agreement of the need to destroy breeding habitats. However, some attitudes were complex and nuanced as highlighted by the agreement of local communities on the need to destroy Nile Crocodile breeding habitats on the one hand and the need to establish crocodile sanctuaries as the the preferred strategy to mitigate risks and conflict on the other hand. There is a need for the creation of a crocodile sanctuary in the Sudd wetlands to minimise the risks of illegal hunting and to buffer the increasing pressure on crocodiles due to human population growth and economic upturn after the civil war.

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Hénaut, Yann, and Pierre Charruau. "Nest attendance and hatchling care in wild American crocodiles (Crocodylus acutus) in Quintana Roo, Mexico." Animal Biology 62, no. 1 (2012): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157075511x597629.

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AbstractCrocodilians show universal parental care, but few studies concentrate on this behavior in wild crocodiles. We studied nest and hatchling care in genetically pure wild American crocodiles (Crocodylus acutus) on two Caribbean islands of Mexico. From 2006 to 2009 we made direct observations of crocodile behavior upon discovery of nests and groups of hatchlings in Banco Chinchorro. In 2009, we installed camera traps at 4 nests from the time of their discovery to the hatching of each nest, in Banco Chinchorro and Cozumel Island. Twenty-one other species were observed to visit crocodile nests. No nest predation was observed but nine species represented some danger to nests and/or hatchlings. Females seemed to remain in the nest vicinity during incubation. There was variability in nest visit frequencies and no nest defense toward human intrusion was observed. Visit frequency by other species at nests decreased with increased crocodile visitation. Crocodiles mainly visited nests on darker nights, corresponding to the visits of species representing greater danger for nests. Repair of the nest by females after disturbance was observed for the first time in wild American crocodiles. Crocodile visits were more frequent at the beginning and the end of incubation, which could represent different antipredation strategies. Although adult crocodiles helped during hatching for the emergence of neonates, hatchling care seemed reduced compared to other crocodile species. We provide the first data on nesting behavior of genetically pure American crocodiles in the Yucatan peninsula, which provides a base for future comparisons with Morelet's crocodiles and their hybrids.

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Simbotwe, Malumo Philip. "The Role of Crocodilians in Game Utilization Schemes in the Sadcc Region of Africa." A Current Bibliography on African Affairs 21, no. 2 (December 1, 1988): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001132558902100202.

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Farming and ranching crocodiles has of late attracted much entrepreneural attention in Africa especially in the SADCC region of Southern Africa where crocodiles still occur in abundance. There are two main reasons for this sudden interest. 1) Crocodile farming and ranching is rewarding in both economic and commercial terms; and 2) the economic value of crocodiles provides a good argument in support of sustainable conservation of the crocodile.

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Ariyaraphong, Nattakan, Wongsathit Wongloet, Pish Wattanadilokchatkun, Thitipong Panthum, Worapong Singchat, Thanyapat Thong, Artem Lisachov, et al. "Should the Identification Guidelines for Siamese Crocodiles Be Revised? Differing Post-Occipital Scute Scale Numbers Show Phenotypic Variation Does Not Result from Hybridization with Saltwater Crocodiles." Biology 12, no. 4 (March 31, 2023): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12040535.

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Populations of Siamese crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis) have severely declined because of hunting and habitat fragmentation, necessitating a reintroduction plan involving commercial captive-bred populations. However, hybridization between Siamese and saltwater crocodiles (C. porosus) has occurred in captivity. Siamese crocodiles commonly have post-occipital scutes (P.O.) with 4–6 scales, but 2–6 P.O. scales were found in captives on Thai farms. Here, the genetic diversity and population structure of Siamese crocodiles with large P.O. variations and saltwater crocodiles were analyzed using mitochondrial DNA D-loop and microsatellite genotyping. Possible crocodile hybrids or phenotypic variations were ascertained by comparison with our previous library from the Siam Crocodile Bioresource Project. Siamese crocodiles with <4 P.O. scales in a row exhibit normal species-level phenotypic variation. This evidence encourages the revised description of Siamese crocodiles. Moreover, the STRUCTURE plot revealed large distinct gene pools, suggesting crocodiles in each farm were derived from distinct lineages. However, combining both genetic approaches provides evidence of introgression for several individual crocodiles, suggesting possible hybridization between Siamese and saltwater crocodiles. We proposed a schematic protocol with patterns observed in phenotypic and molecular data to screen hybrids. Identifying non-hybrid and hybrid individuals is important for long-term in situ/ex situ conservation.

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Eniang, Edem. "People’s perceptions of crocodiles in Nigeria." Herpetological Journal, Volume 30, Number 2 (April 1, 2020): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33256/hj30.2.112116.

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Throughout Africa, feelings towards crocodiles vary according to the danger or fear experienced by communities living alongside them. Crocodile conservation programmes must therefore be based on reliable assessments of cultural attitudes towards these reptiles. In this study, we interviewed a random sample of 300 persons in six states in southern Nigeria to determine their perception of crocodiles. Our results revealed that most respondents were very familiar with crocodiles, with animals being regularly sighted but only in small numbers. Most interviewees were aware of just two crocodile types, consistently describing the dwarf crocodile (Osteolaemus tetraspis) and the West African Nile crocodile (Crocodylus [niloticus] suchus); only a minority of respondents reporting they were aware of the West African slender-snouted crocodile (Mecistops cataphractus).

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Manurung, Ramdani, Mirza Dikari Kusrini, and Lilik Budi Prasetyo. "MAPPING THE DISTRIBUTION OF SALTWATER CROCODILE (Crocodylus porosus) AND RISKS OF HUMAN-CROCODILE CONFLICTS IN SETTLEMENTS AROUND KUTAI NATIONAL PARK, EAST KALIMANTAN." Media Konservasi 26, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/medkon.26.1.52-62.

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Human-crocodile conflicts (HCC) are problems affecting crocodile conservation. Scientific publications on crocodile attack cases in Indonesia are few with low validation which hinder optimal conflict mitigation efforts. The estuarine river of Kutai National Park is a natural habitat for saltwater crocodiles and mostly nearby dense settlements. This study aims to map the distribution of saltwater crocodiles and potential conflicts in the Kutai National Park area. To predict the distribution of saltwater crocodiles, we used Maximum Entropy MAXENT with its environmental predictors i.e. slope, altitude, distance from shore, distance from river, temperature, and habitat types (mangrove forest, freshwater swamp, and shrubs). MAXENT prediction showed that elevation was the most influential variable with AUC (Average Under Curve) value of 0.952. Settlements with activities occurring within one kilometer from the river and those adjacent to coastal areas proved to be the highest in human conflicts with crocodiles. Key words: conflict, crocodile, human, MAXENT

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crocodiles"

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Gratten, Jacob. "The molecular systematics, phylogeography and population genetics of Indo-Pacific Crocodylus /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17777.pdf.

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Martin, Jérémy Emiland. "Le crocodile de l’Allier : Diplocynodon, sa systématique, son écologie et sa place dans l’évolution des alligatoroïdes primitifs." Lyon 1, 2009. http://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6n29v4v.

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Le genre Diplocynodon fut fondé par Pomel en 1847 sur la base de restes de crocodiliens découverts dans le Miocène inférieur de Saint-Gérand-le-Puy, dans l’Allier. Bien que la distribution stratigraphique de ce crocodilien soit étalée sur la majeure partie du Cénozoïque, son registre fossile est discontinu et ses relations de parenté au sein des crocodiles eusuchiens restent obscure. L’apport de nouveau matériel fossile, représenté soit par de nouveaux taxons ou soit par du matériel autorisant des révisions approfondies de taxons déjà connus, permet de caractériser l’évolution du genre Diplocynodon et des assemblages de crocodiliens depuis le Crétacé supérieur, période clef de l’émergence des crocodiliens modernes. Une clarification taxonomique au sein du genre Diplocynodon est apportée. Les analyses phylogénétiques de plusieurs taxons montrent que les alligatoroïdes ont occupé une place prépondérante au sein des faunes crocodiliennes d’Europe. La présence de Diplocynodon est attestée depuis l’Eocène basal jusqu’au Miocène moyen. Son aptitude à endurer les vicissitudes climatiques du Cénozoïque, particulièrement celle de la limite Eocène/Oligocène est remarquable
In this thesis, we study the thermal effects of meteoritical impacts and their contributions to core formation using numerical modeling. Meteoritical impacts lead to a local temperature increase function of the radius of the impacted body in a spherical region above the surface. A large impact on a small protoplanet lead to a thermal anomaly without significant melting. For large enough impactors, the thermal anomaly first flatens above the surface by isothermal advection and then cools by diffusion. The thickness of the thermal anomaly at the end of advection depends only on the radius and rheological parameters of the impacted body. After a large impact on a large undifferentiated protoplanet, the temperature increase can generate local melting and separation between heavy iron and light silicates. The iron sinks towards the center of impacted body and contributes to core formation. We develop models of thermal evolution of the metallic phase. The iron can undergo viscous heating while sinking through undifferentiated material. The temperature of the iron only increases for large enough metallic diapirs. This heating is function of the rheological parameters of the impacted body and depends mainly on viscosity contrasts involved in the dynamics

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Legendre, Lucas. "Les crocodiles sont-ils devenus secondairement ectothermes ? : étude paléohistologique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066307/document.

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Les archosaures sont un clade de vertébrés comprenant les oiseaux, les crocodiliens, ainsi que de nombreux groupes fossiles. Ce groupe fait depuis plusieurs décennies l'objet d'un important débat parmi les paléontologues quant à l'évolution du thermométabolisme au sein de ses différentes lignées. L'hypothèse classique considère que seuls les oiseaux modernes sont endothermes, tandis que tous les autres archosaures sont ectothermes. L'histologie osseuse permet d'étudier plusieurs traits relatifs au thermométabolisme impossibles à mesurer sur des spécimens fossiles ; c'est pourquoi nous avons utilisé des caractères mesurés sur des coupes histologiques d'os longs.Nous nous sommes consacrés dans une première partie à une revue détaillée de la mesure du signal phylogénétique pour des caractères ostéohistologiques dans deux clades de vertébrés, ce qui nous a permis de mieux définir l'approche à suivre dans la construction de nos modèles prédictifs.Après une étude préliminaire consacrée à l'élaboration d'un modèle prédictif du taux de croissance osseuse, nous avons construit un modèle global capable de prédire directement le taux métabolique de nos spécimens fossiles. Nos résultats montrent que la majorité des archosaures de notre échantillonnage étaient endothermes. Cela implique que le dernier ancêtre commun des archosaures était probablement endotherme, et que les crocodiliens sont donc devenus secondairement ectothermes, probablement en réponse aux contraintes du milieu aquatique. Des études plus spécifiques sur la lignée des pseudosuchiens devraient permettre de déterminer à quel niveau de l'arbre phylogénétique s'est effectué le retour à cet état ectotherme
Archosaurs are a clade of vertebrates that includes birds, crocodiles, and numerous fossil groups. This clade has been a matter of debate among paleontologists for decades concerning the evolution of thermometabolism in its different lineages. The classical hypothesis considers that only modern birds are true endotherms, whereas all other archosaurs are ectotherms. Bone histology allows to study several traits linked to bone growth rate and thermometabolism, otherwise impossible to estimate on fossil specimens; for this reason, we used characters measured on long bone histological sections.In the first section, we extensively reviewed the measure of phylogenetic signal for osteohistological features in two clades of vertebrates, which was then used to define the methodology for building our predictive models.After a preliminary study during which we built a predictive model for bone growth rate, we built a global model to predict the metabolic rate of our fossil specimens, using both histological features and phylogenetic information for each specimen. Our results show that a majority of archosaurs in our sample were endotherms. This implies that the last common ancestor of archosaurs was likely an endotherm, and that modern crocodiles became secondarily ectothermic, probably in response to their aquatic environment. More specific studies on pseudosuchians should allow to precisely identify the level of the phylogenetic tree at which the ectothermic state was acquired, as well as adaptive constraints behind this acquisition

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Legendre, Lucas. "Les crocodiles sont-ils devenus secondairement ectothermes ? : étude paléohistologique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2014PA066307.pdf.

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Les archosaures sont un clade de vertébrés comprenant les oiseaux, les crocodiliens, ainsi que de nombreux groupes fossiles. Ce groupe fait depuis plusieurs décennies l'objet d'un important débat parmi les paléontologues quant à l'évolution du thermométabolisme au sein de ses différentes lignées. L'hypothèse classique considère que seuls les oiseaux modernes sont endothermes, tandis que tous les autres archosaures sont ectothermes. L'histologie osseuse permet d'étudier plusieurs traits relatifs au thermométabolisme impossibles à mesurer sur des spécimens fossiles ; c'est pourquoi nous avons utilisé des caractères mesurés sur des coupes histologiques d'os longs.Nous nous sommes consacrés dans une première partie à une revue détaillée de la mesure du signal phylogénétique pour des caractères ostéohistologiques dans deux clades de vertébrés, ce qui nous a permis de mieux définir l'approche à suivre dans la construction de nos modèles prédictifs.Après une étude préliminaire consacrée à l'élaboration d'un modèle prédictif du taux de croissance osseuse, nous avons construit un modèle global capable de prédire directement le taux métabolique de nos spécimens fossiles. Nos résultats montrent que la majorité des archosaures de notre échantillonnage étaient endothermes. Cela implique que le dernier ancêtre commun des archosaures était probablement endotherme, et que les crocodiliens sont donc devenus secondairement ectothermes, probablement en réponse aux contraintes du milieu aquatique. Des études plus spécifiques sur la lignée des pseudosuchiens devraient permettre de déterminer à quel niveau de l'arbre phylogénétique s'est effectué le retour à cet état ectotherme
Archosaurs are a clade of vertebrates that includes birds, crocodiles, and numerous fossil groups. This clade has been a matter of debate among paleontologists for decades concerning the evolution of thermometabolism in its different lineages. The classical hypothesis considers that only modern birds are true endotherms, whereas all other archosaurs are ectotherms. Bone histology allows to study several traits linked to bone growth rate and thermometabolism, otherwise impossible to estimate on fossil specimens; for this reason, we used characters measured on long bone histological sections.In the first section, we extensively reviewed the measure of phylogenetic signal for osteohistological features in two clades of vertebrates, which was then used to define the methodology for building our predictive models.After a preliminary study during which we built a predictive model for bone growth rate, we built a global model to predict the metabolic rate of our fossil specimens, using both histological features and phylogenetic information for each specimen. Our results show that a majority of archosaurs in our sample were endotherms. This implies that the last common ancestor of archosaurs was likely an endotherm, and that modern crocodiles became secondarily ectothermic, probably in response to their aquatic environment. More specific studies on pseudosuchians should allow to precisely identify the level of the phylogenetic tree at which the ectothermic state was acquired, as well as adaptive constraints behind this acquisition

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Rauschenberger, Richard Heath. "Developmental mortality in american alligators (alligator mississippiensis) exposed to organochlorine pesticides." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0008223.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2004.
Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 233 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Cotroneo, Laurie Anne Spotila James R. "Population genetics and conservation of the American crocodile on the pacific coast of Costa Rica /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3311.

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Jamerlan, Mona Lisa. "Establishing mating systems by microsatellite analysis in declining saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) hatchling production at Edward River Crocodile Farm (Nth. Queensland) /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17070.pdf.

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Swan, Jennifer. "HABITAT AND COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS OF WILDLIFE RESCUED DURING THE EXPANSION OF THE PANAMA CANAL." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1168.

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Since the ceding of the Panamá Canal from the United States to the Republic of Panamá in 1999, human development has accelerated, resulting in the loss of tropical rainforest habitat and declines in wildlife populations. In 2007 this area of vast plant and wildlife diversity experience further loss of habitat as land clearing and excavation commenced for the Panamá Canal Third Locks Expansion Project. As one of the largest construction projects in the world, the potential impacts of the expansion prompted the Panama Canal Authority to work with a local non-governmental conservation organization to initiate a wildlife rescue and relocation operation to conserve wildlife in the affected areas. From 2007 to 2010, 896 wildlife rescue events occurred in 11 areas along the Canal; 806 of these individuals (90%) were successfully relocated to protected areas (n=749) or captivity (n=57). These wildlife rescue efforts were summarized, including human labor required, wildlife species composition, and conservation statuses according to the IUCN and CITES. Also quantified were wildlife dominance and biodiversity using the Simpson, Shannon, Berger-Parker, and Brillouin diversity indices, relative abundance of >100 Neotropical species, and habitat-abundance relationships for four focal species: Hoffman's two-toed sloth, Choloepus hoffmanni; brown-throated three-toed sloth, Bradypus variegatus; American crocodile, Crocodylus acutus; and common caiman, Caiman crocodilus. Relationships between diversity indices and habitat for the wildlife rescued during the wildlife rescue project were also analyzed. Results indicate the Panamá Canal Watershed to ii possess a diverse representation of Neotropical wildlife. Habitat-abundance relationships of focal species suggest two-toed sloth numbers increased as the edge of secondary forest decreased and number of three-toed sloths increased as total landscape area of agriculture decreased. Crocodile populations increased as number of patches on the landscape and mean patch size of secondary forest decreased, and caiman numbers increased as the edge density of secondary forests decreased and mean patch size of agriculture increased. Diversity-habitat relationships revealed wildlife diversity increased with heterogeneous secondary forest landscape consisting of less edge. This project provides rare insights into wildlife rescue operations and wildlife-habitat relationships for Neotropical wildlife species that will be useful for a range of conservation efforts. Additionally, this research provides updated population assessments for many of the species included in the research, especially the focal species, in which a need for them has been stressed in the conservation literature.

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Vignaud, Patrick. "Les thalattosuchia, crocodiles marins du mésozoïque : systématique phylogénétique, paléoécologie, biochronologie et implications paléogéographiques." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2272.

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Les thalattosuchia, crocodiles marins du mesozoique, sont connus dans les sediments depuis le debut du xixeme siecle. Le nombre plethorique d'especes creees (plus de 190) nous a amene a mettre en doute la validite de certaines. L'absence de caracteres diagnosiques clairement identifies ne permettait pas de preciser les relations phylogenetiques. L'etude synthetique de la biologie et de l'eco-ethologie des crocodiles actuels permet de mieux apprehender les phenomenes associes aux variations intraspecifiques. L'anatomie du complexe de la manducation et la croissance ontogenique des differentes structures craniennes sont analysees et detaillees. L'analyse morphologique des caracteres des thalattosuchia est essentiellement basee sur le materiel du callovien de la region de poitiers qui se caracterise par la precision de sa datation biochronologique et par son remarquable etat de conservation. L'etude biometrique et graphique est effectuee a l'aide de la quasi-totalite des cranes decouverts en europe. Ces analyses permettent de definir des caracteres diagnosiques puis de les tester grace a la connaissance des variations intraspecifiques chez les crocodiles actuels. Les modalites de la croissance du crane des thalattosuchia sont precisees. De nouvelles relations phylogenetiques sont proposees puis discutees. De nouveaux taxons sont crees, permettant ainsi a la systematique de mieux refleter la biodiversite de ces crocodiles marins. Un inventaire de toutes les decouvertes de thalattosuchia est etabli, tenant compte a la fois de la systematique, de la paleogeographie et de l'age des gisements. La correlation biochronologique des principales formations est proposee. Les capacites de dispersions sont precisees pour chacune des deux super-familles: teleosauroidea et metriorhynchoidea. Ces nouvelles hypotheses permettent d'apporter d'importantes precisions sur l'evolution de la paleogeographie durant le jurassique

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Beyeler, Patrick Marcel. "Protein requirements of juvenile Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) in an intensive production system." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29554.

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The objective of this study was to determine the dietary protein requirements of the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) between the ages of 5 – 8 months, and to compare the results with documented protein requirements of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). This was achieved by feeding the crocodiles 4 diets with varying amounts of crude protein (CP), including 62%, 56.6%, 51.6% and 46%. All four diets were iso-energetic with a metabolisable energy to protein ratio of 25.85KJ/g. The highest protein diet contained 44% raw minced chicken and 46.9% fish meal with minimal contribution (of 6.4%) made from vegetable protein sources (full fat soya). The lowest protein diet was made up of a majority of vegetable protein (30% soya bean oilcake, 9.8% full fat soya and 17.2% maize meal) and some contribution from protein of animal origin (4.3% carcass meal and 35% fish meal). This study was carried out for 12 weeks during the crocodiles first year of life. Body mass, total body length, head length and snout to vent length were measured five times at 3 weekly intervals. Twenty representative crocodiles in a pen of 200 were individually tagged for the duration of the trial. As there were 3 replicates for each of the 4 treatment diets, 240 crocodiles in 12 pens were tagged. During the early phase of the study, it was observed that crocodiles on the 46% CP treatment diet were not performing well, and that most of the crocodiles on this diet were losing mass. This treatment diet was discontinued at 9 weeks into the trial for both financial and ethical reasons. The remaining three diets were tested for the full 12 weeks. Chromium oxide was mixed into the diets at two time periods during the trial to determine the protein, energy and dry matter digestibility. It was determined that the 46%, the 51.6%, the 56.6% and the 62% CP diets had a digestible protein (DP) content of 246.44 g/kg, 294.80 g/kg, 381.32 g/kg and 468.65 g/kg and a digestibility coefficient of 53.50%, 57.00%, 69.15% and 75.65% respectively. Performance of crocodiles on the 46% CP treatment diet was found to be lower in all measurement categories than crocodiles on the three higher protein diets. However, crocodiles on the 62% CP treatment diet outperformed all the crocodiles (on all measurement criteria) on the lower protein diets. The poor performance of crocodiles on the lowest protein diet correlates with previous research indicating that crocodilians are unable to perform optimally when the majority of the diet’s protein is made up of vegetable protein sources. It was determined that juvenile American alligators would grow at optimal levels when the diet contained a DP content of 450 g/kg. As the Nile crocodiles in this study performed the best when the diet contained a DP value of 468.65 g/kg, it was concluded that juvenile Nile crocodiles have the same range of protein requirements as that determined for juvenile American alligators.
Dissertation (MSc(Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Animal and Wildlife Sciences
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Books on the topic "Crocodiles"

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Markle, Sandra. Crocodiles. Minneapolis, MN: Carolrhoda Books, 2004.

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Jango-Cohen, Judith. Crocodiles. Tarrytown, N.Y: Benchmark Books, 2001.

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Robbie, Byerly, ed. Crocodiles. King of Prussia, Pennsylvania: American Reading Co., 2012.

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Steve, Parker. Crocodiles. New York: Windmill Books, 2011.

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Perran, Ross James, Espinosa Eduardo, and International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Crocodile Specialist Group, eds. Crocodiles. 2nd ed. Gland: IUCN, 1998.

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Hoff, Mary King. Crocodiles. Mankato, MN: Creative Education, 2006.

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Robinson, Claire. Crocodiles. Crystal Lake, IL: Heinemann Library, 1997.

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Cutting, Brian. Crocodiles. Oxford: Heinemann Educ., 1994.

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Stone, Lynn M. Crocodiles. Vero Beach, Fla: Rourke Corp., 1990.

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Tibbitts, Alison. Crocodiles. Mankato, Minn., USA: Capstone Press, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Crocodiles"

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Molina, Flavio de Barros. "Class Reptilia, Order Crocodilia (Crocodilians): Caimans, Crocodiles." In Biology, Medicine, and Surgery of South American Wild Animals, 9–14. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470376980.ch2.

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Zinoviev, Alexander. "Crocodiles Cannot Fly." In Debates on the Future of Communism, 38–41. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11783-3_6.

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Allen, N. J. "Crocodiles and nymphs." In Arjuna–Odysseus, 82–90. New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429294129-7.

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Cousins, Sarah, and Hilary Minns. "Crocodiles and monkeys." In Supporting Early Learning through Rhymes and Stories, 79–88. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003358633-9.

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Martinez, Paoul S., and Caryn E. Plummer. "Ophthalmology of Crocodilia: Alligators, Crocodiles, Caimans, and Gharials." In Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology, 299–317. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71302-7_15.

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Crespi, Brunna, Anacleto Amaral, and Clementino Amaral. "The crocodiles of Fesawa." In Indigenous Perspectives on Sacred Natural Sites, 121–35. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351234900-8.

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Begg, Norman. "Beware of the Crocodiles." In The Remarkable Story of Vaccines, 31–37. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003303879-7.

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Sears, Tamara. "Decolonizing Crocodiles, Repatriating Birds." In The Routledge Companion to Decolonizing Art History, 419–31. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003152262-37.

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Giblett, Rod. "Alligators, crocodiles and the uncanny." In Psychoanalytic Ecology, 27–40. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge focus on environment and sustainability: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429059797-3.

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Rasmussen, L. E. L., and Michael J. Schmidt. "Are Sharks Chemically Aware of Crocodiles?" In Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 6, 335–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9655-1_53.

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Conference papers on the topic "Crocodiles"

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Sénéchal, Agathe, Elise Debruyne, Cérine Raouraoua, William Defrance, and Agatha Sip. "Ah les Crocodiles…" In SA '21: SIGGRAPH Asia 2021. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3463912.3477194.

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Lemus, Miguel Angel Gallardo, Juan Carlos Rodriguez Ramos, and Rodrigo Oliver Delgado Arcega. "IOT Network Proposal for the Identification, Monitoring and Location of Crocodiles in the Estuary of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico." In 9th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2023.130715.

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In the city of Puerto Vallarta, in Mexico, there are crocodiles, distributed in the BahÃƒa de Banderas area, between the states of Nayarit and Jalisco. Man invaded their habitat, forcing them to look for those spaces they naturally occupied, generating confrontations. This work describes and gives the background of the problem, as well as a possible way to mitigate the situation, the use of IOT technology is proposed to monitor the location of each crocodile and the definition of risk zones to warn of possible dangerous situations. Therefore, the design proposal of a network of wireless sensors for the monitoring of crocodiles that are found in the area of the estuary and the Marina, which is an area surrounded by commercial and residential areas, is carried out. The use of a LORA network is proposed, since the coverage of the Coast, mangrove swamp and Marina is around 8 km. Also, a star topology with a single hub and a gateway node was chosen to send the data to a server. A NoSQL database service such as Firebase and data visualization software using React Native are proposed. The data of interest for the project will only be the latitude and longitude provided by the GPS and that will be decoded through an mkr 1300 development card. With the application of the project it is possible to know the behavior of the reptiles, act quickly in case that the crocodiles are outside their natural area and notify Civil Protection.

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Mathevon, Nicolas, Amelie Vergne, and Thierry Aubin. "Acoustic communication in crocodiles: How do juvenile calls code information?" In ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4799192.

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Caron Delbosc, N., J. Thévenet, N. Boyer, N. Grimault, and N. Mathevon. "Multimodal perception of aquatic vibrations and airborne sound in crocodiles." In 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum 2023. Turin, Italy: European Acoustics Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61782/fa.2023.0351.

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Reynolds, L. "Wading through a swamp of standards and playing with the crocodiles." In Water: Process Control and Automation. Engineering for the Water Industry. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2015.0025.

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Venegas-Anaya, Miryam, Stephany Del Rosario R., Maria A. Venegas, Melciellyne Aguilar M., Yairen Alonso J., Betzaida I. Rivera, and Armando H. Escobedo-Galvan. "Geomatics in Conservation: Habitat Status and Population Ecology of Crocodiles and Alligators of the Gulf of Montijo Wetland, Panama." In 2019 7th International Engineering, Sciences and Technology Conference (IESTEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iestec46403.2019.00029.

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Vejzović, Anel, Faruk Tandir, Nedžad Hadžiomerović, Rizah Avdić, and Nejra Dučić. "Exotic Animals’ Vascular System Characteristics and its Application in Clinical Practice." In Socratic lectures 10. University of Lubljana Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2024.ii5.

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Abstract: Veterinary practice commonly involves caring for domestic and companion animal. Since the trend of owning exotic pets is rapidly increasing, veterinarians often treat exotic patients as well. As a result, veterinarians are facing increased demands for specialized skills and knowledge. This article aims to provide a concise review of the anatomy of the vascular system in exotic animals and its relevance in clinical practice. Snakes, lizards and chelonians have 3-chambered heart with 2 atria and one partially divided ventricle whereas crocodiles have 4-chambered heart. It is important to consider these characteristics during the anesthesia in reptiles since blood shunting affects changes in blood pressure, oxygen level and other anesthetic parameters. In birds, the cardiovascular system is crucial in enduring the exhausting physical activities such as swimming, flying or diving and running. Birds have renal portal system which consists of cranial and caudal renal portal vein. The recommendation of avoiding drug application in the hindlimbs of birds is present for a long time. This is valid not only for birds, but for reptiles, amphibians and most fish. The ventricle of amphibians is trabeculated, which minimizes blood shunting through various anatomical and physiological features. During biphasic systole, the left and right side of the ventricle contract separately, directing blood in different parts of aortic arches. Due to the complexity of the exotic animals, thorough education added in veterinary curricula is needed. Keywords: amphibians, birds, cardiovascular, clinical, reptiles

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Milanova, Petia. "STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SWAMI DEV MURTI’S YOGA PRACTICE “CROCODILE EXERCISES”." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/91.

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ABSTRACT Yoga is a combination of physical, mental, and spiritual practices. It is an ideal stress reliever and a powerful therapy for mental and physical disorders. Since they were created, Swami Dev Murti’s “Crocodile Exercises” have significantly contributed to the yoga practice. Swami Dev Murti invented them after a thorough study of ancient yoga practices. These exercises are considered the most original and effective practice for dealing with spinal, lower back, and pectoral (shoulder) girdle issues. The survey aimed at monitoring the changes occurring in a human’s body after practicing “Crocodile Exercises” for 30 days. The research was conducted with 37 people of different ages with experience in yoga. А questionnaire survey, pedagogical experiment, and maths-statistical methods were used for the research to be carried out. The questionnaire card was used to determine the popularity of Swami Dev Murthy’s “Crocodile Exercises”. The pedagogical experiment involved performing the recommended yoga practice „Crocodile Exercises“ for 30 days. Test 1 (flexibility in the lower part of the spine) and Test 2 (shoulder girdle) were used to establish the level of spinal flexibility. The results were processed with the Microsoft Pack software package, particularly Microsoft Excel. After analyzing the results from the measurement of the flexibility in the lower part of the spine, it was found that the positive effect of the yoga practice “Crocodile Exercises” was much greater on women. The results from the measurement of the flexibility in the upper part of the spine showed a significant improvement in both sexes. All participants noted unequivocally, without exception, the positive effect of these exercises on their bodies. The results from the experiment revealed that the yoga practice “Crocodile Exercises” had a beneficial impact on the overall improvement in subjects’ physical, mental, and emotional states.

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Kanhere, E., N. Wang, M. Asadnia, A. G. P. Kottapalli, and J. M. Miao. "Crocodile inspired Dome Pressure sensor for hydrodynamic sensing." In TRANSDUCERS 2015 - 2015 18th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/transducers.2015.7181144.

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Muslim, Teguh, and Rachmat Budiwijaya Suba. "A Preliminary Survey of Siamese Crocodile Habitat Preferences." In Joint Symposium on Tropical Studies (JSTS-19). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210408.061.

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Reports on the topic "Crocodiles"

1

Salcido, Charles, Patrick Wilson, Justin Tweet, Blake McCan, Clint Boyd, and Vincent Santucci. Theodore Roosevelt National Park: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293509.

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Theodore Roosevelt National Park (THRO) in western North Dakota was established for its historical connections with President Theodore Roosevelt. It contains not only historical and cultural resources, but abundant natural resources as well. Among these is one of the best geological and paleontological records of the Paleocene Epoch (66 to 56 million years ago) of any park in the National Park System. The Paleocene Epoch is of great scientific interest due to the great mass extinction that occurred at its opening (the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event), and the unusual climatic event that began at the end of the epoch (the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, an anomalous global temperature spike). It is during the Paleocene that mammals began to diversify and move into the large-bodied niches vacated by dinosaurs. The rocks exposed at THRO preserve the latter part of the Paleocene, when mammals were proliferating and crocodiles were the largest predators. Western North Dakota was warmer and wetter with swampy forests; today these are preserved as the “petrified forests” that are one of THRO’s notable features. Despite abundant fossil resources, THRO has not historically been a scene of significant paleontological exploration. For example, the fossil forests have only had one published scientific description, and that report focused on the associated paleosols (“fossil soils”). The widespread petrified wood of the area has been known since at least the 19th century and was considered significant enough to be a tourist draw in the decades leading up to the establishment of THRO in 1947. Paleontologists occasionally collected and described fossil specimens from the park over the next few decades, but the true extent of paleontological resources was not realized until a joint North Dakota Geological Survey–NPS investigation under John Hoganson and Johnathan Campbell between 1994–1996. This survey uncovered 400 paleontological localities within the park representing a variety of plant, invertebrate, vertebrate, and trace fossils. Limited investigation and occasional collection of noteworthy specimens took place over the next two decades. In 2020, a new two-year initiative to further document the park’s paleontological resources began. This inventory, which was the basis for this report, identified another 158 fossil localities, some yielding taxa not recorded by the previous survey. Additional specimens were collected from the surface, among them a partial skeleton of a choristodere (an extinct aquatic reptile), dental material of two mammal taxa not previously recorded at THRO, and the first bird track found at the park. The inventory also provided an assessment of an area scheduled for ground-disturbing maintenance. This inventory is intended to inform future paleontological resource research, management, protection, and interpretation at THRO. THRO’s bedrock geology is dominated by two Paleocene rock formations: the Bullion Creek Formation and the overlying Sentinel Butte Formation of the Fort Union Group. Weathering of these formations has produced the distinctive banded badlands seen in THRO today. These two formations were deposited under very different conditions than the current conditions of western North Dakota. In the Paleocene, the region was warm and wet, with a landscape dominated by swamps, lakes, and rivers. Great forests now represented by petrified wood grew throughout the area. Freshwater mollusks, fish, amphibians (including giant salamanders), turtles, choristoderes, and crocodilians abounded in the ancient wetlands, while a variety of mammals representing either extinct lineages or the early forebearers of modern groups inhabited the land. There is little representation of the next 56 million years at THRO. The only evidence we have of events in the park for most of these millions of years is isolated Neogene lag deposits and terrace gravel. Quaternary surficial deposits have yielded a few fossils...

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